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Johansson HKL, Hansen JS, Elfving B, Lund SP, Kyjovska ZO, Loft S, Barfod KK, Jackson P, Vogel U, Hougaard KS. Airway exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes disrupts the female reproductive cycle without affecting pregnancy outcomes in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:17. [PMID: 28558787 PMCID: PMC5450058 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) is increasing due to a growing use in a variety of products across several industries. Thus, occupational exposure is also of increasing concern, particularly since airway exposure to MWCNTs can induce sustained pulmonary acute phase response and inflammation in experimental animals, which may affect female reproduction. This proof-of-principle study therefore aimed to investigate if lung exposure by intratracheal instillation of the MWCNT NM-400 would affect the estrous cycle and reproductive function in female mice. RESULTS Estrous cycle regularity was investigated by comparing vaginal smears before and after exposure to 67 μg of NM-400, whereas reproductive function was analyzed by measuring time to delivery of litters after instillation of 2, 18 or 67 μg of NM-400. Compared to normal estrous cycling determined prior to exposure, exposure to MWCNT significantly prolonged the estrous cycle during which exposure took place, but significantly shortened the estrous cycle immediately after the exposed cycle. No consistent effects were seen on time to delivery of litter or other gestational or litter parameters, such as litter size, sex ratio, implantations and implantation loss. CONCLUSION Lung exposure to MWCNT interfered with estrous cycling. Effects caused by MWCNTs depended on the time of exposure: the estrous stage was particularly sensitive to exposure, as animals exposed during this stage showed a higher incidence of irregular cycling after exposure. Our data indicates that MWCNT exposure may interfere with events leading to ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. K. L. Johansson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, DK-2100 Denmark
- Present Address: Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, DK-2860 Denmark
| | - J. S. Hansen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, DK-2100 Denmark
| | - B. Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, DK-8240 Denmark
| | - S. P. Lund
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, DK-2100 Denmark
| | - Z. O. Kyjovska
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, DK-2100 Denmark
| | - S. Loft
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, DK-1014 Denmark
| | - K. K. Barfod
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, DK-2100 Denmark
| | - P. Jackson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, DK-2100 Denmark
| | - U. Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, DK-2100 Denmark
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, DTU-Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, DK-2800 Denmark
| | - K. S. Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, DK-2100 Denmark
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, DK-1014 Denmark
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Mendola P, Sundaram R, Louis GMB, Sun L, Wallace ME, Smarr MM, Sherman S, Zhu Y, Ying Q, Liu D. Proximity to major roadways and prospectively-measured time-to-pregnancy and infertility. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 576:172-177. [PMID: 27783935 PMCID: PMC5164942 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to study the potential impact of proximity to major roadways on time-to-pregnancy and infertility in couples attempting pregnancy in the Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and Environment (LIFE) study (2005-2009), a population-based, prospective cohort study. Couples attempting pregnancy (n=500) were enrolled and followed prospectively until pregnancy or 12months of trying and 393 couples (78%) had complete data and full follow-up. Time-to-pregnancy was based on a standard protocol using fertility monitors, tracking estrone-3-glucuonide and luteinizing hormone, and pregnancy test kits to detect human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The fecundability odds ratio (FOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using proportional odds models. Infertility was defined as 12months of trying to conceive without an hCG pregnancy and the relative risk (RR) and 95% CI were estimated with log-binomial regression. Final models were adjusted for age, parity, study site, and salivary alpha-amylase, a stress marker. Infertile couples (53/393; 14%) tended to live closer to major roadways on average than fertile couples (689m vs. 843m, respectively) but the difference was not statistically significant. The likelihood of pregnancy was increased 3% for every 200m further away the couples residence was from a major roadway (FOR=1.03; CI=1.01-1.06). Infertility also appeared elevated at moderate distances compared to 1000m or greater, but estimates lacked precision. Our findings suggest that proximity to major roadways may be related to reductions in fecundity. Prospective data from larger populations is warranted to corroborate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Mendola
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Germaine M Buck Louis
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Liping Sun
- Glotech, Inc., 1801 Research Blvd # 605, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Maeve E Wallace
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Melissa M Smarr
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Seth Sherman
- Emmes Corporation, 401 N. Washington Street #700, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Yeyi Zhu
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Qi Ying
- Texas A&M University, 401 Joe Routt Blvd., College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Danping Liu
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Tan Y, Yang R, Zhao J, Cao Z, Chen Y, Zhang B. The Associations Between Air Pollution and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in China. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1017:181-214. [PMID: 29177963 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5657-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Research on the potential impact of air pollution on the human's health has increased rapidly in recent years. Several studies have suggested that exposure to air pollutants during period of pregnancy which is a crucial time point of mother-fetus development may have long-term and serious impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes. There is lack of review to evaluate the existed epidemiologic evidence on the associations between air pollutants and adverse pregnancy outcomes in China, so we conducted a review to explore the current epidemiological evidence on the effects of air pollutants to pregnancy outcomes and possible mechanisms during the pregnancy process. We used keywords to systematically search all the English and Chinese literatures on studies that were conducted in China. Exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy had shown there were harmful effects for different birth outcomes: preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, birth defects, infertility, and macrosomia fetus. Results on the effects of air pollutants on adverse pregnancy outcomes are small and inconsistent because they vary in their design and methodology. The existed available evidence is compatible with either a small negative effect of air pollutants on pregnancy outcomes or with no effect; therefore, further studies are needed to confirm and quantify the possible associations and potential biologic mechanisms between air pollutants and pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Tan
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Zhongqiang Cao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Yawen Chen
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
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Carré J, Gatimel N, Moreau J, Parinaud J, Leandri R. Influence of air quality on the results of in vitro fertilization attempts: A retrospective study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 210:116-122. [PMID: 28012404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of air quality on the results of IVF. STUDY DESIGN We performed a retrospective study on 292 patients who have undergone an IVF attempt from April 2012 to December 2015 in our French university hospital. Patients were included in the study if data on the air quality at home and at work were available and if they haven't been gone for more than 4days in a month. Data were recorded during the 3 months before oocyte collection and 1 month after embryo transfer. Air quality measurements were obtained from the Observatoire Régional de l'Air en Midi-Pyrénées (ORAMIP) and concerned the levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), particulate matter PM10 and SO2 measured every day. RESULTS Acute exposures to high levels NO2 or PM10 were associated with lower results of IVF (ovarian response to stimulation, number of top embryos) while these parameters were enhanced when patients were exposed to high levels of O3 during the first 2 months of folliculogenesis. These effects were found even for a short exposure (1day). CONCLUSIONS Air quality has an impact on global health and also on the reproductive function and public and authorities must be aware of environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Carré
- Médecine de la Reproduction, CHU Toulouse, 330 avenue de Grande Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Gatimel
- Médecine de la Reproduction, CHU Toulouse, 330 avenue de Grande Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France; Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine EA 3694, Université Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Jessika Moreau
- Médecine de la Reproduction, CHU Toulouse, 330 avenue de Grande Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Parinaud
- Médecine de la Reproduction, CHU Toulouse, 330 avenue de Grande Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France; Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine EA 3694, Université Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France.
| | - Roger Leandri
- Médecine de la Reproduction, CHU Toulouse, 330 avenue de Grande Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France; Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine EA 3694, Université Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France
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Checa Vizcaíno MA, González-Comadran M, Jacquemin B. Outdoor air pollution and human infertility: a systematic review. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:897-904.e1. [PMID: 27513553 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution is a current research priority because of its adverse effects on human health, including on fertility. However, the mechanisms through which air pollution impairs fertility remain unclear. In this article, we perform a systematic review to evaluate currently available evidence on the impact of air pollution on fertility in humans. Several studies have assessed the impact of air pollutants on the general population, and have found reduced fertility rates and increased risk of miscarriage. In subfertile patients, women exposed to higher concentrations of air pollutants while undergoing IVF showed lower live birth rates and higher rates of miscarriage. After exposure to similar levels of air pollutants, comparable results have been found regardless of the mode of conception (IVF versus spontaneous conception), suggesting that infertile women are not more susceptible to the effects of pollutants than the general population. In addition, previous studies have not observed impaired embryo quality after exposure to air pollution, although evidence for this question is sparse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Checa Vizcaíno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; GRI-BCN (Barcelona Research Infertility Group), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireia González-Comadran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; GRI-BCN (Barcelona Research Infertility Group), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benedicte Jacquemin
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, INSERM, Villejuif, France; UMRS 1018, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
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Mahalingaiah S, Hart JE, Laden F, Farland LV, Hewlett MM, Chavarro J, Aschengrau A, Missmer SA. Adult air pollution exposure and risk of infertility in the Nurses' Health Study II. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:638-47. [PMID: 26724803 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is there an association between air pollution exposures and incident infertility? SUMMARY ANSWER Increased exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased incidence of infertility. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Exposures to air pollution have been associated with lower conception and fertility rates. However, the impact of pollution on infertility incidence is unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Prospective cohort study using data collected from 116 430 female nurses from September 1989 to December 2003 as part of the Nurses' Health Study II cohort. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Infertility was defined by report of attempted conception for ≥12 months without success. Participants were able to report if evaluation was sought and if so, offer multiple clinical indications for infertility. After exclusion, 36 294 members were included in the analysis. Proximity to major roadways and ambient exposures to particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM10), between 2.5 and 10 microns (PM2.5-10), and less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) were determined for residential addresses for the 36 294 members between the years of 1993 and 2003. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazard models with time-varying covariates. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Over 213 416 person-years, there were 2508 incident reports of infertility. Results for overall infertility were inconsistent across exposure types. We observed a small increased risk for those living closer to compared to farther from a major road, multivariable adjusted HR = 1.11 (CI: 1.02-1.20). This was consistent for those reporting primary or secondary infertility. For women living closer to compared to farther from a major road, for primary infertility HR = 1.05 (CI: 0.94-1.17), while for secondary infertility HR = 1.21 (CI: 1.07-1.36). In addition, the HR for every 10 µg/m(3) increase in cumulative PM2.5-10 among women with primary infertility was 1.10 (CI: 0.96-1.27), and similarly was 1.10 (CI: 0.94-1.28) for those with secondary infertility. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Within the 2 year window of infertility diagnosis, we do not have the exact date of diagnosis or the exact timing of the start of attempting conception. As infertility status and subtypes of infertility were prospectively collected biennially, we were unable to tightly examine the timing of exposures on incidence of infertility. In terms of exposure quantification, we used ambient air pollution exposures as a proxy for personal exposures, potentially leading to exposure misclassification. However, several studies suggest that ambient measurements are an acceptable surrogate for individual level exposures in most populations. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS We observed an association between all size fractions of PM exposure, as well as traffic-related air pollution, and incidence of infertility. Of note, the strongest association was observed between cumulative average exposures over the course of follow-up and the risk of infertility, suggesting that chronic exposures may be of greater importance than short-term exposures. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The work for this paper was supported by the following: S.M.: Reproductive Scientist Development Program HD000849, and the Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health HD043444, the Boston University CTSI 1UL1TR001430, and a research grant from the Boston University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, S.A.M.: R01HD57210 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Environmental Health Sciences Translational Pilot Project Program, R01CA50385 from the National Cancer Institute, J.E.H. and F.L.: 5R01ES017017 from the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, 5 P42 ES007381 from the National Institute of Environmental Health at the National Institute of Health. L.V.F.: T32HD060454 in reproductive, perinatal, and pediatric epidemiology from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The Nurses' Health Study II is additionally supported by infrastructure grant UM1CA176726 from the National Cancer Institute, NIH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The authors have no actual or potential competing financial interests to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mahalingaiah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - J E Hart
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - F Laden
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - L V Farland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - M M Hewlett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - J Chavarro
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - A Aschengrau
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - S A Missmer
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wang D, Wang M, Cheng N, Zheng T, Hu X, Li H, Chan C, Zhang Y, Ren X, Bai Y. Sulfur dioxide exposure and other factors affecting age at natural menopause in the Jinchuan cohort. Climacteric 2015; 18:722-32. [PMID: 25853925 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2015.1015514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the associations between occupational exposures and age at natural menopause in the Jinchuan cohort. METHODS The Jinchuan cohort consists of all current or retired workers of the Jinchuan Nonferrous Metals Corporation (JNMC) in Jinchang, Gansu, China. Our final study population consisted of 3167 postmenopausal women. The data used for this study were derived from the epidemiological survey and were self-reported. Age at natural menopause (ANM) was defined as the age at the last period prior to 12 months of amenorrhea in women who experienced natural menopause. ANM was related to five commonly reported occupational exposures using bivariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regressions. RESULTS Blue-collar workers have significantly earlier mean ANM (49.0 years) than white-collar workers (49.5 years). Sulfur dioxide exposure was found to be associated with earlier mean ANM in blue-collar workers. After stratifying both blue-collar workers and white-collar workers further by exposure time for each of the exposures, blue-collar workers exposed to sulfur dioxide for 21-25 years had the earliest mean ANM (47.8 years) of any level of any exposure in this study. CONCLUSION This paper is significant because it is the first report of an association between sulfur dioxide and menopause, and one of few papers to look at the determinants of ANM in an occupational cohort. Blue-collar workers had earlier mean ANM than white-collar workers. Blue-collar workers are more exposed to sulfur dioxide and other occupational exposures than white-collar workers, and blue-collar workers who are more exposed to sulfur dioxide have earlier menopause. Sulfur dioxide may be part of the reason that blue-collar workers experience earlier menopause than white-collar workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wang
- a * Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu, China.,b Department of Epidemiology , School of Public Health, Brown University , Providence , RI , USA
| | - M Wang
- a * Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu, China
| | - N Cheng
- c College of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, Gansu , China
| | - T Zheng
- b Department of Epidemiology , School of Public Health, Brown University , Providence , RI , USA
| | - X Hu
- a * Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu, China
| | - H Li
- d Jinchuan Worker's Hospital , Jinchang , Gansu, China
| | - C Chan
- b Department of Epidemiology , School of Public Health, Brown University , Providence , RI , USA
| | - Y Zhang
- b Department of Epidemiology , School of Public Health, Brown University , Providence , RI , USA
| | - X Ren
- a * Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu, China
| | - Y Bai
- a * Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu, China
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Frutos V, González-Comadrán M, Solà I, Jacquemin B, Carreras R, Checa Vizcaíno MA. Impact of air pollution on fertility: a systematic review. Gynecol Endocrinol 2015; 31:7-13. [PMID: 25212280 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.958992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution has gained considerable interest because of the multiple adverse effects reported on human health, although its impact on fertility remains unclear. A systematic search was performed to evaluate the impact of air pollutants on fertility. Controlled trials and observational studies assessing animal model and epidemiological model were included. Occupational exposure and semen quality studies were not considered. Outcomes of interest included live birth, miscarriage, clinical pregnancy, implantation, and embryo quality. Ten studies were included and divided into two groups: animal studies and human epidemiological studies including the general population as well as women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET). Results from this systematic review suggest a significant impact of air pollution on miscarriage and clinical pregnancy rates in the general population, whereas among subfertile patients certain air pollutants seem to exert a greater impact on fertility outcomes, including miscarriage and live birth rates. Besides, studies in mammals observed a clear detrimental effect on fertility outcomes associated to air pollutants at high concentration. The lack of prospective studies evaluating the effect of air pollution exposure in terms of live birth constitutes an important limitation in this review. Thus, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Frutos
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain
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The shared pathoetiological effects of particulate air pollution and the social environment on fetal-placental development. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 2014:901017. [PMID: 25574176 PMCID: PMC4276595 DOI: 10.1155/2014/901017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate air pollution and socioeconomic risk factors are shown to be independently associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes; however, their confounding relationship is an epidemiological challenge that requires understanding of their shared etiologic pathways affecting fetal-placental development. The purpose of this paper is to explore the etiological mechanisms associated with exposure to particulate air pollution in contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes and how these mechanisms intersect with those related to socioeconomic status. Here we review the role of oxidative stress, inflammation and endocrine modification in the pathoetiology of deficient deep placentation and detail how the physical and social environments can act alone and collectively to mediate the established pathology linked to a spectrum of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We review the experimental and epidemiological literature showing that diet/nutrition, smoking, and psychosocial stress share similar pathways with that of particulate air pollution exposure to potentially exasperate the negative effects of either insult alone. Therefore, socially patterned risk factors often treated as nuisance parameters should be explored as potential effect modifiers that may operate at multiple levels of social geography. The degree to which deleterious exposures can be ameliorated or exacerbated via community-level social and environmental characteristics needs further exploration.
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Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Basagaña X, Dadvand P, Martinez D, Cirach M, Beelen R, Jacquemin B. Air pollution and human fertility rates. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 70:9-14. [PMID: 24879367 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some reports have suggested effects of air pollution on semen quality and success rates of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in humans and lower fertility rates in mice. However, no studies have evaluated the impact of air pollution on human fertility rates. AIMS We assessed the association between traffic related air pollution and fertility rates in humans in Barcelona, Spain (2011-2012). We hypothesized that higher air pollution levels would be associated with lower fertility rates. METHODS We calculated the general fertility rate which is the number of live births per 1000 women between the ages of 15 and 44 years per census tract. We used land use regression (LUR) modeling to estimate the air pollution concentrations (particulate matter, NO2/NOx) per census tract. We used Besag-York-Mollié models to quantify the relationship between air pollution and fertility rates with adjustment for a number of potential confounders such as maternal age and area level socio-economic status. RESULTS We found a statistically significant reduction of fertility rates with an increase in traffic related air pollution levels, particularly for the coarse fraction of particulate matter (IRR=0.87 95% CI 0.82, 0.94 per IQR). CONCLUSION This is the first study in humans to show an association between reduced fertility rates and higher traffic related air pollution levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; UPF, Spain.
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; UPF, Spain
| | - Payam Dadvand
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; UPF, Spain
| | - David Martinez
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; UPF, Spain
| | - Marta Cirach
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; UPF, Spain
| | - Rob Beelen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, INSERM, Villejuif, France; UMRS 1018, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France
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