51
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Song D, Oberai AA, Janmey PA. Hyperelastic continuum models for isotropic athermal fibrous networks. Interface Focus 2022; 12:20220043. [PMID: 36330327 PMCID: PMC9560787 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2022.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Many biological materials contain fibrous protein networks as their main structural components. Understanding the mechanical properties of such networks is important for creating biomimicking materials for cell and tissue engineering, and for developing novel tools for detecting and diagnosing disease. In this work, we develop continuum models for isotropic, athermal fibrous networks by combining a single-fibre model that describes the axial response of individual fibres, with network models that assemble individual fibre properties into overall network behaviour. In particular, we consider four different network models, including the affine, three-chain, eight-chain, and micro-sphere models, which employ different assumptions about network structure and kinematics. We systematically investigate the ability of these models to describe the mechanical response of athermal collagen and fibrin networks by comparing model predictions with experimental data. We test how each model captures network behaviour under three different loading conditions: uniaxial tension, simple shear, and combined tension and shear. We find that the affine and three-chain models can accurately describe both the axial and shear behaviour, whereas the eight-chain and micro-sphere models fail to capture the shear response, leading to unphysical zero shear moduli at infinitesimal strains. Our study is the first to systematically investigate the applicability of popular network models for describing the macroscopic behaviour of athermal fibrous networks, offering insights for selecting efficient models that can be used for large-scale, finite-element simulations of athermal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Song
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Physiology, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Assad A. Oberai
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul A. Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Physiology, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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52
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Patil G, Pawar R, Jadhav S, Ghormade V. A chitosan based multimodal “soft” hydrogel for rapid hemostasis of non-compressible hemorrhages and its mode of action. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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53
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Taneja H, Salodkar SM, Singh Parmar A, Chaudhary S. Hydrogel based 3D printing: Bio ink for tissue engineering. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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54
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Nickel AC, Denton AR, Houston JE, Schweins R, Plivelic TS, Richtering W, Scotti A. Beyond simple self-healing: How anisotropic nanogels adapt their shape to their environment. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:194901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0119527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The response of soft colloids to crowding depends sensitively on the particles’ compressibility. Nanogel suspensions provide model systems that are often studied to better understand the properties of soft materials and complex fluids from the formation of colloidal crystals to the flow of viruses, blood, or platelet cells in the body. Large spherical nanogels, when embedded in a matrix of smaller nanogels, have the unique ability to spontaneously deswell to match their size to that of the nanogel composing the matrix. In contrast to hard colloids, this self-healing mechanism allows for crystal formation without giving rise to point defects or dislocations. Here, we show that anisotropic ellipsoidal nanogels adapt both their size and their shape depending on the nature of the particles composing the matrix in which they are embedded. Using small-angle neutron scattering with contrast variation, we show that ellipsoidal nanogels become spherical when embedded in a matrix of spherical nanogels. In contrast, the anisotropy of the ellipsoid is enhanced when they are embedded in a matrix of anisotropic nanogels. Our experimental data are supported by Monte Carlo simulations that reproduce the trend of decreasing aspect ratio of ellipsoidal nanogels with increasing crowding by a matrix of spherical nanogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C. Nickel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alan R. Denton
- Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, USA
| | | | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin ILL DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Tomàs S. Plivelic
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrea Scotti
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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55
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Xu K, Wu X, Zhang X, Xing M. Bridging wounds: tissue adhesives' essential mechanisms, synthesis and characterization, bioinspired adhesives and future perspectives. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac033. [PMID: 36225327 PMCID: PMC9548443 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bioadhesives act as a bridge in wound closure by forming an effective interface to protect against liquid and gas leakage and aid the stoppage of bleeding. To their credit, tissue adhesives have made an indelible impact on almost all wound-related surgeries. Their unique properties include minimal damage to tissues, low chance of infection, ease of use and short wound-closure time. In contrast, classic closures, like suturing and stapling, exhibit potential additional complications with long operation times and undesirable inflammatory responses. Although tremendous progress has been made in the development of tissue adhesives, they are not yet ideal. Therefore, highlighting and summarizing existing adhesive designs and synthesis, and comparing the different products will contribute to future development. This review first provides a summary of current commercial traditional tissue adhesives. Then, based on adhesion interaction mechanisms, the tissue adhesives are categorized into three main types: adhesive patches that bind molecularly with tissue, tissue-stitching adhesives based on pre-polymer or precursor solutions, and bioinspired or biomimetic tissue adhesives. Their specific adhesion mechanisms, properties and related applications are discussed. The adhesion mechanisms of commercial traditional adhesives as well as their limitations and shortcomings are also reviewed. Finally, we also discuss the future perspectives of tissue adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaige Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Xiaozhuo Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Xingying Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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56
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Ozdemir S, Yalcin-Enis I, Yalcinkaya B, Yalcinkaya F. An Investigation of the Constructional Design Components Affecting the Mechanical Response and Cellular Activity of Electrospun Vascular Grafts. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:929. [PMID: 36295688 PMCID: PMC9607146 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is anticipated to remain the leading cause of death globally. Due to the current problems connected with using autologous arteries for bypass surgery, researchers are developing tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs). The major goal of vascular tissue engineering is to construct prostheses that closely resemble native blood vessels in terms of morphological, mechanical, and biological features so that these scaffolds can satisfy the functional requirements of the native tissue. In this setting, morphology and cellular investigation are usually prioritized, while mechanical qualities are generally addressed superficially. However, producing grafts with good mechanical properties similar to native vessels is crucial for enhancing the clinical performance of vascular grafts, exposing physiological forces, and preventing graft failure caused by intimal hyperplasia, thrombosis, aneurysm, blood leakage, and occlusion. The scaffold's design and composition play a significant role in determining its mechanical characteristics, including suturability, compliance, tensile strength, burst pressure, and blood permeability. Electrospun prostheses offer various models that can be customized to resemble the extracellular matrix. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and comparative review of recent studies on the mechanical properties of fibrous vascular grafts, emphasizing the influence of structural parameters on mechanical behavior. Additionally, this review provides an overview of permeability and cell growth in electrospun membranes for vascular grafts. This work intends to shed light on the design parameters required to maintain the mechanical stability of vascular grafts placed in the body to produce a temporary backbone and to be biodegraded when necessary, allowing an autologous vessel to take its place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Ozdemir
- Textile Engineering Department, Textile Technologies and Design Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Beyoglu, 34467 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ipek Yalcin-Enis
- Textile Engineering Department, Textile Technologies and Design Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Beyoglu, 34467 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baturalp Yalcinkaya
- Department of Material Science, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Fatma Yalcinkaya
- Department of Environmental Technology, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovations, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
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57
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Pignatelli C, Campo F, Neroni A, Piemonti L, Citro A. Bioengineering the Vascularized Endocrine Pancreas: A Fine-Tuned Interplay Between Vascularization, Extracellular-Matrix-Based Scaffold Architecture, and Insulin-Producing Cells. Transpl Int 2022; 35:10555. [PMID: 36090775 PMCID: PMC9452644 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2022.10555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Intrahepatic islet transplantation is a promising β-cell replacement strategy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions, acute inflammatory storm, and graft revascularization delay limit islet engraftment in the peri-transplant phase, hampering the success rate of the procedure. Growing evidence has demonstrated that islet engraftment efficiency may take advantage of several bioengineering approaches aimed to recreate both vascular and endocrine compartments either ex vivo or in vivo. To this end, endocrine pancreas bioengineering is an emerging field in β-cell replacement, which might provide endocrine cells with all the building blocks (vascularization, ECM composition, or micro/macro-architecture) useful for their successful engraftment and function in vivo. Studies on reshaping either the endocrine cellular composition or the islet microenvironment have been largely performed, focusing on a single building block element, without, however, grasping that their synergistic effect is indispensable for correct endocrine function. Herein, the review focuses on the minimum building blocks that an ideal vascularized endocrine scaffold should have to resemble the endocrine niche architecture, composition, and function to foster functional connections between the vascular and endocrine compartments. Additionally, this review highlights the possibility of designing bioengineered scaffolds integrating alternative endocrine sources to overcome donor organ shortages and the possibility of combining novel immune-preserving strategies for long-term graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cataldo Pignatelli
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Campo
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Neroni
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Citro
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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58
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Wachendörfer M, Schräder P, Buhl EM, Palkowitz AL, Ben Messaoud G, Richtering W, Fischer H. A defined heat pretreatment of gelatin enables control of hydrolytic stability, stiffness, and microstructural architecture of fibrin-gelatin hydrogel blends. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5552-5565. [PMID: 35969162 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin-gelatin hydrogel blends exhibit high potential for tissue engineering in vitro applications. However, the means to tailor these blends in order to control their properties, thus opening up a broad range of new target applications, have been insufficiently explored. We hypothesized that a controlled heat treatment of gelatin prior to blend synthesis enables control of hydrolytic swelling and shrinking, stiffness, and microstructural architecture of fibrin-gelatin based hydrogel blends while providing tremendous long-term stability. We investigated these hydrogel blends' compressive strength, in vitro degradation stability, and microstructure in order to test this hypothesis. In addition, we examined the gel's ability to support endothelial cell proliferation and stretching of encapsulated smooth muscle cells. This research showed that a controlled heat pretreatment of the gelatin component strongly influenced the stiffness, swelling, shrinking, and microstructural architecture of the final blends regardless of identical gelatin mass fractions. All blends offered high long-term hydrolytic stability. In conclusion, the results of this study open the possibility to use this technique in order to tune low-concentrated, open-porous fibrin-based hydrogels, even in long-term tissue engineering in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattis Wachendörfer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Philipp Schräder
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alena L Palkowitz
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Ghazi Ben Messaoud
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Horst Fischer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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59
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Ebrahimi S, Shams A, Maghami P, Hekmat A. Investigation of Signals and Transcription Factors for The Generation of Female Germ-Like Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2022; 24:458-464. [PMID: 36093805 PMCID: PMC9468721 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.8303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
<strong>Objective:</strong> Primordial germ cell (PGCs) lines are a source of a highly specialized type of cells, characteristically oocytes,<br />during female germline development in vivo. The oocyte growth begins in the transition from the primary follicle. It is<br />associated with dynamic changes in gene expression, but the gene-regulating signals and transcription factors that control oocyte growth remain unknown. We aim to investigate the differentiation potential of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) into female germ-like cells by testing several signals and transcription factors.<br /><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> In this experimental study, mMSCs were extracted from mice femur bone using the flushing<br />technique. The cluster-differentiation (CD) of superficial mesenchymal markers was determined with flow cytometric analysis. We applied a set of transcription factors including retinoic acid (RA), titanium nanotubes (TNTs), and fibrin such as TNT-coated fibrin (F+TNT) formation and (RA+F+TNT) induction, and investigated the changes in gene, MVH/ DDX4, expression and functional screening using an in vitro mouse oocyte development condition. Germ cell markers expression, (MVH / DDX4), was analyzed with Immunocytochemistry staining, quantitative transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, and Western blots.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The expression of CD was confirmed by flow cytometry. The phase determination of the TNTs and F+TNT were confirmed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. Remarkably, applying these transcription factors quickly induced pluripotent stem cells into oocyte-like cells that were sufficient to generate female germlike cells, growth, and maturation from mMSCs differentiation. These transcription factors formed oocyte-like cells specification of stem cells, epigenetic reprogramming, or meiosis and indicate that oocyte meiosis initiation and oocyte growth are not separable from the previous epigenetic reprogramming in stem cells in vitro.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Results suggested several transcription factors may apply for arranging oocyte-like cell growth and supplies an alternative source of in vitro maturation (IVM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Ebrahimi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shams
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran,P.O.Box: 3149969415Department of AnatomySchool of MedicineAlborz University of Medical SciencesKarajIran
| | - Parvaneh Maghami
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Hekmat
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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60
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Tariq U, Gupta M, Pathak S, Patil R, Dohare A, Misra SK. Role of Biomaterials in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration: Therapeutic Intervention for Myocardial Infarction. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3271-3298. [PMID: 35867701 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure or myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the world's leading causes of death. Post MI, the heart can develop pathological conditions such as ischemia, inflammation, fibrosis, and left ventricular dysfunction. However, current surgical approaches are sufficient for enhancing myocardial perfusion but are unable to reverse the pathological changes. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches have shown promising effects in the repair and replacement of injured cardiomyocytes. Additionally, biomaterial scaffolds with or without stem cells are established to provide an effective environment for cardiac regeneration. Excipients loaded with growth factors, cytokines, oligonucleotides, and exosomes are found to help in such cardiac eventualities by promoting angiogenesis, cardiomyocyte proliferation, and reducing fibrosis, inflammation, and apoptosis. Injectable hydrogels, nanocarriers, cardiac patches, and vascular grafts are some excipients that can help the self-renewal in the damaged heart but are not understood well yet, in the context of used biomaterials. This review focuses on the use of various biomaterial-based approaches for the regeneration and repair of cardiac tissue postoccurrence of MI. It also discusses the outlines of cardiac remodeling and current therapeutic approaches after myocardial infarction, which are translationally important with respect to used biomaterials. It provides comprehensive details of the biomaterial-based regenerative approaches, which are currently the focus of the research for cardiac repair and regeneration and can provide a broad outline for further improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaid Tariq
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Mahima Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Subhajit Pathak
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Ruchira Patil
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Akanksha Dohare
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Santosh K Misra
- Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India.,Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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61
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Jain P, Rauer SB, Möller M, Singh S. Mimicking the Natural Basement Membrane for Advanced Tissue Engineering. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:3081-3103. [PMID: 35839343 PMCID: PMC9364315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Advancements in the field of tissue engineering have
led to the
elucidation of physical and chemical characteristics of physiological
basement membranes (BM) as specialized forms of the extracellular
matrix. Efforts to recapitulate the intricate structure and biological
composition of the BM have encountered various advancements due to
its impact on cell fate, function, and regulation. More attention
has been paid to synthesizing biocompatible and biofunctional fibrillar
scaffolds that closely mimic the natural BM. Specific modifications
in biomimetic BM have paved the way for the development of in vitro models like alveolar-capillary barrier, airway
models, skin, blood-brain barrier, kidney barrier, and metastatic
models, which can be used for personalized drug screening, understanding
physiological and pathological pathways, and tissue implants. In this
Review, we focus on the structure, composition, and functions of in vivo BM and the ongoing efforts to mimic it synthetically.
Light has been shed on the advantages and limitations of various forms
of biomimetic BM scaffolds including porous polymeric membranes, hydrogels,
and electrospun membranes This Review further elaborates and justifies
the significance of BM mimics in tissue engineering, in particular
in the development of in vitro organ model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Jain
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | | | - Martin Möller
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Smriti Singh
- Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69028, Germany
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62
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Advances in Fibrin-Based Materials in Wound Repair: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144504. [PMID: 35889381 PMCID: PMC9322155 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The first bioprocess that occurs in response to wounding is the deterrence of local hemorrhage. This is accomplished by platelet aggregation and initiation of the hemostasis cascade. The resulting blood clot immediately enables the cessation of bleeding and then functions as a provisional matrix for wound healing, which begins a few days after injury. Here, fibrinogen and fibrin fibers are the key players, because they literally serve as scaffolds for tissue regeneration and promote the migration of cells, as well as the ingrowth of tissues. Fibrin is also an important modulator of healing and a host defense system against microbes that effectively maintains incoming leukocytes and acts as reservoir for growth factors. This review presents recent advances in the understanding and applications of fibrin and fibrin-fiber-incorporated biomedical materials applied to wound healing and subsequent tissue repair. It also discusses how fibrin-based materials function through several wound healing stages including physical barrier formation, the entrapment of bacteria, drug and cell delivery, and eventual degradation. Pure fibrin is not mechanically strong and stable enough to act as a singular wound repair material. To alleviate this problem, this paper will demonstrate recent advances in the modification of fibrin with next-generation materials exhibiting enhanced stability and medical efficacy, along with a detailed look at the mechanical properties of fibrin and fibrin-laden materials. Specifically, fibrin-based nanocomposites and their role in wound repair, sustained drug release, cell delivery to wound sites, skin reconstruction, and biomedical applications of drug-loaded fibrin-based materials will be demonstrated and discussed.
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63
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Blando S, Anchesi I, Mazzon E, Gugliandolo A. Can a Scaffold Enriched with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Be a Good Treatment for Spinal Cord Injury? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147545. [PMID: 35886890 PMCID: PMC9319719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a worldwide highly crippling disease that can lead to the loss of motor and sensory neurons. Among the most promising therapies, there are new techniques of tissue engineering based on stem cells that promote neuronal regeneration. Among the different types of stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seem the most promising. Indeed, MSCs are able to release trophic factors and to differentiate into the cell types that can be found in the spinal cord. Currently, the most common procedure to insert cells in the lesion site is infusion. However, this causes a low rate of survival and engraftment in the lesion site. For these reasons, tissue engineering is focusing on bioresorbable scaffolds to help the cells to stay in situ. Scaffolds do not only have a passive role but become fundamental for the trophic support of cells and the promotion of neuroregeneration. More and more types of materials are being studied as scaffolds to decrease inflammation and increase the engraftment as well as the survival of the cells. Our review aims to highlight how the use of scaffolds made from biomaterials enriched with MSCs gives positive results in in vivo SCI models as well as the first evidence obtained in clinical trials.
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64
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Anzini P, Redoglio D, Rocco M, Masciocchi N, Ferri F. Light Scattering and Turbidimetry Techniques for the Characterization of Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Networks. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132214. [PMID: 35808049 PMCID: PMC9268389 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Light scattering and turbidimetry techniques are classical tools for characterizing the dynamics and structure of single nanoparticles or nanostructured networks. They work by analyzing, as a function of time (Dynamic Light Scattering, DLS) or angles (Static Light Scattering, SLS), the light scattered by a sample, or measuring, as a function of the wavelength, the intensity scattered over the entire solid angle when the sample is illuminated with white light (Multi Wavelength Turbidimetry, MWT). Light scattering methods probe different length scales, in the ranges of ~5−500 nm (DLS), or ~0.1−5 μm (Wide Angle SLS), or ~1−100 μm (Low Angle SLS), and some of them can be operated in a time-resolved mode, with the possibility of characterizing not only stationary, but also aggregating, polymerizing, or self-assembling samples. Thus, the combined use of these techniques represents a powerful approach for studying systems characterized by very different length scales. In this work, we will review some typical applications of these methods, ranging from the field of colloidal fractal aggregation to the polymerization of biologic networks made of randomly entangled nanosized fibers. We will also discuss the opportunity of combining together different scattering techniques, emphasizing the advantages of a global analysis with respect to single-methods data processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Anzini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia and To.Sca.Lab, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy; (P.A.); (D.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Daniele Redoglio
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia and To.Sca.Lab, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy; (P.A.); (D.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Mattia Rocco
- Proteomica e Spettrometria di Massa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Norberto Masciocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia and To.Sca.Lab, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy; (P.A.); (D.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Fabio Ferri
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia and To.Sca.Lab, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy; (P.A.); (D.R.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Nguyen DT, Ogando-Rivas E, Liu R, Wang T, Rubin J, Jin L, Tao H, Sawyer WW, Mendez-Gomez HR, Cascio M, Mitchell DA, Huang J, Sawyer WG, Sayour EJ, Castillo P. CAR T Cell Locomotion in Solid Tumor Microenvironment. Cells 2022; 11:1974. [PMID: 35741103 PMCID: PMC9221866 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The promising outcomes of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in hematologic malignancies potentiates its capability in the fight against many cancers. Nevertheless, this immunotherapy modality needs significant improvements for the treatment of solid tumors. Researchers have incrementally identified limitations and constantly pursued better CAR designs. However, even if CAR T cells are armed with optimal killer functions, they must overcome and survive suppressive barriers imposed by the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, we will discuss in detail the important role of TME in CAR T cell trafficking and how the intrinsic barriers contribute to an immunosuppressive phenotype and cancer progression. It is of critical importance that preclinical models can closely recapitulate the in vivo TME to better predict CAR T activity. Animal models have contributed immensely to our understanding of human diseases, but the intensive care for the animals and unreliable representation of human biology suggest in vivo models cannot be the sole approach to CAR T cell therapy. On the other hand, in vitro models for CAR T cytotoxic assessment offer valuable insights to mechanistic studies at the single cell level, but they often lack in vivo complexities, inter-individual heterogeneity, or physiologically relevant spatial dimension. Understanding the advantages and limitations of preclinical models and their applications would enable more reliable prediction of better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy T. Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (D.T.N.); (W.W.S.); (W.G.S.)
| | - Elizabeth Ogando-Rivas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (E.O.-R.); (R.L.); (L.J.); (H.T.); (H.R.M.-G.); (D.A.M.); (J.H.); (E.J.S.)
| | - Ruixuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (E.O.-R.); (R.L.); (L.J.); (H.T.); (H.R.M.-G.); (D.A.M.); (J.H.); (E.J.S.)
| | - Theodore Wang
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Jacob Rubin
- Warrington College of Business, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Linchun Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (E.O.-R.); (R.L.); (L.J.); (H.T.); (H.R.M.-G.); (D.A.M.); (J.H.); (E.J.S.)
| | - Haipeng Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (E.O.-R.); (R.L.); (L.J.); (H.T.); (H.R.M.-G.); (D.A.M.); (J.H.); (E.J.S.)
| | - William W. Sawyer
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (D.T.N.); (W.W.S.); (W.G.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Hector R. Mendez-Gomez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (E.O.-R.); (R.L.); (L.J.); (H.T.); (H.R.M.-G.); (D.A.M.); (J.H.); (E.J.S.)
| | - Matthew Cascio
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Duane A. Mitchell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (E.O.-R.); (R.L.); (L.J.); (H.T.); (H.R.M.-G.); (D.A.M.); (J.H.); (E.J.S.)
| | - Jianping Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (E.O.-R.); (R.L.); (L.J.); (H.T.); (H.R.M.-G.); (D.A.M.); (J.H.); (E.J.S.)
| | - W. Gregory Sawyer
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (D.T.N.); (W.W.S.); (W.G.S.)
| | - Elias J. Sayour
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; (E.O.-R.); (R.L.); (L.J.); (H.T.); (H.R.M.-G.); (D.A.M.); (J.H.); (E.J.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Paul Castillo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
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Ijaola AO, Akamo DO, Damiri F, Akisin CJ, Bamidele EA, Ajiboye EG, Berrada M, Onyenokwe VO, Yang SY, Asmatulu E. Polymeric biomaterials for wound healing applications: a comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1998-2050. [PMID: 35695023 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2088528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds have been a global health threat over the past few decades, requiring urgent medical and research attention. The factors delaying the wound-healing process include obesity, stress, microbial infection, aging, edema, inadequate nutrition, poor oxygenation, diabetes, and implant complications. Biomaterials are being developed and fabricated to accelerate the healing of chronic wounds, including hydrogels, nanofibrous, composite, foam, spongy, bilayered, and trilayered scaffolds. Some recent advances in biomaterials development for healing both chronic and acute wounds are extensively compiled here. In addition, various properties of biomaterials for wound-healing applications and how they affect their performance are reviewed. Based on the recent literature, trilayered constructs appear to be a convincing candidate for the healing of chronic wounds and complete skin regeneration because they mimic the full thickness of skin: epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis. This type of scaffold provides a dense superficial layer, a bioactive middle layer, and a porous lower layer to aid the wound-healing process. The hydrophilicity of scaffolds aids cell attachment, cell proliferation, and protein adhesion. Other scaffold characteristics such as porosity, biodegradability, mechanical properties, and gas permeability help with cell accommodation, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and the release of bioactive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Damilola O Akamo
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Fouad Damiri
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sick, University Hassam II of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | | | | | - Mohammed Berrada
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sick, University Hassam II of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Shang-You Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, Wichita, KS, USA.,Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Eylem Asmatulu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, USA
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67
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Xu Z, Fang Y, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Wei W, Teng C. Hydrogel Development for Rotator Cuff Repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:851660. [PMID: 35782490 PMCID: PMC9240348 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.851660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are common in shoulder disease and disability. Despite significant advances in surgical repair techniques, 20–70% of patients still have postoperative rotator cuff dysfunction. These functional defects may be related to retear or rotator cuff quality deterioration due to tendon retraction and scar tissue at the repair site. As an effective delivery system, hydrogel scaffolds may improve the healing of RCTs and be a useful treatment for irreparable rotator cuff injuries. Although many studies have tested this hypothesis, most are limited to laboratory animal experiments. This review summarizes differences in hydrogel scaffold construction, active ingredients, and application methods in recent research. Efforts to determine the indications of hydrogel scaffolds (with different constructions and cargos) for various types of RCTs, as well as the effectiveness and reliability of application methods and devices, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Yifei Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Yushuang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wei, ; Chong Teng,
| | - Chong Teng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wei, ; Chong Teng,
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68
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Pancaldi F, Kim OV, Weisel JW, Alber M, Xu Z. Computational Biomechanical Modeling of Fibrin Networks and Platelet-Fiber Network Interactions. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 22:100369. [PMID: 35386550 PMCID: PMC8979495 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2022.100369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin deformation and interaction of fibrin with other blood components play critical roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. In this review, computational and mathematical biomechanical models of fibrin network deformation and contraction at different spatio-temporal scales as well as challenges in developing and calibrating multiscale models are discussed. There are long standing challenges. For instance, applicability of models to identify and test potential mechanisms of the biomechanical processes mediating interactions between platelets and fiber networks in blood clot stretching and contraction needs to be examined carefully. How the structural and mechanical properties of major blood clot components influences biomechanical responses of the entire clot subjected to external forces, such as blood flow or vessel wall deformations needs to be investigated thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pancaldi
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92505, USA
- Center for Quantitative Modeling in Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92505, USA
| | - Oleg V. Kim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John W. Weisel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mark Alber
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92505, USA
- Center for Quantitative Modeling in Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92505, USA
| | - Zhiliang Xu
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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Tomasch J, Maleiner B, Heher P, Rufin M, Andriotis OG, Thurner PJ, Redl H, Fuchs C, Teuschl-Woller AH. Changes in Elastic Moduli of Fibrin Hydrogels Within the Myogenic Range Alter Behavior of Murine C2C12 and Human C25 Myoblasts Differently. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:836520. [PMID: 35669058 PMCID: PMC9164127 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.836520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrin hydrogels have proven highly suitable scaffold materials for skeletal muscle tissue engineering in the past. Certain parameters of those types of scaffolds, however, greatly affect cellular mechanobiology and therefore the myogenic outcome. The aim of this study was to identify the influence of apparent elastic properties of fibrin scaffolds in 2D and 3D on myoblasts and evaluate if those effects differ between murine and human cells. Therefore, myoblasts were cultured on fibrin-coated multiwell plates (“2D”) or embedded in fibrin hydrogels (“3D”) with different elastic moduli. Firstly, we established an almost linear correlation between hydrogels’ fibrinogen concentrations and apparent elastic moduli in the range of 7.5 mg/ml to 30 mg/ml fibrinogen (corresponds to a range of 7.7–30.9 kPa). The effects of fibrin hydrogel elastic modulus on myoblast proliferation changed depending on culture type (2D vs 3D) with an inhibitory effect at higher fibrinogen concentrations in 3D gels and vice versa in 2D. The opposite effect was evident in differentiating myoblasts as shown by gene expression analysis of myogenesis marker genes and altered myotube morphology. Furthermore, culture in a 3D environment slowed down proliferation compared to 2D, with a significantly more pronounced effect on human myoblasts. Differentiation potential was also substantially impaired upon incorporation into 3D gels in human, but not in murine, myoblasts. With this study, we gained further insight in the influence of apparent elastic modulus and culture type on cellular behavior and myogenic outcome of skeletal muscle tissue engineering approaches. Furthermore, the results highlight the need to adapt parameters of 3D culture setups established for murine cells when applied to human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Tomasch
- Department Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
- The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Andreas H. Teuschl-Woller,
| | - Babette Maleiner
- Department Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
- The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Heher
- Ludwig Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Rufin
- The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orestis G. Andriotis
- The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp J. Thurner
- The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christiane Fuchs
- The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, MGH, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andreas H. Teuschl-Woller
- Department Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
- The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Andreas H. Teuschl-Woller,
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70
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Milyaeva OY, Rafikova AR. Effect of Low Concentrations of Thrombin on the Dynamic Surface Properties of Fibrinogen Solutions. COLLOID JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x22010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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71
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Rezaei M, Davani F, Alishahi M, Masjedi F. Updates in immunocompatibility of biomaterials: applications for regenerative medicine. Expert Rev Med Devices 2022; 19:353-367. [PMID: 35531761 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2022.2075730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biomaterials, either metallic, ceramic, or polymeric, can be used in medicine as a part of the implants, dialysis membranes, bone scaffolds, or components of artificial organs. Polymeric biomaterials cover a vast range of biomedical applications. The biocompatibility and immunocompatibility of polymeric materials are of fundamental importance for their possible therapeutic uses, as the immune system can intervene in the materials' performance. Therefore, based on application, different routes can be utilized for immunoregulation. AREAS COVERED As different biomaterials can be modulated by different strategies, this study aims to summarize and evaluate the available methods for the immunocompatibility enhancement of more common polymeric biomaterials based on their nature. Different strategies such as surface modification, physical characterization, and drug incorporation are investigated for the immunomodulation of nanoparticles, hydrogels, sponges, and nanofibers. EXPERT OPINION Recently, strategies for triggering appropriate immune responses by functional biomaterials have been highlighted. As most strategies correspond to the physical and surface properties of biomaterials, specific modulation can be conducted for each biomaterial system. Besides, different applications require different modulations of the immune system. In the future, the selection of novel materials and immune regulators can play a role in tuning the immune system for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rezaei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Davani
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Alishahi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Masjedi
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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72
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Xu F, Dawson C, Lamb M, Mueller E, Stefanek E, Akbari M, Hoare T. Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering: Addressing Key Design Needs Toward Clinical Translation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:849831. [PMID: 35600900 PMCID: PMC9119391 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.849831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Chloe Dawson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Makenzie Lamb
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Eva Mueller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Evan Stefanek
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Mohsen Akbari, ; Todd Hoare,
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mohsen Akbari, ; Todd Hoare,
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73
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Bodega F, Sironi C, Zocchi L, Porta C. Optimization of Fibrin Scaffolds to Study Friction in Cultured Mesothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4980. [PMID: 35563371 PMCID: PMC9104594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the friction of cell monolayers avoiding damage due to stress concentration, cells can be cultured on fibrin gels, which have a structure and viscoelasticity similar to that of the extracellular matrix. In the present research, we studied different gel compositions and surface coatings in order to identify the best conditions to measure friction in vitro. We examined the adhesion and growth behavior of mesothelial cell line MET-5A on fibrin gels with different fibrinogen concentrations (15, 20, and 25 mg/mL) and with different adhesion coatings (5 μg/mL fibronectin, 10 μg/mL fibronectin, or 10 μg/mL fibronectin + 10 μg/mL collagen). We also investigated whether different substrates influenced the coefficient of friction and the ability of cells to stick to the gel during sliding. Finally, we studied the degradation rates of gels with and without cells. All substrates tested provided a suitable environment for the adherence and proliferation of mesothelial cells, and friction measurements did not cause significant cell damage or detachment. However, in gels with a lower fibrinogen concentration, cell viability was higher and cell detachment after friction measurement was lower. Fibrinolysis was negligible in all the substrates tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bodega
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Sezione di Fisiologia Umana, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20100 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (L.Z.); (C.P.)
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Yi K, Li Q, Lian X, Wang Y, Tang Z. Utilizing 3D bioprinted platelet-rich fibrin-based materials to promote the regeneration of oral soft tissue. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac021. [PMID: 35558097 PMCID: PMC9086746 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral soft tissue defects remain difficult to treat owing to the limited efficacy of available treatment materials. Although the injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) is a safe, autologous source of high levels of growth factors that is often employed to promote the regeneration of oral soft tissue, its effectiveness is restrained by difficulties in intraoperative shaping together with the burst-like release of growth factors. We herein sought to develop a bioactive bioink composed of i-PRF, alginate and gelatin capable of promoting the regeneration of the oral soft tissue. This bioink was successfully applied in 3D bioprinting and exhibited its ability to be shaped to individual patient needs. Importantly, we were also able to significantly prolong the duration of multiple growth factors release as compared to that observed for i-PRF. The growth factor bioavailability was further confirmed by the enhanced proliferation and viability of printed gingival fibroblasts. When deployed in vivo in nude mice, this bioink was further confirmed to be biocompatible and to drive enhanced angiogenic activity. Together, these data thus confirm the successful production of an i-PRF-containing bioink, which is suitable for the individualized promotion of the regeneration of oral soft tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yi
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100101, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qing Li
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100101, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaodong Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Yapei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Zhihui Tang
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100101, China
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75
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Muire PJ, Thompson MA, Christy RJ, Natesan S. Advances in Immunomodulation and Immune Engineering Approaches to Improve Healing of Extremity Wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4074. [PMID: 35456892 PMCID: PMC9032453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed healing of traumatic wounds often stems from a dysregulated immune response initiated or exacerbated by existing comorbidities, multiple tissue injury or wound contamination. Over decades, approaches towards alleviating wound inflammation have been centered on interventions capable of a collective dampening of various inflammatory factors and/or cells. However, a progressive understanding of immune physiology has rendered deeper knowledge on the dynamic interplay of secreted factors and effector cells following an acute injury. There is a wide body of literature, both in vitro and in vivo, abstracted on the immunomodulatory approaches to control inflammation. Recently, targeted modulation of the immune response via biotechnological approaches and biomaterials has gained attention as a means to restore the pro-healing phenotype and promote tissue regeneration. In order to fully realize the potential of these approaches in traumatic wounds, a critical and nuanced understanding of the relationships between immune dysregulation and healing outcomes is needed. This review provides an insight on paradigm shift towards interventional approaches to control exacerbated immune response following a traumatic injury from an agonistic to a targeted path. We address such a need by (1) providing a targeted discussion of the wound healing processes to assist in the identification of novel therapeutic targets and (2) highlighting emerging technologies and interventions that utilize an immunoengineering-based approach. In addition, we have underscored the importance of immune engineering as an emerging tool to provide precision medicine as an option to modulate acute immune response following a traumatic injury. Finally, an overview is provided on how an intervention can follow through a successful clinical application and regulatory pathway following laboratory and animal model evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti J. Muire
- Combat Wound Care Research Department, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA; (M.A.T.); (R.J.C.)
| | | | | | - Shanmugasundaram Natesan
- Combat Wound Care Research Department, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA; (M.A.T.); (R.J.C.)
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76
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Lijten OW, Rosero Salazar DH, van Erp M, Bronkhorst E, Von den Hoff JW. Effect of niche components on masseter satellite cell differentiation on fibrin coatings. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12849. [PMID: 35020959 PMCID: PMC9303748 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In skeletal muscles, niche factors stimulate satellite cells to activate and induce muscle regeneration after injury. In vitro, matrigel is widely used for myoblast differentiation, however, is unsuitable for clinical applications. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze attachment and differentiation of satellite cells into myotubes on fibrin coatings with selected niche components. The attachment of satellite cells to fibrin alone and fibrin with niche components (laminin, collagen‐IV, laminin‐entactin complex [LEC]) were compared to matrigel. Only on matrigel and fibrin with LEC, Pax7‐positive cells attached well. Then, LEC was selected to analyze proliferation, differentiation, and fusion indices. The proliferation index at day 1 on fibrin‐LEC (22.5%, SD 9.1%) was similar to that on matrigel (30.8% [SD 11.1%]). The differentiation index on fibrin‐LEC (28.7% [SD 6.1%] at day 5 and 32.8% [SD 6.7%] at day 7) was similar to that on matrigel (40.1% [5.1%] at day 5 and 27.1% [SD 4.3%] at day 7). On fibrin‐LEC, the fusion index at day 9 (26.9% [SD 11.5%]) was similar to that on matrigel (25.5% [SD 4.7%]). Our results showed that the addition of LEC enhances the formation of myotubes on fibrin. Fibrin with LEC might be suitable to enhance muscle regeneration after surgery such as cleft palate repair and other muscle defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Willem Lijten
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Doris Haydee Rosero Salazar
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Merijn van Erp
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ewald Bronkhorst
- Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes W Von den Hoff
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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77
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Wang K, Camman M, Mosser G, Haye B, Trichet L, Coradin T. Synthesis of Fibrin-Type I Collagen Biomaterials via an Acidic Gel. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072099. [PMID: 35408498 PMCID: PMC9000341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin-Type I collagen composite gels have been widely studied as biomaterials, in which both networks are usually formed simultaneously at a neutral pH. Here, we describe a new protocol in which mixed concentrated solutions of collagen and fibrinogen were first incubated at acidic pH to induce fibrinogen gel formation, followed by a pH change to neutral inducing collagen fiber formation. Thrombin was then added to form fibrin-collagen networks. Using this protocol, mixed gels containing 20 mg.mL−1 fibrin and up to 10 mg.mL−1 collagen could be prepared. Macroscopic observations evidenced that increasing the content of collagen increases the turbidity of the gels and decreases their shrinkage during the fibrinogen-to-fibrin conversion. The presence of collagen had a minor influence on the rheological properties of the gels. Electron microscopy allowed for observation of collagen fibers within the fibrin network. 2D cultures of C2C12 myoblasts on mixed gels revealed that the presence of collagen favors proliferation and local alignment of the cells. However, it interferes with cell differentiation and myotube formation, suggesting that further control of in-gel collagen self-assembly is required to elaborate fully functional biomaterials.
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78
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Patteson AE, Asp ME, Janmey PA. Materials science and mechanosensitivity of living matter. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 9:011320. [PMID: 35392267 PMCID: PMC8969880 DOI: 10.1063/5.0071648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Living systems are composed of molecules that are synthesized by cells that use energy sources within their surroundings to create fascinating materials that have mechanical properties optimized for their biological function. Their functionality is a ubiquitous aspect of our lives. We use wood to construct furniture, bacterial colonies to modify the texture of dairy products and other foods, intestines as violin strings, bladders in bagpipes, and so on. The mechanical properties of these biological materials differ from those of other simpler synthetic elastomers, glasses, and crystals. Reproducing their mechanical properties synthetically or from first principles is still often unattainable. The challenge is that biomaterials often exist far from equilibrium, either in a kinetically arrested state or in an energy consuming active state that is not yet possible to reproduce de novo. Also, the design principles that form biological materials often result in nonlinear responses of stress to strain, or force to displacement, and theoretical models to explain these nonlinear effects are in relatively early stages of development compared to the predictive models for rubberlike elastomers or metals. In this Review, we summarize some of the most common and striking mechanical features of biological materials and make comparisons among animal, plant, fungal, and bacterial systems. We also summarize some of the mechanisms by which living systems develop forces that shape biological matter and examine newly discovered mechanisms by which cells sense and respond to the forces they generate themselves, which are resisted by their environment, or that are exerted upon them by their environment. Within this framework, we discuss examples of how physical methods are being applied to cell biology and bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E. Patteson
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse NY, 13244, USA
| | - Merrill E. Asp
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse NY, 13244, USA
| | - Paul A. Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Departments of Physiology and Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, 19104, USA
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79
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The transplantation of particulated juvenile allograft cartilage and synovium for the repair of meniscal defect in a lapine model. J Orthop Translat 2022; 33:72-89. [PMID: 35281522 PMCID: PMC8897607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Synovium has been confirmed to be the primary contributor to meniscal repair. Particulated Juvenile Allograft Cartilage (PJAC) has demonstrated promising clinical effect on repairing cartilage. The synergistic effect of synovium and PJAC transplant on meniscal fibrocartilaginous repair is unclear. We hypothesize that the transplantation of synovium and PJAC synergistically facilitates meniscal regeneration and the donor cells within graft tissues still survive in the regenerated tissue at the last follow up (16 weeks postoperatively). Methods The study included 24 mature female rabbits, which were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. A cylindrical full-thickness defect measuring 2.0 mm was prepared in the avascular portion of the anterior horn of medial meniscus in both knees. The synovium and PJAC transplant were harvested from juvenile male rabbits (2 months after birth). The experimental group received synovium and PJAC transplant encapsulated with fibrin gel. The control groups received synovium transplant encapsulated with fibrin gel, pure fibrin gel and nothing. The macroscopic, imageological and histological evaluations of repaired tissue were performed at 8 weeks and 16 weeks postoperatively. The in situ hybridization (ISH) of male-specific sex-determining region Y-linked (SRY) gene was performed to detect the transplanted cells. Results The regenerated tissue in experimental group showed superior structural integrity, superficial smoothness, and marginal integration compared to control groups at 8 weeks or 16 weeks postoperatively. More meniscus-like fibrochondrocytes filled the repaired tissue in the experimental group, and the matrix surrounding these cell clusters demonstrated strongly positive safranin O and type 2 collagen immunohistochemistry staining. By SRY gene ISH, the positive SRY signal of experimental group could be detected at 8 weeks (75.72%, median) and 16 weeks (48.69%, median). The expression of SOX9 in experimental group was the most robust, with median positive rates of 65.52% at 8 weeks and 67.55% at 16 weeks. Conclusion The transplantation of synovium and PJAC synergistically facilitates meniscal regeneration. The donor cells survive for at least 16 weeks in the recipient. The translational potential of this article This study highlighted the positive effect of PJAC and synovium transplant on meniscal repair. We also clarified the potential repair mechanisms reflected by the survival of donor cells and upregulated expression of meniscal fibrochondrocytes related genes. Thus, based on our study, further clinical experiments are needed to investigate synovium and PJAC transplant as a possible treatment to meniscal defects.
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80
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Gupta A, Lee J, Ghosh T, Nguyen VQ, Dey A, Yoon B, Um W, Park JH. Polymeric Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery to Treat Arthritis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:540. [PMID: 35335915 PMCID: PMC8948938 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are disabling musculoskeletal disorders that affect joints and cartilage and may lead to bone degeneration. Conventional delivery of anti-arthritic agents is limited due to short intra-articular half-life and toxicities. Innovations in polymer chemistry have led to advancements in hydrogel technology, offering a versatile drug delivery platform exhibiting tissue-like properties with tunable drug loading and high residence time properties This review discusses the advantages and drawbacks of polymeric materials along with their modifications as well as their applications for fabricating hydrogels loaded with therapeutic agents (small molecule drugs, immunotherapeutic agents, and cells). Emphasis is given to the biological potentialities of hydrogel hybrid systems/micro-and nanotechnology-integrated hydrogels as promising tools. Applications for facile tuning of therapeutic drug loading, maintaining long-term release, and consequently improving therapeutic outcome and patient compliance in arthritis are detailed. This review also suggests the advantages, challenges, and future perspectives of hydrogels loaded with anti-arthritic agents with high therapeutic potential that may alter the landscape of currently available arthritis treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Gupta
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.G.); (J.L.); (T.G.); (V.Q.N.); (A.D.); (B.Y.); (W.U.)
| | - Jungmi Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.G.); (J.L.); (T.G.); (V.Q.N.); (A.D.); (B.Y.); (W.U.)
| | - Torsha Ghosh
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.G.); (J.L.); (T.G.); (V.Q.N.); (A.D.); (B.Y.); (W.U.)
| | - Van Quy Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.G.); (J.L.); (T.G.); (V.Q.N.); (A.D.); (B.Y.); (W.U.)
| | - Anup Dey
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.G.); (J.L.); (T.G.); (V.Q.N.); (A.D.); (B.Y.); (W.U.)
| | - Been Yoon
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.G.); (J.L.); (T.G.); (V.Q.N.); (A.D.); (B.Y.); (W.U.)
| | - Wooram Um
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.G.); (J.L.); (T.G.); (V.Q.N.); (A.D.); (B.Y.); (W.U.)
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.G.); (J.L.); (T.G.); (V.Q.N.); (A.D.); (B.Y.); (W.U.)
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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81
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Safina I, Childress LT, Myneni SR, Vang KB, Biris AS. Cell-Biomaterial Constructs for Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration. Drug Metab Rev 2022; 54:63-94. [PMID: 35129408 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.2025387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, conventional skin grafts, such as full-thickness, split-thickness, and pre-sterilized grafts from human or animal sources, have been at the forefront of skin wound care. However, these conventional grafts are associated with major challenges, including supply shortage, rejection by the immune system, and disease transmission following transplantation. Due to recent progress in nanotechnology and material sciences, advanced artificial skin grafts-based on the fundamental concepts of tissue engineering-are quickly evolving for wound healing and regeneration applications, mainly because they can be uniquely tailored to meet the requirements of specific injuries. Despite tremendous progress in tissue engineering, many challenges and uncertainties still face skin grafts in vivo, such as how to effectively coordinate the interaction between engineered biomaterials and the immune system to prevent graft rejection. Furthermore, in-depth studies on skin regeneration at the molecular level are lacking; as a consequence, the development of novel biomaterial-based systems that interact with the skin at the core level has also been slow. This review will discuss 1) the biological aspects of wound healing and skin regeneration, 2) important characteristics and functions of biomaterials for skin regeneration applications, and 3) synthesis and applications of common biomaterials for skin regeneration. Finally, the current challenges and future directions of biomaterial-based skin regeneration will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Safina
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA
| | - Luke T Childress
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA
| | - Srinivas R Myneni
- Department of Periodontology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - Kieng Bao Vang
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA
| | - Alexandru S Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA
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82
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Quizon MJ, García AJ. Engineering β Cell Replacement Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes: Biomaterial Advances and Considerations for Macroscale Constructs. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 17:485-513. [PMID: 34813353 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-094846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
While significant progress has been made in treatments for type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on exogenous insulin, transplantation of insulin-producing cells (islets or stem cell-derived β cells) remains a promising curative strategy. The current paradigm for T1D cell therapy is clinical islet transplantation (CIT)-the infusion of islets into the liver-although this therapeutic modality comes with its own limitations that deteriorate islet health. Biomaterials can be leveraged to actively address the limitations of CIT, including undesired host inflammatory and immune responses, lack of vascularization, hypoxia, and the absence of native islet extracellular matrix cues. Moreover, in efforts toward a clinically translatable T1D cell therapy, much research now focuses on developing biomaterial platforms at the macroscale, at which implanted platforms can be easily retrieved and monitored. In this review, we discuss how biomaterials have recently been harnessed for macroscale T1D β cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle J Quizon
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA; ,
| | - Andrés J García
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA; ,
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83
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Ozgun A, Lomboni D, Arnott H, Staines WA, Woulfe J, Variola F. Biomaterial-based strategies for in vitro neural models. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1134-1165. [PMID: 35023513 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01361k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In vitro models have been used as a complementary tool to animal studies in understanding the nervous system's physiological mechanisms and pathological disorders, while also serving as platforms to evaluate the safety and efficiency of therapeutic candidates. Following recent advances in materials science, micro- and nanofabrication techniques and cell culture systems, in vitro technologies have been rapidly gaining the potential to bridge the gap between animal and clinical studies by providing more sophisticated models that recapitulate key aspects of the structure, biochemistry, biomechanics, and functions of human tissues. This was made possible, in large part, by the development of biomaterials that provide cells with physicochemical features that closely mimic the cellular microenvironment of native tissues. Due to the well-known material-driven cellular response and the importance of mimicking the environment of the target tissue, the selection of optimal biomaterials represents an important early step in the design of biomimetic systems to investigate brain structures and functions. This review provides a comprehensive compendium of commonly used biomaterials as well as the different fabrication techniques employed for the design of neural tissue models. Furthermore, the authors discuss the main parameters that need to be considered to develop functional platforms not only for the study of brain physiological functions and pathological processes but also for drug discovery/development and the optimization of biomaterials for neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alp Ozgun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David Lomboni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. .,Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering (OCIBME), Ottawa, Canada
| | - Hallie Arnott
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. .,Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering (OCIBME), Ottawa, Canada
| | - William A Staines
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - John Woulfe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Fabio Variola
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering (OCIBME), Ottawa, Canada.,The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), Ottawa, Canada
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84
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Aligned human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac tissue improves contractile properties through promoting unidirectional and synchronous cardiomyocyte contraction. Biomaterials 2021; 281:121351. [PMID: 34979417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alignment, as seen in the native myocardium, is crucial for the fabrication of functional cardiac tissue. However, it remains unclear whether the control of cardiomyocyte alignment influences cardiac function and the underlying mechanisms. We fabricated aligned human cardiac tissue using a micro-processed fibrin gel with inverted V-shaped ridges (MFG) and elucidated the effect of alignment control on contractile properties. When human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) were seeded on MFG, hiPSC-CMs were aligned more uniformly than the control, and we succeeded in fabricating the aligned cardiac tissue. Assessing the contractile properties with the direct contractile measurement system, the contractile force, maximum contractile velocity, and relaxation velocity were significantly increased in aligned cardiac tissue compared with non-aligned cardiac tissue. However, gene expression profiles were not different between the two groups, suggesting that functional improvement of cardiac tissue through alignment control might not be dependent on cardiomyocyte maturation. Motion capture analysis revealed that the cardiomyocytes in the aligned cardiac tissues showed more unidirectional and synchronous contraction than the non-aligned cardiac tissues, indicating that cardiac tissue maturation involves electrical integration of cardiomyocytes. Herein, cardiomyocyte alignment control might improve the contractile properties of cardiac tissue through promoting unidirectional and synchronous cardiomyocyte contraction.
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85
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González García LE, Ninan N, Simon J, Madathiparambil Visalakshan R, Bright R, Wahono SK, Ostrikov K, Mailänder V, Landfester K, Goswami N, Vasilev K. Ultra-small gold nanoclusters assembled on plasma polymer-modified zeolites: a multifunctional nanohybrid with anti-haemorrhagic and anti-inflammatory properties. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19936-19945. [PMID: 34820678 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06591b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hemostatic agents are pivotal for managing clinical and traumatic bleeding during emergency and domestic circumstances. Herein, a novel functional hybrid nanocomposite material consisting of plasma polymer-modified zeolite 13X and ultra-small gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) was fabricated as an efficient hemostatic agent. The surface of zeolite 13X was functionalised with amine groups which served as binding sites for carboxylate terminated AuNCs. Protein corona studies revealed the enhanced adsorption of two proteins, namely, coagulation factors and plasminogen as a result of AuNCs immobilization on the zeolite surface. The immune response studies showed that the hybrid nanocomposites are effective in reducing inflammation, which combined with a greater attachment of vitronectin, may promote wound healing. The hemostatic potential of the nanocomposite could be directly correlated with their immunomodulatory and anti-haemorrhagic properties. Together, the hybrid nanoengineered material developed in this work could provide a new avenue to tackle life-threatening injuries in civilian and other emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E González García
- Academic Unit of STEM, The University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Neethu Ninan
- Academic Unit of STEM, The University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Johanna Simon
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Richard Bright
- Academic Unit of STEM, The University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Satriyo K Wahono
- Research Division for Natural Product Technology, Indonesian Institutes of Sciences, Jl. Jogja-Wonosari km 32, Gading, Playen, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia
| | - Kostya Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nirmal Goswami
- Academic Unit of STEM, The University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
- Materials Chemistry Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Acharya Vihar, Bhubaneswar-751013, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Academic Unit of STEM, The University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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86
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Marinaro F, Silva JM, Barros AA, Aroso IM, Gómez-Blanco JC, Jardin I, Lopez JJ, Pulido M, de Pedro MÁ, Reis RL, Sánchez-Margallo FM, Casado JG, López E. A Fibrin Coating Method of Polypropylene Meshes Enables the Adhesion of Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A New Delivery Strategy for Stem Cell-Based Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13385. [PMID: 34948187 PMCID: PMC8706515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) mesh is well-known as a gold standard of all prosthetic materials of choice for the reinforcement of soft tissues in case of hernia, organ prolapse, and urinary incontinence. The adverse effects that follow surgical mesh implantation remain an unmet medical challenge. Herein, it is outlined a new approach to allow viability and adhesion of human menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MenSCs) on PP surgical meshes. A multilayered fibrin coating, based on fibrinogen and thrombin from a commercial fibrin sealant, was optimized to guarantee a homogeneous and stratified film on PP mesh. MenSCs were seeded on the optimized fibrin-coated meshes and their adhesion, viability, phenotype, gene expression, and immunomodulatory capacity were fully evaluated. This coating guaranteed MenSC viability, adhesion and did not trigger any change in their stemness and inflammatory profile. Additionally, MenSCs seeded on fibrin-coated meshes significantly decreased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation, compared to in vitro stimulated lymphocytes (p < 0.0001). Hence, the proposed fibrin coating for PP surgical meshes may allow the local administration of stromal cells and the reduction of the exacerbated inflammatory response following mesh implantation surgery. Reproducible and easy to adapt to other cell types, this method undoubtedly requires a multidisciplinary and translational approach to be improved for future clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Marinaro
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.G.-B.); (M.P.); (M.Á.d.P.); (E.L.)
| | - Joana M. Silva
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (J.M.S.); (A.A.B.); (I.M.A.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Alexandre A. Barros
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (J.M.S.); (A.A.B.); (I.M.A.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ivo M. Aroso
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (J.M.S.); (A.A.B.); (I.M.A.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Juan C. Gómez-Blanco
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.G.-B.); (M.P.); (M.Á.d.P.); (E.L.)
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Cell Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (I.J.); (J.J.L.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Jose J. Lopez
- Cell Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (I.J.); (J.J.L.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - María Pulido
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.G.-B.); (M.P.); (M.Á.d.P.); (E.L.)
| | - María Ángeles de Pedro
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.G.-B.); (M.P.); (M.Á.d.P.); (E.L.)
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (J.M.S.); (A.A.B.); (I.M.A.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.G.-B.); (M.P.); (M.Á.d.P.); (E.L.)
- Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier G. Casado
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Esther López
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; (J.C.G.-B.); (M.P.); (M.Á.d.P.); (E.L.)
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87
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Maksudov F, Daraei A, Sesha A, Marx KA, Guthold M, Barsegov V. Strength, deformability and toughness of uncrosslinked fibrin fibers from theoretical reconstruction of stress-strain curves. Acta Biomater 2021; 136:327-342. [PMID: 34606991 PMCID: PMC8627496 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Structural mechanisms underlying the mechanical properties of fibrin fibers are elusive. We combined tensile testing of uncrosslinked fibrin polymers in vitro and in silico to explore their material properties. The experimental stress (σ) - strain (ε) curves for fibrin fibers are characterized by elastic deformations with a weaker elastic response for ε<160% due to unraveling of αC tethers and straightening of fibrin protofibrils, and a stronger response for ε>160% owing to unfolding of the coiled coils and γ nodules in fibrin monomers. Fiber rupture for strains ε>212% is due to dissociation of the knob-hole bonds and rupture of D:D interfaces. We developed the Fluctuating Bilinear Spring model to interpret the σ-ε profiles in terms of the free energy for protofibril alignment ΔG0 = 10.1-11.5 kBT, Young's moduli for protofibril alignment Yu = 1.9-3.2 MPa and stretching Ya = 5.7-9.7 MPa, strain scale ε˜≈ 12-40% for fiber rupture, and protofibril cooperativity m= 3.6-8. We applied the model to characterize the fiber strength σcr≈ 12-13 MPa, deformability εcr≈ 222%, and rupture toughness U≈ 9 MJ/m3, and to resolve thermodynamic state functions, 96.9 GJ/mol entropy change for protofibril alignment (at room temperature) and 113.6 GJ/mol enthalpy change for protofibril stretching, which add up to 210.5 GJ/mol free-energy change. Fiber elongation is associated with protofibril dehydration and sliding mechanism to create an ordered protofibril array. Fibrin fibers behave like a hydrogel; protofibril dehydration and water expulsion account for ∼94-98% of the total free-energy changes for fiber elongation and rupture. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Structural mechanisms underlying the mechanical properties of fibrin fibers, major components of blood clots and obstructive thrombi, are elusive. We performed tensile testing of uncrosslinked fibrin polymers in vitro and in silico to explore their material properties. Fluctuating Bilinear Spring theory was developed to interpret the stress-strain profiles in terms of the energy for protofibril alignment, elastic moduli for protofibril alignment and stretching, and strain scale for fiber rupture, and to probe the limits of fiber strength, extensibility and toughness. Fibrin fibers behave like a hydrogel. Fiber elongation is defined by the protofibril dehydration and sliding. Structural rearrangements in water matrix control fiber elasticity. These results contribute to fundamental understanding of blood clot breakage that underlies thrombotic embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhad Maksudov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, United States
| | - Ali Daraei
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, United States
| | - Anuj Sesha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, United States
| | - Kenneth A Marx
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, United States
| | - Martin Guthold
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, United States.
| | - Valeri Barsegov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, United States.
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88
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The Extracellular Matrix Environment of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Determines Cancer Associated Fibroblast Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235873. [PMID: 34884982 PMCID: PMC8657052 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common kidney cancer and is often caused by mutations in the oxygen-sensing machinery of kidney epithelial cells. Due to its pseudo-hypoxic state, ccRCC recruits extensive vasculature and other stromal components. Conventional cell culture methods provide poor representation of stromal cell types in primary cultures of ccRCC, and we hypothesized that mimicking the extracellular environment of the tumor would promote growth of both tumor and stromal cells. We employed proteomics to identify the components of ccRCC extracellular matrix (ECM) and found that in contrast to healthy kidney cortex, laminin, collagen IV, and entactin/nidogen are minor contributors. Instead, the ccRCC ECM is composed largely of collagen VI, fibronectin, and tenascin C. Analysis of single cell expression data indicates that cancer-associated fibroblasts are a major source of tumor ECM production. Tumor cells as well as stromal cells bind efficiently to a nine-component ECM blend characteristic of ccRCC. Primary patient-derived tumor cells bind the nine-component blend efficiently, allowing to us to establish mixed primary cultures of tumor cells and stromal cells. These miniature patient-specific replicas are conducive to microscopy and can be used to analyze interactions between cells in a model tumor microenvironment.
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89
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Augustine E, Deng P, Mou C, Okamura M, Woolley B, Horowitz M, Bettinger CJ. Control Release and Diffusion-Reaction Kinetics of Genipin-Eluting Fibers Using an in Vitro Aneurysm Flow Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5144-5153. [PMID: 34597026 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The minimally invasive treatment of intracranial aneurysms by endovascular coiling is attractive yet faces challenges related to the degradation of fibrin clots in the aneurysm sac over time. Fibrin gels cross-linked with genipin exhibit enhanced mechanical and chemical stability, but there are many unknowns related to best practices for delivery from endovascular devices and subsequent integration of cross-linkers with the nascent clot. Here, we describe the in vitro characterization of genipin-eluting polymer fibers prepared by coextrusion with poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate). Genipin incorporation and release from these fibers are characterized by various gravimetric and spectroscopic techniques. Genipin release adheres to Higuchi kinetics with Higuchi constants varying between (2.44 ± 0.83) × 10-7 and (8.41 ± 0.82) × 10-7 mol·h-0.5 depending on genipin loading and vinyl acetate concentration in the polymer matrix. The diffusion-reaction kinetics of genipin released from polymeric fibers within fibrin hydrogels was investigated using an in vitro aneurysm flow model. Spatiotemporal maps of genipin cross-linking density in fibrin gels produced by absorbance measurements suggest that genipin cross-link concentrations up to 9,993.87 ± 909.01 μM can be achieved. This work describes relevant diffusion-reaction parameters of genipin in fibrin gels and establishes the viability of genipin-eluting fibers as a platform for improving endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Augustine
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Puqing Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Chenchen Mou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Malia Okamura
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Brian Woolley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michael Horowitz
- First Coast Neurosurgery, 1887 Kingsley Avenue, Suite 1900, Orange Park, Florida 32073, United States
| | - Christopher J Bettinger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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90
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Nelson DW, Gilbert RJ. Extracellular Matrix-Mimetic Hydrogels for Treating Neural Tissue Injury: A Focus on Fibrin, Hyaluronic Acid, and Elastin-Like Polypeptide Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101329. [PMID: 34494398 PMCID: PMC8599642 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neurological and functional recovery is limited following central nervous system injury and severe injury to the peripheral nervous system. Extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic hydrogels are of particular interest as regenerative scaffolds for the injured nervous system as they provide 3D bioactive interfaces that modulate cellular response to the injury environment and provide naturally degradable scaffolding for effective tissue remodeling. In this review, three unique ECM-mimetic hydrogels used in models of neural injury are reviewed: fibrin hydrogels, which rely on a naturally occurring enzymatic gelation, hyaluronic acid hydrogels, which require chemical modification prior to chemical crosslinking, and elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) hydrogels, which exhibit a temperature-sensitive gelation. The hydrogels are reviewed by summarizing their unique biological properties, their use as drug depots, and their combination with other biomaterials, such as electrospun fibers and nanoparticles. This review is the first to focus on these three ECM-mimetic hydrogels for their use in neural tissue engineering. Additionally, this is the first review to summarize the use of ELP hydrogels for nervous system applications. ECM-mimetic hydrogels have shown great promise in preclinical models of neural injury and future advancements in their design and use can likely lead to viable treatments for patients with neural injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek W Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Ryan J Gilbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
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91
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Takeishi N, Shigematsu T, Enosaki R, Ishida S, Ii S, Wada S. Development of a mesoscopic framework spanning nanoscale protofibril dynamics to macro-scale fibrin clot formation. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20210554. [PMID: 34753310 PMCID: PMC8580471 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombi form a micro-scale fibrin network consisting of an interlinked structure of nanoscale protofibrils, resulting in haemostasis. It is theorized that the mechanical effect of the fibrin clot is caused by the polymeric protofibrils between crosslinks, or to their dynamics on a nanoscale order. Despite a number of studies, however, it is still unknown, how the nanoscale protofibril dynamics affect the formation of the macro-scale fibrin clot and thus its mechanical properties. A mesoscopic framework would be useful to tackle this multi-scale problem, but it has not yet been established. We thus propose a minimal mesoscopic model for protofibrils based on Brownian dynamics, and performed numerical simulations of protofibril aggregation. We also performed stretch tests of polymeric protofibrils to quantify the elasticity of fibrin clots. Our model results successfully captured the conformational properties of aggregated protofibrils, e.g., strain-hardening response. Furthermore, the results suggest that the bending stiffness of individual protofibrils increases to resist extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Takeishi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Taiki Shigematsu
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ryogo Enosaki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shunichi Ishida
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ii
- Graduate School of Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Shigeo Wada
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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92
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Willson K, Atala A, Yoo JJ. Bioprinting Au Natural: The Biologics of Bioinks. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1593. [PMID: 34827591 PMCID: PMC8615908 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of appropriate bioinks is a complex task, dependent on the mechanical and biochemical requirements of the final construct and the type of printer used for fabrication. The two most common tissue printers are micro-extrusion and digital light projection printers. Here we briefly discuss the required characteristics of a bioink for each of these printing processes. However, physical printing is only a short window in the lifespan of a printed construct-the system must support and facilitate cellular development after it is printed. To that end, we provide a broad overview of some of the biological molecules currently used as bioinks. Each molecule has advantages for specific tissues/cells, and potential disadvantages are discussed, along with examples of their current use in the field. Notably, it is stressed that active researchers are trending towards the use of composite bioinks. Utilizing the strengths from multiple materials is highlighted as a key component of bioink development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James J. Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA; (K.W.); (A.A.)
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93
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Rios-Galacho M, Martinez-Moreno D, López-Ruiz E, Galvez-Martin P, Marchal JA. An overview on the manufacturing of functional and mature cellular skin substitutes. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:1035-1052. [PMID: 34652978 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There are different types of skin diseases due to chronic injuries that impede the natural healing process of the skin. Tissue engineering (TE) has focused on the development of bioengineered skin or skin substitutes that cover the wound, providing the necessary care to restore the functionality of injured skin. There are two types of substitutes: acellular skin substitutes (ASSs), which offer a low response of the body, and cellular skin substitutes (CSSs), which incorporate living cells and appear as a great alternative in the treatment of skin injuries due to them presenting a greater interaction and integration with the rest of the body. For the development of a CSS, it is necessary to select the most suitable biomaterials, cell components, and methodology of biofabrication for the wound to be treated. Moreover, these CSSs are immature substitutes that must undergo a maturing process in specific bioreactors, guaranteeing their functionality. The bioreactor simulates the natural state of maturation of the skin by controlling parameters such as temperature, pressure, or humidity, allowing a homogeneous maturation of the CSSs in an aseptic environment. The use of bioreactors not only contributes to the maturation of the CSSs, but also offers a new way of obtaining large sections of skin substitutes or natural skin from small portions acquired from the patient, donor, or substitute. Based on the innovation of this technology and the need to develop efficient CSSs, this work offers an update on bioreactor technology in the field of skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena López-Ruiz
- Universidad de Jaen, 16747, Department of Health Sciences, Jaen, Andalucía, Spain;
| | | | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- University of Granada, humqn Anatomy and embriology, avd del conocimiento nº 11, Granada, Granada, Spain, 18016;
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94
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Acuna A, Jimenez JM, Deneke N, Rothenberger SM, Libring S, Solorio L, Rayz VL, Davis CS, Calve S. Design and validation of a modular micro-robotic system for the mechanical characterization of soft tissues. Acta Biomater 2021; 134:466-476. [PMID: 34303012 PMCID: PMC8542608 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of tissues are critical design parameters for biomaterials and regenerative therapies seeking to restore functionality after disease or injury. Characterizing the mechanical properties of native tissues and extracellular matrix throughout embryonic development helps us understand the microenvironments that promote growth and remodeling, activities critical for biomaterials to support. The mechanical characterization of small, soft materials like the embryonic tissues of the mouse, an established mammalian model for development, is challenging due to difficulties in handling minute geometries and resolving forces of low magnitude. While uniaxial tensile testing is the physiologically relevant modality to characterize tissues that are loaded in tension in vivo, there are no commercially available instruments that can simultaneously measure sufficiently low tensile force magnitudes, directly measure sample deformation, keep samples hydrated throughout testing, and effectively grip minute geometries to test small tissues. To address this gap, we developed a micromanipulator and spring system that can mechanically characterize small, soft materials under tension. We demonstrate the capability of this system to measure the force contribution of soft materials, silicone, fibronectin sheets, and fibrin gels with a 5 nN - 50 µN force resolution and perform a variety of mechanical tests. Additionally, we investigated murine embryonic tendon mechanics, demonstrating the instrument can measure differences in mechanics of small, soft tissues as a function of developmental stage. This system can be further utilized to mechanically characterize soft biomaterials and small tissues and provide physiologically relevant parameters for designing scaffolds that seek to emulate native tissue mechanics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The mechanical properties of cellular microenvironments are critical parameters that contribute to the modulation of tissue growth and remodeling. The field of tissue engineering endeavors to recapitulate these microenvironments in order to construct tissues de novo. Therefore, it is crucial to uncover the mechanical properties of the cellular microenvironment during tissue formation. Here, we present a system capable of acquiring microscale forces and optically measuring sample deformation to calculate the stress-strain response of soft, embryonic tissues under tension, and easily adaptable to accommodate biomaterials of various sizes and stiffnesses. Altogether, this modular system enables researchers to probe the unknown mechanical properties of soft tissues throughout development to inform the engineering of physiologically relevant microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Acuna
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Julian M Jimenez
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Naomi Deneke
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, Neil Armstrong Hall of Engineering, 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Sean M Rothenberger
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Sarah Libring
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Luis Solorio
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 201 South Street, West Lafayette, IN 47906, United States
| | - Vitaliy L Rayz
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Chelsea S Davis
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, Neil Armstrong Hall of Engineering, 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Sarah Calve
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Boulder, 1111 Engineering Center, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, United States.
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95
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Jin H, Quesada C, Aliabouzar M, Kripfgans OD, Franceschi RT, Liu J, Putnam AJ, Fabiilli ML. Release of basic fibroblast growth factor from acoustically-responsive scaffolds promotes therapeutic angiogenesis in the hind limb ischemia model. J Control Release 2021; 338:773-783. [PMID: 34530052 PMCID: PMC8526405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pro-angiogenic growth factors have been studied as potential therapeutics for cardiovascular diseases like critical limb ischemia (CLI). However, the translation of these factors has remained a challenge, in part, due to problems associated with safe and effective delivery. Here, we describe a hydrogel-based delivery system for growth factors where release is modulated by focused ultrasound (FUS), specifically a mechanism termed acoustic droplet vaporization. With these fibrin-based, acoustically-responsive scaffolds (ARSs), release of a growth factor is non-invasively and spatiotemporally-controlled in an on-demand manner using non-thermal FUS. In vitro studies demonstrated sustained release of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) from the ARSs using repeated applications of FUS. In in vivo studies, ARSs containing bFGF were implanted in mice following induction of hind limb ischemia, a preclinical model of CLI. During the 4-week study, mice in the ARS + FUS group longitudinally exhibited significantly more perfusion and less visible necrosis compared to other experimental groups. Additionally, significantly greater angiogenesis and less fibrosis were observed for the ARS + FUS group. Overall, these results highlight a promising, FUS-based method of delivering a pro-angiogenic growth factor for stimulating angiogenesis and reperfusion in a cardiovascular disease model. More broadly, these results could be used to personalize the delivery of therapeutics in different regenerative applications by actively controlling the release of a growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Jin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carole Quesada
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mitra Aliabouzar
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Oliver D Kripfgans
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Renny T Franceschi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Dental School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andrew J Putnam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mario L Fabiilli
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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96
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Ogunnaike EA, Valdivia A, Yazdimamaghani M, Leon E, Nandi S, Hudson H, Du H, Khagi S, Gu Z, Savoldo B, Ligler FS, Hingtgen S, Dotti G. Fibrin gel enhances the antitumor effects of chimeric antigen receptor T cells in glioblastoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg5841. [PMID: 34613775 PMCID: PMC8494441 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg5841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Regional delivery of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in glioblastoma represents a rational therapeutic approach as an alternative to intravenous administration to avoid the blood-brain barrier impediment. Here, we developed a fibrin gel that accommodates CAR-T cell loading and promotes their gradual release. Using a model of subtotal glioblastoma resection, we demonstrated that the fibrin-based gel delivery of CAR-T cells within the surgical cavity enables superior antitumor activity compared to CAR-T cells directly inoculated into the tumor resection cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edikan A. Ogunnaike
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alain Valdivia
- Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mostafa Yazdimamaghani
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ernesto Leon
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Seema Nandi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Hannah Hudson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hongwei Du
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Simon Khagi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Barbara Savoldo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Frances S. Ligler
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shawn Hingtgen
- Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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97
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Bobylev D, Wilhelmi M, Lau S, Klingenberg M, Mlinaric M, Petená E, Helms F, Hassel T, Haverich A, Horke A, Böer U. Pressure-compacted and spider silk-reinforced fibrin demonstrates sufficient biomechanical stability as cardiac patch in vitro. J Biomater Appl 2021; 36:1126-1136. [PMID: 34617818 DOI: 10.1177/08853282211046800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The generation of bio-/hemocompatible cardiovascular patches with sufficient stability and regenerative potential remains an unmet goal. Thus, the aim of this study was the generation and in vitro biomechanical evaluation of a novel cardiovascular patch composed of pressure-compacted fibrin with embedded spider silk cocoons. METHODS Fibrin-based patches were cast in a customized circular mold. One cocoon of Nephila odulis spider silk was embedded per patch during the casting process. After polymerization, the fibrin clot was compacted by 2 kg weight for 30 min resulting in thickness reduction from up to 2 cm to <1 mm. Tensile strength and burst pressure was determined after 0 weeks and 14 weeks of storage. A sewing strength test and a long-term load test were performed using a customized device to exert physiological pulsatile stretching of a silicon surface on which the patch had been sutured. RESULTS Fibrin patches resisted supraphysiological pressures of well over 2000 mmHg. Embedding of spider silk increased tensile force 1.8-fold and tensile strength 1.45-fold (p < .001), resulting in a final strength of 1.07 MPa and increased sewing strength. Storage for 14 weeks decreased tensile strength, but not significantly and suturing properties of the spider silk patches were satisfactory. The long-term load test indicated that the patches were stable for 4 weeks although slight reduction in patch material was observed. CONCLUSION The combination of compacted fibrin matrices and spider silk cocoons may represent a feasible concept to generate stable and biocompatible cardiovascular patches with regenerative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Bobylev
- Department of Cardiacthoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, 9177Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Wilhelmi
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, 14966St. Bernward Hospital, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Skadi Lau
- Department of Cardiacthoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, 9177Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Klingenberg
- Department of Cardiacthoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, 9177Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Mlinaric
- Institute for Material Science, University of Hannover, Garbsen, Germany
| | - Elena Petená
- Department of Cardiacthoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, 9177Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Helms
- Department of Cardiacthoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, 9177Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Hassel
- Institute for Material Science, University of Hannover, Garbsen, Germany
| | - Axel Haverich
- Department of Cardiacthoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, 9177Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Horke
- Department of Cardiacthoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, 9177Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrike Böer
- Department of Cardiacthoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, 9177Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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98
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Christiani T, Mys K, Dyer K, Kadlowec J, Iftode C, Vernengo AJ. Using embedded alginate microparticles to tune the properties of in situ forming poly( N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin sulfate bioadhesive hydrogels for replacement and repair of the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. JOR Spine 2021; 4:e1161. [PMID: 34611588 PMCID: PMC8479524 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain is a major public health issue associated with degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD). The early stages of degeneration are characterized by the dehydration of the central, gelatinous portion of the IVD, the nucleus pulposus (NP). One possible treatment approach is to replace the NP in the early stages of IVD degeneration with a hydrogel that restores healthy biomechanics while supporting tissue regeneration. The present study evaluates a novel thermosensitive hydrogel based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-graft-chondroitin sulfate) (PNIPAAM-g-CS) for NP replacement. The hypothesis was tested that the addition of freeze-dried, calcium crosslinked alginate microparticles (MPs) to aqueous solutions of PNIPAAm-g-CS would enable tuning of the rheological properties of the injectable solution, as well as the bioadhesive and mechanical properties of the thermally precipitated composite gel. Further, we hypothesized that the composite would support encapsulated cell viability and differentiation. Structure-material property relationships were evaluated by varying MP concentration and diameter. The addition of high concentrations (50 mg/mL) of small MPs (20 ± 6 μm) resulted in the greatest improvement in injectability, compressive mechanical properties, and bioadhesive strength of PNIPAAm-g-CS. This combination of PNIPAAM-g-CS and alginate MPs supported the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells toward an NP-like phenotype in the presence of soluble GDF-6. When implanted ex vivo into the intradiscal cavity of degenerated porcine IVDs, the formulation restored the compressive and neutral zone stiffnesses to intact values and resisted expulsion under lateral bending. Overall, results indicate the potential of the hydrogel composite to serve as a scaffold for supporting NP regeneration. This work uniquely demonstrates that encapsulation of re-hydrating polysaccharide-based MPs may be an effective method for improving key functional properties of in situ forming hydrogels for orthopedic tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Christiani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
| | - Karen Mys
- AO Research Institute DavosDavosSwitzerland
| | - Karl Dyer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
| | - Jennifer Kadlowec
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Baldwin Wallace UniversityBereaOhioUSA
| | - Cristina Iftode
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
| | - Andrea Jennifer Vernengo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
- AO Research Institute DavosDavosSwitzerland
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
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99
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Roosa CA, Muhamed I, Young AT, Nellenbach K, Daniele MA, Ligler FS, Brown AC. Synthesis of sonicated fibrin nanoparticles that modulate fibrin clot polymerization and enhance angiogenic responses. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 204:111805. [PMID: 33964527 PMCID: PMC8217261 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds can occur when the healing process is disrupted and the wound remains in a prolonged inflammatory stage that leads to severe tissue damage and poor healing outcomes. Clinically used treatments, such as high density, FDA-approved fibrin sealants, do not provide an optimal environment for native cell proliferation and subsequent tissue regeneration. Therefore, new treatments outside the confines of these conventional fibrin bulk gel therapies are required. We have previously developed flowable, low-density fibrin nanoparticles that, when coupled to keratinocyte growth factor, promote cell migration and epithelial wound closure in vivo. Here, we report a new high throughput method for generating the fibrin nanoparticles using probe sonication, which is less time intensive than the previously reported microfluidic method, and investigate the ability of the sonicated fibrin nanoparticles (SFBN) to promote clot formation and cell migration in vitro. The SFBNs can form a fibrin gel when combined with fibrinogen in the absence of exogenous thrombin, and the polymerization rate and fiber density in these fibrin clots is tunable based on SFBN concentration. Furthermore, fibrin gels made with SFBNs support cell migration in an in vitro angiogenic sprouting assay, which is relevant for wound healing. In this report, we show that SFBNs may be a promising wound healing therapy that can be easily produced and delivered in a flowable formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen A Roosa
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and UNC Chapel-Hill, Raleigh, NC, United States; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Ismaeel Muhamed
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and UNC Chapel-Hill, Raleigh, NC, United States; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Ashlyn T Young
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and UNC Chapel-Hill, Raleigh, NC, United States; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Kimberly Nellenbach
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and UNC Chapel-Hill, Raleigh, NC, United States; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Michael A Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and UNC Chapel-Hill, Raleigh, NC, United States; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Frances S Ligler
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and UNC Chapel-Hill, Raleigh, NC, United States; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Ashley C Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and UNC Chapel-Hill, Raleigh, NC, United States; Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
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100
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Hameed P, Manivasagam G. An overview of bio-actuation in collagen hydrogels: a mechanobiological phenomenon. Biophys Rev 2021; 13:387-403. [PMID: 34178172 PMCID: PMC8214648 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their congruity with the native extracellular matrix and their ability to assist in soft tissue repair, hydrogels have been touted as a matrix mimicking biomaterial. Hydrogels are one of the prevalent scaffolds used for 3D cell culture. They can exhibit actuation in response to various stimuli like a magnetic field, electric field, mechanical force, temperature, or pH. In 3D cell culture, the traction exerted by cells on hydrogel can induce non-periodic mechanobiological movements (shrinking or folding) called 'bio-actuation'. Interestingly, this hydrogel 'tropism' phenomenon in 3D cell cultures can be exploited to devise hydrogel-cell-based actuators for tissue engineering. This review briefs about the discrepancies in 2D vs. 3D cell culturing on hydrogels and discusses on different types of cell migration occurring inside the hydrogel matrix. It substantiates the role of mechanical stimuli (such as stiffness) exhibited by the collagen-based hydrogel used for 3D cell culture and its influence in governing the lineage commitment of stem cells. Lastly, the review also audits the cytoskeleton proteins present in cells responsible for influencing the actuation of collagen hydrogel and also elaborates on the cellular signaling pathways responsible for actuation of collagen hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearlin Hameed
- Centre for Biomaterials Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 India
| | - Geetha Manivasagam
- Centre for Biomaterials Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 India
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