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Radtke A, Grodzicka M, Ehlert M, Muzioł TM, Szkodo M, Bartmański M, Piszczek P. Studies on Silver Ions Releasing Processes and Mechanical Properties of Surface-Modified Titanium Alloy Implants. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123962. [PMID: 30544865 PMCID: PMC6321524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the surface of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) and titanium alloy modified by titania nanotube layer (Ti6Al4V/TNT) substrates were produced by the chemical vapor deposition method (CVD) using a novel precursor of the formula [Ag₅(O₂CC₂F₅)₅(H₂O)₃]. The structure and volatile properties of this compound were determined using single crystal X-ray diffractometry, variable temperature IR spectrophotometry (VT IR), and electron inducted mass spectrometry (EI MS). The morphology and the structure of the produced Ti6Al4V/AgNPs and Ti6Al4V/TNT/AgNPs composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Moreover, measurements of hardness, Young's modulus, adhesion, wettability, and surface free energy have been carried out. The ability to release silver ions from the surface of produced nanocomposite materials immersed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution has been estimated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results of our studies proved the usefulness of the CVD method to enrich of the Ti6Al4V/TNT system with silver nanoparticles. Among the studied surface-modified titanium alloy implants, the better nano-mechanical properties were noticed for the Ti6Al4V/TNT/AgNPs composite in comparison to systems non-enriched by AgNPs. The location of silver nanoparticles inside of titania nanotubes caused their lowest release rate, which may indicate suitable properties on the above-mentioned type of the composite for the construction of implants with a long term antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd. Jurija Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Marlena Grodzicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd. Jurija Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Michalina Ehlert
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd. Jurija Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Tadeusz M Muzioł
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Marek Szkodo
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Michał Bartmański
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Piotr Piszczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Nano-Implant Ltd. Jurija Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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Quercitrin Nanocoated Implant Surfaces Reduce Osteoclast Activity In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113319. [PMID: 30366383 PMCID: PMC6274788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect on osteoclast activity in vitro and in vivo of titanium implants that were coated with quercitrin was evaluated. Titanium surfaces were covalently coated with the flavonoid quercitrin. The effect of the surfaces on osteoclastogenesis was first tested in vitro on RAW264.7 cells that were supplemented with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) to generate osteoclast-like cells by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) inmunostaining after five days of culture, and by analysis of the mRNA expression levels of markers related to bone resorption after seven days of culture. A rabbit tibial model was used to evaluate the in vivo biological response to the implant surfaces after eight weeks of healing, analyzing the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in the wound fluid that were present at the implant interface and the peri-implant bone mRNA expression levels of several markers related to inflammation, bone resorption and osteoblast-osteoclast interaction. No differences between groups and control surfaces were found in the wound fluid analyses. Moreover, quercitrin implant surfaces significantly decreased the expression of osteoclast related genes in vitro (Trap, CalcR, Ctsk, H⁺ATPase, Mmp9) and in vivo (Ctsk, H⁺ATPase, Mmp9) as well as the expression of RankL in vivo. Moreover, quercitrin surfaces were not cytotoxic for the cells. Thus, quercitrin implant surfaces were biocompatible and decreased osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in vivo. This could be used to improve the performance of dental implants.
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Rasouli R, Barhoum A, Uludag H. A review of nanostructured surfaces and materials for dental implants: surface coating, patterning and functionalization for improved performance. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:1312-1338. [PMID: 29744496 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00021b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The emerging field of nanostructured implants has enormous scope in the areas of medical science and dental implants. Surface nanofeatures provide significant potential solutions to medical problems by the introduction of better biomaterials, improved implant design, and surface engineering techniques such as coating, patterning, functionalization and molecular grafting at the nanoscale. This review is of an interdisciplinary nature, addressing the history and development of dental implants and the emerging area of nanotechnology in dental implants. After a brief introduction to nanotechnology in dental implants and the main classes of dental implants, an overview of different types of nanomaterials (i.e. metals, metal oxides, ceramics, polymers and hydrides) used in dental implant together with their unique properties, the influence of elemental compositions, and surface morphologies and possible applications are presented from a chemical point of view. In the core of this review, the dental implant materials, physical and chemical fabrication techniques and the role of nanotechnology in achieving ideal dental implants have been discussed. Finally, the critical parameters in dental implant design and available data on the current dental implant surfaces that use nanotopography in clinical dentistry have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahimeh Rasouli
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sayardoust S, Omar O, Norderyd O, Thomsen P. Implant-associated gene expression in the jaw bone of smokers and nonsmokers: A human study using quantitative qPCR. Clin Oral Implants Res 2018; 29:937-953. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shariel Sayardoust
- Department of Biomaterials; Institute of Clinical Sciences; Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Periodontology; Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; Jönköping Sweden
| | - Omar Omar
- Department of Biomaterials; Institute of Clinical Sciences; Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Ola Norderyd
- Department of Periodontology; Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education; Jönköping Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials; Institute of Clinical Sciences; Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
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Pellegrini G, Francetti L, Barbaro B, del Fabbro M. Novel surfaces and osseointegration in implant dentistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 9:e12349. [DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Pellegrini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences; University of the Study of Milan; Milan Italy
- Institute of Hospitalization and Care with a Scientific Character (IRCCS) Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Luca Francetti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences; University of the Study of Milan; Milan Italy
- Institute of Hospitalization and Care with a Scientific Character (IRCCS) Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Bruno Barbaro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences; University of the Study of Milan; Milan Italy
- Institute of Hospitalization and Care with a Scientific Character (IRCCS) Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Massimo del Fabbro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences; University of the Study of Milan; Milan Italy
- Institute of Hospitalization and Care with a Scientific Character (IRCCS) Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute; Milan Italy
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Wang Y, Zhang C, Xu W, Wang B, Lan Y, Yu M, Wang P, Xie Z. The effect of surface immobilized NBD peptide on osteoclastogenesis of rough titanium plates in vitro and osseointegration of rough titanium implants in ovariectomized rats in vivo. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22853-22865. [PMID: 35539717 PMCID: PMC9081414 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful osseointegration in dental implants depends on balanced activation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Osteoporosis up-regulates osteoclast activity, so it is desirable to find effective interventions to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and enhance the osseointegration of implants under these conditions. It has been reported that the NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO)-binding domain (NBD) peptide can prevent osteoclast formation and bone resorption. In this study, we conjugated NBD peptide onto the surface of rough pure titanium (Ti) using the layer by layer technique. We analyzed the surface characteristics and determined the successful NBD integration by the presence of trivial granular structures, increased S elements and hydrophilia. Importantly, we first reported that Ti surface-conjugated NBD peptide retained its inhibitory effects on osteoclastogenesis by reducing osteoclast sealing zone formation and function. These effects were mediated by a reduction in NFATc1 expression, which in turn regulated integrin ανβ3 and MMP9 by targeting the P65 signaling pathway. In vivo TRAP staining suggested NBD-coating decreased osteoclast formation with less pseudopodia. Micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis demonstrated that NBD-coating enhanced pronounced osseointegration in vivo in ovariectomized rats. This study holds great promise for in vivo use of immobilized NBD peptide and offers an effective therapeutic approach to select more suitable Ti-implant surface modifications for improving implant osseointegration in osteoporotic patients. Successful osseointegration in dental implants depends on balanced activation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Weijian Xu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Baixiang Wang
- Department of Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Yanhua Lan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Mengfei Yu
- Department of Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Pinger Wang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhijian Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University Hangzhou P. R. China
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Lennerås M, Ekström K, Vazirisani F, Shah FA, Junevik K, Thomsen P, Omar O. Interactions between monocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and implants evaluated using flow cytometry and gene expression. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:1728-1741. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lennerås
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Karin Ekström
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Forugh Vazirisani
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Furqan A. Shah
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Katarina Junevik
- Department of Clinical Chemistry; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Omar Omar
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy; Gothenburg Sweden
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Resonance Frequency Analysis of Dental Implants With 2 Types of Surface Treatment Submitted to Immediate Loading. IMPLANT DENT 2018; 27:282-287. [DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Palmquist A. A multiscale analytical approach to evaluate osseointegration. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:60. [PMID: 29736606 PMCID: PMC5938308 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Osseointegrated implants are frequently used in reconstructive surgery, both in the dental and orthopedic field, restoring physical function and improving the quality of life for the patients. The bone anchorage is typically evaluated at micrometer resolution, while bone tissue is a dynamic composite material composed of nanoscale collagen fibrils and apatite crystals, with defined hierarchical levels at different length scales. In order to understand the bone formation and the ultrastructure of the interfacial tissue, analytical strategies needs to be implemented enabling multiscale and multimodal analyses of the intact interface. This paper describes a sample preparation route for successive analyses allowing assessment of the different hierarchical levels of interest, going from macro to nano scale and could be implemented on single samples. Examples of resulting analyses of different techniques on one type of implant surface is given, with emphasis on correlating the length scale between the different techniques. The bone-implant interface shows an intimate contact between mineralized collagen bundles and the outermost surface of the oxide layer, while bone mineral is found in the nanoscale surface features creating a functionally graded interface. Osteocytes exhibit a direct contact with the implant surface via canaliculi that house their dendritic processes. Blood vessels are frequently found in close proximity to the implant surface either within the mineralized bone matrix or at regions of remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Palmquist
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Ran Q, Yang W, Hu Y, Shen X, Yu Y, Xiang Y, Cai K. Osteogenesis of 3D printed porous Ti6Al4V implants with different pore sizes. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 84:1-11. [PMID: 29709846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques that manufacturing versatile porous scaffolds with precise architectures for potential orthopedic application. To understand how the pore sizes of porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds affect their biological performances, we designed and fabricated porous Ti6Al4V implants with straightforward pore dimensions (500, 700, and 900 µm) via SLM, termed as p500, p700, and p900 respectively. The morphological characteristics of Ti6Al4V scaffolds were assessed showing that the actual pore sizes of these scaffolds were 401 ± 26 µm, 607 ± 24 µm, 801 ± 33 µm, respectively. The mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V scaffolds were also evaluated showing that they were comparable to that of bone tissues. Meanwhile, the effect of pore size on biological responses was systematically investigated in vitro and in vivo. It was verified that 3D printing technique was able to fabricate porous Ti6Al4V implants with proper mechanical properties analogous to human bone. The in vitro results revealed that scaffolds with appropriate pore dimension were conducive to cell adhesion, proliferation and early differentiation. Furthermore, the porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds were implanted into the rabbit femur to investigate bone regeneration performance, the in vivo experiment showed the p700 sample was in favor of bone ingrowth into implant pores and bone-implant fixation stability. Taken together, the biological performance of p700 group with actual pore size of about 600 µm was superior to other two groups. The obtained findings provide basis to individually design and fabricate suitable porous Ti6Al4V with specific geometries for orthopedic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichun Ran
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Weihu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Xinkun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yonglin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
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Bosshardt DD, Chappuis V, Buser D. Osseointegration of titanium, titanium alloy and zirconia dental implants: current knowledge and open questions. Periodontol 2000 2018; 73:22-40. [PMID: 28000277 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone healing around dental implants follows the pattern and sequence of intramembraneous osteogenesis with formation of woven bone first of all followed later by formation of parallel-fibered and lamellar bone. Bone apposition onto the implant surface starts earlier in trabecular bone than in compact bone. While the first new bone may be found on the implant surface around 1 week after installation, bone remodeling starts at between 6 and 12 weeks and continues throughout life. Bone remodeling also involves the bone-implant interface, thus transiently exposing portions of the implant surface. Surface modifications creating micro-rough implant surfaces accelerate the osseointegration process of titanium implants, as demonstrated in numerous animal experiments. Sandblasting followed by acid-etching may currently be regarded as the gold standard technique to create micro-rough surfaces. Chemical surface modifications, resulting in higher hydrophilicity, further increase the speed of osseointegration of titanium and titanium-zirconium implants in both animals and humans. Surface modifications of zirconia and alumina-toughened zirconia implants also have an influence on the speed of osseointegration, and some implant types reach high bone-to-implant contact values in animals. Although often discussed independently of each other, surface characteristics, such as topography and chemistry, are virtually inseparable. Contemporary, well-documented implant systems with micro-rough implant surfaces, placed by properly trained and experienced clinicians, demonstrate high long-term survival rates. Nevertheless, implant failures do occur. A low percentage of implants are diagnosed with peri-implantitis after 10 years in function. In addition, a low number of implants seem to be lost for primarily reasons other than biofilm-induced infection. Patient factors, such as medications interfering with the immune system and bone cells, may be an element contributing to continuous bone loss and should therefore be monitored and studied in greater detail.
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Evaluation of Surface Mechanical Properties and Grindability of Binary Ti Alloys Containing 5 wt % Al, Cr, Sn, and V. METALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/met7110487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sayardoust S, Omar O, Norderyd O, Thomsen P. Clinical, radiological, and gene expression analyses in smokers and non-smokers, Part 2: RCT on the late healing phase of osseointegration. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2017; 19:901-915. [PMID: 28744993 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms behind the impact of smoking on osseointegration are not fully understood. PURPOSE To investigate the initial clinical and molecular course of osseointegration of different implants in smokers and non-smokers in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Smoking (n = 16) and non-smoking (n = 16) patients received 3 implant types: machined, oxidized, and laser-modified surfaces. Baseline bone biopsies were retrieved from the implant sites. After 60 and 90 days, the pain score, implant stability quotient (ISQ), and peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) gene expression were analyzed. Furthermore, radiological and clinical assessments were made at 90 days. RESULTS At 90 days, no pain was reported, irrespective of smoking habit. A higher ISQ was found in smokers compared with non-smokers. Marginal bone loss (MBL) was greater in smokers than in non-smokers. The comparison of implant surfaces revealed greater MBL exclusively at the machined implants in smokers. At 90 days in smokers, the PICF around machined implants revealed a higher expression of the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and a lower expression of the osteogenic gene, osteocalcin (OC), compared with the PICF around modified implants. Furthermore, OC expression was lower at machined implants in smokers compared with machined implants in non-smokers. After adjustment for age and implant location (maxilla/mandible), multivariate regression revealed the following predictors of MBL: smoking, bleeding on probing at 90 days, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression at baseline and IL-6 expression in PICF at 90 days. CONCLUSIONS During the early phase of osseointegration, non-smokers and smokers present a similar, high implant survival. In contrast, smokers present a greater MBL, particularly at machined implants. HIF-1α baseline expression in the recipient bone and IL-6 expression in PICF cells are important molecular determinants for MBL after 90 days. It is concluded that smoking has an early effect on osseointegration, which is dependent on the implant surface properties and the local host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariel Sayardoust
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Periodontology, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Omar Omar
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Norderyd
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Periodontology, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wassmann T, Kreis S, Behr M, Buergers R. The influence of surface texture and wettability on initial bacterial adhesion on titanium and zirconium oxide dental implants. Int J Implant Dent 2017; 3:32. [PMID: 28714053 PMCID: PMC5511811 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-017-0093-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate bacterial adhesion on different titanium and ceramic implant surfaces, to correlate these findings with surface roughness and surface hydrophobicity, and to define the predominant factor for bacterial adhesion for each material. METHODS Zirconia and titanium specimens with different surface textures and wettability (5.0 mm in diameter, 1.0 mm in height) were prepared. Surface roughness was measured by perthometer (R a ) and atomic force microscopy, and hydrophobicity according to contact angles by computerized image analysis. Bacterial suspensions of Streptococcus sanguinis and Staphylococcus epidermidis were incubated for 2 h at 37 °C with ten test specimens for each material group and quantified with fluorescence dye CytoX-Violet and an automated multi-detection reader. RESULTS Variations in surface roughness (R a ) did not lead to any differences in adhering S. epidermidis, but higher R a resulted in increased S. sanguinis adhesion. In contrast, higher bacterial adhesion was observed on hydrophobic surfaces than on hydrophilic surfaces for S. epidermidis but not for S. sanguinis. The potential to adhere S. sanguinis was significantly higher on ceramic surfaces than on titanium surfaces; no such preference could be found for S. epidermidis. CONCLUSIONS Both surface roughness and wettability may influence the adhesion properties of bacteria on biomaterials; in this context, the predominant factor is dependent on the bacterial species. Wettability was the predominant factor for S. epidermidis and surface texture for S. sanguinis. Zirconia did not show any lower bacterial colonization potential than titanium. Arithmetical mean roughness values R a (measured by stylus profilometer) are inadequate for describing surface roughness with regard to its potential influence on microbial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Wassmann
- Present address: Department of Prosthodontics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Stefan Kreis
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Regensburg University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Behr
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Regensburg University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Buergers
- Present address: Department of Prosthodontics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.,Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Regensburg University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
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Díaz I, Pacha-Olivenza MÁ, Tejero R, Anitua E, González-Martín ML, Escudero ML, García-Alonso MC. Corrosion behavior of surface modifications on titanium dental implant. In situ bacteria monitoring by electrochemical techniques. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:997-1009. [PMID: 28480611 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of surface modifications and bacteria on the corrosion behavior of titanium have been studied. Five surface modifications were analyzed: two acid etchings (op V, op N), acid etching + anodic oxidation (op NT), sandblasting + acid etching (SLA), and machined surfaces (mach). The corrosion behavior of the surface modifications was evaluated by following the standard ANSI/AAMI/ISO 10993-15:2000. Cyclic potentiodynamic and potentiostatic anodic polarization tests and ion release by ICP-OES after immersion for 7 days in 0.9% NaCl were carried out. Microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC) of low and high roughness (mach, op V) was assessed in situ by electrochemical techniques. Streptococcus mutans bacteria were resuspended in PBS at a concentration of 3 × 108 bacteria mL-1 and maintained at 37°C. MIC was measured through the open circuit potential, Eoc , and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy from 2 to 28 days. Potentiodynamic curves showed the typical passive behavior for all the surface modifications. The titanium ion release after immersion was below 3 ppb. In situ bacteria monitoring showed the decrease in Eoc from -0.065 (SD 0.067) Vvs. Ag/AgCl in mach and -0.115 (SD 0.084) Vvs. Ag/AgCl in op V, to -0.333 (SD 0.147) Vvs. Ag/AgCl in mach and -0.263 (SD 0.005) Vvs. Ag/AgCl in op V, after 2 and 28 days, respectively. A reduction of the oxide film resistance, especially in op V (54 MΩ cm2 and 6 MΩ cm2 , after 2 and 28 days, respectively) could be seen. Streptococcus mutans negatively affected the corrosion resistance of titanium. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 997-1009, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Díaz
- National Centre for Metallurgical Research, CENIM (CSIC), Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pacha-Olivenza
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterial and Biomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain.,Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science-UEx, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Anitua
- Biotechnology Institute (BTI), Vitoria, Spain.,Private Practice in Implantology and Oral Rehabilitation in Vitoria, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa González-Martín
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterial and Biomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain.,Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science-UEx, Badajoz, Spain
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66
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The influence of controlled surface nanotopography on the early biological events of osseointegration. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:559-571. [PMID: 28232253 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The early cell and tissue interactions with nanopatterned titanium implants are insufficiently described in vivo. A limitation has been to transfer a pre-determined, well-controlled nanotopography to 3D titanium implants, without affecting other surface parameters, including surface microtopography and chemistry. This in vivo study aimed to investigate the early cellular and molecular events at the bone interface with screw-shaped titanium implants superimposed with controlled nanotopography. Polished and machined titanium implants were firstly patterned with 75-nm semispherical protrusions. Polished and machined implants without nano-patterns were designated as controls. Thereafter, all nanopatterned and control implants were sputter-coated with a 30nm titanium layer to unify the surface chemistry. The implants were inserted in rat tibiae and samples were harvested after 12h, 1d and 3d. In one group, the implants were unscrewed and the implant-adherent cells were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In another group, implants with surrounding bone were harvested en bloc for histology and immunohistochemistry. The results showed that nanotopography downregulated the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), at 1d, and triggered the expression of osteocalcin (OC) at 3d. This was in parallel with a relatively lower number of recruited CD68-positive macrophages in the tissue surrounding the nanopatterned implants. Moreover, a higher proportion of newly formed osteoid and woven bone was found at the nanopatterned implants at 3d. It is concluded that nanotopography, per se, attenuates the inflammatory process and enhances the osteogenic response during the early phase of osseointegration. This nanotopography-induced effect appeared to be independent of the underlying microscale topography. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This study provides a first line of evidence that pre-determined nanopatterns on clinically relevant, screw-shaped, titanium implants can be recognized by cells in the complex in vivo environment. Until now, most of the knowledge relating to cell interactions with nanopatterned surfaces has been acquired from in vitro studies involving mostly two-dimensional nanopatterned surfaces of varying chemical composition. We have managed to superimpose pre-determined nanoscale topography on polished and micro-rough, screw-shaped, implants, without changes in the microscale topography or chemistry. This was achieved by colloidal lithography in combination with a thin titanium film coating on top of both nanopatterned and control implants. The early events of osseointegration were evaluated at the bone interface to these implants. The results revealed that nanotopography, as such, elicits downregulatory effects on the early recruitment and activity of inflammatory cells while enhancing osteogenic activity and woven bone formation.
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67
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Liu B, Shi XM, Xiao GY, Lu YP. In-situ preparation of scholzite conversion coatings on titanium and Ti-6Al-4V for biomedical applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 153:291-299. [PMID: 28282634 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A scholzite (CaZn2(PO4)2·2H2O) coating was prepared in situ on commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) substrates using the chemical conversion technology, and its phase composition and microstructure, as well as mechanical, chemical and biological properties were investigated to explore potential applications as a bioactive coating on bone implants. It is indicated that the coating consists mainly of monoclinic scholzite crystals with nano-thick laminar morphology. The crystals on cpTi aggregate to flower-like particles with the diameter of 5-10μm, while form a network structure homogeneously on Ti64. The scratch test shows that the interfacial bonding strength between the coatings and substrates is higher than 40N. Electrochemical measurements indicate that the corrosion behavior of the coatings is not inferior compared with that of oxide film on substrates. MG63 osteoblast-like cells show good adherence and significantly proliferation and differentiation characteristics on the scholzite coated cpTi and Ti64 (p<0.05) in in-vitro cell tests, demonstrating the cytocompatibility of Ti is significantly improved by the scholzite coating. It is suggested that the scholzite coating might be a promising option in hard tissue replacements for early osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China; Suzhou Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250012, China; Department of Stomatology, Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi 276003, China
| | - Gui-Yong Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China; Suzhou Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yu-Peng Lu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China; Suzhou Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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68
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Rydén L, Omar O, Johansson A, Jimbo R, Palmquist A, Thomsen P. Inflammatory cell response to ultra-thin amorphous and crystalline hydroxyapatite surfaces. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:9. [PMID: 27896599 PMCID: PMC5126180 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-016-5814-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that surface modification with a thin hydroxyapatite (HA) coating enhances the osseointegration of titanium implants. However, there is insufficient information about the biological processes involved in the HA-induced response. This study aimed to investigate the inflammatory cell response to titanium implants with either amorphous or crystalline thin HA. Human mononuclear cells were cultured on titanium discs with a machined surface or with a thin, 0.1 μm, amorphous or crystalline HA coating. Cells were cultured for 24 and 96 h, with and without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The surfaces were characterized with respect to chemistry, phase composition, wettability and topography. Biological analyses included the percentage of implant-adherent cells and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) and growth factors (BMP-2 and TGF-β1). Crystalline HA revealed a smooth surface, whereas the amorphous HA displayed a porous structure, at nano-scale, and a hydrophobic surface. Higher TNF-α secretion and a higher ratio of adherent cells were demonstrated for the amorphous HA compared with the crystalline HA. TGF-β1 secretion was detected in all groups, but without any difference. No BMP-2 secretion was detected in any of the groups. The addition of LPS resulted in a significant increase in TNF-α in all groups, whereas TGF-β1 was not affected. Taken together, the results show that thin HA coatings with similar micro-roughness but a different phase composition, nano-scale roughness and wettability are associated with different monocyte responses. In the absence of strong inflammatory stimuli, crystalline hydroxyapatite elicits a lower inflammatory response compared with amorphous hydroxyapatite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Rydén
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 412, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Omar Omar
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 412, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden.
- BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Anna Johansson
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 412, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ryo Jimbo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anders Palmquist
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 412, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 412, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
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69
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Ghensi P, Bressan E, Gardin C, Ferroni L, Ruffato L, Caberlotto M, Soldini C, Zavan B. Osteo Growth Induction titanium surface treatment reduces ROS production of mesenchymal stem cells increasing their osteogenic commitment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 74:389-398. [PMID: 28254309 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Surface characteristics play a special role for the biological performance of implants and several strategies are available to this end. The OGI (Osteo Growth Induction) titanium surface is a surface, obtained by applying a strong acid onto the blasted surface. The aim of this in-vitro study is to evaluate in vitro the osteoproperties of OGI surfaces on Mesenchymal Stem cells derived from dental pulp. Our results confirm that this treatment exert a positive effect on mitochondrial homeostasis, as shown by a decrease in ROS production related to environmental stress on the mitochondria. Morphological and molecular biology analyses confirmed more over that the DPSC cultured on the OGI surfaces appeared more spread in comparison to those grown on control titanium surface and real time PCR and biochemical data clearly demonstrated the increase of osteoconductive properties of the OGI treatment. In conclusion, our results suggest that mesenchymal stem cells sensitively respond to surface properties related to OGI treatment enhancing their osteogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ghensi
- Dental School, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padova, Italy; Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Eriberto Bressan
- Dental School, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Department of Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Department of Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58, 35100 Padova, Italy.
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70
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Akhavan B, Wise SG, Bilek MMM. Substrate-Regulated Growth of Plasma-Polymerized Films on Carbide-Forming Metals. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:10835-10843. [PMID: 27676094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although plasma polymerization is traditionally considered as a substrate-independent process, we present evidence that the propensity of a substrate to form carbide bonds regulates the growth mechanisms of plasma polymer (PP) films. The manner by which the first layers of PP films grow determines the adhesion and robustness of the film. Zirconium, titanium, and silicon substrates were used to study the early stages of PP film formation from a mixture of acetylene, nitrogen, and argon precursor gases. The correlation of initial growth mechanisms with the robustness of the films was evaluated through incubation of coated substrates in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37° for 2 months. It was demonstrated that the excellent zirconium/titanium-PP film adhesion is linked to the formation of metallic carbide and oxycarbide bonds during the initial stages of film formation, where a 2D-like, layer-by-layer (Frank-van der Merwe) manner of growth was observed. On the contrary, the lower propensity of the silicon surface to form carbides leads to a 3D, island-like (Volmer-Weber) growth mode that creates a sponge-like interphase near the substrate, resulting in inferior adhesion and poor film stability in SBF. Our findings shed light on the growth mechanisms of the first layers of PP films and challenge the property of substrate independence typically attributed to plasma polymerized coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Akhavan
- School of Physics, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Steven G Wise
- The Heart Research Institute , Sydney, New South Wales 2042, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Marcela M M Bilek
- School of Physics, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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71
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Zaborowska M, Tillander J, Brånemark R, Hagberg L, Thomsen P, Trobos M. Biofilm formation and antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci and enterococci from osteomyelitis associated with percutaneous orthopaedic implants. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:2630-2640. [PMID: 27779811 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococci and enterococci account for most deep infections associated with bone-anchored percutaneous implants for amputation treatment. Implant-associated infections are difficult to treat; therefore, it is important to investigate if these infections have a biofilm origin and to determine the biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility to improve treatment strategies. The aims were: (i) to test a novel combination of the Calgary biofilm device and a custom-made susceptibility MIC plate (Sensititre® ), (ii) to determine the biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates causing implant-associated osteomyelitis, and (iii) to describe the associated clinical outcome. Enterococci and staphylococci were characterized by microtitre plate assay, Congo Red Agar plate test, and PCR. Biofilm susceptibility to 10 antimicrobials and its relationship to treatment outcomes were determined. The majority of the strains produced biofilm in vitro showing inter- and intraspecies differences. Biofilms showed a significantly increased antimicrobial resistance compared with their planktonic counterparts. Slime-producing strains tolerated significantly higher antimicrobial concentrations compared with non-producers. All seven staphylococcal strains carried ica genes, but two did not produce slime. The degree of biofilm formation and up-regulated antibiotic resistance may translate into a variable risk of treatment failure. This new method set-up allows for the reproducible determination of minimum biofilm eradication concentration of antimicrobial agents, which may guide future antimicrobial treatment decisions in orthopaedic implant-associated infection. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2630-2640, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zaborowska
- Biomatcell Vinn Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, PO Box 412, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonatan Tillander
- Biomatcell Vinn Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, PO Box 412, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rickard Brånemark
- Biomatcell Vinn Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, PO Box 412, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Orthopaedics, International Center for Osseointegration Research Education and Surgery (iCORES), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Lars Hagberg
- Biomatcell Vinn Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, PO Box 412, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Biomatcell Vinn Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, PO Box 412, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margarita Trobos
- Biomatcell Vinn Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, PO Box 412, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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72
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Rais B, Köster M, Rahim MI, Pils M, Seitz JM, Hauser H, Wirth D, Mueller PP. Evaluation of the inflammatory potential of implant materials in a mouse model by bioluminescent imaging of intravenously injected bone marrow cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2149-58. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Rais
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
| | - Mario Köster
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
| | - Muhammad Imran Rahim
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
| | - Marina Pils
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
| | - Jan-Marten Seitz
- Institute of Material Sciences; Leibniz University Hannover; An der Universität 2 Garbsen 30823 Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Michigan Technological University; 1400 Townsend Drive Houghton Michigan 49931
| | - Hansjörg Hauser
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
| | - Dagmar Wirth
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
| | - Peter P. Mueller
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
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73
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Assessment of a polyelectrolyte multilayer film coating loaded with BMP-2 on titanium and PEEK implants in the rabbit femoral condyle. Acta Biomater 2016; 36:310-22. [PMID: 26965394 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to evaluate the osseointegration of titanium implants (Ti-6Al-4V, noted here TA6V) and poly(etheretherketone) PEEK implants induced by a BMP-2-delivering surface coating made of polyelectrolyte multilayer films. The in vitro bioactivity of the polyelectrolyte film-coated implants was assessed using the alkaline phosphatase assay. BMP-2-coated TA6V and PEEK implants with a total dose of 9.3μg of BMP-2 were inserted into the femoral condyles of New Zealand white rabbits and compared to uncoated implants. Rabbits were sacrificed 4 and 8weeks after implantation. Histomorphometric analyses on TA6V and PEEK implants and microcomputed tomography on PEEK implants revealed that the bone-to-implant contact and bone area around the implants were significantly lower for the BMP-2-coated implants than for the bare implants. This was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy imaging. This difference was more pronounced at 4weeks in comparison to the 8-week time point. However, bone growth inside the hexagonal upper hollow cavity of the screws was higher in the case of the BMP-2 coated implants. Overall, this study shows that a high dose of BMP-2 leads to localized and temporary bone impairment, and that the dose of BMP-2 delivered at the surface of an implant needs to be carefully optimized. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The presentation of growth factors from material surfaces currently presents significant challenges in academia, clinics and industry. Applying osteoinductive factors to different types of implants, made of metals or polymers, may improve bone repair in difficult situations. Here, we show the effects of an osteoinductive coating made of polyelectrolyte multilayer films on two widely used materials, titanium TA6V alloys and PEEK implants, which were implanted in the rabbit femoral condyle. We show that a too high dose of BMP-2 delivered from the screw surface has a negative short-term effect on bone regeneration in close vicinity of the screw surface. In contrast, bone formation was increased at early times in the empty spaces around the screw. These results highlight the need for future dose-dependence studies on bone formation in response to osteoinductive coatings.
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74
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Barone A, Toti P, Bertossi D, Marconcini S, De Santis D, Nocini PF, Iurlaro A, Alfonsi F, Covani U. Gene Expression of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured on Titanium Dental Implant Surfaces. J Craniofac Surg 2016; 27:712-7. [PMID: 27054428 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000002551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study shows how the influence of titanium surfaces on human mesenchymal stem cells differentiates toward osteocytes lineage and how, after growth, on machined titanium disk or etched titanium disk, changes, in gene expression for RUNX1, CTNNB1, SP7, and DLX5. METHODS Genes were analyzed by means of quantitative real-time polimerase chain reaction. Osseo genic lineage differentiation was also tested by means of the catenin-β1 immunofluorescence, induced osteoblasts, which represented the internal control. RESULTS The RUNX1 and SP7 expressions in the induced osteoblasts prove to be different, compared with cells cultured on metallic supports. Moreover, the levels of expression of the runt-related transcription factor 1 and the osterix appeared more down-regulated in cells that grew on a machined titanium surface. In the present experimental model, mRNA expression of DLX5 and CTNNB1 in human mesenchymal stem cells, cultured on each of the titanium surfaces, showed no differences, compared with osteoblast-induced cells. The immunofluorescence scores, for protein expression of beta-catenin in human mesenchymal stem cell treated cells, illustrates significantly improved results with the etched surface. CONCLUSIONS Present results suggested that different titanium surfaces might induce some differences in terms of gene expression. The only gene analyzed, which proved significant differences between the 2 titanium supports, was SP7; however, the other 3 genes indicating the existence of differences between the 2 titanium groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barone
- *Department of Surgery, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa†Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Versilia General Hospital, Lido di Camaiore (LU)‡Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental and Maxillofacial Department, University of Verona, Verona§Free practice in Francavilla Fontana||Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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75
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Lee JT, Cho SA. Biomechanical evaluation of laser-etched Ti implant surfaces vs. chemically modified SLA Ti implant surfaces: Removal torque and resonance frequency analysis in rabbit tibias. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 61:299-307. [PMID: 27093590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare osseointegration and implant stability of two types of laser-etched (LE) Ti implants with a chemically-modified, sandblasted, large-grit and acid-etched (SLA) Ti implant (SLActive(®), Straumann, Basel, Switzerland), by evaluating removal torque and resonance frequency between the implant surface and rabbit tibia bones. We used conventional LE Ti implants (conventional LE implant, CSM implant, Daegu, Korea) and LE Ti implants that had been chemically activated with 0.9% NaCl solution (LE active implant) for comparison with SLActive(®) implants MATERIALS AND METHODS Two types of 3.3×8mm laser-etched Ti implants - conventional LE implants and LE active implants were prepared. LE implants and SLActive(®) implants were installed on the left and right tibias of 10 adult rabbits weighing approximately 3.0kg LE active implants and SLActive(®) implants were installed on the left and right tibias of 11 adult rabbits. After installation, we measured insertion torque (ITQ) and resonance frequency (ISQ). Three weeks (LE active) or 4 weeks (conventional LE) after installation, we measured removal torque (RTQ) and ISQ. RESULTS In the conventional LE experiment, the mean ITQ was 16.99±6.35Ncm for conventional LE implants and 16.11±7.36Ncm for SLActive(®) implants (p=0.778>0.05). After 4 weeks, the mean of RTQ was 39.49±17.3Ncm for LE and 42.27±20.5Ncm for SLActive(®) (p=0.747>0.05). Right after insertion of the implants, the mean ISQ was 74.8±4.98 for conventional LE and 70.1±9.15 for SLActive(®) implants (p=0.169>0.05). After 4 weeks, the mean ISQ was 64.40±6.95 for LE and 67.70±9.83 for SLActive(®) (p=0.397>0.05). In the LE active experiment, the mean ITQ was 16.24±7.49Ncm for LE active implants and 14.33±5.06Ncm for SLActive(®) implants (p=0.491>0.05). After 3 weeks, the mean RTQ was 39.25±16.41Ncm for LE active and 41.56±10.41Ncm for SLActive(®) implants (p=0.698>0.05). Right after insertion of the implants, the mean ISQ was 58.64±10.51 for LE active implants and 53.82±15.36 for SLActive(®) implants (p=0.401>0.05). After 3 weeks, the mean ISQ was 63.82±5.88 for LE active and 66.27±6.53 for SLActive(®) (p=0.365>0.05). CONCLUSION We observed no significant differences in biomechanical bond strength to bone or implant stability in bone between the conventional LE Ti implant surface and the surface of the SLActive(®) implant or between the chemically activated LE Ti implant surface and the surface of the SLActive(®) implant during the early stage of osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Tae Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Am Cho
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Karazisis D, Ballo AM, Petronis S, Agheli H, Emanuelsson L, Thomsen P, Omar O. The role of well-defined nanotopography of titanium implants on osseointegration: cellular and molecular events in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:1367-82. [PMID: 27099496 PMCID: PMC4824366 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s101294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mechanisms governing the cellular interactions with well-defined nanotopography are not well described in vivo. This is partly due to the difficulty in isolating a particular effect of nanotopography from other surface properties. This study employed colloidal lithography for nanofabrication on titanium implants in combination with an in vivo sampling procedure and different analytical techniques. The aim was to elucidate the effect of well-defined nanotopography on the molecular, cellular, and structural events of osseointegration. Materials and methods Titanium implants were nanopatterned (Nano) with semispherical protrusions using colloidal lithography. Implants, with and without nanotopography, were implanted in rat tibia and retrieved after 3, 6, and 28 days. Retrieved implants were evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, histology, immunohistochemistry, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results Surface characterization showed that the nanotopography was well defined in terms of shape (semispherical), size (79±6 nm), and distribution (31±2 particles/µm2). EDS showed similar levels of titanium, oxygen, and carbon for test and control implants, confirming similar chemistry. The molecular analysis of the retrieved implants revealed that the expression levels of the inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, and the osteoclastic marker, CatK, were reduced in cells adherent to the Nano implants. This was consistent with the observation of less CD163-positive macrophages in the tissue surrounding the Nano implant. Furthermore, periostin immunostaining was frequently detected around the Nano implant, indicating higher osteogenic activity. This was supported by the EDS analysis of the retrieved implants showing higher content of calcium and phosphate on the Nano implants. Conclusion The results show that Nano implants elicit less periimplant macrophage infiltration and downregulate the early expression of inflammatory (TNF-α) and osteoclastic (CatK) genes. Immunostaining and elemental analyses show higher osteogenic activity at the Nano implant. It is concluded that an implant with the present range of well-defined nanocues attenuates the inflammatory response while enhancing mineralization during osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Karazisis
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ahmed M Ballo
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sarunas Petronis
- BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Borås, Sweden
| | - Hossein Agheli
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Emanuelsson
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Omar Omar
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL, VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Abdelrahim RA, Badr NA, Baroudi K. The effect of plasma surface treatment on the bioactivity of titanium implant materials (in vitro). J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:15-21. [PMID: 27011927 PMCID: PMC4784058 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.171592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surface of an implantable biomaterial plays a very important role in determining the biocompatibility, osteoinduction, and osteointegration of implants because it is in intimate contact with the host bone and soft tissues. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to assess the effect of plasma surface treatment on the bioactivity of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen titanium alloy samples were used in this study. The samples were divided into three groups (with five samples in each group). Five samples were kept untreated and served as control (group A). Another five plasma samples were sprayed for nitrogen ion implantation on their surfaces (group B) and the last five samples were pre-etched with acid before plasma treatment (group C). All the investigated samples were immersed for 7 days in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) which was used as a simulating body fluid (SBF) at pH 7.4 and 37°C. HBSS was renewed every 3 days. The different surfaces were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXA), and Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). RESULTS Nitriding of Ti-alloy samples via plasma nitrogen ion implantation increased the bioactivity of titanium. Moreover, the surface topography affected the chemical structure of the formed apatite. Increasing the surface roughness enhanced the bioactivity of the implant material. CONCLUSIONS Nitridation can be exploited as an effective way to promote the formation of bone-like material on the implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy A Abdelrahim
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia A Badr
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kusai Baroudi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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78
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Meng Y, Li X, Li Z, Liu C, Zhao J, Wang J, Liu Y, Yuan X, Cui Z, Yang X. Surface Functionalization of Titanium Alloy with miR-29b Nanocapsules To Enhance Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:5783-5793. [PMID: 26887789 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys have been widely used over the past 3 decades as implants for healing bone defects. Nevertheless, the bioinert property of titanium alloy limits its clinical application and surface modification method is frequently performed to improve the biological and chemical properties. Recently, the delivery of microRNA with osteogenesis capability has been recognized as a promising tool to enhance bone regeneration of implants. Here, we developed a biodegradable coating to modify the titanium surface in order to enhance osteogenic bioactivity. The previous developed nanocapsules were used as the building blocks, and then a bioactive titanium coating was designed to entrap the miR-29b nanocapsules. This coating was not only favorable for cell adhesion and growth but also provided sufficient microRNA transfection efficacy and osteoinductive potential, resulting in a significant enhancement of bone regeneration on the surface of bioinert titanium alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chaoyong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunde Liu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300203, China
| | - Xubo Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhenduo Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xianjin Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
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79
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Satué M, Monjo M, Ronold HJ, Lyngstadaas SP, Ramis JM. Titanium implants coated with UV-irradiated vitamin D precursor and vitamin E: in vivo performance and coating stability. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:424-431. [PMID: 26926140 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed at evaluating the biological response of titanium implants coated with UV-irradiated 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) and vitamin E (VitE) in vivo and analyzing the effects of aging on their stability and bioactivity in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Titanium surfaces were coated with 7-DHC and VitE, UV-irradiated and incubated for 48 h at 23°C to allow cholecalciferol synthesis. The in vivo biological response was tested using a rabbit tibia model after 8 weeks of healing by analyzing the wound fluid and the mRNA levels of several markers at the bone-implant interface (N = 8). The stability of the coating after storage up to 12 weeks was determined using HPLC analysis, and the bioactivity of the stored modified implants was studied by an in vitro study with MC3T3-E1 cells (N = 6). RESULTS A significant increase in gene expression levels of osteocalcin was found in the bone tissue attached to implants coated with the low dose of 7-DHC and VitE, together with a higher ALP activity in the wound fluid. Implants treated with the high dose of 7-DHC and VitE showed increased tissue necrosis and inflammation. Regarding the aging effects, coated implants were stable and bioactive up to 12 weeks when stored at 4°C and avoiding oxygen, light and moisture. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that Ti implants coated with UV-irradiated 7-DHC and VitE promote in vivo gene expression of bone formation markers and ALP activity, while they keep their osteopromotive potential in vitro and composition when stored up to 12 weeks at 4°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Satué
- Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marta Monjo
- Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Hans Jacob Ronold
- Department of Prosthetics and Oral Function, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Joana M Ramis
- Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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80
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Rehman FU, Zhao C, Jiang H, Wang X. Biomedical applications of nano-titania in theranostics and photodynamic therapy. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:40-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00332f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most abundantly used nanomaterials for human life. It is used in sunscreen, photovoltaic devices, biomedical applications and as a food additive and environmental scavenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. U. Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096
- China
| | - C. Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096
- China
| | - H. Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096
- China
| | - X. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096
- China
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81
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Li Z, Kuhn G, von Salis-Soglio M, Cooke SJ, Schirmer M, Müller R, Ruffoni D. In vivo monitoring of bone architecture and remodeling after implant insertion: The different responses of cortical and trabecular bone. Bone 2015; 81:468-477. [PMID: 26303288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical integrity of the bone-implant system is maintained by the process of bone remodeling. Specifically, the interplay between bone resorption and bone formation is of paramount importance to fully understand the net changes in bone structure occurring in the peri-implant bone, which are eventually responsible for the mechanical stability of the bone-implant system. Using time-lapsed in vivo micro-computed tomography combined with new composite material implants, we were able to characterize the spatio-temporal changes of bone architecture and bone remodeling following implantation in living mice. After insertion, implant stability was attained by a quick and substantial thickening of the cortical shell which counteracted the observed loss of trabecular bone, probably due to the disruption of the trabecular network. Within the trabecular compartment, the rate of bone formation close to the implant was transiently higher than far from the implant mainly due to an increased mineral apposition rate which indicated a higher osteoblastic activity. Conversely, in cortical bone, the higher rate of bone formation close to the implant compared to far away was mostly related to the recruitment of new osteoblasts as indicated by a prevailing mineralizing surface. The behavior of bone resorption also showed dissimilarities between trabecular and cortical bone. In the former, the rate of bone resorption was higher in the peri-implant region and remained elevated during the entire monitoring period. In the latter, bone resorption rate had a bigger value away from the implant and decreased with time. Our approach may help to tune the development of smart implants that can attain a better long-term stability by a local and targeted manipulation of the remodeling process within the cortical and the trabecular compartments and, particularly, in bone of poor health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihui Li
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gisela Kuhn
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Davide Ruffoni
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
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82
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Ding X, Zhou L, Wang J, Zhao Q, Lin X, Gao Y, Li S, Wu J, Rong M, Guo Z, Lai C, Lu H, Jia F. The effects of hierarchical micro/nanosurfaces decorated with TiO2 nanotubes on the bioactivity of titanium implants in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6955-73. [PMID: 26635472 PMCID: PMC4646597 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s87347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a hierarchical hybrid micro/nanostructured titanium surface was obtained by sandblasting with large grit and acid etching (SLA), and nanotubes of different diameters (30 nm, 50 nm, and 80 nm) were superimposed by anodization. The effect of each SLA-treated surface decorated with nanotubes (SLA + 30 nm, SLA + 50 nm, and SLA + 80 nm) on osteogenesis was studied in vitro and in vivo. The human MG63 osteosarcoma cell line was used for cytocompatibility evaluation, which showed that cell adhesion and proliferation were dramatically enhanced on SLA + 30 nm. In comparison with cells grown on the other tested surfaces, those grown on SLA + 80 nm showed an enhanced expression of osteogenesis-related genes. Cell spread was also enhanced on SLA + 80 nm. A canine model was used for in vivo evaluation of bone bonding. Histological examination demonstrated that new bone was formed more rapidly on SLA-treated surfaces with nanotubes (especially SLA + 80 nm) than on those without nanotubes. All of these results indicate that SLA + 80 nm is favorable for promoting the activity of osteoblasts and early bone bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Ding
- Center of Oral Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Center of Oral Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxu Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxia Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Lin
- Center of Oral Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gao
- Center of Oral Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaobing Li
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Center of Oral Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingdeng Rong
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehong Guo
- Center of Oral Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Lai
- Center of Oral Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Lu
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Jia
- Center of Oral Implantology, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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84
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Micro-arc oxidation as a tool to develop multifunctional calcium-rich surfaces for dental implant applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 54:196-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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85
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Golda-Cepa M, Brzychczy-Wloch M, Engvall K, Aminlashgari N, Hakkarainen M, Kotarba A. Microbiological investigations of oxygen plasma treated parylene C surfaces for metal implant coating. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 52:273-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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86
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Beutel BG, Danna NR, Granato R, Bonfante EA, Marin C, Tovar N, Suzuki M, Coelho PG. Implant design and its effects on osseointegration over time within cortical and trabecular bone. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:1091-7. [PMID: 26034012 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Healing chambers present at the interface between implant and bone have become a target for improving osseointegration. The objective of the present study was to compare osseointegration of several implant healing chamber configurations at early time points and regions of interest within bone using an in vivo animal femur model. Six implants, each with a different healing chamber configuration, were surgically implanted into each femur of six skeletally mature beagle dogs (n = 12 implants per dog, total n = 72). The implants were harvested at 3 and 5 weeks post-implantation, non-decalcified processed to slides, and underwent histomorphometry with measurement of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupied (BAFO) within healing chambers at both cortical and trabecular bone sites. Microscopy demonstrated predominantly woven bone at 3 weeks and initial replacement of woven bone by lamellar bone by 5 weeks. BIC and BAFO were both significantly increased by 5 weeks (p < 0.001), and significantly higher in cortical than trabecular bone (p < 0.001). The trapezoidal healing chamber design demonstrated a higher BIC than other configurations. Overall, a strong temporal and region-specific dependence of implant osseointegration in femurs was noted. Moreover, the findings suggest that a trapezoidal healing chamber configuration may facilitate the best osseointegration. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1091-1097, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan G Beutel
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, New York, 10010
| | - Natalie R Danna
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, New York, 10010
| | - Rodrigo Granato
- Department of Dentistry, UNIGRANRIO University, School of Health Sciences, 25071-202 Duque de Caxias, Rua da Lapa, 86, Centro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Estevam A Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru College of Dentistry, Al. Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisola, 9-75, Bauru, Sao Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Charles Marin
- Department of Dentistry, UNIGRANRIO University, School of Health Sciences, 25071-202 Duque de Caxias, Rua da Lapa, 86, Centro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nick Tovar
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, New York, 10010
| | - Marcelo Suzuki
- Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, New York, 10010
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Rahim MI, Eifler R, Rais B, Mueller PP. Alkalization is responsible for antibacterial effects of corroding magnesium. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:3526-32. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Rahim
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
| | - Rainer Eifler
- Institute of Materials Science, Leibniz University Hannover; an Der Universität 2 Garbsen 30823 Germany
| | - Bushra Rais
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
| | - Peter P. Mueller
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 Braunschweig 38124 Germany
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Stübinger S, Nuss K, Bürki A, Mosch I, le Sidler M, Meikle ST, von Rechenberg B, Santin M. Osseointegration of titanium implants functionalised with phosphoserine-tethered poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons: a comparative study with traditional surface treatments in sheep. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:87. [PMID: 25644101 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the osseointegrative potential of phosphoserine-tethered dendrons when applied as surface functionalisation molecules on titanium implants in a sheep model after 2 and 8 weeks of implantation. Uncoated and dendron-coated implants were implanted in six sheep. Sandblasted and etched (SE) or porous additive manufactured (AM) implants with and without additional dendron functionalisation (SE-PSD; AM-PSD) were placed in the pelvic bone. Three implants per group were examined histologically and six implants were tested biomechanically. After 2 and 8 weeks the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) total values of SE implants (43.7±12.2; 53.3±9.0%) and SE-PSD (46.7±4.5; 61.7±4.9%) as well as AM implants (20.49±5.1; 43.9±9.7%) and AM-PSD implants (19.7±3.5; 48.3±15.6%) showed no statistically significant differences. For SE-PSD and AM-PSD a separate analysis of only the cancellous BIC demonstrated a statistically significant difference after 2 and 8 weeks. Biomechanical findings proved the overall increased stability of the porous implants after 8 weeks. Overall, the great effect of implant macro design on osseointegration was further supported by additional phosphoserine-tethered dendrons for SE and AM implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Stübinger
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse Faculty ZH, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland,
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89
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Reinfeldt S, Håkansson B, Taghavi H, Eeg-Olofsson M. New developments in bone-conduction hearing implants: a review. MEDICAL DEVICES-EVIDENCE AND RESEARCH 2015; 8:79-93. [PMID: 25653565 PMCID: PMC4303401 DOI: 10.2147/mder.s39691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The different kinds of bone-conduction devices (BCDs) available for hearing rehabilitation are growing. In this paper, all BCDs currently available or in clinical trials will be described in categories according to their principles. BCDs that vibrate the bone via the skin are referred to as skin-drive devices, and are divided into conventional devices, which are attached with softbands, for example, and passive transcutaneous devices, which have implanted magnets. BCDs that directly stimulate the bone are referred to as direct-drive devices, and are further divided into percutaneous and active transcutaneous devices; the latter have implanted transducers directly stimulating the bone under intact skin. The percutaneous direct-drive device is known as a bone-anchored hearing aid, which is the BCD that has the largest part of the market today. Because of some issues associated with the percutaneous implant, and to some extent because of esthetics, more transcutaneous solutions with intact skin are being developed today, both in the skin-drive and in the direct-drive category. Challenges in developing transcutaneous BCDs are mostly to do with power, attachment, invasiveness, and magnetic resonance imaging compatibility. In the future, the authors assume that the existing percutaneous direct-drive BCD will be retained as an important rehabilitation alternative, while the transcutaneous solutions will increase their part of the market, especially for patients with bone-conduction thresholds better than 35 dB HL (hearing level). Furthermore, the active transcutaneous direct-drive BCDs appear to be the most promising systems, but to establish more detailed inclusion criteria, and potential benefits and drawbacks, more extensive clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Reinfeldt
- Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Håkansson
- Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hamidreza Taghavi
- Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Måns Eeg-Olofsson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Abstract
Since Brånemark discovered the favorable effects of titanium in bone healing in 1965, titanium has emerged as the gold standard bulk material for present-time dental implantology. In the course of years researchers aimed for improvement of the implants performance in bone even at compromised implant sites and multiple factors were investigated influencing osseointegration. This review summarizes and clarifies the four factors that are currently recognized being relevant to influence the tissue-implant contact ratio: bulk materials and coatings, topography, surface energy, and biofunctionalization. The macrodesigns of bulk materials (e.g., titanium, zirconium, stainless steel, tantalum, and magnesium) provide the mechanical stability and their influence on bone cells can be additionally improved by surface treatment with various materials (calcium phosphates, strontium, bioglasses, diamond-like carbon, and diamond). Surface topography can be modified via different techniques to increase the bone-implant contact, for example, plasma-spraying, grit-blasting, acid-etching, and microarc oxidation. Surface energy (e.g., wettability and polarity) showed a strong effect on cell behavior and cell adhesion. Functionalization with bioactive molecules (via physisorption, covalent binding, or carrier systems) targets enhanced osseointegration. Despite the satisfying clinical results of presently used dental implant materials, further research on innovative implant surfaces is inevitable to pursuit perfection in soft and hard tissue performance.
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91
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Pan H, Xie Y, Li K, Hu D, Zhao J, Zheng X, Tang T. ROCK-regulated synergistic effect of macropore/nanowire topography on cytoskeletal distribution and cell differentiation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19691d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Synergistic effect of cytoskeleton distribution on macro/nano surfaces led to higher intracellular tension and better differentiation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houhua Pan
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Youtao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200050
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants
- Department of Orthopaedics
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai 200011
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92
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Unosson E, Rodriguez D, Welch K, Engqvist H. Reactive combinatorial synthesis and characterization of a gradient Ag-Ti oxide thin film with antibacterial properties. Acta Biomater 2015; 11:503-10. [PMID: 25281786 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for orthopedic and dental implants has spurred researchers to develop multifunctional coatings, combining tissue integration with antibacterial features. A possible strategy to endow titanium (Ti) with antibacterial properties is by incorporating silver (Ag), but designing a structure with adequate Ag(+) release while maintaining biocompatibility has been shown difficult. To further explore the composition-structure-property relationships between Ag and Ti, and its effects against bacteria, this study utilized a combinatorial approach to manufacture and test a single sample containing a binary Ag-Ti oxide gradient. The sample, sputter-deposited in a reactive (O2) environment using a custom-built combinatorial physical vapor deposition system, was shown to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus with viability reductions ranging from 17 to above 99%, depending on the amount of Ag(+) released from its different parts. The Ag content along the gradient ranged from 35 to 62 wt.%, but it was found that structural properties such as varied porosity and degree of crystallinity, rather than the amount of incorporated Ag, governed the Ag(+) release and resulting antibacterial activity. The coating also demonstrated in vitro apatite-forming abilities, where structural variety along the sample was shown to alter the hydrophilic behavior, with the degree of hydroxyapatite deposition varying accordingly. By means of combinatorial synthesis, a single gradient sample was able to display intricate compositional and structural features affecting its biological response, which would otherwise require a series of coatings. The current findings suggest that future implant coatings incorporating Ag as an antibacterial agent could be structurally enhanced to better suit clinical requirements.
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93
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Osseointegration of Plateau Root Form Implants: Unique Healing Pathway Leading to Haversian-Like Long-Term Morphology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 881:111-28. [PMID: 26545747 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22345-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Endosteal dental implants have been utilized as anchors for dental and orthopedic rehabilitations for decades with one of the highest treatment success rates in medicine. Such success is due to the phenomenon of osseointegration where after the implant surgical placement, bone healing results into an intimate contact between bone and implant surface. While osseointegration is an established phenomenon, the route which osseointegration occurs around endosteal implants is related to various implant design factors including surgical instrumentation and implant macro, micro, and nanometer scale geometry. In an implant system where void spaces (healing chambers) are present between the implant and bone immediately after placement, its inherent bone healing pathway results in unique opportunities to accelerate the osseointegration phenomenon at the short-term and its maintenance on the long-term through a haversian-like bone morphology and mechanical properties.
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94
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Lennerås M, Palmquist A, Norlindh B, Emanuelsson L, Thomsen P, Omar O. Oxidized Titanium Implants Enhance Osseointegration via Mechanisms Involving RANK/RANKL/OPG Regulation. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2014; 17 Suppl 2:e486-500. [PMID: 25536123 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of implant surface properties for bone formation and bone remodeling, that is, the major events during osseointegration, are incompletely understood. PURPOSE This experimental study aimed to investigate the relation between molecular and morphological patterns at the bone interface for machined and oxidized implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Machined and anodically oxidized titanium implants were inserted in rat tibiae. The implants and surrounding tissue were retrieved at 1, 3, 6, 14, or 28 days for gene expression, histology, histomorphometry, backscatter scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Compared with machined-surface implants, a higher degree of mineralized bone was found in contact with the oxidized-surface implants. After 3 days, cells adherent to the oxidized implants demonstrated a markedly higher expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG). Whereas the OPG expression was higher at the machined implants at 6, 14, and 28 days, a higher RANKL/OPG ratio was detected at the oxidized implants. Between 3 and 14 days, both implants demonstrated a temporal increase in RANKL/OPG, corresponding to the remodeling phase at the bone-implant interface. For both implant types, the RANKL/OPG ratio sharply decreased to a low level after 28 days. CONCLUSIONS The present results show that oxidized implants rapidly promote a high degree of mineralized bone apposition to the surface. As determined by the gene expression data, the mechanisms involve an early induction of osteoclastic differentiation and subsequently more intensive bone remodeling, which accelerates the maturation of the bone-implant interface. The present study suggests that the RANKL/OPG ratio is a sensitive indicator for monitoring the remodeling process during osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lennerås
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Anders Palmquist
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Norlindh
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lena Emanuelsson
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Omar Omar
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
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95
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Satué M, Ramis JM, Monjo M. Cholecalciferol synthesized after UV-activation of 7-dehydrocholesterol onto titanium implants inhibits osteoclastogenesisin vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:2280-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Satué
- Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences; Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS); University of Balearic Islands; Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Joana M. Ramis
- Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences; Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS); University of Balearic Islands; Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Marta Monjo
- Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences; Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS); University of Balearic Islands; Palma de Mallorca Spain
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96
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Badar M, Rahim MI, Kieke M, Ebel T, Rohde M, Hauser H, Behrens P, Mueller PP. Controlled drug release from antibiotic-loaded layered double hydroxide coatings on porous titanium implants in a mouse model. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:2141-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Badar
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (GCBB); Gomal University; Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Rahim
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Marc Kieke
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Leibniz University of Hannover; Callinstrasse 9 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Thomas Ebel
- Department of Powder Technology; Helmholtz Center Geesthacht; Centre for Materials and Coastal Research; Max-Planck-Strasse 1 21502 Geesthacht Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Hansjörg Hauser
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter Behrens
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; Leibniz University of Hannover; Callinstrasse 9 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Peter P. Mueller
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
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97
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Kazek-Kęsik A, Krok-Borkowicz M, Pamuła E, Simka W. Electrochemical and biological characterization of coatings formed on Ti–15Mo alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 43:172-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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98
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Micro-Raman spectroscopic analysis of TiO2 phases on the root surfaces of commercial dental implants. Dent Mater 2014; 30:861-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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99
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Stavroullakis A, Brito C, Chen HY, Bajenova E, Prakki A, Nogueira-Filho G. Dental implant surface treatments may modulate cytokine secretion inPorphyromonasgingivalis-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts: A comparative study. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:1131-40. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Stavroullakis
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Carlos Brito
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Hong Yang Chen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Elena Bajenova
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Anuradha Prakki
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Getulio Nogueira-Filho
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
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100
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de Peppo GM, Agheli H, Karlsson C, Ekström K, Brisby H, Lennerås M, Gustafsson S, Sjövall P, Johansson A, Olsson E, Lausmaa J, Thomsen P, Petronis S. Osteogenic response of human mesenchymal stem cells to well-defined nanoscale topography in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2499-515. [PMID: 24904210 PMCID: PMC4039423 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s58805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patterning medical devices at the nanoscale level enables the manipulation of cell behavior and tissue regeneration, with topographic features recognized as playing a significant role in the osseointegration of implantable devices. METHODS In this study, we assessed the ability of titanium-coated hemisphere-like topographic nanostructures of different sizes (approximately 50, 100, and 200 nm) to influence the morphology, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). RESULTS We found that the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was influenced by the size of the underlying structures, suggesting that size variations in topographic features at the nanoscale level, independently of chemistry, can be exploited to control hMSC behavior in a size-dependent fashion. CONCLUSION Our studies demonstrate that colloidal lithography, in combination with coating technologies, can be exploited to investigate the cell response to well defined nanoscale topography and to develop next-generation surfaces that guide tissue regeneration and promote implant integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Maria de Peppo
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Hossein Agheli
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Camilla Karlsson
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Karin Ekström
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Helena Brisby
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Maria Lennerås
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter Sjövall
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
- Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Borås, Sweden
| | - Anna Johansson
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Eva Olsson
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jukka Lausmaa
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Borås, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Sarunas Petronis
- BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Borås, Sweden
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