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Benie CKD, Dadié A, Guessennd N, N'gbesso-Kouadio NA, Kouame ND, N'golo DC, Aka S, Dako E, Dje KM, Dosso M. Characterization of Virulence Potential of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Bovine Meat, Fresh Fish, and Smoked Fish. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2017; 7:55-64. [PMID: 28386471 PMCID: PMC5372481 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2016.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa owns a variability of virulence factors. These factors can increase bacterial pathogenicity and infection severity. Despite the importance of knowledge about them, these factors are not more characterized at level of strains derived from local food products. This study aimed to characterize the virulence potential of P. aeruginosa isolated from various animal products. Several structural and virulence genes of P. aeruginosa including lasB, exoS, algD, plcH, pilB, exoU, and nan1 were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on 204 strains of P. aeruginosa. They were isolated from bovine meat (122), fresh fish (49), and smoked fish (33). The 16S rRNA gene was detected on 91.1% of the presumptive strains as Pseudomonas. The rpoB gene showed that 99.5% of the strains were P. aeruginosa. The lasB gene (89.2%) was the most frequently detected (p < 0.05). In decreasing importance order, exoS (86.8%), algD (72.1%), plcH (72.1%), pilB (40.2%), and exoU (2.5%) were detected. The lasB gene was detected in all strains of P. aeruginosa serogroups O11 and O16. The prevalence of algD, exoS, and exoU genes in these strains varied from 51.2% to 87.4%. The simultaneous determination of serogroups and virulence factors is of interest for the efficacy of surveillance of infections associated with P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Comoé Koffi Donatien Benie
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology (LMBM), University of Nangui-Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire; Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Institut Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire (IPCI), 01 BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Adjéhi Dadié
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology (LMBM), University of Nangui-Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire; Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Institut Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire (IPCI), 01 BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Nathalie Guessennd
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Institut Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire (IPCI), 01 BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Félix Houphouët Boigny, 01 BP V4, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Nadège Ahou N'gbesso-Kouadio
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology (LMBM), University of Nangui-Abrogoua , 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - N'zebo Désiré Kouame
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology (LMBM), University of Nangui-Abrogoua , 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - David Coulibaly N'golo
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Institut Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire (IPCI) , 01 BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Solange Aka
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology (LMBM), University of Nangui-Abrogoua , 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Etienne Dako
- School of Food Science, Nutrition and Family Studies Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, University of Moncton, Moncton , NB E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Koffi Marcellin Dje
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology (LMBM), University of Nangui-Abrogoua , 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Mireille Dosso
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Institut Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire (IPCI), 01 BP 490, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Félix Houphouët Boigny, 01 BP V4, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
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Evaluation of the Virulence Features and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Isolated from Hospitalized Patients in Gonabad, Iran. ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/pedinfect.41267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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53
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Rossi Gonçalves I, Dantas RCC, Ferreira ML, Batistão DWDF, Gontijo-Filho PP, Ribas RM. Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: association with virulence genes and biofilm formation. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 48:211-217. [PMID: 28034598 PMCID: PMC5470431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes frequently nosocomial infections, currently becoming more difficult to treat due to the various resistance mechanisms and different virulence factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors independently associated with the development of bacteremia by carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa, the frequency of virulence genes in metallo-β-lactamases producers and to evaluate their ability to produce biofilm. We conducted a case–control study in the Uberlândia Federal University – Hospital Clinic, Brazil. Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed for metallo-β-lactamases and virulence genes. Adhesion and biofilm assays were done by quantitative tests. Among the 157 strains analyzed, 73.9% were multidrug-resistant, 43.9% were resistant to carbapenems, 16.1% were phenotypically positive for metallo-β-lactamases, and of these, 10.7% were positive for blaSPM gene and 5.3% positive for blaVIM. The multivariable analysis showed that mechanical ventilation, enteral/nasogastric tubes, primary bacteremia with unknown focus, and inappropriate therapy were independent risk factors associated with bacteremia. All tested strains were characterized as strongly biofilm producers. A higher mortality was found among patients with bacteremia by carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains, associated independently with extrinsic risk factors, however it was not evident the association with the presence of virulence and metallo-β-lactamases genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Rossi Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Melina Lorraine Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Pinto Gontijo-Filho
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosineide Marques Ribas
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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54
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Pitondo-Silva A, Gonçalves GB, Stehling EG. Heavy metal resistance and virulence profile in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Brazilian soils. APMIS 2016; 124:681-8. [PMID: 27197940 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen, which can have several virulence factors that confer on it the ability to cause severe, acute and chronic infections. Thus, the simultaneous occurrence of resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals associated with the presence of virulence genes is a potential threat to human health and environmental balance. This study aimed to investigate the resistance profile to heavy metals and the correlation of this phenotype of resistance to antimicrobials and to investigate the pathogenic potential of 46 P. aeruginosa isolates obtained from the soil of five Brazilian regions. The bacteria were evaluating for antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance, as well as the presence of plasmids and virulence genes. The isolates showed resistance to four different antibiotics and the majority (n = 44) had resistance to aztreonam or ticarcillin, furthermore, 32 isolates showed concomitant resistance to both of these antibiotics. A high prevalence of virulence genes was found, which highlights the pathogenic potential of the studied environmental isolates. Moreover, a high frequency of heavy metal resistance genes was also detected, however, the phenotypic results indicated that other genes and/or mechanisms should be related to heavy metal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Pitondo-Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Bartolomeu Gonçalves
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Eliana Guedes Stehling
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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55
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Eminoğlu A, Vullo D, Aşık A, Çolak DN, Çanakçı S, Beldüz AO, Supuran CT. Sulfonamide inhibition studies of the β-carbonic anhydrase from the newly discovered bacterium Enterobacter sp. B13. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1821-6. [PMID: 26920803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The genome of the newly identified bacterium Enterobacter sp. B13 encodes for a β-class carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1), EspCA. This enzyme was recently cloned, and characterized kinetically by this group (J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem. 2016, 31). Here we report an inhibition study with sulfonamides and sulfamates of this enzyme. The best EspCA inhibitors were some sulfanylated sulfonamides with elongated molecules, metanilamide, 4-aminoalkyl-benzenesulfonamides, acetazolamide, and deacetylated methazolamide (KIs in the range of 58.7-96.5nM). Clinically used agents such as methazolamide, ethoxzolamide, dorzolamide, brinzolamide, benzolamide, zonisamide, sulthiame, sulpiride, topiramate and valdecoxib were slightly less effective inhibitors (KIs in the range of 103-138nM). Saccharin, celecoxib, dichlorophenamide and many simple benzenesulfonamides were even less effective as EspCA inhibitors, with KIs in the range of 384-938nM. Identification of effective inhibitors of this bacterial enzyme may lead to pharmacological tools useful for understanding the physiological role(s) of the β-class CAs in bacterial pathogenicity/virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşenur Eminoğlu
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Research Laboratories, Rize, Turkey
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipaertimento di Chimica, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Aycan Aşık
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biology Department, Konya, Turkey
| | - Dilşat Nigar Çolak
- Giresun University, Bulancak School of Applied Sciences, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Sabriye Çanakçı
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ali Osman Beldüz
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipaertimento di Chimica, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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56
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Georgescu M, Gheorghe I, Curutiu C, Lazar V, Bleotu C, Chifiriuc MC. Virulence and resistance features of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from chronic leg ulcers. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16 Suppl 1:92. [PMID: 27169367 PMCID: PMC4890939 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1396-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the virulence profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains recently isolated from patients hospitalized for chronic leg ulcers in the Dermatology Department of Central Military Emergency University Hospital “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania. Methods The phenotypic screening evaluated eight soluble virulence factors (haemolysins, lecithinase, lipase, caseinase, gelatinase, amylase, DNase, aesculin hydrolysis), as well as adherence ability (Cravioto adapted method) and invasion capacity on HeLa cells (gentamicin protection assay). Seven virulence genes encoding for protease IV, 3 exoenzymes (exoS, exoT, exoU), two phospholipases plcH- haemolytic phospholipase C and plcN- non-haemolytic phospholipase C) and alginate were investigated by PCR. Results The pore forming toxins and enzymes were expressed in variable proportions, the majority of the tested strains producing beta haemolysin (92.3 %), lipase (76.9 %) and lecithinase (61.5 %). The most frequent virulence genes detected in the analyzed strains were the ExoT (100 %) and AlgD (92.3 %) genes, genes codifying for phospholipases (84.6 % each of them) and for protease IV (61.5 %). Conclusions This study reveals that correlating virulence profiles and infection clinical outcome is very useful for setting up efficient preventive and therapeutic procedures for hospitalized patients with chronic leg ulcers and positive P. aeruginosa cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Georgescu
- Dermatology Department, Central University Emergency Military Hospital Dr Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania.,Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Gheorghe
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Research Institute of the University of Bucharest -ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Curutiu
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Research Institute of the University of Bucharest -ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Veronica Lazar
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Research Institute of the University of Bucharest -ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. .,Ștefan S Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Research Institute of the University of Bucharest -ICUB, Bucharest, Romania
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Streeter K, Neuman C, Thompson J, Hatje E, Katouli M. The characteristics of genetically related Pseudomonas aeruginosa from diverse sources and their interaction with human cell lines. Can J Microbiol 2016; 62:233-40. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2015-0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated a collection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from hospitalised patients (n = 20) and various environmental sources (n = 214) for their genetic relatedness; virulence properties; antibiotic resistance; and interaction with intestinal (Caco-2), renal (A-498), and lung (Calu-3) cell lines. Using RAPD–PCR, we found high diversity among the strains irrespective of their sources, with only 6 common (C) types containing strains from both a clinical and environmental source. Environmental strains belonging to these C-types showed greater adhesion to A-498 cells than did clinical strains (17 ± 13 bacteria/cell versus 13 ± 11 bacteria/cell; p < 0.001), whereas clinical strains showed significantly greater adhesion to Calu-3 and Caco-2 cells than did environmental strains (p < 0.001 for both). The virulence genes and antibiotic resistance profiles of the strains were similar; however, the prevalence of environmental strains carrying both exoS and exoU was significantly (p < 0.0368) higher than clinical strains. While all strains were resistant to ticarcillin and ticarcillin–clavulanic acid, resistance against aztreonam, gentamicin, amikacin, piperacillin, and ceftazidime varied among environmental and clinical strains. These results suggest that environmental strains of P. aeruginosa carry virulence properties similar to clinical strains, including adhesion to various human cell lines, with some strains showing a higher adhesion to specific cell lines, indicating they may have a better ability to cause infection in those sites under predisposing conditions of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klrissa Streeter
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christina Neuman
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jasmin Thompson
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eva Hatje
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mohammad Katouli
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, 4558, Queensland, Australia
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Del Prete S, Vullo D, De Luca V, Carginale V, Ferraroni M, Osman SM, AlOthman Z, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Sulfonamide inhibition studies of the β-carbonic anhydrase from the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1115-20. [PMID: 26850377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The genome of the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae encodes for three carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) belonging to the α-, β- and γ-classes. VchCA, the α-CA from this species was investigated earlier, whereas the β-class enzyme, VchCAβ was recently cloned, characterized kinetically and its X-ray crystal structure reported by this group. Here we report an inhibition study with sulfonamides and one sulfamate of this enzyme. The best VchCAβ inhibitors were deacetylated acetazolamide and methazolamide and hydrochlorothiazide, which showed inhibition constants of 68.2-87.0nM. Other compounds, with medium potency against VchCAβ, (KIs in the range of 275-463nM), were sulfanilamide, metanilamide, sulthiame and saccharin whereas the clinically used agents such as acetazolamide, methazolamide, ethoxzolamide, dorzolamide, zonisamide and celecoxib were micromolar inhibitors (KIs in the range of 4.51-8.57μM). Identification of potent and possibly selective inhibitors of VchCA and VchCAβ over the human CA isoforms, may lead to pharmacological tools useful for understanding the physiological role(s) of this under-investigated enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Del Prete
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 81, Napoli, Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 81, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carginale
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 81, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marta Ferraroni
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- King Saud University, Department of Chemistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- King Saud University, Department of Chemistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- King Saud University, Department of Chemistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 81, Napoli, Italy.
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Habibi A, Honarmand R. Profile of Virulence Factors in the Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains of Human Urinary Tract Infections (UTI). IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e26095. [PMID: 26756017 PMCID: PMC4706981 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.26095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Putative virulence factors are responsible for the pathogenicity of UTIs caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Resistance of P. aeruginosa to commonly used antibiotics is caused by the extreme overprescription of those antibiotics. Objectives: The goal of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of virulence factors and the antibiotic resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa isolates in UTI cases in Iran. Patients and Methods: Two hundred and fifty urine samples were collected from patients who suffered from UTIs. Samples were cultured immediately, and those that were P. aeruginosa-positive were analyzed for the presence of virulence genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the disk diffusion method. Results: Of the 250 urine samples analyzed, 8 samples (3.2%) were positive for P. aeruginosa. The prevalence of P. aeruginosa in male and female patients was 2.7% and 3.5%, respectively, (P = 0.035). In patients less than 10 years old, it was 4.2%, and in patients more than 55 years old, it was 4.2%. These were the most commonly infected groups. The highest levels of resistance were seen against ampicillin (87.5%), norfloxacin (62.5%), gentamycin (62.5%), amikacin (62.5%), and aztreonam (62.5%), while the lowest were seen for meropenem (0%), imipenem (12.5%), and polymyxin B (12.5%). LasB (87.5%), pclH (75%), pilB (75%), and exoS (75%) were the most commonly detected virulence factors in the P. aeruginosa isolates. Conclusions: It is logical to first prescribe meropenem, imipenem, and polymyxin B in cases of UTIs caused by P. aeruginosa. Medical practitioners should be aware of the presence of levels of antibiotic resistance in hospitalized UTI patients in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Habibi
- Emam Reza Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, IR Iran
| | - Ramin Honarmand
- Department of Urology, Emam Reza Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Ramin Honarmand, Department of Urology, Emam Reza Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5632226779, E-mail:
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Ghanbarzadeh Corehtash Z, Khorshidi A, Firoozeh F, Akbari H, Mahmoudi Aznaveh A. Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factors Among Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From Burn Patients. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2015; 8:e22345. [PMID: 26587205 PMCID: PMC4644346 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.22345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa possesses a variety of virulence factors and infections caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MDRPA) in burn patients are a public health problem. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern, the biofilm formation, the prevalence of MDRPA and two virulence genes (nan1 and exoA) among P. aeruginosa isolated from burn patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 144 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from burn patient at the Burn Centre of Tehran, Iran, between March 2013 and July 2013. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed via agar disk diffusion method. The ability of producing biofilm was examined by crystal violet microtiter plate assay and the prevalence of the exoA and nan1 genes among the isolates was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS A high rate of resistance was seen against ciprofloxacin (93.7%), aztreonam (86.8%), piperacillin (85.4%), ceftazidime (82.6%), amikacin (82%) and imipenem (79.2%). In total, 93.1% of the isolates were characterized as MDRPA. Biofilm formation was seen in 92.4% of the isolates. The prevalence of the exoA and nan1 genes were 75% and 11.8% among the isolates, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The high rate of MDRPA and its ability to produce biofilm is an alarm for public health. The statistical analysis showed that biofilm production in the MDRPA isolates was significantly higher than that in the non-MDRPA isolates (P < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghanbarzadeh Corehtash
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
| | - Ahmad Khorshidi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Ahmad Khorshidi, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9133624687, Fax: +98-3615551112, E-mail:
| | - Farzaneh Firoozeh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
| | - Hosein Akbari
- Biostatistics Department, Truma Research center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
| | - Azam Mahmoudi Aznaveh
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
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Vaez H, Faghri J, Nasr Esfahani B, Moghim S, Fazeli H, Sedighi M, Ghasemian Safaei H. Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and Genetic Diversity in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From Patients of a Referral Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2015; 8:e20130. [PMID: 26468363 PMCID: PMC4600933 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.20130v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a well-known opportunistic pathogen, which affects hospitalized patients in different wards due to its natural resistance to drugs. Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profiles and genetic relatedness in P. aeruginosa isolated from patients admitted to a referral hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Materials and Methods: Out of 150 analyzed samples, 54 P. aeruginosa isolates were recovered and were subjected to antibiotic resistance patterns and genetic diversity determination by Kirby-Bauer’s disk diffusion method and RAPD-PCR, respectively. Results: The highest percentage of resistance was observed against ceftazidime and imipenem with 30 (55.6%) isolates; meanwhile all isolates were sensitive to polymyxin B. Twenty-eight (51.8%) isolates revealed resistance to all applied antibiotics. RAPD-PCR (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA- Polymerase Chain Reaction) results showed 54 unique genotypes, which were divided into 39 clusters. Conclusions: Although different source of P. aeruginosa may involve in patient colonization, genetically related strains were isolated from different wards and or the same ward of the hospital. Our results pointed to the restriction of currently used antibiotics in studied hospital. We hope that our results cast light on the control and transmission of the infection in the investigated hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Vaez
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Jamshid Faghri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Bahram Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Sharareh Moghim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Hossein Fazeli
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Mansour Sedighi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Hajieh Ghasemian Safaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Hajieh Ghasemian Safaei, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-3117922469, Fax: +98-3116688597, E-mail:
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Ferreira ML, Dantas RC, Faria ALS, Gonçalves IR, Silveira de Brito C, Queiroz LL, Gontijo-Filho PP, Ribas RM. Molecular epidemiological survey of the quinolone- and carbapenem-resistant genotype and its association with the type III secretion system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Med Microbiol 2015; 64:262-271. [PMID: 25596115 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the predictors of mortality and the impact of inappropriate therapy on the outcomes of patients with bacteraemia and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Additionally, we evaluated the correlation of the type III secretion system (TTSS) effector genotype with resistance to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones, mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs), metallo-β-lactamase and virulence factors. A retrospective cohort was conducted at a tertiary hospital in patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa bacteraemia (157 patients) and VAP (60 patients). The genes for blaIMP, blaVIM, blaSIM, blaGIM and blaSPM and virulence genes (exoT, exoS, exoY, exoU, lasB, algD and toxA) were detected; sequencing was conducted for QRDR genes on fluoroquinolone-resistant strains. The multivariate analyses showed that the predictors independently associated with death in patients with bacteraemia were cancer and inappropriate therapy. Carbapenem resistance was more frequent among strains causing VAP (53.3 %), and in blood we observed the blaSPM genotype (66.6 %) and blaVIM genotype (33.3 %). The exoS gene was found in all isolates, whilst the frequency was low for exoU (9.4 %). Substitution of threonine to isoleucine at position 83 in gyrA was the most frequent mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant strains. Our study showed a mutation at position 91 in the parC gene (Glu91Lys) associated with a mutation in gyrA (Thre83Ile) in a strain of extensively drug-resistant P. aeruginosa, with the exoT(+)exoS(+)exoU(+) genotype, that has not yet been described in Brazil to the best of our knowledge. This comprehensive analysis of resistance mechanisms to carbapenem and fluoroquinolones and their association with TTSS virulence genes, covering MDR P. aeruginosa in Brazil, is the largest reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Luiza Souza Faria
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Iara Rossi Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo P Gontijo-Filho
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosineide Marques Ribas
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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63
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Sharma P, Faridi F, Mir IA, Sharma SK. Characterization of exo-s, exo-u, and alg virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from migratory Egyptian vultures from India. Infect Ecol Epidemiol 2014; 4:24553. [PMID: 25317261 PMCID: PMC4170111 DOI: 10.3402/iee.v4.24553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in fecal droppings of migratory Egyptian vultures (Neophron p. percnopterus) revealed eight positive samples (n=25) by a 16S rRNA gene-based PCR in two consecutive winter seasons. Disk diffusion sensitivity testing revealed three multiple antimicrobial resistant (MAR) isolates. Genotypic characterization showed mutually exclusive exo-s and exo-u virulence genes in five and three isolates, respectively, while the alg gene was present in all of the isolates. MAR isolates with virulence genes were detected in both seasons. The Egyptian vultures could potentially be vectors of pathogenic and MAR P. aeruginosa, thereby affecting regional control and preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Sharma
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Farah Faridi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, India
| | - Irfan A Mir
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, India
| | - Sandeep K Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology & Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jaipur, India
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Rashno Taee S, Khansarinejad B, Abtahi H, Najafimosleh M, Ghaznavi-Rad E. Detection of algD, oprL and exoA Genes by New Specific Primers as an Efficient, Rapid and Accurate Procedure for Direct Diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains in Clinical Samples. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2014; 7:e13583. [PMID: 25632330 PMCID: PMC4295320 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that infects patients with cystic fibrosis, burning wounds, ophthalmic traumas and immunodeficiency. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficiency of newly designed primer sets with some previously published primers for PCR detection of exoA, oprL and algD genes from P. aeruginosa. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 clinical specimens were inoculated into the routine and selective culture media for P. aeruginosa isolation. Specific primers were designed by bioinformatics analysis for detection of the virulence genes determinants, exoA, oprL and algD. The sequences of these three genes were obtained from NCBI and multiple alignments were performed to find the conserved sequences of each gene to design the primers. Multiple alignment and primer design steps were carried out by the AlleleID software, version 7.0. Results: Microbiological culture methods resulted 70 P. aeruginosa strains isolated from 70 of the 150 clinical specimens. The results of the PCR assay using the newly designed exoA, oprL and algD primer sets were positive in 68, 70 and 69 clinical samples which represent 97.2%, 100% and 98% sensitivity for each primer set, respectively. The PCR results using previously published exoA, oprL and algD primer sets were positive only in 57, 49 and 28 specimens that correspond to 81.5%, 70% and 40% sensitivity, respectively. Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that in comparison with previously published primer sets, P. aeruginosa infection can be diagnosed with higher sensitivity and specificity by the conventional PCR assay using the newly designed primers. It was also shown that the results of the PCR assay on clinical samples of severe infections became positive much earlier than the results of conventional culture method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedighe Rashno Taee
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran
| | - Behzad Khansarinejad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran
| | - Hamid Abtahi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafimosleh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran
- Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran. Tel: +98-8634173526, Fax: +98-8634173526, E-mail:
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65
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Diversity among strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from manure and soil, evaluated by multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis and antibiotic resistance profiles. Res Microbiol 2013; 165:2-13. [PMID: 24140790 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The results of a multiple locus variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA)-based study designed to understand the genetic diversity of soil and manure-borne Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, and the relationship between these isolates and a set of clinical and environmental isolates, are hereby reported. Fifteen described VNTR markers were first selected, and 62 isolates recovered from agricultural and industrial soils in France and Burkina Faso, and from cattle and horse manure, along with 26 snake-related isolates and 17 environmental and clinical isolates from international collections, were genotyped. Following a comparison with previously published 9-marker MLVA schemes, an optimal 13-marker MLVA scheme (MLVA13-Lyon) was identified that was found to be the most efficient, as it showed high typability (90%) and high discriminatory power (0.987). A comparison of MLVA with PFGE for typing of the snake-related isolates confirmed the MLVA13-Lyon scheme to be a robust method for quickly discriminating and inferring genetic relatedness among environmental isolates. The 62 isolates displayed wide diversity, since 41 MLVA types (i.e. MTs) were observed, with 26 MTs clustered in 10 MLVA clonal complexes (MCs). Three and eight MCs were found among soil and manure isolates, respectively. Only one MC contained both soil and manure-borne isolates. No common MC was observed between soil and manure-borne isolates and the snake-related or environmental and clinical isolates. Antibiotic resistance profiles were performed to determine a potential link between resistance properties and the selective pressure that might be present in the various habitats. Except for four soil and manure isolates resistant to ticarcillin and ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and one isolate from a hydrocarbon-contaminated soil resistant to imipenem, all environmental isolates showed wild-type antibiotic profiles.
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66
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Mózes J, Szűcs I, Molnár D, Jakab P, Fatemeh E, Szilasi M, Majoros L, Orosi P, Kardos G. A potential role of aminoglycoside resistance in endemic occurrence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in lower airways of mechanically ventilated patients. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 78:79-84. [PMID: 24183948 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Altogether, 98 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a 5-bed intensive care unit were fingerprinted with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and tested for aminoglycoside resistance genes aac(6')-Ib, aac(3″)-IIa, ant(2″)-Ia, armA, rmtA, and rmtB and integrons and virulence genes/operons phzI, phzII, phzM, phzS, apr, lasB, plcH, plcN, pilA, algD, toxA, exoS, exoT, exoY, and exoU. Two major clusters were identified (49 and 19 isolates), harbouring aac(6')-Ib, blaPSE-1, and ant(3″)-Ia genes or ant(2″)-Ia gene, respectively, on a class I integron. Most virulence genes except for exoU and pilA were found. Only 1 isolate of the minor cluster (8 isolates) and 1 of the 22 sporadic isolates carried integrons (without gene cassettes); virulence profile was highly variable. Comparing the resistance and virulence patterns of endemic and sporadic isolates suggests that integron-borne aminoglycoside resistance is more closely associated with the frequency than virulence. Consequently, aminoglycoside usage may have played a role in maintenance of the endemic clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Mózes
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Szűcs
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary
| | - Dávid Molnár
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary
| | - Péter Jakab
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary
| | - Ebrahimi Fatemeh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary
| | - Mária Szilasi
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary
| | - László Majoros
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary
| | - Piroska Orosi
- Department of Hospital Hygiene and Infection Control, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kardos
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary.
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67
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Martins VV, Pitondo-Silva A, Manço LDM, Falcão JP, Freitas SDS, da Silveira WD, Stehling EG. Pathogenic potential and genetic diversity of environmental and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. APMIS 2013; 122:92-100. [PMID: 23879442 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of virulence genes among clinical and environmental isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to establish their genetic relationships by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR). A total of 60 P. aeruginosa isolates from environmental and clinical sources were studied. Of these, 20 bacterial isolates were from soil, 20 from water, and 20 from patients with cystic fibrosis. Analysis of ERIC-PCR demonstrated that the isolates of P. aeruginosa showed a considerable genetic variability, regardless of their habitat. Numerous virulence genes were detected in both clinical and environmental isolates, reinforcing the possible pathogenic potential of soil and water isolates. The results showed that the environmental P. aeruginosa has all the apparatus needed to cause disease in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Vicente Martins
- Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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68
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Zaranza AV, Morais FC, Carmo MSD, Marques ADM, Andrade-Monteiro C, Ferro TF, Monteiro-Neto V, Figueiredo PDMS. Antimicrobial Susceptibility, Biofilm Production and Adhesion to HEp-2 Cells of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Strains Isolated from Clinical Samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2013.41013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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69
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Selezska K, Kazmierczak M, Müsken M, Garbe J, Schobert M, Häussler S, Wiehlmann L, Rohde C, Sikorski J. Pseudomonas aeruginosa population structure revisited under environmental focus: impact of water quality and phage pressure. Environ Microbiol 2012; 14:1952-67. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02719.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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70
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Bardoel BW, Hartsink D, Vughs MM, de Haas CJC, van Strijp JAG, van Kessel KPM. Identification of an immunomodulating metalloprotease of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IMPa). Cell Microbiol 2012; 14:902-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2012.01765.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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71
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Maatallah M, Cheriaa J, Backhrouf A, Iversen A, Grundmann H, Do T, Lanotte P, Mastouri M, Elghmati MS, Rojo F, Mejdi S, Giske CG. Population structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from five Mediterranean countries: evidence for frequent recombination and epidemic occurrence of CC235. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25617. [PMID: 21984923 PMCID: PMC3184967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies in recent years have provided evidence that Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a non-clonal population structure punctuated by highly successful epidemic clones or clonal complexes. The role of recombination in the diversification of P. aeruginosa clones has been suggested, but not yet demonstrated using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Isolates of P. aeruginosa from five Mediterranean countries (n = 141) were subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), serotyping and PCR targeting the virulence genes exoS and exoU. The occurrence of multi-resistance (≥3 antipseudomonal drugs) was analyzed with disk diffusion according to EUCAST. MLST was performed on a subset of strains (n = 110) most of them had a distinct PFGE variant. MLST data were analyzed with Bionumerics 6.0, using minimal spanning tree (MST) as well as eBURST. Measurement of clonality was assessed by the standardized index of association (IAS). Evidence of recombination was estimated by ClonalFrame as well as SplitsTree4.0. The MST analysis connected 70 sequence types, among which ST235 was by far the most common. ST235 was very frequently associated with the O11 serotype, and frequently displayed multi-resistance and the virulence genotype exoS−/exoU+. ClonalFrame linked several groups previously identified by eBURST and MST, and provided insight to the evolutionary events occurring in the population; the recombination/mutation ratio was found to be 8.4. A Neighbor-Net analysis based on the concatenated sequences revealed a complex network, providing evidence of frequent recombination. The index of association when all the strains were considered indicated a freely recombining population. P. aeruginosa isolates from the Mediterranean countries display an epidemic population structure, particularly dominated by ST235-O11, which has earlier also been coupled to the spread of ß-lactamases in many countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makaoui Maatallah
- Laboratoire d'Analyse, Traitement et Valorisation des Polluants de l'Environnement et des Produits, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jihane Cheriaa
- Laboratoire d'Analyse, Traitement et Valorisation des Polluants de l'Environnement et des Produits, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amina Backhrouf
- Laboratoire d'Analyse, Traitement et Valorisation des Polluants de l'Environnement et des Produits, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aina Iversen
- Clinical Microbiology L2:02, MTC-Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hajo Grundmann
- University Medical Centre Groningen, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Thuy Do
- Infection Research Group, Dental Institute, King's College London and Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS and Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Lanotte
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital Bretonneau, Tours, France ; Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie CHU Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Salem Elghmati
- Departement of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alfateh of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Fernando Rojo
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Campus U.A.M., Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Snoussi Mejdi
- Laboratoire d'Analyse, Traitement et Valorisation des Polluants de l'Environnement et des Produits, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Christian G. Giske
- Clinical Microbiology L2:02, MTC-Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Amagliani G, Parlani ML, Brandi G, Sebastianelli G, Stocchi V, Schiavano GF. Molecular detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in recreational water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2011; 22:60-70. [PMID: 21671204 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2011.588325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was the development of a new molecular assay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa identification in recreational water. The method includes bacterial cell concentration through membrane filtration, a short (6 h) culture-enrichment step, DNA extraction and its amplification through a Real-Time PCR assay. The performance of the molecular approach was evaluated on 44 samples of swimming pool water and compared with the reference method UNI EN ISO 16266:2008. Positivity rates of 6% and 74% in pool and inlet water, respectively, with the standard culture method, and of 23% and 74% with the molecular method were found. Statistical analysis indicated "substantial agreement" (Cohen's Kappa index: 0.6831) between the two approaches. RAPD typing of P. aeruginosa isolates showed identical fingerprint profiles, indicating their epidemiological correlation. The developed protocol showed very high specificity and a detection limit of 10 genomic units. This technique has the potential to screen large numbers of environmental samples, and could be proposed as part of a self-monitoring plan for recreational facilities, improving surveillance and early warning systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Amagliani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
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73
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Contribution of an arsenal of virulence factors to pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0273-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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74
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Butorac-Petanjek B, Parnham MJ, Popovic-Grle S. Antibiotic therapy for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). J Chemother 2011; 22:291-7. [PMID: 21123150 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2010.22.5.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is already the world's fourth most common cause of mortality and likely to become the third in a few year's time. Because it is an inflammatory airway disease with altered host immune response, infectious complications are frequent. Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) significantly worsen the patient's general health, accelerating disability. Each exacerbation leads progressively to further deterioration of lung function. Among the various causes of AECOPD, including viruses, bacteria and air pollution, a bacterial etiology is most common (50-69%). The management of AECOPD remains extremely challenging and places a heavy economic burden on health care institutions. The decision to administer antibiotics in AECOPD is multifactorial, the most important considerations being severity of the COPD stage and patient performance status, clinical symptoms (increased dyspnea, sputum volume and sputum purulence), severity of current and previous exacerbations, comorbidity and current smoking. Exacerbations which require hospital admission are associated with significant in-patient mortality. AECOPD patients presenting with worsening dyspnea, increased sputum volume and purulence should be offered antimicrobial therapy. If treating with antibiotics, treatment must include coverage for Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis in all cases, but other bacteria (such as Gram-negatives) may need to be covered depending on the condition of the patient. Antibiotics, particularly macrolides and fluoroquinolones, when administered under suitable conditions, shorten the clinical course and prevent severe deterioration. possible complications resulting from untreated severe AECOPD surpass the potential risks from the use of antibiotic therapy. Additional anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions of some antibiotics may contribute to their efficacy in AECOPD.
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75
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Hauser AR, Jain M, Bar-Meir M, McColley SA. Clinical significance of microbial infection and adaptation in cystic fibrosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2011; 24:29-70. [PMID: 21233507 PMCID: PMC3021203 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00036-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A select group of microorganisms inhabit the airways of individuals with cystic fibrosis. Once established within the pulmonary environment in these patients, many of these microbes adapt by altering aspects of their structure and physiology. Some of these microbes and adaptations are associated with more rapid deterioration in lung function and overall clinical status, whereas others appear to have little effect. Here we review current evidence supporting or refuting a role for the different microbes and their adaptations in contributing to poor clinical outcomes in cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Hauser
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Searle 6-495, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Cotar AI, Chifiriuc MC, Dinu S, Bucur M, Iordache C, Banu O, Dracea O, Larion C, Lazar V. Screening of molecular virulence markers in Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical infections. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:5273-91. [PMID: 21614207 PMCID: PMC3100824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11125273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and Pseudomonas (Ps.) aeruginosa are two of the most frequently opportunistic pathogens isolated in nosocomial infections, responsible for severe infections in immunocompromised hosts. The frequent emergence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa strains has determined the development of new strategies in order to elucidate the different mechanisms used by these bacteria at different stages of the infectious process, providing the scientists with new procedures for preventing, or at least improving, the control of S. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa infections. The purpose of this study was to characterize the molecular markers of virulence in S. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa strains isolated from different clinical specimens. We used multiplex and uniplex PCR assays to detect the genes encoding different cell-wall associated and extracellular virulence factors, in order to evaluate potential associations between the presence of putative virulence genes and the outcome of infections caused by these bacteria. Our results demonstrate that all the studied S. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa strains synthesize the majority of the investigated virulence determinants, probably responsible for different types of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani-Ioana Cotar
- National Institute for Research in Microbiology and Immunology, Cantacuzino, Spl. Independentei 103, cod 060631, Bucharest 060101, Romania; E-Mails: (A.-I.C.); (C.I.); (O.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1–3, Bucharest 060101, Romania; E-Mails: (M.B.); (V.L.)
| | - Sorin Dinu
- National Institute for Research in Microbiology and Immunology, Cantacuzino, Spl. Independentei 103, cod 060631, Bucharest 060101, Romania; E-Mails: (A.-I.C.); (C.I.); (O.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Marcela Bucur
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1–3, Bucharest 060101, Romania; E-Mails: (M.B.); (V.L.)
| | - Carmen Iordache
- National Institute for Research in Microbiology and Immunology, Cantacuzino, Spl. Independentei 103, cod 060631, Bucharest 060101, Romania; E-Mails: (A.-I.C.); (C.I.); (O.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Otilia Banu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest 060101, Romania; E-Mail: (O.B.)
| | - Olguta Dracea
- National Institute for Research in Microbiology and Immunology, Cantacuzino, Spl. Independentei 103, cod 060631, Bucharest 060101, Romania; E-Mails: (A.-I.C.); (C.I.); (O.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Cristina Larion
- National Institute for Research in Microbiology and Immunology, Cantacuzino, Spl. Independentei 103, cod 060631, Bucharest 060101, Romania; E-Mails: (A.-I.C.); (C.I.); (O.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Veronica Lazar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1–3, Bucharest 060101, Romania; E-Mails: (M.B.); (V.L.)
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van Mansfeld R, Jongerden I, Bootsma M, Buiting A, Bonten M, Willems R. The population genetics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from different patient populations exhibits high-level host specificity. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13482. [PMID: 20976062 PMCID: PMC2957436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether highly prevalent P. aeruginosa sequence types (ST) in Dutch cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are specifically linked to CF patients we investigated the population structure of P. aeruginosa from different clinical backgrounds. We first selected the optimal genotyping method by comparing pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and multilocus variable number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). METHODS Selected P. aeruginosa isolates (n = 60) were genotyped with PFGE, MLST and MLVA to determine the diversity index (DI) and congruence (adjusted Rand and Wallace coefficients). Subsequently, isolates from patients admitted to two different ICUs (n = 205), from CF patients (n = 100) and from non-ICU, non-CF patients (n = 58, of which 19 were community acquired) were genotyped with MLVA to determine distribution of genotypes and genetic diversity. RESULTS Congruence between the typing methods was >79% and DIs were similar and all >0.963. Based on costs, ease, speed and possibilities to compare results between labs an adapted MLVA scheme called MLVA9-Utrecht was selected as the preferred typing method. In 363 clinical isolates 252 different MLVA types (MTs) were identified, indicating a highly diverse population (DI = 0.995; CI = 0.993-0.997). DI levels were similarly high in the diverse clinical sources (all >0.981) and only eight genotypes were shared. MTs were highly specific (>80%) for the different patient populations, even for similar patient groups (ICU patients) in two distinct geographic regions, with only three of 142 ICU genotypes detected in both ICUs. The two major CF clones were unique to CF patients. CONCLUSION The population structure of P. aeruginosa isolates is highly diverse and population specific without evidence for a core lineage in which major CF, hospital or community clones co-cluster. The two genotypes highly prevalent among Dutch CF patients appeared unique to CF patients, suggesting specific adaptation of these clones to the CF lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa van Mansfeld
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Irene Jongerden
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Bootsma
- Julius Center for Health Research and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, and Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anton Buiting
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, St Elisabeth Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Bonten
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Willems
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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78
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Mitov I, Strateva T, Markova B. Prevalence of virulence genes among bulgarian nosocomial and cystic fibrosis isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa. Braz J Microbiol 2010; 41:588-95. [PMID: 24031533 PMCID: PMC3768660 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822010000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of some virulence genes among 202 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients (n=42) and non-CF in-patients (n=160) and to analyze the values according to the patient groups, infection localization and antimicrobial resistance. The following frequencies in all studied strains were established: algD (encoding GDP-mannose 6-dehydrogenase AlgD) – 91.1%, pilB (type IV fimbrial biogenesis protein PilB) – 23.8%, nan1 (neuraminidase) – 21.3%, lasB (elastase LasB) – 100%, plcH (haemolytic phospholipase C precursor) – 91.6%, exoS (exoenzyme S) – 62.4%, and exoU (exoenzyme U) – 30.2%. The prevalence of nan1 was significantly higher (P<0.01) in CF isolates (38.1%) than that in non-CF isolates (16.9%). The nan1–positive CF strains were cultured from 16 patients with recurrent lung exacerbations. This study revealed a statistically significant difference (P<0.01) between the portion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) nosocomial P.aeruginosa strains containing a large number (≥5) of virulence genes (38.1%) and the respective part of non-MDR isolates (17.6%). Moreover, pilB, exoU and nan1 manifested a higher spread (P<0.001) among MDR than in non-MDR strains (respectively, 39.1% vs. 13.2%; 40.2% vs. 17.7% and 26.1% vs. 4.4%). In conclusion, the dissemination of nan1 in CF isolates was moderate and correlated with the lower proportion of patients with lung exacerbations. The molecular-genetic detection of this gene may be used as an indirect measure of CF pulmonary disease evolution. Simultaneous determination of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance is the contemporary approach for examination of the microbiological aspects of infections caused by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mitov
- Department of Medical Microbiology , Medical University of Sofia , Bulgaria
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79
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Bradbury RS, Roddam LF, Merritt A, Reid DW, Champion AC. Virulence gene distribution in clinical, nosocomial and environmental isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Med Microbiol 2010; 59:881-890. [PMID: 20430902 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.018283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The virulence factor genotypes of a large cohort of clinical, nosocomial environment and community environment isolates (184 in total) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Tasmania, Australia, were determined by PCR. The virulence factor genotype of the majority of isolates was highly conserved, with the exception of the virulence gene exoU, which demonstrated low prevalence (33 isolates; 18 %) in the population tested. Isolates collected from the environment of intensive therapy wards (intensive care unit and neurosurgical units) of the major tertiary referral hospital in Tasmania were found to be more likely (P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively) to possess the virulence factor gene exoU than all other isolates. Adult cystic fibrosis isolates showed a decreased prevalence of the exoU gene (P<0.01) when compared to other clinical isolates (P<0.01), which may indicate decreased virulence. No specific virulence factor genotype was associated with the cystic fibrosis epidemic strains tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Bradbury
- CF Research Group, Menzies Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Collins Street, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Microbiology Department, Royal Hobart Hospital, Liverpool Street, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - L. F. Roddam
- CF Research Group, Menzies Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Collins Street, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - A. Merritt
- Burkholderia Research Group, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - D. W. Reid
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Hobart Hospital, Liverpool Street, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- CF Research Group, Menzies Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Collins Street, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - A. C. Champion
- CF Research Group, Menzies Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Collins Street, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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Distribution of the type III effector proteins-encoding genes among nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Bulgaria. ANN MICROBIOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-010-0079-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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81
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Pirnay JP, Bilocq F, Pot B, Cornelis P, Zizi M, Van Eldere J, Deschaght P, Vaneechoutte M, Jennes S, Pitt T, De Vos D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa population structure revisited. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7740. [PMID: 19936230 PMCID: PMC2777410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 09/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
At present there are strong indications that Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibits an epidemic population structure; clinical isolates are indistinguishable from environmental isolates, and they do not exhibit a specific (disease) habitat selection. However, some important issues, such as the worldwide emergence of highly transmissible P. aeruginosa clones among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and the spread and persistence of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains in hospital wards with high antibiotic pressure, remain contentious. To further investigate the population structure of P. aeruginosa, eight parameters were analyzed and combined for 328 unrelated isolates, collected over the last 125 years from 69 localities in 30 countries on five continents, from diverse clinical (human and animal) and environmental habitats. The analysed parameters were: i) O serotype, ii) Fluorescent Amplified-Fragment Length Polymorphism (FALFP) pattern, nucleotide sequences of outer membrane protein genes, iii) oprI, iv) oprL, v) oprD, vi) pyoverdine receptor gene profile (fpvA type and fpvB prevalence), and prevalence of vii) exoenzyme genes exoS and exoU and viii) group I pilin glycosyltransferase gene tfpO. These traits were combined and analysed using biological data analysis software and visualized in the form of a minimum spanning tree (MST). We revealed a network of relationships between all analyzed parameters and non-congruence between experiments. At the same time we observed several conserved clones, characterized by an almost identical data set. These observations confirm the nonclonal epidemic population structure of P. aeruginosa, a superficially clonal structure with frequent recombinations, in which occasionally highly successful epidemic clones arise. One of these clones is the renown and widespread MDR serotype O12 clone. On the other hand, we found no evidence for a widespread CF transmissible clone. All but one of the 43 analysed CF strains belonged to a ubiquitous P. aeruginosa "core lineage" and typically exhibited the exoS(+)/exoU(-) genotype and group B oprL and oprD alleles. This is to our knowledge the first report of an MST analysis conducted on a polyphasic data set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Pirnay
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Burn Centre, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Brussel, Belgium.
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82
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Rezzonico F, Smits THM, Montesinos E, Frey JE, Duffy B. Genotypic comparison of Pantoea agglomerans plant and clinical strains. BMC Microbiol 2009; 9:204. [PMID: 19772624 PMCID: PMC2764716 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-9-204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pantoea agglomerans strains are among the most promising biocontrol agents for a variety of bacterial and fungal plant diseases, particularly fire blight of apple and pear. However, commercial registration of P. agglomerans biocontrol products is hampered because this species is currently listed as a biosafety level 2 (BL2) organism due to clinical reports as an opportunistic human pathogen. This study compares plant-origin and clinical strains in a search for discriminating genotypic/phenotypic markers using multi-locus phylogenetic analysis and fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphisms (fAFLP) fingerprinting. Results Majority of the clinical isolates from culture collections were found to be improperly designated as P. agglomerans after sequence analysis. The frequent taxonomic rearrangements underwent by the Enterobacter agglomerans/Erwinia herbicola complex may be a major problem in assessing clinical associations within P. agglomerans. In the P. agglomerans sensu stricto (in the stricter sense) group, there was no discrete clustering of clinical/biocontrol strains and no marker was identified that was uniquely associated to clinical strains. A putative biocontrol-specific fAFLP marker was identified only in biocontrol strains. The partial ORF located in this band corresponded to an ABC transporter that was found in all P. agglomerans strains. Conclusion Taxonomic mischaracterization was identified as a major problem with P. agglomerans, and current techniques removed a majority of clinical strains from this species. Although clear discrimination between P. agglomerans plant and clinical strains was not obtained with phylogenetic analysis, a single marker characteristic of biocontrol strains was identified which may be of use in strain biosafety determinations. In addition, the lack of Koch's postulate fulfilment, rare retention of clinical strains for subsequent confirmation, and the polymicrobial nature of P. agglomerans clinical reports should be considered in biosafety assessment of beneficial strains in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Rezzonico
- Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil ACW, Plant Protection Division, CH-8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
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83
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Strateva T, Petrova G, Perenovska P, Mitov I. Bulgarian cystic fibrosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates: antimicrobial susceptibility and neuraminidase-encoding gene distribution. J Med Microbiol 2009; 58:690-692. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.004325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Strateva
- Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave Street, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Guergana Petrova
- Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Penka Perenovska
- Alexandrovska University Hospital, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Mitov
- Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave Street, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
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84
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Crystal structures of respiratory pathogen neuraminidases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 380:467-71. [PMID: 19284989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Currently there is pressing need to develop novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of infections by the human respiratory pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The neuraminidases of these pathogens are important for host colonization in animal models of infection and are attractive targets for drug discovery. To aid in the development of inhibitors against these neuraminidases, we have determined the crystal structures of the P. aeruginosa enzyme NanPs and S. pneumoniae enzyme NanA at 1.6 and 1.7A resolution, respectively. In situ proteolysis with trypsin was essential for the crystallization of our recombinant NanA. The active site regions of the two enzymes are strikingly different. NanA contains a deep pocket that is similar to that in canonical neuraminidases, while the NanPs active site is much more open. The comparative studies suggest that NanPs may not be a classical neuraminidase, and may have distinct natural substrates and physiological functions. This work represents an important step in the development of drugs to prevent respiratory tract colonization by these two pathogens.
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85
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Putignani L, Sessa R, Petrucca A, Manfredini C, Coltella L, Menichella D, Nicoletti M, Russo C, Cipriani P. Genotyping of Different Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Morphotypes Arising from the Lower Respiratory Tract of a Patient Taken to an Intensive Care Unit. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2008; 21:941-7. [DOI: 10.1177/039463200802100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and an ubiquitous environmental bacterium. Fifty-seven days after hospitalization, we isolated three distinct P. aeruginosa morphotypes (smooth, rough and mucoid) from the lower respiratory tract of a patient admitted to a Cardiology Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Moreover, a group of nine colony variants, arising from the three P. aeruginosa isolates growing in laboratory growth media, were also isolated. The resulting 12 isolates were characterised for antibiotic resistance profile and subjected to genotypic analysis by fluorescent-Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (f-AFLP) and automated repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (rep-PCR) fingerprinting. The three smooth, rough and mucoid morphotypes presented different antibiotic resistance profiles and genotyping analysis showed that they belonged to distinct clones, indicating that at day 57 after the admission the patient was simultaneously colonized by three distinct P. aeruginosa isolates. On the other hand, the nine colony variants presented heterogeneous antibiotic resistance profiles and clustered together with the three parental isolates. The understanding of the link between genotype plasticity and antibiotic resistance may contribute to improving our knowledge of this life-threatening pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Sessa
- Department of Public Health, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - A. Petrucca
- Laboratory of Microbiology, “Sant'Andrea” Hospital, Rome
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University “G. D'Annunzio”, Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | | | - M. Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University “G. D'Annunzio”, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - P. Cipriani
- Laboratory of Microbiology, “Sant'Andrea” Hospital, Rome
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86
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Abstract
The cystic fibrosis (CF) lung is chronically inflamed and infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this genetic disease. Although aerosolization of Tobramycin into the airway of CF patients improves outcomes, the lungs of CF patients, even those receiving antibiotic therapy, are persistently colonized by P. aeruginosa. Recent studies suggest that the antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa in the CF lung is due to the formation of drug resistant biofilms, which are defined as communities of microbes associated with surfaces or interfaces, and whose growth is facilitated by thick and dehydrated mucus in the CF lung. In this review, we discuss some of the current models used to study biofilm formation in the context of biotic surfaces, such as airway cells, as well as the contribution of host-derived factors, including DNA, actin and mucus, to the formation of these microbial communities. We suggest that better in vitro models are required, both to understand the interaction of P. aeruginosa with the host airway, and as models to validate new therapeutics, whether targeted at bacteria or host.
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87
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Soong G, Muir A, Gomez MI, Waks J, Reddy B, Planet P, Singh PK, Kanetko Y, Wolfgang MC, Hsiao YS, Tong L, Prince A. Bacterial neuraminidase facilitates mucosal infection by participating in biofilm production. J Clin Invest 2006; 116:2297-2305. [PMID: 16862214 PMCID: PMC1513050 DOI: 10.1172/jci27920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Accepted: 05/23/2006] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Many respiratory pathogens, including Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, express neuraminidases that can cleave alpha2,3-linked sialic acids from glycoconjugates. As mucosal surfaces are heavily sialylated, neuraminidases have been thought to modify epithelial cells by exposing potential bacterial receptors. However, in contrast to neuraminidase produced by the influenza virus, a role for bacterial neuraminidase in pathogenesis has not yet been clearly established. We constructed a mutant of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by deleting the PA2794 neuraminidase locus (Delta2794) and tested its virulence and immunostimulatory capabilities in a mouse model of infection. Although fully virulent when introduced i.p., the Delta2794 mutant was unable to establish respiratory infection by i.n. inoculation. The inability to colonize the respiratory tract correlated with diminished production of biofilm, as assessed by scanning electron microscopy and in vitro assays. The importance of neuraminidase in biofilm production was further demonstrated by showing that viral neuraminidase inhibitors in clinical use blocked P. aeruginosa biofilm production in vitro as well. The P. aeruginosa neuraminidase has a key role in the initial stages of pulmonary infection by targeting bacterial glycoconjugates and contributing to the formation of biofilm. Inhibiting bacterial neuraminidases could provide a novel mechanism to prevent bacterial pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Soong
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amanda Muir
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marisa I. Gomez
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan Waks
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bharat Reddy
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul Planet
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pradeep K. Singh
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yukihiro Kanetko
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew C. Wolfgang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yu-Shan Hsiao
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Liang Tong
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alice Prince
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Eckert R, Brady KM, Greenberg EP, Qi F, Yarbrough DK, He J, McHardy I, Anderson MH, Shi W. Enhancement of antimicrobial activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa by coadministration of G10KHc and tobramycin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50:3833-8. [PMID: 16940063 PMCID: PMC1635211 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00509-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common opportunistic human pathogen that is associated with life-threatening acute infections and chronic airway colonization during cystic fibrosis. Previously, we converted the wide-spectrum antimicrobial peptide novispirin G10 into a selectively-targeted antimicrobial peptide (STAMP), G10KHc. Compared to novispirin G10, the STAMP had an enhanced ability to kill Pseudomonas mendocina. In this study, we explored the activity of G10KHc against P. aeruginosa. G10KHc was found to be highly active (as active as tobramycin) against P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. Most interestingly, we observed a synergistic-like enhancement in killing activity when biofilms and planktonic cultures of P. aeruginosa were cotreated with G10KHc and tobramycin. The data indicate that the mechanism of enhanced activity may involve increased tobramycin uptake due to G10KHc-mediated cell membrane disruption. These results suggest that G10KHc may be useful against P. aeruginosa during acute and chronic infection states, especially when it is coadministered with tobramycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randal Eckert
- UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
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89
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Winstanley C, Kaye SB, Neal TJ, Chilton HJ, Miksch S, Hart CA. Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates associated with ulcerative keratitis. J Med Microbiol 2005; 54:519-526. [PMID: 15888458 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A collection of 63 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with ulcerative keratitis, collected from six centres in England, were typed using serotyping and random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR, and screened for several variable virulence-related genotypes and phenotypes. Sixty-one percent of the isolates were of either serotype O1 or serotype O11, but there was no evidence for a common clone. The majority of isolates (59%) were PCR-positive for exoU rather than for exoS (38%), and carried a-type fliC genes (76%) rather than b-type (24%). Isolates were PCR-positive for pyoverdine-receptor types at a prevalence of 38% for type I, 46 % for type II and 8 % for type III. All but one of the isolates exhibited twitching activity. There was a correlation between the presence of exoS and twitching activity (P = 0.04), suggesting that a combination of exoS genotype and good twitching activity may have a role to play in ExoU-independent corneal virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Winstanley
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Genitourinary Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Stephen B Kaye
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Genitourinary Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Timothy J Neal
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Genitourinary Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Helen J Chilton
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Genitourinary Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Silvia Miksch
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Genitourinary Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - C Anthony Hart
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Genitourinary Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
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90
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Abstract
ExoS and ExoT are bi-functional type-III cytotoxins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that share 76% primary amino acid homology and contain N-terminal RhoGAP domains and C-terminal ADP-ribosylation domains. The Rho GAP activities of ExoS and ExoT appear to be biochemically and biologically identical, targeting Rho, Rac, and Cdc42. Expression of the RhoGAP domain in mammalian cells results in the disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and interference of phagocytosis. Expression of the ADP-ribosyltransferase domain of ExoS elicits a cytotoxic phenotype in cultured cells, while expression of ExoT appears to interfere with host cell phagocytic activity. Recent studies showed that ExoS and ExoT ADP-ribosylate different substrates. While ExoS has poly-substrate specificity and can ADP-ribosylate numerous host proteins, ExoT ADP-ribosylates a more restricted subset of host proteins including the Crk proteins. Protein modeling predicts that electrostatic interactions contribute to the substrate specificity of the ADP-ribosyltransferase domains of ExoS and ExoT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Barbieri
- Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plk. Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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