51
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Non-invasive imaging through opaque scattering layers. Nature 2012; 491:232-4. [DOI: 10.1038/nature11578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 677] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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52
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Lopez-Mago D, Novotny L. Quantum-optical coherence tomography with collinear entangled photons. OPTICS LETTERS 2012; 37:4077-4079. [PMID: 23027284 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.004077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Quantum-optical coherence tomography (QOCT) combines the principles of classical OCT with the correlation properties of entangled photon pairs [Phys. Rev. A 65, 053817 (2002)]. The standard QOCT configuration is based on the Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer, which uses entangled photons propagating in separate interferometer arms. This noncollinear configuration imposes practical limitations, e.g., misalignment due to drift and low signal-to-noise. Here, we introduce and implement QOCT based on collinear entangled photons. It makes use of a two-photon Michelson interferometer and offers several advantages, such as simplicity, robustness, and adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorilian Lopez-Mago
- Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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53
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Okano M, Okamoto R, Tanaka A, Subashchandran S, Takeuchi S. Generation of broadband spontaneous parametric fluorescence using multiple bulk nonlinear crystals. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:13977-13987. [PMID: 22714463 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.013977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel method for generating broadband spontaneous parametric fluorescence by using a set of bulk nonlinear crystals (NLCs). We also demonstrate this scheme experimentally. Our method employs a superposition of spontaneous parametric fluorescence spectra generated using multiple bulk NLCs. A typical bandwidth of 160 nm (73 THz) with a degenerate wavelength of 808 nm was achieved using two β-barium-borate (BBO) crystals, whereas a typical bandwidth of 75 nm (34 THz) was realized using a single BBO crystal. We also observed coincidence counts of generated photon pairs in a non-collinear configuration. The bandwidth could be further broadened by increasing the number of NLCs. Our demonstration suggests that a set of four BBO crystals could realize a bandwidth of approximately 215 nm (100 THz). We also discuss the stability of Hong-Ou-Mandel two-photon interference between the parametric fluorescence generated by this scheme. Our simple scheme is easy to implement with conventional NLCs and does not require special devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Okano
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
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54
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Wang SM, Mu SY, Zhu C, Gong YX, Xu P, Liu H, Li T, Zhu SN, Zhang X. Hong-Ou-Mandel interference mediated by the magnetic plasmon waves in a three-dimensional optical metamaterial. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:5213-5218. [PMID: 22418327 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.005213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We studied the quantum properties of magnetic plasmon waves in a three-dimensional coupled metamaterial. A Hong-Ou-Mandel dip of two-photon interference with a visibility of 86 ± 6.0% was explicitly observed, when the sample was inserted into one of the two arms of the interferometer. This meant that the quantum interference property survived in such a magnetic plasmon wave-mediated transmission process, thus testifying the magnetic plasmon waves owned a quantum nature. A full quantum model was utilized to describe our experimental results. The results showed that the metamaterials could not only steer the classical light but also the non-classical light and they might have potential application in the future quantum information.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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55
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Le Gouët J, Venkatraman D, Wong FNC, Shapiro JH. Experimental realization of phase-conjugate optical coherence tomography. OPTICS LETTERS 2010; 35:1001-3. [PMID: 20364197 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.001001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate phase-conjugate optical coherence tomography (PC-OCT) using a classical source of phase-sensitive cross-correlated beams to achieve measurement improvements shared by quantum OCT (Q-OCT): a factor-of-2 enhancement in axial resolution and even-order dispersion cancellation. Compared with coincidence counting used in Q-OCT, PC-OCT employs standard photodetection that results in much faster data acquisitions. This work belongs to a new class of classical techniques inspired by quantum methods that have advantages once thought to be exclusively quantum mechanical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Le Gouët
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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56
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Smith BJ, Mahou P, Cohen O, Lundeen JS, Walmsley IA. Photon pair generation in birefringent optical fibers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:23589-23602. [PMID: 20052068 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.023589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We study both experimentally and theoretically the generation of photon pairs by spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in standard birefringent optical fibers. The ability to produce a range of two-photon spectral states, from highly correlated (entangled) to completely factorable, by means of cross-polarized birefringent phase matching, is explored. A simple model is developed to predict the spectral state of the photon pair which shows how this can be adjusted by choosing the appropriate pump bandwidth, fiber length and birefringence. Spontaneous Raman scattering is modeled to determine the tradeoff between SFWM and background Raman noise, and the predicted results are shown to agree with experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Smith
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Singapore.
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57
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Baek SY, Cho YW, Kim YH. Nonlocal dispersion cancellation using entangled photons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:19241-19252. [PMID: 20372661 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.019241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A pair of optical pulses traveling through two dispersive media will become broadened and, as a result, the degree of coincidence between the optical pulses will be reduced. For a pair of entangled photons, however, nonlocal dispersion cancellation in which the dispersion experienced by one photon cancels the dispersion experienced by the other photon is possible. In this paper, we report an experimental demonstration of nonlocal dispersion cancellation using entangled photons. The degree of two-photon coincidence is shown to increase beyond the limit attainable without entanglement. Our results have important applications in fiber-based quantum communication and quantum metrology.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Baek
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
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58
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Kaltenbaek R, Lavoie J, Resch KJ. Classical analogues of two-photon quantum interference. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:243601. [PMID: 19659004 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.243601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chirped-pulse interferometry (CPI) captures the metrological advantages of quantum Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometry in a completely classical system. Modified HOM interferometers are the basis for a number of seminal quantum-interference effects. Here, the corresponding modifications to CPI allow for the first observation of classical analogues to the HOM peak and quantum beating. They also allow a new classical technique for generating phase super-resolution exhibiting a coherence length dramatically longer than that of the laser light, analogous to increased two-photon coherence lengths in entangled states.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kaltenbaek
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada, N2L 3G1
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59
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Lajunen H, Torres-Company V, Lancis J, Friberg AT. Resolution-enhanced optical coherence tomography based on classical intensity interferometry. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2009; 26:1049-54. [PMID: 19340281 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.26.001049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We propose a fourth-order interference scheme for optical coherence tomography operating with broadband incoherent (or quasi-incoherent) light. It is shown that using this proposal, an axial resolution improvement by a factor of sqrt 2 and a better sensitivity for weakly reflecting samples are obtained than with the standard second-order correlation scheme. From a practical perspective, we suggest the use of broadband Q-switched pulses and performing ultrafast intensity correlation with a nonlinear crystal. The global performance of our proposal is illustrated by means of numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Lajunen
- Departamento de Optica, Universidad de Valencia, ES-46100 Burjasot, Spain
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60
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Cohen O, Lundeen JS, Smith BJ, Puentes G, Mosley PJ, Walmsley IA. Tailored photon-pair generation in optical fibers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:123603. [PMID: 19392276 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.123603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally control the spectral structure of photon pairs created via spontaneous four-wave mixing in microstructured fibers. By fabricating fibers with designed dispersion, one can manipulate the photons' wavelengths, joint spectrum, and, thus, entanglement. As an example, we produce photon pairs with no spectral correlations, allowing direct heralding of single photons in pure-state wave packets without filtering. We achieve an experimental purity of (85.9+/-1.6)%, while theoretical analysis and preliminary tests suggest that 94.5% purity is possible with a much longer fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Offir Cohen
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
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61
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Minaeva O, Bonato C, Saleh BEA, Simon DS, Sergienko AV. Odd- and even-order dispersion cancellation in quantum interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:100504. [PMID: 19392098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel effect involving odd-order dispersion cancellation. We demonstrate that odd- and even-order dispersion cancellation may be obtained in different regions of a single quantum interferogram using frequency-anticorrelated entangled photons and a new type of quantum interferometer. This offers new opportunities for quantum communication and metrology in dispersive media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Minaeva
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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62
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Lavoie J, Kaltenbaek R, Resch KJ. Quantum-optical coherence tomography with classical light. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:3818-3825. [PMID: 19259223 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.003818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Quantum-optical coherence tomography (Q-OCT) is an interferometric technique for axial imaging offering several advantages over conventional methods. Chirped-pulse interferometry (CPI) was recently demonstrated to exhibit all of the benefits of the quantum interferometer upon which Q-OCT is based. Here we use CPI to measure axial interferograms to profile a sample accruing the important benefits of Q-OCT, including automatic dispersion cancellation, but with 10 million times higher signal. Our technique solves the artifact problem in Q-OCT and highlights the power of classical correlation in optical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lavoie
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada, N2L 3G1
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63
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Roslyak O, Mukamel S. Multidimensional pump-probe spectroscopy with entangled twin-photon states. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 2009; 79:63409. [PMID: 20607106 PMCID: PMC2895952 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.79.063409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We show that entangled photons may be used in coherent multidimensional nonlinear spectroscopy to provide information on matter by scanning photon wave function parameters (entanglement time and delay of twin photons), rather than frequencies and time delays, as is commonly done with classical pulses. Signals are expressed and interpreted intuitively in terms of products of matter and field correlation functions using a diagrammatic close time path loop formalism which reveals the entangled quantum pathways of the fields and matter. The pump-probe signal measured when the pump and the probe are in a twin entangled state shows two-photon resonant contributions which scale linearly rather than quadratically with the incident beam intensity and reveal frequencies of off-resonant transitions. Two-dimensional spectrograms obtained by double Fourier transform of the signal with respect to the entanglement time and delay of the twins could provide detailed information on correlations among states and dynamical processes with high temporal resolution. The analogy with multidimensional time-domain optical techniques which use sequences of short classical pulses and pulse shaping algorithms is pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksiy Roslyak
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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64
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Brezinski ME, Liu B. Nonlocal quantum macroscopic superposition in a high-thermal low-purity state. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 2008; 78:10.1103/PhysRevA.78.063824. [PMID: 24204102 PMCID: PMC3818030 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.78.063824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Quantum state exchange between light and matter is an important ingredient for future quantum information networks as well as other applications. Photons are the fastest and simplest carriers of information for transmission but in general, it is difficult to localize and store photons, so usually one prefers choosing matter as quantum memory elements. Macroscopic superposition and nonlocal quantum interactions have received considerable interest for this purpose over recent years in fields ranging from quantum computers to cryptography, in addition to providing major insights into physical laws. However, these experiments are generally performed either with equipment or under conditions that are unrealistic for practical applications. Ideally, the two can be combined using conventional equipment and conditions to generate a "quantum teleportation"-like state, particularly with a very small amount of purity existing in an overall highly mixed thermal state (relatively low decoherence at high temperatures). In this study we used an experimental design to demonstrate these principles. We performed optical coherence tomography (OCT) using a thermal source at room temperatures of a specifically designed target in the sample arm. Here, position uncertainty (i.e., dispersion) was induced in the reference arm. In the sample arm (target) we placed two glass plates separated by a different medium while altering position uncertainty in the reference arm. This resulted in a chirped signal between the glass plate reflective surfaces in the combined interferogram. The chirping frequency, as measured by the fast Fourier transform (FFT), varies with the medium between the plates, which is a nonclassical phenomenon. These results are statistically significant and occur from a superposition between the glass surface and the medium with increasing position uncertainty, a true quantum-mechanical phenomenon produced by photon pressure from two-photon interference. The differences in chirping frequency with medium disappears when second-order correlations are removed by dual balanced detection, confirming the proposed mechanism. We demonstrated that increasing position uncertainty at one site leads to position uncertainty (quantum position probability amplitude) nonlocally via second-order correlations (two-photon probability amplitude) from a low coherence thermal source (low purity, high local entropy). The implications, first, are that the phenomenon cannot be explained through classical mechanisms but can be explained within the context of quantum mechanics, particularly relevant to the second-order correlations where controversy exists. More specifically, we provide the theoretical framework that these results indicate a nonlocal macroscopic superposition is occurring through a two-photon probability amplitude-induced increase in the target position probability amplitude uncertainty. In addition, as the experiments were performed with a classical source at room temperature, it supports both the quantum-mechanical properties of second-order correlations and that macroscopic superposition is obtainable in a target not in a single coherent state (mixed state). Future work will focus on generalizing the observations outside the current experimental design and creating embodiments that allow practical application of the phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E. Brezinski
- Center for Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Physics, Department
of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA and Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Center for Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Physics, Department
of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA and Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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65
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Bonato C, Sergienko AV, Saleh BEA, Bonora S, Villoresi P. Even-order aberration cancellation in quantum interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:233603. [PMID: 19113552 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.233603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the first experimental demonstration of even-order aberration cancellation in quantum interferometry. The effect is a spatial counterpart of the spectral group velocity dispersion cancellation, which is associated with spectral entanglement. It is manifested in temporal interferometry by virtue of the multiparameter spatial-spectral entanglement. Spatially entangled photons, generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion, were subjected to spatial aberrations introduced by a deformable mirror that modulates the wave front. We show that only odd-order spatial aberrations affect the quality of quantum interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Bonato
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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66
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O'Donnell KA, U'Ren AB. Observation of ultrabroadband, beamlike parametric downconversion. OPTICS LETTERS 2007; 32:817-9. [PMID: 17339947 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.000817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We report spontaneous parametric downconversion having an unusually wide spectral bandwidth. A collinear type 1 phase-matching configuration is employed with degeneracy near the zero group-velocity dispersion frequency. With a spectral width of 1080 nm and degenerate wavelength of 1885 nm, the source also emits a high flux of 3.4 x 10(11) s(-1)W(-1) photon pairs constrained to a cone of only approximately 2 degrees half-angle. A rigorous theoretical approach is developed that confirms the experimental observations. The source properties are consistent with an ultrashort photon-pair correlation time and, for a narrowband pump, extremely high-dimensional spectral entanglement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A O'Donnell
- División de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Científica yde Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, 22800 Mexico.
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67
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Wasilewski W, Wasylczyk P, Kolenderski P, Banaszek K, Radzewicz C. Joint spectrum of photon pairs measured by coincidence Fourier spectroscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2006; 31:1130-2. [PMID: 16625926 DOI: 10.1364/ol.31.001130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We propose and demonstrate a method for measuring the joint spectrum of photon pairs via Fourier spectroscopy. The biphoton spectral intensity is computed from a two-dimensional interferogram of coincidence counts. The method has been implemented for a type-I downconversion source using a pair of common-path Mach-Zehnder interferometers based on Soleil compensators. The experimental results agree well with calculated frequency correlations that take into account the effects of coupling into single-mode fibers. The Fourier method is advantageous over scanning spectrometry when detectors exhibit high dark count rates leading to dominant additive noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Wasilewski
- Instiute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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68
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Torres JP, Macià F, Carrasco S, Torner L. Engineering the frequency correlations of entangled two-photon states by achromatic phase matching. OPTICS LETTERS 2005; 30:314-316. [PMID: 15751896 DOI: 10.1364/ol.30.000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We put forward a new method to control the spectra of photon pairs generated in parametric downconversion that allows their spectral properties to be tuned from correlation to anticorrelation, including uncorrelation. The method employs tilted pulses and can be implemented in materials and frequency bands for which conventional methods do not hold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Torres
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques and Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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69
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Carrasco S, Torres JP, Torner L, Sergienko A, Saleh BEA, Teich MC. Enhancing the axial resolution of quantum optical coherence tomography by chirped quasi-phase matching. OPTICS LETTERS 2004; 29:2429-2431. [PMID: 15532289 DOI: 10.1364/ol.29.002429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We show theoretically that a chirped quasi-phase-matching nonlinear crystal structure can significantly enhance the axial resolution in quantum optical coherence tomography by increasing the spectral width of the generated entangled photon pairs. For pulsed pumps we show how the pump-pulse duration affects the maximum resolution attainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Carrasco
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques and Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
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70
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Cheng J, Han S. Incoherent coincidence imaging and its applicability in X-ray diffraction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:093903. [PMID: 15089466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.093903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Entangled-photon coincidence imaging is a method to nonlocally image an object by transmitting a pair of entangled photons through the object and a reference optical system, respectively. The image of the object can be extracted from the coincidence rate of these two photons. From a classical perspective, the image is proportional to the fourth-order correlation function of the wave field. Using classical statistical optics, we study a particular aspect of coincidence imaging with incoherent sources. As an application, we give a proposal to realize lensless Fourier-transform imaging, and discuss its applicability in x-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Optics and Center for Cold Atom Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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