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Ghasemiyeh P, Azadi A, Daneshamouz S, Heidari R, Azarpira N, Mohammadi-Samani S. Cyproterone acetate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers: effect of particle size on skin penetration and follicular targeting. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 24:812-823. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1596133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Ghasemiyeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Azadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Daneshamouz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soliman Mohammadi-Samani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug delivery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Adapalene-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) microparticles: Physicochemical characterization and in vitro penetration by photoacoustic spectroscopy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213625. [PMID: 30897170 PMCID: PMC6428289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adapalene (ADAP) is an important drug widely used in the topical treatment of acne. It is a third-generation retinoid and provides keratolytic, anti-inflammatory, and antiseborrhoic action. However, some topical adverse effects such as erythema, dryness, and scaling have been reported with its commercial formula. In this sense, the microencapsulation of this drug using polyesters can circumvent its topical side effects and can lead to the enhancement of drug delivery into sebaceous glands. The goal of this work was to obtain ADAP-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) microparticles prepared by a simple emulsion/solvent evaporation method. Formulations containing 10 and 20% of ADAP were successfully obtained and characterized by morphological, spectroscopic, and thermal studies. Microparticles presented encapsulation efficiency of ADAP above 98% and showed a smooth surface and spherical shape. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results presented no drug-polymer chemical bond, and a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique showed a partial amorphization of the drug. ADAP permeation in the Strat-M membrane for transdermal diffusion testing was evaluated by photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) in the spectral region between 225 and 400 nm after 15 min and 3 h from the application of ADAP-loaded PCL formulations. PAS was successfully used for investigating the penetration of polymeric microparticles. In addition, microencapsulation decreased the in vitro transmembrane diffusion of ADAP.
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Kurtz SL, Lawson LB. Liposomes Enhance Dye Localization within the Mammary Ducts of Porcine Nipples. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:1703-1713. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Kurtz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112 United States
- Bioinnovation Ph.D. Program, Tulane University School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118 United States
| | - Louise B. Lawson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112 United States
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Caserta F, Brown MB, McAuley WJ. The use of heat and chemical penetration enhancers to increase the follicular delivery of erythromycin to the skin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 132:55-62. [PMID: 30797027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The effect of heat on the follicular absorption of drugs into the skin has not previously been investigated. In comparison to drug delivery across the continuous stratum corneum (SC), follicular absorption is known to be relatively rapid and therefore the use of short durations of heat may be particularly useful for enhancing drug delivery to the hair follicles, as well as being practical for patients to use. In this study erythromycin has been used as a model drug and the combined use of heat and chemical penetration enhancers was found to be able to synergistically increase the penetration of erythromycin into human skin via the follicular route. Moreover durations of heat application as short as 10 min in combination with particular enhancer systems were found to be sufficient to significantly increase erythromycin delivery to the skin. Overall the data indicate that the use of heat with chemical penetration enhancers offers a potentially valuable strategy for delivering drugs via the follicular route.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Caserta
- Centre for Research in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - M B Brown
- Centre for Research in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK; MedPharm Ltd., Unit 3 Chancellor Court, 50 Occam Road, Surrey Research Park, Guildford GU2 7AB, UK
| | - W J McAuley
- Centre for Research in Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.
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Sohail MI, Waris AA, Ayub MA, Usman M, Zia ur Rehman M, Sabir M, Faiz T. Environmental application of nanomaterials: A promise to sustainable future. ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS AND PHYTONANOTECHNOLOGY: CHALLENGES FOR PLANT SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Priyam A, Singh PP, Gehlout S. Role of Endocrine-Disrupting Engineered Nanomaterials in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:704. [PMID: 30542324 PMCID: PMC6277880 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has enabled the development of innovative technologies and products for several industrial sectors. Their unique physicochemical and size-dependent properties make the engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) superior for devising solutions for various research and development sectors, which are otherwise unachievable by their bulk forms. However, the remarkable advantages mediated by ENMs and their applications have also raised concerns regarding their possible toxicological impacts on human health. The actual issue stems from the absence of systematic data on ENM exposure-mediated health hazards. In this direction, a comprehensive exploration on the health-related consequences, especially with respect to endocrine disruption-related metabolic disorders, is largely lacking. The reasons for the rapid increase in diabetes and obesity in the modern world remain largely unclear, and epidemiological studies indicate that the increased presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment may influence the incidence of metabolic diseases. Functional similarities, such as mimicking natural hormonal actions, have been observed between the endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and ENMs, which supports the view that different types of NMs may be capable of altering the physiological activity of the endocrine system. Disruption of the endocrine system leads to hormonal imbalance, which may influence the development and pathogenesis of metabolic disorders, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Evidence from many in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies, suggests that ENMs generally exert deleterious effects on the molecular/hormonal pathways and the organ systems involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM. However, the available data from several such studies are not congruent, especially because of discrepancies in study design, and therefore need to be carefully examined before drawing meaningful inferences. In this review, we discuss the outcomes of ENM exposure in correlation with the development of T2DM. In particular, the review focuses on the following sub-topics: (1) an overview of the sources of human exposure to NMs, (2) systems involved in the uptake of ENMs into human body, (3) endocrine disrupting engineered nanomaterials (EDENMs) and mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of T2DM, (4) evidence of the role of EDENMs in the pathogenesis of T2DM from in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies, and (5) conclusions and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pushplata Prasad Singh
- TERI Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India
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Scalia S, Battaglioli S, Bianchi A. In vivo Human Skin Penetration of the UV Filter Ethylhexyl Triazone: Effect of Lipid Microparticle Encapsulation. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 32:22-31. [DOI: 10.1159/000493761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gold MH, Biron JA, Wilson A. Randomized, side-by-side comparison of a topical photo-enhancer gel for hair removal: an efficacy and safety study. J COSMET LASER THER 2018; 21:264-269. [PMID: 30300021 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2018.1525748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Novel protocols are evolving to enhance hair follicle damage while preserving safety and improving efficacy. Objectives: The safety and tolerability of a 755-nm diode laser was compared to a combined laser with topical photo-enhancer gel ("combined") versus laser alone ("solo"). Methods: Twenty women (age 23-33 years old), Fitzpatrick skin type I-V, were randomized to side-by-side comparisons with a laser hair removal protocol. The combined side received reduced laser energy compared to the solo side. The laser used in-motion super hair removal technology. Subjects received up to four treatments. Subjects were assessed at baseline and at 1 and 6 months after the last treatment. Results: At the 1-month follow-up, there were no statistical differences in percent hair reduction between the combined (81 ± 16%) versus the solo (77 ± 15%) protocols (p > 0.05). Similarly, at 6-month follow-up, there are no statistical differences between the combined (71 ± 24%) versus the solo (70 ± 23%) treatment protocols (p > 0.05). The average accumulative laser energy in the combined side was half of the solo side (4.2 ± 1.6 vs. 7.6 ± 2.7 kJ, respectively). Pain during the procedure was significantly higher in the solo (5.5 ± 1.8) versus the combined (3.8 ± 1.7) protocol (p < 0.001). Conclusion: A laser hair removal paradigm that combines a 755-nm diode laser with a photo-enhancer gel (reduced kJ protocol) is clinically effective as a solo treatment protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Gold
- a Tennessee Clinical Research Center , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Julie A Biron
- a Tennessee Clinical Research Center , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - April Wilson
- a Tennessee Clinical Research Center , Nashville , TN , USA
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Dermal flurbiprofen nanosuspensions: Optimization with design of experiment approach and in vitro evaluation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 122:254-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zorn-Kruppa M, Vidal-Y-Sy S, Houdek P, Wladykowski E, Grzybowski S, Gruber R, Gorzelanny C, Harcup J, Schneider SW, Majumdar A, Brandner JM. Tight Junction barriers in human hair follicles - role of claudin-1. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12800. [PMID: 30143655 PMCID: PMC6109114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Barrier function of hair follicles (HFs) is of great interest because they might be an entry port for allergens/pathogens, but could on the other hand be used for drug delivery or vaccination. Therefore we investigated tight junction (TJ) barrier function in human HFs. We show that there is a TJ barrier in the outermost living layer bordering to the environment from the infundibulum to the lower central part and between Henle’s and Huxles layer of anagen HFs. In club hair typical for catagen and telogen HFs a TJ barrier is found surrounding the club. This demonstrates that there is a continuous TJ barrier along interfollicular epidermis and HFs in different phases of HF cycle. However, interestingly, in cell culture experiments we can show that barrier is less tight in HF keratinocytes compared to interfollicular keratinocytes. Knock-down of the TJ protein claudin-1, which we demonstrate here to be less expressed in HFs of lesional atopic dermatitis skin, results in impaired barrier function, decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of hair keratinocytes. This is in line with a hair growth phenotype in claudin-1 deficient patients (NISCH syndrome) and corresponding knock-out mice and indicates an important role of claudin-1 in HF barrier function and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Zorn-Kruppa
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Vidal-Y-Sy
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pia Houdek
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ewa Wladykowski
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Robert Gruber
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Gorzelanny
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jason Harcup
- Unilever R&D Port Sunlight Laboratory, Bebington, UK
| | - Stefan W Schneider
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Johanna M Brandner
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Li J, Ghatak S, El Masry MS, Das A, Liu Y, Roy S, Lee RJ, Sen CK. Topical Lyophilized Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles in the Restoration of Skin Barrier Function following Burn Wound. Mol Ther 2018; 26:2178-2188. [PMID: 29802017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyophilized keratinocyte-targeted nanocarriers (TLNκ) loaded with locked nucleic acid (LNA) modified anti-miR were developed for topical application to full thickness burn injury. TLNκ were designed to selectively deliver LNA-anti-miR-107 to keratinocytes using the peptide sequence ASKAIQVFLLAG. TLNκ employed DOTAP/DODAP combination pH-responsive lipid components to improve endosomal escape. To minimize interference of clearance by non-targeted cells, especially immune cells in the acute wound microenvironment, surface charge was neutralized. Lyophilization was performed to extend the shelf life of the lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Encapsulation efficiency of anti-miR in lyophilized TLNκ was estimated to be 96.54%. Cargo stability of lyophilized TLNκ was tested. After 9 days of loading with anti-miR-210, TLNκ was effective in lowering abundance of the hypoxamiR miR-210 in keratinocytes challenged with hypoxia. Keratinocyte uptake of DiD-labeled TLNκ was selective and exceeded 90% within 4 hr. Topical application of hydrogel-dispersed lyophilized TLNκ encapsulating LNA anti-miR-107 twice a week significantly accelerated wound closure and restoration of skin barrier function. TLNκ/anti-miR-107 application depleted miR-107 and upregulated dicer expression, which accelerated differentiation of keratinocytes. Expression of junctional proteins such as claudin-1, loricrin, filaggrin, ZO-1, and ZO-2 were significantly upregulated following TLNκ/anti-miR-107 treatment. These LNPs are promising as topical therapeutic agents in the management of burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Li
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Subhadip Ghatak
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mohamed S El Masry
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of General Surgery (Plastic Surgery Unit), Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sashwati Roy
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert J Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chandan K Sen
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Role of Nanotechnology in Cosmeceuticals: A Review of Recent Advances. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 2018; 2018:3420204. [PMID: 29785318 PMCID: PMC5892223 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3420204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology manifests the progression in the arena of research and development, by increasing the efficacy of the product through delivery of innovative solutions. To overcome certain drawbacks associated with the traditional products, application of nanotechnology is escalating in the area of cosmeceuticals. Cosmeceuticals are regarded as the fastest growing segment of the personal care industry and the use has risen drastically over the years. Nanocosmeceuticals used for skin, hair, nail, and lip care, for conditions like wrinkles, photoaging, hyperpigmentation, dandruff, and hair damage, have come into widespread use. Novel nanocarriers like liposomes, niosomes, nanoemulsions, microemulsion, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carrier, and nanospheres have replaced the usage of conventional delivery system. These novel nanocarriers have advantages of enhanced skin penetration, controlled and sustained drug release, higher stability, site specific targeting, and high entrapment efficiency. However, nanotoxicological researches have indicated concern regarding the impact of increased use of nanoparticles in cosmeceuticals as there are possibilities of nanoparticles to penetrate through skin and cause health hazards. This review on nanotechnology used in cosmeceuticals highlights the various novel carriers used for the delivery of cosmeceuticals, their positive and negative aspects, marketed formulations, toxicity, and regulations of nanocosmeceuticals.
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Dragicevic N, Maibach H. Combined use of nanocarriers and physical methods for percutaneous penetration enhancement. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 127:58-84. [PMID: 29425769 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dermal and transdermal drug delivery (due to its non-invasiveness, avoidance of the first-pass metabolism, controlling the rate of drug input over a prolonged time, etc.) have gained significant acceptance. Several methods are employed to overcome the permeability barrier of the skin, improving drug penetration into/through skin. Among chemical penetration enhancement methods, nanocarriers have been extensively studied. When applied alone, nanocarriers mostly deliver drugs to skin and can be used to treat skin diseases. To achieve effective transdermal drug delivery, nanocarriers should be applied with physical methods, as they act synergistically in enhancing drug penetration. This review describes combined use of frequently used nanocarriers (liposomes, novel elastic vesicles, lipid-based and polymer-based nanoparticles and dendrimers) with the most efficient physical methods (microneedles, iontophoresis, ultrasound and electroporation) and demonstrates superiority of the combined use of nanocarriers and physical methods in drug penetration enhancement compared to their single use.
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Volkova EK, Yanina IY, Genina EA, Bashkatov AN, Konyukhova JG, Popov AP, Speranskaya ES, Bucharskaya AB, Navolokin NA, Goryacheva IY, Kochubey VI, Sukhorukov GB, Meglinski IV, Tuchin VV. Delivery and reveal of localization of upconversion luminescent microparticles and quantum dots in the skin in vivo by fractional laser microablation, multimodal imaging, and optical clearing. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-11. [PMID: 29405049 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.2.026001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Delivery and spatial localization of upconversion luminescent microparticles [Y2O3:Yb, Er] (mean size ∼1.6 μm) and quantum dots (QDs) (CuInS2/ZnS nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol-based amphiphilic polymer, mean size ∼20 nm) inside rat skin was studied in vivo using a multimodal optical imaging approach. The particles were embedded into the skin dermis to the depth from 300 to 500 μm through microchannels performed by fractional laser microablation. Low-frequency ultrasound was applied to enhance penetration of the particles into the skin. Visualization of the particles was revealed using a combination of luminescent spectroscopy, optical coherence tomography, confocal microscopy, and histochemical analysis. Optical clearing was used to enhance the image contrast of the luminescent signal from the particles. It was demonstrated that the penetration depth of particles depends on their size, resulting in a different detection time interval (days) of the luminescent signal from microparticles and QDs inside the rat skin in vivo. We show that luminescent signal from the upconversion microparticles and QDs was detected after the particle delivery into the rat skin in vivo during eighth and fourth days, respectively. We hypothesize that the upconversion microparticles have created a long-time depot localized in the laser-created channels, as the QDs spread over the surrounding tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena K Volkova
- Saratov State University (National Research University), Optics and Biophotonics Department, Saratov, Russia
- University of Oulu, Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Oulu, Finland
- Tomsk State University (National Research University), Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics,, Russia
| | - Irina Yu Yanina
- Saratov State University (National Research University), Optics and Biophotonics Department, Saratov, Russia
- Tomsk State University (National Research University), Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics,, Russia
| | - Elina A Genina
- Saratov State University (National Research University), Optics and Biophotonics Department, Saratov, Russia
- Tomsk State University (National Research University), Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics,, Russia
| | - Alexey N Bashkatov
- Saratov State University (National Research University), Optics and Biophotonics Department, Saratov, Russia
- Tomsk State University (National Research University), Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics,, Russia
| | - Julia G Konyukhova
- Saratov State University (National Research University), Optics and Biophotonics Department, Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexey P Popov
- University of Oulu, Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Oulu, Finland
- Tomsk State University (National Research University), Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics,, Russia
- ITMO University, Terahertz Biomedicine Laboratory, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena S Speranskaya
- Saratov State University (National Research University), General and Inorganic Chemistry Department,, Russia
| | | | | | - Irina Yu Goryacheva
- Saratov State University (National Research University), General and Inorganic Chemistry Department,, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav I Kochubey
- Saratov State University (National Research University), Optics and Biophotonics Department, Saratov, Russia
- University of Oulu, Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Oulu, Finland
| | - Gleb B Sukhorukov
- Saratov State University (National Research University), Optics and Biophotonics Department, Saratov, Russia
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Engineering and Materials Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Igor V Meglinski
- University of Oulu, Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Oulu, Finland
- Tomsk State University (National Research University), Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics,, Russia
- Irkutsk State University, Institute of Biology, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Valery V Tuchin
- Saratov State University (National Research University), Optics and Biophotonics Department, Saratov, Russia
- Tomsk State University (National Research University), Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics,, Russia
- ITMO University, Laboratory of Femtomedicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Chen Z, Lv Y, Qi J, Zhu Q, Lu Y, Wu W. Overcoming or circumventing the stratum corneum barrier for efficient transcutaneous immunization. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:181-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Das S, Khuda-Bukhsh AR. PLGA-loaded nanomedicines in melanoma treatment: Future prospect for efficient drug delivery. Indian J Med Res 2017; 144:181-193. [PMID: 27934796 PMCID: PMC5206868 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.195024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatment methods for melanoma have some limitations such as less target-specific action, severe side effects and resistance to drugs. Significant progress has been made in exploring novel drug delivery systems based on suitable biochemical mechanisms using nanoparticles ranging from 10 to 400 nm for drug delivery and imaging, utilizing their enhanced penetration and retention properties. Poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA), a copolymer of poly-lactic acid and poly-glycolic acid, provides an ideally suited performance-based design for better penetration into skin cells, thereby having a greater potential for the treatment of melanoma. Moreover, encapsulation protects the drug from deactivation by biological reactions and interactions with biomolecules, ensuring successful delivery and bioavailability for effective treatment. Controlled and sustained delivery of drugs across the skin barrier that otherwise prohibits entry of larger molecules can be successfully made with adequately stable biocompatible nanocarriers such as PLGA for taking drugs through the small cutaneous pores permitting targeted deposition and prolonged drug action. PLGA is now being extensively used in photodynamic therapy and targeted therapy through modulation of signal proteins and drug-DNA interactions. Recent advances made on these nanomedicines and their advantages in the treatment of skin melanoma are highlighted and discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreemanti Das
- Department of Zoology, Cytogenetics & Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh
- Department of Zoology, Cytogenetics & Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
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Tang KT, Ku KC, Chen DY, Lin CH, Tsuang BJ, Chen YH. Adult atopic dermatitis and exposure to air pollutants-a nationwide population-based study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017; 118:351-355. [PMID: 28126434 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a trend toward an increased worldwide prevalence of allergic diseases. It is speculated that industrialization with resultant air pollution plays a role. However, there are sparse epidemiologic data on the relation between air pollution and atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relation between exposure to air pollutants and adult AD in a cross-sectional study based on data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. METHODS We identified 1,023 adult patients with AD and 4,092 age- and sex-matched controls without allergic diseases in 2011. Using data from 71 Environmental Protection Agency monitoring stations across Taiwan, levels of exposure to air pollutants were determined by the location of a subject's place of residence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex, levels of urbanization, and family income, was performed. RESULTS We found an association between particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter or the Pollutant Standards Index (the highest sub-index of the concentrations of 5 main air pollutants after transformation) and the development of adult AD. The adjusted odds ratios were 1.05 (95% confidence interval 1.02-1.08) and 1.02 (95% confidence interval 1.01-1.03), respectively. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that air pollution, represented by particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter or the Pollutant Standards Index, was modestly associated with the development of AD in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Tung Tang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; PhD Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chen Ku
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yuan Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Heng Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Jei Tsuang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsing Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Anjum NA, Rodrigo MAM, Moulick A, Heger Z, Kopel P, Zítka O, Adam V, Lukatkin AS, Duarte AC, Pereira E, Kizek R. Transport phenomena of nanoparticles in plants and animals/humans. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:233-243. [PMID: 27504871 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of a plethora nanoparticles with major biota such as plants and animals/humans has been the subject of various multidisciplinary studies with special emphasis on toxicity aspects. However, reports are meager on the transport phenomena of nanoparticles in the plant-animal/human system. Since plants and animals/humans are closely linked via food chain, discussion is imperative on the main processes and mechanisms underlying the transport phenomena of nanoparticles in the plant-animal/human system, which is the main objective of this paper. Based on the literature appraised herein, it is recommended to perform an exhaustive exploration of so far least explored aspects such as reproducibility, predictability, and compliance risks of nanoparticles, and insights into underlying mechanisms in context with their transport phenomenon in the plant-animal/human system. The outcomes of the suggested studies can provide important clues for fetching significant benefits of rapidly expanding nanotechnology to the plant-animal/human health-improvements and protection as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser A Anjum
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Angel Merlos Rodrigo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Metallomics and Nanotechnologies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Amitava Moulick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Metallomics and Nanotechnologies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Metallomics and Nanotechnologies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Metallomics and Nanotechnologies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Zítka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Metallomics and Nanotechnologies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Metallomics and Nanotechnologies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander S Lukatkin
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Ecology of Plants, N.P. Ogarev Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaja Str., 68, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Armando C Duarte
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Metallomics and Nanotechnologies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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70
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Vogt A, Wischke C, Neffe AT, Ma N, Alexiev U, Lendlein A. Nanocarriers for drug delivery into and through the skin — Do existing technologies match clinical challenges? J Control Release 2016; 242:3-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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71
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Solid nanoemulsion as antigen and immunopotentiator carrier for transcutaneous immunization. Cell Immunol 2016; 308:35-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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72
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Kijima S, Todo H, Matsumoto Y, Masaki R, Kadhum WR, Sugibayashi K. A useful technique using imaging mass spectrometry for detecting the skin distribution of topically applied lidocaine. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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73
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Laredj-Bourezg F, Bolzinger MA, Pelletier J, Valour JP, Rovère MR, Smatti B, Chevalier Y. Skin delivery by block copolymer nanoparticles (block copolymer micelles). Int J Pharm 2015; 496:1034-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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74
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Bertani R, Sgarbossa P, Pendolino F, Facchin G, Snenghi R. A case of chemical scalp burns after hair highlights: experimental evidence of oxidative injuries. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2015; 35:332-6. [DOI: 10.3109/15569527.2015.1104328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bertani
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
| | - Paolo Sgarbossa
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
| | - Flavio Pendolino
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,
| | - Giangiacomo Facchin
- Istituto per l’Energetica e le Interfasi, National Council of Research, Padova, Italy, and
| | - Rossella Snenghi
- Forensic Toxicology and Antidoping Unit, Padova Hospital, Padova, Italy
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75
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Roxithromycin-loaded lipid nanoparticles for follicular targeting. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:807-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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76
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Fölster-Holst R, Galecka J, Weißmantel S, Dickschat U, Rippke F, Bohnsack K, Werfel T, Wichmann K, Buchner M, Schwarz T, Vogt A, Lademann J, Meinke MC. Birch pollen influence the severity of atopic eczema - prospective clinical cohort pilot study and ex vivo penetration study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2015; 8:539-48. [PMID: 26604810 PMCID: PMC4629950 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s81700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There is little clinical evidence for a correlation between the severity of atopic eczema (AE) and pollen exposition. To obtain more data, we performed a clinical cohort pilot study about the influence of pollen on AE between sensitized and nonsensitized subjects and an experimental study addressing the cutaneous penetration of pollen into the skin. Fifty-five patients were monitored during birch pollen season. To study the cutaneous penetration, grass pollen allergens were applied on excised skin and the uptake in CD1c-expressing dendritic cells was investigated. The correlation between environmental pollen load and severity of the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score and pruritus was observed, regardless of the status of sensitization. The sensitized group recovered significantly worse after the birch pollen season. Remarkably higher amounts of pollen allergens taken up by CD1c cells were detected in epidermal cells derived from skin explants with a disturbed epidermal barrier. These findings suggest an exacerbating role of pollen in AE utilizing the epidermal route.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jagoda Galecka
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Sigo Weißmantel
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, University of Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Werfel
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katja Wichmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Buchner
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwarz
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Annika Vogt
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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77
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Belikov AV, Skrypnik AV, Shatilova KV, Tuchin VV. Multi-beam laser-induced hydrodynamic shock waves used for delivery of microparticles and liquids in skin. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 47:723-36. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Belikov
- Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies; Mechanics and Optics; Saint-Petersburg 197101 Russian Federation
| | - Alexei V. Skrypnik
- Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies; Mechanics and Optics; Saint-Petersburg 197101 Russian Federation
| | - Ksenia V. Shatilova
- Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies; Mechanics and Optics; Saint-Petersburg 197101 Russian Federation
| | - Valery V. Tuchin
- Research-Educational Institute of Optics and Biophotonics; Saratov State University; Saratov 410012 Russian Federation
- Institute of Precise Mechanics and Control of Russian Academy of Sciences; Saratov 410028 Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Biophotonics; Tomsk State University; Tomsk 634050 Russian Federation
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78
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79
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Applications and limitations of lipid nanoparticles in dermal and transdermal drug delivery via the follicular route. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 97:152-63. [PMID: 26144664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LN) such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanolipid carriers (NLC) feature several claimed benefits for topical drug therapy including biocompatible ingredients, drug release modification, adhesion to the skin, and film formation with subsequent hydration of the superficial skin layers. However, penetration and permeation into and across deeper skin layers are restricted due to the barrier function of the stratum corneum (SC). As different kinds of nanoparticles provide the potential for penetration into hair follicles (HF) LN are applicable drug delivery systems (DDS) for this route in order to enhance the dermal and transdermal bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). Therefore, this review addresses the HF as application site, published formulations of LN which showed follicular penetration (FP), and characterization methods in order to identify and quantify the accumulation of API delivered by the LN in the HF. Since LN are based on lipids that appear in human sebum which is the predominant medium in HF an increased localization of the colloidal carriers as well as a promoted drug release may be assumed. Therefore, sebum-like lipid material and a size of less or equal 640 nm are appropriate specifications for FP of particulate formulations.
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80
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Ultrasonic delivery of silica–gold nanoshells for photothermolysis of sebaceous glands in humans: Nanotechnology from the bench to clinic. J Control Release 2015; 206:30-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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81
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The impact of urban particulate pollution on skin barrier function and the subsequent drug absorption. J Dermatol Sci 2015; 78:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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82
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Jain S, Mistry MA, Swarnakar NK. Enhanced dermal delivery of acyclovir using solid lipid nanoparticles. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 1:395-406. [PMID: 25788423 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-011-0036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was enthused by the possibility to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of hydrophilic drug acyclovir (ACV) and evaluate their potential as the carrier for dermal delivery. ACV-loaded SLNs (ACV-SLNs) were prepared by the optimized double emulsion process using Compritol 888 ATO as solid lipid. The prepared SLNs were smooth and spherical in shape with average diameter, polydispersity index, and entrapment efficiency of 262 ± 13 nm, 0.280 ± 0.01, and 40.08 ± 4.39% at 10% (w/w) theoretical drug loading with respect to Compritol 888 ATO content. Differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction pattern revealed that ACV was present in the amorphous state inside the SLNs. In vitro skin permeation studies on human cadaver and Sprague-Dawley rat skin revealed 17.65 and 15.17 times higher accumulation of ACV-SLNs in the dermal tissues in comparison to commercially available ACV cream after 24 h. Mechanism of topical permeation and dermal distribution was studied qualitatively using confocal laser scanning microscopy. While free dye (calcein) failed to penetrate skin barrier, the same encapsulated in SLNs penetrated deeply into the dermal tissue suggesting that pilosebaceous route was followed by SLNs for skin penetration. Histological examination and transdermal epidermal water loss measurement suggested that no major morphological changes occurred on rat skin surface due to the application of SLNs. Overall, it was concluded that ACV-loaded SLNs might be beneficial in improving dermal delivery of antiviral agent(s) for the treatment of topical herpes simplex infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, 160062, Punjab, India,
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83
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Paithankar DY, Sakamoto FH, Farinelli WA, Kositratna G, Blomgren RD, Meyer TJ, Faupel LJ, Kauvar ANB, Lloyd JR, Cheung WL, Owczarek WD, Suwalska AM, Kochanska KB, Nawrocka AK, Paluchowska EB, Podolec KM, Pirowska MM, Wojas-Pelc AB, Anderson RR. Acne Treatment Based on Selective Photothermolysis of Sebaceous Follicles with Topically Delivered Light-Absorbing Gold Microparticles. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1727-1734. [PMID: 25748556 PMCID: PMC4580730 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of acne vulgaris depends on active sebaceous glands, implying that selective destruction of sebaceous glands could be an effective treatment. We hypothesized that light-absorbing microparticles could be delivered into sebaceous glands, enabling local injury by optical pulses. A suspension of topically applied gold-coated silica microparticles exhibiting plasmon resonance with strong absorption at 800 nm was delivered into human pre-auricular and swine sebaceous glands in vivo, using mechanical vibration. After exposure to 10-50 J cm(-2), 30 milliseconds, 800 nm diode laser pulses, microscopy revealed preferential thermal injury to sebaceous follicles and glands, consistent with predictions from a computational model. Inflammation was mild; gold particles were not retained in swine skin 1 month after treatment, and uptake in other organs was negligible. Two independent prospective randomized controlled clinical trials were performed for treatment of moderate-to-severe facial acne, using unblinded and blinded assessments of disease severity. Each trial showed clinically and statistically significant improvement of inflammatory acne following three treatments given 1-2 weeks apart. In Trial 2, inflammatory lesions were significantly reduced at 12 weeks (P=0.015) and 16 weeks (P=0.04) compared with sham treatments. Optical microparticles enable selective photothermolysis of sebaceous glands. This appears to be a well-tolerated, effective treatment for acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda H Sakamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - William A Farinelli
- Department of Dermatology, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Garuna Kositratna
- Department of Dermatology, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wang L Cheung
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Witold D Owczarek
- Department of Dermatology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M Suwalska
- Department of Dermatology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - R Rox Anderson
- Department of Dermatology, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
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84
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Monti D, Chetoni P, Burgalassi S, Tampucci S, Centini M, Anselmi C. 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor microspheres: reconstituted epidermis (Skinethic®) permeation and distribution. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 37:298-305. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Monti
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - P. Chetoni
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - S. Burgalassi
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - S. Tampucci
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - M. Centini
- Department of Biotechnology; Chemistry and Pharmacy; University of Siena; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - C. Anselmi
- Department of Biotechnology; Chemistry and Pharmacy; University of Siena; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
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85
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Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Strategies and Challenges. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11355-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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86
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Vogt A, Rancan F, Ahlberg S, Nazemi B, Choe CS, Darvin ME, Hadam S, Blume-Peytavi U, Loza K, Diendorf J, Epple M, Graf C, Rühl E, Meinke MC, Lademann J. Interaction of dermatologically relevant nanoparticles with skin cells and skin. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:2363-2373. [PMID: 25551064 PMCID: PMC4273260 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of nanoparticle interactions with tissues is complex. High levels of standardization, ideally testing of different material types in the same biological model, and combinations of sensitive imaging and detection methods are required. Here, we present our studies on nanoparticle interactions with skin, skin cells, and biological media. Silica, titanium dioxide and silver particles were chosen as representative examples for different types of skin exposure to nanomaterials, e.g., unintended environmental exposure (silica) versus intended exposure through application of sunscreen (titanium dioxide) or antiseptics (silver). Because each particle type exhibits specific physicochemical properties, we were able to apply different combinations of methods to examine skin penetration and cellular uptake, including optical microscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray microscopy on cells and tissue sections, flow cytometry of isolated skin cells as well as Raman microscopy on whole tissue blocks. In order to assess the biological relevance of such findings, cell viability and free radical production were monitored on cells and in whole tissue samples. The combination of technologies and the joint discussion of results enabled us to look at nanoparticle-skin interactions and the biological relevance of our findings from different angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Vogt
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fiorenza Rancan
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ahlberg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Berouz Nazemi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chun Sik Choe
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, DPR Korea
| | - Maxim E Darvin
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Hadam
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kateryna Loza
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Jörg Diendorf
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Christina Graf
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckart Rühl
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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87
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Scalia S, Young PM, Traini D. Solid lipid microparticles as an approach to drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:583-99. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.980812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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88
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Comparative hair restorer efficacy of medicinal herb on nude (Foxn1nu) mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:319795. [PMID: 25478567 PMCID: PMC4247959 DOI: 10.1155/2014/319795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk, Asiasarum sieboldii (Miq.) F. Maek (Asiasari radix), and Panax ginseng C. A. Mey (red ginseng) are traditionally acclaimed for therapeutic properties of various human ailments. Synergistic effect of each standardized plant extract was investigated for hair growth potential on nude mice, as these mutant mice genetically lack hair due to abnormal keratinization. Dried plant samples were ground and extracted by methanol. Topical application was performed on the back of nude mice daily up to completion of two hair growth generations. The hair density and length of Eclipta alba treated mice were increased significantly (P > 0.001) than control mice. Hair growth area was also distinctly visible in Eclipta alba treated mice. On the other hand, Asiasari radix and Panax ginseng treated mice developing hair loss were recognized from the abortive boundaries of hair coverage. Histomorphometric observation of nude mice skin samples revealed an increase in number of hair follicles (HFs). The presence of follicular keratinocytes was confirmed by BrdU labeling, S-phase cells in HFs. Therefore, Eclipta alba extract and/or phytochemicals strongly displayed incomparability of hair growth promotion activity than others. Thus, the standardized Eclipta alba extract can be used as an effective, alternative, and complementary treatment against hair loss.
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89
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Nafisi S, Schäfer-Korting M, Maibach HI. Perspectives on percutaneous penetration: Silica nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:643-57. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.958115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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90
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Abstract
We developed two dose-response algorithms for P. aeruginosa pool folliculitis using bacterial and lesion density estimates, associated with undetectable, significant, and almost certain folliculitis. Literature data were fitted to Furumoto & Mickey's equations, developed for plant epidermis-invading pathogens: N l = A ln(1 + BC) (log-linear model); P inf = 1-e(-r c C) (exponential model), where A and B are 2.51644 × 107 lesions/m2 and 2.28011 × 10-11 c.f.u./ml P. aeruginosa, respectively; C = pathogen density (c.f.u./ml), N l = folliculitis lesions/m2, P inf = probability of infection, and r C = 4·3 × 10-7 c.f.u./ml P. aeruginosa. Outbreak data indicates these algorithms apply to exposure durations of 41 ± 25 min. Typical water quality benchmarks (≈10-2 c.f.u./ml) appear conservative but still useful as the literature indicated repeated detection likely implies unstable control barriers and bacterial bloom potential. In future, culture-based outbreak testing should be supplemented with quantitative polymerase chain reaction and organic carbon assays, and quantification of folliculitis aetiology to better understand P. aeruginosa risks.
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91
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Antonio JR, Antônio CR, Cardeal ILS, Ballavenuto JMA, Oliveira JR. Nanotechnology in dermatology. An Bras Dermatol 2014; 89:126-36. [PMID: 24626657 PMCID: PMC3938363 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The scientific community and general public have been exposed to a series of achievements attributed to a new area of knowledge: Nanotechnology. Both abroad and in Brazil, funding agencies have launched programs aimed at encouraging this type of research. Indeed, for many who come into contact with this subject it will be clear the key role that chemical knowledge will play in the evolution of this subject. And even more, will see that it is a science in which the basic structure is formed by distilling different areas of inter-and multidisciplinary knowledge along the lines of new paradigms. In this article, we attempt to clarify the foundations of nanotechnology, and demonstrate their contribution to new advances in dermatology as well as medicine in general. Nanotechnology is clearly the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Roberto Antonio
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, Hospital de Base, Dermatology Service, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Emeritus Professor, State School of Medicine, São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) - Head of Dermatology and the Dermatology Service, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Antônio
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, Hospital de Base, Dermatology Service, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Doctor Dermatologist - Professor responsible for Dermatological and Laser Surgery, Dermatology Service, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Izabela Lídia Soares Cardeal
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Doctor, State School of Medicine, São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP). Resident of the Dermatology Service, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Avelino Ballavenuto
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Medical Academic, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - João Rodrigo Oliveira
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Medical Academic, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
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92
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Vogt A, Blume-Peytavi U. Selective hair therapy: bringing science to the fiction. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:83-6. [PMID: 24387677 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Investigations on carrier-based drug delivery systems for higher selectivity in hair therapy have clearly evolved from dye release and model studies to highly sophisticated approaches, many of which specifically tackle hair indications and the delivery of hair-relevant molecules. Here, we group recent hair disease-oriented work into efforts towards (i) improved delivery of conventional drugs, (ii) delivery of novel drug classes, for example biomolecules and (iii) targeted delivery on the cellular/molecular level. Considering the solid foundation of experimental work, it does not take a large step outside the current box of thinking to follow the idea of using large carriers (>500 nm, unlikely to penetrate as a whole) for follicular penetration, retention and protection of sensitive compounds. Yet, reports on particles <200 nm being internalized by keratinocytes and dendritic cells at sites of barrier disruption (e.g., hair follicles) combined with recent advances in nanodermatology add interesting new facets to the possibilities carrier technologies could offer, for example, unprecedented levels of selectivity. The authors provide thought-provoking ideas on how smart delivery technologies and advances in our molecular understanding of hair pathophysiology could result in a whole new era of hair therapeutics. As the field still largely remains in preclinical investigation, determined efforts towards production of medical grade material and truly translational work are needed to demonstrate surplus value of carrier systems for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Vogt
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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93
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Główka E, Wosicka-Frąckowiak H, Hyla K, Stefanowska J, Jastrzębska K, Klapiszewski Ł, Jesionowski T, Cal K. Polymeric nanoparticles-embedded organogel for roxithromycin delivery to hair follicles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 88:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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94
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Paleco R, Vučen SR, Crean AM, Moore A, Scalia S. Enhancement of the in vitro penetration of quercetin through pig skin by combined microneedles and lipid microparticles. Int J Pharm 2014; 472:206-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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95
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Abstract
It has been demonstrated that nanoparticles used for follicular delivery provide some advantages over conventional pathways, including improved skin bioavailability, enhanced penetration depth, prolonged residence duration, fast transport into the skin and tissue targeting. This review describes recent developments using nanotechnology approaches for drug delivery into the follicles. Different types of nanosystems may be employed for management of follicular permeation, such as polymeric nanoparticles, metallic nanocrystals, liposomes, and lipid nanoparticles. This review systematically introduces the mechanisms of follicles for nanoparticulate penetration, highlighting the therapeutic potential of drug-loaded nanoparticles for treating skin diseases. Special attention is paid to the use of nanoparticles in treating appendage-related disorders, in particular, nanomedical strategies for treating alopecia, acne, and transcutaneous immunization.
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96
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Tomoda K, Yabuki N, Terada H, Makino K. Application of polymeric nanoparticles prepared by an antisolvent diffusion with preferential solvation for iontophoretic transdermal drug delivery. Colloid Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-014-3342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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97
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Nanocrystals of medium soluble actives—Novel concept for improved dermal delivery and production strategy. Int J Pharm 2014; 470:141-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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98
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Getting under the skin: what is the potential of the transfollicular route in drug delivery? Ther Deliv 2014; 5:875-7. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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99
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Menter DG, Patterson SL, Logsdon CD, Kopetz S, Sood AK, Hawk ET. Convergence of nanotechnology and cancer prevention: are we there yet? Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:973-92. [PMID: 25060262 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is emerging as a promising modality for cancer treatment; however, in the realm of cancer prevention, its full utility has yet to be determined. Here, we discuss the potential of integrating nanotechnology in cancer prevention to augment early diagnosis, precision targeting, and controlled release of chemopreventive agents, reduced toxicity, risk/response assessment, and personalized point-of-care monitoring. Cancer is a multistep, progressive disease; the functional and acquired characteristics of the early precancer phenotype are intrinsically different from those of a more advanced anaplastic or invasive malignancy. Therefore, applying nanotechnology to precancers is likely to be far more challenging than applying it to established disease. Frank cancers are more readily identifiable through imaging and biomarker and histopathologic assessment than their precancerous precursors. In addition, prevention subjects routinely have more rigorous intervention criteria than therapy subjects. Any nanopreventive agent developed to prevent sporadic cancers found in the general population must exhibit a very low risk of serious side effects. In contrast, a greater risk of side effects might be more acceptable in subjects at high risk for cancer. Using nanotechnology to prevent cancer is an aspirational goal, but clearly identifying the intermediate objectives and potential barriers is an essential first step in this exciting journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sherri L Patterson
- Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Craig D Logsdon
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anil K Sood
- Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ernest T Hawk
- Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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100
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Variation of Human Hairiness: A Possible Adaptation to Solar Radiation and Melanin. ANTHROPOLOGICAL REVIEW 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/anre-2014-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many theories have been advanced to explain human hairlessness, however, there is no consensus. This study of 76 males observed that skin reflectance measuring skin colouration and melanin pigmentation correlated with hair size and follicle density. Individuals with a greater concentration of melanin within the superficial layer of the skin had a lower follicle density and smaller sizes of hairs. In contrast, individuals with a lower melanin concentration and lighter skin colour had a full range of hairiness. This leads to the suggestion that over the course of human evolution, high concentrations of melanin in consistently exposed to ultraviolet radiation areas developed first and that hair loss was a consequence of competition in the skin between melanin production and hair growth. Darker pigmented skin and lower follicle density are significantly correlated (R2=0.283; p<0.05). Individuals with darker skin had a mean of 4.91 follicles per cm2 whereas those with lighter skin reflectance had 11.20 follicles per cm2. This suggests that increased concentrations of melanin in the basal layer of the epidermis may limit hairiness by negatively influencing the skin’s ability to produce hair.
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