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Shi X, Liu R, Basolo F, Giannini R, Shen X, Teng D, Guan H, Shan Z, Teng W, Musholt TJ, Al-Kuraya K, Fugazzola L, Colombo C, Kebebew E, Jarzab B, Czarniecka A, Bendlova B, Sykorova V, Sobrinho-Simões M, Soares P, Shong YK, Kim TY, Cheng S, Asa SL, Viola D, Elisei R, Yip L, Mian C, Vianello F, Wang Y, Zhao S, Oler G, Cerutti JM, Puxeddu E, Qu S, Wei Q, Xu H, O'Neill CJ, Sywak MS, Clifton-Bligh R, Lam AK, Riesco-Eizaguirre G, Santisteban P, Yu H, Tallini G, Holt EH, Vasko V, Xing M. Differential Clinicopathological Risk and Prognosis of Major Papillary Thyroid Cancer Variants. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:264-74. [PMID: 26529630 PMCID: PMC4701842 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Individualized management, incorporating papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) variant-specific risk, is conceivably a useful treatment strategy for PTC, which awaits comprehensive data demonstrating differential risks of PTC variants to support. OBJECTIVE This study sought to establish the differential clinicopathological risk of major PTC variants: conventional PTC (CPTC), follicular-variant PTC (FVPTC), and tall-cell PTC (TCPTC). METHODS This was a retrospective study of clinicopathological outcomes of 6282 PTC patients (4799 females and 1483 males) from 26 centers and The Cancer Genome Atlas in 14 countries with a median age of 44 years (interquartile range, 33-56 y) and median follow-up time of 37 months (interquartile range, 15-82 mo). RESULTS The cohort consisted of 4702 (74.8%) patients with CPTC, 1126 (17.9%) with FVPTC, and 239 (3.8%) with TCPTC. The prevalence of high-risk parameters was significantly different among the three variants, including extrathyroidal invasion, lymph node metastasis, stages III/IV, disease recurrence, mortality, and the use (need) of radioiodine treatment (all P < .001), being highest in TCPTC, lowest in FVPTC, and intermediate in CPTC, following an order of TCPTC > CPTC ≫ FVPTC. Recurrence and mortality in TCPTC, CPTC, and FVPTC were 27.3 and 6.7%, 16.1 and 2.5%, and 9.1 and 0.6%, corresponding to events per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 92.47 (64.66-132.26) and 24.61 (12.31-49.21), 34.46 (30.71-38.66), and 5.87 (4.37-7.88), and 24.73 (18.34-33.35) and 1.68 (0.54-5.21), respectively. Mortality hazard ratios of CPTC and TCPTC over FVPTC were 3.44 (95% CI, 1.07-11.11) and 14.96 (95% CI, 3.93-56.89), respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses showed the best prognosis in FVPTC, worst in TCPTC, and intermediate in CPTC in disease recurrence-free probability and disease-specific patient survival. This was particularly the case in patients at least 45 years old. CONCLUSION This large multicenter study demonstrates differential prognostic risks of the three major PTC variants and establishes a unique risk order of TCPTC > CPTC ≫ FVPTC, providing important clinical implications for specific variant-based management of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Shi
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Rengyun Liu
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Fulvio Basolo
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Riccardo Giannini
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Xiaopei Shen
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Di Teng
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Haixia Guan
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Weiping Teng
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Thomas J Musholt
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Khawla Al-Kuraya
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Carla Colombo
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Electron Kebebew
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Barbara Jarzab
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Agnieszka Czarniecka
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Bela Bendlova
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Vlasta Sykorova
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Paula Soares
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Young Kee Shong
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Tae Yong Kim
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Sonia Cheng
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Sylvia L Asa
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - David Viola
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Rossella Elisei
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Linwah Yip
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Caterina Mian
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Federica Vianello
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Yangang Wang
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Shihua Zhao
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Gisele Oler
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Janete M Cerutti
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Efisio Puxeddu
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Shen Qu
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Qing Wei
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Huixiong Xu
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Christine J O'Neill
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Mark S Sywak
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Alfred K Lam
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Pilar Santisteban
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Hongyu Yu
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Elizabeth H Holt
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Vasily Vasko
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
| | - Mingzhao Xing
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine (X.Shi., R.L., X.Shen., D.T., M.X.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of Surgery, Division of Pathology (F.B., R.G.), 56126 Pisa, Italy; The Endocrine Institute and The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (H.G., Z.S., W.T.), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, China; Endocrine Surgery (T.J.M.), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany; Human Cancer Genomic Research (K.A.K.), Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Fondazione Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Policlinico, Milan, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (L.E., C.C.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan Italy; Endocrine Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research (E.K.), National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (A.C., B.J.), 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Molecular Endocrinology (B.B., V.S.), Institute of Endocrinology, Prague 11694, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, M.S.S.; Paula Soares, P.So.), University of Porto (Ipatimup) and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; College of Medicine (Y.K.S., T.Y.K.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology (S.C.; S.L.A.), University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada; Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (D.V., R.E.), World Health Organization, Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Meta
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Xing M, Alzahrani AS, Carson KA, Shong YK, Kim TY, Viola D, Elisei R, Bendlová B, Yip L, Mian C, Vianello F, Tuttle RM, Robenshtok E, Fagin JA, Puxeddu E, Fugazzola L, Czarniecka A, Jarzab B, O'Neill CJ, Sywak MS, Lam AK, Riesco-Eizaguirre G, Santisteban P, Nakayama H, Clifton-Bligh R, Tallini G, Holt EH, Sýkorová V. Association between BRAF V600E mutation and recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol 2014; 33:42-50. [PMID: 25332244 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.56.8253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prognostic value of BRAF V600E mutation for the recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a retrospective multicenter study of the relationship between BRAF V600E mutation and recurrence of PTC in 2,099 patients (1,615 women and 484 men), with a median age of 45 years (interquartile range [IQR], 34 to 58 years) and a median follow-up time of 36 months (IQR, 14 to 75 months). RESULTS The overall BRAF V600E mutation prevalence was 48.5% (1,017 of 2,099). PTC recurrence occurred in 20.9% (213 of 1,017) of BRAF V600E mutation-positive and 11.6% (125 of 1,082) of BRAF V600E mutation-negative patients. Recurrence rates were 47.71 (95% CI, 41.72 to 54.57) versus 26.03 (95% CI, 21.85 to 31.02) per 1,000 person-years in BRAF mutation-positive versus -negative patients (P < .001), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.82 (95% CI, 1.46 to 2.28), which remained significant in a multivariable model adjusting for patient sex and age at diagnosis, medical center, and various conventional pathologic factors. Significant association between BRAF mutation and PTC recurrence was also found in patients with conventionally low-risk disease stage I or II and micro-PTC and within various subtypes of PTC. For example, in BRAF mutation-positive versus -negative follicular-variant PTC, recurrence occurred in 21.3% (19 of 89) and 7.0% (24 of 342) of patients, respectively, with recurrence rates of 53.84 (95% CI, 34.34 to 84.40) versus 19.47 (95% CI, 13.05 to 29.04) per 1,000 person-years (P < .001) and an HR of 3.20 (95% CI, 1.46 to 7.02) after adjustment for clinicopathologic factors. BRAF mutation was associated with poorer recurrence-free probability in Kaplan-Meier survival analyses in various clinicopathologic categories. CONCLUSION This large multicenter study demonstrates an independent prognostic value of BRAF V600E mutation for PTC recurrence in various clinicopathologic categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhao Xing
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kathryn A Carson
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Young Kee Shong
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Tae Yong Kim
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - David Viola
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Rossella Elisei
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Bela Bendlová
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Linwah Yip
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Caterina Mian
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Federica Vianello
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - R Michael Tuttle
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Eyal Robenshtok
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - James A Fagin
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Efisio Puxeddu
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Agnieszka Czarniecka
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Barbara Jarzab
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Christine J O'Neill
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Mark S Sywak
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Alfred K Lam
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Pilar Santisteban
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Hirotaka Nakayama
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Elizabeth H Holt
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Vlasta Sýkorová
- Mingzhao Xing and Ali S. Alzahrani, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Kathryn A. Carson, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Young Kee Shong and Tae Yong Kim, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; David Viola and Rossella Elisei, WHO Collaborating Center for the Study and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases and Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, University of Pisa, Pisa; Caterina Mian, University of Padua; Federica Vianello, Veneto Institute of Oncology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Padua; Efisio Puxeddu, University of Perugia, Perugia; Laura Fugazzola, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS CàGranda, Milan; Giovanni Tallini, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Bela Bendlová and Vlasta Sýkorová, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic; Linwah Yip, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; R. Michael Tuttle, Eyal Robenshtok, and James A. Fagin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Agnieszka Czarniecka and Barbara Jarzab, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland; Christine J. O'Neill, Mark S. Sywak, and Roderick Clifton-Bligh, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales; Alfred K. Lam, Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre, Hospital La Paz, Health Research Institute, and Hospital Universitario de Móstoles; Garcilaso Riesco-Eizaguirre and Pilar Santisteban, Biomedical Research Institute Alberto Sols, Spanish Council of Research, and Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Hirotaka Nakayama, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; and Elizabeth H. Holt, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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