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Bardellini E, Amadori F, Conti G, Majorana A. Oral mucosal lesions in electronic cigarettes consumers versus former smokers. Acta Odontol Scand 2018; 76:226-228. [PMID: 29161938 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1406613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Electronic cigarettes (ECs) have become very popular in recent years. However, many uncertainties remain about their side effects. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) in former smokers compared to ECs consumers. METHODS A prospective case-control study was carried out. Outpatients for dental consultation were consecutively enrolled into two groups based on their habits, i.e. former smokers and ECs consumers. Each patient was examined to detect possible oral lesions and, if needed, a swab or biopsy of the lesion was taken for diagnosis. Data was entered into a spreadsheet and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 90 patients were examined, 45 were former smokers (group A) and 45 were ECs consumers (group B). OMLs were detected in 55 cases, of which 19/55 (34.6%) belonged to group A and 36/55 (65.4%) to group B. Nicotine stomatitis, a hairy tongue and angular cheilitis resulted to be significantly more common among EC consumers. CONCLUSIONS We found no statistically significant differences in terms of total prevalence of OMLs between former smokers and ECs consumers. An increased prevalence of three specific types of OMLs was detected among ECs consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bardellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Amadori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulio Conti
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Majorana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Dental School, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Lee CH, Ko AMS, Yang FM, Hung CC, Warnakulasuriya S, Ibrahim SO, Zain RB, Ko YC. Association of DSM-5 Betel-Quid Use Disorder With Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder in 6 Betel-Quid Endemic Asian Populations. JAMA Psychiatry 2018; 75:261-269. [PMID: 29417149 PMCID: PMC5885949 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.4307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Betel-quid (BQ) is the fourth most popular psychoactive agent worldwide. An emerging trend across Asia is the addictive consumption of BQ, which is associated with oral cancer and other health consequences. OBJECTIVE To investigate the validity and pattern of DSM-5-defined BQ use disorder (BUD) and its association with oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) among Asian populations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In-person interviews were conducted from January 1, 2009, to February 28, 2010, among a random sample of 8922 noninstitutionalized adults from the Asian Betel-quid Consortium study, an Asian representative survey of 6 BQ-endemic populations. Statistical analysis was performed from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2016. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Participants were evaluated for BUD using DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder and for OPMD using a clinical oral examination. Current users of BQ with 0 to 1 symptoms were classified as having no BUD, those with 2 to 3 symptoms as having mild BUD, those with 4 to 5 symptoms as having moderate BUD, and those with 6 or more symptoms as having severe BUD. RESULTS Among the 8922 participants (4564 women and 4358 men; mean [SD] age, 44.2 [0.2] years), DSM-5 symptoms showed sufficient unidimensionality to act as a valid measure for BUD. The 12-month prevalence of DSM-5-defined BUD in the 6 study populations was 18.0% (mild BUD, 3.2%; moderate BUD, 4.3%; and severe BUD, 10.5%). The 12-month proportion of DSM-5-defined BUD among current users of BQ was 86.0% (mild BUD, 15.5%; moderate BUD, 20.6%; and severe BUD, 50.0%). Sex, age, low educational level, smoking, and drinking were significantly associated with BUD. Among individuals who used BQ, family use, high frequency of use, and amount of BQ used were significantly linked to moderate to severe BUD. Compared with individuals who did not use BQ, those who used BQ and had no BUD showed a 22.0-fold (95% CI, 4.3-112.4) risk of OPMD (P < .001), whereas those with mild BUD showed a 9.6-fold (95% CI, 1.8-56.8) risk (P = .01), those with moderate BUD showed a 35.5-fold (95% CI, 4.3-292.3) risk (P = .001), and those with severe BUD showed a 27.5-fold (95% CI, 1.6-461.4) risk of OPMD (P = .02). Individuals with moderate to severe BUD who used BQ and had the symptom of tolerance had a 153.4-fold (95% CI, 33.4-703.6) higher risk of OPMD than those who did not use BQ, and those with moderate to severe BUD who used BQ and had a larger amount or longer history of BQ use had an 88.9-fold (95% CI, 16.6-476.5) higher risk of OPMD than those who did not use BQ. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This international study gathered data about BQ users across 6 Asian populations, and it demonstrates that DSM-5 symptoms could fulfill a BUD construct. Most current Asian users of BQ already have BUD, which is correlated with risk of OPMD. Among individuals with moderate to severe BUD who used BQ, tolerance and a larger amount or longer history of BQ use are the key symptoms that correlated with enhanced risk of OPMD. These findings play an important role in providing a new indication of an additional psychiatric management plan for users of BQ who have BUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Albert Min-Shan Ko
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Frances M. Yang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta
| | - Chung-Chieh Hung
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Department of Oral Medicine, King’s College London, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer and Precancer, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Nag R, Kumar Das R. Analysis of images for detection of oral epithelial dysplasia: A review. Oral Oncol 2018; 78:8-15. [PMID: 29496062 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides a review of various image analysis approaches that have been previously used for recognition of dysplasia in images of the epithelium of the oral cavity. This domain has become especially admissible with the uncovering of the importance of image analysis which can probably be an aid to subjective diagnosis by histopathologists. Oral malignancy is a rampant form of cancer found among people of the Indian subcontinent due to various deleterious habits like consumption of tobacco, areca nut, betel leaf etc. Oral Submucous Fibrosis, a precancer, whose pathological category falls between normal epithelium and epithelial dysplasia, is caused because of these habits and can ultimately lead to oral cancer. Hence early detection of this condition is necessary. Image analysis methods for this purpose have an enormous potential which can also reduce the heavy workload of pathologists and to refine the criterion of interpretation. This paper starts with a critique of statistics of oral carcinoma in India and distribution of cancer in intra-oral sites and moves on to its causes and diagnostic approaches including causative agents, problems in curative approach and importance of image analysis in cancer detection. The various image analysis methods to appraise the cytological and architectural changes accompanied by Oral Epithelial Dysplasia in the images of the oral epithelial region have been described in relation to 2005 WHO Classification System and it was found that in future, analysis of images based on the mentioned methods has the potential in better interpretation and diagnosis of oral carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetoja Nag
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular, and Molecular Theranostics, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India.
| | - Raunak Kumar Das
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular, and Molecular Theranostics, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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Presence of different Candida species at denture wearers with type 2 diabetes and clinically healthy oral mucosa: Pilot study. BALKAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/bjdm-2018-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to examine prevalence of different Candida spp. at diabetics and nondiabetics wearing dentures without clinical signs of Denture Stomatitis (DS) and to study if some local and systematic factors are confounders for harboring Candida at these subjects. Material and Methods: Total of 60 subjects wearing partial or complete upper acrylic denture having at least half of palatal mucosa covered by denture were selected and stratified into three experimental groups: systematically health subjects; patients with diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and good glycoregulation; and T2D subjects with poorly regulated blood sugar level. Cotton swab samples were obtained from each patient from hard palate mucosa and denture surface. Swab cultures were made on Sabouraud dextrose agar and ChromAgar Media for distinciton of various Candida spp. Density growth was also measured. Results: Frequency of Candida spp. findings were similar between groups. At healthy subjects, only C.albicans was detected. At diabetics, C.albicans was the most common isolated species, followed by C.glabrata and C.tropicalis. Negative finding of yeasts on palatal mucosa, but positive on denture surface were detected at all groups, with the highest frequency (33.4%) at diabetics with poor glycoregulation. Denture surface was heavier colonized than hard palate mucosa. Duration of diabetes in years were only independent predictors for harboring Candida spp. at denture surface (Exp B=1.186, CI=1.047-1.344, p=0.007). Conclusions: Prosthesis of denture wearers without DS may serve as reservoir of Candida spp. Presence of more pathogenic and resistant non-albicans species are related to diabetics, even without clinical signs of DS.
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Safadi RA, Shaweesh AI, Hamasha AA, Azzam R, Alazzam MF, Devang Divakar D. The significance of age group, gender and skin complexion in relation to the clinical distribution of developmental oral mucosal alterations in 5-13 year-old children. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2017; 119:122-128. [PMID: 29246755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To describe the relationship and impact of age group, gender and skin complexion on the prevalence and clinical distribution of oral mucosal alterations of developmental origin (OMA-DO) among school children aged 5-13 years. METHODS A randomized representative national survey of Jordanian school children including all Country geographic areas was performed. Cut-off age that significantly correlated with presence and distribution of OMA-DO was identified (ROC curve). Skin complexion was classified into light/fair, intermediate/tan, dark/brown based on skin complexion index. Chi square test with P value≤0.05 was used for significance of correlations. RESULTS Two thousand two hundred and fifty one children were clinically examined. The average age that significantly correlated with prevalence and distribution of OMA-DO was 9.9 years. Female gender was significantly correlated with four OMA-DO: leukoedema (L), linea Alba (LA), Fordyce's granules (FG), commissural lip pits (CLP) and wider distribution of racial pigmentations (RP) (P<0.05, χ2 test). Older age group (9.9-13 years) was significantly correlated with 7 OMA-DO: L, LA, FG, frenal tag, CLP, mandibular and maxillary tori (MT) as well as wider clinical distribution of RP, FG, L (P<0.05 χ2 test). Dark skin complexion significantly correlated with 5 OMA-DO: L, LA, FG, RP, MT and wider clinical distribution of RP (P<0.02, χ2 test). CONCLUSIONS Increased prevalence and wider clinical distribution of OMA-DO are significantly associated with older age group of 9.9-13 years, female gender, and dark skin complexion. Oral health care provides are encouraged to be familiar with these correlations. This knowledge is expected to improve OMA-DO diagnosis and clinical management. Continuous education programs in this field are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Safadi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, 22110 Irbid, Jordan.
| | - A I Shaweesh
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, 22110 Irbid, Jordan
| | - A A Hamasha
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, 22110 Irbid, Jordan
| | - R Azzam
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, 22110 Irbid, Jordan
| | - M F Alazzam
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 3030, 22110 Irbid, Jordan
| | - D Devang Divakar
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Maweri SA, Al-Jamaei A, Saini R, Laronde DM, Sharhan A. White oral mucosal lesions among the Yemeni population and their relation to local oral habits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 9:e12305. [PMID: 29178288 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of white oral mucosal lesions among Yemeni adults; in particular, those who chew khat and tobacco. METHODS The present cross-sectional study included 1052 dental patients aged 15 years and older. A detailed oral examination was performed by a single examiner in accordance with standard international criteria. RESULTS Overall, 25.2% of the study participants presented with one or more white lesions. The most prevalent lesions were khat-induced white lesion (8.8%), leukoedema (5.1%), and frictional keratosis (3.9%). Potentially malignant lesions, such as lichen planus, leukoplakia, and smokeless tobacco-induced lesions, were seen in 2.4%, 1.2%, and 1.7% of participants, respectively. Moreover, three cases of oral cancer were identified. The presence of white lesions was found to be significantly associated with advanced age (P = .004), male gender (P = .009), and khat/tobacco chewing habits (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates a high prevalence of oral benign and potentially malignant white lesions. Further, it highlights the urgent need to develop and implement new government policies to regulate the sale of these products to reduce the prevalence of these lesions and the overall incidence of oral cancers in the Yemeni population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq A Al-Maweri
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Oral Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Aisha Al-Jamaei
- Department of Oral Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Rajan Saini
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Denise M Laronde
- Department of Oral and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Amany Sharhan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
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Jesija JS, Gopal S, Skiel HP. Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: An Assessment of Antioxidant Levels in Plasma and Saliva. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC64-ZC67. [PMID: 29207836 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/29065.10624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is a common oral mucosal disorder that affects 20% of the population worldwide. Factors such as trauma, stress, genetic, hypersensitivity, nutrition, immune disturbance and hormonal imbalance may disturb the oxidant and antioxidant balance of an organism and precipitate RAS, but the relationships are poorly understood. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant status in plasma and saliva of patients with RAS. Materials and Methods Forty patients with RAS and forty healthy individuals were included in the study. The levels of antioxidants such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GSHPx) Catalase (CAT) and Uric Acid (UA) were measured in plasma and saliva. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the two groups using independent t-test and ANOVA. Results Decreased SOD levels were observed in plasma amongst RAS patients (p < 0.03) whereas, increased levels were observed in their saliva (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. A significant difference (p < 0.001) was noticed in GSHPx levels: RAS patients exhibited higher levels in plasma but decreased in saliva compared to the control group. CAT activities and UA levels in saliva (p = 0.015 and p < 0.001 respectively) were observed to be significantly higher in RAS patients. Within the RAS group elevated plasma SOD level (p < 0.006) was found in patients with major ulcers whereas, an increased plasma UA (p < 0.01) level was observed in patients with minor ulcers. Conclusion The non-equilibrium antioxidant levels observed in both plasma and saliva indicate the antioxidant status of the body is disturbed in patients with RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Jesija
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dental and Oral Surgery, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saraswathi Gopal
- Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Meenakshi Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hugh P Skiel
- Manager, Department of Development Office, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Aishwarya KM, Reddy MP, Kulkarni S, Doshi D, Reddy BS, Satyanarayana D. Effect of Frequency and Duration of Tobacco Use on Oral Mucosal Lesions – A Cross-Sectional Study among Tobacco Users in Hyderabad, India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:2233-2238. [PMID: 28843261 PMCID: PMC5697486 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.8.2233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Tobacco use is one of the most important risk factors for the development of oral mucosal lesions including
oral pre-cancer and cancer. The type and location of the lesion varies with the type of tobacco used, the way it is
used, and the frequency and duration of use. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the effect of frequency and
duration of tobacco use on oral mucosal lesions among tobacco users in Hyderabad city. Materials and Methods: A
cross-sectional study was carried out among 280 tobacco users who were categorized into smokers, chewers and mixed
groups according to the habit. One forty subjects diagnosed with Oral Mucosal Lesions, designated as cases and One
forty lesion free controls, frequency matched for age, gender, habit and family income were assessed. The study protocol
included a visual oral soft tissue examination and a questionnaire-based interview. Statistical analysis was done using
Chi square test and t- test. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to assess the association of the variables with
lesions. Results: Oral submucous fibrosis (18%) was the most common oral mucosal lesion followed by Leukoplakia
(14%) and Smoker’s palate (12%). Dose-response relationships were observed for both duration and frequency of
habits on the risk of oral mucosal lesions. However, it was significant only for frequency of the habit. A significant
positive correlation was observed between occurrence of lesion and those with no education (p=0.005). Conclusion:
The study revealed that frequency and duration of tobacco use was associated with the risk of oral mucosal lesions.
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Amadori F, Bardellini E, Conti G, Majorana A. Oral mucosal lesions in teenagers: a cross-sectional study. Ital J Pediatr 2017; 43:50. [PMID: 28569171 PMCID: PMC5452358 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-017-0367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescence is a period of transition to adulthood. Little is known about oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) in teenagers, in which the emergence of new habits, unfamiliar to children, could affect the type of lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) in a wide sample of adolescents. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out examining all medical records of adolescents (aged 13–18 years) treated at the Dental Clinic of the University of Brescia (Italy) in the period from 2008 to 2014. Cases with OMLs were selected. Data regarding age, gender, type of OML, bad habits, systemic chronic diseases were collected. Results A total of 6.374 medical records (mean age 15.2 + −1.7 years) were examined. We found 1544 cases (31.7%) of oral mucosal lesions; 36 different types of mucosal alterations were detected and the most frequent were: aphthous ulcers (18%), traumatic ulcerations (14.3%), herpes simplex virus (11%), geographic tongue (9.6%), candidiasis (5.5%), and morsicatio buccarum (4.7%). Papilloma virus lesions (1.7%), piercing-related lesions (4%), multiform erythema (0.13%), oral lichen planus (0.13%) and granular cell tumour (0.06%) were also diagnosed. Conclusions The prevalence of OMLs in adolescents are different from those in children and, in some conditions, it could increase with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Amadori
- Dental School, Pediatric Dentistry Department, University of Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Bardellini
- Dental School, Pediatric Dentistry Department, University of Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy. .,Clinica Odontoiatrica, P.le Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Giulio Conti
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Majorana
- Dental School, Pediatric Dentistry Department, University of Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
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Thanakun S, Pornprasertsuk-Damrongsri S, Izumi Y. Increased oral inflammation, leukocytes, and leptin, and lower adiponectin in overweight or obesity. Oral Dis 2017; 23:956-965. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Thanakun
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - Y Izumi
- Department of Periodontology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
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Chainani-Wu N, Nayudu A. Resolution of recurrent aphthous ulcers after discontinuation of cow's milk protein intake. J Am Dent Assoc 2017; 148:614-617. [PMID: 28410620 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW Authors of published studies have reported elevated levels of circulating antibodies to cow's milk protein (CMP) in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAUs), and authors of case reports have described resolution of RAU after dairy elimination. CASE DESCRIPTION A 10-year-old girl and an 11-year-old boy, both with 5-year histories of frequent RAU episodes, with multiple ulcerations, underwent dairy elimination trials. Both were free of oral ulcers within 2 weeks of discontinuing CMP and remained so with a CMP-free diet. In addition, the first patient had recurrence of ulcerations after occasional ingestion of CMP-containing foods. She showed elevated blood levels of immunoglobulin E in reaction to CMP and soy. Soy intake did not trigger the ulcerations. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The proportion of patients with RAU in whom CMP acts as a trigger is unknown. However, CMP elimination trials are safe and feasible and, therefore, should be considered, particularly before use of medications with potential side effects.
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Ruokonen H, Nylund K, Furuholm J, Meurman JH, Sorsa T, Kotaniemi K, Ortiz F, Heikkinen AM. Oral Health and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. J Periodontol 2017; 88:26-33. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Sáez-Prado B, Haya-Fernández MC, Sanz-García MT. Oral health and quality of life in the municipal senior citizen's social clubs for people over 65 of Valencia, Spain. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2016; 21:e672-e678. [PMID: 27694787 PMCID: PMC5116108 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.21305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The world population is aging considerably. The state of elderly´s dentition is poor. Many authors agree that the oral health status influence the elderly´s quality of life.The objective of our study was to analyze the relation between the oral health status and the general health status through the quality of life of elderly people aged 65 years or more in Valencia, Spain. Material and Methods A cross-sectional oral health survey and an oral examination have been designed to study an elderly population. Subjects: 202 adults (103 men and 99 women). Age: 65 years of age and over. Setting: Randomly selected senior citizen´s social clubs. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) has been used to obtain the oral health survey. Moreover, the EuroQol-5d and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) have been the tools to obtain the general health status. Finally, sociodemographic and oral health questions have been needed. Results Descriptive and inferential results have been done and the main results are the following, the mean additive score of the OHIP-14 was 8.88, the mean value of the EuroQol-5d was 0.58 and of the VAS, 72.90. The OHIP-14 was consistently and significantly correlated with the index EuroQol-5d and with variables such as number of teeth, missing teeth, DMFT, dental status (being or not edentulous) and occupation. The EuroQol-5d was related to dental habits, sex, income, systemic pathologies and filled teeth. Conclusions The oral health has a high impact on quality of life. The oral health and the general health are closely related. The oral hygiene and getting toothless influence negatively on the quality of life of elderly people. Key words:Elderly, geriatric dentistry, oral health, oral hygiene, quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sáez-Prado
- Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Calle Pozo n 5, 46115, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, España,
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Erika V, Modrić, Verzak Ž, Karlović Z. Developmental Defects of Enamel in Children with Intellectual Disability. Acta Stomatol Croat 2016; 50:65-71. [PMID: 27688428 DOI: 10.15644/asc50/1/9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the frequency of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in children with intellectual disability. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Children aged 5-18 years (72 children with intellectual disabilities and 72 controls) were included in the study. All the teeth were screened for developmental defects of enamel using the modified Developmental defects of enamel (mDDE) index. RESULTS Out of the 72 children with intellectual disabilities in this study, 20 (27.78%) presented dental defects of enamel, compared with 8 (11.11%) of those in the control group, which was considered statistically significant (p = 0.021). The majority of children in both groups had white demarcated opacities. Children in both groups were more likely to have maxillary teeth affected than the mandibular teeth and the asymmetrical demarcated enamel defects were more common than the symmetric ones. Majority of opacities in children in both groups were on the maxillary incisors. CONCLUSIONS Children with intellectual disabilities have more developmental defects of enamel than children in the control group. Enamel defects increase caries risk and cause reduction in enamel mechanical properties leading to restoration failures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Modrić
- - Dental Polyclinic Zagreb
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Liu W, Zeng L, Li N, Wang F, Jiang C, Guo F, Chen X, Su T, Xu C, Zhang S, Fang C. Quantitative proteomic analysis for novel biomarkers of buccal squamous cell carcinoma arising in background of oral submucous fibrosis. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:584. [PMID: 27485544 PMCID: PMC4971621 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In South and Southeast Asian, the majority of buccal squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) can arise from oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). BSCCs develop in OSF that are often not completely resected, causing local relapse. The aim of our study was to find candidate protein biomarkers to detect OSF and predict prognosis in BSCCs by quantitative proteomics approaches. Methods We compared normal oral mucosa (NBM) and paired biopsies of BSCC and OSF by quantitative proteomics using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) to discover proteins with differential expression. Gene Ontology and KEGG networks were analyzed. The prognostic value of biomarkers was evaluated in 94 BSCCs accompanied with OSF. Significant associations were assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox-proportional hazards analysis. Results In total 30 proteins were identified with significantly different expression (false discovery rate < 0.05) among three tissues. Two consistently upregulated proteins, ANXA4 and FLNA, were validated. The disease-free survival was negatively associated with the expression of ANXA4 (hazard ratio, 3.4; P = 0.000), FLNA (hazard ratio, 2.1; P = 0.000) and their combination (hazard ratio, 8.8; P = 0.002) in BSCCs. Conclusion The present study indicates that iTRAQ quantitative proteomics analysis for tissues of BSCC and OSF is a reliable strategy. A significantly up-regulated ANXA4 and FLNA could be not only candidate biomarkers for BSCC prognosis but also potential targets for its therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2650-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
| | - Lijuan Zeng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
| | - Canhua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
| | - Xinqun Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
| | - Tong Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
| | - Chunjiao Xu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
| | - Changyun Fang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 88, Xiangya Road, Changsha, China
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Bisanz JE, Suppiah P, Thomson WM, Milne T, Yeoh N, Nolan A, Ettinger G, Reid G, Gloor GB, Burton JP, Cullinan MP, Stebbings SM. The oral microbiome of patients with axial spondyloarthritis compared to healthy individuals. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2095. [PMID: 27330858 PMCID: PMC4906644 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. A loss of mucosal tolerance to the resident microbiome has been postulated in the aetiopathogenesis of spondyloarthritis, thus the purpose of these studies was to investigate microbial communities that colonise the oral cavity of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) and to compare these with microbial profiles of a matched healthy population. Methods. Thirty-nine participants, 17 patients with AxSpA and 22 age and gender-matched disease-free controls were recruited to the study. For patients with AxSpA, disease activity was assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). All participants underwent a detailed dental examination to assess oral health, including the presence of periodontal disease assessed using probing pocket depth (PPD). Plaque samples were obtained and their bacterial populations were profiled using Ion Torrent sequencing of the V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Results.Patients with AxSpA had active disease (BASDAI 4.1 ± 2.1 [mean ± SD]), and a significantly greater prevalence of periodontitis (PPD ≥ 4 mm at ≥4 sites) than controls. Bacterial communities did not differ between the two groups with multiple metrics of α and β diversity considered. Analysis of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and higher levels of taxonomic assignment did not provide strong evidence of any single taxa associated with AxSpA in the subgingival plaque. Discussion. Although 16S rRNA gene sequencing did not identify specific bacterial profiles associated with AxSpA, there remains the potential for the microbiota to exert functional and metabolic influences in the oral cavity which could be involved in the pathogenesis of AxSpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan E Bisanz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Praema Suppiah
- School of Dentistry, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - W Murray Thomson
- School of Dentistry, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Trudy Milne
- School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Nigel Yeoh
- Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Anita Nolan
- Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Oral Health, AUT, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Grace Ettinger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregor Reid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory B Gloor
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy P Burton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary P Cullinan
- School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Simon M Stebbings
- Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
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Tongue coating frequency and its colonization by yeasts in chronic kidney disease patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:1455-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2684-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ferreira AM, de Souza Lucena EE, de Oliveira TC, da Silveira ÉJD, de Oliveira PT, de Lima KC. Prevalence and factors associated with oral potentially malignant disorders in Brazil's rural workers. Oral Dis 2016; 22:536-42. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- AM Ferreira
- Sciences Health Post-Graduate Program; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
| | - EE de Souza Lucena
- Dentistry Department; State′s University of Rio Grande do Norte; Caicó RN Brazil
| | - TC de Oliveira
- Health Collective Post-Graduate Program; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
| | - ÉJD da Silveira
- Oral Pathology Post-Graduate Program; Dentistry Department; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
| | - PT de Oliveira
- Oral Pathology Post-Graduate Program; Dentistry Department; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
| | - KC de Lima
- Health Collective Post-Graduate Program; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; Natal RN Brazil
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Naveen-Kumar B, Tatapudi R, Sudhakara-Reddy R, Alapati S, Pavani K, Sai-Praveen KN. Various forms of tobacco usage and its associated oral mucosal lesions. J Clin Exp Dent 2016; 8:e172-7. [PMID: 27034758 PMCID: PMC4808313 DOI: 10.4317/jced.52654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To study the various forms of tobacco usage and its associated oral mucosal lesions among the patients attending Vishnu Dental College Bhimavaram. Material and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in a total of 450 patients who were divided into three groups based upon type of tobacco use, as Group-1 Reverse smoking, Group-2 Conventional smoking, Group-3 Smokeless tobacco group and each group consists of 150 subjects. Results Reverse smoking was observed to be more prevalent among old females with smoker’s palate and carcinomatous lesions being the most common. Conventional smoking was observed more in male patients with maximum occurrence of leukoplakia and tobacco associated melanosis. Smokeless tobacco habit was predominantly seen in younger males. Habit specific lesions like tobacco pouch keratosis, Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF), Quid induced lichenoid reaction were noticed in smokeless tobacco habit group except for erythroplakia which was noticed only in conventional smoking group and it was not significant statistically. Conclusions In the present study it was found that the usage of reverse smoking habit was most commonly seen in females and this habit is practiced in and surrounding areas of Bhimavaram with more occurrence of carcinoma compared to conventional smoking and smokeless tobacco. Key words:Tobacco, reverse smoking, conventional smoking, smokeless tobacco, carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boddu Naveen-Kumar
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu, Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Tatapudi
- Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vishnu dental college, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Reddy Sudhakara-Reddy
- Professor and head of the department, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vishnu dental college, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Satish Alapati
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, St.Joseph Dental College, Elluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kotha Pavani
- MDS, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kotu-Nagavenkata Sai-Praveen
- Post graduate student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vishnu dental college, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Kumar YS, Acharya S, Pentapati KC. Prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders in workers of Udupi taluk. South Asian J Cancer 2016; 4:130-3. [PMID: 26942144 PMCID: PMC4756488 DOI: 10.4103/2278-330x.173177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of oral potentially malignant disorders (PMD) among industrial workers of Udupi taluk, Karnataka. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample consisted of industrial workers aged >18 years from randomly selected industries in Udupi Taluk. A self-administered questionnaire was given to the participants to assess sociodemographic factors and abusive habits (Tobacco, Alcohol, and Betel quid) followed by clinical oral examination by single trained and calibrated examiner. RESULTS A total of 396 completed all steps of the survey and were included for analysis. A total of 14, 11.4, and 14.4% were tobacco, alcohol, and betel quid users, respectively. A total of 8.6% (n = 34) have at least one PMD. A significantly higher number of participants with single (11.4%) or combined habits (60.4%) had oral lesions while none of the participants without habits reported any oral lesions (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Prevalence of abusive habits and oral premalignant lesions or conditions was substantial among the workers. The cause and effect relationship and dose-response were also shown to be significantly associated. Prevention and early diagnosis through workplace screening are the major cornerstones for the control of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeturu Sravan Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashidhar Acharya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kalyana Chakravarthy Pentapati
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Jin LJ, Lamster IB, Greenspan JS, Pitts NB, Scully C, Warnakulasuriya S. Global burden of oral diseases: emerging concepts, management and interplay with systemic health. Oral Dis 2016; 22:609-19. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LJ Jin
- Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - IB Lamster
- Department of Health Policy and Management; Mailman School of Public Health; Columbia University; New York NY USA
| | - JS Greenspan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences; School of Dentistry at University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco CA USA
| | - NB Pitts
- Dental Innovation and Translation Centre; King's College London Dental Institute; London UK
| | - C Scully
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Health-General Health; and University College; London UK
| | - S Warnakulasuriya
- King's College London Dental Institute; and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer; London UK
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Bhattacharya PT, Sinha R, Pal S. Prevalence and subjective knowledge of tongue lesions in an Indian population. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2016; 6:124-8. [PMID: 27195210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The current study was designed to determine prevalence of various tongue lesions and their association with age, gender, systemic illness, deleterious habits, and distribution over the surfaces of tongue. It also explored the awareness and knowledge of subjects in relation to presence of tongue lesions, etiological factor, symptoms, and treatment received if any. METHODS The present study was conducted on 1360 randomly selected dental outpatients from 1/10/2013 to 30/09/2014. Examination of tongue included surface changes, size, movements, and the presence of mucosal lesions. The subjects were asked about the knowledge, symptoms, and treatment obtained in case of awareness regarding the lesion. RESULTS The prevalence of tongue lesions was found to be 13.75%. The most prevalent lesion was found to be coated tongue. The majority of the lesions were located on dorsum of tongue and not related with age, gender, habit, and systemic condition. A considerable number of subjects were aware of the changes on their tongue but negligible number sought any treatment. CONCLUSIONS The presence of tongue lesions in the study population was found be significant. Hence, general dental practitioners and health care providers should be educated about the diagnosis, etiology, investigations, and proper management of such tongue lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Tomar Bhattacharya
- Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India
| | - Rupam Sinha
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India
| | - Sumona Pal
- Ex-Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India
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Heikkinen AM, Nwhator SO, Rathnayake N, Mäntylä P, Vatanen P, Sorsa T. Pilot Study on Oral Health Status as Assessed by an Active Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Chairside Mouthrinse Test in Adolescents. J Periodontol 2016; 87:36-40. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Hassona Y, Sawair F, Al-karadsheh O, Scully C. Prevalence and clinical features of pigmented oral lesions. Int J Dermatol 2015; 55:1005-13. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Hassona
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Jordan; Amman Jordan
| | - Faleh Sawair
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Jordan; Amman Jordan
| | - Omar Al-karadsheh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Jordan; Amman Jordan
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Can shielded brackets reduce mucosa alteration and increase comfort perception in orthodontic patients in the first 3 days of treatment? A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 148:956-66. [PMID: 26672701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Orthodontic patients can experience pain and discomfort on the oral mucosa from trauma caused by friction with the brackets and the wires. In this split-mouth design, single-blind randomized controlled trial, we aimed to investigate whether brackets with a self-snapping customized plastic shield would induce less mucosa alteration and discomfort than those without the shield. METHODS The overall sample comprised 42 patients (22 female, 20 male) from a government-funded orthodontic practice, with a mean age of 16.7 years. Eligibility criteria included, among others, no history of mouth ulcers or systemic diseases. Customized shields for the maxillary and mandibular brackets were fabricated and inserted on one side of the mouth. The null hypothesis was that bracket shielding would have no advantage. The primary outcomes were mucosal and discomfort assessments. As the secondary outcome, the numbers of spontaneous detachments of the shields were reported. Treatment allocation was mainly implemented using a random number table for selection of the intervention side. Only the raters in charge of assessing the oral mucosa were blinded to the side of the mouth where the shields had been placed. The mucosa was assessed by 3 calibrated raters at the following time points: immediately before bracket placement (baseline assessment, T0), 3 days after delivering the shields (direct assessment of intervention, T1), and 4 days after removal of the shields (indirect assessment of intervention, T2). The raters used a newly devised yardstick in which the higher the score, the more severe the alteration. Discomfort was assessed at T1 and T2 using a visual analog scale. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed at the 5% level of significance. RESULTS Of 60 patients, 42 were eligible, and 35 were randomly selected to have one side of the mouth receive the intervention. Two patients discontinued the intervention at T1, and 5 stopped at T2. Seven additional patients were recruited and completed all time points. Thus, 42 patients participated at T0, 40 at T1, and 35 at T2. Thirty-five patients participated at all time points. At T1, no statistically significant difference in terms of mucosa alteration was observed between the 2 sides (median of all differences [MD], 0.0; 95% CI, 0.0-1.0; P = 0.11). The same occurred at T2 (MD, 0.0; 95% CI, 0.0-0.0; P = 1.00). The comfort level was statistically higher at T1 on the shielded side (MD, 14.0; 95% CI, 1.0-36.0; P = 0.04), whereas no difference was observed at T2 (MD, 0.0; 95% CI, 0.0-1.0, P = 0.81). No serious harm was observed. CONCLUSIONS The customized bracket shields were effective in reducing discomfort during the first 3 days of orthodontic treatment despite no significant difference in terms of visible mucosa alteration. REGISTRATION This trial was not registered. PROTOCOL The protocol was not published before trial commencement. FUNDING Expenses for the fabrication of the shields were covered by the main author (L.P.B.P.). Orthodontic materials were from the Center for Dental Specialties in Cajazeiras, Brazil.
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Villa A, Gohel A. Oral potentially malignant disorders in a large dental population. J Appl Oral Sci 2015; 22:473-6. [PMID: 25591015 PMCID: PMC4307758 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720140254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Oral cancer (OC) may be preceded by clinically evident oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Oral carcinogenesis is a multistep process that begins as epithelial hyperplasia and progresses to oral epithelial dysplasia and finally to fully malignant phenotypes. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of OPMDs in a large population of dental patients. Methods Patients were seen in the Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine clinics at Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine between July 2013 and February 2014 and received a comprehensive oral examination to identify any possible mucosal lesions. Patients with a suspected OPMD (submucous fibrosis, oral lichen planus, leukoplakia and erythroplakia) that did not resolve in 2–3 weeks received a biopsy for definitive diagnosis. Logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between OPMDs and associated risk factors. Results A total of 3,142 patients received a comprehensive oral examination [median age: 43 (range: 18–97); 54.3% females]. Among these, 4.5% had an oral mucosal lesion with 0.9% being an OPMD (one submucous fibrosis, three epithelial dysplasias, fourteen with hyperkeratosis/epithelial hyperplasia and nine with oral lichen planus). Males and current smokers were associated with higher odds of having OPMD (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.8–3.8; OR 1.9, 95%CI 0.8–4.1). Increasing age was associated with having OPMDs (p<0.01). Conclusion Optimal oral visual screening for OC remains a simple and essential tool to identify any suspicious lesions and potentially increase survival. Although OPMDs were rare, our results confirm the importance of a thorough chairside screening by dentists and dental students to detect any mucosal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Villa
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anita Gohel
- Department of General Dentistry, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Unur M, Bektas Kayhan K, Altop MS, Boy Metin Z, Keskin Y. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children:a single center study. J Istanb Univ Fac Dent 2015; 49:29-38. [PMID: 28955543 PMCID: PMC5573502 DOI: 10.17096/jiufd.03460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies regarding oral health are mainly conducted on adult population and there is a lack of epidemiologic data on the oral health of children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of oral lesions in Turkish children. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out on total of 1041 Turkish children attended by the outpatient Oral Medicine and Surgery Department of İstanbul University. RESULTS Examinations were performed and 277 of whom had a total of more than 30 different type of lesions detected. The fissured tongue (3.4%) was the most frequent lesion, followed by traumatic lesions (3.2%) and the cheek biting (2.5%). CONCLUSION This is the first study in Turkey on oral lesions in this age group. We hope that our study will be a baseline data for future studies and for sure there is a need for more goodquality epidemiological studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meral Unur
- />Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul University,
Turkey
| | - Kıvanc Bektas Kayhan
- />Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul University,
Turkey
| | - Muzeyyen Seda Altop
- />Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul University,
Turkey
| | - Zeynep Boy Metin
- />Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul University,
Turkey
| | - Yaren Keskin
- />Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul University,
Turkey
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Hassona Y, Scully C, Almangush A, Baqain Z, Sawair F. Oral potentially malignant disorders among dental patients: a pilot study in Jordan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:10427-31. [PMID: 25556487 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.23.10427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the prevalence, types, and risk factors of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) among a group of Arab Jordanian dental patients, and to evaluate their awareness and attitudes toward early diagnosis and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1,041 patients attending a University Hospital for dental care were examined for the presence of OPMDs. Histopathological examination was performed on all cases clinically diagnosed and patients were directly interviewed to evaluate their knowledge and attitudes toward early detection and treatment of oral cancer. RESULTS The prevalence of OPMDs overall was 2.8%. Lichen planus/lichenoid lesions were the most common lesions (1.8%) followed by leukoplakias (0.48%), chronic hyperplastic candidiosis (0.38%), and erythroplakia (0.096%). Smoking, alcohol, and age (>40 years) were the main identifiable risk factors. Patients with OPMDs displayed a general lack of awareness and negative attitudes towards early diagnosis and treatment. CONCLUSIONS OPMDs among Arab dental patients are relatively uncommon and awareness about oral cancer among Jordanian dental patients is low. Interventions to improve public knowledge about oral cancer and attitudes toward early diagnosis and treatment are urgently indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hassona
- Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan E-mail :
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Gašpar M, Glavina A, Grubišić K, Sabol I, Bušić M, Mravak M. The Oral Cavity State in Renal Transplant Recipients. Acta Stomatol Croat 2015; 49:204-13. [PMID: 27688404 PMCID: PMC4993595 DOI: 10.15644/asc49/3/2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Patients with a solid organ transplant can have many different complications in the mouth, as a result of immunosuppression and side effects of drugs. The aim of this study was to examine the frequency and type of oral lesions in renal transplant patients, dental status, oral hygiene, oral lesions related to drugs which patients take and the time of transplantation as well as the frequency of patient's visits to the dentist in the post-transplant period. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was performed in a period of two years and included 100 subjects with a renal transplant during their regular control visits to the Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb and the Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb and 100 randomly selected control subjects at the Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb. RESULTS Results showed a significantly higher incidence of oral lesions in patients with renal transplant (31%) compared to control subjects. The most frequent were erythematous (inflammatory changes), keratotic lesions and gingival hyperplasia. The average DMFT index was significantly lower in patients with renal transplant than in the control group. One third of patients had a subjective feeling of dry mouth. Oral hygiene was poor overall, and only a small number of subjects used the additional sustainers for oral hygiene. Most patients did not visit the dentist after the transplantation. CONCLUSION Renal transplant patients need a comprehensive and regular dental care during the pre- and post-transplant period and a doctor of dental medicine should be part of a multidisciplinary team of medical specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Gašpar
- Department of Oral medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Glavina
- Department of Oral medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ivan Sabol
- National Transplant Coordinator, Ministry of Health, Republic of Croatia
| | - Mirela Bušić
- Department of Oral medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marinka Mravak
- Department of Oral medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- National Transplant Coordinator, Ministry of Health, Republic of Croatia
| | - Stipetić
- Department of Oral medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Olczak-Kowalczyk D, Pyrżak B, Dąbkowska M, Pańczyk-Tomaszewska M, Miszkurka G, Rogozińska I, Swoboda-Kopeć E, Gozdowski D, Kalińska A, Piróg A, Mizerska-Wasiak M, Roszkowska-Blaim M. Candida spp. and gingivitis in children with nephrotic syndrome or type 1 diabetes. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:57. [PMID: 25952029 PMCID: PMC4425863 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes and Nephrotic syndrome (NS) promote plaque-related gingivitis and yeast-like fungal infections. The study assesses the impact of Candida spp. and general disease- or treatment-related factors on plaque-related gingivitis severity in children and adolescents with Nephrotic syndrome /diabetes. Methods Body mass index (BMI), BMI standard deviation score, and oral cavity (Plaque Index – PLI, Gingival Index – GI, mucosa status, presence and Candida enzymatic activity) were assessed in 96 patients (32 with NS: 30- immunosuppressive treatment, 35 - type 1 diabetes, and 29 generally healthy), aged; 3–18 years. Laboratory included cholesterol and triglyceride measurements; in diabetic subjects– glycated haemoglobin, in NS: total protein, albumin, creatinine, haemoglobin, haematocrit, white cell count, urinary protein excretion. Medical records supplied information on disease duration and treatment. A statistical analysis was performed; Kendall Tau coefficient, chi-square test, t-test, and multiple regression analysis ( P < 0.05). Results Candida spp. often occurred in healthy patients, but oral candidiasis was found only in the NS and diabetes groups (9.37% and 11.43%). Gingivitis occurred more frequently in patients with NS/diabetes. Gingivitis severity was correlated with PLI, age, and yeast enzyme activity in NS – to with immunosuppressive treatment with >1 drug, drug doses, treatment duration, lipid disorders, and BMI; in diabetes, with blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin >8%. Conclusion Poor hygiene control is the main cause of gingivitis. Gingivitis severity is most likely related to age, lipid disorders and increase in body mass. Candida spp., in uncompensated diabetes and in those using immunosuppressive treatment, might intensify plaque-related gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 18 Miodowa St, 00-246, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Beata Pyrżak
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Maria Dąbkowska
- Department of Dental Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland.
| | | | - Grażyna Miszkurka
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Izabela Rogozińska
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Ewa Swoboda-Kopeć
- Department of Dental Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Gozdowski
- Department of Experimental Statistics and Bioinformatics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Angelika Kalińska
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 18 Miodowa St, 00-246, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Anna Piróg
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 18 Miodowa St, 00-246, Warszawa, Poland.
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Al-Maweri SA, Al-Jamaei AA, Al-Sufyani GA, Tarakji B, Shugaa-Addin B. Oral mucosal lesions in elderly dental patients in Sana'a, Yemen. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2015; 5:S12-9. [PMID: 25984462 PMCID: PMC4428014 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.156152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES With aging, the oral mucosa becomes more susceptible to external stimuli. The aims of this study were to obtain baseline data on the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) in a population of elderly Yemeni patients and to investigate differences in the presentation of these findings in relation to age, gender, education level, and the wearing of dentures. PATIENTS AND METHODS The prevalence of OMLs was assessed by clinical examination of a sample of 310 elderly Yemeni patients aged 60 years and older. A single examiner performed detailed oral examinations of the oral cavity according to international criteria and the World Health Organization codes. RESULTS The overall prevalence of OMLs was 77.1%, with a significant difference (P < 0.05) between men (80.3%) and women (69.6%). The prevalence rate of OMLs indicated a significant decrease with advancing age. The most frequently observed lesions were fissured tongue (34.2%), benign tumors (17.1%), hairy tongue (16.5%), and qat-induced white lesions (12.6%). Hairy tongue, qat-induced white lesions, and shammah keratosis were associated with men (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, and P < 0.05, respectively), whereas geographic tongue was associated with women (P < 0.05). The presence of one or more lesions was significantly associated with low education level (P < 0.05). Certain OMLs showed a significant association with smoking and qat chewing (P < 0.05). No association was found between the occurrence of OMLs and denture wearing (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present study has shown a high prevalence of oral lesions among Yemeni elders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Bassel Tarakji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam Shugaa-Addin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Aljabab MA, Aljbab AA, Patil SR. Evaluation of Oral Changes Among Tobacco Users of Aljouf Province, Saudi Arabia. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC58-61. [PMID: 26155564 PMCID: PMC4484156 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/13683.5950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To know the prevalence of tobacco associated changes among male population of Aljouf province of Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 536 male subjects with positive history of tobacco habits. All the participants were asked to fill a questionnaire regarding the habit details and were examined clinically for the oral changes. RESULTS Majority of the subjects used tobacco in smoked form (69.0%). Out of the 536 patients with tobacco smoking and chewing habits 72% showed changes in oral mucosa. Smokers melanosis (43.28%) was the most commonly observed oral change followed by leukoedema (27.05%) and smoker's palate (22.76%). Leukoplakia (3.17%) was the most commonly seen premalignant lesion. CONCLUSION The study confirms the fact that use of tobacco can be positively correlated to the occurrence of various benign, premalignant and malignant oral changes. This study aids in creating awareness among the public regarding the deleterious effects of tobacco and may motivate them for cessation of tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ahmed Aljabab
- General Dental Practitioner, Gurrayat Dental Center, Ministry of Health,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah Ahmed Aljbab
- Intern, College of Dentistry, Aljouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Santosh R Patil
- Assistant Professor, College of Dentistry, Aljouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Synergistic effects of betel quid chewing, tobacco use (in the form of cigarette smoking), and alcohol consumption on the risk of malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF): a case-control study in Hunan Province, China. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015; 120:337-45. [PMID: 26130067 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a potentially malignant disorder, wherein 7% to 13% of patients with OSF develop oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) at clinically coincident sites established to have OSF. We aimed at investigating the lifestyle-related risk factors for malignant transformation of OSF. STUDY DESIGN A case-control study was conducted among 80 cases with OSF-associated OSCC and 80 controls with OSF but without clinically or histopathologically evident OSCC, recruited from January 2012 to October 2014 in the Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Province, Mainland China. RESULTS The odds ratios (OR) for OSCC were 13.3 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 3.1-56.4) and 45.1 (95% CI: 9.6-212.9) at the highest exposure of betel quid (BQ) chewing, by duration and frequency, respectively. Higher risks were also found to be associated with the consumption of cigarette (OR = 5.0, 95% CI: 1.7-14.8) and alcohol (OR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.1-8.6). Adjusted ORs increased substantially among patients who consumed BQ and cigarette or alcohol simultaneously, which were 26.1 (95% CI: 4.0-172.6) and 55.-(95% CI: 1.8-1742.8) at the longest duration, and 160.3 (95% CI: 18.7-11371.2) and 58.1 (95% CI: 2.4-1434.9) at the highest dose, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The use of BQ, cigarette, and alcohol were identified as risk factors for malignant transformation of OSF in the Hunan province, Mainland China. Synergistic effects between BQ chewing and cigarette or alcohol consumption were revealed.
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Al-Maweri SA, Tarakji B, Al-Sufyani GA, Al-Shamiri HM, Gazal G. Lip and oral lesions in children with Down syndrome. A controlled study. J Clin Exp Dent 2015; 7:e284-8. [PMID: 26155347 PMCID: PMC4483338 DOI: 10.4317/jced.52283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality affecting numerous organs, including the orofacial region. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of lip and oral soft tissue lesions, with particular emphasize on the incidence of fissured tongue, lip fissures and angular cheilitis, among individuals with DS in Yemen. Material and Methods This controlled cross-sectional study included 50 children with DS (6-18 years), and 50 age-and gender-matched healthy controls. The prevalence of orofacial soft tissue lesions was evaluated in both groups. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and Fisher tests, and p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results Ten orolabial lesions were identified among the subjects. The most frequently seen lesions were: Fissured tongue (78.0%), lip fissures (64.0%), angular cheilitis (38.0%) and Cheilitis (14.0%). The frequencies of these lesions were significantly higher in children with DS than healthy controls (P< 0.001). Most of lip fissures were in the lower lip, and 80% of the fissures were in the midline. Conclusions The prevalence of lip and oral lesions among individuals with DS is remarkably high. Hence, oral physicians should be more aware of the orofacial findings seen more frequently in this genetic disorder. Key words:Down syndrome, lesions, lips, oral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq-Ali Al-Maweri
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, Sana'a University, Yemen
| | - Bassel Tarakji
- Professor, Head Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing,, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hashem M Al-Shamiri
- Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing
| | - Giath Gazal
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University
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Patil S, Doni B, Maheshwari S. Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions in a geriatric Indian population. Can Geriatr J 2015; 18:11-4. [PMID: 25825607 PMCID: PMC4376224 DOI: 10.5770/cgj.18.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral health is important to individuals of all age groups. Previous epidemiologic studies of the oral health status of the general population in India provided very little information about oral mucosal lesions in the elderly. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of the oral lesions in a geriatric Indian population. Methods 5,100 patients were clinically evaluated, with age ranging from 60 to 98 years. There were 3,100 males and 2,000 females, with a mean age of 69 ± 6.3 yrs. The statistical analysis was done using the SPSS software, where p < .05 was considered to be significant. Results 64% of the patients presented with one or more oral lesions, associated to tobacco, betel nut consumption, and lesions secondary to trauma and prosthesis. Males were more affected than females and this difference was clinically not significant (p > .05). The lesions were more frequently observed between 65 to 70 yrs. The most common alterations observed were smoker’s palate (43%), denture stomatitis (34%), oral submucous fibrosis (30%), frictional keratosis (23%), leukoplakia (22%), and pyogenic granuloma (22%). Hard palate was the most commonly affected site (23.1%). Conclusions The findings of the present study provide important information when clinically evaluating oral cavity in elderly. Close follow-up and systematic evaluation is required in the elderly population to plan future treatment needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Patil
- Department of Oral Radiology, College of Dentistry, Aljouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bharti Doni
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Darshan Dental College, Udaipur, (Raj), India
| | - Sneha Maheshwari
- Jodhpur Dental College, Jodhpur National University, Jodhpur (Raj), India
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Oyetola EO, Owotade FJ, Agbelusi GA, Fatusi OA, Sanusi AA. Oral findings in chronic kidney disease: implications for management in developing countries. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:24. [PMID: 25888327 PMCID: PMC4350651 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The importance of oral health care in the management of patients with systemic diseases including chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been affirmed. Many CKD patients have related oral lesions, however, attention to oral health care has been lacking, especially in the developing countries with higher burden of renal diseases. Methods One hundred and eighty patients, 90 cases and 90 controls were recruited, interviewed and examined. Oral mucosa assessment was based on the WHO Guide to Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Diseases. Urinalysis and blood creatinine levels were determined. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of each patient was calculated from the blood creatinine using Cockcroft and Gault formula. Results Oral lesions were present in 86 out of 90 (96.5%) CKD patients compared with 15 out of 90 (16.7%) controls (p < 0.001). Abnormal lip hyperpigmentation was the most frequently seen lesion in 81 out of 90 (90%) CKD patients. Other significant findings were gum bleeding, xerostomia, candidiasis, burning mouth and abnormal taste. In the controls (without CKD), the mean GFR was lower in subjects with oral lesions compared with those without oral lesions p < 0.001. Conclusions CKD and reduced GFR in subjects without CKD are risk factors for oral lesions. The higher prevalence of oral lesions in CKD patients necessitates mandatory oral screening to identify patients with deteriorating renal function. The management of such lesions will enhance the overall well-being of CKD patients in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah O Oyetola
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Foluso J Owotade
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Gbemisola A Agbelusi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi- Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria.
| | - Olawumi A Fatusi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Abubarkar A Sanusi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
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Jordan RA, Bodechtel C, Hertrampf K, Hoffmann T, Kocher T, Nitschke I, Schiffner U, Stark H, Zimmer S, Micheelis W. The Fifth German Oral Health Study (Fünfte Deutsche Mundgesundheitsstudie, DMS V) - rationale, design, and methods. BMC Oral Health 2014; 14:161. [PMID: 25547464 PMCID: PMC4417261 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-14-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral diseases rank among the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in modern societies. In Germany, oral epidemiological data show that both dental caries and periodontal diseases are highly prevalent, though significant improvements in oral health has been taking in the population within the last decades, particularly in children. It is, therefore, the aim of the Fifth German Oral Health Study (DMS V) to actualize the data on current oral health status and to gather information on oral health behavior and risk factors. In addition to current oral health monitoring, the study will also permit conclusions about trends in the development of oral health in Germany between 1989 and 2014. METHODS/DESIGN DMS V is a cross-sectional, multi-center, nationwide representative, socio-epidemiological study to investigate the oral health status und behavior of the German resident population in four age cohorts. Study participants are children (12-year-olds), adults (35- to 44-year-olds), young olds (65- to 74-year-olds), and old olds (75- to 100-year-olds) who are drawn from local residents' registration offices. Social-science investigation parameters concern subjective perceptions and attitudes regarding oral health and nutrition, sense of coherence, and socio-demographic data. Clinical oral parameters are tooth loss, caries and periodontitis, prosthodontic status, further developmental and acquired dental hard tissue and mucosal lesions. To ensure reproducibility, the dental investigators are trained and calibrated by experts and multiple reliability checks are performed throughout the field phase. Statistical analyses are calculated according to a detailed statistical analysis plan. DISCUSSION The DMS studies first performed in 1989, 1992 and repeated in 1997 and 2005 are the only cross-sectional oral health studies conducted in Germany on a population-based national representative level. Updated prevalence and trend analyses of key oral diseases are, therefore, of major epidemiological and health services research interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Health Services Research Data Bank VfD_DMSV_13_002152.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer A Jordan
- Institute of German Dentists (IDZ), Universitaetsstrasse 73, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | | | - Katrin Hertrampf
- Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Unit of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Ina Nitschke
- Clinic for Geriatric and Special Care Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Ulrich Schiffner
- Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Helmut Stark
- Department of Prosthodontics, Preclinical Education, and Dental Materials Science, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhemls University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Stefan Zimmer
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Micheelis
- Institute of German Dentists (IDZ), Universitaetsstrasse 73, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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Al-Maweri SA, Alaizari NA, Al-Sufyani GA. Oral mucosal lesions and their association with tobacco use and qat chewing among Yemeni dental patients. J Clin Exp Dent 2014; 6:e460-6. [PMID: 25674309 PMCID: PMC4312669 DOI: 10.4317/jced.51706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) in patients attending outpatient dental clinics in Sana`a university, Yemen, and to evaluate the association of such lesions with age, gender, and oral habits.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 409 subjects (272 males, 137 females, age: 15-86 years). Detailed clinical examination was performed in accordance with international criteria. Patient history included age, gender, education, denture wearing and risk habits (tobacco use and qat chewing). Data were analyzed using SPSS 19.00.
Results: The prevalence of OMLs was 58.4% with a significant difference between men (63.6%) and women (48.2%; P < 0.05). The most common lesions were fissured tongue (37.2%), hairy tongue (15.9%), tumors and tumor-like lesions (9.8%), qat-induced white lesions (9.3%) and racial pigmentation (5.9%). Overall OMLs prevalence was linked to risk habits and age; qat chewing was statistically significant risk factor for having fissured tongue (OR: 1.77), hairy tongue (OR: 2.74), and white lesions (OR: 2.39) (P < 0.05). Cigarette smoking was statistically significant risk factor for having hairy tongue (OR: 2.82), white lesions (OR: 3.60) and tumors and tumor-like lesions (OR: 2.91) (P < 0.01). The increase in age was statistically significant risk factor for having tumors and tumor-like lesions (OR: 1.04; P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The current results indicate that the occurrence of OMLs among Yemeni adults is high and emphasize that risk habits and age have some relationship with the presence of OMLs.
Key words:Oral mucosa, oral lesions, prevalence, smoking, qat chewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq A Al-Maweri
- Assistant professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Yemen
| | - Nader A Alaizari
- Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Yemen
| | - Ghadah A Al-Sufyani
- Dental practitioner, Department of oral and dental surgery, Al-Kuwait teaching Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen
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Pieralisi N, Godoy J, Yamada S, Santana R, Svidzinski T. Oral lesions and colonization by yeasts in hemodialysis patients. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 44:585-90. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neli Pieralisi
- Department of Dentistry; State University of Maringá; Paraná Brazil
| | - Janine Godoy
- Section of Medical Mycology; Department of Clinical Analysis; State University of Maringá; Paraná Brazil
| | - Sergio Yamada
- University Hospital of Maringá; State University of Maringá; Paraná Brazil
| | - Rosangela Santana
- Department of Statistics; State University of Maringá; Paraná Brazil
| | - Terezinha Svidzinski
- Section of Medical Mycology; Department of Clinical Analysis; State University of Maringá; Paraná Brazil
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Aggnur M, Garg S, Veeresha K, Gambhir R. Oral Health Status, Treatment Needs and Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Workers of Ambala, India - A Cross-sectional Study. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2014; 4:676-81. [PMID: 25328773 PMCID: PMC4199154 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.141496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Health care workers (HCWs) from an important component of the health care system of any nation. Adequate knowledge regarding oral health is also mandatory as it is directly related to general health. Aim: The present study was undertaken to assess oral health status and treatment needs of the health workers in Ambala district and to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of HCWs. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 148 HCWs of Ambala District. World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Performa-1997 was used to collect the data. For the diagnosis of dental caries, WHO type III examination was done using mouth mirrors and sharp probes while periodontal assessments were done by community periodontal index-probes. The data were analyzed using SPSS package, Chicago, IL, version 13.0. Results: Eating sweets and poor oral hygiene lead to dental caries were cited as the main reasons for dental caries by 62.2% (92/148) of subjects. Majority of the subjects (43.2%, 64/148) used to brush their teeth once a day. Mean number of decayed and missing teeth due to caries were 4.73 and 0.628 respectively. Prosthetic needs for maxillary arch were almost the same when compared to the prosthesis in the mandibular arch. Majority of the male (82.1%, 46/56) and female (79.3%, 73/92) subjects were having calculus. Conclusion: Attitude of the health workers toward oral health was poor as they had significantly higher treatment needs. The present study emphasized the need of regular dental checkup and health education of HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aggnur
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, MM University, Mullana, Haryana, India
| | - S Garg
- Department of Oral Surgery, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Kl Veeresha
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, MM University, Mullana, Haryana, India
| | - Rs Gambhir
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Gian Sagar Dental College and Hospital, Rajpura, Punjab, India
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92
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Feng J, Zhou Z, Shen X, Wang Y, Shi L, Wang Y, Hu Y, Sun H, Liu W. Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 44:490-4. [PMID: 25243724 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiu Feng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry; Shanghai Stomatological Disease Center; Shanghai China
| | - Zengtong Zhou
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Xuemin Shen
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Linjun Shi
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Shanghai Dental Diseases Prevention and Cure Center of YangPu District; Shanghai China
| | - Ye Hu
- Shanghai Dental Diseases Prevention and Cure Center of MinHang District; Shanghai China
| | - Hongying Sun
- Department of Stomatology; Huashan Hospital; Fudan University; Shanghai China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
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93
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Ercalik-Yalcinkaya S, Özcan M. Association between Oral Mucosal Lesions and Hygiene Habits in a Population of Removable Prosthesis Wearers. J Prosthodont 2014; 24:271-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebnem Ercalik-Yalcinkaya
- Associate Professor; Marmara University; Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Professor; University of Zürich; Center for Dental and Oral Medicine; Dental Materials Unit; Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science; Zürich Switzerland
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94
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Sohi R, Gambhir R, Sogi G, Veeresha K, Randhawa A. Dental health status and treatment needs of police personnel of a north Indian state: a cross-sectional study. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2014; 4:567-71. [PMID: 25221706 PMCID: PMC4160682 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.139321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral health is an integral part of general health. Police personnel form the backbone for safety and security of a community hence their health is of utmost importance. Aim: The present study was conducted to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of police personnel employed in police stations of three districts within 35 km radius around Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all the available police personnel at various police stations. Final sample size comprised of 652 subjects. The data were recorded on modified World Health Organization format (1997). Results: The mean age of subjects was 41.02 years (standard deviation = 12.29), 98.9% (645/652) were males and 1.1% (7/652) were females. The prevalence of dental caries was 54.3% (352/652) and the mean decayed, missing and filled teeth was 3.05. Mean number of teeth requiring filling and extraction were 0.44 and 0.67 respectively. Only 2.92% (19/652) of subjects possessed prosthesis in mandibular arch and a same number of individuals possessed prosthesis in maxillary arch. Regarding highest community periodontal index (CPI) score, 23.6% (153/652) subjects had a healthy periodontium whereas maximum subjects (61.3%, 398/652) had a CPI score 2. Conclusion: Prevalence of dental caries was quite high. Despite a high prosthetic need, only a small number of subjects possessed dental prosthesis. Overall periodontal status was satisfactory with a high number of subjects having completely healthy periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rk Sohi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, MM University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Rs Gambhir
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Gian Sagar Dental College and Hospital, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Gm Sogi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KLE Dental College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
| | - Kl Veeresha
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, MM University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - A Randhawa
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Guru Ram Das Dental College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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95
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Keten D, Keten HS, Goktas MT, Ucer H, Ersoy O, Celik M. Oral Candida carriage and prevalence of Candida species among Maras powder users and non-users. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 44:502-6. [PMID: 25213478 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate Candida carriage and species in Maras powder users and non-users. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study included 100 volunteering men in 12 cafés in the city of Kahramanmaras, Turkey. A questionnaire composed of questions about socio-demographic features and Maras powder use was filled in by the participants. Culture specimens were obtained from bilateral buccal mucosa and dorsum of the tongue with a sterile cotton-tipped swap. The specimens were inoculated in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 48.0 ± 12.5 years (min = 20, max = 70). Fifty-four percent of the Maras powder users and 22% of the non-users were Candida carriers. The difference between the groups was significant (P = 0.001). The most frequently isolated species was Candida albicans at a rate of 44% in the Maras powder users and at a rate of 18% in the non-users. Other frequent species were Candida glabrata at a rate of 6% in the Maras powder users and 2% in the control group and Candida tropicalis at a rate of 4% in the Maras powder users and 2% in the nonusers. CONCLUSION We found that a significantly high rate of the Maras powder users was Candida carriers. It should be kept in mind that opportunistic infections may be caused by Candida species in Maras powder users especially with immunosuppressive conditions since Candida species are likely to lead to such infections in cases of immunosuppressive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Keten
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Necip Fazil City Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Hamit S Keten
- Department of Family Medicine, Onikisubat Community Health Center, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Mustafa T Goktas
- Department of Pharmacology, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Ucer
- Department of Family Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Ersoy
- Department of Public Health, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Celik
- Department of Family Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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96
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Nagao T, Warnakulasuriya S, Nakamura T, Kato S, Yamamoto K, Fukano H, Suzuki K, Shimozato K, Hashimoto S. Treatment of oral leukoplakia with a low-dose of beta-carotene and vitamin C supplements: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:1708-17. [PMID: 25156040 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Management of oral leukoplakia-a potentially malignant disorder-is currently not evidence-based. Of the few randomized trials that have been reported, most have negative data. Therefore, a multi-centre, randomized, double-blind controlled trial (RCT) was undertaken to evaluate the use of low-dose beta-carotene combined with vitamin C supplements for the treatment and to prevent malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. 46 Japanese participants with oral leukoplakia were allocated randomly either to an experimental arm (10 mg day(-1) of beta-carotene and 500 mg day(-1) of vitamin C) or placebo arm (50 mg day(-1) of vitamin C). Current or ex-smokers within 3 months of cessation were excluded. The supplements were continued over a period of 1 year. The primary endpoint was clinical remission at 1-year and the likelihood of malignant transformation during a 5-year follow-up period as a secondary endpoint. The overall clinical response rate in the experimental arm was 17.4% (4/23) and 4.3% (1/23) in the placebo arm (p = 0.346). During the median 60-month follow-up period, two subjects in the experimental arm and three in the control arm developed oral cancer. Under the intention-to-treat principle, relative risk by supplementing with beta-carotene and vitamin C was 0.77 (95%CI: 0.28-1.89) (p = 0.580) by the Cox proportional hazards model. No unfavorable side-effects were noted. Beta-carotene (10 mg day(-1) ) and vitamin C were neither effective for clinical remission, nor for protection against the development of cancer. Data from this RCT does not support the hypothesis that chemoprevention with this treatment is effective for oral leukoplakia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Nagao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Okazaki City Hospital, Okazaki, Japan; Department of Oral Medicine, WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer/Precancer, King's, College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's & St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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97
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PADOVANI MCRL, SANTOS MTBR, SANT’ANNA GRD, GUARÉ RO. Prevalence of oral manifestations in soft tissues during early childhood in Brazilian children. Braz Oral Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2014.vol28.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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98
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Javed F, Ahmed HB, Mehmood A, Saeed A, Al-Hezaimi K, Samaranayake LP. Association between glycemic status and oral Candida carriage in patients with prediabetes. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 117:53-8. [PMID: 24332327 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the association between glycemic status and oral Candida carriage among patients with prediabetes. STUDY DESIGN This was a comparative study of oral Candida carriage among individuals with prediabetes. Oral yeast samples were collected from 150 individuals: group A was 43 patients with prediabetes (fasting blood glucose levels and hemoglobin A1c, 100 to 125 mg/dL and ≥5%, respectively); group B was 37 individuals previously considered prediabetic but having fasting blood glucose levels <100 mg/dL and hemoglobin A1c <5%; and group C was 70 medically healthy individuals. Oral yeasts were identified using standard techniques. Unstimulated whole salivary flow rate and number of missing teeth were recorded. RESULTS Oral Candida was isolated from 100% of patients with prediabetes and from 65.7% of control participants. Candida albicans carriage was higher among patients with prediabetes (48.7%) (P < .01) and patients in group A (51.2%) (P < .01) than among controls (25.7%). Candida carriage, unstimulated whole salivary flow rate, and number of missing teeth were similar in groups A and B. CONCLUSIONS Oral Candida carriage was higher in patients with prediabetes than in controls and was independent of glycemic status in patients with prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Javed
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration, 3D Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Abid Mehmood
- Department of Dentistry, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Saeed
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Al-Hezaimi
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration, 3D Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabi
| | - Lakshman P Samaranayake
- Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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99
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Al-Maweri SA, Al-Soneidar WA, Halboub ES. Oral lesions and dental status among institutionalized orphans in Yemen: A matched case-control study. Contemp Clin Dent 2014; 5:81-4. [PMID: 24808701 PMCID: PMC4012124 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.128673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) and dental caries and to evaluate oral health practices among institutionalized orphan-children in Sana'a city, Yemen. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A sample of 202 institutionalized male-orphan-children in the main orphanage in Sana'a city, were matched to 202 non-orphan schoolchildren. Clinical examination included assessment of OMLs based on standard international diagnostic criteria and evaluation of dental status using the Decayed/decayed, Missed/missed and Filled/filled (DMFT/dmft) index according to World Health Organization recommendations. Demographic data and oral hygiene practices were obtained by interviewing each subject using special questionnaire form. RESULTS Majority of children were in the 12-15 year age group. Nine types of lesions were reported among orphans; the most common lesions were fissured tongue (24.3%), herpes labialis (7.9%) and traumatic ulcers (2.5%). The occurrence of herpes labialis was found to be significantly higher in orphans than in controls (P < 0.01). The prevalence of dental caries was insignificantly lower among the orphans (84.7%) compared with the non-orphans (89.61%; P = 0.136). The mean dmft score was significantly lower in orphans than in controls (2.28 vs. 3.82; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The institutionalized children in this orphanage had a high prevalence of OMLs but low prevalence of dental caries, though they revealed poor oral hygiene practices. Effective oral health promotion strategies need to be implemented to improve the oral health and oral health practices of children living in orphanages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Walid A Al-Soneidar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Esam S Halboub
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
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100
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Rosentul DC, Plantinga TS, Farcas M, Oosting M, Hamza OJM, Scott WK, Alexander BD, Yang JC, Laird GM, Joosten LAB, van der Meer JWM, Perfect JR, Kullberg BJ, van der Ven AJAM, Johnson MD, Netea MG. Role of autophagy genetic variants for the risk of Candida infections. Med Mycol 2014; 52:333-41. [PMID: 24713404 PMCID: PMC4687479 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myt035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans can cause candidemia in neutropenic and critically ill patients and oropharyngeal candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with low CD4(+) counts. Because all patients at risk do not develop Candida infections, it is possible that a patient's genetic background might play a role in his or her susceptibility to infection. Autophagy mediates pathogen clearance and modulation of inflammation. Our aim was to assess the effect of genetic variations in the ATG16L1 and IRGM autophagy genes on the susceptibility of patients with candidemia and oropharyngeal candidiasis. We assessed genetic variations in the ATG16L1 and IRGM genes in a cohort of candidemia patients of both African and European origin. In addition, we evaluated the effect of these polymorphisms on the susceptibility to oropharyngeal candidiasis of an HIV-positive cohort from Tanzania. Functional studies have been performed to assess the effect of the ATG16L1 and IRGM genetic variants on both in vitro and in vivo cytokine production. The results indicate that ATG16L1 variants modulate production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, but not other cytokines, while no effects were seen in the presence of IRGM polymorphisms. In addition, no significant associations between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the ATG16L1 and IRGM genetic variants and the incidence of candidemia or oropharyngeal candidiasis were identified. Despite moderate effects on the modulation of proinflammatory cytokine production, genetic variation in the autophagy genes ATG16L1 and IRGM has a minor impact on the susceptibility to both mucosal and systemic Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Rosentul
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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