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Khangwal M, Solanki R, Rahman H. Effect of therapeutic fractionated radiotherapy on bond strength and interfacial marginal adaptation of Adseal, MTA Fillapex, and EndoSequence BC sealer: An in vitro study. SAUDI ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/sej.sej_21_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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52
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Eren SK, Örs SA, Aksel H, Canay Ş, Karasan D. Effect of irrigants on the color stability, solubility, and surface characteristics of calcium-silicate based cements. Restor Dent Endod 2022; 47:e10. [PMID: 35284325 PMCID: PMC8891465 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2022.47.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Küçükkaya Eren
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevinc Askerbeyli Örs
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hacer Aksel
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Şenay Canay
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Karasan
- Division of Prosthodontics, Clinique Universitaire de Médecine Dentaire (CUMD), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Elbanna A, Atta D, Sherief D. In vitro bioactivity of newly introduced dual-cured resin-modified calcium silicate cement. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022; 19:1. [PMID: 35308449 PMCID: PMC8927947 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.336686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was designed to investigate the in vitro bioactivity of a new dual cured calcium silicate cement (TheraCal PT) compared to its light cured (TheraCal LC) and chemically set (Biodentine) counterparts. Materials and Methods: The study is an in vitro original research article. Prepared cements discs were immersed in deionized water. Ca2+ release was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry while pH was assessed using a pH meter after 1, 14, and 28 days. Discs for surface characterization were immersed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and were examined using an environmental scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray (ESEM/EDX), immediately after setting and at 1, 14, and 28 days intervals after that. Attenuated total reflectance (ATR)/Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy analyses were performed after setting and after 28 days storage in PBS. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-way repeated measure analysis of variance test followed by Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons (P < 0.05). Results: Biodentine exhibited the highest mean values for Ca2+ release (792,639,278 ppm) and pH (10.99, 12.7, 11.54) at all time intervals. ESEM/EDX displayed a continuous layer of calcium phosphate formed by Biodentine and TheraCal LC while TheraCal PT developed scarce interrupted precipitates after immersion in PBS. ATR/FTIR and Raman spectroscopy for the formed precipitates confirmed the presence of phosphate and Ca (OH) 2 in Biodentine, TheraCal LC and TheraCal PT. Conclusion: TheraCal PT exhibited limited in vitro bioactivity which may limit its prognosis in clinical applications for vital pulp therapy. TheraCal LC is considered a potential bioactive calcium silicate cement despite its lower Ca2+ release compared to Biodentine. Highest bioactivity was observed in Biodentine.
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54
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de Azevedo Queiroz ÍO, Machado T, Alves CC, Brito VGB, de Vasconcelos BC, Gomes-Filho JE, Ervolino E, de Oliveira SHP, Duarte MAH. Biological and antimicrobial properties of the association Ambroxol and a water-soluble viscous liquid as a vehicle for a tricalcium silicate-based sealer. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:140. [PMID: 34817700 PMCID: PMC8613135 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial and biological properties of Ambroxol associated with glycerin (GLI), propylene glycol (PG), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a possible vehicle for an experimental tricalcium silicate sealer, with the intention of developing a new biomaterial. Mouse undifferentiated dental pulp cells (OD-21) were cultured, and the effects of different association on cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production were investigated. Antimicrobial adhesion of Enterococcus faecalis to setting sealers at 2 h was evaluated. Polyethylene tubes containing experimental sealers and empty tubes were implanted into dorsal connective tissues of 12 male 3- to 4-months-old Wistar rats (250-280 g). After 7 and 30 days, the tubes were removed and processed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. ANOVA followed by Bonferroni correction and ANOVA followed by Tukey test was used for parametric data and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn for nonparametric (p < 0.05). Cell proliferation was dose-dependent, since all association were cytotoxic at higher concentrations; however, Ambroxol-PEG showed significantly higher cytotoxicity than other association (p < 0.05). In addition, irrespective of the association, no cytokine production was observed in vitro. Ambroxol-GLI reduced bacterial viability, whereas Ambroxol-PEG increased (p < 0.05). Histological examination showed no significant difference in the inflammatory response (p > 0.05) and mineralization ability in all association. Additionally, IL-1β and TNF-α were upregulated on Ambroxol-PEG in relation to Control at 07 days (p < 0.05). Ambroxol-GLI was the best vehicle for experimental tricalcium silicate sealer, as it promoted an increase in antimicrobial activity without altering the inflammatory response or mineralization ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Índia Olinta de Azevedo Queiroz
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru School of Dentistry, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, Bauru, SP, 9-75, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Machado
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Integrated Clinic, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, SP, 1193, Brazil
| | - Camila Carneiro Alves
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua José Bonifácio, Araçatuba, SP, 1193, Brazil
| | - Victor Gustavo Balera Brito
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua José Bonifácio, Araçatuba, SP, 1193, Brazil
| | - Bruno Carvalho de Vasconcelos
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Sobral, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Rua Coronel Estanislau Frota, Sobral, CE, 563, Brazil
| | - João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua José Bonifácio, Araçatuba, SP, 1193, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua José Bonifácio, Araçatuba, SP, 1193, Brazil
| | - Sandra Helena Penha de Oliveira
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua José Bonifácio, Araçatuba, SP, 1193, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru School of Dentistry, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, Bauru, SP, 9-75, Brazil
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55
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Slaboseviciute M, Vasiliauskaite N, Drukteinis S, Martens L, Rajasekharan S. Discoloration Potential of Biodentine: A Systematic Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226861. [PMID: 34832263 PMCID: PMC8619462 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the teeth discoloration potential of Biodentine. An electronic search in six databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS, SCIELO, Web of Science, and Scopus) was conducted by three independent reviewers to identify eligible articles. The following search terms were used: ((discolo*, staining potential, color, colour, or spectrophotomet*), (teeth or tooth), and (Biodentine)). Methodology following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines was adopted for this investigation. At the end of the selection process, 30 articles were identified as eligible, of which 14 in vitro studies were included in this systematic review. Nine of the included studies evaluated the discoloration potential of Biodentine in the presence of blood. Within the limitations of this review, teeth discoloration using Biodentine is highly expected when material is placed in direct contact with blood during dental procedures. In the absence of blood, Biodentine causes less teeth color changes than MTA-based materials, but it is still unclear what clinically relevant results could be expected regarding the discoloration frequency and intensity induced by Biodentine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Slaboseviciute
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio 115, 08217 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Neringa Vasiliauskaite
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio 115, 08217 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Saulius Drukteinis
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio 115, 08217 Vilnius, Lithuania; (M.S.); (N.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-610-41808
| | - Luc Martens
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Ghent University School of Oral Health Sciences, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Sivaprakash Rajasekharan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Ghent University School of Oral Health Sciences, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.M.); (S.R.)
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56
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Vital Pulp Therapy in Aesthetic Zone-Identifying the Biomaterial That Reduces the Risk of Tooth Discolouration. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206026. [PMID: 34683617 PMCID: PMC8539990 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based cements are biocompatible materials for vital pulp therapy. However, they discolour the tooth tissue, which is important for the aesthetics of the anterior teeth. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of calcium silicate-based cements on tooth discolouration. The study included 70 extracted bovine incisors. The crown of the tooth was cut off from the root, 2 mm below the cement-enamel junction. The pulp tissue was removed via a cervical cut with a barbed broach. The teeth were randomly divided into five experimental, one positive, and one negative control groups. The evaluated materials included Biodentine, Ortho MTA, Retro MTA, MTA Plus, MTA Repair HP, and in the positive group, ProRoot MTA. A VITA Easyshade Compact 5.0 spectrophotometer was used before the application, after 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The significance levels were set at p < 0.05. All materials significantly changed the teeth colour (p < 0.05). However, Ortho MTA, ProRoot MTA, MTA Plus, and Biodentine (ΔE > 6) caused maximum colour change after 6 months. While the ProRoot MTA, Ortho MTA, and MTA Plus caused grey discolouration, Biodentine darkened the shade of the base colour. Thus, Retro MTA and MTA Repair HP can be safely used in the aesthetic dentition zone. According to these clinical results, the possibility of using Biodentine, due to its lack of gray discoloration, can be considered.
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57
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Toida Y, Kawano S, Islam R, Jiale F, Chowdhury AA, Hoshika S, Shimada Y, Tagami J, Yoshiyama M, Inoue S, Carvalho RM, Yoshida Y, Sano H. Pulpal response to mineral trioxide aggregate containing phosphorylated pullulan-based capping material. Dent Mater J 2021; 41:126-133. [PMID: 34602588 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the pulpal responses of monkey's pulp after direct pulp capping (DPC) with the novel mineral trioxide aggregate containing phosphorylated pullulan-based material (MTAPPL). Seventy-two teeth were randomly divided into four groups: MTAPPL; Nex-Cem MTA (NX); TheraCal LC (TH); and Dycal (DY). Histopathological changes in the pulps were observed at days 3, 7 and 70. On day 3, mild inflammatory responses were observed in the MTAPPL, no to moderate inflammatory responses in the TH, whereas moderate inflammatory responses in the NX and DY. No mineralized tissue formation (MTF) was observed in all groups. On day 7, no or mild inflammatory responses were observed in all groups. Initial MTF was observed except for DY. No inflammation with complete MTF including presence of odontoblast-like cells was observed in the MTAPPL, NX and TH groups at day 70. These findings indicate that MTAPPL could be an efficient DPC material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Toida
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Shimpei Kawano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University.,Sapporo Prison, Sapporo Regional Correction Headquarters, Correction Bureau, Ministry of Justice, Government of Japan
| | - Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Fu Jiale
- Department of Dental Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease
| | - Afm A Chowdhury
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University.,Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sapporo Dental College and Hospital
| | - Shuhei Hoshika
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Field of Study of Biofunctional Recovery and Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Masahiro Yoshiyama
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Field of Study of Biofunctional Recovery and Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Section for Clinical Education, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Ricardo M Carvalho
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Hidehiko Sano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
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58
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Chitosan-Based Accelerated Portland Cement Promotes Dentinogenic/Osteogenic Differentiation and Mineralization Activity of SHED. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193358. [PMID: 34641172 PMCID: PMC8512062 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) are widely used in various endodontic treatments to promote wound healing and hard tissue formation. Chitosan-based accelerated Portland cement (APC-CT) is a promising and affordable material for endodontic use. This study investigated the effect of APC-CT on apoptosis, cell attachment, dentinogenic/osteogenic differentiation and mineralization activity of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). APC-CT was prepared with various concentrations of chitosan (CT) solution (0%, 0.625%, 1.25% and 2.5% (w/v)). Cell attachment was determined by direct contact analysis using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM); while the material extracts were used for the analyses of apoptosis by flow cytometry, dentinogenic/osteogenic marker expression by real-time PCR and mineralization activity by Alizarin Red and Von Kossa staining. The cells effectively attached to the surfaces of APC and APC-CT, acquiring flattened elongated and rounded-shape morphology. Treatment of SHED with APC and APC-CT extracts showed no apoptotic effect. APC-CT induced upregulation of DSPP, MEPE, DMP-1, OPN, OCN, OPG and RANKL expression levels in SHED after 14 days, whereas RUNX2, ALP and COL1A1 expression levels were downregulated. Mineralization assays showed a progressive increase in the formation of calcium deposits in cells with material containing higher CT concentration and with incubation time. In conclusion, APC-CT is nontoxic and promotes dentinogenic/osteogenic differentiation and mineralization activity of SHED, indicating its regenerative potential as a promising substitute for the commercially available CSCs to induce dentin/bone regeneration.
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59
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Sanz JL, Guerrero-Gironés J, Pecci-Lloret MP, Pecci-Lloret MR, Melo M. Biological interactions between calcium silicate-based endodontic biomaterials and periodontal ligament stem cells: A systematic review of in vitro studies. Int Endod J 2021; 54:2025-2043. [PMID: 34338339 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most recently, the biological interactions, that is cytocompatibility, cell differentiation and mineralization potential, between calcium silicate-based biomaterials and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have been studied at an in vitro level, in order to predict their clinical behaviour during endodontic procedures involving direct contact with periodontal tissues, namely root canal treatment, endodontic surgery and regenerative endodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present systematic review was to present a qualitative synthesis of available in vitro studies assessing the biological interaction of PDLSCs and calcium silicate-based biomaterials. METHODOLOGY The present review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. An advanced database search was performed in Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and SciELO on 1 July 2020 and last updated on 22 April 2021. Studies assessing the biological interactions of PDLSCs with calcium silicate-based sealers (CSSs) and/or cements (CSCs) at an in vitro level were considered for inclusion. The evaluation of the 'biological interaction' was defined as any assay or test on the cytotoxicity, cytocompatibility, cell plasticity or differentiation potential, and bioactive properties of PDLSCs cultured in CSC or CSS-conditioned media. Quality (risk of bias) was assessed using a modified CONSORT checklist for in vitro studies of dental materials. RESULTS A total of 20 studies were included for the qualitative synthesis. CSCs and CSSs, as a group of endodontic materials, exhibit adequate cytocompatibility and favour the osteo/cementogenic differentiation and mineralization potential of PDLSCs, as evidenced from the in vitro studies included in the present systematic review. DISCUSSION The influence of the compositional differences, inclusion of additives, sample preparation, and varying conditions and manipulations on the biological properties of calcium silicate-based materials remain a subject for future research. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the in vitro nature of the included studies, this work supports the potential use of calcium silicate-based endodontic materials in stem cell therapy and biologically based regenerative endodontic procedures. REGISTRATION OSF Registries; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SQ9UY.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Sanz
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Guerrero-Gironés
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María P Pecci-Lloret
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel R Pecci-Lloret
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Melo
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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60
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Influence of Blood Contamination on Push-Out Bond Strength of Three Calcium Silicate-Based Materials to Root Dentin. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11156849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A proper bond between root canal filling materials and dentin surface is essential to resist dislodgement and guarantee long-term success. Blood exposure is likely to occur in various clinical situations in which calcium silicate-based materials are used; therefore, it is fundamental to render data concerning the influence of blood on bond strength. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of blood contamination on the push-out bond strength obtained with three different biomaterials to root canal dentin; Ninety extracted human mono-radicular permanent teeth were selected. The root canals were prepared with Gates Glidden burs until a diameter of 1.10 mm was achieved. Teeth were then randomly divided into six experimental groups (n = 15) according to the presence/absence of blood contamination and biomaterial used for root canal filling (ProRoot® MTA, BiodentineTM, and TotalFill® BC Putty). After one week, each root was sectioned in three segments (coronal, middle, and apical regions). Specimens were then submitted to push-out bond strength tests. Fracture pattern evaluation was performed. The significance level was set at 5%.; Blood contamination did not affect the push-out bond strength of any of the three tested calcium silicate-based cements (p > 0.05). Regardless of blood contamination, TotalFill showed statistically higher push-out bond strength when compared with Biodentine (p = 0.040) and MTA (p = 0.004). Biodentine exhibited higher bond strength than MTA (p = 0.043). Biomaterials’ comparison within each radicular segment revealed statistically superior bond strength of both Biodentine and TotalFill over MTA (p < 0.05) in the coronal segment. TotalFill presented higher push-out bond strength regarding the apical segment compared to Biodentine (p = 0.003). Fractures were mostly adhesive.; Overall results indicate TotalFill presents the highest push-out bond strength values, followed by Biodentine and, lastly, MTA. Blood contamination did not affect the dislodgement resistance. Biomaterials’ comparison within each radicular segment revealed both TotalFill and Biodentine as the preferable alternatives for application in the coronal region. TotalFill might be the biomaterial of choice for placement in the apical region.
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61
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Biodentine TM Full Pulpotomy in Mature Permanent Teeth with Irreversible Pulpitis and Apical Periodontitis. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9060720. [PMID: 34204620 PMCID: PMC8231158 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vital pulp therapy, including direct pulp capping and partial and full pulpotomy, is primarily indicated for immature or mature permanent teeth with reversible pulpitis. Mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis are frequently treated with root canal therapy. This report presents two cases of full pulpotomy using BiodentineTM in mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis and acute apical periodontitis. The periapical radiograph illustrated a deep carious lesion extended to the pulp with apical radiolucency lesion or widened periodontal ligament space. Full pulpotomy with a tricalcium silicate-based cement was chosen as the definitive treatment. After decayed tissue excavation under a rubber dam, the exposed pulp tissue was amputated to the level of the canal orifice with a new sterile bur. BiodentineTM was applied as the pulp capping agent after hemostasis was obtained and for temporary restoration. The clinical signs disappeared quickly after the treatment. After one month, the coronal part of the temporary restoration was removed, and a composite resin was placed over the capping agent as a final restoration. At two-year follow-ups, the teeth were asymptomatic. Radiographs showed healing of the periapical lesion and periodontal ligament. BiodentineTM full pulpotomy of mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis can be an alternative option to root canal therapy.
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62
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Rodrigues NS, França CM, Tahayeri A, Ren Z, Saboia VPA, Smith AJ, Ferracane JL, Koo H, Bertassoni LE. Biomaterial and Biofilm Interactions with the Pulp-Dentin Complex-on-a-Chip. J Dent Res 2021; 100:1136-1143. [PMID: 34036838 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211016429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium silicate cements (CSCs) are the choice materials for vital pulp therapy because of their bioactive properties, promotion of pulp repair, and dentin bridge formation. Despite the significant progress made in understanding CSCs' mechanisms of action, the key events that characterize the early interplay between CSC-dentin-pulp are still poorly understood. To address this gap, a microfluidic device, the "tooth-on-a-chip," which was developed to emulate the biomaterial-dentin-pulp interface, was used to test 1) the effect of CSCs (ProRoot, Biodentine, and TheraCal) on the viability and proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells, 2) variations of pH, and 3) release within the pulp chamber of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) as a surrogate of the bioactive dentin matrix molecules. ProRoot significantly increased the extraction of TGFβ (P < 0.05) within 24 to 72 h and, along with Biodentine, induced higher cell proliferation (P > 0.05), while TheraCal decreased cell viability and provoked atypical changes in cell morphology. No correlation between TGFβ levels and pH was observed. Further, we established a biofilm of Streptococcus mutans on-chip to model the biomaterial-biofilm-dentin interface and conducted a live and dead assay to test the antimicrobial capability of ProRoot in real time. In conclusion, the device allows for direct characterization of the interaction of bioactive dental materials with the dentin-pulp complex on a model of restored tooth while enabling assessment of antibiofilm properties at the interface in real time that was previously unattainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Rodrigues
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - C M França
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - A Tahayeri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Z Ren
- Department of Orthodontics, Divisions of Community Oral Health & Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - V P A Saboia
- Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - A J Smith
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J L Ferracane
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - H Koo
- Department of Orthodontics, Divisions of Community Oral Health & Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine and School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L E Bertassoni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
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Yoo KH, Kim YI, Yoon SY. Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Mg-Doped Calcium Silicate Endodontic Cement. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1843. [PMID: 33917786 PMCID: PMC8068188 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based cement has been widely used for endodontic repair. However, it has a long setting time and needs to shorten setting time. This study investigated the effects of magnesium (Mg) ion on the setting reaction, mechanical properties, and biological properties of calcium silicate cement (CSC). Sol-gel route was used to synthesize Mg ion-doped calcium silicate cement. Synthesized cement was formulated with the addition of different contents of Mg ion, according to 0, 1, 3, 5 mol% of Mg ion-doped calcium silicate. The synthesized cements were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We also evaluated the physicochemical and biological properties of cement, such as the setting time, compressive strength, micro-hardness, simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion, cytotoxicity, and cell differentiation tests. As a result, the Mg ion improves the hydration properties of calcium silicate cement, and the setting time is reduced by increasing the amounts of Mg ion. However, the mechanical properties deteriorated with increasing Mg ion, and 1 and 3 mol% Mg-doped calcium silicate had appropriate mechanical properties. Also, the results of biological properties such as cytotoxicity, ALP activity, and ARS staining improved with Mg ion. Consequently, the optimal condition is 3 mol% of Mg ion-doped calcium silicate (3%Mg-CSC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hyeon Yoo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Seog-Young Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
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Effects of pre-mixed hydraulic calcium silicate putties on osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in vitro. J Dent 2021; 108:103653. [PMID: 33798641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An experimental tricalcium silicate and dicalcium silicate-containing endodontic putty has been designed to overcome the issue of reduced shelf life after exposure to atmospheric moisture during repeated opening of the container for clinical retrieval. The present study examined the effects of this experimental hydraulic putty on the mineralogenic characteristics of osteogenic lineage-committed human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), by comparing the cellular responses with a commercially available putty (EndoSequence BC RRM Putty). METHODS The osteogenic potential of hDPSCs that had been exposed to the putties was examined using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for osteogenic gene expressions and western blot for osteogenic protein expressions. Alkaline phosphatase activity assay and alizarin red S staining were performed to detect changes in production of the intracellular enzyme and extracellular matrix mineralization respectively. RESULTS Osteogenic differentiation of the hDPSCs was significantly enhanced after exposure to the pre-mixed hydraulic putties, with no significant difference between these two examined putties. CONCLUSIONS The experimental hydraulic tricalcium silicate putty enhances osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs to the same extent as a commercially available tricalcium silicate putty. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The experimental hydraulic putty appears to be an alternative to the commercial putty when used for applications involving the regeneration of bone in endodontics. Animal models are required for validating its potential in enhancing osteogenesis in vivo.
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Talabani RM, Garib BT, Masaeli R, Zandsalimi K, Ketabat F. Biomineralization of three calcium silicate-based cements after implantation in rat subcutaneous tissue. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e1. [PMID: 33680890 PMCID: PMC7906840 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the dystrophic mineralization deposits from 3 calcium silicate-based cements (Micro-Mega mineral trioxide aggregate [MM-MTA], Biodentine [BD], and EndoSequence Root Repair Material [ESRRM] putty) over time after subcutaneous implantation into rats. Materials and Methods Forty-five silicon tubes containing the tested materials and 15 empty tubes (serving as a control group) were subcutaneously implanted into the backs of 15 Wistar rats. At 1, 4, and 8 weeks after implantation, the animals were euthanized (n = 5 animals/group), and the silicon tubes were removed with the surrounding tissues. Histopathological tissue sections were stained with von Kossa stain to assess mineralization. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) were also used to assess the chemical components of the surface precipitates deposited on the implant and the pattern of calcium and phosphorus distribution at the material-tissue interface. The calcium-to-phosphorus ratios were compared using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance level of 5%. Results The von Kossa staining showed that both BD and ESRRM putty induced mineralization starting at week 1; this mineralization increased further until the end of the study. In contrast, MM-MTA induced dystrophic calcification later, from 4 weeks onward. SEM/EDX showed no statistically significant differences in the calcium- and phosphorus-rich areas among the 3 materials at any time point (p > 0.05). Conclusions After subcutaneous implantation, biomineralization of the 3-calcium silicate-based cements started early and increased over time, and all 3 tested cements generated calcium- and phosphorus-containing surface precipitates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reza Masaeli
- Department of Dental Biomaterial, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kavosh Zandsalimi
- Department of Life Sciences Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Ketabat
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Qiu YJ, Tang J, Saito T. A novel bio-active adhesive monomer induces odontoblast differentiation: a comparative study. Int Endod J 2021; 53:1413-1429. [PMID: 33460206 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the in vitro effect of the novel adhesive monomer CMET, a calcium salt of 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate (4-MET), on the proliferation, mineralization and differentiation of odontoblast-like cells, comparing with 4-MET, calcium hydroxide (CH) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). METHODOLOGY Rat odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 5% foetal bovine serum. The powder of four tested materials (CMET, 4-MET, CH and MTA) was first dissolved in distilled water (dH2O) and then was diluted by DMEM to yield final concentrations. Solvent (dH2O) was used as a control. Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 assay. Real-time RT-PCR was used to quantify the mRNA expression of odontogenic markers, cytokines and integrins. Mineralization inducing capacity was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity and alizarin red S staining. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way anova and post hoc Tukey's HSD test, with the significance level at 1%. RESULTS Cell viability was significantly greater in the CMET- (83 to 828 mmol L-1), CH- and MTA-treated (low concentrations) groups than that in the control group (P < 0.01). Higher concentrations of each material decreased the viable cells to different extents (P < 0.01). CMET treatment augmented the expression of several integrin subunits and exhibited the highest mRNA expression levels of odontogenic markers among all groups (P < 0.01). CH and MTA treatment caused significantly greater upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression than the other groups (P < 0.01). The calcific deposition of MDPC-23 cells was dose-dependently accelerated by the addition of CMET (P < 0.01); the enhancement of mineralization was also found in the fresh prepared CH and MTA treatments. Besides, CMET showed consistency in mineralization induction after 8 weeks storage. Exposure to SB202190, a specific p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases inhibitor, significantly decreased the ALPase activity as well as the mineral deposition which was enhanced by CMET treatment (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The novel bio-active monomer had the lowest cytotoxicity among all groups and it induced the proliferation, mineralization and differentiation of odontoblast-like cells under appropriate concentrations. This adhesive monomer possesses excellent biocompatibility and hence exhibits great potential in dentine regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Qiu
- Division of Clinical Cariology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - J Tang
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Saito
- Division of Clinical Cariology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
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What is the best long-term treatment modality for immature permanent teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis? Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021; 22:311-340. [PMID: 33420674 PMCID: PMC8213569 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00575-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate and assess the current knowledge about apexification and regenerative techniques as a meaningful treatment modality and to map the scientific evidence for the efficacy of both methods for the management of traumatised immature teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis. METHODS This systematic review searched five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Ovid (Medline), and Embase. Published articles written in English were considered for inclusion. The following keywords were used: Regenerative endodontic treatment OR regenerat* OR revital* OR endodontic regeneration OR regenerative endodontics OR pulp revascularization OR revasculari* OR 'traumatized immature teeth'. Only peer-reviewed studies with a study size of at least 20 cases followed up for 24 months were included. Eligibility assessment was performed independently in a blinded manner by three reviewers and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Subgroup analyses were performed on three clinical outcomes: survival, success, and continued root development. RESULTS Seven full texts out of 1359 citations were included and conventional content analysis was performed. Most of the identified citations were case reports and case series. CONCLUSIONS In the present systematic review, the qualitative analysis revealed that both regenerative and apexification techniques had equal rates of success and survival and proved to be effective in the treatment of immature necrotic permanent teeth. Endodontic regenerative techniques appear to be superior to apexification techniques in terms of stimulation of root maturation, i.e. root wall thickening and root lengthening. Knowledge gaps were identified regarding the treatment and follow-up protocols for both techniques.
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Saber AM, El Meligy OA, Alaki SM. Recent Advances in Indirect Pulp Treatment Materials for Primary Teeth: A Literature Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021; 14:795-801. [PMID: 35110874 PMCID: PMC8783220 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To provide an overview of the techniques of indirect pulp treatment (IPT) and the new materials used. Background Indirect Pulp Treatment (IPT) is a conservative treatment approach that can be used in primary molars. Pulpotomy has been adopted as the treatment of choice for deep caries in primary molars. IPT showed higher success rates in recent researches. Materials and methods Electronic search of English scientific papers was accomplished using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Papers published from 1995 to 2019 were included. Search terms used were recent advances, indirect pulp treatment, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), biodentine, TheraCal–LC, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), and calcium hydroxide. Review results Seventy two papers were obtained from the electronic search and references of selected studies. Thirty five papers explained recent advances in IPT materials for primary molars. MTA produces more dentinal bridging with superior quality than calcium hydroxide. Similarly, Biodentine can form reparative dentin in a very short period. TheraCal–LC has increased stability and durability with strong physical properties and low solubility. Furthermore, CHX is a chemical disinfectant which can aid in increasing the success rate of IPT when conjugated with other materials. It produced highly successful IPT when combined with RMGI or calcium hydroxide. Conclusion IPT is the preferred treatment approach for preservation of primary dentition. CHX is an emerging material that can provide promising results in IPT when combined with other materials. Clinical significance Up to date, no material had replaced the popular use of calcium hydroxide in IPT. The use of CHX with RMGI can increase the success rate while preserving the advantages of the latter as it is considered the liner of choice for primary teeth, making IPT a suitable substitute for pulpotomy in primary molars. How to cite this article Saber AM, El Meligy OA, Alaki SM. Recent Advances in Indirect Pulp Treatment Materials for Primary Teeth: A Literature Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(6):795–801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan M Saber
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A El Meligy
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Omar A El Meligy, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt, Phone: +966 557521584, e-mail:
| | - Sumer M Alaki
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Noh SH, Jo HS, Choi S, Song HG, Kim HJ, Kim KN, Kim SE, Park K. Lactoferrin-Anchored Tannylated Mesoporous Silica Nanomaterials for Enhanced Osteo-Differentiation Ability. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:pharmaceutics13010030. [PMID: 33375294 PMCID: PMC7823981 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we created lactoferrin-anchored mesoporous silica nanomaterials with absorbed tannic acid (LF/TA-MSNs) and evaluated the effect of these LF/TA-MSNs on the in vitro osteo-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) by testing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level, calcium accumulation, and expression of osteo-differentiation-specific genes, including osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN). Both bare MSNs and LF/TA-MSNs exhibited round nano-particle structures. The LF/TA-MSNs demonstrated prolonged LF release for up to 28 days. Treatment of ADSCs with LF (50 μg)/TA-MSNs resulted in markedly higher ALP level and calcium accumulation compared to treatment with LF (10 μg)/TA-MSNs or bare MSNs. Furthermore, LF (50 μg)/TA-MSNs remarkably increased mRNA levels of osteo-differentiation-specific genes, including OCN and OPN, compared to MSNs or LF (10 μg)/TA-MSNs. Together, these data suggest that the ability of LF/TA-MSNs to enhance osteo-differentiation of ADSCs make them a possible nanovehicle for bone healing and bone regeneration in patients with bone defect or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Noh
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, #100, Ilsan-ro, Ilsan-donggu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang-si 10444, Korea;
| | - Han-Saem Jo
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong-si 17546, Korea; (H.-S.J.); (H.G.S.)
| | - Somang Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, #148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea; (S.C.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hee Gyeong Song
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong-si 17546, Korea; (H.-S.J.); (H.G.S.)
| | - Hak-Jun Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, #148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea; (S.C.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Keung Nyun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, #50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.N.K.); (S.E.K.); (K.P.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-2161 (K.N.K.); +82-2-2626-1999 (S.E.K.); +82-31-670-3357 (K.P.)
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, #148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea; (S.C.); (H.-J.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.N.K.); (S.E.K.); (K.P.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-2161 (K.N.K.); +82-2-2626-1999 (S.E.K.); +82-31-670-3357 (K.P.)
| | - Kyeongsoon Park
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Anseong-si 17546, Korea; (H.-S.J.); (H.G.S.)
- Correspondence: (K.N.K.); (S.E.K.); (K.P.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-2161 (K.N.K.); +82-2-2626-1999 (S.E.K.); +82-31-670-3357 (K.P.)
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Atmeh AR. Investigating the effect of bicarbonate ion on the structure and strength of calcium silicate-based dental restorative material—Biodentine. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4597-4606. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sun Q, Meng M, Steed JN, Sidow SJ, Bergeron BE, Niu LN, Ma JZ, Tay FR. Manoeuvrability and biocompatibility of endodontic tricalcium silicate-based putties. J Dent 2020; 104:103530. [PMID: 33220332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study evaluated the indentation depth, storage modulus and biocompatibility of an experimental endodontic putty designed for endodontic perforation repair and direct pulp-capping (NeoPutty). The results were compared with the properties associated with the commercially available EndoSequence BC RRM Putty (ES Putty). METHODS Indentation depth was measured by a profilometer following indentation with the 1/4 lb Gilmore needle. Elastic modulus was evaluated using a strain-controlled rheometer. The effects of eluents derived from these two putties were examined on the viability and proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs), before (1 st testing cycle) and after complete setting (2nd testing cycle). RESULTS The ES Putty became more difficult to ident and acquired a larger storage modulus after exposure to atmospheric moisture. Biocompatibility results indicated that both putties were relatively more cytotoxic than the bioinert Teflon negative control, but much less cytotoxic than the zinc oxide-eugenol cement negative control. NeoPutty was less cytotoxic than ES putty in the 1st testing cycle, particularly with hDPSCs. Both putties exhibited more favourable cytotoxicity profiles after complete setting. CONCLUSIONS NeoPutty has a better window of maneuverability after exposure to atmospheric moisture. From an in vitro cytotoxicity perspective, the NeoPutty may be considered more biocompatible than ES putty. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The experimental NeoPutty is biocompatible and is capable of reducing the frustration of shortened shelf life when jar-stored endodontic putties are exposed to atmospheric moisture during repeated opening of the lid for clinical retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jeffrey N Steed
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Stephanie J Sidow
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Brian E Bergeron
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jing-Zhi Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Machado MAAM, Stafuzza TC, Vitor LLR, da Costa SA, da Costa SM, Neto NL, Oliveira TM. Pulp repair response after the use of a dentin-pulp biostimulation membrane (BBio) in primary teeth: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials 2020; 21:874. [PMID: 33092617 PMCID: PMC7580018 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04785-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vital pulp therapy aims at maintaining the pulp tissue injured but vital. Thus, the use of capping materials that induce tissue regeneration is a great current trend. This study aims to evaluate clinically and radiographically the pulp repair after the use of dentin-pulp biostimulation membrane in primary teeth. Methods Four hundred and sixty-eight teeth from children aged between 5 and 9 years old, both genders, with deep caries lesion with pulp involvement, but no furcal impairment and any sign of necrosis will be selected. The vital pulp therapy will be performed with mineral trioxide aggregate (control group) and dentin-pulp biostimulation chitosan membrane (BBio group). The clinical and radiographic outcomes will be assessed at 12 and 24 months after treatment. The thickness of the dentin barrier will be verified through Image J2 software. The Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann-Whitney test will respectively compare the intra- and intergroup clinical and radiographic outcomes. Paired t test and independent t test will respectively compare the intra- and intergroup radiographic measurements. The logistic regression will be applied, and the degrees of this association will be measured using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Discussion Therefore, this study protocol aims at new perspectives of vital pulp therapy of primary teeth by employing new easy-handling, low-cost material to keep viable the pulp tissue capable of regenerating and maintain the physiological process of deciduous tooth exfoliation. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-6vr58b. Registered on 17 February 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tássia Carina Stafuzza
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Lourenço Ribeiro Vitor
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silgia Aparecida da Costa
- Course on Textiles and Fashion, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sirlene Maria da Costa
- Course on Textiles and Fashion, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalino Lourenço Neto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Marchini Oliveira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Hospital for the Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Yan L, Li H, Xia W. Bioglass could increase cell membrane fluidity with ion products to develop its bioactivity. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12906. [PMID: 33043500 PMCID: PMC7653244 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Silicate bioactive glass (BG) has been widely demonstrated to stimulate both of the hard and soft tissue regeneration, in which ion products released from BG play important roles. However, the mechanism by which ion products act on cells on cells is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human bone marrow stromal cells were used in this study. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and generalized polarization was used to characterize changes in cell membrane fluidity. Migration, differentiation and apoptosis experiments were carried out. RNA and protein chip were detected. The signal cascade is simulated to evaluate the effect of increased cell membrane fluidity on signal transduction. RESULTS We have demonstrated that ion products released from BG could effectively enhance cell membrane fluidity in a direct and physical way, and Si ions may play a major role. Bioactivities of BG ion products on cells, such as migration and differentiation, were regulated by membrane fluidity. Furthermore, we have proved that BG ion products could promote apoptosis of injured cells based on our conclusion that BG ion products increased membrane fluidity. CONCLUSIONS This study proved that BG ion products could develop its bioactivity on cells by directly enhancing cell membrane fluidity and subsequently affected cell behaviours, which may provide an explanation for the general bioactivities of silicate material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxin Yan
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiliang Xia
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Iodoform-Blended Portland Cement for Dentistry. PROSTHESIS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis2040025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Portland cement-based formulations blended with radiopacifying agents are popular endodontic materials for various root filling and pulp capping applications. Iodoform (CHI3) is an alternative candidate radiopacifier whose impact on the setting, bioactivity, antimicrobial properties and cytotoxicity of white Portland cement were evaluated in this study. Isothermal conduction calorimetry and 29Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS NMR) showed that 20 wt% iodoform had no significant impact on the kinetics of cement hydration with respect to the formation of the major calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel product (throughout the 28-day observation). Conversely, transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that iodine was incorporated into the ettringite (Ca₆Al₂(SO₄)₃(OH)₁₂·26H₂O) product phase. Both iodoform-blended and pure Portland cements exhibited comparable biocompatibility with MG63 human osteosarcoma cells and similar bioactivity with respect to the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer upon immersion in simulated body fluid. By virtue of their high alkalinity, both cements inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. However, in all cases, iodoform enhanced the antimicrobial effect and significantly reduced the minimum bactericidal concentration of the cement. In conclusion, iodoform offers antimicrobial advantages in Portland cement-based formulations where oral biofilm formation threatens the success of root filling materials and dentine substitutes. The reactivity with the calcium aluminosulfate components of the hydrating cement matrix warrants further research to understand the long-term stability of the cement matrix in the presence of iodoform.
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Yaghmoor RB, Platt JA, Spolnik KJ, Chu TMG, Yassen GH. Effect of Hydrogel-Based Antibiotic Intracanal Medicaments on Push-Out Bond Strength. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:575-583. [PMID: 32726856 PMCID: PMC7535964 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of typical clinical concentration (1,000 mg/mL), low concentration (1 mg/mL) triple antibiotic pastes (TAP), and double antibiotic pastes (DAP) on the bond strength between various root cements and radicular dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intact single-rooted human teeth (n = 144) were horizontally decoronated and canals instrumented. The roots were treated for 4 weeks with Ca(OH)2, 1,000 mg/mL of TAP or DAP, and 1 mg/mL of TAP or DAP. Untreated roots served as a control. After treatment, the medicaments were irrigated and each group was divided into three subgroups receiving MTA, Biodentine, or Endosequence putty cement. After 2 weeks, coronal and middle root cylinders were obtained from each root. Push-out bond strength test and failure analysis were performed for all root cylinders. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Three-way ANOVA, pairwise comparisons and logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. A significance level of 5% was used. RESULTS For MTA applied in the coronal part of the roots, 1 mg/mL DAP and TAP and Ca(OH)2 demonstrated significantly higher bond strength compared with the typical clinical concentration and the control groups. For Biodentine applied coronally in the roots, 1 mg/mL of DAP resulted in significantly higher bond strength than all other groups. For Endosequence putty cement applied coronally in the roots, 1 mg/mL of DAP offered significantly higher bond strength than all groups except for Ca(OH)2. CONCLUSION The use of 1 mg/mL DAP resulted in significantly higher push-out bond strength compared with the typical clinical concentration of TAP and DAP regardless of the type of the root cement used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan B Yaghmoor
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Umm Al-Qura university, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Platt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Kenneth J Spolnik
- Department of Endodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Tien Min Gabriel Chu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Ghaeth H Yassen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.,Department of Endodontics, Case School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
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76
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Kaushik N, Nhat Nguyen L, Kim JH, Choi EH, Kumar Kaushik N. Strategies for Using Polydopamine to Induce Biomineralization of Hydroxyapatite on Implant Materials for Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6544. [PMID: 32906793 PMCID: PMC7555775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of tissue engineering, there are several issues to consider when designing biomaterials for implants, including cellular interaction, good biocompatibility, and biochemical activity. Biomimetic mineralization has gained considerable attention as an emerging approach for the synthesis of biocompatible materials with complex shapes, categorized organization, controlled shape, and size in aqueous environments. Understanding biomineralization strategies could enhance opportunities for novel biomimetic mineralization approaches. In this regard, mussel-inspired biomaterials have recently attracted many researchers due to appealing features, such as strong adhesive properties on moist surfaces, improved cell adhesion, and immobilization of bioactive molecules via catechol chemistry. This molecular designed approach has been a key point in combining new functionalities into accessible biomaterials for biomedical applications. Polydopamine (PDA) has emerged as a promising material for biomaterial functionalization, considering its simple molecular structure, independence of target materials, cell interactions for adhesion, and robust reactivity for resulting functionalization. In this review, we highlight the strategies for using PDA to induce the biomineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA) on the surface of various implant materials with good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. We also discuss the interactions between the PDA-HA coating, and several cell types that are intricate in many biomedical applications, involving bone defect repair, bone regeneration, cell attachment, and antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Korea; (N.K.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Linh Nhat Nguyen
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea;
- Laboratory of Plasma Technology, Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - June Hyun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Korea; (N.K.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea;
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea;
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77
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Omidi S, Bagheri M, Fazli M, Ahmadiankia N. The effect of different pulp-capping materials on proliferation, migration and cytokine secretion of human dental pulp stem cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:768-775. [PMID: 32695293 PMCID: PMC7351436 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.41511.9814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biocompatibility of dental biomaterials plays a critical role in regeneration of dental stem cells. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of novel biomaterials of TheraCal-LC (TheraCal; Bisco), Angelus mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA; Angelus), calcium-enriched mixture (CEM; BioniqueDent), and Biodentine (Septodont) on viability of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Moreover, the recruitment of dental pulp stem cells is a prerequisite for regeneration of damaged dentin. Therefore, in this study the effects of mentioned biomaterials on migration of hDPSCs and the secretion of some chemoattractive molecules by these cells were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cell viability of hDPSCs was assessed using MTT assay. Transwell migration assay was used to determine cell migration ability. The cytokine secretion was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The biomaterials of MTA, CEM, and Biodentine at different dilutions had no cytotoxic effects on hDPSCs at different time points; however, non-diluted extract of TheraCal showed toxic effects after 24, 48, and 72 hr. Meanwhile, the highest cell migration was observed in the presence of CEM and Biodentine (P<0.05). The secretion of MCP-1 and TGF-β1 were higher in hDPSCs treated with Biodentine compared to some other groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). Moreover, TheraCal decreased protein secretion of TNF-α (P<0.05), and IL-8 (P<0.01) in hDPSCs. CONCLUSION The biological compatibility associated with CEM and Biodentine indicates promising applications in the field of vital pulp therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Omidi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bagheri
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Fazli
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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78
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The Response of the Pulp-Dentine Complex, PDL, and Bone to Three Calcium Silicate-Based Cements: A Histological Study in an Animal Rat Model. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2020; 2020:9582165. [PMID: 32351551 PMCID: PMC7174911 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9582165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to histologically examine the tissue reaction of three different calcium silicate cements in the closure of perforations in rat incisor teeth. Material and Methods. An experimental lateral root perforation with pulp exposure was performed in 32 lower incisors of 16 male Wistar albino rats. They were randomly assigned into three test groups (each including eight teeth) that were filled either by Biodentine (BD) or MicroMega mineral trioxide aggregate (MM-MTA) or EndoSequence root repair material putty (ESRRM putty), besides eight unperforated incisors from the other four rats (control group). The inflammatory response and healing process were evaluated histologically and scored after one and four weeks. Differences among groups were tested by Kruskal-Wallis tests at P ≤ 0.05. Results In the first week, BD produced more inflammatory response in the pulpal (score 3) than other materials (score 2). Only ESRRM putty showed odontoblast-like cells in 50%, 25% dentine-like deposit, 25% evidence of bone deposition in the drilling site (score 2), and minimum periodontal ligament (PDL) necrosis and disorganization (25%, score 2). After one month, all groups had healthy pulpal tissue, but 25% of ESRRM putty retained score 1 inflammatory response, and 50% of the BD case had an incomplete palisading odontoblast layer (score 3). A thick and regular dentine bridge deposition was seen in the ESRRM putty group in comparison with MM-MTA and BD cases. The cortical plate healing in all ESRRM putty samples was complete (score 3), while an incomplete closure was seen in MM-MTA and BD groups (score 2). Both the MM-MTA and ESRRM putty groups had fully organized PDL (score 2), while in 50% of BD cases, a necrotizing area and disorganized PDL with inflammatory cells infiltration were still present. Statistically significant differences in the scores of any histologic parameters among the three tested materials were observed neither in the 1st nor in the 4th weeks of the experimental period. Conclusion Better tissue compatibility and repair of pulpal and periodontal tissue have been detected after lateral perforation in the root of rat incisors when treated with ESRRM putty than MM-MTA and BD. However, the difference was not significant.
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79
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Mahmoud O, Al-Meeri WA, Farook MS, Al-Afifi NA. Calcium Silicate-Based Cements as Root Canal Medicament. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2020; 12:49-60. [PMID: 32158275 PMCID: PMC7047992 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s241015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to retard the setting reaction of CSC by mixing it with 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX) which will be used as an intracanal medicament, and to evaluate the removal of the experimental medicaments from the root canal. Materials and Methods White Portland cement, white ProRoot MTA and Biodentine were mixed with 2% CHX. The setting time, flowability and film thickness of the CSC/CHX mixture (experimental medicaments) were assessed and measured following the standards of ISO specification. Calcium ion release was measured using ICP-OES, while pH was tested using a pH meter. Moreover, twenty single-rooted teeth were filled with the experimental medicaments for seven days, then the medicaments were removed and the samples analyzed using SEM. Calcium hydroxide paste was used as a control. Results The setting time of the experimental medicaments was inhibited until 84 days. The calcium ion release of the experimental medicaments was significantly higher compared to the control over the period of 14 days (P<0.001). The mean pH value was above 11.45 for all tested materials over a period of 14 days, with no significant difference between them (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in film thickness of the experimental medicaments compared to the control (P> 0.05). However, the flowability of the experimental medicaments was significantly higher than the control (P<0.05). SEM showed no significant differences in the removal of the intracanal medicaments between all the tested groups. Conclusion The addition of 2% CHX to CSCs retarded or inhibited its setting reaction over a period of 84 days. The calcium ion release and flowability of these experimental medicaments was found to be better than calcium hydroxide. Removal of the intracanal medicaments from the root canal was successfully achieved in all groups. Therefore, these experimental medicaments have the potential to be used as an enhanced root canal medicament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okba Mahmoud
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Walid Ali Al-Meeri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mohideen Salihu Farook
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nashwan Abdullah Al-Afifi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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80
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An S. Nitric Oxide in Dental Pulp Tissue: From Molecular Understanding to Clinical Application in Regenerative Endodontic Procedures. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:327-347. [PMID: 32131706 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), which is synthesized by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), is a versatile endogenous molecule with multiple biological effects on many tissues and organs. In dental pulp tissue, NO has been found to play multifaceted roles in regulating physiological activities, inflammation processes, and tissue repair events, such as cell proliferation, neuronal degeneration, angiogenesis, and odontoblastic differentiation. However, there is a deficiency of detailed discussion on the NO-mediated interactions between inflammation and reparative/regenerative responses in wounded dental pulp tissue, which is a central determinant of ultimate clinical outcomes. Thus, the purpose of this review is to outline the current molecular understanding on the roles of Janus-faced molecule NO in dental pulp physiology, inflammation, and reparative activities. Based on this knowledge, advanced physicochemical techniques designed to manipulate the therapeutic potential of NOS and NO production in endodontic regeneration procedures are further discussed. Impact statement The interaction between inflammation and reparative/regenerative responses is very important for regenerative endodontic procedures, which are biologically based approaches intended to replace damaged tissues. Inside dental pulp tissue, endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is generated mainly by immunocompetent cells and dental pulp cells and mediates not only inflammatory/immune activities but also signaling cascades that regulate tissue repair and reconstruction, indicating its involvement in both tissue destruction and regeneration. Thus, it is feasible that NO acts as one of the indicators and modulators in dental pulp repair or regeneration under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng An
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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81
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Gandolfi MG, Gardin C, Zamparini F, Ferroni L, Esposti MD, Parchi G, Ercan B, Manzoli L, Fava F, Fabbri P, Prati C, Zavan B. Mineral-Doped Poly(L-lactide) Acid Scaffolds Enriched with Exosomes Improve Osteogenic Commitment of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E432. [PMID: 32121340 PMCID: PMC7153699 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells are extracellular vesicles released to facilitate cell communication and function. Recently, polylactic acid (PLA), calcium silicates (CaSi), and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) have been used to produce bioresorbable functional mineral-doped porous scaffolds-through thermally induced phase separation technique, as materials for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mineral-doped PLA-based porous scaffolds enriched with exosome vesicles (EVs) on osteogenic commitment of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs). Two different mineral-doped scaffolds were produced: PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD and PLA-5CaSi-5DCPD. Scaffolds surface micromorphology was investigated by ESEM-EDX before and after 28 days immersion in simulated body fluid (HBSS). Exosomes were deposited on the surface of the scaffolds and the effect of exosome-enriched scaffolds on osteogenic commitment of hAD-MSCs cultured in proximity of the scaffolds has been evaluated by real time PCR. In addition, the biocompatibility was evaluated by direct-contact seeding hAD-MSCs on scaffolds surface-using MTT viability test. In both formulations, ESEM showed pores similar in shape (circular and elliptic) and size (from 10-30 µm diameter). The porosity of the scaffolds decreased after 28 days immersion in simulated body fluid. Mineral-doped scaffolds showed a dynamic surface and created a suitable bone-forming microenvironment. The presence of the mineral fillers increased the osteogenic commitment of hAD-MSCs. Exosomes were easily entrapped on the surface of the scaffolds and their presence improved gene expression of major markers of osteogenesis such as collagen type I, osteopontin, osteonectin, osteocalcin. The experimental scaffolds enriched with exosomes, in particular PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD, increased the osteogenic commitment of MSCs. In conclusion, the enrichment of bioresorbable functional scaffolds with exosomes is confirmed as a potential strategy to improve bone regeneration procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Gardin
- Medical Sciences Department, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fausto Zamparini
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Medical Sciences Department, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Micaela Degli Esposti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Greta Parchi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Batur Ercan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Lucia Manzoli
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Fava
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Fabbri
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Prati
- Endodontic Clinical Section, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Medical Sciences Department, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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82
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Alsubait S, Alsaad N, Alahmari S, Alfaraj F, Alfawaz H, Alqedairi A. The effect of intracanal medicaments used in Endodontics on the dislocation resistance of two calcium silicate-based filling materials. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:57. [PMID: 32070302 PMCID: PMC7029461 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1044-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intracanal medicaments can be used in various endodontic conditions including multiple visit endodontics after trauma or in regenerative endodontics. These medicaments should be removed from the root canal before the placement of the filling or repair material. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of prior calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP) placement on the push-out bond strength of TotalFill BC fast set putty (BC fast set putty) to root dentin when compared to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Methods The root canals of 45 extracted mandibular premolars were prepared to a standardized internal diameter (1.5 mm). The specimens were randomly assigned to 3 groups according to the intracanal medicament used: mTAP (a mixture of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and cefaclor), Ca(OH)2, and no intracanal medicament. After 1 week, the medicaments were removed, and the middle third of the roots were cut into two transverse sections (2.0 ± 0.05) (n = 90 slices). Thereafter, the specimens were divided into two subgroups (n = 45 each): MTA or BC putty. After 1 week, the push-out test was performed and failure mode was evaluated. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc. Results The application of the intracanal medicament did not significantly affect the bond strength of BC putty (p > .05). For MTA, the prior application of Ca(OH)2 or mTAP significantly decreased the dislocation resistance (p < .05). Specimens in the MTA subgroups showed an almost equal number of cohesive and mixed types of failure while the majority of the specimens in the BC putty subgroups revealed the cohesive type. Conclusions Ca(OH)2 and mTAP promoted lower bond strength of MTA to root dentin compared to the control group. However, the BC fast set putty bond strength to dentin was not affected by prior medication with Ca(OH)2 or mTAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alsubait
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Sumayyah Alahmari
- Endodontic Residency Program, Saudi Commission for Health Specialist, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hussam Alfawaz
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alqedairi
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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83
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Karabulut B, Dönmez N, Göret CC, Ataş C, Kuzu Ö. Reactions of Subcutaneous Connective Tissue to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Biodentine®, and a Newly Developed BioACTIVE Base/Liner. SCANNING 2020; 2020:6570159. [PMID: 32518612 PMCID: PMC7254077 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6570159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM There is an increasing interest in the application of BioACTIVE materials to achieve hard tissue formation and maintain pulp vitality. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine® are BioACTIVE materials used for pulp capping. Recently, dental researchers have produced BioACTIVE glass-incorporated light-curable pulp capping material. The study is aimed at evaluating the subcutaneous connective tissue reactions to MTA, Biodentine®, ACTIVA BioACTIVE Base/Liner. These materials were placed in polyethylene tubes and implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of Sprague Dawley rats. The presence of inflammation, predominant cell type, calcification, and thickness of fibrous connective tissue was recorded by histological examination 7, 30, and 60 days after the implantation procedure. Scores were defined as follows: 0 = none or few inflammatory cells, no reaction; 1 = <25 cells, mild reaction; 2 = 25 to 125 cells, moderate reaction; and 3 = ≥125 cells, severe reaction. Fibrous capsule thickness, necrosis, and formation of calcification were recorded. ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett's tests were used for statistically analyses (p < 0.05). RESULTS In terms of oedema, inflammation, fibrous capsule, and necrosis, no significant differences were found in any time period for any material. MTA and Biodentine® showed higher calcification than in the ACTIVA BioACTIVE on day 30, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). After 60 days, while calcification was not seen in the control group, it was observed in the test groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the control and the others. CONCLUSION All materials were well tolerated by the tissues in the 60-day evaluation period. One notable finding is the presence of dystrophic calcification in the connective tissue adjacent to the newly developed BioACTIVE Base/Liner material. Therefore, this new BioACTIVE Base/Liner material may be safely recommended to clinicians as a pulp capping material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barış Karabulut
- Health Sciences University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazmiye Dönmez
- Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Canbey Göret
- Health Sciences University Department of Surgical Pathology, Bagcilar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cafer Ataş
- Health Sciences University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Kuzu
- Health Sciences University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
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84
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Li Q, Coleman NJ. Impact of Bi 2O 3 and ZrO 2 Radiopacifiers on the Early Hydration and C-S-H Gel Structure of White Portland Cement. J Funct Biomater 2019; 10:jfb10040046. [PMID: 31635346 PMCID: PMC6963627 DOI: 10.3390/jfb10040046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bismuth oxide (monoclinic α-Bi2O3) and zirconium oxide (monoclinic ZrO2) are the most popular radiopacifiers in commercial Portland cement-based endodontic restoratives, yet their effects on the setting and hydration reactions are not fully understood. This study compares the impact of 20 wt.% of Bi2O3 or ZrO2 on the early hydration reactions and C–S–H gel structure of white Portland cement (WPC). Cement paste samples were hydrated at 37.5 °C prior to analysis by 29Si and 27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 h and 24 h, and transmission electron microscopy at 3 h. Initial and final setting times were determined using a Vicat apparatus and reaction kinetics were monitored by isothermal conduction calorimetry. Bi2O3 was found to prolong initial and final setting times and retard the degree of hydration by 32% at 24 h. Heat evolution during the acceleration and deceleration phases of the hydration process was reduced and the exotherm arising from renewed ettringite formation was delayed and diminished in the presence of Bi2O3. Conversely, ZrO2 had no significant impact on either setting time; although, it accelerated hydration by 23% within 24 h. Increases in the mean silicate chain length and the extent of aluminum substitution in the C–S–H gel were observed in the presence of both radiopacifying agents after 24 h relative to those of the unblended WPC. The Bi2O3 and ZrO2 particles remained intact within the cement matrix and neither bismuth nor zirconium was chemically incorporated in the hydration products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Nichola J Coleman
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
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85
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Chen Y, Gao Y, Tao Y, Lin D, An S. Identification of a Calcium-sensing Receptor in Human Dental Pulp Cells That Regulates Mineral Trioxide Aggregate–induced Mineralization. J Endod 2019; 45:907-916. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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86
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Tran XV, Salehi H, Truong MT, Sandra M, Sadoine J, Jacquot B, Cuisinier F, Chaussain C, Boukpessi T. Reparative Mineralized Tissue Characterization after Direct Pulp Capping with Calcium-Silicate-Based Cements. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12132102. [PMID: 31261905 PMCID: PMC6650868 DOI: 10.3390/ma12132102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the preservation of dental pulp vitality is an integral part of our daily therapies. The success of these treatments depends on the clinical situation as well as the biomaterials used. Mineral Trioxide aggregate and BiodentineTM are commonly used as pulp capping materials. One objective of vital pulp therapy is the repair/regeneration of the pulp. In addition to the initial inflammatory status of the pulp, the nature and quality of the new mineralized tissue obtained after pulp capping directly influence the success of the treatment. In order to characterize the reparative dentin, in the current study, the chemical composition and microstructure of the dentin bridge after direct pulp capping using Biodentine™ and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was studied by using Raman microspectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results showed that the reparative dentin bridge observed in both groups presented dentin tubules and chemical composition similar to primary dentin. With the limitations of this study, the calcium-silicate-based cements used as pulp capping materials provide an optimal environment for pulp healing, resulting in a reparative dentin resembling on certain points of the primary dentin and the regeneration of the pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Vinh Tran
- EA 2496, Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France.
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City (UMP), 217 Hong Bang street, Ward 11, Dist 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Hamideh Salehi
- EA4203, Laboratory BioHealth and Nanosciences, Dental school, Montpellier University, avenue du Pr Jean-Louis Viala, CEDEX 5, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Minh Tam Truong
- Thanh Vu Medic Bac Lieu Hospital; Highway 1 bypass, Ward 7, Bac Lieu City, Bac Lieu province, Viet Nam
| | - Minic Sandra
- EA 2496, Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
| | - Jeremy Sadoine
- EA 2496, Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
| | - Bruno Jacquot
- EA4203, Laboratory BioHealth and Nanosciences, Dental school, Montpellier University, avenue du Pr Jean-Louis Viala, CEDEX 5, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Cuisinier
- EA4203, Laboratory BioHealth and Nanosciences, Dental school, Montpellier University, avenue du Pr Jean-Louis Viala, CEDEX 5, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- EA 2496, Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
- AP-HP Department of odontology, Charles Foix and Bretonneau Hospitals, 12 avenue de la République, 94200, Ivry-sur-Seine, France and 12 rue Carpeaux, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Tchilalo Boukpessi
- EA 2496, Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France.
- AP-HP Department of odontology, Charles Foix and Bretonneau Hospitals, 12 avenue de la République, 94200, Ivry-sur-Seine, France and 12 rue Carpeaux, 75018 Paris, France.
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87
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Li Q, Hurt AP, Coleman NJ. The Application of 29Si NMR Spectroscopy to the Analysis of Calcium Silicate-Based Cement using Biodentine™ as an Example. J Funct Biomater 2019; 10:E25. [PMID: 31151191 PMCID: PMC6617092 DOI: 10.3390/jfb10020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodentine is one of the most successful and widely studied among the second generation of calcium silicate-based endodontic cements. Despite its popularity, the setting reactions of this cement system are not currently well understood. In particular, very little is known about the formation and structure of the major calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel phase, as it is difficult to obtain information on this poorly crystalline material by the traditional techniques of powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In this study, the hydration reactions of Biodentine are monitored by XRD, FTIR, isothermal conduction calorimetry and, for the first time, 29Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (29Si MAS NMR) is used to investigate the structures of the anhydrous calcium silicate phases and the early C-S-H gel product. XRD analysis indicated that the anhydrous powder comprises 73.8 wt% triclinic tricalcium silicate, 4.45 wt% monoclinic β-dicalcium silicate, 16.6 wt% calcite and 5.15 wt% zirconium oxide. Calorimetry confirmed that the induction period for hydration is short, and that the setting reactions are rapid with a maximum heat evolution of 28.4 mW g-1 at 42 min. A progressive shift in the FTIR peak maximum from 905 to 995 cm-1 for the O-Si-O stretching vibrations accompanies the formation of the C-S-H gel during 1 week. The extent of hydration was determined by 29Si MAS NMR to be 87.0%, 88.8% and 93.7% at 6 h, 1 day and 1 week, respectively, which is significantly higher than that of MTA. The mean silicate chain length (MCL) of the C-S-H gel was also estimated by this technique to be 3.7 at 6 h and 1 day, and to have increased to 4.1 after 1 week. The rapid hydration kinetics of Biodentine, arising from the predominance of the tricalcium silicate phase, small particle size, and 'filler effect' of calcite and zirconium oxide, is a favorable characteristic of an endodontic cement, and the high values of MCL are thought to promote the durability of the cement matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Li
- State Key Lab of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Andrew P Hurt
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Nichola J Coleman
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
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88
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Sopcak T, Medvecky L, Giretova M, Stulajterova R, Molcanova Z, Podobova M, Girman V. Physical, mechanical and in vitro evaluation of a novel cement based on akermantite and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate phase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 14:045011. [PMID: 31134897 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium containing calcium silicates have recently shown that they are promising materials for various biomedical application with potential use in the form of bulk ceramic, composite scaffold or coatings on metallic substrates. A novel akermanite (AK; Ca2MgSi2O7)/dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD, CaHPO4. H2O) cement mixture was tested in this work in order to produce an alternative AK/DCPD biocement for orthopedic applications. For comparison, we have prepared two cements mixed with 2.5 wt% NaH2PO4 solution (labeled as NaH2PO4 cement) and with the solution composed of organic 2.5 wt% citric acid a 2.5 wt% trisodium citrate (citrate cement) respectively. The results demonstrated only a partial dissolution of AK, regardless of the type of liquid used. On the other hand, the DCPD was completely hydrolyzed much faster in the citrate cement. The final hydration product was an amorhous quarternary phase of CaO-MgO-SiO2-P2O5 composition with the remaining unreacted akermanite embeded in the cement matrix. The highest early compressive strength was observed in the citrate cement (33 MPa), but much lower value was measured in NaH2PO4 cement (7 MPa) after 1 d setting. Different cell responses have been observed when the cells were cultured on the surfaces of cement substrates. While the NaH2PO4 cement demonstrated high proliferation activity of osteoblast, the citrate cement showed strong cytotoxic cell response, probably as a result of higher concentration of citrates on the cement surface, which can negatively affect the attachment and proliferation of osteoblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sopcak
- Institute of Materials Research of SAS, Watsonova 47, 04001 Kosice, Slovakia
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89
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Paraš S, Janković O, Trišić D, Čolović B, Mitrović-Ajtić O, Dekić R, Soldatović I, Živković Sandić M, Živković S, Jokanović V. Influence of nanostructured calcium aluminate and calcium silicate on the liver: histological and unbiased stereological analysis. Int Endod J 2019; 52:1162-1172. [PMID: 30802977 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the potential systemic toxicity of nanostructured materials based on calcium silicate and calcium aluminate, for potential application in Dentistry. METHODOLOGY Twenty-four Albino Wistar rats aged 2 months were used as an in vivo animal model for subcutaneous implantation of the investigated materials, placed in polyethylene tubes. Thirty days after implantation, the livers of the rats were analysed and following histological and stereological parameters were evaluated for volume density of hepatocytes and blood sinusoids, number and numerical density of hepatocytes, surface of hepatocytes and their nucleuses, nucleocytoplasmic ratio and mitotic index of hepatocytes. Stereological measurements were achieved using Cavalieri's principle, with grid P2 and unbiased analysis. Additionally, immunohistochemistry studies were performed to further analyse changes in liver tissue. Several haematological and biochemical parameters of blood of experimental animals were also analysed, as well as local tissue reactions around the implants. Statistical analysis was performed using parametric (anova and t-test) and nonparametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test) depending on data distribution. RESULTS Implanted dental cements led to an increase in stereological and histological parameters in liver tissue compared to control rats. Although the investigated parameters mostly showed significant differences between control and experimental animals, the liver tissue of the experimental animals did not have visible signs of pathological changes. This was supported by the analysis of blood parameters which were not significantly different between control and experimental animals. Also, the subcutaneous tissues had minimal inflammatory reactions. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed that nanostructured materials induced proliferation of hepatocytes, but that the immunological response to the materials was not strong enough to induce proliferation of immunoreactive cells in liver in the observed time period. CONCLUSIONS This study was performed as a contribution to the attestation of the biocompatibility of dental cements based on calcium silicate and calcium aluminate. Although these materials induced several changes in the liver structure, they were not clinically relevant and represent a normal and reversible response of the liver to the presence of biocompatible materials in the body. Blood and immunohistochemistry analyses and local tissue reactions further confirmed that these materials possess good biocompatible potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paraš
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - O Janković
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - D Trišić
- Faculty of Stomatology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - B Čolović
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - O Mitrović-Ajtić
- Department for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - R Dekić
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - I Soldatović
- Institute for Biostatistics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - S Živković
- Faculty of Stomatology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - V Jokanović
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,ALBOS LLC, Belgrade, Serbia
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90
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Regenerative Endodontic Procedures Using Contemporary Endodontic Materials. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12060908. [PMID: 30893790 PMCID: PMC6471897 DOI: 10.3390/ma12060908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calcium hydroxide apexification and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) apexification are classical treatments for necrotic immature permanent teeth. The first tend to fail for lack of compliance given the high number of sessions needed; the second has technical difficulties such as material manipulation and overfilling. With both techniques, the root development is interrupted leaving the tooth with a fragile root structure, a poor crown-to-root ratio, periodontal breakdown, and high risk of fracture, compromising long-term prognosis of the tooth. New scientific literature has described a procedure that allows complete root development of these specific teeth. This regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) proposes the use of a combination of antimicrobials and irrigants, no canal walls instrumentation, induced apical bleeding to form a blood clot and a tight seal into the root canal to promote healing. MTA is the most used material to perform this seal, but updated guidelines advise the use of other bioactive endodontic cements that incorporate calcium and silicate in their compositions. They share most of their characteristics with MTA but claim to have fewer drawbacks with regards to manipulation and aesthetics. The purpose of the present article is to review pertinent literature and to describe the clinical procedures protocol with its variations, and their clinical application.
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91
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Alvandifar S, Madani Z, Bizhani A. Evaluation of tooth discoloration after treatment with mineral trioxide aggregate, calcium-enriched mixture, and Biodentine® in the presence and absence of blood. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.270787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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92
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Uzunoglu Ozyurek E, Aktemur Turker S. Evaluation of fracture resistance of roots-filled with various root canal sealers at different time periods. Eur Oral Res 2019; 53:6-11. [PMID: 31309186 PMCID: PMC6612757 DOI: 10.26650/eor.201989121662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The reinforcement effect of 3 various root canal sealers (AH 26, MTA Plus sealer and BioRoot RCS) and gutta-percha at different time periods (1 week and 1 month) were evaluated in the present study. Materials and methods: Single-rooted, single-canalled, cracks-free 80 mandibular premolars were decoronated to a length of 13mm. Group PC (positive control, n=10): samples were left unprepared and unfilled. Seventy samples were prepared by using the ProTaper Rotary System up to F4. Group NC (negative control, n=10): samples were left unfilled. Remaining 60 samples were assigned into 3 groups; Group 1: AH 26 + F4 gutta-percha (GP); Group 2: MTA Plus sealer + F4 GP and Group 3: BioRoot RCS + F4 GP. Filled samples were divided into subgroups according to storage time: Samples in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A were stored for 1 week; while Groups 1B, 2B and 3B were stored for 1 month at 100% humidity to allow the complete setting of the sealers (n=10, for each). A universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min was used for fracture testing. For each specimen, the force at the time of fracture was recorded and the data were analyzed statistically. Results: The highest fracture resistance values were obtained in Group PC, while the lowest values were obtained in Group NC. Groups PC and NC were statistically different from each other and from other groups, regardless of time (p<0.05). Fracture resistance values of Group AH 26/GP were statistically different from MTA Plus sealer/GP (p<0.05) and were statistically similar with BioRoot RCS/GP , irrespective of time. Within group comparisons revealed that there were no statistically differences between samples filled with same sealer at different time periods. Conclusion: Root canal preparation caused decreased fracture resistance. All sealers increased the force values needed to fracture the filled samples compared to unfilled ones. Time factor had no effect on the fracture resistance values.
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93
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Estrela C, Decurcio DDA, Rossi-Fedele G, Silva JA, Guedes OA, Borges ÁH. Root perforations: a review of diagnosis, prognosis and materials. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e73. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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94
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Giraud T, Jeanneau C, Rombouts C, Bakhtiar H, Laurent P, About I. Pulp capping materials modulate the balance between inflammation and regeneration. Dent Mater 2018; 35:24-35. [PMID: 30269862 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The interrelations between inflammation and regeneration are of particular significance within the dental pulp tissue inextensible environment. Recent data have demonstrated the pulp capacity to respond to insults by initiating an inflammatory reaction and dentin pulp regeneration. Different study models have been developed in vitro and in vivo to investigate the initial steps of pulp inflammation and regeneration. These include endothelial cell interaction with inflammatory cells, stem cell interaction with pulp fibroblasts, migration chambers to study cell recruitment and entire human tooth culture model. Using these models, the pulp has been shown to possess an inherent anti-inflammatory potential and a high regeneration capacity in all teeth and at all ages. The same models were used to investigate the effects of tricalcium silicate-based pulp capping materials, which were found to modulate the pulp anti-inflammatory potential and regeneration capacity. Among these, resin-containing materials such as TheraCal® shift the pulp response towards the inflammatory reaction while altering the regeneration process. On the opposite, resin-free materials such as Biodentine™ have an anti-inflammatory potential and induce the pulp regeneration capacity. This knowledge contradicts the new tendency of developing resin-based calcium silicate hybrid materials for direct pulp capping. Additionally, it would allow investigating the modulatory effects of newly released pulp capping materials on the balance between tissue inflammation and regeneration. It would also set the basis for developing future capping materials targeting these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Giraud
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpital Timone, Service d'Odontologie, Marseille, 13005, France.
| | | | | | - Hengameh Bakhtiar
- Dental Material Research Center, Tehran Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Patrick Laurent
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpital Timone, Service d'Odontologie, Marseille, 13005, France.
| | - Imad About
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France.
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95
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Push-Out Bond Strength and SEM Evaluation in Roots Filled with Two Different Techniques Using New and Conventional Sealers. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11091620. [PMID: 30189631 PMCID: PMC6163187 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of calcium-silicate-based sealer (Endosequence-BC-Sealer) in roots, filled with thermo-plasticized injectable technique aided by Calamus-Flow-Delivery-System, on bond strength to radicular dentin, in comparison with conventional epoxy-resin-based sealer (AH-Plus) along with cold-lateral-compaction technique. Root canals of mandibular-premolar teeth (n = 80) were instrumented using Protaper Universal rotary files and were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 20) as follows: (1) AH-Plus + cold-lateral-compaction technique; (2) Endosequence-BC-Sealer + cold-lateral-compaction technique; (3) AH-Plus + thermo-plasticized injectable technique; and (4) Endosequence-BC-Sealer + thermo-plasticized injectable technique. Horizontal disc shaped samples from each group (n = 60/group) were obtained and push-out bond strength testing was performed at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed statistically using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis analysis and Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.001). The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference amongst the groups (p < 0.001). The highest bond strength values were found in group 1 compared with all the other experimental groups (p < 0.001), whereas the lowest bond strength values were found in group 4 (p < 0.001). It was concluded that thermo-plasticized injectable technique with Calamus-Flow-Delivery-System lowered the bond strengths of the sealers, especially Endosequence-BC-Sealer. Therefore, this technique is not recommended to calcium-silicate-based sealers. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study.
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96
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Song M, Yu B, Kim S, Hayashi M, Smith C, Sohn S, Kim E, Lim J, Stevenson RG, Kim RH. Clinical and Molecular Perspectives of Reparative Dentin Formation: Lessons Learned from Pulp-Capping Materials and the Emerging Roles of Calcium. Dent Clin North Am 2018; 61:93-110. [PMID: 27912821 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The long-term use of calcium hydroxide and the recent increase in the use of hydraulic calcium-silicate cements as direct pulp-capping materials provide important clues in terms of how reparative dentin may be induced to form a "biological seal" to protect the underlying pulp tissues. In this review article, we discuss clinical and molecular perspectives of reparative dentin formation based on evidence learned from the use of these pulp-capping materials. We also discuss the emerging role of calcium as an odontoinductive component in these pulp-capping materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Song
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bo Yu
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sol Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marc Hayashi
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Colby Smith
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Suhjin Sohn
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Euiseong Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50 Yonsei-Ro, 03772, Seoul, Korea
| | - James Lim
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Richard G Stevenson
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Reuben H Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Section of Restorative Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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97
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Küçükkaya Eren S, Aksel H, Askerbeyli Örs S, Serper A, Koçak Y, Ocak M, Çelik HH. Obturation quality of calcium silicate-based cements placed with different techniques in teeth with perforating internal root resorption: a micro-computed tomographic study. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:805-811. [PMID: 29872920 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate and compare the obturation quality of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine placed with hand condensation or indirect ultrasonic activation technique in teeth models simulating perforating internal root resorption (IRR) using micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized models with perforating IRR cavities were created using 40 extracted single-rooted human teeth and randomly divided into four groups (n = 10). The specimens were obturated with either MTA or Biodentine and the placement technique applied was either hand condensation or indirect ultrasonic activation. Micro-CT scans were performed for the volumetric analysis of voids and filling materials in the resorption cavities and apical portion of the specimens. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and paired t test. RESULTS No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of the percentage volume of filling materials (p > 0.05). The apical portion of the specimens significantly presented less percentage volume of filling materials than the resorption cavities in each group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS No placement technique produced void-free fillings in teeth with perforating IRR. There was no significant difference between the obturation quality of Biodentine and MTA. The obturation quality in the apical portion of the root canals was inferior than that in the resorption cavities. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The obturation of the apical region of teeth with perforating IRR is challenging irrespective of the material type and placement technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Küçükkaya Eren
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hacer Aksel
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevinc Askerbeyli Örs
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Serper
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaprak Koçak
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert Ocak
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Hamdi Çelik
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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98
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BULDUR B, ÖZNURHAN F, KAYABAŞI M, ŞAHİN F. SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF TWO CALCIUM SILICATE-BASED CEMENTS TO COMPOMER. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.381422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Yuan Z, Zhu X, Li Y, Yan P, Jiang H. Influence of iRoot SP and mineral trioxide aggregate on the activation and polarization of macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:56. [PMID: 29609575 PMCID: PMC5879602 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomaterials could affect the inflammation reaction and wound healing via the activation and polarization of macrophages. However, the influence of iRoot SP and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on macrophage polarization under inflammatory conditions was not reported although these two root filling materials have been applied extensively in patients undergoing endodontic treatment. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the mechanism how iRoot SP and MTA affect the cell behavior of RAW 264.7 macrophages when stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. METHODS The gene expression of three main related pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in RAW 264.7 macrophages when stimulated by iRoot SP and MTA in the presence of LPS. The protein expression of the M1 and M2 phenotype specific markers, CD11c and CD206, was assessed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry in RAW 264.7 macrophages. RESULTS LPS promoted the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 macrophages as compared to the control group. Both iRoot SP and MTA were significantly able to enhance the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 macrophages as compared to LPS group. LPS could increase the expression of CD11c as compared to the control group while iRoot SP and MTA were able to enhance the expression of both CD11c and CD206 as compared to LPS group. CONCLUSIONS iRoot SP and MTA could potentially promote the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW 264.7 macrophages and induce into M1/M2 phenotype when cultured with LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglin Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
| | - Han Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
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TheraCal LC: From Biochemical and Bioactive Properties to Clinical Applications. Int J Dent 2018; 2018:3484653. [PMID: 29785184 PMCID: PMC5892295 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3484653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Direct pulp capping is a popular treatment modality among dentists. TheraCal LC is a calcium silicate-based material that is designed as a direct/indirect pulp capping material. The material might be very attractive for clinicians because of its ease of handling. Unlike other calcium silicate-based materials, TheraCal LC is resin-based and does not require any conditioning of the dentine surface. The material can be bonded with different types of adhesives directly after application. There has been considerable research performed on this material since its launching; however, there are no review articles that collates information and data obtained from these studies. This review discusses the various characteristics of the material with the aim of establishing a better understanding for its clinical use. Methods A search was conducted using search engines (PubMed and Cochrane databases) in addition to reference mining of the articles that was used to locate other papers. The process of searching for the relevant studies was performed using the keywords pulp protection, pulp capping, TheraCal, and calcium silicates. Only articles in English published in peer-reviewed journals were included in the review. Conclusion This review underlines the fact that further in vitro and in vivo studies are required before TheraCal LC can be used as a direct pulp capping material.
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