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Rimington WR, Duckett JG, Field KJ, Bidartondo MI, Pressel S. The distribution and evolution of fungal symbioses in ancient lineages of land plants. MYCORRHIZA 2020; 30:23-49. [PMID: 32130512 PMCID: PMC7062687 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00938-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An accurate understanding of the diversity and distribution of fungal symbioses in land plants is essential for mycorrhizal research. Here we update the seminal work of Wang and Qiu (Mycorrhiza 16:299-363, 2006) with a long-overdue focus on early-diverging land plant lineages, which were considerably under-represented in their survey, by examining the published literature to compile data on the status of fungal symbioses in liverworts, hornworts and lycophytes. Our survey combines data from 84 publications, including recent, post-2006, reports of Mucoromycotina associations in these lineages, to produce a list of at least 591 species with known fungal symbiosis status, 180 of which were included in Wang and Qiu (Mycorrhiza 16:299-363, 2006). Using this up-to-date compilation, we estimate that fewer than 30% of liverwort species engage in symbiosis with fungi belonging to all three mycorrhizal phyla, Mucoromycota, Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, with the last being the most widespread (17%). Fungal symbioses in hornworts (78%) and lycophytes (up to 100%) appear to be more common but involve only members of the two Mucoromycota subphyla Mucoromycotina and Glomeromycotina, with Glomeromycotina prevailing in both plant groups. Our fungal symbiosis occurrence estimates are considerably more conservative than those published previously, but they too may represent overestimates due to currently unavoidable assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Rimington
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Algae, Fungi and Plants Division, Natural History Museum, London, London, SW7 5BD, UK
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3DS, UK
| | - Jeffrey G Duckett
- Department of Life Sciences, Algae, Fungi and Plants Division, Natural History Museum, London, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Katie J Field
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Martin I Bidartondo
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3DS, UK
| | - Silvia Pressel
- Department of Life Sciences, Algae, Fungi and Plants Division, Natural History Museum, London, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
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Rimington WR, Pressel S, Duckett JG, Field KJ, Bidartondo MI. Evolution and networks in ancient and widespread symbioses between Mucoromycotina and liverworts. MYCORRHIZA 2019; 29:551-565. [PMID: 31720838 PMCID: PMC6890582 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-019-00918-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Like the majority of land plants, liverworts regularly form intimate symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycotina). Recent phylogenetic and physiological studies report that they also form intimate symbioses with Mucoromycotina fungi and that some of these, like those involving Glomeromycotina, represent nutritional mutualisms. To compare these symbioses, we carried out a global analysis of Mucoromycotina fungi in liverworts and other plants using species delimitation, ancestral reconstruction, and network analyses. We found that Mucoromycotina are more common and diverse symbionts of liverworts than previously thought, globally distributed, ancestral, and often co-occur with Glomeromycotina within plants. However, our results also suggest that the associations formed by Mucoromycotina fungi are fundamentally different because, unlike Glomeromycotina, they may have evolved multiple times and their symbiotic networks are un-nested (i.e., not forming nested subsets of species). We infer that the global Mucoromycotina symbiosis is evolutionarily and ecologically distinctive.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Rimington
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Department of Life Sciences, Algae, Fungi and Plants Division, Natural History Museum, London, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3DS, UK.
| | - Silvia Pressel
- Department of Life Sciences, Algae, Fungi and Plants Division, Natural History Museum, London, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Jeffrey G Duckett
- Department of Life Sciences, Algae, Fungi and Plants Division, Natural History Museum, London, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Katie J Field
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Martin I Bidartondo
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3DS, UK.
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Carella P, Gogleva A, Hoey DJ, Bridgen AJ, Stolze SC, Nakagami H, Schornack S. Conserved Biochemical Defenses Underpin Host Responses to Oomycete Infection in an Early-Divergent Land Plant Lineage. Curr Biol 2019; 29:2282-2294.e5. [PMID: 31303485 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The expansion of plants onto land necessitated the evolution of robust defense strategies to protect against a wide array of microbial invaders. Whereas host responses to microbial colonization are extensively explored in evolutionarily young land plant lineages such as angiosperms, we know relatively little about plant-pathogen interactions in early-diverging land plants thought to better represent the ancestral state. Here, we define the transcriptional and proteomic response of the early-divergent liverwort Marchantia polymorpha to infection with the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora palmivora. We uncover a robust molecular response to oomycete colonization in Marchantia that consists of conserved land plant gene families. Direct macroevolutionary comparisons of host infection responses in Marchantia and the model angiosperm Nicotiana benthamiana further reveal a shared set of orthologous microbe-responsive genes that include members of the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway. In addition, we identify a role for the Marchantia R2R3-MYB transcription factor MpMyb14 in activating phenylpropanoid (flavonoid) biosynthesis during oomycete infection. Mpmyb14 mutants infected with P. palmivora fail to activate phenylpropanoid biosynthesis gene expression and display enhanced disease susceptibility compared to wild-type plants. Conversely, the ectopic induction of MpMyb14 led to the accumulation of anthocyanin-like pigments and dramatically enhanced liverwort resistance to P. palmivora infection. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the Marchantia response to oomycete infection displays evolutionarily conserved features indicative of an ancestral pathogen deterrence strategy centered on phenylpropanoid-mediated biochemical defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Carella
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Anna Gogleva
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - David John Hoey
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Anthony John Bridgen
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Sara Christina Stolze
- Protein Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linne-Weg, Cologne 50829, Germany
| | - Hirofumi Nakagami
- Protein Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linne-Weg, Cologne 50829, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schornack
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 EA3, UK.
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Yu Y, Yang J, Ma W, Pressel S, Liu H, Wu Y, Schneider H. Chloroplast phylogenomics of liverworts: a reappraisal of the backbone phylogeny of liverworts with emphasis on Ptilidiales. Cladistics 2019; 36:184-193. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Jun‐Bo Yang
- CAS Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201 China
| | - Wen‐Zhang Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201 China
| | - Silvia Pressel
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum London SW7 5BD UK
| | - Hong‐Mei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Menglun Yunnan 666303 China
| | - Yu‐Huan Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Harald Schneider
- Center of Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Menglun Yunnan 666303 China
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Hisanaga T, Yamaoka S, Kawashima T, Higo A, Nakajima K, Araki T, Kohchi T, Berger F. Building new insights in plant gametogenesis from an evolutionary perspective. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:663-669. [PMID: 31285561 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0466-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Extant bryophytes are thought to preserve characteristics of ancestral land plants, with a life cycle dominated by the haploid gametophyte. The gametophyte produces gametes in specialized organs that differentiate after an extensive phase of vegetative development. During land plant evolution, these organs became extremely reduced. As a result, in flowers of angiosperms the haploid phase of the life cycle is reduced to few-celled gametophytes, namely the embryo sac (female) and pollen (male). Although many factors contributing to gametogenesis have been identified in flowering plants, the extreme reduction of the gametophytes has prevented a clear molecular dissection of key processes of gametogenesis. Recent studies in the model bryophyte Marchantia polymorpha have identified conserved transcription factors regulating the equivalent steps in the sexual reproduction of land plants. These include FEMALE GAMETOPHYTE MYB for female gametophyte development, BONOBO for gamete progenitor cell specification, DUO POLLEN1 for sperm differentiation and members of the RWP-RK domain family for female gamete formation. These studies demonstrate that M. polymorpha is a powerful model to untangle the core processes of gametogenesis in land plants. We anticipate that a deeper understanding of gametogenesis in bryophytes will circumscribe the origin of plant germ cells and define the differentiation programmes of sperm and eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hisanaga
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Shohei Yamaoka
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawashima
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Asuka Higo
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keiji Nakajima
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Takashi Araki
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kohchi
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Frédéric Berger
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.
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de Vries S, de Vries J, Rose LE. The Elaboration of miRNA Regulation and Gene Regulatory Networks in Plant⁻Microbe Interactions. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10040310. [PMID: 31010062 PMCID: PMC6523410 DOI: 10.3390/genes10040310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are exposed to diverse abiotic and biotic stimuli. These require fast and specific integrated responses. Such responses are coordinated at the protein and transcript levels and are incorporated into larger regulatory networks. Here, we focus on the evolution of transcriptional regulatory networks involved in plant–pathogen interactions. We discuss the evolution of regulatory networks and their role in fine-tuning plant defense responses. Based on the observation that many of the cornerstones of immune signaling in angiosperms are also present in streptophyte algae, it is likely that some regulatory components also predate the origin of land plants. The degree of functional conservation of many of these ancient components has not been elucidated. However, ongoing functional analyses in bryophytes show that some components are conserved. Hence, some of these regulatory components and how they are wired may also trace back to the last common ancestor of land plants or earlier. Of course, an understanding of the similarities and differences during the evolution of plant defense networks cannot ignore the lineage-specific coevolution between plants and their pathogens. In this review, we specifically focus on the small RNA regulatory networks involved in fine-tuning of the strength and timing of defense responses and highlight examples of pathogen exploitation of the host RNA silencing system. These examples illustrate well how pathogens frequently target gene regulation and thereby alter immune responses on a larger scale. That this is effective is demonstrated by the diversity of pathogens from distinct kingdoms capable of manipulating the same gene regulatory networks, such as the RNA silencing machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie de Vries
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Jan de Vries
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Laura E Rose
- Institute of Population Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
- CEPLAS-Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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