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Kuo YH, Chen CW, Chu Y, Lin P, Chiang HM. In Vitro and In Vivo Studies on Protective Action of N-Phenethyl Caffeamide against Photodamage of Skin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136777. [PMID: 26367260 PMCID: PMC4569286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, N-phenethyl caffeamide (K36) was proved to act as an antioxidant and an antiphotoaging agent by inhibiting type I procollagen degradation and stimulating collagen synthesis in human skin fibroblasts. In the present study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanism of action and the antiinflammatory and antiphotoaging activity of K36. K36 reduced UVB-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) expression by regulating IκB and p-IκB expression. K36 also inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Furthermore, the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases by K36 was attributed to the downregulation of COX-2. Topically applying K36 led to efficient antiwrinkle formation and reduced UVB-induced erythema and thickness of epidermis in hairless mice. In addition, K36 penetrated into the skin of hairless mice. Our findings show that K36 has significant beneficial effects on antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antiphotoaging activity and suggest that K36 can be developed as an antiaging agent for cosmetic and skin care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Chen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yin Chu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chiang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Kim W, Kim E, Yang HJ, Kwon T, Han S, Lee S, Youn H, Jung Y, Kang C, Youn B. Inhibition of hedgehog signalling attenuates UVB-induced skin photoageing. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:611-7. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanyeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
- Nuclear Science Research Institute; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
| | - EunGi Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
| | - TaeWoo Kwon
- Department of Integrated Biological Science; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
| | - SeoYoung Han
- Department of Integrated Biological Science; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
| | - Sungmin Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
| | - HyeSook Youn
- Department of Biological Sciences; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
- Nuclear Science Research Institute; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
| | - Youngmi Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
- Department of Integrated Biological Science; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
| | - ChulHee Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Washington State University; Pullman Washington USA
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Biological Sciences; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
- Nuclear Science Research Institute; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
- Department of Integrated Biological Science; Pusan National University; Busan South Korea
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Wang HMD, Chen CC, Huynh P, Chang JS. Exploring the potential of using algae in cosmetics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 184:355-362. [PMID: 25537136 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The applications of microalgae in cosmetic products have recently received more attention in the treatment of skin problems, such as aging, tanning and pigment disorders. There are also potential uses in the areas of anti-aging, skin-whitening, and pigmentation reduction products. While algae species have already been used in some cosmetic formulations, such as moisturizing and thickening agents, algae remain largely untapped as an asset in this industry due to an apparent lack of utility as a primary active ingredient. This review article focuses on integrating studies on algae pertinent to skin health and beauty, with the purpose of identifying serviceable algae functions in practical cosmetic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min David Wang
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Chen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Pauline Huynh
- Ecole de Biologie Industrielle, École de Biologie Industrielle, 95094, France
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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Woo SW, Rhim DB, Kim C, Hwang JK. Effect of Standardized Boesenbergia pandurata Extract and Its Active Compound Panduratin A on Skin Hydration and Barrier Function in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2015; 20:15-21. [PMID: 25866745 PMCID: PMC4391536 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2015.20.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin plays a key role in protecting the body from the environment and from water loss. Cornified envelope (CE) and natural moisturizing factor (NMF) are considered as the primary regulators of skin hydration and barrier function. The CE prevents loss of water from the body and is formed by cross-linking of several proteins. Among these proteins, filaggrin is an important protein because NMF is produced by the degradation of filaggrin. Proteases, including matriptase and prostasin, stimulate the generation of filaggrin from profilaggrin and caspase-14 plays a role in the degradation of filaggrin. This study elucidated the effects of an ethanol extract of Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schltr., known as fingerroot, and its active compound panduratin A on CE formation and filaggrin processing in HaCaT, human epidermal keratinocytes. B. pandurata extract (BPE) and panduratin A significantly stimulated not only CE formation but also the expression of CE proteins, such as loricrin, involucrin, and transglutaminase, which were associated with PPARα expression. The mRNA and protein levels of filaggrin and filaggrin-related enzymes, such as matriptase, prostasin, and caspase-14 were also up-regulated by BPE and panduratin A treatment. These results suggest that BPE and panduratin A are potential nutraceuticals which can enhance skin hydration and barrier function based on their CE formation and filaggrin processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Wook Woo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Dong-Bin Rhim
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Changhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea ; Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Oh SJ, Kim K, Lim CJ. Suppressive properties of ginsenoside Rb2, a protopanaxadiol-type ginseng saponin, on reactive oxygen species and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in UV-B-irradiated human dermal keratinocytes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:1075-81. [PMID: 25774540 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1020752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenosides, also known as ginseng saponins, are the principal bioactive ingredients of ginseng, which are responsible for its diverse pharmacological activities. The present work aimed to assess skin anti-photoaging properties of ginsenoside Rb2 (Rb2), one of the predominant protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides, in human epidermal keratinocyte HaCaT cells under UV-B irradiation. When the cultured keratinocytes were subjected to Rb2 prior to UV-B irradiation, Rb2 displayed suppressive activities on UV-B-induced reactive oxygen species elevation and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression and secretion. However, Rb2 at the used concentrations was unable to modulate cellular survivals in the UV-B-irradiated keratinocytes. In brief, Rb2 possesses a protective role against the photoaging of human keratinocyte cells under UV-B irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Joo Oh
- a Department of Biological Sciences , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Republic of Korea
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Pinus densiflora extract protects human skin fibroblasts against UVB-induced photoaging by inhibiting the expression of MMPs and increasing type I procollagen expression. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:658-666. [PMID: 28962279 PMCID: PMC5598503 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can cause skin photoaging, which is associated with upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and downregulation of collagen synthesis. It has been reported that MMPs, especially MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9, decrease the elasticity of the dermis by degrading collagen. In this study, we assessed the effects of Pinus densiflora extract (PDE) on photoaging and investigated its mechanism of action in human skin fibroblast (Hs68) cells after UVB exposure using real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and enzymatic activity assays. PDE exhibited an antioxidant activity and inhibited elastase activities in vitro. We also found that PDE inhibited UVB-induced cytotoxicity, MMP-1 production and expression of MMP-1, -3 and -9 mRNA in Hs68 cells. In addition, PDE decreased UVB-induced MMP-2 activity and MMP-2 mRNA expression. Moreover, PDE prevented the decrease of type I procollagen mediated by exposure to UVB irradiation, an effect that is linked to the upregulation and downregulation of Smad3 and Smad7, respectively. Another effect of UV irradiation is to stimulate activator protein 1 (AP-1) activity via overexpression of c-Jun/c-Fos, which, in turn, upregulates MMP-1, -3, and -9. In this study, we found that PDE suppressed UV-induced c-Jun and c-Fos mRNA expression. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PDE regulates UVB-induced expression of MMPs and type I procollagen synthesis by inhibiting AP-1 activity and restoring impaired Smad signaling, suggesting that PDE may be useful as an effective anti-photoaging agent.
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The protective effect of glycitin on UV-induced skin photoaging in human primary dermal fibroblast. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-014-4155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chiang HM, Chen CW, Lin TY, Kuo YH. N-Phenethyl caffeamide and photodamage: protecting skin by inhibiting type I procollagen degradation and stimulating collagen synthesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 72:154-61. [PMID: 25019243 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Skin is mainly damaged by genetic and environmental factors such as ultraviolet (UV) light and pollutants. UV light is a well-known factor that causes various types of skin damage and premature aging. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are commonly involved in the pathogenesis of skin damage by activating the metalloproteinases that break down type I collagen. This study investigated the antioxidant and antiphotodamage activity and mechanisms of N-phenethyl caffeamide (K36) in human skin fibroblasts. The results indicated that K36 demonstrated strong 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity, which dose-dependently reduced the production of UVB-induced intracellular ROS in human dermal fibroblasts. K36 prevented UVB-irradiation-induced type I collagen degradation by inhibiting the expression of matrix metalloproteins-1, -3, and -9 and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. Furthermore, K36 elevated collagen synthesis in skin fibroblasts by inhibiting UVB-induced Smad7 overexpression. K36 downregulated the expression of the transcription factor, activator protein-1 (AP-1). Our results indicated that K36 exhibited antioxidant properties and prevented skin collagen degradation caused by UV exposure and the stimulation of collagen synthesis, which suggests the potential use of K36 in preventing photodamage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Mei Chiang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Wen Chen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Lin
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
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Lee DG, Park SY, Chung WS, Park JH, Shin HS, Hwang E, Kim IH, Yi TH. The bone regenerative effects of fucosterol in in vitro and in vivo models of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2014; 58:1249-57. [PMID: 24604889 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The aim of this study was to investigate the bone regenerative effects of fucosterol in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized (OVX) rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Bone regeneration was assessed in fucosterol-treated MG63 cells in vitro via assays for osteoblast proliferation, alkaline phosphatase, and osteoclast differentiation. Osteoblast proliferation rates, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization were increased in the fucosterol-treated group. Moreover, differentiation of osteoclasts was decreased in the fucosterol-treated group. In the in vivo assay, female rats were OVX. Twelve weeks after ovariectomy, rats were divided into seven groups, each oral administrate everyday for 7 weeks. The bone mineral density of femoral bones was higher in fucosterol groups than in OVX control, and body weight was lower in fucosterol groups. Among bone-quality parameters, bone volume/total volume increased and trabecular separation decreased in fucosterol groups relative to the OVX control. Bone formation and resorption were evaluated using the serum biomarkers osteocalcin and CTx. Fucosterol tripled the level of serum osteocalcin relative to the OVX group and reduced the serum level of CTx. CONCLUSION These results suggest that fucosterol has the dual potentials to activate osteoblasts to stimulate bone formation and suppress differentiation of osteoclasts so as to reduce bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don-Gil Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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