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Marinho MAG, Marques MDS, Cordeiro MF, de Moraes Vaz Batista Filgueira D, Horn AP. Combination of Curcumin and Photodynamic Therapy Based on the Use of Red Light or Near-Infrared Radiation in Cancer: a Systematic Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2985-2997. [PMID: 35469576 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220425093657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic intervention that can be applied to the treatment of cancer. The interaction between a photosensitizer (PS), ideal wavelength radiation and tissue molecular oxygen, triggers a series of photochemical reactions that are responsible for the production of reactive oxygen species. These highly reactive species can decrease proliferation and induce tumor cell death. The search for PS of natural origin extracted from plants becomes relevant, as they have photoactivation capacity, preferentially targeting tumor cells and because they do not present any or little toxicity to healthy cells. OBJECTIVE Our work aimed to carry out a qualitative systematic review to investigate the effects of curcumin (CUR), a molecule considered as PS of natural origin, on PDT, using red light or near infrared radiation, in tumor models. METHODS A systematic search was performed in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) using the PICOT method, retrieving a total of 1,373 occurrences. At the end of the peer screening, using inclusion, exclusion, and eligibility criteria, 25 eligible articles were included in this systematic review. RESULTS CUR, whether in its free state, associated with metal complexes or other PS, and in a nanocarrier system, was considered a relevant PS for PDT using red light or near-infrared against tumoral models in vitro and in vivo, acting by increasing cytotoxicity, inhibiting proliferation, inducing cell death mainly by apoptosis, and changing oxidative parameters. CONCLUSION The results found in this systematic review suggest the potential use of CUR as a PS of natural origin to be applied in PDT against many neoplasms, encouraging further search in the field of PDT against cancer and serving as an investigative basis for upcoming pre-clinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Augusto Germani Marinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brasil.,Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brasil.,Laboratório de Cultura Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brasil
| | - Magno da Silva Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brasil.,Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brasil
| | - Marcos Freitas Cordeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Saúde, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina-UNOESC, Joaçaba, SC, 89600-000, Brasil
| | - Daza de Moraes Vaz Batista Filgueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brasil.,Laboratório de Cultura Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Horn
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brasil.,Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brasil
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Recent advances in ZnO-based photosensitizers: Synthesis, modification, and applications in photodynamic cancer therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 621:440-463. [PMID: 35483177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are important semiconductor materials with interesting photo-responsive properties. During the past, ZnO-based NPs have received considerable attention for photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to their biocompatibility and excellent potential of generating tumor-killing reactive oxygen species (ROS) through gentle photodynamic activation. This article provides a comprehensive review of the recent developments and improvements in optical properties of ZnO NPs as photosensitizers for PDT. The optical properties of ZnO-based photosensitizers are significantly dependent on their charge separation, absorption potential, band gap engineering, and surface area, which can be adjusted/tuned by doping, compositing, and morphology control. Here, we first summarize the recent progress in the charge separation capability, absorption potential, band gap engineering, and surface area of nanosized ZnO-based photosensitizers. Then, morphology control that is closely related to their synthesis method is discussed. Following on, the state-of-art for the ZnO-based NPs in the treatment of hypoxic tumors is comprehensively reviewed. Finally, we provide some outlooks on common targeted therapy methods for more effective tumor killing, including the attachment of small molecules, antibodies, ligands molecules, and receptors to NPs which further improve their selective distribution and targeting, hence improving the therapeutic effectiveness. The current review may provide useful guidance for the researchers who are interested in this promising dynamic cancer treatment technology.
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53
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Xu Z, Jiang Y, Shen Y, Tang L, Hu Z, Lin G, Law WC, Ma M, Dong B, Yong KT, Xu G, Tao Y, Chen R, Yang C. A biocompatible photosensitizer with a high intersystem crossing efficiency for precise two-photon photodynamic therapy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:1283-1292. [PMID: 35170613 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01869h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic efficiency is strongly dependent on the generation rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the tissue penetration depth. Recent advances in materials science reveal that organic molecules with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) can potentially serve as efficient photosensitizers owing to their limited dark cytotoxicity and abundant triplet excitons upon light irradiation. In this study, we combine RTP materials with two-photon excitation to improve the ROS generation, therapeutic precision, and tissue penetration of photodynamic therapy. We successfully prepared a novel RTP-based photosensitizer (BF2DCz) with a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 47.7 ± 3% and a remarkable intersystem crossing efficiency of ∼90.3%. By encapsulation into the bovine serum albumin (BSA) matrix, BF2DCz-BSA exhibits excellent biocompatibility, negligible dark toxicity, and superior photostability. Excitation using a femtosecond laser causes BF2DCz-BSA to efficiently generate ROS and precisely exert cell damage at the desired location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhourui Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yihang Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Lele Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9th Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zulu Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Guimiao Lin
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11th YukChoi Rd, Hong Hum, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Mingze Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Biqin Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688th Nanhai Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9th Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9th Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chengbin Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
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Shao L, Zhu Y, Liao B, Wang G, Huang L, Yu L, Bai D. Effects of Curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy on autophagy and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lung cancer cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102849. [PMID: 35390521 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigated whether Curcumin-mediated PDT suppress EMT in lung cancer cells, and explore the roles of autophagy in the process of regulating EMT. METHODS Lung cancer cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The expression of epithelial marker and mesenchymal markers, the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and the levels of p62 and beclin1 in A549 and SPCA1 cells were measured by Western blotting assay. The Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to detect the migration and invasion abilities of the A549 and SPCA1 cells. Autophagosome formation was detected via observing the colocalization of Lamp-2 with LC3 in A549 cells, and the autophagy ultrastructure was observed by TEM. RESULTS Curcumin-PDT inhibited EMT, migration and invasion and induced autophagy in lung cancer cells. Curcumin-PDT induced autophagy was involved in the process of PDT inhibiting EMT, but it presented a promoting effect of EMT in lung cancer cells. Curcumin-PDT combined with CQ further inhibited EMT, invasion and migration of lung cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS The role of PDT-induced autophagy in the regulation of EMT was determined to be a promoting effect in lung cancer. Therefore, Curcumin-mediated PDT combined with autophagy inhibitor further suppressed EMT of lung cancer cells, and may represent a potential strategy against invasion and migration of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Shao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Bo Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Gailan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Liyi Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lehua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Dingqun Bai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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55
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Optical control of Class A G protein-coupled receptors with photoswitchable ligands. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 63:102192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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56
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Bruno S, Margiotta M, Cozzolino M, Bianchini P, Diaspro A, Cavanna L, Tognolini M, Abbruzzetti S, Viappiani C. A photosensitizing fusion protein with targeting capabilities. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:175-182. [DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The photodynamic treatment for antimicrobial applications or anticancer therapy relies on reactive oxygen species generated by photosensitizing molecules after absorption of visible or near-infrared light. If the photosensitizing molecule is in close vicinity of the microorganism or the malignant cell, a photocytotoxic action is exerted. Therefore, the effectiveness of photosensitizing compounds strongly depends on their capability to target microbial or cancer-specific proteins. In this study, we report on the preparation and preliminary characterization of human recombinant myoglobin fused to the vasoactive intestinal peptide to target vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor (VPAC) receptors. Fe-protoporphyrin IX was replaced by the photosensitizing compound Zn-protoporphyrin IX. Taking advantage of the fluorescence emission by Zn-protoporphyrin IX, we show that the construct can bind prostate cancer cells where the VPAC receptors are expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Marilena Margiotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Marco Cozzolino
- DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova , Genova , Italy
- Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Genova , Italy
| | - Paolo Bianchini
- DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova , Genova , Italy
- Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Genova , Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova , Genova , Italy
- Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Genova , Italy
| | - Luigi Cavanna
- Dipartimento di Oncologia-Ematologia, Azienda USL di Piacenza , Piacenza , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Tognolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma , Parma , Italy
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57
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Patel M, Prabhu A. Smart nanocomposite assemblies for multimodal cancer theranostics. Int J Pharm 2022; 618:121697. [PMID: 35337903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite great strides in anticancer research, performance statistics of current treatment modalities remain dismal, highlighting the need for safe, efficacious strategies for tumour mitigation. Non-invasive fusion technology platforms combining photodynamic, photothermal and hyperthermia therapies have emerged as alternate strategies with potential to meet many of the unmet clinical demands in the domain of cancer. These therapies make use of metallic and magnetic nanoparticles with light absorbing properties, which are manipulated to generate either reactive cytotoxic oxygen species or heat for tumour ablation. Combination therapies integrating light, heat and magnetism-mediated nanoplatforms with the conventional approaches of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are emerging as precision medicine for targeted interventions against cancer. This article aims to compile recent developments of advanced nanocomposite assemblies that integrate multimodal therapeutics for cancer treatment. Amalgamation of various effective, non-invasive technological platforms such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), magnetic hyperthermia (MHT), and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) have tremendous potential in presenting safe and efficacious solutions to the formidable challenges in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manshi Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Arati Prabhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India.
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Mussini A, Uriati E, Bianchini P, Diaspro A, Cavanna L, Abbruzzetti S, Viappiani C. Targeted photoimmunotherapy for cancer. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:126-147. [PMID: 35304984 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved procedure that can exert a curative action against malignant cells. The treatment implies the administration of a photoactive molecular species that, upon absorption of visible or near infrared light, sensitizes the formation of reactive oxygen species. These species are cytotoxic and lead to tumor cell death, damage vasculature, and induce inflammation. Clinical investigations demonstrated that PDT is curative and does not compromise other treatment options. One of the major limitations of the original method was the low selectivity of the photoactive compounds for malignant over healthy tissues. The development of conjugates with antibodies has endowed photosensitizing molecules with targeting capability, so that the compounds are delivered with unprecedented precision to the site of action. Given their fluorescence emission capability, these supramolecular species are intrinsically theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mussini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Uriati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bianchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Cavanna
- Dipartimento di Oncologia-Ematologia, Azienda USL di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
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Bortot B, Apollonio M, Baj G, Andolfi L, Zupin L, Crovella S, di Giosia M, Cantelli A, Saporetti R, Ulfo L, Petrosino A, Di Lorenzo G, Romano F, Ricci G, Mongiat M, Danielli A, Calvaresi M, Biffi S. Advanced photodynamic therapy with an engineered M13 phage targeting EGFR: Mitochondrial localization and autophagy induction in ovarian cancer cell lines. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:242-251. [PMID: 34808331 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potential synergistic approach to chemotherapy for treating ovarian cancer, the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Here we used M13 bacteriophage as a targeted vector for the efficient photodynamic killing of SKOV3 and COV362 cells. The M13 phage was refactored (M13r) to display an EGFR binding peptide in its tip that is frequently overexpressed in ovarian cancer. The refactored phage was conjugated with chlorin e6 (Ce6), one of the most widely used photosensitizers (M13r-Ce6). The new platform, upon irradiation, generated ROS by type I mechanism and showed activity in killing SKOV3 and COV362 cells even at concentrations in which Ce6 alone was ineffective. A microscopy analysis demonstrated an enhanced cellular uptake of M13r-Ce6 compared to free Ce6 and its mitochondrial localization. Western blot analysis revealed significant downregulation in the expression of EGFR in cells exposed to M13r-Ce6 after PDT. Following PDT treatment, autophagy induction was supported by an increased expression of LC3II, along with a raised autophagic fluorescent signal, as observed by fluorescence microscopy analysis for autophagosome visualization. As a conclusion we have herein proposed a bacteriophage-based receptor targeted photodynamic therapy for EGFR-positive ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bortot
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maura Apollonio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Baj
- BRAIN Center for Neuroscience, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Andolfi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Officina dei Materiali IOM-CNR, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luisa Zupin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Matteo di Giosia
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Cantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Saporetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Ulfo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annapaola Petrosino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Mongiat
- Department of Research and Diagnosis, Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Alberto Danielli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Stefania Biffi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
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Tsolekile N, Parani S, de Macedo EF, Lebepe TC, Maluleke R, Ncapayi V, Matoetoe MC, Songca SP, Conceição K, Tada DB, Oluwafemi OS. Photodynamic Therapy and Antibacterial Activities of a Novel Synthesized Quaternary Zn-Cu-In-S/ZnS QDs- mTHPP Porphyrin Conjugate. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:5315-5325. [PMID: 36411766 PMCID: PMC9675416 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s382302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment modality that destroys abnormally growing cells or microorganisms. Porphyrins are used as photosensitizers in PDT; however, their clinical application has been limited by their poor water solubility, resulting in aggregation and low quantum yields of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Methods To overcome these limitations and improve PDT efficacy, we herein report the conjugation of ZnCuInS/ZnS (ZCIS/ZnS) quantum dots (QDs) to 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (mTHPP). The optimal conditions for QDs porphyrin conjugation formation were systematically evaluated. Discussion This study further assessed the PDT efficacy and antibacterial potency of the synthesized ZCIS/ZnS-mTHPP conjugates. The PDT efficacy of the QDs, mTHPP, and conjugate was evaluated against the murine metastatic melanoma (B16 F10 Nex2) cell line. This was performed with and without LED irradiation. Results The conjugate exhibited the highest reduction in cell viability following LED irradiation (72%) compared to the bare QDs (19%) and mTHPP (1%). Antimicrobial studies conducted on E. coli showed that the conjugation exhibits a higher antibacterial effect than the bare QDs, even without light. Conclusion The results suggest that conjugate is a promising class of materials for anti-cancer and antimicrobial PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ncediwe Tsolekile
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, 2000, South Africa.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.,Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sundararajan Parani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.,Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Erenilda Ferreira de Macedo
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thabang Calvin Lebepe
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.,Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rodney Maluleke
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.,Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Vuyelwa Ncapayi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.,Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mangaka Clara Matoetoe
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, 2000, South Africa
| | | | - Katia Conceição
- Laboratory of Peptide Biochemistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dayane Batista Tada
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.,Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Claudia Pedrozo da Silva A, Fabiano de Freitas C, Aparecida Errerias Fernandes Cardinali C, Lazzarotto Braga T, Caetano W, Ida Bonini Ravanelli M, Hioka N, Luiz Tessaro A. Biotin-functionalized silica nanoparticles loaded with Erythrosine B asselective photodynamic treatment for Glioblastoma Multiforme. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Papayan G, Akopov A. Photodynamic Theranostics of Central Lung Cancer: Capabilities of Early Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Therapy (Review). Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2021; 13:78-86. [PMID: 35265362 PMCID: PMC8858399 DOI: 10.17691/stm2021.13.6.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the prospects for central lung cancer (CLC) screening using fluorescent diagnostics and its treatment by endobronchial photodynamic therapy (PDT). Bronchoscopic fluorescent diagnostics using chlorin e6 photosensitizers and a developed instrumental system enable to reveal tumor changes in large bronchi mucosa at early stages, and a developed PDT technique performed under fluorescent control helps achieve personalized treatment. Such an approach is considered as a theranostic technique - photodynamic theranostics. central lung cancer screening requires a fluorescent dye characterized by availability and can be used directly within the examination. Indocyanine green can be used as a dye, its peculiarity is the necessity to excite and record fluorescence in the near-infrared (NIR) wavelength band. First experiments using NIR bands to diagnose a bronchoscopic system showed the detectability of tumor areas using on-site bronchoscopic photodynamic theranostics, which consists in NIR imaging of tumor foci when a standard dose of indocyanine green is administered during the examination. Conclusion Further progress of early diagnostics and minimally invasive CLC therapy will be determined by the development of new photosensitizers, which should be characterized by a high absorption band in NIR area, quick accumulation in a tumor, high yield of single oxygen in NIR illumination, bright fluorescence, high potential in terms of the induction of an anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- G.V. Papayan
- Senior Researcher, Laser Medicine Center; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6-8 L’va Tolstogo St., Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia; Senior Researcher, Research Department of Myocardial Microcirculation and Metabolism; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova St., Saint Petersburg, 197341, Russia
| | - A.L. Akopov
- Professor, Head of Thoracic Surgery Department, Research Institute for Surgery and Emergency Medicine; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6-8 L’va Tolstogo St., Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia
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Zhu F, Xu L, Li X, Li Z, Wang J, Chen H, Li X, Gao Y. Co-delivery of gefitinib and hematoporphyrin by aptamer-modified fluorinated dendrimer for hypoxia alleviation and enhanced synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy of NSCLC. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 167:106004. [PMID: 34520834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs)-based molecular targeted therapy are proved to be effective in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutation, its efficacy is limited by the acquired drug resistance. The combination of EGFR-TKIs with photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been explored to combat NSCLC with promising synergistic results. However, hypoxic tumor microenvironment is associated with the development of EGFR-TKIs resistance and severely limits the efficacy of PDT. Here, we synthesized an aptamer modified fluorinated dendrimer (APF) as a drug carrier and prepared nanocomplexes APFHG by encapsulation of gefitinib (Gef) and hematoporphyrin (Hp). APF has good oxygen-carrying capacity, high drug entrapment efficiency, and could release Gef and Hp in response to intracellular pH. APF can specifically recognize EGFR-positive NSCLC cells and effectively improve the tumor hypoxic microenvironment due to the targeting effect of aptamer and the good oxygen-carrying capacity of the fluorinated dendrimer. Under the laser irradiation, APFHG can significantly increase the production of the intracellular reactive oxygen species and produce a synergistic therapeutic effect in inhibition of cellular growth and induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on both Gef-sensitive and Gef-resistant EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells through PDT/molecular targeted therapy. This work indicates that fluorinated dendrimer could be a potent drug delivery platform to overcome hypoxia-related resistance and the co-delivery of EGFR-TKI and photosensitizer by the fluorinated dendrimer could be a promising therapeutic approach for reversal of EGFR-TKIs resistance in EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyin Zhu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Xudong Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Ziying Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Xiumei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
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Kim M, Choi MC, Lee C, Na YJ, Kim SJ. Long-term outcomes of photodynamic therapy for a positive resection margin after conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 37:102639. [PMID: 34823035 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive resection margins after conization or loop electrosurgical excision procedure (conization/LEEP) are associated with increased risks of recurrence or residual cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Herein, we investigated the long-term outcomes of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for incomplete excision of CIN3. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of 73 patients treated with PDT between 2000 and 2011. Patients who underwent conization/LEEP before PDT within 6 months were included. The primary outcomes were the complete response (CR) rate after 1 year and human papillomavirus (HPV) eradication rate at 6 months after PDT. RESULTS A total of 34 patients with positive resection margins were finally enrolled. The median patient age was 33 years. Carcinoma in situ was diagnosed in 25 patients and CIN3 in 7 patients. The CR rate was 97.1% after 1 year. Except for one case of a persistent disease, there was no recurrence or newly developed disease during the median follow-up of 84 months (range, 12-224 months). The HPV eradication rate of PDT following conization/LEEP after 6 months was 96.9% (31/32). Photosensitivity was identified in five patients and cervical stenosis in one patient. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, PDT could be an effective therapeutic option for patients with a positive resection margin after conization/LEEP for CIN3. It could reduce the residual or recurrence rate of CIN lesions with tolerable adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Migang Kim
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13496, Korea
| | - Min Chul Choi
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13496, Korea.
| | - Chan Lee
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13496, Korea.
| | - Young Jeong Na
- Gynecologic Oncology Center, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10414, Korea
| | - Seung Jo Kim
- Sangkyungwon Intermed Cancer Hospital, Yeoju-si, Gyeonggi-do 12616, Korea
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Sobhani N, Samadani AA. Implications of photodynamic cancer therapy: an overview of PDT mechanisms basically and practically. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2021; 33:34. [PMID: 34778919 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-021-00093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor eradication is one of the most important challengeable categories in oncological studies. In this account, besides the molecular genetics methods including cell therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and general cancer therapy procedures like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, photodynamic adjuvant therapy is of great importance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a relatively noninvasive therapeutic method utilizes the irradiation of an appropriate wavelength which is absorbed by a photosensitizing agent in the presence of oxygen. In this procedure, a series of events lead to the direct death of malignant cells such as damage to the microvasculature and also the induction of a local inflammatory function. PDT has participated with other treatment modalities especially in the early stage of malignant tumors and has resulted in decreasing morbidity besides improving survival rate and quality of life. High spatial resolution of PDT has attracted considerable attention in the field of image-guided photodynamic therapy combined with chemotherapy of multidrug resistance cancers. Although PDT outcomes vary across the different tumor types, minimal natural tissue toxicity, minor systemic effects, significant reduction in long-term disease, lack of innate or acquired resistance mechanisms, and excellent cosmetic effects, as well as limb function, make it a valuable treatment option for combination therapies. SHORT CONCLUSION In this review article, we tried to discuss the potential of PDT in the treatment of some dermatologic and solid tumors, particularly all its important mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Sobhani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran. .,Clinical Research Development Unit of Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Jin ZY, Fatima H, Zhang Y, Shao Z, Chen XJ. Recent Advances in Bio‐Compatible Oxygen Singlet Generation and Its Tumor Treatment. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325015 P. R. China
| | - Hira Fatima
- Western Australia School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM‐MECE) Curtin University Perth Western Australia 6102 Australia
| | - Yue Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325015 P. R. China
| | - Zongping Shao
- Western Australia School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM‐MECE) Curtin University Perth Western Australia 6102 Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xiang Jian Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325015 P. R. China
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Phototoxicity of two positive-charged diaryl porphyrins in multicellular tumor spheroids. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 225:112353. [PMID: 34763227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved cancer treatment in which reactive oxygen species are formed only when three harmless components, a photosensitizer (PS), light and molecular oxygen, are present at the same time, leading to cell death. Most of the PSs were tested on monolayer cells, but differences between 2D cells and solid tumors significantly limit the value of in vitro PDT studies, whereas the use of 3D spheroid might be more suitable for drug development and preclinical drug testing for PDT. In a previous work we have shown that two positive-charged diaryl porphyrins (2 and 4) were more potent than the corresponding neutral molecules (1 and 3) on a panel of 2D-cultured cancer cell lines. In the present study the photodynamic effects of these molecules have been evaluated on HCT116 and MCF7 spheroids. Induction of apoptotic and necrotic cell death, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been also evaluated, along with accumulation and localization of PSs into spheroids. Our findings indicate that 2 and 4 retained their phototoxic effects also in 3D spheroids; furthermore, they were more potent than 1 and 3 and as potent as Foscan (m-THPC), the most successful PS approved for clinical PDT of cancer, used as reference. Although further aspects of their mechanisms of action need to be addressed, our results strongly suggest a potential in vivo photodynamic application of 2 and 4, considering that spheroids represent a more realistic indicator of in vivo therapeutic efficacy than 2D cell lines.
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Photodynamic Therapy Induced Cell Death Mechanisms in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910506. [PMID: 34638847 PMCID: PMC8508861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer globally and the pioneering cause of mortality among women. It usually begins from the ducts or lobules, referred to as ductal carcinoma in situ, or lobular carcinoma in situ. Age, mutations in Breast Cancer Gene 1 or 2 (BRCA1 or BRCA2) genes, and dense breast tissue are the highest risk factors. Current treatments are associated with various side effects, relapse, and a low quality of life. Although conventional treatments, such as surgery and chemotherapy, have been used for decades, their adverse side effects on normal cells and tissues pose a major weakness, which calls for a non-invasive treatment option. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has proven to be a promising form of cancer therapy. It is less invasive, target-specific, and with reduced cytotoxicity to normal cells and tissues. It involves the use of a photosensitizer (PS) and light at a specific wavelength to produce reactive oxygen species. One of the reasons for the target specificity is associated with the dense vascularization of cancer tissues, which tends to increase the surface area for the PS uptake. Photosensitizers are light-sensitive molecules, which result in cancer cell destruction followed by light irradiation. Depending on the localization of the PS within the cancer cell, its destruction may be via apoptosis, necrosis, or autophagy. This review focuses on the breast cancer etiopathology and PDT-induced cell death mechanisms in breast cancer cells.
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Foglietta F, Gola G, Biasibetti E, Capucchio MT, Bruni I, Francovich A, Durando G, Serpe L, Canaparo R. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Triggered by Ultrasound Halts Tumor Proliferation in a Syngeneic Model of Breast Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:972. [PMID: 34681196 PMCID: PMC8540919 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy is a bimodal therapeutic approach in which a chemical compound and ultrasound (US) synergistically act to elicit oxidative damage, triggering cancer cell death. Despite encouraging results, mainly for anticancer treatment, sonodynamics is still far from having a clinical application. Therefore, to close the gap between the bench and bedside, more in vivo studies are needed. In this investigation, the combined effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (Ala), a natural porphyrin precursor, plus exposure to US, was investigated in vivo on a syngeneic breast cancer model. Real-time RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry assays were performed to evaluate the effect of sonodynamic treatment on the main cancer hallmarks. The sonodynamic-treated group had a significant reduction (p ≤ 0.0001) in tumor size compared to the untreated group, and the Ala- and US-only treated groups, where a strong decrease (p ≤ 0.0001) in Ki67 protein expression was the most relevant feature of sonodynamic-treated cancer tissues. Moreover, oxidative stress was confirmed as the pivotal driver of the anticancer effect through cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy; thus, sonodynamics should be explored further for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Foglietta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Giulia Gola
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Elena Biasibetti
- Histopathology Department CIBA, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Capucchio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (M.T.C.); (I.B.)
| | - Iside Bruni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (M.T.C.); (I.B.)
| | - Andrea Francovich
- Institut de Physiologie, Université de Fribourg, 1770 Fribourg, Switzerland;
| | - Gianni Durando
- National Institute of Metrological Research (INRIM), 10135 Torino, Italy;
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Roberto Canaparo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
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Krechetov SP, Miroshkina AM, Yakovtseva MN, Mochalova EN, Babenyshev AV, Maslov IV, Loshkarev AA, Krasnyuk II. Radachlorin-Containing Microparticles for Photodynamic Therapy. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:458-468. [PMID: 34513620 PMCID: PMC8421630 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Reducing the undesirable systemic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be achieved by incorporating a photosensitizer in microparticles (MPs). This study is devoted to the preparation of biocompatible biodegradable MPs with the inclusion of the natural photosensitizer Radachlorin (RС) and an assessment of the possibility of their use for PDT. Methods: RC-containing MPs (RС MPs) with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer (PLGA) matrix were prepared by a double emulsion solvent evaporation methods. The size and morphology of RC MPs were surveyed using scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The content of RC, its release from RC MPs, and singlet oxygen generation were evaluated by the optical spectroscopy. Cellular uptake and cytotoxic photodynamic effect of RC MPs were investigated with in vitro assays. Results: The average diameter of the prepared RC MPs was about 2-3 μm. The RC MPs prepared by the water/oil/oil method had a significantly higher inclusion of RC (1.74 μg/mg) then RC MPs prepared by the water/oil/water method (0.089 μg/mg). Exposure of the prepared RC MPs to PDT light radiation was accompanied by the singlet oxygen generation and a cytotoxic effect for tumor cells. The release of the RC from the RC MPs was prolonged and lasted at least two weeks. Conclusion: PLGA RC MPs were found to cause a photoactivated cytotoxic effect for tumor cells and can be used for local application in PDT of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Petrovich Krechetov
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Maria Nikolaevna Yakovtseva
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Andrey Vadimovich Babenyshev
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Ivan Vladimirovich Maslov
- Center for Research on Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Ivan Ivanovich Krasnyuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Fei W, Zheng C, Zheng Y, Tang M, Qian Y, Zhang X, Zhao M, Zhang M, Wang F. Silica-Based Nanoframeworks Involved Hepatocellular Carcinoma Theranostic. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:733792. [PMID: 34557478 PMCID: PMC8452863 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.733792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica-based nanoframeworks have been extensively studied for diagnosing and treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several reviews have summarized the advantages and disadvantages of these nanoframeworks and their use as drug-delivery carriers. Encouragingly, these nanoframeworks, especially those with metal elements or small molecular drugs doping into the skeleton structure or modifying onto the surface of nanoparticles, could be multifunctional components participating in HCC diagnosis and treatment rather than functioning only as drug-delivery carriers. Therefore, in this work, we described the research progress of silica-based nanoframeworks involved in HCC diagnosis (plasma biomarker detection, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, photoacoustic imaging, fluorescent imaging, ultrasonography, etc.) and treatment (chemotherapy, ferroptotic therapy, radiotherapy, phototherapy, sonodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, etc.) to clarify their roles in HCC theranostics. Further, the future expectations and challenges associated with silica-based nanoframeworks were highlighted. We believe that this review will provide a comprehensive understanding for researchers to design novel, functional silica-based nanoframeworks that can effectively overcome HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengdan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Algorri JF, Ochoa M, Roldán-Varona P, Rodríguez-Cobo L, López-Higuera JM. Photodynamic Therapy: A Compendium of Latest Reviews. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4447. [PMID: 34503255 PMCID: PMC8430498 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising therapy against cancer. Even though it has been investigated for more than 100 years, scientific publications have grown exponentially in the last two decades. For this reason, we present a brief compendium of reviews of the last two decades classified under different topics, namely, overviews, reviews about specific cancers, and meta-analyses of photosensitisers, PDT mechanisms, dosimetry, and light sources. The key issues and main conclusions are summarized, including ways and means to improve therapy and outcomes. Due to the broad scope of this work and it being the first time that a compendium of the latest reviews has been performed for PDT, it may be of interest to a wide audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Algorri
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Mario Ochoa
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Pablo Roldán-Varona
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | | | - José Miguel López-Higuera
- Photonics Engineering Group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (M.O.); (P.R.-V.); (J.M.L.-H.)
- CIBER-bbn, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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Photodynamic Therapy Review: Principles, Photosensitizers, Applications, and Future Directions. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091332. [PMID: 34575408 PMCID: PMC8470722 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic modality that has gained great attention in the past years as a new therapy for cancer treatment. PDT uses photosensitizers that, after being excited by light at a specific wavelength, react with the molecular oxygen to create reactive oxygen species in the target tissue, resulting in cell death. Compared to conventional therapeutic modalities, PDT presents greater selectivity against tumor cells, due to the use of photosensitizers that are preferably localized in tumor lesions, and the precise light irradiation of these lesions. This paper presents a review of the principles, mechanisms, photosensitizers, and current applications of PDT. Moreover, the future path on the research of new photosensitizers with enhanced tumor selectivity, featuring the improvement of PDT effectiveness, has also been addressed. Finally, new applications of PDT have been covered.
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Zhang L, Yang R, Yu H, Xu Z, Kang Y, Cui H, Xue P. MnO 2-capped silk fibroin (SF) nanoparticles with chlorin e6 (Ce6) encapsulation for augmented photo-driven therapy by modulating the tumor microenvironment. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:3677-3688. [PMID: 33949613 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00296a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF), derived from Bombyx mori, is a category of fibrous protein with outstanding potential for applications in the biomedical and biotechnological fields. In spite of its many advantageous properties, the exploration of SF as a versatile nanodrug precursor for tumor therapy has still been restricted in recent years. Herein, a multifunctional SF-derived nanoplatform was facilely developed via encapsulating the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) into MnO2-capped SF nanoparticles (NPs). SF@MnO2 nanocarriers were synthesized through a surface crystallization technique, using SF as a reductant and sacrificial template. Afterwards, Ce6 was covalently incorporated into the loose structure of the SF@MnO2 nanocarrier on the basis of adsorption to abundant peptide-binding sites. To modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME), SF@MnO2/Ce6 (SMC) NPs were capable of catalyzing the decomposition of H2O2 into O2, which can be converted into cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) during photodynamic therapy (PDT). Moreover, the MnO2 component was able to oxidize intracellular glutathione (GSH) into non-reducing glutathione disulfide (GSSG), and the consumption of GSH could significantly protect the local ROS from being reduced, which further augmented the therapeutic outcome of PDT. Via another angle, SMC NPs can produce strong hyperthermia under near-infrared (NIR) light activation, which was highly desirable for efficient photothermal therapy (PTT). Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the intense tumor inhibitory effects as a result of augmented PTT/PDT mediated by SMC NPs. We believe that this study may provide useful insights for employing SF-based nanocomposites for more medical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. and Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ruihao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Honglian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Zhigang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yuejun Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. and Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Peng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Gunaydin G, Gedik ME, Ayan S. Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment and Diagnosis of Cancer-A Review of the Current Clinical Status. Front Chem 2021; 9:686303. [PMID: 34409014 PMCID: PMC8365093 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.686303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used as an anti-tumor treatment method for a long time and photosensitizers (PS) can be used in various types of tumors. Originally, light is an effective tool that has been used in the treatment of diseases for ages. The effects of combination of specific dyes with light illumination was demonstrated at the beginning of 20th century and novel PDT approaches have been developed ever since. Main strategies of current studies are to reduce off-target effects and improve pharmacokinetic properties. Given the high interest and vast literature about the topic, approval of PDT as the first drug/device combination by the FDA should come as no surprise. PDT consists of two stages of treatment, combining light energy with a PS in order to destruct tumor cells after activation by light. In general, PDT has fewer side effects and toxicity than chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. In addition to the purpose of treatment, several types of PSs can be used for diagnostic purposes for tumors. Such approaches are called photodynamic diagnosis (PDD). In this Review, we provide a general overview of the clinical applications of PDT in cancer, including the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Assessment of PDT therapeutic efficacy in the clinic will be discussed, since identifying predictors to determine the response to treatment is crucial. In addition, examples of PDT in various types of tumors will be discussed. Furthermore, combination of PDT with other therapy modalities such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery and immunotherapy will be emphasized, since such approaches seem to be promising in terms of enhancing effectiveness against tumor. The combination of PDT with other treatments may yield better results than by single treatments. Moreover, the utilization of lower doses in a combination therapy setting may cause less side effects and better results than single therapy. A better understanding of the effectiveness of PDT in a combination setting in the clinic as well as the optimization of such complex multimodal treatments may expand the clinical applications of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M. Emre Gedik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seylan Ayan
- Department of Chemistry, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Yue J, Li L, Jiang C, Mei Q, Dong WF, Yan R. Riboflavin-based carbon dots with high singlet oxygen generation for photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7972-7978. [PMID: 34338706 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01291f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy, as an effective treatment for superficial tumors, has attracted more and more attention. The development of safe, biocompatible and in vivo photosensitive materials is helpful to promote photodynamic therapy. Here we report green fluorescent carbon quantum dots prepared from a natural vitamin, riboflavin (VB2), as a photosensitizer. The VB2-based carbon dots have excellent water solubility and biocompatibility, and their singlet oxygen generation ability is much stronger than that of riboflavin itself. Through endocytosis, the carbon dots can easily enter the cells and show bright green fluorescence. In vivo experiments show that after photodynamic therapy the carbon dots can significantly inhibit the growth of tumors, and will not have toxic and side effects on other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yue
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China and The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215153, P. R. China. and CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), 88 Keling Road, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China.
| | - Li Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), 88 Keling Road, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China.
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), 88 Keling Road, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China. and Jinan Guokeyigong Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jinan 250103, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), 88 Keling Road, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China.
| | - Wen-Fei Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), 88 Keling Road, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China. and Jinan Guokeyigong Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jinan 250103, P. R. China.
| | - Ruhong Yan
- The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215153, P. R. China. and CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), 88 Keling Road, Suzhou 215163, P. R. China.
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Greco A, Garoffolo G, Chiesa E, Riva F, Dorati R, Modena T, Conti B, Pesce M, Genta I. Nanotechnology, a booster for the multitarget drug verteporfin. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bienia A, Wiecheć-Cudak O, Murzyn AA, Krzykawska-Serda M. Photodynamic Therapy and Hyperthermia in Combination Treatment-Neglected Forces in the Fight against Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1147. [PMID: 34452108 PMCID: PMC8399393 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in humans. Despite the progress in cancer treatment, and an increase in the effectiveness of diagnostic methods, cancer is still highly lethal and very difficult to treat in many cases. Combination therapy, in the context of cancer treatment, seems to be a promising option that may allow minimizing treatment side effects and may have a significant impact on the cure. It may also increase the effectiveness of anti-cancer therapies. Moreover, combination treatment can significantly increase delivery of drugs to cancerous tissues. Photodynamic therapy and hyperthermia seem to be ideal examples that prove the effectiveness of combination therapy. These two kinds of therapy can kill cancer cells through different mechanisms and activate various signaling pathways. Both PDT and hyperthermia play significant roles in the perfusion of a tumor and the network of blood vessels wrapped around it. The main goal of combination therapy is to combine separate mechanisms of action that will make cancer cells more sensitive to a given therapeutic agent. Such an approach in treatment may contribute toward increasing its effectiveness, optimizing the cancer treatment process in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Martyna Krzykawska-Serda
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (A.B.); (O.W.-C.); (A.A.M.)
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Pucci C, Martinelli C, Degl'Innocenti A, Desii A, De Pasquale D, Ciofani G. Light-Activated Biomedical Applications of Chlorophyll Derivatives. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100181. [PMID: 34212510 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Tetrapyrroles are the basis of essential physiological functions in most living organisms. These compounds represent the basic scaffold of porphyrins, chlorophylls, and bacteriochlorophylls, among others. Chlorophyll derivatives, obtained by the natural or artificial degradation of chlorophylls, present unique properties, holding great potential in the scientific and medical fields. Indeed, they can act as cancer-preventing agents, antimutagens, apoptosis inducers, efficient antioxidants, as well as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory molecules. Moreover, thanks to their peculiar optical properties, they can be exploited as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy and as vision enhancers. Most of these molecules, however, are highly hydrophobic and poorly soluble in biological fluids, and may display undesired toxicity due to accumulation in healthy tissues. The advent of nanomedicine has prompted the development of nanoparticles acting as carriers for chlorophyll derivatives, facilitating their targeted administration with demonstrated applicability in diagnosis and therapy. In this review, the chemical and physical properties of chlorophyll derivatives that justify their usage in the biomedical field, with particular regard to light-activated dynamics are described. Their role as antioxidants and photoactive agents are discussed, introducing the most recent nanomedical applications and focusing on inorganic and organic nanocarriers exploited in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Pucci
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy
| | - Chiara Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Andrea Degl'Innocenti
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy
| | - Andrea Desii
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy
| | - Daniele De Pasquale
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy
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Schneider L, Kalt M, Larocca M, Babu V, Spingler B. Potent PBS/Polysorbate-Soluble Transplatin-Derived Porphyrin-Based Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9416-9426. [PMID: 34115484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we addressed an important drawback of our previously reported tetraplatinated (metallo)porphyrin-based photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT), namely, the poor solubility in aqueous media. We aimed to create tetraplatinated porphyrin-based PSs that are soluble in aqueous media modified with polysorbate (Tween) and do not need to be pre-dissolved in organic solvents. A structural optimization of the previously reported PSs resulted in the synthesis of an extremely potent novel porphyrin-based PS. The novel PS displays effective phototoxicity upon light irradiation against multicellular tumor spheroids and has a phototoxic index (PI) of 6030 in HeLa cells. This PI value is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest value reported for any porphyrin so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Kalt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michele Larocca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vipin Babu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Spingler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Significant difference in response of malignant tumor cells of individual patients to photodynamic treatment as revealed by digital holographic microscopy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 221:112235. [PMID: 34126589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of in-vitro response of cell cultures derived from tumor material of individual patients with similar tumor localizations to photodynamic treatment is presented. Tumor types included in the research were renal cell carcinoma, melanoma and alveolar, synovial, lypo- and osteo- sarcomas. Long-term observations of treatment-induced morphological changes in cells were performed by means of digital holographic microscopy. A substantial variance in response of cells of individual patients with similar tumor types and localizations to photodynamic treatment with the same dose has been observed. These peculiarities are indicative of the demand to personalized protocols of photodynamic treatment. The elevated resistance of cells of some patients to treatment at high doses highlights potential limitations of photodynamic therapy for some patients. Digital holographic microscopy is shown to be an informative label-free noninvasive tool allowing for long-term monitoring of cell samples in vitro and providing quantitative information on necrosis rate and loss of cellular dry mass. The developed methodology can be generalized for analysis of cellular response to various therapies.
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Dong W, Li K, Wang S, Qiu L, Liu Q, Xie M, Lin J. Targeted Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) of Lung Cancer with Biotinylated Silicon (IV) Phthalocyanine. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:414-422. [PMID: 32386488 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200510001627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in the world. Traditional cancer therapies prolong the life expectancy of patients but often suffer from adverse reactions. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has been recommended as a treatment option for lung cancer in several countries, due to its non-invasive procedures, high selectivity and weak side effects. OBJECTIVE We have designed and synthesized a biotin receptor-targeted silicon phthalocyanine (IV) (compound 1) which showed a good therapeutic effect on biotin receptor-positive tumors. Since the overexpression of Biotin Receptor (BR) is also present in human lung cancer cells (A549), we explored the therapeutic properties of compound 1 on A549 xenograft tumor models. METHODS The selectivity of compound 1 toward A549 cells was studied with a fluorescence microscope and IVIS Spectrum Imaging System. The cytotoxicity was measured using the MTT assay. In vivo anti-tumor activity was investigated on the nude mice bearing A549 xenografts. RESULTS In vitro assays proved that compound 1 could selectively accumulate in A549 cells via the BR-mediated internalization. In vivo imaging and distribution experiments showed that compound 1 could selectively accumulate in tumor tissues of tumor-bearing mice. After 16 days of the treatment, the volumes of tumor in the PDT group were obviously smaller than that in other groups. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that compound 1 is a promising photosensitizer and has broad application prospects in clinical PDT of lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Ke Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Qingzhu Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Minhao Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
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Garcia Diosa JA, Gonzalez Orive A, Weinberger C, Schwiderek S, Knust S, Tiemann M, Grundmeier G, Keller A, Camargo Amado RJ. TiO 2 nanoparticle coatings on glass surfaces for the selective trapping of leukemia cells from peripheral blood. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 109:2142-2153. [PMID: 33982864 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using TiO2 nanoparticles has become an important alternative treatment for different types of cancer due to their high photocatalytic activity and high absorption of UV-A light. To potentiate this treatment, we have coated commercial glass plates with TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by the sol-gel method (TiO2 -m), which exhibit a remarkable selectivity for the irreversible trapping of cancer cells. The physicochemical properties of the deposited TiO2 -m nanoparticle coatings have been characterized by a number of complementary surface-analytical techniques and their interaction with leukemia and healthy blood cells were investigated. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy verify the formation of a compact layer of TiO2 -m nanoparticles. The particles are predominantly in the anatase phase and have hydroxyl-terminated surfaces as revealed by Raman, X-ray photoelectron, and infrared spectroscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction. We find that lymphoblastic leukemia cells adhere to the TiO2 -m coating and undergo amoeboid-like migration, whereas lymphocytic cells show distinctly weaker interactions with the coating. This evidences the potential of this nanomaterial coating to selectively trap cancer cells and renders it a promising candidate for the development of future prototypes of PDT devices for the treatment of leukemia and other types of cancers with non-adherent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Gonzalez Orive
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Nanotechnology Institute, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Sabrina Schwiderek
- Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Steffen Knust
- Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Michael Tiemann
- Inorganic Chemistry, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Guido Grundmeier
- Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Adrian Keller
- Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
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Traylor JI, Pernik MN, Sternisha AC, McBrayer SK, Abdullah KG. Molecular and Metabolic Mechanisms Underlying Selective 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Induced Fluorescence in Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030580. [PMID: 33540759 PMCID: PMC7867275 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a medication that produces fluorescence in certain cancers, which enables surgeons to visualize tumor margins during surgery. Gliomas are brain tumors that can be difficult to fully resect due to their infiltrative nature. In this review we explored what is known about the mechanism of 5-ALA, recent discoveries that increase our understanding of that mechanism, and potential targets to increase fluorescence in lower grade gliomas. Abstract 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a porphyrin precursor in the heme synthesis pathway. When supplied exogenously, certain cancers consume 5-ALA and convert it to the fluorogenic metabolite protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), causing tumor-specific tissue fluorescence. Preoperative administration of 5-ALA is used to aid neurosurgical resection of high-grade gliomas such as glioblastoma, allowing for increased extent of resection and progression free survival for these patients. A subset of gliomas, especially low-grade tumors, do not accumulate PpIX intracellularly or readily fluoresce upon 5-ALA administration, making gross total resection difficult to achieve in diffuse lesions. We review existing literature on 5-ALA metabolism and PpIX accumulation to explore potential mechanisms of 5-ALA-induced glioma tissue fluorescence. Targeting the heme synthesis pathway and understanding its dysregulation in malignant tissues could aid the development of adjunct therapies to increase intraoperative fluorescence after 5-ALA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey I. Traylor
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (J.I.T.); (M.N.P.)
| | - Mark N. Pernik
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (J.I.T.); (M.N.P.)
| | - Alex C. Sternisha
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Samuel K. McBrayer
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
- Correspondence: (S.K.M.); (K.G.A.); Tel.: +1-(214)-648-3730 (S.K.M.); +1-(214)-645-2300 (K.G.A.)
| | - Kalil G. Abdullah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; (J.I.T.); (M.N.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.M.); (K.G.A.); Tel.: +1-(214)-648-3730 (S.K.M.); +1-(214)-645-2300 (K.G.A.)
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Wang K, Yu B, Pathak JL. An update in clinical utilization of photodynamic therapy for lung cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:1154-1160. [PMID: 33442413 PMCID: PMC7797657 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, with nearly 1.8 million-diagnosis and 1.59 million deaths. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy in individual or combination are commonly used to treat lung cancers. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a highly selective method for the destruction of cancer cells by exerting cytotoxic activity on malignant cells. PDT has been the subject of numerous clinical studies and has proven to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy. Clinical studies revealed that PDT could prolong survival in patients with inoperable cancers and significantly improve quality of life. For inoperable lung cancer cases, PDT could be an effective therapy. Despite the clinical success reported, PDT is still currently underutilized to treat lung cancer and other tumors. PTD is still a new treatment approach for lung cancer mainly due to the lack of enough clinical research evaluating its' effectiveness and side effects. In this review, we discuss the current prospects and future potentials of PDT in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- International Medicine Center, Tianjin Hospital, 406 south of JieFang road, HeXi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Boxin Yu
- International Medicine Center, Tianjin Hospital, 406 south of JieFang road, HeXi District, Tianjin, China
| | - Janak L. Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
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Zhang G, Wang W, Zou H, Wei Z, Song C, Ran J, Cao Z, Cai Y, Han W. Novel semiconducting nano-agents incorporating tirapazamine for imaging guided synergistic cancer hypoxia activated photo-chemotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5318-5328. [PMID: 34231629 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00659b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For cancer treatment, the traditional monotherapy has the problems of low drug utilization rate, poor efficacy and easy recurrence of the cancer. Herein, nanoparticles (NPs) based on a novel semiconducting molecule (ITTC) are developed with excellent photostability, high photothermal conversion efficiency and good 1O2 generation ability. The chemotherapy of the hypoxia-activated prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ) was improved accordingly after oxygen consumption by the photodynamic therapy of ITTC NPs. Additionally, the metabolic process of ITTC NPs in vivo could be monitored in real time for fluorescence imaging guided phototherapy, which presented great passive targeting ability to the tumor site. Remarkably, both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the combination of ITTC NPs and TPZ presented excellent synergistic tumor ablation through photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy and hypoxia-activated chemotherapy with great potential for clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorong Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China and Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Weixiang Wang
- Fourth Clinical Division, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China and Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Huihui Zou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China. and Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China and Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanhui Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China. and Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianchuan Ran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China. and Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Zichen Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China. and Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China. and Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China
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Liu R, Gao Y, Liu N, Suo Y. Nanoparticles loading porphyrin sensitizers in improvement of photodynamic therapy for ovarian cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102156. [PMID: 33352314 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer, the malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate in gynecological tumors, leads to a poor prognosis due to tumor metastasis. At present, the main treatment for ovarian cancer is the combination of cytoreduction surgery and chemotherapy. But the surgery is insufficient to solve the extensive transfer of tumor in the abdominal cavity and a large proportion of ovarian cancer cases have shown resistance to chemotherapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a viable treatment option for a wide range of applications, especially in malignant tumors. Porphyrin sensitizers, as the most widely used photosensitive agents, have the following advantages: short photosensitive period and high singlet oxygen production. However, most studies have found that it is difficult to achieve high loading rates of photosensitive agents, thus effective concentration in target tissue is suboptimal and the lethal ability is greatly reduced. In this article, we review several studies that nanoparticles loading porphyrin sensitizers for photodynamic therapy of ovarian cancer. METHODS We collected relevant literature from PUBMED and reviewed their research content. RESULTS The application of nanotechnology to PDT in ovarian cancer can reduce the non-specific toxicity of photosensitive agents and increase stability and delivery efficiency. CONCLUSIONS The combination with nanotechnology can cover the shortcomings of photodynamic therapy, but the specific efficacy still needs a large number of experiments to prove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Nannan Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Yuping Suo
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
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Wang L, Liu Y, Liu H, Tian H, Wang Y, Zhang G, Lei Y, Xue L, Zheng B, Fan T, Zheng Y, Tan F, Xue Q, Gao S, Li C, He J. The therapeutic significance of the novel photodynamic material TPE-IQ-2O in tumors. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:1383-1409. [PMID: 33472175 PMCID: PMC7835032 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapies based on photodynamic therapy (PDT) have received much attention in various cancers due to their strong therapeutic effects. Here, we aimed to explore the safety and effectiveness of a new mitochondria-targeting photodynamic material, TPE-IQ-2O, in combination therapies (combined with surgery or immunotherapy). The safety and effectiveness of TPE-IQ-2O PDT were verified with cytotoxicity evaluation in vitro and a zebrafish xenograft model in vivo, respectively. The effectiveness of TPE-IQ-2O PDT combined with surgery or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) was verified in tumor-bearing mice. Small animal in vivo imaging, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry were used to determine the underlying mechanism. TPE-IQ-2O PDT can not only reduce tumor recurrence in surgical treatment but also effectively improve the response to ICIs in immunotherapy without obvious toxicity. It was also found to ameliorate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and promote the antitumor immunity induced by ICIs by increasing CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte accumulation. Thus, TPE-IQ-2O PDT is a safe and effective antitumor therapy that can be combined with surgery or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hengchang Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yalong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guochao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Liyan Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Kirino I, Fujita K, Sakanoue K, Sugita R, Yamagishi K, Takeoka S, Fujie T, Uemoto S, Morimoto Y. Metronomic photodynamic therapy using an implantable LED device and orally administered 5-aminolevulinic acid. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22017. [PMID: 33328544 PMCID: PMC7744509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT) is a form of PDT that induces cancer cell death by intermittent continuous irradiation with a relatively weak power of light for a long duration (several days). We previously developed a wirelessly powered, fully implantable LED device and reported a significant anti-tumor effect of mPDT. Considering application in clinical practice, the method used for repeated administrations of photosensitizers required for mPDT should not have a high patient burden such as the burden of transvenous administration. Therefore, in this study, we selected 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), which can be administered orally, as a photosensitizer, and we studied the antitumor effects of mPDT. In mice with intradermal tumors that were orally administered ALA (200 mg/kg daily for 5 days), the tumor in each mouse was simultaneously irradiated (8 h/day for 5 days) using a wirelessly powered implantable green LED device (532 nm, 0.05 mW). Tumor growth in the mPDT-treated mice was suppressed by about half compared to that in untreated mice. The results showed that mPDT using the wirelessly powered implantable LED device exerted an antitumor effect even with the use of orally administered ALA, and this treatment scheme can reduce the burden of photosensitizer administration for a patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Kirino
- Department of Physiology, National Defense Medical College, Namiki 3-2, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
- Division of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Fujita
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Rin Sugita
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kento Yamagishi
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Takeoka
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinori Fujie
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Uemoto
- Division of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Morimoto
- Department of Physiology, National Defense Medical College, Namiki 3-2, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
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90
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Enhanced Malignant Phenotypes of Glioblastoma Cells Surviving NPe6-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy are Regulated via ERK1/2 Activation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123641. [PMID: 33291680 PMCID: PMC7761910 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To manage refractory and invasive glioblastomas (GBM)s, photodynamic therapy (PDT) using talaporfin sodium (NPe6) (NPe6-PDT) was recently approved in clinical practice. However, the molecular machineries regulating resistance against NPe6-PDT in GBMs and mechanisms underlying the changes in GBM phenotypes following NPe6-PDT remain unknown. Herein, we established an in vitro NPe6-mediated PDT model using human GBM cell lines. NPe6-PDT induced GBM cell death in a NPe6 dose-dependent manner. However, this NPe6-PDT-induced GBM cell death was not completely blocked by the pan-caspase inhibitor, suggesting NPe6-PDT induces both caspase-dependent and -independent cell death. Moreover, treatment with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor blocked NPe6-PDT-triggered caspase-independent GBM cell death. Next, it was also revealed resistance to re-NPe6-PDT of GBM cells and GBM stem cells survived following NPe6-PDT (NPe6-PDT-R cells), as well as migration and invasion of NPe6-PDT-R cells were enhanced. Immunoblotting of NPe6-PDT-R cells to assess the behavior of the proteins that are known to be stress-induced revealed that only ERK1/2 activation exhibited the same trend as migration. Importantly, treatment with the MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib reversed resistance against re-NPe6-PDT and suppressed the enhanced migration and invasion of NPe6-PDT-R cells. Overall, enhanced ERK1/2 activation is suggested as a key regulator of elevated malignant phenotypes of GBM cells surviving NPe6-PDT and is therefore considered as a potential therapeutic target against GBM.
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91
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Gao X, Wang Q, Cheng C, Lin S, Lin T, Liu C, Han X. The Application of Prussian Blue Nanoparticles in Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E6905. [PMID: 33287186 PMCID: PMC7730465 DOI: 10.3390/s20236905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) have attracted increasing research interest in immunosensors, bioimaging, drug delivery, and application as therapeutic agents due to their large internal pore volume, tunable size, easy synthesis and surface modification, good thermal stability, and favorable biocompatibility. This review first outlines the effect of tumor markers using PBNPs-based immunosensors which have a sandwich-type architecture and competitive-type structure. Metal ion doped PBNPs which were used as T1-weight magnetic resonance and photoacoustic imaging agents to improve image quality and surface modified PBNPs which were used as drug carriers to decrease side effects via passive or active targeting to tumor sites are also summarized. Moreover, the PBNPs with high photothermal efficiency and excellent catalase-like activity were promising for photothermal therapy and O2 self-supplied photodynamic therapy of tumors. Hence, PBNPs-based multimodal imaging-guided combinational tumor therapies (such as chemo, photothermal, and photodynamic therapies) were finally reviewed. This review aims to inspire broad interest in the rational design and application of PBNPs for detecting and treating tumors in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cui Cheng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (X.G.); (Q.W.); (S.L.); (T.L.); (C.L.); (X.H.)
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Zhao L, Choi J, Lu Y, Kim SY. NIR Photoregulated Theranostic System Based on Hexagonal-Phase Upconverting Nanoparticles for Tumor-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy and Fluorescence Imaging. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2332. [PMID: 33255734 PMCID: PMC7760611 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective, minimally invasive therapeutic modality with advantages in highly localized and specific tumor treatments, large and deep-seated cancers within the body cannot be successfully treated due to low transparency to visible light. To improve the therapeutic efficiency of tumor treatment in deep tissue and reduce the side effects in normal tissue, this study developed a near-infrared (NIR)-triggered upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-based photosensitizer (PS) carrier as a new theranostics system. The NaYF4:Yb/Er UCNPs were synthesized by a hydrothermal method, producing nanoparticles of a uniformly small size (≈20 nm) and crystalline morphology of the hexagonal phase. These UCNPs were modified with folic acid-conjugated biocompatible block copolymers through a bidentate dihydrolipoic acid linker. The polymer modified hexagonal phase UCNPs (FA-PEAH-UCNPs) showed an improved dispersibility in the aqueous solution and strong NIR-to-vis upconversion fluorescence. The hydrophobic PS, pheophorbide a (Pha), was then conjugated to the stable vectors. Moreover, these UCNP-based Pha carriers containing tumor targeting folic acid ligands exhibited the significantly enhanced cellular uptake efficiency as well as PDT treatment efficiency. These results suggested that this system could extend the excitation wavelength of PDT to the NIR region and effectively improve therapeutic efficiency of PSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China;
| | - Jongseon Choi
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Yan Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China;
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
- Department of Chemical Engineering Education, College of Education, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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93
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Nogueira L, Tracey AT, Alvim R, Reisz P, Scherz A, Coleman JA, Kim K. Developments in Vascular-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy for Urologic Malignancies. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225417. [PMID: 33228126 PMCID: PMC7699359 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
With improved understanding of cancer biology and technical advancements in non-invasive management of urological malignancies, there is renewed interest in photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a means of focal cancer treatment. The application of PDT has also broadened as a result of development of better-tolerated and more effective photosensitizers. Vascular-targeted PDT (VTP) using padeliporfin, which is a water-soluble chlorophyll derivative, allows for tumor-specific cytotoxicity and has demonstrated efficacy in the management of urologic malignancies. Herein, we describe the evolution of photodynamic therapy in urologic oncology and the role of VTP in emerging treatment paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Nogueira
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (L.N.); (A.T.T.); (R.A.); (P.R.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Andrew T. Tracey
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (L.N.); (A.T.T.); (R.A.); (P.R.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Ricardo Alvim
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (L.N.); (A.T.T.); (R.A.); (P.R.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Peter Reisz
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (L.N.); (A.T.T.); (R.A.); (P.R.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Avigdor Scherz
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel;
| | - Jonathan A. Coleman
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (L.N.); (A.T.T.); (R.A.); (P.R.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Kwanghee Kim
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-646-422-4432; Fax: +1-212-452-3323
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94
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Evaluation of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Porphyrin Derivatives on Photodynamic Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214965. [PMID: 33120986 PMCID: PMC7662523 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) is a promising scaffold to be used as delivery system. POSS can modify the properties of photosensitizers to enhance their efficacy toward photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this work, we designed, synthesized and characterized five different POSS porphyrin (POSSPs 1–5) derivatives containing hydrophobic (1–3) and hydrophilic (4 and 5) functional groups. In general, all the POSSPs showed a better singlet oxygen quantum yield than the parent porphyrins due to the steric hindrance from the POSS unique structure. POSSPs 1 and 3 containing isobutyl groups showed better PDT performance in cancer cells at lower concentrations than POSSPs 4 and 5. However; at higher concentrations, the POSSP4 containing hydrophilic groups has an enhanced PDT efficiency as compared with the parent porphyrin. We envision that the chemical tunability of POSSs can be used as a promising option to improve the delivery and performance of photosensitizers.
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95
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de França BM, Ghasemishahrestani Z, de Souza GFM, da Silva RN, Queiroz DD, Pierre MBR, Pereira MD, Forero JSB, Corrêa RJ. In vitro Studies of Antitumor Effect, Toxicity/Cytotoxicity and Skin Permeation/Retention of a Green Fluorescence Pyrene-based Dye for PDT Application. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 97:408-415. [PMID: 32967040 DOI: 10.1111/php.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photosensitizers (PS) are compounds that can generate reactive oxygen species under irradiation of appropriate light and are widely used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Currently, topical PDT is an effective treatment for several skin diseases, including bacterial infections, fungal mycoses and psoriasis. In addition, PDT is also used to treat nonmelanoma skin cancer and can be a potential tool for melanoma, associated with other treatments. In this work, we evaluated the antitumor photoactivity of a new pyrene-based PS (TPPy) by using the murine melanoma cell line (B16F10). The in vitro permeation/retention tests in porcine ear skin were also performed in order to evaluate the potential application of the PS for topical use in skin cancer. Moreover, to determine the toxicity in vivo, we used the Galleria mellonella as an alternative animal model of study. The results showed that TPPy is a promising PS for application in PDT, with potential antitumor photoactivity (IC50 6.5 μmol L-1 ), absence of toxicity in the G. mellonella model at higher concentration (70.0 mmol L-1 ) and the accumulation tendency in the epidermis plus dermis sites (165.20 ± 4.12 ng cm-2 ).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daniela Dias Queiroz
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Dias Pereira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo José Corrêa
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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96
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Han L, Wang Y, Huang X, Liu F, Ma C, Feng F, Zhang J, Liu W, Qu W, Pang H, Xue J. Specific-oxygen-supply functionalized core-shell nanoparticles for smart mutual-promotion between photodynamic therapy and gambogic acid-induced chemotherapy. Biomaterials 2020; 257:120228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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97
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A Comprehensive Narrative Review on the Evolving Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Focal Solid Liver Lesions Diagnosis and Management. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10090688. [PMID: 32932960 PMCID: PMC7554970 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The implications of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have expanded considerably in recent years to cover more fields in invasive gastroenterology practice, as both an investigative and therapeutic modality. The utility of EUS in the diagnosis and management of focal liver lesions has gained a special attractiveness recently. The EUS probe proximity to the liver and its excellent spatial resolution enables real-time images coupled with several enhancement techniques, such as contrast-enhanced (CE) EUS. Aside from its notable capability to execute targeted biopsies and therapeutic interventions, EUS has developed into a hopeful therapeutic tool for the management of solid liver lesions. Herein, we provide a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on the efficacy and safety of EUS in the diagnosis and management of focal solid liver lesions. Medline/PubMed and Embase database searches were conducted by two separate authors (T.K. and W.S.), all relevant studies were assessed, and relevant data was extracted and fully reported. EUS-guided diagnosis of focal liver lesions by sonographic morphologic appearance and cytological and histopathological finding of biopsies obtained via fine needle aspiration/biopsy have been shown to significantly improve the diagnosis of solid liver lesions compared with traditional imaging tools. Similarly, EUS-guided treatment has been shown to consistently have excellent technical success, high efficacy, and minor adverse events. The evolving valuable evidences of EUS utility might satisfy the unmet need of optimizing management of focal solid liver lesions.
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Sun Y, Zhao D, Wang G, Wang Y, Cao L, Sun J, Jiang Q, He Z. Recent progress of hypoxia-modulated multifunctional nanomedicines to enhance photodynamic therapy: opportunities, challenges, and future development. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1382-1396. [PMID: 32963938 PMCID: PMC7488364 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a salient feature of most solid tumors, confers invasiveness and resistance to the tumor cells. Oxygen-consumption photodynamic therapy (PDT) suffers from the undesirable impediment of local hypoxia in tumors. Moreover, PDT could further worsen hypoxia. Therefore, developing effective strategies for manipulating hypoxia and improving the effectiveness of PDT has been a focus on antitumor treatment. In this review, the mechanism and relationship of tumor hypoxia and PDT are discussed. Moreover, we highlight recent trends in the field of nanomedicines to modulate hypoxia for enhancing PDT, such as oxygen supply systems, down-regulation of oxygen consumption and hypoxia utilization. Finally, the opportunities and challenges are put forward to facilitate the development and clinical transformation of PDT.
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Key Words
- 3O2, molecular oxygen
- APCs, antigen-presenting cells
- AQ4N, banoxantrone
- CaO2, calcium dioxide
- Cancer
- Ce6, chlorin e6
- CeO2, cerium oxide
- DC, dendritic cells
- DDS, drug delivery system
- DOX, doxorubicin
- EPR, enhanced permeability and retention
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- H2O, water
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α
- HSA, human serum albumin
- Hb, hemoglobin
- Hypoxia
- MB, methylene blue
- MDR1, multidrug resistance 1
- MDSC, myeloid derived suppressive cells
- Mn-CDs, magnetofluorescent manganese-carbon dots
- MnO2, manganese dioxide
- NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance
- Nanomedicine delivery systems
- O2.−, superoxide anion
- OH., hydroxyl radical
- Oxygen
- PDT, photodynamic therapy
- PFC, perfluorocarbon
- PFH, perfluoroethane
- PS, photosensitizers
- Photodynamic therapy
- RBCs, red blood cells
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- TAM, tumor-associated macrophages
- TPZ, tirapazamine
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dongyang Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Linlin Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qikun Jiang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Aslanoglu B, Yakavets I, Zorin V, Lassalle HP, Ingrosso F, Monari A, Catak S. Optical properties of photodynamic therapy drugs in different environments: the paradigmatic case of temoporfin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:16956-16964. [PMID: 32672774 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02055a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Computational tools have been used to study the photophysical and photochemical features of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) - a minimally invasive, less aggressive alternative for cancer treatment. PDT is mainly based on the activation of molecular oxygen through the action of a photoexcited sensitizer (photosensitizer). Temoporfin, widely known as mTHPC, is a second-generation photosensitizer, which produces the cytotoxic singlet oxygen when irradiated with visible light and hence destroys tumor cells. However, the bioavailability of the mostly hydrophobic photosensitizer, and hence its incorporation into cells, is fundamental to achieve the desired effect on malignant tissues via PDT. In this study, we focus on the optical properties of the temoporfin chromophore in different environments -in vacuo, in solution, encapsulated in drug delivery agents, namely cyclodextrin, and interacting with a lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busenur Aslanoglu
- Bogazici University, Department of Chemistry, Bebek 34342, Istanbul, Turkey.
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100
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Kook MS, Lee CM, Jeong YI, Kim BH. Nanophotosensitizers for Folate Receptor-Targeted and Redox-Sensitive Delivery of Chlorin E6 against Cancer Cells. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13122810. [PMID: 32580439 PMCID: PMC7344700 DOI: 10.3390/ma13122810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, FA-PEG3500-ss-Ce6tri copolymer was synthesized to deliver photosensitizers via redox-sensitive and folate receptor-specific manner. Folic acid (FA) was attached to amine end of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG3500) (FA-PEG3500 conjugates) and cystamine-conjugated chlorin e6 (Ce6) (Ce6-cystamine conjugates). FA-PEG3500 was further conjugated with Ce6-cystamine to produce FA-PEG3500-ss-Ce6 conjugates. To the remaining amine end group of Ce6-cystamine conjugates, Ce6 was attached to produce FA-PEG3500-ss-Ce6tri. Nanophotosensitizers of FA-PEG3500-ss-Ce6tri copolymer were smaller than 200 nm. Their shapes were disintegrated by treatment with GSH and then Ce6 released by GSH-dependent manner. Compared to Ce6 alone, FA-PEG3500-ss-Ce6tri copolymer nanophotosensitizers recorded higher Ce6 uptake ratio, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cellular cytotoxicity against KB and YD-38 cells. The in vitro and in vivo study approved that delivery of nanophotosensitizers is achieved by folate receptor-sensitive manner. These results indicated that FA-PEG3500-ss-Ce6tri copolymer nanophotosensitizers are superior candidate for treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Suk Kook
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
| | - Young-Il Jeong
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongnam 50612, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-I.J.); (B.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-10-9212-9859 (Y.-I.J.); +82-62-230-6447 (B.-H.K.)
| | - Byung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
- Correspondence: (Y.-I.J.); (B.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-10-9212-9859 (Y.-I.J.); +82-62-230-6447 (B.-H.K.)
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