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Pereira C, Mazein A, Farinha CM, Gray MA, Kunzelmann K, Ostaszewski M, Balaur I, Amaral MD, Falcao AO. CyFi-MAP: an interactive pathway-based resource for cystic fibrosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22223. [PMID: 34782688 PMCID: PMC8592983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening autosomal recessive disease caused by more than 2100 mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, generating variability in disease severity among individuals with CF sharing the same CFTR genotype. Systems biology can assist in the collection and visualization of CF data to extract additional biological significance and find novel therapeutic targets. Here, we present the CyFi-MAP-a disease map repository of CFTR molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in CF. Specifically, we represented the wild-type (wt-CFTR) and the F508del associated processes (F508del-CFTR) in separate submaps, with pathways related to protein biosynthesis, endoplasmic reticulum retention, export, activation/inactivation of channel function, and recycling/degradation after endocytosis. CyFi-MAP is an open-access resource with specific, curated and continuously updated information on CFTR-related pathways available online at https://cysticfibrosismap.github.io/ . This tool was developed as a reference CF pathway data repository to be continuously updated and used worldwide in CF research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Pereira
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- LASIGE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexander Mazein
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, 4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- CIRI UMR5308, CNRS-ENS-UCBL-INSERM, European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Université de Lyon, 50 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Carlos M Farinha
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael A Gray
- Biosciences Institute, University Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | | | - Marek Ostaszewski
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, 4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Irina Balaur
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, 4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- CIRI UMR5308, CNRS-ENS-UCBL-INSERM, European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Université de Lyon, 50 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andre O Falcao
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
- LASIGE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Strub MD, Gao L, Tan K, McCray PB. Analysis of multiple gene co-expression networks to discover interactions favoring CFTR biogenesis and ΔF508-CFTR rescue. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:258. [PMID: 34717611 PMCID: PMC8557508 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that expression of a miR-138 mimic or knockdown of SIN3A in primary cultures of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway epithelia increased ΔF508-CFTR mRNA and protein levels, and partially restored CFTR-dependent chloride transport. Global mRNA transcript profiling in ΔF508-CFBE cells treated with miR-138 mimic or SIN3A siRNA identified two genes, SYVN1 and NEDD8, whose inhibition significantly increased ΔF508-CFTR trafficking, maturation, and function. Little is known regarding the dynamic changes in the CFTR gene network during such rescue events. We hypothesized that analysis of condition-specific gene networks from transcriptomic data characterizing ΔF508-CFTR rescue could help identify dynamic gene modules associated with CFTR biogenesis. METHODS We applied a computational method, termed M-module, to analyze multiple gene networks, each of which exhibited differential activity compared to a baseline condition. In doing so, we identified both unique and shared gene pathways across multiple differential networks. To construct differential networks, gene expression data from CFBE cells were divided into three groups: (1) siRNA inhibition of NEDD8 and SYVN1; (2) miR-138 mimic and SIN3A siRNA; and (3) temperature (27 °C for 24 h, 40 °C for 24 h, and 27 °C for 24 h followed by 40 °C for 24 h). RESULTS Interrogation of individual networks (e.g., NEDD8/SYVN1 network), combinations of two networks (e.g., NEDD8/SYVN1 + temperature networks), and all three networks yielded sets of 1-modules, 2-modules, and 3-modules, respectively. Gene ontology analysis revealed significant enrichment of dynamic modules in pathways including translation, protein metabolic/catabolic processes, protein complex assembly, and endocytosis. Candidate CFTR effectors identified in the analysis included CHURC1, GZF1, and RPL15, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of these genes partially restored CFTR-dependent transepithelial chloride current to ΔF508-CFBE cells. CONCLUSIONS The ability of the M-module to identify dynamic modules involved in ΔF508 rescue provides a novel approach for studying CFTR biogenesis and identifying candidate suppressors of ΔF508.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Strub
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, 6320 PBDB, 169 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Long Gao
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kai Tan
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Paul B McCray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, 6320 PBDB, 169 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA.
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53
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Control of membrane protein homeostasis by a chaperone-like glial cell adhesion molecule at multiple subcellular locations. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18435. [PMID: 34531445 PMCID: PMC8446001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The significance of crosstalks among constituents of plasma membrane protein clusters/complexes in cellular proteostasis and protein quality control (PQC) remains incompletely understood. Examining the glial (enriched) cell adhesion molecule (CAM), we demonstrate its chaperone-like role in the biosynthetic processing of the megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cyst 1 (MLC1)-heteromeric regulatory membrane protein complex, as well as the function of the GlialCAM/MLC1 signalling complex. We show that in the absence of GlialCAM, newly synthesized MLC1 molecules remain unfolded and are susceptible to polyubiquitination-dependent proteasomal degradation at the endoplasmic reticulum. At the plasma membrane, GlialCAM regulates the diffusional partitioning and endocytic dynamics of cluster members, including the ClC-2 chloride channel and MLC1. Impaired folding and/or expression of GlialCAM or MLC1 in the presence of diseases causing mutations, as well as plasma membrane tethering compromise the functional expression of the cluster, leading to compromised endo-lysosomal organellar identity. In addition, the enlarged endo-lysosomal compartments display accelerated acidification, ubiquitinated cargo-sorting and impaired endosomal recycling. Jointly, these observations indicate an essential and previously unrecognized role for CAM, where GliaCAM functions as a PQC factor for the MLC1 signalling complex biogenesis and possess a permissive role in the membrane dynamic and cargo sorting functions with implications in modulations of receptor signalling.
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54
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Dias C, Nita E, Faktor J, Tynan AC, Hernychova L, Vojtesek B, Nylandsted J, Hupp TR, Kunath T, Ball KL. CHIP-dependent regulation of the actin cytoskeleton is linked to neuronal cell membrane integrity. iScience 2021; 24:102878. [PMID: 34401662 PMCID: PMC8350547 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CHIP is an E3-ubiquitin ligase that contributes to healthy aging and has been characterized as neuroprotective. To elucidate dominant CHIP-dependent changes in protein steady-state levels in a patient-derived human neuronal model, CHIP function was ablated using gene-editing and an unbiased proteomic analysis conducted to compare knock-out and wild-type isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical neurons. Rather than a broad effect on protein homeostasis, loss of CHIP function impacted on a focused cohort of proteins from actin cytoskeleton signaling and membrane integrity networks. In support of the proteomics, CHIP knockout cells had enhanced sensitivity to induced membrane damage. We conclude that the major readout of CHIP function in cortical neurons derived from iPSC of a patient with elevate α-synuclein, Parkinson's disease and dementia, is the modulation of substrates involved in maintaining cellular "health". Thus, regulation of the actin cytoskeletal and membrane integrity likely contributes to the neuroprotective function(s) of CHIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Dias
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Erisa Nita
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jakub Faktor
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ailish C. Tynan
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lenka Hernychova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borivoj Vojtesek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jesper Nylandsted
- Membrane Integrity Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ted R. Hupp
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tilo Kunath
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Kathryn L. Ball
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
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Luan H, Bailey TA, Clubb RJ, Mohapatra BC, Bhat AM, Chakraborty S, Islam N, Mushtaq I, Storck MD, Raja SM, Band V, Band H. CHIP/STUB1 Ubiquitin Ligase Functions as a Negative Regulator of ErbB2 by Promoting Its Early Post-Biosynthesis Degradation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163936. [PMID: 34439093 PMCID: PMC8391510 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Overexpressed ErbB2/HER2 receptor drives up to a quarter of breast cancers. One aspect of ErbB2 biology that is poorly understood is how it reaches the cell surface following biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, the authors show that the CHIP (C-terminus of HSC70-Interacting protein)/STUB1 (STIP1-homologous U-Box containing protein 1) protein targets the newly synthesized ErbB2 for ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation in the ER and Golgi, identifying a novel mechanism that negatively regulates cell surface expression of ErbB2. These findings provide one explanation for frequent loss of CHIP expression is ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancers. The authors further show that ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells with low CHIP expression exhibit higher ER stress inducibility, and ER stress-inducing anticancer drug Bortezomib synergizes with ErbB2-targeted humanized antibody Trastuzumab to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. These new insights suggest that reduced CHIP expression may specify ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancers suitable for combined treatment with Trastuzumab and ER stress inducing agents. Abstract Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family member ErbB2 (HER2) drives oncogenesis in up to 25% of invasive breast cancers. ErbB2 expression at the cell surface is required for oncogenesis but mechanisms that ensure the optimal cell surface display of overexpressed ErbB2 following its biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum are poorly understood. ErbB2 is dependent on continuous association with HSP90 molecular chaperone for its stability and function as an oncogenic driver. Here, we use knockdown and overexpression studies to show that the HSP90/HSC70-interacting negative co-chaperone CHIP (C-terminus of HSC70-Interacting protein)/STUB1 (STIP1-homologous U-Box containing protein 1) targets the newly synthesized, HSP90/HSC70-associated, ErbB2 for ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, thus identifying a novel mechanism that negatively regulates cell surface ErbB2 levels in breast cancer cells, consistent with frequent loss of CHIP expression previously reported in ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancers. ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells with low CHIP expression exhibited higher endoplasmic reticulum stress inducibility. Accordingly, the endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducing anticancer drug Bortezomib combined with ErbB2-targeted humanized antibody Trastuzumab showed synergistic inhibition of ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cell proliferation. Our findings reveal new insights into mechanisms that control the surface expression of overexpressed ErbB2 and suggest that reduced CHIP expression may specify ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancers suitable for combined treatment with Trastuzumab and ER stress inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Luan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Tameka A. Bailey
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Robert J. Clubb
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Bhopal C. Mohapatra
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
| | - Aaqib M. Bhat
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
| | - Sukanya Chakraborty
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
| | - Namista Islam
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
| | - Insha Mushtaq
- Departments of Pathology & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Matthew D. Storck
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Srikumar M. Raja
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
| | - Vimla Band
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (H.B.); Tel.: +1-402-559-8565 (V.B.); +1-402-559-8572 (H.B.)
| | - Hamid Band
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (H.L.); (T.A.B.); (R.J.C.); (B.C.M.); (M.D.S.); (S.M.R.)
- Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.M.B.); (S.C.); (N.I.)
- Departments of Pathology & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (H.B.); Tel.: +1-402-559-8565 (V.B.); +1-402-559-8572 (H.B.)
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Scholl D, Sigoillot M, Overtus M, Martinez RC, Martens C, Wang Y, Pardon E, Laeremans T, Garcia-Pino A, Steyaert J, Sheppard DN, Hendrix J, Govaerts C. A topological switch in CFTR modulates channel activity and sensitivity to unfolding. Nat Chem Biol 2021; 17:989-997. [PMID: 34341587 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-021-00844-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) anion channel is essential to maintain fluid homeostasis in key organs. Functional impairment of CFTR due to mutations in the cftr gene leads to cystic fibrosis. Here, we show that the first nucleotide-binding domain (NBD1) of CFTR can spontaneously adopt an alternate conformation that departs from the canonical NBD fold previously observed. Crystallography reveals that this conformation involves a topological reorganization of NBD1. Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy shows that the equilibrium between the conformations is regulated by adenosine triphosphate binding. However, under destabilizing conditions, such as the disease-causing mutation F508del, this conformational flexibility enables unfolding of the β-subdomain. Our data indicate that, in wild-type CFTR, this conformational transition of NBD1 regulates channel function, but, in the presence of the F508del mutation, it allows domain misfolding and subsequent protein degradation. Our work provides a framework to design conformation-specific therapeutics to prevent noxious transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Scholl
- SFMB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Marie Overtus
- SFMB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Chloé Martens
- SFMB, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yiting Wang
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Els Pardon
- VIB-VUB center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Toon Laeremans
- VIB-VUB center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Abel Garcia-Pino
- Cellular and Molecular Microbiology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Jan Steyaert
- VIB-VUB center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David N Sheppard
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jelle Hendrix
- Dynamic Bioimaging Lab, Advanced Optical Microscopy Centre and Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Chemistry Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Pinto MC, Silva IAL, Figueira MF, Amaral MD, Lopes-Pacheco M. Pharmacological Modulation of Ion Channels for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:693-723. [PMID: 34326672 PMCID: PMC8316759 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s255377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening monogenic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, an anion channel that transports chloride and bicarbonate across epithelia. Despite clinical progress in delaying disease progression with symptomatic therapies, these individuals still develop various chronic complications in lungs and other organs, which significantly restricts their life expectancy and quality of life. The development of high-throughput assays to screen drug-like compound libraries have enabled the discovery of highly effective CFTR modulator therapies. These novel therapies target the primary defect underlying CF and are now approved for clinical use for individuals with specific CF genotypes. However, the clinically approved modulators only partially reverse CFTR dysfunction and there is still a considerable number of individuals with CF carrying rare CFTR mutations who remain without any effective CFTR modulator therapy. Accordingly, additional efforts have been pursued to identify novel and more potent CFTR modulators that may benefit a larger CF population. The use of ex vivo individual-derived specimens has also become a powerful tool to evaluate novel drugs and predict their effectiveness in a personalized medicine approach. In addition to CFTR modulators, pro-drugs aiming at modulating alternative ion channels/transporters are under development to compensate for the lack of CFTR function. These therapies may restore normal mucociliary clearance through a mutation-agnostic approach (ie, independent of CFTR mutation) and include inhibitors of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), modulators of the calcium-activated channel transmembrane 16A (TMEM16, or anoctamin 1) or of the solute carrier family 26A member 9 (SLC26A9), and anionophores. The present review focuses on recent progress and challenges for the development of ion channel/transporter-modulating drugs for the treatment of CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena C Pinto
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Iris A L Silva
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miriam F Figueira
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Becq F, Mirval S, Carrez T, Lévêque M, Billet A, Coraux C, Sage E, Cantereau A. The rescue of F508del-CFTR by elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (Trikafta) in human airway epithelial cells is underestimated due to the presence of ivacaftor. Eur Respir J 2021; 59:13993003.00671-2021. [PMID: 34266939 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00671-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Trikafta, currently the leading therapeutic in Cystic Fibrosis (CF), has demonstrated a real clinical benefit. This treatment is the triple combination therapy of two folding correctors elexacaftor/tezacaftor (VX445/VX661) plus the gating potentiator ivacaftor (VX770). In this study, our aim was to compare the properties of F508del-CFTR in cells treated with either lumacaftor (VX809), tezacaftor, elexacaftor, elexacaftor/tezacaftor with or without ivacaftor. We studied F508del-CFTR function, maturation and membrane localisation by Ussing chamber and whole-cell patch clamp recordings, Western blot and immunolocalization experiments. With human primary airway epithelial cells and the cell lines CFBE and BHK expressing F508del, we found that, whereas the combination elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor was efficient in rescuing F508del-CFTR abnormal maturation, apical membrane location and function, the presence of ivacaftor limits these effects. The basal F508del-CFTR short-circuit current was significantly increased by elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and elexacaftor/tezacaftor compared to other correctors and non-treated cells, an effect dependent on ivacaftor and cAMP. These results suggest that the level of the basal F508del-CFTR current might be a marker for correction efficacy in CF cells. When cells were treated with ivacaftor combined to any correctors, the F508del-CFTR current was unresponsive to the subsequently acute addition of ivacaftor unlike the CFTR potentiators genistein and Cact-A1 which increased elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and elexacaftor/tezacaftor-corrected F508del-CFTR currents. These findings show that ivacaftor reduces the correction efficacy of Trikafta. Thus, combining elexacaftor/tezacaftor with a different potentiator might improve the therapeutic efficacy for treating CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Becq
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Sandra Mirval
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Thomas Carrez
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, France.,ManRos therapeutics, Presqu'île de Perharidy, Roscoff, France
| | - Manuella Lévêque
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Arnaud Billet
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Christelle Coraux
- INSERM UMR-S 1250, Université de Reims-Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Edouard Sage
- INRAE UMR 0892, Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France.,Service de chirurgie thoracique et transplantation pulmonaire, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Anne Cantereau
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, France
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CFTR Lifecycle Map-A Systems Medicine Model of CFTR Maturation to Predict Possible Active Compound Combinations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147590. [PMID: 34299207 PMCID: PMC8306775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Different causative therapeutics for CF patients have been developed. There are still no mutation-specific therapeutics for some patients, especially those with rare CFTR mutations. For this purpose, high-throughput screens have been performed which result in various candidate compounds, with mostly unclear modes of action. In order to elucidate the mechanism of action for promising candidate substances and to be able to predict possible synergistic effects of substance combinations, we used a systems biology approach to create a model of the CFTR maturation pathway in cells in a standardized, human- and machine-readable format. It is composed of a core map, manually curated from small-scale experiments in human cells, and a coarse map including interactors identified in large-scale efforts. The manually curated core map includes 170 different molecular entities and 156 reactions from 221 publications. The coarse map encompasses 1384 unique proteins from four publications. The overlap between the two data sources amounts to 46 proteins. The CFTR Lifecycle Map can be used to support the identification of potential targets inside the cell and elucidate the mode of action for candidate substances. It thereby provides a backbone to structure available data as well as a tool to develop hypotheses regarding novel therapeutics.
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A Precision Medicine Approach to Optimize Modulator Therapy for Rare CFTR Folding Mutants. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11070643. [PMID: 34357110 PMCID: PMC8307171 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Trikafta, a triple-combination drug, consisting of folding correctors VX-661 (tezacaftor), VX-445 (elexacaftor) and the gating potentiator VX-770 (ivacaftor) provided unprecedented clinical benefits for patients with the most common cystic fibrosis (CF) mutation, F508del. Trikafta indications were recently expanded to additional 177 mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). To minimize life-long pharmacological and financial burden of drug administration, if possible, we determined the necessary and sufficient modulator combination that can achieve maximal benefit in preclinical setting for selected mutants. To this end, the biochemical and functional rescue of single corrector-responsive rare mutants were investigated in a bronchial epithelial cell line and patient-derived human primary nasal epithelia (HNE), respectively. The plasma membrane density of P67L-, L206W- or S549R-CFTR corrected by VX-661 or other type I correctors was moderately increased by VX-445. Short-circuit current measurements of HNE, however, uncovered that correction comparable to Trikafta was achieved for S549R-CFTR by VX-661 + VX-770 and for P67L- and L206W-CFTR by the VX-661 + VX-445 combination. Thus, introduction of a third modulator may not provide additional benefit for patients with a subset of rare CFTR missense mutations. These results also underscore that HNE, as a precision medicine model, enable the optimization of mutation-specific modulator combinations to maximize their efficacy and minimize life-long drug exposure of CF patients.
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Della Sala A, Prono G, Hirsch E, Ghigo A. Role of Protein Kinase A-Mediated Phosphorylation in CFTR Channel Activity Regulation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:690247. [PMID: 34211404 PMCID: PMC8240754 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.690247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is an anion channel expressed on the apical membrane of epithelial cells, where it plays a pivotal role in chloride transport and overall tissue homeostasis. CFTR constitutes a unique member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily, due to its distinctive cytosolic regulatory (R) domain carrying multiple phosphorylation sites that allow the tight regulation of channel activity and gating. Mutations in the CFTR gene cause cystic fibrosis, the most common lethal autosomal genetic disease in the Caucasian population. In recent years, major efforts have led to the development of CFTR modulators, small molecules targeting the underlying genetic defect of CF and ultimately rescuing the function of the mutant channel. Recent evidence has highlighted that this class of drugs could also impact on the phosphorylation of the R domain of the channel by protein kinase A (PKA), a key regulatory mechanism that is altered in various CFTR mutants. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the regulation of the CFTR by PKA-mediated phosphorylation and to provide insights into the different factors that modulate this essential CFTR modification. Finally, the discussion will focus on the impact of CF mutations on PKA-mediated CFTR regulation, as well as on how small molecule CFTR regulators and PKA interact to rescue dysfunctional channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Della Sala
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Emilio Hirsch
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Kither Biotech S.r.l, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Kither Biotech S.r.l, Turin, Italy
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Regulation of ClC-2 Chloride Channel Proteostasis by Molecular Chaperones: Correction of Leukodystrophy-Associated Defect. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115859. [PMID: 34070744 PMCID: PMC8197790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ClC-2 channel plays a critical role in maintaining ion homeostasis in the brain and the testis. Loss-of-function mutations in the ClC-2-encoding human CLCN2 gene are linked to the white matter disease leukodystrophy. Clcn2-deficient mice display neuronal myelin vacuolation and testicular degeneration. Leukodystrophy-causing ClC-2 mutant channels are associated with anomalous proteostasis manifesting enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation. The molecular nature of the ER quality control system for ClC-2 protein remains elusive. In mouse testicular tissues and Leydig cells, we demonstrated that endogenous ClC-2 co-existed in the same protein complex with the molecular chaperones heat shock protein 90β (Hsp90β) and heat shock cognate protein (Hsc70), as well as the associated co-chaperones Hsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein (HOP), activator of Hsp90 ATPase homolog 1 (Aha1), and FK506-binding protein 8 (FKBP8). Further biochemical analyses revealed that the Hsp90β-Hsc70 chaperone/co-chaperone system promoted mouse and human ClC-2 protein biogenesis. FKBP8 additionally facilitated membrane trafficking of ClC-2 channels. Interestingly, treatment with the Hsp90-targeting small molecule 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) substantially boosted ClC-2 protein expression. Also, 17-AAG effectively increased both total and cell surface protein levels of leukodystrophy-causing loss-of-function ClC-2 mutant channels. Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of 17-AAG in correcting anomalous ClC-2 proteostasis associated with leukodystrophy.
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Lopes-Pacheco M, Pedemonte N, Veit G. Discovery of CFTR modulators for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2021; 16:897-913. [PMID: 33823716 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1912732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening inherited disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, an anion channel expressed at the apical membrane of secretory epithelia. CF leads to multiorgan dysfunction with progressive deterioration of lung function being the major cause of untimely death. Conventional CF therapies target only symptoms and consequences downstream of the primary genetic defect and the current life expectancy and quality of life of these individuals are still very limited. AREA COVERED CFTR modulator drugs are novel-specialized therapies that enhance or even restore functional expression of CFTR mutants and have been approved for clinical use for individuals with specific CF genotypes. This review summarizes classical approaches used for the pre-clinical development of CFTR correctors and potentiators as well as emerging strategies aiming to accelerate modulator development and expand theratyping efforts. EXPERT OPINION Highly effective CFTR modulator drugs are expected to deeply modify the disease course for the majority of individuals with CF. A multitude of experimental approaches have been established to accelerate the development of novel modulators. CF patient-derived specimens are valuable cell models to predict therapeutic effectiveness of existing (and novel) modulators in a precision medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guido Veit
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
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64
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Sardana R, Emr SD. Membrane Protein Quality Control Mechanisms in the Endo-Lysosome System. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:269-283. [PMID: 33414051 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Protein quality control (PQC) machineries play a critical role in selective identification and removal of mistargeted, misfolded, and aberrant proteins. This task is extremely complicated due to the enormous diversity of the proteome. It also requires nuanced and careful differentiation between 'normal' and 'folding intermediates' from 'abnormal' and 'misfolded' protein states. Multiple genetic and proteomic approaches have started to delineate the molecular underpinnings of how these machineries recognize their target and how their activity is regulated. In this review, we summarize our understanding of the various E3 ubiquitin ligases and associated machinery that mediate PQC in the endo-lysosome system in yeast and humans, how they are regulated, and mechanisms of target selection, with the intent of guiding future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Sardana
- Weill Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Scott D Emr
- Weill Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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65
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Wilson J, You X, Ellis M, Urquhart DS, Jha L, Duncan M, Tian S, Harris RA, Kotsimbos T, Keating D. VO 2max as an exercise tolerance endpoint in people with cystic fibrosis: Lessons from a lumacaftor/ivacaftor trial. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 20:499-505. [PMID: 33358691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of lumacaftor/ivacaftor on exercise tolerance in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) has not been thoroughly studied. METHODS We conducted a multisite Phase 4 trial comparing the impact of lumacaftor/ivacaftor on exercise tolerance with that of placebo in participants ≥ 12 years of age with CF homozygous for F508del-CFTR. The primary endpoint was relative change from baseline in maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) at Week 24. The key secondary endpoint was relative change from baseline in exercise duration during CPET at Week 24. Other secondary endpoints included changes in other indices of exercise tolerance and changes in CF assessments; safety and tolerability were assessed as an endpoint. RESULTS Seventy participants were randomized to receive lumacaftor/ivacaftor (n = 34) or placebo (n = 36). The least-squares mean difference for lumacaftor/ivacaftor versus placebo in relative change in VO2max from baseline at Week 24 was -3.2% (95% CI: -9.2, 2.9; P=0.3021); the least-squares mean difference in relative change from baseline in exercise duration at Week 24 was -3.2% (95% CI: -8.0, 1.6). Safety results were consistent with the known lumacaftor/ivacaftor safety profile. CONCLUSIONS Definitive conclusions regarding the impact of lumacaftor/ivacaftor on exercise tolerance cannot be drawn from these results; however, multicenter studies using CPETs can be reliably performed with multiple time points and conventional methods, provided that calibration can be achieved. Future studies of exercise tolerance may benefit from lessons learned from this study. NCT02875366.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Wilson
- Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Xiaojun You
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matt Ellis
- Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Don S Urquhart
- Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| | - Lokesh Jha
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Simon Tian
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ryan A Harris
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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66
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Hodos RA, Strub MD, Ramachandran S, Li L, McCray PB, Dudley JT. Integrative genomic meta-analysis reveals novel molecular insights into cystic fibrosis and ΔF508-CFTR rescue. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20553. [PMID: 33239626 PMCID: PMC7689470 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), caused by mutations to CFTR, leads to severe and progressive lung disease. The most common mutant, ΔF508-CFTR, undergoes proteasomal degradation, extinguishing its anion channel function. Numerous in vitro interventions have been identified to partially rescue ΔF508-CFTR function yet remain poorly understood. Improved understanding of both the altered state of CF cells and the mechanisms of existing rescue strategies could reveal novel therapeutic strategies. Toward this aim, we measured transcriptional profiles of established temperature, genetic, and chemical interventions that rescue ΔF508-CFTR and also re-analyzed public datasets characterizing transcription in human CF vs. non-CF samples from airway and whole blood. Meta-analysis yielded a core disease signature and two core rescue signatures. To interpret these through the lens of prior knowledge, we compiled a "CFTR Gene Set Library" from literature. The core disease signature revealed remarkably strong connections to genes with established effects on CFTR trafficking and function and suggested novel roles of EGR1 and SGK1 in the disease state. Our data also revealed an unexpected mechanistic link between several genetic rescue interventions and the unfolded protein response. Finally, we found that C18, an analog of the CFTR corrector compound Lumacaftor, induces almost no transcriptional perturbation despite its rescue activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Hodos
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Institute for Next Generation Healthcare, New York, NY, USA
- Courant Institute for Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- BenevolentAI, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Matthew D Strub
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Shyam Ramachandran
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Editas Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Li Li
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Institute for Next Generation Healthcare, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Paul B McCray
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Joel T Dudley
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Institute for Next Generation Healthcare, New York, NY, USA.
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67
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Kanner SA, Shuja Z, Choudhury P, Jain A, Colecraft HM. Targeted deubiquitination rescues distinct trafficking-deficient ion channelopathies. Nat Methods 2020; 17:1245-1253. [PMID: 33169015 PMCID: PMC9335257 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-020-00992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Impaired protein stability/trafficking underlies diverse ion channelopathies and represents an unexploited unifying principle to develop common treatments for otherwise dissimilar diseases. Ubiquitination limits ion channel surface density, but targeting this pathway for basic study or therapy is challenging because of its prevalent role in proteostasis. We developed engineered deubiquitinases (enDUBs) that enable ubiquitin chain removal selectively from target proteins to rescue functional expression of disparate mutant ion channels underlying Long QT syndrome (LQT1) and cystic fibrosis (CF). In a LQT1 cardiomyocyte model, enDUB treatment restored delayed rectifier K+ currents and normalized action potential duration. CF-targeted enDUBs synergistically rescued common (F508del) and pharmacotherapy-resistant (N1303K) CF mutations when combined with the FDA-approved drugs, Orkambi and Trikafta. Altogether, targeted deubiquitination via enDUBs provides a powerful protein stabilization method that not only corrects diverse diseases caused by impaired ion channel trafficking, but also introduces a new tool for deconstructing the ubiquitin code in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Kanner
- Doctoral Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zunaira Shuja
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Papiya Choudhury
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Henry M Colecraft
- Doctoral Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
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68
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Amaral MD. How to determine the mechanism of action of CFTR modulator compounds: A gateway to theranostics. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112989. [PMID: 33190956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The greatest challenge of 21st century biology is to fully understand mechanisms of disease to drive new approaches and medical innovation. Parallel to this is the huge biomedical endeavour of treating people through personalized medicine. Until now all CFTR modulator drugs that have entered clinical trials have been genotype-dependent. An emerging alternative is personalized/precision medicine in CF, i.e., to determine whether rare CFTR mutations respond to existing (or novel) CFTR modulator drugs by pre-assessing them directly on patient's tissues ex vivo, an approach also now termed theranostics. To administer the right drug to the right person it is essential to understand how drugs work, i.e., to know their mechanism of action (MoA), so as to predict their applicability, not just in certain mutations but also possibly in other diseases that share the same defect/defective pathway. Moreover, an understanding the MoA of a drug before it is tested in clinical trials is the logical path to drug discovery and can increase its chance for success and hence also approval. In conclusion, the most powerful approach to determine the MoA of a compound is to understand the underlying biology. Novel large datasets of intervenients in most biological processes, namely those emerging from the post-genomic era tools, are available and should be used to help in this task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida D Amaral
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Portugal.
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69
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Veit G, Roldan A, Hancock MA, Da Fonte DF, Xu H, Hussein M, Frenkiel S, Matouk E, Velkov T, Lukacs GL. Allosteric folding correction of F508del and rare CFTR mutants by elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (Trikafta) combination. JCI Insight 2020; 5:139983. [PMID: 32853178 PMCID: PMC7526550 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.139983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on its clinical benefits, Trikafta — the combination of folding correctors VX-661 (tezacaftor), VX-445 (elexacaftor), and the gating potentiator VX-770 (ivacaftor) — was FDA approved for treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) carrying deletion of phenylalanine at position 508 (F508del) of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) on at least 1 allele. Neither the mechanism of action of VX-445 nor the susceptibility of rare CF folding mutants to Trikafta are known. Here, we show that, in human bronchial epithelial cells, VX-445 synergistically restores F508del-CFTR processing in combination with type I or II correctors that target the nucleotide binding domain 1 (NBD1) membrane spanning domains (MSDs) interface and NBD2, respectively, consistent with a type III corrector mechanism. This inference was supported by the VX-445 binding to and unfolding suppression of the isolated F508del-NBD1 of CFTR. The VX-661 plus VX-445 treatment restored F508del-CFTR chloride channel function in the presence of VX-770 to approximately 62% of WT CFTR in homozygous nasal epithelia. Substantial rescue of rare misprocessing mutations (S13F, R31C, G85E, E92K, V520F, M1101K, and N1303K), confined to MSD1, MSD2, NBD1, and NBD2 of CFTR, was also observed in airway epithelia, suggesting an allosteric correction mechanism and the possible application of Trikafta for patients with rare misfolding mutants of CFTR. Trikafta, the combination of type I corrector VX-661, type III corrector VX-445, and the potentiator VX-770, may be applied for various CFTR folding mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark A Hancock
- SPR-MS Facility, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Maytham Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Elias Matouk
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Montreal Chest Institute, and
| | - Tony Velkov
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gergely L Lukacs
- Department of Physiology and.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Gauthier S, Pranke I, Jung V, Martignetti L, Stoven V, Nguyen-Khoa T, Semeraro M, Hinzpeter A, Edelman A, Guerrera IC, Sermet-Gaudelus I. Urinary Exosomes of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Unravel CFTR-Related Renal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186625. [PMID: 32927759 PMCID: PMC7554933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease is increased in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The study of urinary exosomal proteins might provide insight into the pathophysiology of CF kidney disease. Methods: Urine samples were collected from 19 CF patients (among those 7 were treated by cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators), and 8 healthy subjects. Urine exosomal protein content was determined by high resolution mass spectrometry. Results: A heatmap of the differentially expressed proteins in urinary exosomes showed a clear separation between control and CF patients. Seventeen proteins were upregulated in CF patients (including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); proteasome subunit beta type-6, transglutaminases, caspase 14) and 118 were downregulated (including glutathione S-transferases, superoxide dismutase, klotho, endosomal sorting complex required for transport, and matrisome proteins). Gene set enrichment analysis revealed 20 gene sets upregulated and 74 downregulated. Treatment with CFTR modulators yielded no significant modification of the proteomic content. These results highlight that CF kidney cells adapt to the CFTR defect by upregulating proteasome activity and that autophagy and endosomal targeting are impaired. Increased expression of EGFR and decreased expression of klotho and matrisome might play a central role in this CF kidney signature by inducing oxidation, inflammation, accelerated senescence, and abnormal tissue repair. Conclusions: Our study unravels novel insights into consequences of CFTR dysfunction in the urinary tract, some of which may have clinical and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Gauthier
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (I.P.); (V.J.); (T.N.-K.); (A.H.); (A.E.); (I.C.G.)
| | - Iwona Pranke
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (I.P.); (V.J.); (T.N.-K.); (A.H.); (A.E.); (I.C.G.)
| | - Vincent Jung
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (I.P.); (V.J.); (T.N.-K.); (A.H.); (A.E.); (I.C.G.)
- Proteomics Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, 75015 Paris, France
- INSERM US24/CNRS UMS3633, 75015 Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Loredana Martignetti
- Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Computational Systems, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France; (L.M.); (V.S.)
- INSERM U900, 75005 Paris, France
- CBIO Mines-ParisTech, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Stoven
- Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Computational Systems, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France; (L.M.); (V.S.)
- INSERM U900, 75005 Paris, France
- CBIO Mines-ParisTech, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thao Nguyen-Khoa
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (I.P.); (V.J.); (T.N.-K.); (A.H.); (A.E.); (I.C.G.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Générale, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Mucoviscidose et maladies de CFTR, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Michaela Semeraro
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Mucoviscidose et maladies de CFTR, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France;
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Hinzpeter
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (I.P.); (V.J.); (T.N.-K.); (A.H.); (A.E.); (I.C.G.)
| | - Aleksander Edelman
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (I.P.); (V.J.); (T.N.-K.); (A.H.); (A.E.); (I.C.G.)
| | - Ida Chiara Guerrera
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (I.P.); (V.J.); (T.N.-K.); (A.H.); (A.E.); (I.C.G.)
- Proteomics Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, 75015 Paris, France
- INSERM US24/CNRS UMS3633, 75015 Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, 75015 Paris, France; (S.G.); (I.P.); (V.J.); (T.N.-K.); (A.H.); (A.E.); (I.C.G.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Générale, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Mucoviscidose et maladies de CFTR, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France;
- Pneumo-Allergologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- European Respiratory Network, ERN Lung, 75015 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-44-49-48-87
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71
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Dobriyal N, Sagarika P, Shrivastava A, Verma AK, Islam Z, Gupta P, Mochizuki T, Abe F, Sahi C. Over-expression of Caj1, a plasma membrane associated J-domain protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, stabilizes amino acid permeases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183435. [PMID: 32777224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hsp70: J-domain protein (JDP) machines, along with the cellular protein degradation systems play a central role in regulating cellular proteostasis. An equally robust surveillance system operates at the plasma membrane too that affects proper sorting, stability as well as the turnover of membrane proteins. Although plausible, a definitive role of the Hsp70: JDP machine in regulating the stability of plasma membrane proteins is not well understood in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we show that a moderate over-expression of Caj1, one of the thirteen JDPs residing in the nucleo-cytosolic compartment of S. cerevisiae reduced the cold sensitivity of tryptophan auxotrophic yeast cells by stabilizing tryptophan permeases, Tat1 and Tat2 in a J-domain dependent manner. Concomitantly, higher Caj1 levels also caused slow growth and increased plasma membrane damage at elevated temperatures possibly due to the stabilization of thermolabile plasma membrane proteins. Finally, we show that although majorly cytosolic, Caj1 also co-localizes with the membrane dye FM4-64 at the cellular periphery suggesting that Caj1 might interact with the plasma membrane. Based on the results presented in this study, we implicate the Hsp70: Caj1 chaperone machine in regulating the stability or turnover of plasma membrane proteins in budding yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dobriyal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - P Sagarika
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A Shrivastava
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Z Islam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - P Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - T Mochizuki
- Molecular Genetic Research, Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
| | - F Abe
- Molecular Genetic Research, Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
| | - C Sahi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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72
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Estadella I, Pedrós-Gámez O, Colomer-Molera M, Bosch M, Sorkin A, Felipe A. Endocytosis: A Turnover Mechanism Controlling Ion Channel Function. Cells 2020; 9:E1833. [PMID: 32759790 PMCID: PMC7463639 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels (IChs) are transmembrane proteins that selectively drive ions across membranes. The function of IChs partially relies on their abundance and proper location in the cell, fine-tuned by the delicate balance between secretory, endocytic, and degradative pathways. The disruption of this balance is associated with several diseases, such as Liddle's and long QT syndromes. Because of the vital role of these proteins in human health and disease, knowledge of ICh turnover is essential. Clathrin-dependent and -independent mechanisms have been the primary mechanisms identified with ICh endocytosis and degradation. Several molecular determinants recognized by the cellular internalization machinery have been discovered. Moreover, specific conditions can trigger the endocytosis of many IChs, such as the activation of certain receptors, hypokalemia, and some drugs. Ligand-dependent receptor activation primarily results in the posttranslational modification of IChs and the recruitment of important mediators, such as β-arrestins and ubiquitin ligases. However, endocytosis is not a final fate. Once internalized into endosomes, IChs are either sorted to lysosomes for degradation or recycled back to the plasma membrane. Rab proteins are crucial participants during these turnover steps. In this review, we describe the major ICh endocytic pathways, the signaling inputs triggering ICh internalization, and the key mediators of this essential cellular process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Estadella
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.E.); (O.P.-G.); (M.C.-M.); (M.B.)
| | - Oriol Pedrós-Gámez
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.E.); (O.P.-G.); (M.C.-M.); (M.B.)
| | - Magalí Colomer-Molera
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.E.); (O.P.-G.); (M.C.-M.); (M.B.)
| | - Manel Bosch
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.E.); (O.P.-G.); (M.C.-M.); (M.B.)
- Centres Científics i Tecnològics de la Universitat de Barcelona (CCiTUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexander Sorkin
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
| | - Antonio Felipe
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (I.E.); (O.P.-G.); (M.C.-M.); (M.B.)
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73
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Bradbury NA. Cystic Fibrosis and Genotype-Dependent Therapy: Is There a Need for a Sex-Specific Therapy? GENDER AND THE GENOME 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2470289720937025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulation (CFTR) anion channel. Loss of CFTR protein and/or function disrupts chloride, bicarbonate, and fluid transport and also impacts epithelial sodium transport. Such altered ion and fluid transport produces mucus obstruction, inflammation, pulmonary infection, and damage to multiple organs. Although an autosomal disease, it is apparent that gender differences in life expectancy and quality of life do exist. Conventionally established therapies have treated the downstream sequelae of CFTR dysfunction and have led to a steady increase in life expectancy. Physicians now have access to medications that treat the basic defect in CF, in the form of CFTR modulators. These drugs target the trafficking and/or function of CFTR to improve clinical outcomes for patients. This review summarizes the science behind CFTR modulators and shows how these drugs have dramatically changed how patients with CF are treated. Surprisingly, although the drug target(s) are identical in males and females, CF females seem to display a greater improvement than their male counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil A. Bradbury
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Center for Genetic Diseases, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
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74
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Turton KB, Ingram RJ, Valvano MA. Macrophage dysfunction in cystic fibrosis: Nature or nurture? J Leukoc Biol 2020; 109:573-582. [PMID: 32678926 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4ru0620-245r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) affect the homeostasis of chloride flux by epithelial cells. This has deleterious consequences, especially in respiratory epithelia, where the defect results in mucus accumulation distinctive of cystic fibrosis. CFTR is, however, also expressed in phagocytic cells, like macrophages. Immune cells are highly sensitive to conditioning by their environment; thus, CFTR dysfunction in epithelia influences macrophages by affecting the lung milieu, but the mutations also appear to be directly consequential for intrinsic macrophage functions. Particular mutations can alter CFTR's folding, traffic of the protein to the membrane and function. As such, understanding the intrinsic effects of CFTR mutation requires distinguishing the secondary effects of misfolded CFTR on cell stress pathways from the primary defect of CFTR dysfunction/absence. Investigations into CFTR's role in macrophages have exploited various models, each with their own advantages and limitations. This review summarizes these methodologic approaches, discussing their physiological correspondence and highlighting key findings. The controversy surrounding CFTR-dependent acidification is used as a case study to highlight difficulties in commensurability across model systems. Recent work in macrophage biology, including polarization and host-pathogen interaction studies, brought into the context of CFTR research, offers potential explanations for observed discrepancies between studies. Moreover, the rapid advancement of novel gene editing technologies and new macrophage model systems makes this assessment of the field's models and methodologies timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren B Turton
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca J Ingram
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel A Valvano
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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75
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Cytoskeleton regulators CAPZA2 and INF2 associate with CFTR to control its plasma membrane levels under EPAC1 activation. Biochem J 2020; 477:2561-2580. [PMID: 32573649 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomic recessive disorder among Caucasians, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein, a cAMP-regulated chloride channel expressed at the apical surface of epithelial cells. Cyclic AMP regulates both CFTR channel gating through a protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent process and plasma membane (PM) stability through activation of the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP1 (EPAC1). This cAMP effector, when activated promotes the NHERF1:CFTR interaction leading to an increase in CFTR at the PM by decreasing its endocytosis. Here, we used protein interaction profiling and bioinformatic analysis to identify proteins that interact with CFTR under EPAC1 activation as possible regulators of this CFTR PM anchoring. We identified an enrichment in cytoskeleton related proteins among which we characterized CAPZA2 and INF2 as regulators of CFTR trafficking to the PM. We found that CAPZA2 promotes wt-CFTR trafficking under EPAC1 activation at the PM whereas reduction of INF2 levels leads to a similar trafficking promotion effect. These results suggest that CAPZA2 is a positive regulator and INF2 a negative one for the increase of CFTR at the PM after an increase of cAMP and concomitant EPAC1 activation. Identifying the specific interactions involving CFTR and elicited by EPAC1 activation provides novel insights into late CFTR trafficking, insertion and/or stabilization at the PM and highlighs new potential therapeutic targets to tackle CF disease.
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76
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Ubiquitination of disease-causing CFTR variants in a microsome-based assay. Anal Biochem 2020; 604:113829. [PMID: 32621804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Soluble secreted proteins and membrane proteins are subjected to protein quality control pathways during their synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and delivery to other destinations. Foremost among these quality control pathways is the selection of misfolded proteins for ER-associated degradation (ERAD). A growing number of diseases, including Cystic Fibrosis, are linked to the ERAD pathway. In most cases, a membrane protein known as the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, or CFTR, is prematurely degraded by ERAD. Cell-based assays and in vitro studies have elucidated factors required for the recognition and degradation of CFTR, yet mechanistic details on how these factors target specific disease-causing variants is limited. Given the possibility that variants might exhibit unique susceptibilities to ubiquitin modification, which is required for proteasome-mediated degradation, we devised an assay that recapitulates this event. Here, we demonstrate that ER-enriched membranes from transfected human cells support CFTR ubiquitination when combined with radiolabeled ubiquitin and isolated enzymes in the ubiquitination cascade. We also show that select disease-causing variants are ubiquitinated more extensively than wild-type channels and to varying degrees. Our system provides a platform to examine how other purified factors impact CFTR ubiquitination and the ubiquitination of additional disease-associated membrane proteins.
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77
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Oliver KE, Rauscher R, Mijnders M, Wang W, Wolpert MJ, Maya J, Sabusap CM, Kesterson RA, Kirk KL, Rab A, Braakman I, Hong JS, Hartman JL, Ignatova Z, Sorscher EJ. Slowing ribosome velocity restores folding and function of mutant CFTR. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:5236-5253. [PMID: 31657788 DOI: 10.1172/jci124282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), with approximately 90% of patients harboring at least one copy of the disease-associated variant F508del. We utilized a yeast phenomic system to identify genetic modifiers of F508del-CFTR biogenesis, from which ribosomal protein L12 (RPL12/uL11) emerged as a molecular target. In the present study, we investigated mechanism(s) by which suppression of RPL12 rescues F508del protein synthesis and activity. Using ribosome profiling, we found that rates of translation initiation and elongation were markedly slowed by RPL12 silencing. However, proteolytic stability and patch-clamp assays revealed RPL12 depletion significantly increased F508del-CFTR steady-state expression, interdomain assembly, and baseline open-channel probability. We next evaluated whether Rpl12-corrected F508del-CFTR could be further enhanced with concomitant pharmacologic repair (e.g., using clinically approved modulators lumacaftor and tezacaftor) and demonstrated additivity of these treatments. Rpl12 knockdown also partially restored maturation of specific CFTR variants in addition to F508del, and WT Cftr biogenesis was enhanced in the pancreas, colon, and ileum of Rpl12 haplosufficient mice. Modulation of ribosome velocity therefore represents a robust method for understanding both CF pathogenesis and therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Rauscher
- Institute for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marjolein Mijnders
- Cellular Protein Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wei Wang
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center and
| | | | - Jessica Maya
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center and
| | | | - Robert A Kesterson
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kevin L Kirk
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center and
| | - Andras Rab
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ineke Braakman
- Cellular Protein Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jeong S Hong
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John L Hartman
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center and.,Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Zoya Ignatova
- Institute for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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78
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Fukuda R, Okiyoneda T. Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Ubiquitylation as a Novel Pharmaceutical Target for Cystic Fibrosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13040075. [PMID: 32331485 PMCID: PMC7243099 DOI: 10.3390/ph13040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene decrease the structural stability and function of the CFTR protein, resulting in cystic fibrosis. Recently, the effect of CFTR-targeting combination therapy has dramatically increased, and it is expected that add-on drugs that modulate the CFTR surrounding environment will further enhance their effectiveness. Various interacting proteins have been implicated in the structural stability of CFTR and, among them, molecules involved in CFTR ubiquitylation are promising therapeutic targets as regulators of CFTR degradation. This review focuses on the ubiquitylation mechanism that contributes to the stability of mutant CFTR at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and post-ER compartments and discusses the possibility as a pharmacological target for cystic fibrosis (CF).
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79
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Billet A, Elbahnsi A, Jollivet-Souchet M, Hoffmann B, Mornon JP, Callebaut I, Becq F. Functional and Pharmacological Characterization of the Rare CFTR Mutation W361R. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:295. [PMID: 32256364 PMCID: PMC7092619 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the functional consequence of rare cystic fibrosis (CF) mutations is mandatory for the adoption of precision therapeutic approaches for CF. Here we studied the effect of the very rare CF mutation, W361R, on CFTR processing and function. We applied western blot, patch clamp and pharmacological modulators of CFTR to study the maturation and ion transport properties of pEGFP-WT and mutant CFTR constructs, W361R, F508del and L69H-CFTR, expressed in HEK293 cells. Structural analyses were also performed to study the molecular environment of the W361 residue. Western blot showed that W361R-CFTR was not efficiently processed to a mature band C, similar to F508del CFTR, but unlike F508del CFTR, it did exhibit significant transport activity at the cell surface in response to cAMP agonists. Importantly, W361R-CFTR also responded well to CFTR modulators: its maturation defect was efficiently corrected by VX-809 treatment and its channel activity further potentiated by VX-770. Based on these results, we postulate that W361R is a novel class-2 CF mutation that causes abnormal protein maturation which can be corrected by VX-809, and additionally potentiated by VX-770, two FDA-approved small molecules. At the structural level, W361 is located within a class-2 CF mutation hotspot that includes other mutations that induce variable disease severity. Analysis of the 3D structure of CFTR within a lipid environment indicated that W361, together with other mutations located in this hotspot, is at the edge of a groove which stably accommodates lipid acyl chains. We suggest this lipid environment impacts CFTR folding, maturation and response to CFTR modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Billet
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Poitiers, France
| | - Ahmad Elbahnsi
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Jollivet-Souchet
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Poitiers, France
| | - Brice Hoffmann
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Mornon
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Callebaut
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Becq
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, Université de Poitiers, CNRS, Poitiers, France
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80
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Naito S, Fukushima T, Endo A, Denda K, Komada M. Nik-related kinase is targeted for proteasomal degradation by the chaperone-dependent ubiquitin ligase CHIP. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:1778-1786. [PMID: 32162334 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nik-related kinase (Nrk) is a member of the germinal center kinase IV family and suppresses Akt signaling. In vivo, Nrk prevents placental hyperplasia and breast cancer formation. Here, we show that Nrk is regulated by the chaperone-dependent ubiquitin ligase carboxyl terminus of heat-shock protein (Hsp)70-interacting protein (CHIP). Immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis reveal that Nrk preferentially interacts with CHIP and Hsp70/90 family proteins. Nrk protein levels are decreased by CHIP overexpression and increased by siRNA-mediated CHIP knockdown. Our results indicate that Nrk is ubiquitinated by CHIP in a chaperone-dependent manner, resulting in its proteasomal degradation. CHIP targets a fraction of Nrk molecules that have lost the ability to regulate Akt signaling. We conclude that CHIP plays an important role in regulating Nrk protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Naito
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukushima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akinori Endo
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Denda
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masayuki Komada
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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81
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Singh BK, Cooney AL, Krishnamurthy S, Sinn PL. Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated siRNA Delivery, Protein Delivery, and CFTR Complementation in Well-Differentiated Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11040351. [PMID: 32224868 PMCID: PMC7230663 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a class of naturally occurring secreted cellular bodies that are involved in long distance cell-to-cell communication. Proteins, lipids, mRNA, and miRNA can be packaged into these vesicles and released from the cell. This information is then delivered to target cells. Since EVs are naturally adapted molecular messengers, they have emerged as an innovative, inexpensive, and robust method to deliver therapeutic cargo in vitro and in vivo. Well-differentiated primary cultures of human airway epithelial cells (HAE) are refractory to standard transfection techniques. Indeed, common strategies used to overexpress or knockdown gene expression in immortalized cell lines simply have no detectable effect in HAE. Here we use EVs to efficiently deliver siRNA or protein to HAE. Furthermore, EVs can deliver CFTR protein to cystic fibrosis donor cells and functionally correct the Cl− channel defect in vitro. EV-mediated delivery of siRNA or proteins to HAE provides a powerful genetic tool in a model system that closely recapitulates the in vivo airways.
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82
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Baaklini I, Gonçalves CDC, Lukacs GL, Young JC. Selective Binding of HSC70 and its Co-Chaperones to Structural Hotspots on CFTR. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4176. [PMID: 32144307 PMCID: PMC7060200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel cause cystic fibrosis. Chaperones, including HSC70, DNAJA1 and DNAJA2, play key roles in both the folding and degradation of wild-type and mutant CFTR at multiple cellular locations. DNAJA1 and HSC70 promote the folding of newly synthesized CFTR at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but are required for the rapid turnover of misfolded channel at the plasma membrane (PM). DNAJA2 and HSC70 are also involved in the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded CFTR, while they assist the refolding of destabilized channel at the PM. These outcomes may depend on the binding of chaperones to specific sites within CFTR, which would be exposed in non-native states. A CFTR peptide library was used to identify binding sites for HSC70, DNAJA1 and DNAJA2, validated by competition and functional assays. Each chaperone had a distinct binding pattern, and sites were distributed between the surfaces of the CFTR cytosolic domains, and domain interfaces known to be important for channel assembly. The accessibility of sites to chaperones will depend on the degree of CFTR folding or unfolding. Different folded states may be recognized by unique combinations of HSC70, DNAJA1 and DNAJA2, leading to divergent biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Baaklini
- McGill University, Department of Biochemistry, Montreal, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | | | - Gergely L Lukacs
- McGill University, Department of Biochemistry, Montreal, H3G 1Y6, Canada.,McGill University, Department of Physiology, Montreal, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jason C Young
- McGill University, Department of Biochemistry, Montreal, H3G 1Y6, Canada.
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83
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Abstract
Protein folding in the cell is mediated by an extensive network of >1,000 chaperones, quality control factors, and trafficking mechanisms collectively termed the proteostasis network. While the components and organization of this network are generally well established, our understanding of how protein-folding problems are identified, how the network components integrate to successfully address challenges, and what types of biophysical issues each proteostasis network component is capable of addressing remains immature. We describe a chemical biology-informed framework for studying cellular proteostasis that relies on selection of interesting protein-folding problems and precise researcher control of proteostasis network composition and activities. By combining these methods with multifaceted strategies to monitor protein folding, degradation, trafficking, and aggregation in cells, researchers continue to rapidly generate new insights into cellular proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Sebastian
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;
| | - Matthew D Shoulders
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;
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84
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Lopes-Pacheco M. CFTR Modulators: The Changing Face of Cystic Fibrosis in the Era of Precision Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1662. [PMID: 32153386 PMCID: PMC7046560 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal inherited disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which result in impairment of CFTR mRNA and protein expression, function, stability or a combination of these. Although CF leads to multifaceted clinical manifestations, the respiratory disorder represents the major cause of morbidity and mortality of these patients. The life expectancy of CF patients has substantially lengthened due to early diagnosis and improvements in symptomatic therapeutic regimens. Quality of life remains nevertheless limited, as these individuals are subjected to considerable clinical, psychosocial and economic burdens. Since the discovery of the CFTR gene in 1989, tremendous efforts have been made to develop therapies acting more upstream on the pathogenesis cascade, thereby overcoming the underlying dysfunctions caused by CFTR mutations. In this line, the advances in cell-based high-throughput screenings have been facilitating the fast-tracking of CFTR modulators. These modulator drugs have the ability to enhance or even restore the functional expression of specific CF-causing mutations, and they have been classified into five main groups depending on their effects on CFTR mutations: potentiators, correctors, stabilizers, read-through agents, and amplifiers. To date, four CFTR modulators have reached the market, and these pharmaceutical therapies are transforming patients' lives with short- and long-term improvements in clinical outcomes. Such breakthroughs have paved the way for the development of novel CFTR modulators, which are currently under experimental and clinical investigations. Furthermore, recent insights into the CFTR structure will be useful for the rational design of next-generation modulator drugs. This review aims to provide a summary of recent developments in CFTR-directed therapeutics. Barriers and future directions are also discussed in order to optimize treatment adherence, identify feasible and sustainable solutions for equitable access to these therapies, and continue to expand the pipeline of novel modulators that may result in effective precision medicine for all individuals with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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85
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Neuromuscular Diseases Due to Chaperone Mutations: A Review and Some New Results. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041409. [PMID: 32093037 PMCID: PMC7073051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and the nervous system depend on efficient protein quality control, and they express chaperones and cochaperones at high levels to maintain protein homeostasis. Mutations in many of these proteins cause neuromuscular diseases, myopathies, and hereditary motor and sensorimotor neuropathies. In this review, we cover mutations in DNAJB6, DNAJB2, αB-crystallin (CRYAB, HSPB5), HSPB1, HSPB3, HSPB8, and BAG3, and discuss the molecular mechanisms by which they cause neuromuscular disease. In addition, previously unpublished results are presented, showing downstream effects of BAG3 p.P209L on DNAJB6 turnover and localization.
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86
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McCarron A, Cmielewski P, Reyne N, McIntyre C, Finnie J, Craig F, Rout-Pitt N, Delhove J, Schjenken JE, Chan HY, Boog B, Knight E, Gilmore RC, O'Neal WK, Boucher RC, Parsons D, Donnelley M. Phenotypic Characterization and Comparison of Cystic Fibrosis Rat Models Generated Using CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:977-993. [PMID: 32084371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Animal models of cystic fibrosis (CF) are essential for investigating disease mechanisms and trialing potential therapeutics. This study generated two CF rat models using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 gene editing. One rat model carries the common human Phe508del (ΔF508) CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutation, whereas the second is a CFTR knockout model. Phenotype was characterized using a range of functional and histologic assessments, including nasal potential difference to measure electrophysiological function in the upper airways, RNAscope in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR to assess CFTR mRNA expression in the lungs, immunohistochemistry to localize CFTR protein in the airways, and histopathologic assessments in a range of tissues. Both rat models revealed a range of CF manifestations, including reduced survival, intestinal obstruction, bioelectric defects in the nasal epithelium, histopathologic changes in the trachea, large intestine, and pancreas, and abnormalities in the development of the male reproductive tract. The CF rat models presented herein will prove useful for longitudinal assessments of pathophysiology and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra McCarron
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Patricia Cmielewski
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicole Reyne
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chantelle McIntyre
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology at Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John Finnie
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Division of Anatomical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Fiona Craig
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology at Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nathan Rout-Pitt
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Juliette Delhove
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John E Schjenken
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Hon Y Chan
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bernadette Boog
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Emma Knight
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rodney C Gilmore
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Wanda K O'Neal
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Richard C Boucher
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - David Parsons
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Martin Donnelley
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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87
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Pedemonte N, Bertozzi F, Caci E, Sorana F, Di Fruscia P, Tomati V, Ferrera L, Rodríguez-Gimeno A, Berti F, Pesce E, Sondo E, Gianotti A, Scudieri P, Bandiera T, Galietta LJV. Discovery of a picomolar potency pharmacological corrector of the mutant CFTR chloride channel. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay9669. [PMID: 32128418 PMCID: PMC7034990 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay9669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
F508del, the most frequent mutation causing cystic fibrosis (CF), results in mistrafficking and premature degradation of the CFTR chloride channel. Small molecules named correctors may rescue F508del-CFTR and therefore represent promising drugs to target the basic defect in CF. We screened a carefully designed chemical library to find F508del-CFTR correctors. The initial active compound resulting from the primary screening underwent extensive chemical optimization. The final compound, ARN23765, showed an extremely high potency in bronchial epithelial cells from F508del homozygous patients, with an EC50 of 38 picomolar, which is more than 5000-fold lower compared to presently available corrector drugs. ARN23765 also showed high efficacy, synergy with other types of correctors, and compatibility with chronic VX-770 potentiator. Besides being a promising drug, particularly suited for drug combinations, ARN23765 represents a high-affinity probe for CFTR structure-function studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Bertozzi
- D3 PharmaChemistry, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Caci
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Sorana
- D3 PharmaChemistry, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Di Fruscia
- D3 PharmaChemistry, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria Tomati
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Loretta Ferrera
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Berti
- D3 PharmaChemistry, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pesce
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Elvira Sondo
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Ambra Gianotti
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Scudieri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Tiziano Bandiera
- D3 PharmaChemistry, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Luis J. V. Galietta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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88
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Regulation of CFTR Biogenesis by the Proteostatic Network and Pharmacological Modulators. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020452. [PMID: 31936842 PMCID: PMC7013518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal inherited disease among Caucasians in North America and a significant portion of Europe. The disease arises from one of many mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, or CFTR. The most common disease-associated allele, F508del, along with several other mutations affect the folding, transport, and stability of CFTR as it transits from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the plasma membrane, where it functions primarily as a chloride channel. Early data demonstrated that F508del CFTR is selected for ER associated degradation (ERAD), a pathway in which misfolded proteins are recognized by ER-associated molecular chaperones, ubiquitinated, and delivered to the proteasome for degradation. Later studies showed that F508del CFTR that is rescued from ERAD and folds can alternatively be selected for enhanced endocytosis and lysosomal degradation. A number of other disease-causing mutations in CFTR also undergo these events. Fortunately, pharmacological modulators of CFTR biogenesis can repair CFTR, permitting its folding, escape from ERAD, and function at the cell surface. In this article, we review the many cellular checkpoints that monitor CFTR biogenesis, discuss the emergence of effective treatments for CF, and highlight future areas of research on the proteostatic control of CFTR.
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89
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Tosco A, Villella VR, Raia V, Kroemer G, Maiuri L. Cystic Fibrosis: New Insights into Therapeutic Approaches. CURRENT RESPIRATORY MEDICINE REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573398x15666190702151613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the identification of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) as a disease in 1938 until 2012, only
therapies to treat symptoms rather than etiological therapies have been used to treat the disease. Over
the last few years, new technologies have been developed, and gene editing strategies are now
moving toward a one-time cure. This review will summarize recent advances in etiological therapies
that target the basic defect in the CF Transmembrane Receptor (CFTR), the protein that is mutated in
CF. We will discuss how newly identified compounds can directly target mutated CFTR to improve
its function. Moreover, we will discuss how proteostasis regulators can modify the environment in
which the mutant CFTR protein is synthesized and decayed, thus restoring CFTR function. The
future of CF therapies lies in combinatory therapies that may be personalized for each CF patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tosco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Unit, Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Federico II University, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Valeria R. Villella
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, European Institute for Research in Cystic Fibrosis, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Valeria Raia
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Pediatric Unit, Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Federico II University, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe11 labellisee Ligue Nationale Contrele Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Luigi Maiuri
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, European Institute for Research in Cystic Fibrosis, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
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90
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Singh AK, Fan Y, Balut C, Alani S, Manelli AM, Swensen AM, Jia Y, Neelands TR, Vortherms TA, Liu B, Searle XB, Wang X, Gao W, Hwang TC, Ren HY, Cyr D, Kym PR, Conrath K, Tse C. Biological Characterization of F508delCFTR Protein Processing by the CFTR Corrector ABBV-2222/GLPG2222. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 372:107-118. [PMID: 31732698 PMCID: PMC11047061 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.261800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common monogenic autosomal recessive disease in Caucasians caused by pathogenic mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene (CFTR). Significant small molecule therapeutic advances over the past two decades have been made to target the defective CFTR protein and enhance its function. To address the most prevalent defect of the defective CFTR protein (i.e., F508del mutation) in CF, two biomolecular activities are required, namely, correctors to increase the amount of properly folded F508delCFTR levels at the cell surface and potentiators to allow the effective opening, i.e., function of the F508delCFTR channel. Combined, these activities enhance chloride ion transport yielding improved hydration of the lung surface and subsequent restoration of mucociliary clearance. To enhance clinical benefits to CF patients, a complementary triple combination therapy consisting of two corrector molecules, type 1 (C1) and type 2, with additive mechanisms along with a potentiator are being investigated in the clinic for maximum restoration of mutated CFTR function. We report the identification and in vitro biologic characterization of ABBV-2222/GLPG2222 (4-[(2R,4R)-4-({[1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)cyclopropyl]carbonyl}amino)-7-(difluoromethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzoic acid),-a novel, potent, and orally bioavailable C1 corrector developed by AbbVie-Galapagos and currently in clinical trials-which exhibits substantial improvements over the existing C1 correctors. This includes improvements in potency and drug-drug interaction (DDI) compared with 3-(6-(1-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)cyclopropanecarboxamido)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)benzoic acid (VX-809, Lumacaftor) and improvements in potency and efficacy compared with 1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-N-[1-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-6-fluoro-2-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)indol-5-yl]cyclopropane-1-carboxamide (VX-661, Tezacaftor). ABBV-2222/GLPG2222 exhibits potent in vitro functional activity in primary patient cells harboring F508del/F508del CFTR with an EC50 value <10 nM. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: To address the most prevalent defect of the defective CFTR protein (i.e., F508del mutation) in cystic fibrosis, AbbVie-Galapagos has developed ABBV-2222/GLPG2222, a novel, potent, and orally bioavailable C1 corrector of this protein. ABBV-2222/GLPG2222, which is currently in clinical trials, exhibits potent in vitro functional activity in primary patient cells harboring F508del/F508del CFTR and substantial improvements over the existing C1 correctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvani K Singh
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Yihong Fan
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Corina Balut
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Sara Alani
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Arlene M Manelli
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Andrew M Swensen
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Ying Jia
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Torben R Neelands
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Timothy A Vortherms
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Bo Liu
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Xenia B Searle
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Xueqing Wang
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Wenqing Gao
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Tzyh-Chang Hwang
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Hong Y Ren
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Douglas Cyr
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Philip R Kym
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Katja Conrath
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
| | - Chris Tse
- AbbVie Inc., iSAT, North Chicago, Illinois (A.K.S., Y.F., C.B., S.A., A.M.M., A.M.S., Y.J., T.R.N., T.A.V., B.L., X.B.S., X.W., W.G., P.R.K., C.T.); Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (T.-C.H.); Department of Cell Biology and University of North Carolina Cystic Fibrosis Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (H.Y.R., D.C.); and Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium (K.C.)
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91
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Zaman K, Knight J, Hussain F, Cao R, Estabrooks SK, Altawallbeh G, Holloway K, Jafri A, Sawczak V, Li Y, Getsy P, Sun F, Raffay T, Cotton C, Brodsky JL, Periasamy A, Lewis SJ, Gaston B. S-Nitrosylation of CHIP Enhances F508Del-CFTR Maturation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 61:765-775. [PMID: 31596601 PMCID: PMC6890399 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0314oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) are endogenous signaling molecules that have numerous beneficial effects on the airway via cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent and -independent processes. Healthy human airways contain SNOs, but SNO levels are lower in the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this study, we examined the interaction between SNOs and the molecular cochaperone C-terminus Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP), which is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets improperly folded CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) for subsequent degradation. Both CFBE41o- cells expressing either wild-type or F508del-CFTR and primary human bronchial epithelial cells express CHIP. Confocal microscopy and IP studies showed the cellular colocalization of CFTR and CHIP, and showed that S-nitrosoglutathione inhibits the CHIP-CFTR interaction. SNOs significantly reduced both the expression and activity of CHIP, leading to higher levels of both the mature and immature forms of F508del-CFTR. In fact, SNO inhibition of the function and expression of CHIP not only improved the maturation of CFTR but also increased CFTR's stability at the cell membrane. S-nitrosoglutathione-treated cells also had more S-nitrosylated CHIP and less ubiquitinated CFTR than cells that were not treated, suggesting that the S-nitrosylation of CHIP prevents the ubiquitination of CFTR by inhibiting CHIP's E3 ubiquitin ligase function. Furthermore, the exogenous SNOs S-nitrosoglutathione diethyl ester and S-nitro-N-acetylcysteine increased the expression of CFTR at the cell surface. After CHIP knockdown with siRNA duplexes specific for CHIP, F508del-CFTR expression increased at the cell surface. We conclude that SNOs effectively reduce CHIP-mediated degradation of CFTR, resulting in increased F508del-CFTR expression on airway epithelial cell surfaces. Together, these findings indicate that S-nitrosylation of CHIP is a novel mechanism of CFTR correction, and we anticipate that these insights will allow different SNOs to be optimized as agents for CF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalequz Zaman
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Julia Knight
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Faraaz Hussain
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ruofan Cao
- W. M. Keck Center for Cellular Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Samuel K. Estabrooks
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Ghaith Altawallbeh
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kristopher Holloway
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anjum Jafri
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Victoria Sawczak
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yuejin Li
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Paulina Getsy
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Thomas Raffay
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Calvin Cotton
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey L. Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Ammasi Periasamy
- W. M. Keck Center for Cellular Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Benjamin Gaston
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
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92
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Amaral MD, Hutt DM, Tomati V, Botelho HM, Pedemonte N. CFTR processing, trafficking and interactions. J Cyst Fibros 2019; 19 Suppl 1:S33-S36. [PMID: 31680043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mutations associated with cystic fibrosis (CF) have complex effects on the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common CF mutation, F508del, disrupts the processing to and stability at the plasma membrane and function as a Cl- channel. CFTR is surrounded by a dynamic network of interacting components, referred to as the CFTR Functional Landscape, that impact its synthesis, folding, stability, trafficking and function. CFTR interacting proteins can be manipulated by functional genomic approaches to rescue the trafficking and functional defects characteristic of CF. Here we review recent efforts to elucidate the impact of genetic variation on the ability of the nascent CFTR polypeptide to interact with the proteostatic environment. We also provide an overview of how specific components of this protein network can be modulated to rescue the trafficking and functional defects associated with the F508del variant of CFTR. The identification of novel proteins playing key roles in the processing of CFTR could pave the way for their use as novel therapeutic targets to provide synergistic correction of mutant CFTR for the greater benefit of individuals with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida D Amaral
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Portugal
| | - Darren M Hutt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Valeria Tomati
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, Genova 16147, Italy
| | - Hugo M Botelho
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Portugal
| | - Nicoletta Pedemonte
- UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, Genova 16147, Italy.
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93
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Short-term consequences of F508del-CFTR thermal instability on CFTR-dependent transepithelial currents in human airway epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13729. [PMID: 31551433 PMCID: PMC6760155 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) channel in human airway epithelial cells are responsible for Cystic Fibrosis. A deleterious impact of physiological temperature on CFTR plasma membrane expression, residence and channel activity is characteristic of the most common and severe CF mutation, F508del. Using primary human F508del-airway epithelial cells and CF bronchial epithelial CFBE41o- cell lines expressing F508del- or WT-CFTR, we examined the effects of temperature (29 °C-39 °C) on the amplitude and stability of short-circuit CFTR-dependent currents over time and the efficiency of pharmacological strategies to stably restore F508del-CFTR function. We show that F508del-CFTR functional instability at 37 °C is not prevented by low temperature or VX-809 correction, genistein and VX-770 potentiators, nor by the combination VX-809/VX-770. Moreover, F508del-CFTR-dependent currents 30 minutes after CFTR activation at 37 °C did not significantly differ whether a potentiator was used or not. We demonstrate that F508del-CFTR function loss is aggravated at temperatures above 37 °C while limited by a small decrease of temperature and show that the more F508del-CFTR is stimulated, the faster the current loss happens. Our study highlights the existence of a temperature-dependent process inhibiting the function of F508del-CFTR, possibly explaining the low efficacy of pharmacological drugs in clinic.
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94
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Matos AM, Pinto FR, Barros P, Amaral MD, Pepperkok R, Matos P. Inhibition of calpain 1 restores plasma membrane stability to pharmacologically rescued Phe508del-CFTR variant. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13396-13410. [PMID: 31324722 PMCID: PMC6737230 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride channel normally expressed at the surface of epithelial cells. The most frequent mutation, resulting in Phe-508 deletion, causes CFTR misfolding and its premature degradation. Low temperature or pharmacological correctors can partly rescue the Phe508del-CFTR processing defect and enhance trafficking of this channel variant to the plasma membrane (PM). Nevertheless, the rescued channels have an increased endocytosis rate, being quickly removed from the PM by the peripheral protein quality-control pathway. We previously reported that rescued Phe508del-CFTR (rPhe508del) can be retained at the cell surface by stimulating signaling pathways that coax the adaptor molecule ezrin (EZR) to tether rPhe508del-Na+/H+-exchange regulatory factor-1 complexes to the actin cytoskeleton, thereby averting the rapid internalization of this channel variant. However, the molecular basis for why rPhe508del fails to recruit active EZR to the PM remains elusive. Here, using a proteomics approach, we characterized and compared the core components of wt-CFTR- or rPhe508del-containing macromolecular complexes at the surface of human bronchial epithelial cells. We identified calpain 1 (CAPN1) as an exclusive rPhe508del interactor that prevents active EZR recruitment, impairs rPhe508del anchoring to actin, and reduces its stability in the PM. We show that either CAPN1 down-regulation or its chemical inhibition dramatically improves the functional rescue of Phe508del-CFTR in airway cells. These observations suggest that CAPN1 constitutes an appealing target for pharmacological intervention, as part of CF combination therapies restoring Phe508del-CFTR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Matos
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francisco R Pinto
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Barros
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rainer Pepperkok
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit and Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paulo Matos
- Department of Human Genetics, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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95
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Hou X, Wu Q, Rajagopalan C, Zhang C, Bouhamdan M, Wei H, Chen X, Zaman K, Li C, Sun X, Chen S, Frizzell RA, Sun F. CK19 stabilizes CFTR at the cell surface by limiting its endocytic pathway degradation. FASEB J 2019; 33:12602-12615. [PMID: 31450978 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901050r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein interactions that stabilize the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) at the apical membranes of epithelial cells have not yet been fully elucidated. We identified keratin 19 (CK19 or K19) as a novel CFTR-interacting protein. CK19 overexpression stabilized both wild-type (WT)-CFTR and Lumacaftor (VX-809)-rescued F508del-CFTR (where F508del is the deletion of the phenylalanine residue at position 508) at the plasma membrane (PM), promoting Cl- secretion across human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. CK19 prevention of Rab7A-mediated lysosomal degradation was a key mechanism in apical CFTR stabilization. Unexpectedly, CK19 expression was decreased by ∼40% in primary HBE cells from homogenous F508del patients with CF relative to non-CF controls. CK19 also positively regulated multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 expression at the PM, suggesting that this keratin may regulate the apical expression of other ATP-binding cassette proteins as well as CFTR.-Hou, X., Wu, Q., Rajagopalan, C., Zhang, C., Bouhamdan, M., Wei, H., Chen, X., Zaman, K., Li, C., Sun, X., Chen, S., Frizzell, R. A., Sun, F. CK19 stabilizes CFTR at the cell surface by limiting its endocytic pathway degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hou
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Qingtian Wu
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Carthic Rajagopalan
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Chunbing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Mohamad Bouhamdan
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Hongguang Wei
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Xuequn Chen
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Khalequz Zaman
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Chunying Li
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaonan Sun
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Song Chen
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huai'an, China
| | - Raymond A Frizzell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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96
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Liu Q, Sabirzhanova I, Bergbower EAS, Yanda M, Guggino WG, Cebotaru L. The CFTR Corrector, VX-809 (Lumacaftor), Rescues ABCA4 Trafficking Mutants: a Potential Treatment for Stargardt Disease. Cell Physiol Biochem 2019; 53:400-412. [PMID: 31403270 DOI: 10.33594/000000146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Mutations in ABCA4 cause Stargardt macular degeneration, which invariably ends in legal blindness. We studied two common mutants, A1038V (in NBD1) and G1961E (in NBD2), with the purpose of exploring how they interact with the cell's quality control mechanism. The study was designed to determine how these mutants can be rescued. METHODS We expressed wt and mutant ABCA4 in HEK293 cells and studied the effect of the mutations on trafficking and processing and the ability of correctors to rescue them. We used a combination of western blotting, confocal microscopy and surface biotinylation coupled with pulldown of plasma membrane proteins. RESULTS G1961E is sensitive to inhibitors of the aggresome, tubacin and the lysosome, bafilomycin A. Both mutants cause a reduction in heat shock protein, Hsp27. Incubation of HEK293 cells expressing the mutants with VX-809, an FDA approved drug for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, increased the levels of A1038V and G1961E by 2- to 3-fold. Importantly, VX-809 increased the levels of both mutants at the plasma membrane suggesting that trafficking had been restored. Transfecting additional Hsp27 to the cells also increased the steady state levels of both mutants. However, in combination with VX-809 the addition of Hsp27 caused a dramatic increase in the protein expression particularly in the G1961 mutant which increased approximately 5-fold. CONCLUSION Our results provide a new mechanism for the rescue of ABCA4 trafficking mutants based on the restoration of Hsp27. Our results provide a pathway for the treatment of Stargardt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangni Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Inna Sabirzhanova
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emily Anne Smith Bergbower
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Murali Yanda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William G Guggino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liudmila Cebotaru
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,
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97
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Kim Chiaw P, Hantouche C, Wong MJH, Matthes E, Robert R, Hanrahan JW, Shrier A, Young JC. Hsp70 and DNAJA2 limit CFTR levels through degradation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220984. [PMID: 31408507 PMCID: PMC6692068 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis is caused by mutations in the CFTR anion channel, many of which cause its misfolding and degradation. CFTR folding depends on the Hsc70 and Hsp70 chaperones and their co-chaperone DNAJA1, but Hsc70/Hsp70 is also involved in CFTR degradation. Here, we address how these opposing functions are balanced. DNAJA2 and DNAJA1 were both important for CFTR folding, however overexpressing DNAJA2 but not DNAJA1 enhanced CFTR degradation at the endoplasmic reticulum by Hsc70/Hsp70 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP. Excess Hsp70 also promoted CFTR degradation, but this occurred through the lysosomal pathway and required CHIP but not complex formation with HOP and Hsp90. Notably, the Hsp70 inhibitor MKT077 enhanced levels of mature CFTR and the most common disease variant ΔF508-CFTR, by slowing turnover and allowing delayed maturation, respectively. MKT077 also boosted the channel activity of ΔF508-CFTR when combined with the corrector compound VX809. Thus, the Hsp70 system is the major determinant of CFTR degradation, and its modulation can partially relieve the misfolding phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Kim Chiaw
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Hantouche
- Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael J. H. Wong
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Matthes
- Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Renaud Robert
- Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John W. Hanrahan
- Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alvin Shrier
- Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jason C. Young
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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98
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Cabrini G. Innovative Therapies for Cystic Fibrosis: The Road from Treatment to Cure. Mol Diagn Ther 2019; 23:263-279. [PMID: 30478715 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-018-0372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), a life-threatening multiorgan genetic disease, is facing a new era of research and development using innovative gene-directed personalized therapies. The priority organ to cure is the lung, which suffers recurrent and chronic bacterial infection and inflammation since infancy, representing the main cause of morbidity and precocious mortality of these individuals. After the disappointing failure of gene-replacement approaches using gene therapy vectors, no single drug is presently available to repair all the CF gene defects. The impressive number of different CF gene mutations is now tackled with different chemical and biotechnological tools tailored to the specific molecular derangements, thanks to the extensive knowledge acquired over many years on the mechanisms of CF cell and organ pathology. This review provides an overview and recalls both the successes and limitations of the different experimental approaches, such as high-throughput screening on chemical libraries to discover CF gene correctors and potentiators, dual-acting compounds, read-through molecules, splicing defect repairing tools, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) "amplifiers," CFTR interactome modulators and the first gene editing attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Cabrini
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, University Hospital, Verona, Italy. .,Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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99
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Bioactive Thymosin Alpha-1 Does Not Influence F508del-CFTR Maturation and Activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10310. [PMID: 31311979 PMCID: PMC6635361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of phenylalanine 508 (F508del) in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) anion channel is the most frequent mutation causing cystic fibrosis (CF). F508del-CFTR is misfolded and prematurely degraded. Recently thymosin a-1 (Tα-1) was proposed as a single molecule-based therapy for CF, improving both F508del-CFTR maturation and function by restoring defective autophagy. However, three independent laboratories failed to reproduce these results. Lack of reproducibility has been ascribed by the authors of the original paper to the use of DMSO and to improper handling. Here, we address these potential issues by demonstrating that Tα-1 changes induced by DMSO are fully reversible and that Tα-1 peptides prepared from different stock solutions have equivalent biological activity. Considering the negative results here reported, six independent laboratories failed to demonstrate F508del-CFTR correction by Tα-1. This study also calls into question the autophagy modulator cysteamine, since no rescue of mutant CFTR function was detected following treatment with cysteamine, while deleterious effects were observed when bronchial epithelia were exposed to cysteamine plus the antioxidant food supplement EGCG. Although these studies do not exclude the possibility of beneficial immunomodulatory effects of thymosin α-1, they do not support its utility as a corrector of F508del-CFTR.
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100
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Hanrahan JW, Sato Y, Carlile GW, Jansen G, Young JC, Thomas DY. Cystic Fibrosis: Proteostatic correctors of CFTR trafficking and alternative therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:711-724. [PMID: 31169041 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1628948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most frequent lethal orphan disease and is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. The most frequent mutation F508del-CFTR affects multiple organs; infections and subsequent infections and complications in the lung lead to death. Areas covered: This review focuses on new targets and mechanisms that are attracting interest for the development of CF therapies. The F508del-CFTR protein is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) but has some function if it can traffic to the plasma membrane. Cell-based assays have been used to screen chemical libraries for small molecule correctors that restore its trafficking. Pharmacological chaperones are correctors that bind directly to the F508del-CFTR mutant and promote its folding and trafficking. Other correctors fall into a heterogeneous class of proteostasis modulators that act indirectly by altering cellular homeostasis. Expert opinion: Pharmacological chaperones have so far been the most successful correctors of F508del-CFTR trafficking, but their level of correction means that more than one corrector is required. Proteostasis modulators have low levels of correction but hold promise because some can correct several different CFTR mutations. Identification of their cellular targets and the potential for development may lead to new therapies for CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Hanrahan
- a Department of Physiology , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada.,c Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada
| | - Yukiko Sato
- a Department of Physiology , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada.,b Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research centre , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada
| | - Graeme W Carlile
- b Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research centre , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada.,d Department of Biochemistry , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada
| | - Gregor Jansen
- d Department of Biochemistry , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada
| | - Jason C Young
- b Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research centre , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada.,d Department of Biochemistry , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada
| | - David Y Thomas
- b Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research centre , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada.,d Department of Biochemistry , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada.,e Department of Human Genetics , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada
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