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Golovchanskiy IA, Abramov NN, Stolyarov VS, Weides M, Ryazanov VV, Golubov AA, Ustinov AV, Kupriyanov MY. Ultrastrong photon-to-magnon coupling in multilayered heterostructures involving superconducting coherence via ferromagnetic layers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe8638. [PMID: 34144980 PMCID: PMC8213224 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe8638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The critical step for future quantum industry demands realization of efficient information exchange between different-platform hybrid systems that can harvest advantages of distinct platforms. The major restraining factor for the progress in certain hybrids is weak coupling strength between the elemental particles. In particular, this restriction impedes a promising field of hybrid magnonics. In this work, we propose an approach for realization of on-chip hybrid magnonic systems with unprecedentedly strong coupling parameters. The approach is based on multilayered microstructures containing superconducting, insulating, and ferromagnetic layers with modified photon phase velocities and magnon eigenfrequencies. The enhanced coupling strength is provided by the radically reduced photon mode volume. Study of the microscopic mechanism of the photon-to-magnon coupling evidences formation of the long-range superconducting coherence via thick strong ferromagnetic layers in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor trilayer in the presence of magnetization precession. This discovery offers new opportunities in microwave superconducting spintronics for quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Golovchanskiy
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia.
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Nikolay N Abramov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Vasily S Stolyarov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Sushchevskaya 22, Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Martin Weides
- James Watt School of Engineering, Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Valery V Ryazanov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
- Institute of Solid State Physics (ISSP RAS), Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Alexander A Golubov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia
- Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Alexey V Ustinov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 4 Leninsky prosp., Moscow 119049, Russia
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, 143025 Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu Kupriyanov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, MSU, Moscow 119991, Russia
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52
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Xu J, Zhong C, Han X, Jin D, Jiang L, Zhang X. Coherent Gate Operations in Hybrid Magnonics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:207202. [PMID: 34110202 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.207202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnonics-the hybridization of spin excitations and electromagnetic waves-has been recognized as a promising candidate for coherent information processing in recent years. Among its various implementations, the lack of available approaches for real-time manipulation on the system dynamics has become a common and urgent limitation. In this work, by introducing a fast and uniform modulation technique, we successfully demonstrate a series of benchmark coherent gate operations in hybrid magnonics, including semiclassical analogies of Landau-Zener transitions, Rabi oscillations, Ramsey interference, and controlled mode swap operations. Our approach lays the groundwork for dynamical manipulation of coherent signals in hybrid magnonics and can be generalized to a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Changchun Zhong
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xu Han
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Dafei Jin
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Liang Jiang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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53
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Nair JMP, Mukhopadhyay D, Agarwal GS. Enhanced Sensing of Weak Anharmonicities through Coherences in Dissipatively Coupled Anti-PT Symmetric Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:180401. [PMID: 34018771 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.180401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, the great utility of exceptional points in sensing linear perturbations has been recognized. However, physical systems are inherently anharmonic and macroscopic physics is most accurately described by nonlinear models. Considering the multitude of semiclassical and quantum effects ensuing from nonlinear interactions, the sensing of anharmonicities is a prerequisite to the primed control of these effects. Here, we propose an expedient sensing scheme relevant to dissipatively coupled anti parity-time (anti-PT) symmetric systems and customized for the fine-grained estimation of anharmonic perturbations. The sensitivity to anharmonicities is derived from the coherence between two modes induced by a common vacuum. Owing to this coherence, the linear response acquires a pole on the real axis. We demonstrate how this singularity can be exploited for the enhanced sensing of very weak anhamonicities at low pumping rates. Our results are applicable to a wide class of systems, and we specifically illustrate the remarkable sensing capabilities in the context of a weakly anharmonic yttrium iron garnet sphere interacting with a cavity via a tapered fiber waveguide. A small change in the anharmonicity leads to a substantial change in the induced spin current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakrishnan M P Nair
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Debsuvra Mukhopadhyay
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - G S Agarwal
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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54
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Etesamirad A, Rodriguez R, Bocanegra J, Verba R, Katine J, Krivorotov IN, Tyberkevych V, Ivanov B, Barsukov I. Controlling Magnon Interaction by a Nanoscale Switch. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:20288-20295. [PMID: 33885300 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control and tune magnetic dissipation is a key concept of emergent spintronic technologies. Magnon scattering processes constitute a major dissipation channel in nanomagnets, redefine their response to spin torque, and hold the promise for manipulating magnetic states on the quantum level. Controlling these processes in nanomagnets, while being imperative for spintronic applications, has remained difficult to achieve. Here, we propose an approach for controlling magnon scattering by a switch that generates nonuniform magnetic field at nanoscale. We provide an experimental demonstration in magnetic tunnel junction nanodevices, consisting of a free layer and a synthetic antiferromagnet. By triggering the spin-flop transition in the synthetic antiferromagnet and utilizing its stray field, magnon interaction in the free layer is toggled. The results open up avenues for tuning nonlinearities in magnetic neuromorphic applications and for engineering coherent magnon coupling in hybrid quantum information technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Etesamirad
- Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Rodolfo Rodriguez
- Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Joshua Bocanegra
- Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | | | - Jordan Katine
- Western Digital, San Jose, California 95119, United States
| | - Ilya N Krivorotov
- Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Vasyl Tyberkevych
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | | | - Igor Barsukov
- Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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55
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Luo DW, Qian XF, Yu T. Nonlocal magnon entanglement generation in coupled hybrid cavity systems. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:1073-1076. [PMID: 33649660 DOI: 10.1364/ol.414975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate dynamical generation of macroscopic nonlocal entanglements between two remote massive magnon-superconducting-circuit hybrid systems. Two fiber-coupled microwave cavities are employed to serve as an interaction channel connecting two sets of macroscopic hybrid units, each containing a magnon (hosted by an yttrium-iron-garnet sphere) and a superconducting-circuit qubit. Surprisingly, it is found that stronger coupling does not necessarily mean faster entanglement generation. The proposed hybrid system allows the existence of an optimal fiber coupling strength that requires the shortest amount of time to generate a systematic maximal entanglement. Our theoretical results are shown to be within the scope of specific parameters that can be achieved with current technology. The noise effects on the implementation of systems are also treated in a general environment, suggesting the robustness of entanglement generation. Our discrete-variable qubit-like entanglement theory of magnons may lead to direct applications in various quantum information tasks.
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56
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Li Y, Zhao C, Amin VP, Zhang Z, Vogel M, Xiong Y, Sklenar J, Divan R, Pearson J, Stiles MD, Zhang W, Hoffmann A, Novosad V. Phase-resolved electrical detection of hybrid magnonic devices. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2021; 118:10.1063/5.0042784. [PMID: 36452035 PMCID: PMC9706546 DOI: 10.1063/5.0042784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the electrical detection of magnon-magnon hybrid dynamics in yttrium iron garnet/permalloy (YIG/Py) thin film bilayer devices. Direct microwave current injection through the conductive Py layer excites the hybrid dynamics consisting of the uniform mode of Py and the first standing spin wave (n = 1) mode of YIG, which are coupled via interfacial exchange. Both the two hybrid modes, with Py or YIG dominated excitations, can be detected via the spin rectification signals from the conductive Py layer, providing phase resolution of the coupled dynamics. The phase characterization is also applied to a nonlocally excited Py device, revealing the additional phase shift due to the perpendicular Oersted field. Our results provide a device platform for exploring hybrid magnonic dynamics and probing their phases, which are crucial for implementing coherent information processing with magnon excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA†
| | - Chenbo Zhao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA†
| | - Vivek P. Amin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Zhizhi Zhang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA†
| | - Michael Vogel
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA†
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - Yuzan Xiong
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA†
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
| | - Joseph Sklenar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Ralu Divan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - John Pearson
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA†
| | - Mark D. Stiles
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA†
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
| | - Axel Hoffmann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Valentine Novosad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA†
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57
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Xu J, Zhong C, Han X, Jin D, Jiang L, Zhang X. Floquet Cavity Electromagnonics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:237201. [PMID: 33337181 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.237201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid magnonics has recently attracted intensive attention as a promising platform for coherent information processing. In spite of its rapid development, on-demand control over the interaction of magnons with other information carriers, in particular, microwave photons in electromagnonic systems, has been long missing, significantly limiting the potential broad applications of hybrid magnonics. Here, we show that, by introducing Floquet engineering into cavity electromagnonics, coherent control on the magnon-microwave photon coupling can be realized. Leveraging the periodic temporal modulation from a Floquet drive, our first-of-its-kind Floquet cavity electromagnonic system enables the manipulation of the interaction between hybridized cavity electromagnonic modes. Moreover, we have achieved a new coupling regime in such systems: the Floquet ultrastrong coupling, where the Floquet splitting is comparable with or even larger than the level spacing of the two interacting modes, beyond the conventional rotating-wave picture. Our findings open up new directions for magnon-based coherent signal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Changchun Zhong
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xu Han
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Dafei Jin
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Liang Jiang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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58
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Abstract
To explore the further possibilities of nanometer-thick ferromagnetic films (ultrathin ferromagnetic films), we investigated the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) of 1 nm-thick Co film. Whilst an FMR signal was not observed for the Co film grown on a SiO2 substrate, the insertion of a 3 nm-thick amorphous Ta buffer layer beneath the Co enabled the detection of a salient FMR signal, which was attributed to the smooth surface of the amorphous Ta. This result implies the excitation of FMR in an ultrathin ferromagnetic film, which can pave the way to controlling magnons in ultrathin ferromagnetic films.
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59
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Hirosawa T, Díaz SA, Klinovaja J, Loss D. Magnonic Quadrupole Topological Insulator in Antiskyrmion Crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:207204. [PMID: 33258632 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.207204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We uncover that antiskyrmion crystals provide an experimentally accessible platform to realize a magnonic quadrupole topological insulator, whose hallmark signatures are robust magnonic corner states. Furthermore, we show that tuning an applied magnetic field can trigger the self-assembly of antiskyrmions carrying a fractional topological charge along the sample edges. Crucially, these fractional antiskyrmions restore the symmetries needed to enforce the emergence of the magnonic corner states. Using the machinery of nested Wilson loops, adapted to magnonic systems supported by noncollinear magnetic textures, we demonstrate the quantization of the bulk quadrupole moment, edge dipole moments, and corner charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Hirosawa
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Sebastián A Díaz
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jelena Klinovaja
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Loss
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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60
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Yang ZB, Liu JS, Jin H, Zhu QH, Zhu AD, Liu HY, Ming Y, Yang RC. Entanglement enhanced by Kerr nonlinearity in a cavity-optomagnonics system. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:31862-31871. [PMID: 33115150 DOI: 10.1364/oe.404522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a method to enhance steady-state bipartite and tripartite entanglement in a cavity-optomagnonics system by utilizing the Kerr nonlinearity originating from the magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The system comprises two microwave cavities and a magnon and represents the collective motion of several spins in a macroscopic ferrimagnet. We prove that Kerr nonlinearity is reliable for the enhancement of entanglement and produces a small frequency shift in the optimal detuning. Our system is more robust against the environment-induced decoherence than traditional optomechanical systems. Finally, we briefly analyze the validity of the system and demonstrate its feasibility for detecting the generated entanglement.
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61
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Liu ZX, Xiong H. Magnon laser based on Brillouin light scattering. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:5452-5455. [PMID: 33001917 DOI: 10.1364/ol.401689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An analogous laser action of magnons has become a subject of interest, and it is crucial for the study of nonlinear magnons spintronics. In this Letter, we demonstrate the magnon laser behavior based on Brillouin light scattering in a ferrimagnetic insulator sphere, which supports optical whispering gallery modes and magnon resonances. We show that the excited magnon plays what has traditionally been the role of the Stokes wave and is coherently amplified during the Brillouin scattering process, making the magnon laser possible. Furthermore, the stimulating excited magnon number increasing exponentially with the input light power can be manipulated by adjusting the external magnetic field. In addition to providing insight into magneto-optical interaction, the study of the magnon laser action will help to develop novel, to the best of our knowledge, technologies for handling spin-wave excitations, and it could affect scientific fields beyond magnonics. Potential applications range from preparing coherent magnon sources to operating on-chip functional magnetic devices.
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62
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Wolski SP, Lachance-Quirion D, Tabuchi Y, Kono S, Noguchi A, Usami K, Nakamura Y. Dissipation-Based Quantum Sensing of Magnons with a Superconducting Qubit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:117701. [PMID: 32975985 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.117701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid quantum devices expand the tools and techniques available for quantum sensing in various fields. Here, we experimentally demonstrate quantum sensing of a steady-state magnon population in a magnetostatic mode of a ferrimagnetic crystal. Dispersively coupling the magnetostatic mode to a superconducting qubit allows for the detection of magnons using Ramsey interferometry with a sensitivity on the order of 10^{-3} magnons/sqrt[Hz]. The protocol is based on dissipation as dephasing via fluctuations in the magnetostatic mode reduces the qubit coherence proportionally to the number of magnons.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Wolski
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - D Lachance-Quirion
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Y Tabuchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - S Kono
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Noguchi
- Komaba Institute for Science (KIS), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - K Usami
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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63
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Xiong Y, Li Y, Hammami M, Bidthanapally R, Sklenar J, Zhang X, Qu H, Srinivasan G, Pearson J, Hoffmann A, Novosad V, Zhang W. Probing magnon-magnon coupling in exchange coupled Y[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text]/Permalloy bilayers with magneto-optical effects. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12548. [PMID: 32724049 PMCID: PMC7387351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69364-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate the magnetically-induced transparency (MIT) effect in Y[Formula: see text]Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text](YIG)/Permalloy (Py) coupled bilayers. The measurement is achieved via a heterodyne detection of the coupled magnetization dynamics using a single wavelength that probes the magneto-optical Kerr and Faraday effects of Py and YIG, respectively. Clear features of the MIT effect are evident from the deeply modulated ferromagnetic resonance of Py due to the perpendicular-standing-spin-wave of YIG. We develop a phenomenological model that nicely reproduces the experimental results including the induced amplitude and phase evolution caused by the magnon-magnon coupling. Our work offers a new route towards studying phase-resolved spin dynamics and hybrid magnonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzan Xiong
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309 USA
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309 USA
| | - Yi Li
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - Mouhamad Hammami
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309 USA
| | | | - Joseph Sklenar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - Hongwei Qu
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309 USA
| | | | - John Pearson
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - Axel Hoffmann
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Valentine Novosad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309 USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
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64
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Nambu Y, Barker J, Okino Y, Kikkawa T, Shiomi Y, Enderle M, Weber T, Winn B, Graves-Brook M, Tranquada JM, Ziman T, Fujita M, Bauer GEW, Saitoh E, Kakurai K. Observation of Magnon Polarization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:027201. [PMID: 32701305 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.027201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We measure the mode-resolved direction of the precessional motion of the magnetic order, i.e., magnon polarization, via the chiral term of inelastic polarized neutron scattering spectra. The magnon polarization is a unique and unambiguous signature of magnets and is important in spintronics, affecting thermodynamic properties such as the magnitude and sign of the spin Seebeck effect. However, it has never been directly measured in any material until this work. The observation of both signs of magnon polarization in Y_{3}Fe_{5}O_{12} also gives direct proof of its ferrimagnetic nature. The experiments agree very well with atomistic simulations of the scattering cross section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nambu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - J Barker
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Y Okino
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - T Kikkawa
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Y Shiomi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - M Enderle
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - T Weber
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - B Winn
- Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL), Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M Graves-Brook
- Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL), Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J M Tranquada
- Brookhaven National Lab (BNL), Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Ziman
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 38042 Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPMMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M Fujita
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - G E W Bauer
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - E Saitoh
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai 319-1195, Japan
| | - K Kakurai
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society (CROSS), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Materials Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai 319-1195, Japan
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65
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Shiota Y, Taniguchi T, Ishibashi M, Moriyama T, Ono T. Tunable Magnon-Magnon Coupling Mediated by Dynamic Dipolar Interaction in Synthetic Antiferromagnets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:017203. [PMID: 32678634 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.017203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental observation of magnon-magnon coupling in interlayer exchange coupled synthetic antiferromagnets of FeCoB/Ru/FeCoB layers. An anticrossing gap of spin-wave resonance between acoustic and optic modes appears when the external magnetic field points to the direction tilted from the spin-wave propagation. The magnitude of the gap (i.e., coupling strength) can be controlled by changing the direction of the in-plane magnetic field and also enhanced by increasing the wave number of excited spin waves. We find that the coupling strength under the specified conditions is larger than the dissipation rates of both the resonance modes, indicating that a strong coupling regime is satisfied. A theoretical analysis based on the Landau-Lifshitz equation shows quantitative agreement with the experiments and indicates that the anticrossing gap appears when the exchange symmetry of two magnetizations is broken by the spin-wave excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Shiota
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Taniguchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Spintronic Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Mio Ishibashi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takahiro Moriyama
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Teruo Ono
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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66
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Li Y, Cao W, Amin VP, Zhang Z, Gibbons J, Sklenar J, Pearson J, Haney PM, Stiles MD, Bailey WE, Novosad V, Hoffmann A, Zhang W. Coherent Spin Pumping in a Strongly Coupled Magnon-Magnon Hybrid System. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:117202. [PMID: 32242705 PMCID: PMC7489308 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.117202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally identify coherent spin pumping in the magnon-magnon hybrid modes of yttrium iron garnet/permalloy (YIG/Py) bilayers. By reducing the YIG and Py thicknesses, the strong interfacial exchange coupling leads to large avoided crossings between the uniform mode of Py and the spin wave modes of YIG enabling accurate determination of modification of the linewidths due to the dampinglike torque. We identify additional linewidth suppression and enhancement for the in-phase and out-of-phase hybrid modes, respectively, which can be interpreted as concerted dampinglike torque from spin pumping. Furthermore, varying the Py thickness shows that both the fieldlike and dampinglike couplings vary like 1/sqrt[t_{Py}], verifying the prediction by the coupled Landau-Lifshitz equations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Wei Cao
- Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Vivek P. Amin
- Maryland Nanocenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Zhizhi Zhang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jonathan Gibbons
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Joseph Sklenar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - John Pearson
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Paul M. Haney
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Mark D. Stiles
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - William E. Bailey
- Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Valentine Novosad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Axel Hoffmann
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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67
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Yuan HY, Yan P, Zheng S, He QY, Xia K, Yung MH. Steady Bell State Generation via Magnon-Photon Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:053602. [PMID: 32083914 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.053602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We show that parity-time (PT) symmetry can be spontaneously broken in the recently reported energy level attraction of magnons and cavity photons. In the PT-broken phase, the magnon and photon form a high-fidelity Bell state with maximum entanglement. This entanglement is steady and robust against the perturbation of the environment, which is in contrast to the general wisdom that expects instability of the hybridized state when the symmetry is broken. This anomaly is further understood by the compete of non-Hermitian evolution and particle number conservation of the hybrid system. As a comparison, neither PT-symmetry breaking nor steady magnon-photon entanglement is observed inside the normal level repulsion case. Our results may open an exciting window to utilize magnon-photon entanglement as a resource for quantum information science.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Yuan
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peng Yan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Shasha Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Q Y He
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Ke Xia
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Man-Hong Yung
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Central Research Institute, Huawei Technologies, Shenzhen 518129, China
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68
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Lachance-Quirion D, Wolski SP, Tabuchi Y, Kono S, Usami K, Nakamura Y. Entanglement-based single-shot detection of a single magnon with a superconducting qubit. Science 2020; 367:425-428. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz9236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dany Lachance-Quirion
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Samuel Piotr Wolski
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tabuchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Shingo Kono
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Koji Usami
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Nakamura
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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69
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Yu W, Wang J, Yuan HY, Xiao J. Prediction of Attractive Level Crossing via a Dissipative Mode. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:227201. [PMID: 31868418 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.227201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The new field of spin cavitronics focuses on the interaction between the magnon excitation of a magnetic element and the electromagnetic wave in a microwave cavity. In the strong interaction regime, such an interaction usually gives rise to the level anticrossing for the magnonic and the electromagnetic mode. Recently, the attractive level crossing has been observed, and it is explained by a non-Hermitian model Hamiltonian. However, the mechanism of such attractive coupling is still unclear. We reveal the secret by using a simple model with two harmonic oscillators coupled to a third oscillator with large dissipation. We further identify this dissipative third party as the invisible cavity mode with large leakage in cavity-magnon experiments. This understanding enables one to design dissipative coupling in all sorts of coupled systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Yu
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Jiongjie Wang
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - H Y Yuan
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Xiao
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute for Nanoelectronics Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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70
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Wang YP, Rao JW, Yang Y, Xu PC, Gui YS, Yao BM, You JQ, Hu CM. Nonreciprocity and Unidirectional Invisibility in Cavity Magnonics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:127202. [PMID: 31633946 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.127202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We reveal the cooperative effect of coherent and dissipative magnon-photon couplings in an open cavity magnonic system, which leads to nonreciprocity with a considerably large isolation ratio and flexible controllability. Furthermore, we discover unidirectional invisibility for microwave propagation, which appears at the zero-damping condition for hybrid magnon-photon modes. A simple model is developed to capture the generic physics of the interference between coherent and dissipative couplings, which accurately reproduces the observations over a broad range of parameters. This general scheme could inspire methods to achieve nonreciprocity in other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pu Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - J W Rao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Peng-Chao Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Y S Gui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - B M Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, People's Republic of China
| | - J Q You
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - C-M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
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71
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Liensberger L, Kamra A, Maier-Flaig H, Geprägs S, Erb A, Goennenwein STB, Gross R, Belzig W, Huebl H, Weiler M. Exchange-Enhanced Ultrastrong Magnon-Magnon Coupling in a Compensated Ferrimagnet. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:117204. [PMID: 31573248 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.117204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally study the spin dynamics in a gadolinium iron garnet single crystal using broadband ferromagnetic resonance. Close to the ferrimagnetic compensation temperature, we observe ultrastrong coupling of clockwise and counterclockwise magnon modes. The magnon-magnon coupling strength reaches almost 40% of the mode frequency and can be tuned by varying the direction of the external magnetic field. We theoretically explain the observed mode coupling as arising from the broken rotational symmetry due to a weak magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The effect of this anisotropy is exchange enhanced around the ferrimagnetic compensation point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Liensberger
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Akashdeep Kamra
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hannes Maier-Flaig
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Stephan Geprägs
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Andreas Erb
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Rudolf Gross
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Belzig
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Hans Huebl
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Weiler
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
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72
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Li Y, Polakovic T, Wang YL, Xu J, Lendinez S, Zhang Z, Ding J, Khaire T, Saglam H, Divan R, Pearson J, Kwok WK, Xiao Z, Novosad V, Hoffmann A, Zhang W. Strong Coupling between Magnons and Microwave Photons in On-Chip Ferromagnet-Superconductor Thin-Film Devices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:107701. [PMID: 31573284 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.107701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate strong magnon-photon coupling of a thin-film Permalloy device fabricated on a coplanar superconducting resonator. A coupling strength of 0.152 GHz and a cooperativity of 68 are found for a 30-nm-thick Permalloy stripe. The coupling strength is tunable by rotating the biasing magnetic field or changing the volume of Permalloy. We also observe an enhancement of magnon-photon coupling in the nonlinear regime of the superconducting resonator, which is attributed to the nucleation of dynamic flux vortices. Our results demonstrate a critical step towards future integrated hybrid systems for quantum magnonics and on-chip coherent information transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Tomas Polakovic
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Yong-Lei Wang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Sergi Lendinez
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Zhizhi Zhang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Junjia Ding
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Trupti Khaire
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Hilal Saglam
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - Ralu Divan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - John Pearson
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Zhili Xiao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Valentine Novosad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Axel Hoffmann
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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73
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Hou JT, Liu L. Strong Coupling between Microwave Photons and Nanomagnet Magnons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:107702. [PMID: 31573285 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.107702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coupled microwave photon-magnon hybrid systems offer promising applications by harnessing various magnon physics. At present, in order to realize high coupling strength between the two subsystems, bulky ferromagnets with large spin numbers are utilized, which limits their potential applications for scalable quantum information processing. By enhancing single spin coupling strength using lithographically defined superconducting resonators, we report high cooperativities between a resonator mode and a Kittel mode in nanometer thick Permalloy wires. The on-chip, lithographically scalable, and superconducting quantum circuit compatible design provides a direct route towards realizing hybrid quantum systems with nanomagnets, whose coupling strength can be precisely engineered and dynamic properties can be controlled by various mechanisms derived from spintronic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Hou
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Luqiao Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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74
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Meng F, Thomson MD, Klug B, Čibiraitė D, Ul-Islam Q, Roskos HG. Nonlocal collective ultrastrong interaction of plasmonic metamaterials and photons in a terahertz photonic crystal cavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:24455-24468. [PMID: 31510334 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.024455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Light-matter interaction in the strong coupling regime is of profound interest for fundamental quantum optics, information processing and the realization of ultrahigh-resolution sensors. Here, we report a new way to realize strong light-matter interaction, by coupling metamaterial plasmonic "quasi-particles" with photons in a photonic cavity, in the terahertz frequency range. The resultant cavity polaritons exhibit a splitting which can reach the ultra-strong coupling regime, even with the comparatively low density of quasi-particles, and inherit the high Q-factor of the cavity despite the relatively broad resonances of the Swiss-cross and split-ring-resonator metamaterials used. We also demonstrate nonlocal collective interaction of spatially separated metamaterial layers mediated by the cavity photons. By applying the quantum electrodynamic formalism to the density dependence of the polariton splitting, we can deduce the intrinsic transition dipole moment for single-quantum excitation of the metamaterial quasi-particles, which is orders of magnitude larger than those of natural atoms. These findings are of interest for the investigation of fundamental strong-coupling phenomena, but also for applications such as ultra-low-threshold terahertz polariton lasing, voltage-controlled modulators and frequency filters, and ultra-sensitive chemical and biological sensing.
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75
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Arakawa T, Norimoto S, Iwakiri S, Asano T, Niimi Y. Cavity resonator for circularly polarized microwave irradiation mounted on a cryostat. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:084707. [PMID: 31472660 DOI: 10.1063/1.5098846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We have constructed a cylindrical cavity resonator with a hybrid coupler where circularly polarized microwaves can be irradiated to a sample. The polarity of the microwave can be switched by changing the input ports of the hybrid coupler. The cavity resonator is small enough to be mounted on a cryostat which enables us to change the sample temperature in a wide range. To demonstrate the performance of the cavity resonator mounted on a cryostat, Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) was used as a test sample. We succeeded in selectively exciting left and right circularly polarized modes with high polarization (>80%). We also evaluated the susceptibility tensor of YIG in the cryostat. The technique presented here would offer a new direction in the fields of spintronics and quantum information.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Arakawa
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - S Norimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - S Iwakiri
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Asano
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Y Niimi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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76
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MacNeill D, Hou JT, Klein DR, Zhang P, Jarillo-Herrero P, Liu L. Gigahertz Frequency Antiferromagnetic Resonance and Strong Magnon-Magnon Coupling in the Layered Crystal CrCl_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:047204. [PMID: 31491278 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.047204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report broadband microwave absorption spectroscopy of the layered antiferromagnet CrCl_{3}. We observe a rich structure of resonances arising from quasi-two-dimensional antiferromagnetic dynamics. Because of the weak interlayer magnetic coupling in this material, we are able to observe both optical and acoustic branches of antiferromagnetic resonance in the GHz frequency range and a symmetry-protected crossing between them. By breaking rotational symmetry, we further show that strong magnon-magnon coupling with large tunable gaps can be induced between the two resonant modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David MacNeill
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Justin T Hou
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Dahlia R Klein
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Pengxiang Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Pablo Jarillo-Herrero
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Luqiao Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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77
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Coherent microwave-photon-mediated coupling between a semiconductor and a superconducting qubit. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3011. [PMID: 31285437 PMCID: PMC6614454 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Semiconductor qubits rely on the control of charge and spin degrees of freedom of electrons or holes confined in quantum dots. They constitute a promising approach to quantum information processing, complementary to superconducting qubits. Here, we demonstrate coherent coupling between a superconducting transmon qubit and a semiconductor double quantum dot (DQD) charge qubit mediated by virtual microwave photon excitations in a tunable high-impedance SQUID array resonator acting as a quantum bus. The transmon-charge qubit coherent coupling rate (~21 MHz) exceeds the linewidth of both the transmon (~0.8 MHz) and the DQD charge qubit (~2.7 MHz). By tuning the qubits into resonance for a controlled amount of time, we observe coherent oscillations between the constituents of this hybrid quantum system. These results enable a new class of experiments exploring the use of two-qubit interactions mediated by microwave photons to create entangled states between semiconductor and superconducting qubits. Hybrid quantum devices combine different platforms with the prospect of exploiting the advantages of each. Scarlino et al. demonstrate strong, coherent coupling between a semiconductor qubit and a superconducting qubit by using a high-impedance superconducting resonator as a quantum bus.
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78
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Pacewicz A, Krupka J, Salski B, Aleshkevych P, Kopyt P. Rigorous broadband study of the intrinsic ferromagnetic linewidth of monocrystalline garnet spheres. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9434. [PMID: 31263270 PMCID: PMC6603262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This work demonstrates the first application of direct broadband (1 GHz-30 GHz) quality (Q) factor measurements of the uniform precession mode in magnetised garnet spheres for the accurate determination of the room-temperature intrinsic ferromagnetic linewidth (ΔH). The spheres were enclosed in a subwavelength cavity, so that the measured Q-factor depended mainly on their magnetic losses and the conduction losses of the cavity walls. The contribution of the latter is assessed by means of the recently proposed magnetic plasmon resonance model and has been found to be negligible. A total of 10 samples made from commercially available pure yttrium iron garnet (YIG) and gallium-substituted YIG have been measured, differing in diameter and/or saturation magnetisation Ms. The dependence of the intrinsic ΔH on the internal magnetic field is found to have near-perfect linear dependence, which cannot be said about the typically studied extrinsic ΔH even at high frequencies. It is found that the difference between the two linewidths, which becomes significant at low frequencies, can be attributed to a geometric effect. Due to its fundamental nature, this work is applicable not only to magnetic material characterization, but also to the study of the origins of losses in magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pacewicz
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 00-665, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Krupka
- Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 00-662, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Salski
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 00-665, Poland
| | - Pavlo Aleshkevych
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 02-668, Poland
| | - Pawel Kopyt
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 00-665, Poland
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79
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Shkarin AB, Kashkanova AD, Brown CD, Garcia S, Ott K, Reichel J, Harris JGE. Quantum Optomechanics in a Liquid. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:153601. [PMID: 31050504 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.153601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We measure the quantum fluctuations of a single acoustic mode in a volume of superfluid He that is coupled to an optical cavity. Specifically, we monitor the Stokes and anti-Stokes light scattered by a standing acoustic wave that is confined by the cavity mirrors. The intensity of these signals (and their cross-correlation) exhibits the characteristic features of the acoustic wave's zero-point motion and the quantum backaction of the intracavity light. While these features are also observed in the vibrations of solid objects and ultracold atomic gases, their observation in superfluid He opens the possibility of exploiting the remarkable properties of this material to access new regimes of quantum optomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Shkarin
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A D Kashkanova
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - C D Brown
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Garcia
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS-Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de France 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - K Ott
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS-Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de France 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J Reichel
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS-Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Collège de France 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J G E Harris
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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80
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Ikonen J, Goetz J, Ilves J, Keränen A, Gunyho AM, Partanen M, Tan KY, Hazra D, Grönberg L, Vesterinen V, Simbierowicz S, Hassel J, Möttönen M. Qubit Measurement by Multichannel Driving. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:080503. [PMID: 30932559 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.080503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically propose and experimentally implement a method of measuring a qubit by driving it close to the frequency of a dispersively coupled bosonic mode. The separation of the bosonic states corresponding to different qubit states begins essentially immediately at maximum rate, leading to a speedup in the measurement protocol. Also the bosonic mode can be simultaneously driven to optimize measurement speed and fidelity. We experimentally test this measurement protocol using a superconducting qubit coupled to a resonator mode. For a certain measurement time, we observe that the conventional dispersive readout yields close to 100% higher average measurement error than our protocol. Finally, we use an additional resonator drive to leave the resonator state to vacuum if the qubit is in the ground state during the measurement protocol. This suggests that the proposed measurement technique may become useful in unconditionally resetting the resonator to a vacuum state after the measurement pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni Ikonen
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Jan Goetz
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Jesper Ilves
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Aarne Keränen
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Andras M Gunyho
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Matti Partanen
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Kuan Y Tan
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Dibyendu Hazra
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Leif Grönberg
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, QTF Center of Excellence, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Visa Vesterinen
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, QTF Center of Excellence, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Slawomir Simbierowicz
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, QTF Center of Excellence, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Juha Hassel
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, QTF Center of Excellence, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Mikko Möttönen
- QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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81
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Gangloff DA, Éthier-Majcher G, Lang C, Denning EV, Bodey JH, Jackson DM, Clarke E, Hugues M, Le Gall C, Atatüre M. Quantum interface of an electron and a nuclear ensemble. Science 2019; 364:62-66. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw2906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Coherent excitation of an ensemble of quantum objects underpins quantum many-body phenomena and offers the opportunity to realize a memory that stores quantum information. Thus far, a deterministic and coherent interface between a spin qubit and such an ensemble has remained elusive. In this study, we first used an electron to cool the mesoscopic nuclear spin ensemble of a semiconductor quantum dot to the nuclear sideband–resolved regime. We then implemented an all-optical approach to access individual quantized electronic-nuclear spin transitions. Lastly, we performed coherent optical rotations of a single collective nuclear spin excitation—a spin wave. These results constitute the building blocks of a dedicated local memory per quantum-dot spin qubit and promise a solid-state platform for quantum-state engineering of isolated many-body systems.
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82
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Kong C, Wang B, Liu ZX, Xiong H, Wu Y. Magnetically controllable slow light based on magnetostrictive forces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:5544-5556. [PMID: 30876185 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.005544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The magnetostrictive effect provides an opportunity for exploring fundamental phenomena related to the phonon-magnon interaction. Here we show a tunable slow light in a cavity magnetomechanical system consisting of photon, magnon and phonon modes with a nonlinear phonon-magnon interaction, which originates from magnetostrictive forces. For a strong photon-magnon coupling strength, we can observe a transparency (absorption) window for the probe by placing a strong control field on the red (blue) detuned sideband of the hybridized modes, which are comprised of photons and magnons. In this work, we mainly show the characteristic changes in dispersion in the range of the transparency window. The value of group delay can be continuously adjusted by using different frequencies of magnon, which are determined by the external bias magnetic field and therefore can be conveniently tuned in a broad range. Both the intensity and the frequency of the control field have an influence on the transformation from subluminal to superluminal propagation and vice versa. Furthermore, one may achieve long-lived slow light (group delay of millisecond order) by enlarging the pump power. These results may find applications in information interconversion based on coherent coupling among photons, phonons and magnons.
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83
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Liu ZX, You C, Wang B, Xiong H, Wu Y. Phase-mediated magnon chaos-order transition in cavity optomagnonics. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:507-510. [PMID: 30702665 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.000507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Magnon as a quantized spin wave has attracted extensive attention in various fields of physics, such as magnon spintronics, microwave photonics, and cavity quantum electrodynamics. Here, we explore theoretically the magnon chaos-order transition in cavity optomagnonics, which still remains largely unexplored in this emerging field. We find that the evolution of magnon experiences the transition from order to period-doubling bifurcation and finally enters chaos by adjusting the microwave driving power. Different from normal chaos, the magnon chaos-order transition proposed here is phase mediated. Beyond their fundamental scientific significance, our results will contribute to the comprehension of nonlinear phenomena and chaos in optomagnonical systems, and may find applications in chaos-based secure communication.
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84
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Li J, Zhu SY, Agarwal GS. Magnon-Photon-Phonon Entanglement in Cavity Magnomechanics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:203601. [PMID: 30500215 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.203601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We show how to generate tripartite entanglement in a cavity magnomechanical system which consists of magnons, cavity microwave photons, and phonons. The magnons are embodied by a collective motion of a large number of spins in a macroscopic ferrimagnet, and are driven directly by an electromagnetic field. The cavity photons and magnons are coupled via magnetic dipole interaction, and the magnons and phonons are coupled via magnetostrictive (radiation pressurelike) interaction. We show optimal parameter regimes for achieving the tripartite entanglement where magnons, cavity photons, and phonons are entangled with each other, and we further prove that the steady state of the system is a genuinely tripartite entangled state. The entanglement is robust against temperature. Our results indicate that cavity magnomechanical systems could provide a promising platform for the study of macroscopic quantum phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Shi-Yao Zhu
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - G S Agarwal
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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85
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Sharma S, Blanter YM, Bauer GEW. Optical Cooling of Magnons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:087205. [PMID: 30192616 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.087205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inelastic scattering of light by spin waves generates an energy flow between the light and magnetization fields, a process that can be enhanced and controlled by concentrating the light in magneto-optical resonators. Here, we model the cooling of a sphere made of a magnetic insulator, such as yttrium iron garnet, using a monochromatic laser source. When the magnon lifetimes are much larger than the optical ones, we can treat the latter as a Markovian bath for magnons. The steady-state magnons are canonically distributed with a temperature that is controlled by the light intensity. We predict that such a cooling process can significantly reduce the temperature of the magnetic order within current technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchar Sharma
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yaroslav M Blanter
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit E W Bauer
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
- Institute for Materials Research & WPI-AIMR & CSRN, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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86
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Liu ZX, Wang B, Xiong H, Wu Y. Magnon-induced high-order sideband generation. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:3698-3701. [PMID: 30067658 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.003698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnon Kerr nonlinearity plays a crucial role in the study of an optomagnonical system and may bring many interesting physical phenomena and important applications. In this Letter, we report the investigation of high-order sideband generation induced by magnon Kerr nonlinearity in an optomagnonical system, which is still unexplored in this emerging research field. We uncover that the microwave driving field plays a significant role in manipulating the generation and amplification of the higher-order sidebands and, more importantly, the sideband spacing can be regulated by controlling the beat frequency between the pump laser and the probe laser, which is extremely eventful for the spacing modulation of the sideband frequency comb. Based on the recent experimental progress, our results will deepen our cognition into optomagnonical nonlinearity and may find fundamental applications in optical frequency metrology and optical communications.
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87
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Chen J, Liu C, Liu T, Xiao Y, Xia K, Bauer GEW, Wu M, Yu H. Strong Interlayer Magnon-Magnon Coupling in Magnetic Metal-Insulator Hybrid Nanostructures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:217202. [PMID: 29883138 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.217202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We observe strong interlayer magnon-magnon coupling in an on-chip nanomagnonic device at room temperature. Ferromagnetic nanowire arrays are integrated on a 20-nm-thick yttrium iron garnet (YIG) thin film strip. Large anticrossing gaps up to 1.58 GHz are observed between the ferromagnetic resonance of the nanowires and the in-plane standing spin waves of the YIG film. Control experiments and simulations reveal that both the interlayer exchange coupling and the dynamical dipolar coupling contribute to the observed anticrossings. The coupling strength is tunable by the magnetic configuration, allowing the coherent control of magnonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilei Chen
- Fert Beijing Institute, BDBC, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Xueyuan Road 37, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuanpu Liu
- Fert Beijing Institute, BDBC, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Xueyuan Road 37, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Ke Xia
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Gerrit E W Bauer
- Institute for Materials Research, WPI-AIMR and CSNR, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mingzhong Wu
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Haiming Yu
- Fert Beijing Institute, BDBC, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Xueyuan Road 37, Beijing 100191, China
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88
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Osada A, Gloppe A, Hisatomi R, Noguchi A, Yamazaki R, Nomura M, Nakamura Y, Usami K. Brillouin Light Scattering by Magnetic Quasivortices in Cavity Optomagnonics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:133602. [PMID: 29694172 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.133602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A ferromagnetic sphere can support optical vortices in the form of whispering gallery modes and magnetic quasivortices in the form of magnetostatic modes with nontrivial spin textures. These vortices can be characterized by their orbital angular momenta. We experimentally investigate Brillouin scattering of photons in the whispering gallery modes by magnons in the magnetostatic modes, zeroing in on the exchange of the orbital angular momenta between the optical vortices and magnetic quasivortices. We find that the conservation of the orbital angular momentum results in different nonreciprocal behavior in the Brillouin light scattering. New avenues for chiral optics and optospintronics can be opened up by taking the orbital angular momenta as a new degree of freedom for cavity optomagnonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Osada
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - A Gloppe
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - R Hisatomi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - A Noguchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - R Yamazaki
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - M Nomura
- Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Usami
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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89
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Wang YP, Zhang GQ, Zhang D, Li TF, Hu CM, You JQ. Bistability of Cavity Magnon Polaritons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:057202. [PMID: 29481165 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.057202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the first observation of the magnon-polariton bistability in a cavity magnonics system consisting of cavity photons strongly interacting with the magnons in a small yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere. The bistable behaviors emerged as sharp frequency switchings of the cavity magnon polaritons (CMPs) and related to the transition between states with large and small numbers of polaritons. In our experiment, we align, respectively, the [100] and [110] crystallographic axes of the YIG sphere parallel to the static magnetic field and find very different bistable behaviors (e.g., clockwise and counter-clockwise hysteresis loops) in these two cases. The experimental results are well fitted and explained as being due to the Kerr nonlinearity with either a positive or negative coefficient. Moreover, when the magnetic field is tuned away from the anticrossing point of CMPs, we observe simultaneous bistability of both magnons and cavity photons by applying a drive field on the lower branch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pu Wang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dengke Zhang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tie-Fu Li
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C-M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - J Q You
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
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90
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Zhang M, Zou CL, Jiang L. Quantum Transduction with Adaptive Control. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:020502. [PMID: 29376679 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantum transducers play a crucial role in hybrid quantum networks. A good quantum transducer can faithfully convert quantum signals from one mode to another with minimum decoherence. Most investigations of quantum transduction are based on the protocol of direct mode conversion. However, the direct protocol requires the matching condition, which in practice is not always feasible. Here we propose an adaptive protocol for quantum transducers, which can convert quantum signals without requiring the matching condition. The adaptive protocol only consists of Gaussian operations, feasible in various physical platforms. Moreover, we show that the adaptive protocol can be robust against imperfections associated with finite squeezing, thermal noise, and homodyne detection, and it can be implemented to realize quantum state transfer between microwave and optical modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Zhang
- Departments of Applied Physics and Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- Departments of Applied Physics and Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, CAS, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Departments of Applied Physics and Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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91
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Ilanchezhiyan P, Mohan Kumar G, Siva C, Madhan Kumar A, Yuldashev SU, Kwon YH, Kang TW. Magnetic and optical property studies on cubic Gd 3Fe 5−xCo xO 12 nanogarnets for spintronics. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00082d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gadolinium-based rare earth garnets were processed in the form of nanostructures and studied for their optical and magnetic properties at room-temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Ilanchezhiyan
- Nano-Information Technology Academy (NITA)
- Dongguk University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - G. Mohan Kumar
- Nano-Information Technology Academy (NITA)
- Dongguk University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - C. Siva
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology
- SRM University
- Kattankulathur
- India
| | - A. Madhan Kumar
- Center of Research Excellence in Corrosion
- King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shavkat U. Yuldashev
- Nano-Information Technology Academy (NITA)
- Dongguk University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Y. H. Kwon
- Quantum-Functional Semiconductor Research Center
- Dongguk University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - T. W. Kang
- Nano-Information Technology Academy (NITA)
- Dongguk University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
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92
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Yao B, Gui YS, Rao JW, Kaur S, Chen XS, Lu W, Xiao Y, Guo H, Marzlin KP, Hu CM. Cooperative polariton dynamics in feedback-coupled cavities. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1437. [PMID: 29127391 PMCID: PMC5681655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging field of cavity spintronics utilizes the cavity magnon polariton (CMP) induced by magnon Rabi oscillations. In contrast to a single-spin quantum system, such a cooperative spin dynamics in the linear regime is governed by the classical physics of harmonic oscillators. It makes the magnon Rabi frequency independent of the photon Fock state occupation, and thereby restricts the quantum application of CMP. Here we show that a feedback cavity architecture breaks the harmonic-oscillator restriction. By increasing the feedback photon number, we observe an increase in the Rabi frequency, accompanied with the evolution of CMP to a cavity magnon triplet and a cavity magnon quintuplet. We present a theory that explains these features. Our results reveal the physics of cooperative polariton dynamics in feedback-coupled cavities, and open up new avenues for exploiting the light-matter interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimu Yao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Y S Gui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - J W Rao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - S Kaur
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - X S Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - W Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China.
| | - Y Xiao
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - H Guo
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 2T8
| | - K -P Marzlin
- Department of Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada, B2G 2W5
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - C -M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2.
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93
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Braggio C, Carugno G, Chiossi F, Lieto AD, Guarise M, Maddaloni P, Ortolan A, Ruoso G, Santamaria L, Tasseva J, Tonelli M. Axion dark matter detection by laser induced fluorescence in rare-earth doped materials. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15168. [PMID: 29123171 PMCID: PMC5680252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15413-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a detection scheme to search for QCD axion dark matter, that is based on a direct interaction between axions and electrons explicitly predicted by DFSZ axion models. The local axion dark matter field shall drive transitions between Zeeman-split atomic levels separated by the axion rest mass energy m a c 2. Axion-related excitations are then detected with an upconversion scheme involving a pump laser that converts the absorbed axion energy (~hundreds of μeV) to visible or infrared photons, where single photon detection is an established technique. The proposed scheme involves rare-earth ions doped into solid-state crystalline materials, and the optical transitions take place between energy levels of 4f N electron configuration. Beyond discussing theoretical aspects and requirements to achieve a cosmologically relevant sensitivity, especially in terms of spectroscopic material properties, we experimentally investigate backgrounds due to the pump laser at temperatures in the range 1.9 - 4.2 K. Our results rule out excitation of the upper Zeeman component of the ground state by laser-related heating effects, and are of some help in optimizing activated material parameters to suppress the multiphonon-assisted Stokes fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Braggio
- Dip. di Fisica e Astronomia and INFN, Sez di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, I-35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Carugno
- Dip. di Fisica e Astronomia and INFN, Sez di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, I-35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Chiossi
- Dip. di Fisica e Astronomia and INFN, Sez di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, I-35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Di Lieto
- Dip. di Fisica and INFN, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo, 3, I-56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Guarise
- Dip. di Fisica e Astronomia and INFN, Sez di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, I-35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Pasquale Maddaloni
- CNR-INO, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
- INFN, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di M.S. Angelo, Via Cintia, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonello Ortolan
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Università 2, I-35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruoso
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Università 2, I-35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Luigi Santamaria
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Contrada Terlecchia, I-75100, Matera, Italy
| | - Jordanka Tasseva
- INFN, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di M.S. Angelo, Via Cintia, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mauro Tonelli
- Dip. di Fisica and INFN, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo, 3, I-56127, Pisa, Italy
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94
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Zhang D, Luo XQ, Wang YP, Li TF, You JQ. Observation of the exceptional point in cavity magnon-polaritons. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1368. [PMID: 29116092 PMCID: PMC5676766 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnon-polaritons are hybrid light-matter quasiparticles originating from the strong coupling between magnons and photons. They have emerged as a potential candidate for implementing quantum transducers and memories. Owing to the dampings of both photons and magnons, the polaritons have limited lifetimes. However, stationary magnon-polariton states can be reached by a dynamical balance between pumping and losses, so the intrinsically nonequilibrium system may be described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Here we design a tunable cavity quantum electrodynamics system with a small ferromagnetic sphere in a microwave cavity and engineer the dissipations of photons and magnons to create cavity magnon-polaritons which have non-Hermitian spectral degeneracies. By tuning the magnon-photon coupling strength, we observe the polaritonic coherent perfect absorption and demonstrate the phase transition at the exceptional point. Our experiment offers a novel macroscopic quantum platform to explore the non-Hermitian physics of the cavity magnon-polaritons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Zhang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China.,Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Xiao-Qing Luo
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yi-Pu Wang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tie-Fu Li
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - J Q You
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China.
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95
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Noguchi A, Yamazaki R, Tabuchi Y, Nakamura Y. Qubit-Assisted Transduction for a Detection of Surface Acoustic Waves near the Quantum Limit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:180505. [PMID: 29219573 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.180505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate ultrasensitive measurement of fluctuations in a surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) resonator using a hybrid quantum system consisting of the SAW resonator, a microwave (MW) resonator, and a superconducting qubit. The nonlinearity of the driven qubit induces parametric coupling, which up-converts the excitation in the SAW resonator to that in the MW resonator. Thermal fluctuations of the SAW resonator near the quantum limit are observed in the noise spectroscopy in the MW domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Noguchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Rekishu Yamazaki
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tabuchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Nakamura
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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96
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Wendin G. Quantum information processing with superconducting circuits: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:106001. [PMID: 28682303 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aa7e1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
During the last ten years, superconducting circuits have passed from being interesting physical devices to becoming contenders for near-future useful and scalable quantum information processing (QIP). Advanced quantum simulation experiments have been shown with up to nine qubits, while a demonstration of quantum supremacy with fifty qubits is anticipated in just a few years. Quantum supremacy means that the quantum system can no longer be simulated by the most powerful classical supercomputers. Integrated classical-quantum computing systems are already emerging that can be used for software development and experimentation, even via web interfaces. Therefore, the time is ripe for describing some of the recent development of superconducting devices, systems and applications. As such, the discussion of superconducting qubits and circuits is limited to devices that are proven useful for current or near future applications. Consequently, the centre of interest is the practical applications of QIP, such as computation and simulation in Physics and Chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wendin
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience-MC2, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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97
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Morris RGE, van Loo AF, Kosen S, Karenowska AD. Strong coupling of magnons in a YIG sphere to photons in a planar superconducting resonator in the quantum limit. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11511. [PMID: 28912482 PMCID: PMC5599648 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11835-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report measurements made at millikelvin temperatures of a superconducting coplanar waveguide resonator (CPWR) coupled to a sphere of yttrium-iron garnet. Systems hybridising collective spin excitations with microwave photons have recently attracted interest for their potential quantum information applications. In this experiment the non-uniform microwave field of the CPWR allows coupling to be achieved to many different magnon modes in the sphere. Calculations of the relative coupling strength of different mode families in the sphere to the CPWR are used to successfully identify the magnon modes and their frequencies. The measurements are extended to the quantum limit by reducing the drive power until, on average, less than one photon is present in the CPWR. Investigating the time-dependent response of the system to square pulses, oscillations in the output signal at the mode splitting frequency are observed. These results demonstrate the feasibility of future experiments combining magnonic elements with planar superconducting quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G E Morris
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - A F van Loo
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Kosen
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A D Karenowska
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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98
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Lachance-Quirion D, Tabuchi Y, Ishino S, Noguchi A, Ishikawa T, Yamazaki R, Nakamura Y. Resolving quanta of collective spin excitations in a millimeter-sized ferromagnet. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1603150. [PMID: 28695204 PMCID: PMC5498106 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Combining different physical systems in hybrid quantum circuits opens up novel possibilities for quantum technologies. In quantum magnonics, quanta of collective excitation modes in a ferromagnet, called magnons, interact coherently with qubits to access quantum phenomena of magnonics. We use this architecture to probe the quanta of collective spin excitations in a millimeter-sized ferromagnetic crystal. More specifically, we resolve magnon number states through spectroscopic measurements of a superconducting qubit with the hybrid system in the strong dispersive regime. This enables us to detect a change in the magnetic moment of the ferromagnet equivalent to a single spin flipped among more than 1019 spins. Our demonstration highlights the strength of hybrid quantum systems to provide powerful tools for quantum sensing and quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dany Lachance-Quirion
- Institut quantique and Département de Physique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tabuchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Ishino
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Atsushi Noguchi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Toyofumi Ishikawa
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Rekishu Yamazaki
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Nakamura
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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99
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Bai L, Harder M, Hyde P, Zhang Z, Hu CM, Chen YP, Xiao JQ. Cavity Mediated Manipulation of Distant Spin Currents Using a Cavity-Magnon-Polariton. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:217201. [PMID: 28598650 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.217201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using electrical detection of a strongly coupled spin-photon system comprised of a microwave cavity mode and two magnetic samples, we demonstrate the long distance manipulation of spin currents. This distant control is not limited by the spin diffusion length, instead depending on the interplay between the local and global properties of the coupled system, enabling systematic spin current control over large distance scales (several centimeters in this work). This flexibility opens the door to improved spin current generation and manipulation for cavity spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Bai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Michael Harder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Paul Hyde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Can-Ming Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Y P Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - John Q Xiao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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100
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Witmer JD, Valery JA, Arrangoiz-Arriola P, Sarabalis CJ, Hill JT, Safavi-Naeini AH. High-Q photonic resonators and electro-optic coupling using silicon-on-lithium-niobate. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46313. [PMID: 28406177 PMCID: PMC5390248 DOI: 10.1038/srep46313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Future quantum networks, in which superconducting quantum processors are connected via optical links, will require microwave-to-optical photon converters that preserve entanglement. A doubly-resonant electro-optic modulator (EOM) is a promising platform to realize this conversion. Here, we present our progress towards building such a modulator by demonstrating the optically-resonant half of the device. We demonstrate high quality (Q) factor ring, disk and photonic crystal resonators using a hybrid silicon-on-lithium-niobate material system. Optical Q factors up to 730,000 are achieved, corresponding to propagation loss of 0.8 dB/cm. We also use the electro-optic effect to modulate the resonance frequency of a photonic crystal cavity, achieving a electro-optic modulation coefficient between 1 and 2 pm/V. In addition to quantum technology, we expect that our results will be useful both in traditional silicon photonics applications and in high-sensitivity acousto-optic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Witmer
- Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Joseph A Valery
- Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | | | - Jeff T Hill
- Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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