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Unraveling the Nature of Hydrogen Bonds of "Proton Sponges" Based on Car-Parrinello and Metadynamics Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021542. [PMID: 36675059 PMCID: PMC9860969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The nature of intra- and intermolecular non-covalent interactions was studied in four naphthalene derivatives commonly referred to as "proton sponges". Special attention was paid to an intramolecular hydrogen bond present in the protonated form of the compounds. The unsubstituted "proton sponge" served as a reference structure to study the substituent influence on the hydrogen bond (HB) properties. We selected three compounds substituted by methoxy, amino, and nitro groups. The presence of the substituents either retained the parent symmetry or rendered the compounds asymmetric. In order to reveal the non-covalent interaction properties, the Hirshfeld surface (HS) was computed for the crystal structures of the studied compounds. Next, quantum-chemical simulations were performed in vacuo and in the crystalline phase. Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD), Path Integral Molecular Dynamics (PIMD), and metadynamics were employed to investigate the time-evolution changes of metric parameters and free energy profile in both phases. Additionally, for selected snapshots obtained from the CPMD trajectories, non-covalent interactions and electronic structure were studied. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and the Density Overlap Regions Indicator (DORI) were applied for this purpose. It was found based on Hirshfeld surfaces that, besides intramolecular hydrogen bonds, other non-covalent interactions are present and have a strong impact on the crystal structure organization. The CPMD results obtained in both phases showed frequent proton transfer phenomena. The proton was strongly delocalized in the applied time-scale and temperature, especially in the PIMD framework. The use of metadynamics allowed for tracing the free energy profiles and confirming that the hydrogen bonds present in "proton sponges" are Low-Barrier Hydrogen Bonds (LBHBs). The electronic and topological analysis quantitatively described the temperature dependence and time-evolution changes of the electronic structure. The covalency of the hydrogen bonds was estimated based on QTAIM analysis. It was found that strong hydrogen bonds show greater covalency, which is additionally determined by the proton position in the hydrogen bridge.
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52
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Ma J, Zarin I, Miljkovic N. Direct Measurement of Solid-Liquid Interfacial Energy Using a Meniscus. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:246802. [PMID: 36563273 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.246802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Solid-liquid interactions are central to diverse processes. The interaction strength can be described by the solid-liquid interfacial free energy (γ_{SL}), a quantity that is difficult to measure. Here, we present the direct experimental measurement of γ_{SL} for a variety of solid materials, from nonpolar polymers to highly wetting metals. By attaching a thin solid film on top of a liquid meniscus, we create a solid-liquid interface. The interface determines the curvature of the meniscus, analysis of which yields γ_{SL} with an uncertainty of less than 10%. Measurement of classically challenging metal-water interfaces reveals γ_{SL}∼30-60 mJ/m^{2}, demonstrating quantitatively that water-metal adhesion is 80% stronger than the cohesion energy of bulk water, and experimentally verifying previous quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Ma
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801 Illinois, USA
| | - Ishrat Zarin
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801 Illinois, USA
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801 Illinois, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801 Illinois, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801 Illinois, USA
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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53
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Ni H. On the hydrophobic hydration, solvation and interface: A thought essay (I). J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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54
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Qi Z, Sun Z, Li N, Chen Q, Liu W, Li W. Effect of inorganic salt concentration and types on electrophoretic migration of oil droplets in oil-in-water emulsion: A molecular dynamics study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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55
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Roterman I, Stapor K, Konieczny L. The Contribution of Hydrophobic Interactions to Conformational Changes of Inward/Outward Transmembrane Transport Proteins. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12121212. [PMID: 36557119 PMCID: PMC9784565 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Proteins transporting ions or other molecules across the membrane, whose proper concentration is required to maintain homeostasis, perform very sophisticated biological functions. The symport and antiport active transport can be performed only by the structures specially prepared for this purpose. In the present work, such structures in both In and Out conformations have been analyzed with respect to the hydrophobicity distribution using the FOD-M model. This allowed for identifying the role of individual protein chain fragments in the stabilization of the specific cell membrane environment as well as the contribution of hydrophobic interactions to the conformational changes between In/Out conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University—Medical College Medyczna 7, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Stapor
- Department of Applied Informatics, Faculty of Automatic, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry—Jagiellonian University—Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Kraków, Poland
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56
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Peptide synthesis in aqueous microdroplets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2216015119. [PMID: 36264818 PMCID: PMC9636960 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216015119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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57
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Vannoy KJ, Dick JE. Oxidation of Cysteine by Electrogenerated Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Microliter Droplets. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:11892-11898. [PMID: 36121813 PMCID: PMC10232928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reactivity in droplets is often assumed to mimic reactivity in bulk, continuous water. Here, we study the catalytic oxidation of cysteine by electrogenerated hexacyanoferrate(III) in microliter droplets. These droplets are adsorbed onto glassy carbon macroelectrodes and placed into an immiscible 1,2-dichloroethane phase. We combined cyclic voltammetry, optical microscopy, and finite element simulations to quantify the apparent bimolecular rate constant, kc,app, in microdroplets and bulk water. Statistical analyses reveal that the apparent bimolecular rate constant (kc,app) values formicrodroplets are larger than those in the continuous phase. Reactant adsorption to the droplet boundary has previously been implicated as the cause of such rate accelerations. Finite element modeling of this system suggests that molecular adsorption to the liquid|liquid interface cannot alone account for our observations, implicating kinetics of the bimolecular reaction either at the boundary or throughout the microliter volume. Our results indicate that cysteine oxidation by electrogenerated hexacyanoferrate(III) can be accelerated within a microenvironment, which may have profound implications on understanding biological processes within a cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Vannoy
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jeffrey E Dick
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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58
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Xu Z, Ding X, Li S, Huang F, Wang B, Wang S, Zhang X, Liu F, Zhang H. Oxidation-Resistant MXene-Based Melamine Foam with Ultralow-Percolation Thresholds for Electromagnetic-Infrared Compatible Shielding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:40396-40407. [PMID: 35998377 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To effectively avoid the drawbacks of conventional metal-based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials such as high density and susceptibility to corrosion, a multifunctional melamine foam (MF) consisting of MXene/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layers with ultralow percolation thresholds was designed through the electrostatic self-assembly and impregnation strategies. The prepared lightweight foams simultaneously show multifunctional properties including EMI shielding, infrared (IR) stealth, oxidation-resistance, and compression stability. Typically, this multifunctional foam exhibits an excellent EMI shielding efficiency (EMI SE) of 45.2 dB at X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz) with only 1.131 vol % MXene filler. Moreover, the temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the foam can be maintained at 45 °C due to its unique three-dimensional (3D) porous structure and low infrared emissivity. The MF skeleton with MXene/PDMS (MFMXP) displays high hydrophobicity, which remains stable in EMI SE after 60 days of exposure to air. Additionally, it shows outstanding mechanical stability after 100 cycles of compression experiments. The lightweight stealth nanocomposite foams can operate stably in complex environments and show high potential for applications in high-tech fields such as wearable electronics, the military, and semiconductors, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xin Ding
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Shikuo Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhi Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Baojun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Shipeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Fenghua Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
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59
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Liu R, Wang R, Li D, Zhu Y, Yang X, Wang Z. An ab initio study on boundaries for characterizing cooperative effect of hydrogen bonds by intermolecular compression. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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60
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Zhang D, Yuan X, Gong C, Zhang X. High Electric Field on Water Microdroplets Catalyzes Spontaneous and Ultrafast Oxidative C-H/N-H Cross-Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16184-16190. [PMID: 35960958 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative C-H/N-H cross-coupling has emerged as an atom-economical method for the construction of C-N bonds. Conventional oxidative C-H/N-H coupling requires at least one of the following: high temperatures, strong oxidizers, transition metal catalysts, organic solvents, light, and electrochemical cells. In this study, by merely spraying the water solutions of the substrates into microdroplets at room temperature, we show a series of oxidative C-H/N-H coupling products that are strikingly produced in a spontaneous and ultrafast manner. The reactions are accelerated by six orders of magnitude compared to the same reactions in the bulk. It has been previously proposed by fluorescence microscopy and theory that the spontaneously generated electric field at the microdroplets peripheries can be in the ∼109 V/m range. Based on mass spectrometric analysis of key radical intermediates, we opine that the ultrahigh electric field catalytically oxidizes the substrates by removing an electron, which further promotes C/N coupling. Taken together, we anticipate that microdroplet chemistry will be an avenue rich in green opportunities of constructing C-heteroatom bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (ReCAST), Shenzhen Research Institute, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xu Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (ReCAST), Shenzhen Research Institute, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chu Gong
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (ReCAST), Shenzhen Research Institute, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (ReCAST), Shenzhen Research Institute, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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61
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Qi Z, Sun Z, Li N, Li W, Sun M, Liu Y, Wang Z. Effect of electric field intensity on electrophoretic migration and deformation of oil droplets in O/W emulsion under DC electric field: A molecular dynamics study. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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62
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Liu T, Wu H, Du X, Wang J, Chen Z, Wang H, Sun J, Zhang J, Niu J, Yao L, Zhao J, Cui G. Water-Locked Eutectic Electrolyte Enables Long-Cycling Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:33041-33051. [PMID: 35849540 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous sodium batteries are one of the awaited technologies for large-scale energy storage, but remain poorly rechargeable because of the reactivity issues of water. Here, we present a hydrated eutectic electrolyte featuring a water-locked effect, which is exceptional in that the O-H bond of water is essentially strengthened via weak hydrogen bonding (relative to the original H2O-H2O hydrogen bonds) to low-donor-number anions and ligands. Even without interphase protection, both the anodic and cathodic water electrodecomposition reactions are delayed, extending the aqueous potential window to 3.4 V. Combined with the alleviated electrode dissolution, Na2MnFe(CN)6||NaTi2(PO4)3 batteries deliver a high energy density of ∼80 W h kg-1 at 0.5 C and undergo over 1000 cycles with a 74.5% capacity retention and a 99.4% Coulombic efficiency at 4.2 C. This work may offer a general guide to ultimately exploit the water's innate stability for realizing the promise of aqueous battery technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Han Wu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Xiaofan Du
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Jinzhi Wang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R.China
| | - Jinran Sun
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Jiaping Niu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lishan Yao
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, P.R. China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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63
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Southern SA, Bryce DL. To what extent do bond length and angle govern the 13C and 1H NMR response to weak CH⋯O hydrogen bonds? A case study of caffeine and theophylline cocrystals. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2022; 119:101795. [PMID: 35569343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2022.101795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Weak hydrogen bonds are important structure-directing elements in supramolecular chemistry and biochemistry. We consider here weak CH⋯O hydrogen bonds in a series of cocrystals of theophylline and caffeine and assess to what extent the CH⋯O distance and angle govern the observed 13C and 1H isotropic chemical shifts. Gauge-including projector-augmented wave density functional theory (GIPAW DFT) calculations consistently predict a decrease in the 13C and 1H magnetic shielding constants upon hydrogen bond formation on the order of 2-5 ppm (13C) and 1-2 ppm (1H). These trends are reproduced using the machine-learning approach implemented in ShiftML. Experimental 13C and 1H chemical shifts obtained for powdered samples using one-dimensional NMR spectroscopy as well as heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) spectroscopy correlate well with the GIPAW DFT results. However, the experimental 13C NMR response only correlates moderately well with the hydrogen bond length and angle, while the experimental 1H chemical shifts only show very weak correlations to these local structural elements. DFT computations on isolated imidazole-formaldehyde models show that the 13C and 1H chemical shifts generally decrease with the C⋯O distance but show no clear dependence on the CH⋯O angle. These results demonstrate that the 13C and 1H response to weak CH⋯O hydrogen bonding is influenced significantly by additional weak contacts within cocrystal heterodimeric units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Southern
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David L Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
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64
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Samanta T, Matyushov DV. Ionic mobility driven by correlated van der Waals and electrostatic forces. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:204501. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0088835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical theories of dielectric friction make two critical assumptions: (i) friction due to van der Waals (vdW) forces is described by hydrodynamic drag and is independent of the ionic charge and (ii) vdW and electrostatic forces are statistically independent. Both assumptions turn out to be incorrect when tested against simulations of anions and cations with varying charge magnitude dissolved in water. Both the vdW and electrostatic components of the force variance scale linearly with the ionic charge squared. The two components are strongly anticorrelated producing simple relations for the total force variance in terms of self-variances. The inverse diffusion constant scales linearly with the charge squared. Solvation asymmetry between cations and anions extends to linear transport coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Samanta
- School of Molecular Sciences and Department of Physics, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA
| | - Dmitry V. Matyushov
- School of Molecular Sciences and Department of Physics, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA
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65
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Wang R, Lin ZW, Klemes MJ, Ateia M, Trang B, Wang J, Ching C, Helbling DE, Dichtel WR. A Tunable Porous β-Cyclodextrin Polymer Platform to Understand and Improve Anionic PFAS Removal. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:663-669. [PMID: 35647288 PMCID: PMC9136966 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linked polymers containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) are promising adsorbents with demonstrated removal performances for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from contaminated water sources. Despite the promising performance of some β-CD-based adsorbents for PFAS removal, many of these materials are not amenable for rational performance improvement or addressing fundamental questions about the PFAS adsorption mechanisms. These ambiguities arise from the poorly defined structure of the cross-linked polymers, especially with respect to the random substitution patterns of the cyclodextrins as well as side reactions that modify the structures of some cross-linkers. Here, we report a new β-CD polymer platform in which styrene groups are covalently attached to β-CD to form a discrete monomer that is amenable to radical polymerization. This monomer was polymerized with styrene and methacrylate comonomers to provide three β-CD polymers with high specific surface areas and high isolated yields (all >93%). A β-CD polymer copolymerized with a methacrylate bearing a cationic functional group achieved nearly 100% removal for eight anionic PFASs (initial concentration of 1 μg/L for each compound) in nanopure water at an exceedingly low adsorbent loading of 1 mg L-1, as compared to previous cyclodextrin polymers that required loadings at least 1 order of magnitude higher to achieve an equivalent degree of PFAS removal. Furthermore, when the adsorbents were studied in a challenging salt matrix, we observed that long-chain PFAS adsorption was controlled by a complementary interplay of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, whereas short-chain PFASs primarily relied on electrostatic interactions. This approach demonstrates great promise for anionic PFAS removal, and we anticipate that new compositions will be tailored using the versatility of radical polymerization to simultaneously target PFASs and other classes of micropollutants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Wang
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Zhi-Wei Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Max J. Klemes
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mohamed Ateia
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Brittany Trang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jieyuan Wang
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Casey Ching
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Damian E. Helbling
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - William R. Dichtel
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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66
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Robinson VN, Ghosh R, Egan CK, Riera M, Knight C, Paesani F, Hassanali A. The behavior of methane-water mixtures under elevated pressures from simulations using many-body potentials. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:194504. [PMID: 35597630 DOI: 10.1063/5.0089773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-polarizable empirical potentials have been proven to be incapable of capturing the mixing of methane-water mixtures at elevated pressures. Although density functional theory-based ab initio simulations may circumvent this discrepancy, they are limited in terms of the relevant time and length scales associated with mixing phenomena. Here, we show that the many-body MB-nrg potential, designed to reproduce methane-water interactions with coupled cluster accuracy, successfully captures this phenomenon up to 3 GPa and 500 K with varying methane concentrations. Two-phase simulations and long time scales that are required to fully capture the mixing, affordable due to the speed and accuracy of the MBX software, are assessed. Constructing the methane-water equation of state across the phase diagram shows that the stable mixtures are denser than the sum of their parts at a given pressure and temperature. We find that many-body polarization plays a central role, enhancing the induced dipole moments of methane by 0.20 D during mixing under pressure. Overall, the mixed system adopts a denser state, which involves a significant enthalpic driving force as elucidated by a systematic many-body energy decomposition analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Naden Robinson
- The 'Abdus Salam' International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Raja Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Colin K Egan
- The 'Abdus Salam' International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marc Riera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Christopher Knight
- Computational Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Francesco Paesani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Ali Hassanali
- The 'Abdus Salam' International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
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67
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Abstract
Hydrogen bond charge transfer in water may have far-reaching chemical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dor Ben-Amotz
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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68
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Hou C, Huang C, Yu H, Shi S. Surface-Engineered Ti 3 C 2 T x with Tunable Work Functions for Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201046. [PMID: 35451189 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ti3 C2 Tx , as a newly investigated 2D material, has gained great attention owing to its metallic conductivity, tunable work function (WF ), and unique electrical property. However, its WF can be further adjusted to meet the needs of optoelectronic devices. Here, surface-engineered Ti3 C2 Tx is fabricated with tunable WF by treating with ethanolamine and rhodium chloride (RhCl3 ). Ethanolamine treated Ti3 C2 Tx can induce the chemical adsorption of NH2 on Ti3 C2 Tx with hydrogen-bonding, which causes the decreased WF , while chemical doping with RhCl3 leads to the improvement of WF , which is achieved by the downshift of Femi level of Ti3 C2 Tx . Moreover, the ethanolamine and RhCl3 can effectively passivate the vacancies of Ti. As such, the surface-engineered Ti3 C2 Tx is more suitable as buffer layer for polymer solar cells (PSCs) by enhancing the interfacing characteristics of the Ti3 C2 Tx /active layer. The PSCs with engineered Ti3 C2 Tx for electron or hole transport layers can exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 15.88% or 15.54%. These efficiencies can be compared with those of devices with a conventional transport layer. This work provides a facile strategy to realize the work function tunability of Ti3 C2 Tx , and also shows that the tuned Ti3 C2 Tx has a certain application prospect in photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Hou
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chengwen Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Huangzhong Yu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shengwei Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
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69
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Pullanchery S, Kulik S, Roke S. Water Structure at the Hydrophobic Nanodroplet Surface Revealed by Vibrational Sum Frequency Scattering Using Isotopic Dilution. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3186-3192. [PMID: 35417164 PMCID: PMC9059128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The water structure
at the hydrophobic/water interface is key toward
understanding hydrophobicity at the molecular level. Herein, we characterize
the hydrogen-bonding network of interfacial water next to sub-micron-sized
hydrophobic oil droplets dispersed in water using isotopic dilution
vibrational sum frequency scattering (SFS) spectroscopy. The relative
intensity of different modes, the frequency shift of the uncoupled
O–D spectrum, and a low-frequency shoulder (2395 cm–1) reveal that water forms an overall stronger hydrogen-bonding network
next to hydrophobic droplets compared to bulk water and the air/water
interface. Half of the spectral width of the oil droplet SFS spectrum
is determined by inter- and intramolecular coupling of water molecules.
Isotopic dilution also confirms the presence of a broad distribution
(ca. 2640–2745 cm–1) of non-water-hydrogen-bonded
O–D modes that are red-shifted and broadened compared to similar
species at the air/water interface. This band corroborates the presence
of charge transfer between water and oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pullanchery
- Laboratory for fundamental BioPhotonics, Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Kulik
- Laboratory for fundamental BioPhotonics, Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Roke
- Laboratory for fundamental BioPhotonics, Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (IMX), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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70
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Abstract
Oil–water emulsions are widely generated in industries, which may facilitate some processes (e.g., transportation of heavy oil, storage of milk, synthesis of chemicals or materials, etc.) or lead to serious upgrading or environmental issues (e.g., pipeline plugging, corrosions to equipment, water pollution, soil pollution, etc.). Herein, the sources, classification, formation, stabilization, and separation of oil–water emulsions are systematically summarized. The roles of different interfacially active materials–especially the fine particles–in stabilizing the emulsions have been discussed. The advanced development of micro force measurement technologies for oil–water emulsion investigation has also been presented. To provide insights for future industrial application, the separation of oil–water emulsions by different methods are summarized, as well as the introduction of some industrial equipment and advanced combined processes. The gaps between some demulsification processes and industrial applications are also touched upon. Finally, the development perspectives of oil–water treatment technology are discussed for the purpose of achieving high-efficiency, energy-saving, and multi-functional treatment. We hope this review could bring forward the challenges and opportunities for future research in the fields of petroleum production, coal production, iron making, and environmental protection, etc.
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71
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Lin L, Chowdhury AU, Ma YZ, Sacci RL, Katsaras J, Hong K, Collier CP, Carrillo JMY, Doughty B. Ion Pairing and Molecular Orientation at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces: Self-Assembly and Function. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:2316-2323. [PMID: 35289625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Molecular orientation plays a pivotal role in defining the functionality and chemistry of interfaces, yet accurate measurements probing this important feature are few, due, in part, to technical and analytical limitations in extracting information from molecular monolayers. For example, buried liquid/liquid interfaces, where a complex and poorly understood balance of inter- and intramolecular interactions impart structural constraints that facilitate the formation of supramolecular assemblies capable of new functions, are difficult to probe experimentally. Here, we use vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy, numerical polarization analysis, and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to probe molecular orientations at buried oil/aqueous interfaces decorated with amphiphilic oligomers. We show that the orientation of self-assembled oligomers changes upon the addition of salts in the aqueous phase. The evolution of these structures can be described by competitive ion effects in the aqueous phase altering the orientations of the tails extending into the oil phase. These specific anionic effects occur via interfacial ion pairing and associated changes in interfacial solvation and hydrogen-bonding networks. These findings provide more quantitative insight into orientational changes encountered during self-assembly and pave the way for the design of functional interfaces for chemical separations, neuromorphic computing applications, and related biomimetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lin
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Azhad U Chowdhury
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Ying-Zhong Ma
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Robert L Sacci
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - John Katsaras
- Labs and Soft Matter Group, Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.,Shull Wollan Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - C Patrick Collier
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jan-Michael Y Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Benjamin Doughty
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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72
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Gallo A, Musskopf NH, Liu X, Yang Z, Petry J, Zhang P, Thoroddsen S, Im H, Mishra H. On the formation of hydrogen peroxide in water microdroplets. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2574-2583. [PMID: 35340850 PMCID: PMC8890092 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06465g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports on the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in water microdroplets produced via pneumatic spraying or capillary condensation have garnered significant attention. How covalent bonds in water could break under such mild conditions challenges our textbook understanding of physical chemistry and water. While there is no definitive answer, it has been speculated that ultrahigh electric fields at the air-water interface are responsible for this chemical transformation. Here, we report on our comprehensive experimental investigation of H2O2 formation in (i) water microdroplets sprayed over a range of liquid flow-rates, (shearing) air flow rates, and air composition, and (ii) water microdroplets condensed on hydrophobic substrates formed via hot water or humidifier under controlled air composition. Specifically, we assessed the contributions of the evaporative concentration and shock waves in sprays and the effects of trace O3(g) on the H2O2 formation. Glovebox experiments revealed that the H2O2 formation in water microdroplets was most sensitive to the air-borne ozone (O3) concentration. In the absence of O3(g), we could not detect H2O2(aq) in sprays or condensates (detection limit ≥250 nM). In contrast, microdroplets exposed to atmospherically relevant O3(g) concentration (10-100 ppb) formed 2-30 µM H2O2(aq), increasing with the gas-liquid surface area, mixing, and contact duration. Thus, the water surface area facilitates the O3(g) mass transfer, which is followed by the chemical transformation of O3(aq) into H2O2(aq). These findings should also help us understand the implications of this chemistry in natural and applied contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adair Gallo
- Interfacial Lab (iLab), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayara H Musskopf
- Interfacial Lab (iLab), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Xinlei Liu
- Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziqiang Yang
- Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeferson Petry
- Interfacial Lab (iLab), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Peng Zhang
- Interfacial Lab (iLab), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sigurdur Thoroddsen
- Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hong Im
- Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- Interfacial Lab (iLab), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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73
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Pullanchery S, Kulik S, Rehl B, Hassanali A, Roke S. Charge transfer across C-H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonds stabilizes oil droplets in water. Science 2021; 374:1366-1370. [PMID: 34882471 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj3007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Pullanchery
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics, Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sergey Kulik
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics, Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Rehl
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics, Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ali Hassanali
- International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sylvie Roke
- Laboratory for Fundamental BioPhotonics, Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (IMX), School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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