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Gupta P, Sarkar A, Sandhu P, Daware A, Das M, Akhter Y, Bhattacharjee S. Potentiation of antibiotic againstPseudomonas aeruginosabiofilm: a study with plumbagin and gentamicin. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:246-261. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
| | - A. Sarkar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
| | - P. Sandhu
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Life Sciences; Central University of Himachal Pradesh; Shahpur Himachal Pradesh India
| | - A. Daware
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
| | - M.C. Das
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
| | - Y. Akhter
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; School of Life Sciences; Central University of Himachal Pradesh; Shahpur Himachal Pradesh India
| | - S. Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics; Tripura University (A Central University); Suryamaninagar Tripura India
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Prinz C, Elhensheri M, Rychly J, Neumann HG. Antimicrobial and bone-forming activity of a copper coated implant in a rabbit model. J Biomater Appl 2017; 32:139-149. [PMID: 28599578 DOI: 10.1177/0885328217713356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Current strategies in implant technology are directed to generate bioactive implants that are capable to activate the regenerative potential of the surrounding tissue. On the other hand, implant-related infections are a common problem in orthopaedic trauma patients. To meet both challenges, i.e. to generate a bone implant with regenerative and antimicrobial characteristics, we tested the use of copper coated nails for surgical fixation in a rabbit model. Copper acetate was galvanically deposited with a copper load of 1 µg/mm2 onto a porous oxide layer of Ti6Al4V nails, which were used for the fixation of a tibia fracture, inoculated with bacteria. After implantation of the nail the concentration of copper ions did not increase in blood which indicates that copper released from the implant was locally restricted to the fracture site. After four weeks, analyses of the extracted implants revealed a distinct antimicrobial effect of copper, because copper completely prevented both a weak adhesion and firm attachment of biofilm-forming bacteria on the titanium implant. To evaluate fracture healing, radiographic examination demonstrated an increased callus index in animals with copper coated nails. This result indicates a stimulated bone formation by releasing copper ions. We conclude that the use of implants with a defined load of copper ions enables both prevention of bacterial infection and the stimulation of regenerative processes.
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53
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Yahya MFZR, Alias Z, Karsani SA. Antibiofilm activity and mode of action of DMSO alone and its combination with afatinib against Gram-negative pathogens. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2017; 63:23-30. [PMID: 28540585 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-017-0532-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are complex microbial communities that tend to attach to either biotic or abiotic surface. Enclosed in a self-produced extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, the biofilms often cause persistent infections. The objective of this study was to investigate the antibiofilm activity of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and afatinib against Gram-negative pathogens. Test microorganisms used in this study were Escherichia coli ATCC 1299, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145, and Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028. Biofilms were developed in 96-well microplate at 37°C for 24 h. Following removal of non-adherent cells, analysis of biofilm viability, biofilm biomass, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix were performed using resazurin assay, crystal violet assay, and attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. Bradford protein assay was conducted to determine the total amount of EPS proteins. The results demonstrated that both 32% DMSO alone and its combination with 3.2 μg/mL afatinib were effective in killing biofilm cells and reducing biofilm biomass. IR spectral variations of EPS matrix of biofilms in the range between 1700 and 900 cm-1 were also observed. Reduction in EPS proteins verified the chemical modifications of EPS matrix. In conclusion, 32% DMSO alone and its combination with 3.2 μg/mL afatinib showed remarkable antibiofilm activities against Gram-negative pathogens. It was suggested that the biofilm inhibition was mediated by the chemical modification of EPS matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Fakharul Zaman Raja Yahya
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
| | - Zazali Alias
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Poole K. At the Nexus of Antibiotics and Metals: The Impact of Cu and Zn on Antibiotic Activity and Resistance. Trends Microbiol 2017; 25:820-832. [PMID: 28526548 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmental influences on antibiotic activity and resistance can wreak havoc with in vivo antibiotic efficacy and, ultimately, antimicrobial chemotherapy. In nature, bacteria encounter a variety of metal ions, particularly copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), as contaminants in soil and water, as feed additives in agriculture, as clinically-used antimicrobials, and as components of human antibacterial responses. Importantly, there is a growing body of evidence for Cu/Zn driving antibiotic resistance development in metal-exposed bacteria, owing to metal selection of genetic elements harbouring both metal and antibiotic resistance genes, and metal recruitment of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Many classes of antibiotics also form complexes with metal cations, including Cu and Zn, and this can hinder (or enhance) antibiotic activity. This review highlights the ways in which Cu/Zn influence antibiotic resistance development and antibiotic activity, and in so doing impact in vivo antibiotic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Poole
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6.
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55
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Exopolysaccharide-Repressing Small Molecules with Antibiofilm and Antivirulence Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.01997-16. [PMID: 28223377 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01997-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation is a universal virulence strategy in which bacteria grow in dense microbial communities enmeshed within a polymeric extracellular matrix that protects them from antibiotic exposure and the immune system. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an archetypal biofilm-forming organism that utilizes a biofilm growth strategy to cause chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The extracellular matrix of P. aeruginosa biofilms is comprised mainly of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and DNA. Both mucoid and nonmucoid isolates of P. aeruginosa produce the Pel and Psl EPS, each of which have important roles in antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and immune evasion. Given the central importance of the EPS for biofilms, they are attractive targets for novel anti-infective compounds. In this study, we used a high-throughput gene expression screen to identify compounds that repress expression of the pel genes. The pel repressors demonstrated antibiofilm activity against microplate and flow chamber biofilms formed by wild-type and hyperbiofilm-forming strains. To determine the potential role of EPS in virulence, pel/psl mutants were shown to have reduced virulence in feeding behavior and slow killing virulence assays in Caenorhabditis elegans The antibiofilm molecules also reduced P. aeruginosa PAO1 virulence in the nematode slow killing model. Importantly, the combination of antibiotics and antibiofilm compounds increased killing of P. aeruginosa biofilms. These small molecules represent a novel anti-infective strategy for the possible treatment of chronic P. aeruginosa infections.
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56
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Gugala N, Lemire JA, Turner RJ. The efficacy of different anti-microbial metals at preventing the formation of, and eradicating bacterial biofilms of pathogenic indicator strains. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2017; 70:775-780. [PMID: 28196974 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens and the prevalence of biofilm-related infections have generated a demand for alternative anti-microbial therapies. Metals have not been explored in adequate detail for their capacity to combat infectious disease. Metal compounds can now be found in textiles, medical devices and disinfectants-yet, we know little about their efficacy against specific pathogens. To help fill this knowledge gap, we report on the anti-microbial and antibiofilm activity of seven metals: silver, copper, titanium, gallium, nickel, aluminum and zinc against three bacterial strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. To evaluate the capacity of metal ions to prevent the growth of, and eradicate biofilms and planktonic cells, bacterial cultures were inoculated in the Calgary Biofilm Device (minimal biofilm eradication concentration) in the presence of the metal salts. Copper, gallium and titanium were capable of preventing planktonic and biofilm growth, and eradicating established biofilms of all tested strains. Further, we observed that the efficacies of the other tested metal salts displayed variable efficacy against the tested strains. Further, contrary to the enhanced resistance anticipated from bacterial biofilms, particular metal salts were observed to be more effective against biofilm communities versus planktonic cells. In this study, we have demonstrated that the identity of the bacterial strain must be considered before treatment with a particular metal ion. Consequent to the use of metal ions as anti-microbial agents to fight multidrug-resistant and biofilm-related infections increases, we must aim for more selective deployment in a given infectious setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gugala
- The Biofilm Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Joe A Lemire
- The Biofilm Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Raymond J Turner
- The Biofilm Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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57
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Murakami K, Yumoto H, Murakami A, Amoh T, Viducic D, Hirota K, Tabata A, Nagamune H, Kourai H, Matsuo T, Miyake Y. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the potent bis-quaternary ammonium compound, 4,4'-(α,ω-hexametylenedithio) bis (1-octylpyridinium bromide) (4DTBP-6,8) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 122:893-899. [PMID: 28035713 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), including benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) are cationic surfactants and have been used widely as general disinfectants in the medical field due to their strong antibacterial effects and low cytotoxicity to human cells. 4,4'-(α,ω-hexametylenedithio) bis (1-octylpyridinium bromide) (4DTBP-6,8) is one of the potent bis-QACs synthesized to improve the antimicrobial activities of mono-QACs such as BAC. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 4DTBP-6,8 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a prevalent hospital pathogen. METHODS AND RESULTS The minimum inhibitory concentrations of 4DTBP-6,8, CPC and BAC against P. aeruginosa were measured. 4DTBP-6,8 exhibited strong antibacterial activity. We assessed the bactericidal effects of QACs against P. aeruginosa under certain conditions and their cytotoxicities in human epithelial cells using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. 4DTBP-6,8 exerted excellent bactericidal effects against high concentrations of bacteria, biofilm cells and even in the presence of contaminated proteins. Cellular LDH was not released by the treatment with 4DTBP-6,8. CONCLUSIONS 4DTBP-6,8 exhibited the strongest bactericidal activity against P. aeruginosa among the three QACs tested without any cytotoxicity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The potent bis-QAC, 4DTBP-6,8 has the potential to be an effective disinfectant in preventing hospital infections caused by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Murakami
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - H Yumoto
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - A Murakami
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - T Amoh
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - D Viducic
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - K Hirota
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - A Tabata
- Department of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Graduate School of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - H Nagamune
- Department of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Graduate School of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - H Kourai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Technology and Science, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - T Matsuo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Y Miyake
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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58
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Das A, Das MC, Sandhu P, Das N, Tribedi P, De UC, Akhter Y, Bhattacharjee S. Antibiofilm activity of Parkia javanica against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a study with fruit extract. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24603f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkia javanicais a well-known ethno-botanical plant of the north-east region of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antu Das
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics
- Tripura University
- India
| | - Manash C. Das
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics
- Tripura University
- India
| | - Padmani Sandhu
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
- School of Life Sciences
- Central University of Himachal Pradesh
- India
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Netaji Subhash Mahavidyalaya
- Udaipur
- India
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Department of Microbiology
- Don Bosco University
- Guwahati
- India
| | - Utpal C. De
- Department of Chemistry
- Tripura University
- India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
- School of Life Sciences
- Central University of Himachal Pradesh
- India
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59
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Elshaarawy RF, Eldeen IM, Hassan EM. Efficient synthesis and evaluation of bis-pyridinium/bis-quinolinium metallosalophens as antibiotic and antitumor candidates. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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60
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Bukonjić AM, Tomović DL, Nikolić MV, Mijajlović MŽ, Jevtić VV, Ratković ZR, Novaković SB, Bogdanović GA, Radojević ID, Maksimović JZ, Vasić SM, Čomić LR, Trifunović SR, Radić GP. Antibacterial, antibiofilm and antioxidant screening of copper(II)-complexes with some S-alkyl derivatives of thiosalicylic acid. Crystal structure of the binuclear copper(II)-complex with S-propyl derivative of thiosalicylic acid. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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61
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Hsu KC, Hsieh JR, Chen YC, Hsu PF, Hung CC, Huang YL. A microdialysis-based analytical system for dynamic monitoring of arsenic transformation under microbial activity. Analyst 2017; 142:4737-4743. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01399j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a microdialysis (MD) technique was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) for continuous monitoring of the dynamic variations of arsenic species in a microbe-inoculated culture broth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Chang Hsu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology
- College of Health Sciences
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ru Hsieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology
- College of Health Sciences
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Taiwan
| | - Pi-Fu Hsu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology
- College of Health Sciences
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chang Hung
- Research Center of Environmental Medicine
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Taiwan
| | - Yeou-Lih Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology
- College of Health Sciences
- Kaohsiung Medical University
- Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine
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62
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Elshaarawy RF, Janiak C. Antibacterial susceptibility of new copper(II) N-pyruvoyl anthranilate complexes against marine bacterial strains – In search of new antibiofouling candidate. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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63
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Antibacterial Metallic Touch Surfaces. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9090736. [PMID: 28773856 PMCID: PMC5457048 DOI: 10.3390/ma9090736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our aim is to present a comprehensive review of the development of modern antibacterial metallic materials as touch surfaces in healthcare settings. Initially we compare Japanese, European and US standards for the assessment of antimicrobial activity. The variations in methodologies defined in these standards are highlighted. Our review will also cover the most relevant factors that define the antimicrobial performance of metals, namely, the effect of humidity, material geometry, chemistry, physical properties and oxidation of the material. The state of the art in contact-killing materials will be described. Finally, the effect of cleaning products, including disinfectants, on the antimicrobial performance, either by direct contact or by altering the touch surface chemistry on which the microbes attach, will be discussed. We offer our outlook, identifying research areas that require further development and an overview of potential future directions of this exciting field.
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64
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Garrison AT, Abouelhassan Y, Yang H, Yousaf HH, Nguyen TJ, Huigens Iii RW. Microwave-enhanced Friedländer synthesis for the rapid assembly of halogenated quinolines with antibacterial and biofilm eradication activities against drug resistant and tolerant bacteria. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016; 8:720-724. [PMID: 30108790 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00381h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose the development of a catalyst- and protecting-group-free microwave-enhanced Friedländer synthesis which permits the single-step, convergent assembly of diverse 8-hydroxyquinolines with greatly improved reaction yields over traditional oil bath heating (increased from 34% to 72%). This rapid synthesis permitted the discovery of novel biofilm-eradicating halogenated quinolines (MBECs = 1.0-23.5 μM) active against MRSA, MRSE, and VRE. These small molecules exhibit activity through mechanisms independent of membrane lysis, further demonstrating their potential as a clinically useful treatment option against persistent biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Garrison
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Center for Natural Products Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3) , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , USA . ; Tel: +1 352 273 7718
| | - Yasmeen Abouelhassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Center for Natural Products Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3) , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , USA . ; Tel: +1 352 273 7718
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Center for Natural Products Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3) , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , USA . ; Tel: +1 352 273 7718
| | - Hussain H Yousaf
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Center for Natural Products Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3) , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , USA . ; Tel: +1 352 273 7718
| | - Tho J Nguyen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Center for Natural Products Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3) , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , USA . ; Tel: +1 352 273 7718
| | - Robert W Huigens Iii
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Center for Natural Products Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3) , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32610 , USA . ; Tel: +1 352 273 7718
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66
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Basak A, Abouelhassan Y, Norwood VM, Bai F, Nguyen MT, Jin S, Huigens RW. Synthetically Tuning the 2-Position of Halogenated Quinolines: Optimizing Antibacterial and Biofilm Eradication Activities via Alkylation and Reductive Amination Pathways. Chemistry 2016; 22:9181-9. [PMID: 27245927 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Agents capable of eradicating bacterial biofilms are of great importance to human health as biofilm-associated infections are tolerant to our current antibiotic therapies. We have recently discovered that halogenated quinoline (HQ) small molecules are: 1) capable of eradicating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) biofilms, and 2) synthetic tuning of the 2-position of the HQ scaffold has a significant impact on antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. Here, we report the chemical synthesis and biological evaluation of 39 HQ analogues that have a high degree of structural diversity at the 2-position. We identified diverse analogues that are alkylated and aminated at the 2-position of the HQ scaffold and demonstrate potent antibacterial (MIC≤0.39 μm) and biofilm eradication (MBEC 1.0-93.8 μm) activities against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecium strains while demonstrating <5 % haemolysis activity against human red blood cells (RBCs) at 200 μm. In addition, these HQs demonstrated low cytotoxicity against HeLa cells. Halogenated quinolines are a promising class of antibiofilm agents against Gram-positive pathogens that could lead to useful treatments against persistent bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Basak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yasmeen Abouelhassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Fang Bai
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Shouguang Jin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Robert W Huigens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA. .,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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67
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Garrison AT, Abouelhassan Y, Norwood VM, Kallifidas D, Bai F, Nguyen MT, Rolfe M, Burch GM, Jin S, Luesch H, Huigens RW. Structure-Activity Relationships of a Diverse Class of Halogenated Phenazines That Targets Persistent, Antibiotic-Tolerant Bacterial Biofilms and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Med Chem 2016; 59:3808-25. [PMID: 27018907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Persistent bacteria, including persister cells within surface-attached biofilms and slow-growing pathogens lead to chronic infections that are tolerant to antibiotics. Here, we describe the structure-activity relationships of a series of halogenated phenazines (HP) inspired by 2-bromo-1-hydroxyphenazine 1. Using multiple synthetic pathways, we probed diverse substitutions of the HP scaffold in the 2-, 4-, 7-, and 8-positions, providing critical information regarding their antibacterial and bacterial eradication profiles. Halogenated phenazine 14 proved to be the most potent biofilm-eradicating agent (≥99.9% persister cell killing) against MRSA (MBEC < 10 μM), MRSE (MBEC = 2.35 μM), and VRE (MBEC = 0.20 μM) biofilms while 11 and 12 demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against M. tuberculosis (MIC = 3.13 μM). Unlike antimicrobial peptide mimics that eradicate biofilms through the general lysing of membranes, HPs do not lyse red blood cells. HPs are promising agents that effectively target persistent bacteria while demonstrating negligible toxicity against mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Garrison
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Yasmeen Abouelhassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Dimitris Kallifidas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Fang Bai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Melanie Rolfe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Gena M Burch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Shouguang Jin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Robert W Huigens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
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Yang SC, Aljuffali IA, Sung CT, Lin CF, Fang JY. Antimicrobial activity of topically-applied soyaethyl morpholinium ethosulfate micelles against Staphylococcus species. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:657-71. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Here we evaluated the antibacterial efficacy of soyaethyl morpholinium ethosulfate (SME) micelles as an inherent bactericide against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Methodology: The antimicrobial activity was examined by in vitro culture model and murine model of skin infection. Cationic micelles formed by benzalkonium chloride or cetylpyridinium chloride were used for comparison. Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration against S. aureus and MRSA were 1.71–3.42 and 1.71–6.84 μg/ml, respectively. Topical administration of SME micelles significantly decreased the cutaneous infection and MRSA load in mice. The killing of bacteria was caused by direct cell wall/membrane rupture. SME micelles also penetrated into the bacteria to elicit a Fenton reaction and oxidative stress. Conclusion: SME micelles have potential as antimicrobial agents due to their lethal effect against S. aureus and MRSA with a low toxicity to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chun Yang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science & Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ibrahim A Aljuffali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Calvin T Sung
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Chwan-Fwu Lin
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science & Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Evaluating the Metal Tolerance Capacity of Microbial Communities Isolated from Alberta Oil Sands Process Water. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148682. [PMID: 26849649 PMCID: PMC4743850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have resulted in the intensified use of water resources. For example, open pit bitumen extraction by Canada’s oil sands operations uses an estimated volume of three barrels of water for every barrel of oil produced. The waste tailings–oil sands process water (OSPW)–are stored in holding ponds, and present an environmental concern as they are comprised of residual hydrocarbons and metals. Following the hypothesis that endogenous OSPW microbial communities have an enhanced tolerance to heavy metals, we tested the capacity of planktonic and biofilm populations from OSPW to withstand metal ion challenges, using Cupriavidus metallidurans, a known metal-resistant organism, for comparison. The toxicity of the metals toward biofilm and planktonic bacterial populations was determined by measuring the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) and planktonic minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) using the MBEC ™ assay. We observed that the OSPW community and C. metallidurans had similar tolerances to 22 different metals. While thiophillic elements (Te, Ag, Cd, Ni) were found to be most toxic, the OSPW consortia demonstrated higher tolerance to metals reported in tailings ponds (Al, Fe, Mo, Pb). Metal toxicity correlated with a number of physicochemical characteristics of the metals. Parameters reflecting metal-ligand affinities showed fewer and weaker correlations for the community compared to C. metallidurans, suggesting that the OSPW consortia may have developed tolerance mechanisms toward metals present in their environment.
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Danis-Wlodarczyk K, Olszak T, Arabski M, Wasik S, Majkowska-Skrobek G, Augustyniak D, Gula G, Briers Y, Jang HB, Vandenheuvel D, Duda KA, Lavigne R, Drulis-Kawa Z. Characterization of the Newly Isolated Lytic Bacteriophages KTN6 and KT28 and Their Efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127603. [PMID: 25996839 PMCID: PMC4440721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We here describe two novel lytic phages, KT28 and KTN6, infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from a sewage sample from an irrigated field near Wroclaw, in Poland. Both viruses show characteristic features of Pbunalikevirus genus within the Myoviridae family with respect to shape and size of head/tail, as well as LPS host receptor recognition. Genome analysis confirmed the similarity to other PB1-related phages, ranging between 48 and 96%. Pseudomonas phage KT28 has a genome size of 66,381 bp and KTN6 of 65,994 bp. The latent period, burst size, stability and host range was determined for both viruses under standard laboratory conditions. Biofilm eradication efficacy was tested on peg-lid plate assay and PET membrane surface. Significant reduction of colony forming units was observed (70-90%) in 24 h to 72 h old Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm cultures for both phages. Furthermore, a pyocyanin and pyoverdin reduction tests reveal that tested phages lowers the amount of both secreted dyes in 48-72 h old biofilms. Diffusion and goniometry experiments revealed the increase of diffusion rate through the biofilm matrix after phage application. These characteristics indicate these phages could be used to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections and biofilm formation. It was also shown, that PB1-related phage treatment of biofilm caused the emergence of stable phage-resistant mutants growing as small colony variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Danis-Wlodarczyk
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Gene Technology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomasz Olszak
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michal Arabski
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Slawomir Wasik
- Department of Molecular Physics, Institute of Physics, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Grazyna Majkowska-Skrobek
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Daria Augustyniak
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Gula
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Yves Briers
- Division of Gene Technology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ho Bin Jang
- Division of Gene Technology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Katarzyna Anna Duda
- Division of Structural Biochemistry, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Borstel, Germany
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Division of Gene Technology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
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71
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Olmedo GM, Grillo-Puertas M, Cerioni L, Rapisarda VA, Volentini SI. Removal of pathogenic bacterial biofilms by combinations of oxidizing compounds. Can J Microbiol 2015; 61:351-6. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2014-0747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are commonly formed on medical devices and food processing surfaces. The antimicrobials used have limited efficacy against the biofilms; therefore, new strategies to prevent and remove these structures are needed. Here, the effectiveness of brief oxidative treatments, based on the combination of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence of copper sulfate (CuSO4),were evaluated against bacterial laboratory strains and clinical isolates, both in planktonic and biofilm states. Simultaneous application of oxidants synergistically inactivated planktonic cells and prevented biofilm formation of laboratory Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus strains, as well as clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, Klebsiella oxytoca, and uropathogenic E. coli. In addition, preformed biofilms of E. coli C, Salmonella Typhimurium, K. pneumoniae, and Salmonella enterica exposed to treatments were removed by applying 12 mg/L NaClO, 0.1 mmol/L CuSO4, and 350 mmol/L H2O2for 5 min. Klebsiella oxytoca and Staphylococcus aureus required a 5-fold increase in NaClO concentration, and the E. coli clinical isolate remained unremovable unless treatments were applied on biofilms formed within 24 h instead of 48 h. The application of treatments that last a few minutes using oxidizing compounds at low concentrations represents an interesting disinfection strategy against pathogens associated with medical and industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela María Olmedo
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
| | - Mariana Grillo-Puertas
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
| | - Luciana Cerioni
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
| | - Viviana Andrea Rapisarda
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
| | - Sabrina Inés Volentini
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr Bernabé Bloj”, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia (UNT) and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas, INSIBIO (CONICET-UNT), Chacabuco 461, C.P. T4000ILI, Tucumán-Argentina
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Marafino JN, Gallagher TM, Barragan J, Volkers BL, LaDow JE, Bonifer K, Fitzgerald G, Floyd JL, McKenna K, Minahan NT, Walsh B, Seifert K, Caran KL. Colloidal and antibacterial properties of novel triple-headed, double-tailed amphiphiles: exploring structure-activity relationships and synergistic mixtures. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3566-73. [PMID: 25936261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Two novel series of tris-cationic, tripled-headed, double-tailed amphiphiles were synthesized and the effects of tail length and head group composition on the critical aggregation concentration (CAC), thermodynamic parameters, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against six bacterial strains were investigated. Synergistic antibacterial combinations of these amphiphiles were also identified. Amphiphiles in this study are composed of a benzene core with three benzylic ammonium bromide groups, two of which have alkyl chains, each 8-16 carbons in length. The third head group is a trimethylammonium or pyridinium. Log of critical aggregation concentration (log[CAC]) and heat of aggregation (ΔHagg) were both inversely proportional to the length of the linear hydrocarbon chains. Antibacterial activity increases with tail length until an optimal tail length of 12 carbons per chain, above which, activity decreased. The derivatives with two 12 carbon chains had the best antibacterial activity, killing all tested strains at concentrations of 1-2μM for Gram-positive and 4-16μM for Gram-negative bacteria. The identity of the third head group (trimethylammonium or pyridinium) had minimal effect on colloidal and antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity of several binary combinations of amphiphiles from this study was higher than activity of individual amphiphiles, indicating that these combinations are synergistic. These amphiphiles show promise as novel antibacterial agents that could be used in a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Marafino
- James Madison University, Department of Biology, 951 Carrier Drive, MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA; James Madison University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 901 Carrier Drive, MSC 4501, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Tara M Gallagher
- James Madison University, Department of Biology, 951 Carrier Drive, MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Jhosdyn Barragan
- James Madison University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 901 Carrier Drive, MSC 4501, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Brandi L Volkers
- James Madison University, Department of Biology, 951 Carrier Drive, MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Jade E LaDow
- James Madison University, Department of Biology, 951 Carrier Drive, MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Kyle Bonifer
- James Madison University, Department of Biology, 951 Carrier Drive, MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Gabriel Fitzgerald
- James Madison University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 901 Carrier Drive, MSC 4501, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Jason L Floyd
- James Madison University, Department of Biology, 951 Carrier Drive, MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Kristin McKenna
- James Madison University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 901 Carrier Drive, MSC 4501, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Nicholas T Minahan
- James Madison University, Department of Biology, 951 Carrier Drive, MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Brenna Walsh
- James Madison University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 901 Carrier Drive, MSC 4501, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - Kyle Seifert
- James Madison University, Department of Biology, 951 Carrier Drive, MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
| | - Kevin L Caran
- James Madison University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 901 Carrier Drive, MSC 4501, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
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Burghardt I, Lüthen F, Prinz C, Kreikemeyer B, Zietz C, Neumann HG, Rychly J. A dual function of copper in designing regenerative implants. Biomaterials 2015; 44:36-44. [PMID: 25617124 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The supply of titanium implants which are widely used in orthopaedics with both regenerative and anti-microbial properties will achieve a great progress in bone regeneration. We asked, whether by appropriate concentrations of copper ions it will be possible both to inhibit growth of bacteria and stimulate biological responses in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Using titanium material which released galvanically deposited copper at concentrations from 0.3 to 1.75 mM, growth of planktonic Staphylococcus aureus was blocked and more importantly adherent bacteria were cleared from the material surface within 24 h. To test biological responses of human bone marrow derived MSC due to copper ions, we found that copper stimulated the proliferation of MSC in a narrow concentration range around 0.1 mM. Similar copper concentrations enhanced osteogenic differentiation of MSC when cells were cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium. We observed increased activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), higher expression of collagen I, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin and finally mineralization of the cells. We conclude that titanium implants that release copper ions can be effective against bacterial infections at higher concentrations of copper near the implant surface and can promote bone regeneration when its concentration becomes lower due to diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Burghardt
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Frank Lüthen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Kreikemeyer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Carmen Zietz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Joachim Rychly
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
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Shah N, Naseby D. Bioluminescence-based measurement of viability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ATCC 9027 harbouring plasmid-based lux genes under the control of constitutive promoters. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:1373-87. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Shah
- Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Group; School of Life and Medical Sciences; University of Hertfordshire; Hatfield Hertfordshire UK
| | - D.C. Naseby
- Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Group; School of Life and Medical Sciences; University of Hertfordshire; Hatfield Hertfordshire UK
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Aluminum-induced entropy in biological systems: implications for neurological disease. J Toxicol 2014; 2014:491316. [PMID: 25349607 PMCID: PMC4202242 DOI: 10.1155/2014/491316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 200 years, mining, smelting, and refining of aluminum (Al) in various forms have increasingly exposed living species to this naturally abundant metal. Because of its prevalence in the earth's crust, prior to its recent uses it was regarded as inert and therefore harmless. However, Al is invariably toxic to living systems and has no known beneficial role in any biological systems. Humans are increasingly exposed to Al from food, water, medicinals, vaccines, and cosmetics, as well as from industrial occupational exposure. Al disrupts biological self-ordering, energy transduction, and signaling systems, thus increasing biosemiotic entropy. Beginning with the biophysics of water, disruption progresses through the macromolecules that are crucial to living processes (DNAs, RNAs, proteoglycans, and proteins). It injures cells, circuits, and subsystems and can cause catastrophic failures ending in death. Al forms toxic complexes with other elements, such as fluorine, and interacts negatively with mercury, lead, and glyphosate. Al negatively impacts the central nervous system in all species that have been studied, including humans. Because of the global impacts of Al on water dynamics and biosemiotic systems, CNS disorders in humans are sensitive indicators of the Al toxicants to which we are being exposed.
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Survival of Escherichia coli cells on solid copper surfaces is increased by glutathione. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:7071-8. [PMID: 25192999 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02842-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria are rapidly killed on solid copper surfaces, so this material could be useful to limit the spread of multiple-drug-resistant bacteria in hospitals. In Escherichia coli, the DNA-protecting Dps protein and the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase II Ndh were not involved in tolerance to copper ions or survival on solid copper surfaces. Decreased copper tolerance under anaerobic growth conditions in the presence of ascorbate and with melibiose as the carbon source indicated that sodium-dependent symport systems may provide an import route for Cu(I) into the cytoplasm. Glutathione-free ΔcopA ΔgshA double mutants of E. coli were more rapidly inactivated on solid copper surfaces than glutathione-containing wild-type cells. Therefore, while DNA protection by Dps was not required, glutathione was needed to protect the cytoplasm and the DNA against damage mediated by solid copper surfaces, which may explain the differences in the molecular mechanisms of killing between glutathione-containing Gram-negative and glutathione-free Gram-positive bacteria.
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78
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Lee JH, Kim YG, Cho MH, Lee J. ZnO nanoparticles inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Microbiol Res 2014; 169:888-96. [PMID: 24958247 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces a variety of virulence factors, and biofilms of this bacterium are much more resistant to antibiotics than planktonic cells. Thirty-six metal ions have been investigated to identify antivirulence and antibiofilm metal ions. Zinc ions and ZnO nanoparticles were found to markedly inhibit biofilm formation and the production of pyocyanin, Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS), pyochelin, and hemolytic activity of P. aeruginosa without affecting the growth of planktonic cells. Transcriptome analyses showed that ZnO nanoparticles induce the zinc cation efflux pump czc operon and several important transcriptional regulators (porin gene opdT and type III repressor ptrA), but repress the pyocyanin-related phz operon, which explains observed phenotypic changes. A mutant study showed that the effects of ZnO nanoparticles on the control of pyocyanin production and biofilm formation require the czc regulator CzcR. In addition, ZnO nanoparticles markedly increased the cellular hydrophilicity of P. aeruginosa cells. Our results support that ZnO nanoparticles are potential antivirulence materials against recalcitrant P. aeruginosa infections and possibly other important pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Guy Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moo Hwan Cho
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea.
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Abdallah M, Benoliel C, Drider D, Dhulster P, Chihib NE. Biofilm formation and persistence on abiotic surfaces in the context of food and medical environments. Arch Microbiol 2014; 196:453-72. [PMID: 24744186 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-014-0983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces in food and medical sectors constitutes a great public health concerns. In fact, biofilms present a persistent source for pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, which lead to severe infections such as foodborne and nosocomial infections. Such biofilms are also a source of material deterioration and failure. The environmental conditions, commonly met in food and medical area, seem also to enhance the biofilm formation and their resistance to disinfectant agents. In this regard, this review highlights the effect of environmental conditions on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces in the context of food and medical environment. It also describes the current and emergent strategies used to study the biofilm formation and its eradication. The mechanisms of biofilm resistance to commercialized disinfectants are also discussed, since this phenomenon remains unclear to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Abdallah
- Laboratoire de Procédés Biologiques, Génie Enzymatique et Microbien (ProBioGEM), IUT A/Polytech'Lille, Université de Lille1-Science et Technologies, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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Bernardi T, Badel S, Mayer P, Groelly J, de Frémont P, Jacques B, Braunstein P, Teyssot ML, Gaulier C, Cisnetti F, Gautier A, Roland S. High-throughput screening of metal-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes against biofilm formation by pathogenic bacteria. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1140-4. [PMID: 24729552 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A set of molecules including a majority of metal-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes (metal=Ag, Cu, and Au) and azolium salts were evaluated by high-throughput screening of their activity against biofilm formation associated with pathogenic bacteria. The anti-planktonic effects were compared in parallel. Representative biofilm-forming strains of various genera were selected (Listeria, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Escherichia). All the compounds were tested at 1 mg L(-1) by using the BioFilm Ring Test. An information score (IS, sum of the activities) and an activity score (AS, difference between anti-biofilm and anti-planktonic activity) were determined from normalized experimental values to classify the most active molecules against the panel of bacterial strains. With this method we identified lipophilic Ag(I) and Cu(I) complexes possessing aromatic groups on the NHC ligand as the most efficient at inhibiting biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Bernardi
- Biofilm Control SAS, Biopôle Clermont-Limagne, 63360 Saint-Beauzire (France).
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81
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Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial Efficacy of DispersinB®-KSL-W Peptide-Based Wound Gel Against Chronic Wound Infection Associated Bacteria. Curr Microbiol 2014; 68:635-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-014-0519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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82
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Ranjan P, Kitawat BS, Singh M. 1-Butylimidazole-derived ionic liquids: synthesis, characterisation and evaluation of their antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08370a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of 1-butylimidazole (1a) with aryl/alkoxy halides (2a–h) using a microwave solvent-free approach delivered imidazolium-based ILs (3a–h) in good yield. Some of them showed promising antibacterial and antifungal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabodh Ranjan
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar-382030, India
| | - Bheru Singh Kitawat
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar-382030, India
| | - Man Singh
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar-382030, India
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83
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Tseng BS, Zhang W, Harrison JJ, Quach TP, Song JL, Penterman J, Singh PK, Chopp DL, Packman AI, Parsek MR. The extracellular matrix protects Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms by limiting the penetration of tobramycin. Environ Microbiol 2013; 15:2865-78. [PMID: 23751003 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm cells are less susceptible to antimicrobials than their planktonic counterparts. While this phenomenon is multifactorial, the ability of the matrix to reduce antibiotic penetration into the biofilm is thought to be of limited importance studies suggest that antibiotics move fairly rapidly through biofilms. In this study, we monitored the transport of two clinically relevant antibiotics, tobramycin and ciprofloxacin, into non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. To our surprise, we found that the positively charged antibiotic tobramycin is sequestered to the biofilm periphery, while the neutral antibiotic ciprofloxacin readily penetrated. We provide evidence that tobramycin in the biofilm periphery both stimulated a localized stress response and killed bacteria in these regions but not in the underlying biofilm. Although it is unclear which matrix component binds tobramycin, its penetration was increased by the addition of cations in a dose-dependent manner, which led to increased biofilm death. These data suggest that ionic interactions of tobramycin with the biofilm matrix limit its penetration. We propose that tobramycin sequestration at the biofilm periphery is an important mechanism in protecting metabolically active cells that lie just below the zone of sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boo Shan Tseng
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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84
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Jo W, Kim MJ. Influence of the photothermal effect of a gold nanorod cluster on biofilm disinfection. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:195104. [PMID: 23595025 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/19/195104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We evaluate a method for biofilm disinfection by raising biofilm temperature using the photothermal effect of a gold nanorod cluster. Gold nanorods (GNRs) are capable of generating enough heat to lyse bacteria by heating biofilm via laser irradiation. To test this, GNRs are synthesized using wet chemistry and a single GNR cluster is fabricated using photo-lithography technique. The GNR cluster is directly applied to the biofilm and its effects on bacteria are measured before and after laser irradiation. The photothermal effect of GNRs on the biofilm structure results in a considerable reduction of cell viability and biofilm thickness. Several quantitative measurements of bacterial mortality and biofilm destruction show an increase in efficacy with increasing durations of laser irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy images of the irradiated bacteria show obvious morphological damage such as rupture or collapse of the bacterial cell membrane in the biofilm. These results indicate that GNRs are useful and a potential material for use in photothermal treatments, particularly biofilm disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjin Jo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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85
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Antimicrobial activity of metals: mechanisms, molecular targets and applications. Nat Rev Microbiol 2013; 11:371-84. [PMID: 23669886 DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1342] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metals have been used as antimicrobial agents since antiquity, but throughout most of history their modes of action have remained unclear. Recent studies indicate that different metals cause discrete and distinct types of injuries to microbial cells as a result of oxidative stress, protein dysfunction or membrane damage. Here, we describe the chemical and toxicological principles that underlie the antimicrobial activity of metals and discuss the preferences of metal atoms for specific microbial targets. Interdisciplinary research is advancing not only our understanding of metal toxicity but also the design of metal-based compounds for use as antimicrobial agents and alternatives to antibiotics.
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86
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Wu C, Labrie J, Tremblay YDN, Haine D, Mourez M, Jacques M. Zinc as an agent for the prevention of biofilm formation by pathogenic bacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 115:30-40. [PMID: 23509865 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Biofilm formation is important for the persistence of bacteria in hostile environments. Bacteria in a biofilm are usually more resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants than planktonic bacteria. Our laboratory previously reported that low concentrations of zinc inhibit biofilm formation of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of zinc on growth and biofilm formation of other bacterial swine pathogens. METHODS AND RESULTS To determine the effect of zinc on biofilm formation, biofilms were grown with or without zinc in 96-well plates and stained with crystal violet. At micromolar concentrations (0-250 μ mol l(-1)), zinc weakly inhibited bacterial growth and it effectively blocked biofilm formation by A. pleuropneumoniae, Salmonella Typhymurium and Haemophilus parasuis in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, biofilm formation of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus suis was slightly inhibited by zinc. However, zinc did not disperse preformed biofilms. To determine whether zinc inhibits biofilm formation when poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PGA) is present, PGA was detected with the lectin wheat germ agglutinin. Only A. pleuropneumoniae and Staph. aureus biofilms were found to contain PGA. CONCLUSION Zinc used at nonbactericidal concentrations can inhibit biofilm formation by several Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial swine pathogens. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY The antibiofilm activity of zinc could provide a tool to fight biofilms, and the nonspecific inhibitory effect may well extend to other important human and animal bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wu
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie porcine, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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87
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Gilmore BF, Andrews GP, Borberly G, Earle MJ, Gilea MA, Gorman SP, Lowry AF, McLaughlin M, Seddon KR. Enhanced antimicrobial activities of 1-alkyl-3-methyl imidazolium ionic liquids based on silver or copper containing anions. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj40759d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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88
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In vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of chlorogenic acid against clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia including the trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistant strain. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2013:392058. [PMID: 23509719 PMCID: PMC3591175 DOI: 10.1155/2013/392058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of chlorogenic acid against clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was investigated through disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), time-kill and biofilm assays. A total of 9 clinical S. maltophilia isolates including one isolate resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) were tested. The inhibition zone sizes for the isolates ranged from 17 to 29 mm, while the MIC and MBC values ranged from 8 to 16 μg mL(-1) and 16 to 32 μg mL(-1). Chlorogenic acid appeared to be strongly bactericidal at 4x MIC, with a 2-log reduction in viable bacteria at 10 h. In vitro antibiofilm testing showed a 4-fold reduction in biofilm viability at 4x MIC compared to 1x MIC values (0.085 < 0.397 A 490 nm) of chlorogenic acid. The data from this study support the notion that the chlorogenic acid has promising in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against S. maltophilia.
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89
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Zhang Y, Hu Z. Combined treatment ofPseudomonas aeruginosabiofilms with bacteriophages and chlorine. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 110:286-95. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.24630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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90
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Sakamoto A, Terui Y, Yamamoto T, Kasahara T, Nakamura M, Tomitori H, Yamamoto K, Ishihama A, Michael AJ, Igarashi K, Kashiwagi K. Enhanced biofilm formation and/or cell viability by polyamines through stimulation of response regulators UvrY and CpxR in the two-component signal transducing systems, and ribosome recycling factor. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:1877-86. [PMID: 22814172 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We have reported that polyamines increase cell viability at the stationary phase of cell growth through translational stimulation of ribosome modulation factor, and SpoT and RpoZ proteins involved in the synthesis and function of ppGpp in Escherichia coli. Since biofilm formation is also involved in cell viability, we looked for proteins involved in biofilm formation and cell viability whose synthesis is stimulated by polyamines at the level of translation. It was found that the synthesis of response regulators UvrY and CpxR in the two-component signal transducing systems and ribosome recycling factor (RRF) was increased by polyamines at the level of translation. Polyamine stimulation of the synthesis of UvrY and RRF was dependent on the existence of the inefficient initiation codons UUG and GUG in uvrY and frr mRNA, respectively; and polyamine stimulation of CpxR synthesis was dependent on the existence of an unusual location of a Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence in cpxR mRNA. Biofilm formation and cell viability in the absence of polyamines was increased by transformation of modified uvrY and cpxR genes, and cell viability by modified frr gene whose translation occurs effectively without polyamines. The results indicate that polyamines are necessary for both biofilm formation and cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Sakamoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, 15-8 Shiomi-cho, Choshi, Chiba 288-0025, Japan
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91
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Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of certain combinations of antibiotics against in vitro Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms. Indian J Med Res 2012; 135:542-7. [PMID: 22664505 PMCID: PMC3385241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most common pathogen associated with infections of surgical implants and other prosthetic devices owing to its adhesion and biofilm-forming ability on biomaterials surfaces. The objective of this study was to compare susceptibilities of biofilm-grown cells to single antibiotic and in combination with others to identify those that were effective against S. epidermidis biofilms. METHODS Biofilms were grown in the MBEC™ assay system. The use of this methodology allowed a rapid testing of an array of antibiotics alone (eight) and in combination (25 double combinations). The antibacterial effect of all treatments tested was determined by colony forming units (cfu) enumeration method. RESULTS The MBEC™ assay system produced multiple and reproducible biofilms of S. epidermidis. Although none of the antibiotics tested have demonstrated an antimicrobial effect (log reduction >3) against all S. epidermidis isolates biofilms, but combinations containing rifampicin showed in general a broader spectrum namely rifampicin-gentamicin and rifampicin-clindamycin. Levofloxacin in combination with rifampicin showed a killing effect against three isolates but failed to attain a bactericidal action against the other two. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that rifampicin should be a part of any antibiotic therapy directed against S. epidermidis biofilms. However, the efficient antibiotics combination might be dependent on S. epidermidis isolate being tested.
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92
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Steenackers H, Hermans K, Vanderleyden J, De Keersmaecker SC. Salmonella biofilms: An overview on occurrence, structure, regulation and eradication. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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93
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Chen S, Guo Y, Chen S, Yu H, Ge Z, Zhang X, Zhang P, Tang J. Facile preparation and synergistic antibacterial effect of three-component Cu/TiO2/CS nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm00063f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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94
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Warnes SL, Caves V, Keevil CW. Mechanism of copper surface toxicity in Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella involves immediate membrane depolarization followed by slower rate of DNA destruction which differs from that observed for Gram-positive bacteria. Environ Microbiol 2011; 14:1730-43. [PMID: 22176893 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02677.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We have reported previously that copper I and II ionic species, and superoxide but not Fenton reaction generated hydroxyl radicals, are important in the killing mechanism of pathogenic enterococci on copper surfaces. In this new work we determined if the mechanism was the same in non-pathogenic ancestral (K12) and laboratory (DH5α) strains, and a pathogenic strain (O157), of Escherichia coli. The pathogenic strain exhibited prolonged survival on stainless steel surfaces compared with the other E. coli strains but all died within 10 min on copper surfaces using a 'dry' inoculum protocol (with approximately 10(7) cfu cm(-2) ) to mimic dry touch contamination. We observed immediate cytoplasmic membrane depolarization, not seen with enterococci or methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and loss of outer membrane integrity, inhibition of respiration and in situ generation of reactive oxygen species on copper and copper alloy surfaces that did not occur on stainless steel. Chelation of copper (I) and (II) ionic species still had the most significant impact on bacterial survival but protection by d-mannitol suggests hydroxyl radicals are involved in the killing mechanism. We also observed a much slower rate of DNA destruction on copper surfaces compared with previous results for enterococci. This may be due to protection of the nucleic acid by the periplasm and the extensive cell aggregation that we observed on copper surfaces. Similar results were obtained for Salmonella species but partial quenching by d-mannitol suggests radicals other than hydroxyl may be involved. The results indicate that copper biocidal surfaces are effective for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but bacterial morphology affects the mechanism of toxicity. These surfaces could not only help to prevent infection spread but also prevent horizontal gene transmission which is responsible for the evolution of virulent toxin producing and antibiotic resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Warnes
- Environmental Healthcare Unit, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, UK.
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95
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Bridier A, Briandet R, Thomas V, Dubois-Brissonnet F. Resistance of bacterial biofilms to disinfectants: a review. BIOFOULING 2011; 27:1017-32. [PMID: 22011093 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2011.626899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 525] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A biofilm can be defined as a community of microorganisms adhering to a surface and surrounded by a complex matrix of extrapolymeric substances. It is now generally accepted that the biofilm growth mode induces microbial resistance to disinfection that can lead to substantial economic and health concerns. Although the precise origin of such resistance remains unclear, different studies have shown that it is a multifactorial process involving the spatial organization of the biofilm. This review will discuss the mechanisms identified as playing a role in biofilm resistance to disinfectants, as well as novel anti-biofilm strategies that have recently been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bridier
- AgroParisTech, UMR MICALIS, F-91300 Massy, France
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96
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The antibacterial activity of Ga3+ is influenced by ligand complexation as well as the bacterial carbon source. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:5568-80. [PMID: 21947396 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00386-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallium ions have previously been shown to exhibit antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. In this study, we report differential bactericidal activities of two gallium complexes, gallium desferrioxamine B (Ga-DFOB) and gallium citrate (Ga-Cit). Modeling of gallium speciation in growth medium showed that DFOB and citrate both can prevent precipitation of Ga(OH)(3), but some precipitation can occur above pH 7 with citrate. Despite this, Ga-Cit 90% inhibitory concentrations (IC(90)) were lower than those of Ga-DFOB for clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and several reference strains of other bacterial species. Treatment with Ga compounds mitigated damage inflicted on murine J774 macrophage-like cells infected with P. aeruginosa PAO1. Again, Ga-Cit showed more potent mitigation than did Ga-DFOB. Ga was also taken up more efficiently by P. aeruginosa in the form of Ga-Cit than in the form of Ga-DFOB. Neither Ga-Cit nor Ga-DFOB was toxic to several human cell lines tested, and no proinflammatory activity was detected in human lung epithelial cells after exposure in vitro. Metabolomic analysis was used to delineate the effects of Ga-Cit on the bacterial cell. Exposure to Ga resulted in lower concentrations of glutamate, a key metabolite for P. aeruginosa, and of many amino acids, indicating that Ga affects various biosynthesis pathways. An altered protein expression profile in the presence of Ga-Cit suggested that some compensatory mechanisms were activated in the bacterium. Furthermore, the antibacterial effect of Ga was shown to vary depending on the carbon source, which has importance in the context of medical applications of gallium.
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97
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Antibiotic and metal resistance among hospital and outdoor strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Res Microbiol 2011; 162:689-700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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98
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Rivardo F, Martinotti MG, Turner RJ, Ceri H. Synergistic effect of lipopeptide biosurfactant with antibiotics against Escherichia coli CFT073 biofilm. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2011; 37:324-31. [PMID: 21316197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are microcolonies of microbes adherent to biotic and abiotic surfaces, often responsible for chronic infections and medical device contamination. Escherichia coli is one of the prevalent pathogens involved in uropathogenic infections and contamination of catheters. A biosurfactant produced by Bacillus licheniformis V9T14 was tested alone and in association with various antibiotics against a mature 24-h uropathogenic E. coli CFT073 biofilm. Biofilm was grown on polystyrene pegs of a Calgary Biofilm Device, providing a tool to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial agents. Antibiotics tested were ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, tobramycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (19:1). Biosurfactant alone at the concentrations tested was not able to remove the adherent cells of the pre-formed biofilm. However, the difference between the effect of antibiotic alone and in combination with the biosurfactant was significant and exceeded 1log(10) (90%) reduction in most cases. Results of this study indicate that V9T14 biosurfactant in association with antibiotics leads to a synergistic increase in the efficacy of antibiotics in biofilm killing, and in some combinations leads to total eradication of E. coli CFT073 biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Rivardo
- Department of Chemical, Food, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences (DiSCAFF), Drug and Food Biotechnology Centre, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
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99
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Yu R, Lai B, Vogt S, Chandran K. Elemental profiling of single bacterial cells as a function of copper exposure and growth phase. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21255. [PMID: 21698126 PMCID: PMC3116902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The elemental composition of single cells of Nitrosomonas europaea 19718 was studied via synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) as a function of inhibition by divalent copper (Cu(II)) and batch growth phase. Based on XFM, the intracellular Cu concentrations in exponential phase cultures of N. europaea exposed to Cu(II) were statistically higher than in stationary phase cultures at the 95% confidence interval (α = 0.05). However, the impact of Cu inferred from specific oxygen uptake rate (sOUR) measurements at the two physiological states was statistically not dissimilar at the Cu(II) doses tested, except at 1000 µM Cu(II), at which exponential phase cultures were significantly more inhibited. Furthermore, the elemental composition in uninhibited exponential and stationary phase N. europaea cultures was similar. Notably, the molar fractions of Cu and Fe, relative to other elements in N. europaea cultures were statistically higher than those recently reported in Pseudomonas fluorescens possibly owing to the preponderance of metal cofactor rich catalytic enzymes (such as ammonia monooxygenase) and electron transport mechanisms in N. europaea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Barry Lai
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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100
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Rodrigues D, Cerca N, Teixeira P, Oliveira R, Ceri H, Azeredo J. Listeria monocytogenesandSalmonella entericaEnteritidis Biofilms Susceptibility to Different Disinfectants and Stress-Response and Virulence Gene Expression of Surviving Cells. Microb Drug Resist 2011; 17:181-9. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2010.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rodrigues
- IBB—Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Cerca
- IBB—Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pilar Teixeira
- IBB—Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rosário Oliveira
- IBB—Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Howard Ceri
- Biofilm Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Joana Azeredo
- IBB—Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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