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Demeester K, van Wieringen A, Hendrickx JJ, Topsakal V, Huyghe J, Fransen E, Van Laer L, Van Camp G, Van de Heyning P. Heritability of audiometric shape parameters and familial aggregation of presbycusis in an elderly Flemish population. Hear Res 2010; 265:1-10. [PMID: 20303401 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2009] [Revised: 02/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the heritability of audiometric shape parameters and the familial aggregation of different types of presbycusis in a healthy, otologically screened population between 50 and 75 years old. About 342 siblings of 64 families (average family-size: 5.3) were recruited through population registries. Audiometric shape was mathematically quantified by objective parameters developed to measure size, slope, concavity, percentage of frequency-dependent and frequency-independent hearing loss and Bulge Depth. The heritability of each parameter was calculated using a variance components model. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs). Estimates of sibling recurrence risk ratios (lambda(s)) are also provided. Heritability estimates were generally higher compared to previous studies. ORs and lambda(s) for the parameters Total Hearing Loss (size), Uniform Hearing Loss (percentage of frequency-dependent hearing loss) and Bulge Depth suggest a higher heredity for severe types of presbycusis compared to moderate or mild types. Our results suggest that the separation of the parameter 'Total Hearing Loss' into the two parameters 'Uniform Hearing Loss' and 'Non-uniform Hearing Loss' could lead to the discovery of different genetic subtypes of presbycusis. The parameter 'Bulge Depth', instead of 'Concavity', seemed to be an important parameter for classifying subjects into 'susceptible' or 'resistant' to societal or intensive environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Demeester
- Department of Otolaryngology, University (UA) and University Hospital of Antwerp (UZA), Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
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53
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A genome-wide association study for age-related hearing impairment in the Saami. Eur J Hum Genet 2010; 18:685-93. [PMID: 20068591 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at contributing to the elucidation of the genetic basis of age-related hearing impairment (ARHI), a common multifactorial disease with an important genetic contribution as demonstrated by heritability studies. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Finnish Saami, a small, ancient, genetically isolated population without evidence of demographic expansion. The choice of this study population was motivated by its anticipated higher extent of LD, potentially offering a substantial power advantage for association mapping. DNA samples and audiometric measurements were collected from 352 Finnish Saami individuals, aged between 50 and 75 years. To reduce the burden of multiple testing, we applied principal component (PC) analysis to the multivariate audiometric phenotype. The first three PCs captured 80% of the variation in hearing thresholds, while maintaining biologically important audiometric features. All subjects were genotyped with the Affymetrix 100 K chip. To account for multiple levels of relatedness among subjects, as well as for population stratification, association testing was performed using a mixed model. We summarised the top-ranking association signals for the three traits under study. The top-ranked SNP, rs457717 (P-value 3.55 x 10(-7)), was associated with PC3 and was localised in an intron of the IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating-like protein (IQGAP2). Intriguingly, the SNP rs161927 (P-value 0.000149), seventh-ranked for PC1, was positioned immediately downstream from the metabotropic glutamate receptor-7 gene (GRM7). As a previous GWAS of a European and Finnish sample set already suggested a role for GRM7 in ARHI, this study provides further evidence for the involvement of this gene.
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57
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Friedman RA, Van Laer L, Huentelman MJ, Sheth SS, Van Eyken E, Corneveaux JJ, Tembe WD, Halperin RF, Thorburn AQ, Thys S, Bonneux S, Fransen E, Huyghe J, Pyykkö I, Cremers CWRJ, Kremer H, Dhooge I, Stephens D, Orzan E, Pfister M, Bille M, Parving A, Sorri M, Van de Heyning PH, Makmura L, Ohmen JD, Linthicum FH, Fayad JN, Pearson JV, Craig DW, Stephan DA, Van Camp G. GRM7 variants confer susceptibility to age-related hearing impairment. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:785-96. [PMID: 19047183 PMCID: PMC2638831 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing impairment (ARHI), or presbycusis, is the most prevalent sensory impairment in the elderly. ARHI is a complex disease caused by an interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Here we describe the results of the first whole genome association study for ARHI. The study was performed using 846 cases and 846 controls selected from 3434 individuals collected by eight centers in six European countries. DNA pools for cases and controls were allelotyped on the Affymetrix 500K GeneChip for each center separately. The 252 top-ranked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in a non-Finnish European sample group (1332 samples) and the 177 top-ranked SNPs from a Finnish sample group (360 samples) were confirmed using individual genotyping. Subsequently, the 23 most interesting SNPs were individually genotyped in an independent European replication group (138 samples). This resulted in the identification of a highly significant and replicated SNP located in GRM7, the gene encoding metabotropic glutamate receptor type 7. Also in the Finnish sample group, two GRM7 SNPs were significant, albeit in a different region of the gene. As the Finnish are genetically distinct from the rest of the European population, this may be due to allelic heterogeneity. We performed histochemical studies in human and mouse and showed that mGluR7 is expressed in hair cells and in spiral ganglion cells of the inner ear. Together these data indicate that common alleles of GRM7 contribute to an individual's risk of developing ARHI, possibly through a mechanism of altered susceptibility to glutamate excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick A Friedman
- House Ear Institute, Gonda Research Center for Cell and Molecular Biology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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58
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Walker K, Ginsberg G, Hattis D, Johns DO, Guyton KZ, Sonawane B. Genetic polymorphism in N-Acetyltransferase (NAT): Population distribution of NAT1 and NAT2 activity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2009; 12:440-472. [PMID: 20183529 DOI: 10.1080/10937400903158383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetyltransferases (NAT) are key enzymes in the conjugation of certain drugs and other xenobiotics with an arylamine structure. Polymorphisms in NAT2 have long been recognized to modulate toxicity produced by the anti-tubercular drug isoniazid, with molecular epidemiologic studies suggesting a link between acetylator phenotype and increased risk for bladder cancer. Recent evidence indicates that the other major NAT isozyme, NAT1, is also polymorphic. The current analysis characterizes the main polymorphisms in both NAT2 and NAT1 in terms of their effect on enzyme activity and frequency in the population. Multiple NAT2 alleles (NAT2*5, *6, *7, and *14) have substantially decreased acetylation activity and are common in Caucasians and populations of African descent. In these groups, most individuals carry at least one copy of a slow acetylator allele, and less than 10% are homozygous for the wild type (fast acetylator) trait. Incorporation of these data into a Monte Carlo modeling framework led to a population distribution of NAT2 activity that was bimodal and associated with considerable variability in each population assessed. The ratio of the median to the first percentile of NAT2 activity ranged from 7 in Caucasians to 18 in the Chinese population. This variability indicates the need for more quantitative approaches (e.g., physiologically based pharmacokinetic [PBPK] modeling) to assess the full distribution of internal dose and adverse responses to aromatic amines and other NAT2 substrates. Polymorphisms in NAT1 are generally associated with relatively minor effects on acetylation function, with Monte Carlo analysis indicating less interindividual variability than seen in NAT2 analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Walker
- Clark University, Center for Technology, Environment, and Development, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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61
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Fransen E, Topsakal V, Hendrickx JJ, Van Laer L, Huyghe JR, Van Eyken E, Lemkens N, Hannula S, Mäki-Torkko E, Jensen M, Demeester K, Tropitzsch A, Bonaconsa A, Mazzoli M, Espeso A, Verbruggen K, Huyghe J, Huygen PLM, Kunst S, Manninen M, Diaz-Lacava A, Steffens M, Wienker TF, Pyykkö I, Cremers CWRJ, Kremer H, Dhooge I, Stephens D, Orzan E, Pfister M, Bille M, Parving A, Sorri M, Van de Heyning P, Van Camp G. Occupational noise, smoking, and a high body mass index are risk factors for age-related hearing impairment and moderate alcohol consumption is protective: a European population-based multicenter study. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2008; 9:264-76; discussion 261-3. [PMID: 18543032 PMCID: PMC2492985 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-008-0123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A multicenter study was set up to elucidate the environmental and medical risk factors contributing to age-related hearing impairment (ARHI). Nine subsamples, collected by nine audiological centers across Europe, added up to a total of 4,083 subjects between 53 and 67 years. Audiometric data (pure-tone average [PTA]) were collected and the participants filled out a questionnaire on environmental risk factors and medical history. People with a history of disease that could affect hearing were excluded. PTAs were adjusted for age and sex and tested for association with exposure to risk factors. Noise exposure was associated with a significant loss of hearing at high sound frequencies (>1 kHz). Smoking significantly increased high-frequency hearing loss, and the effect was dose-dependent. The effect of smoking remained significant when accounting for cardiovascular disease events. Taller people had better hearing on average with a more pronounced effect at low sound frequencies (<2 kHz). A high body mass index (BMI) correlated with hearing loss across the frequency range tested. Moderate alcohol consumption was inversely correlated with hearing loss. Significant associations were found in the high as well as in the low frequencies. The results suggest that a healthy lifestyle can protect against age-related hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Fransen
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vedat Topsakal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jan-Jaap Hendrickx
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lut Van Laer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jeroen R. Huyghe
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Els Van Eyken
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nele Lemkens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Samuli Hannula
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Elina Mäki-Torkko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mona Jensen
- Department of Audiology, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400 NV Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kelly Demeester
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anke Tropitzsch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Amanda Bonaconsa
- Department of Oto-Surgery, University Hospital Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Manuela Mazzoli
- Department of Oto-Surgery, University Hospital Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Angeles Espeso
- College of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XW Cardiff, UK
| | - Katia Verbruggen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joke Huyghe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick L. M. Huygen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, St. Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Kunst
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, St. Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Minna Manninen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Amalia Diaz-Lacava
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Steffens
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Wienker
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ilmari Pyykkö
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Cor W. R. J. Cremers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, St. Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hannie Kremer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, St. Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg Dhooge
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dafydd Stephens
- College of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XW Cardiff, UK
| | - Eva Orzan
- Department of Oto-Surgery, University Hospital Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Markus Pfister
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Bille
- Department of Audiology, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400 NV Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Agnete Parving
- Department of Audiology, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400 NV Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martti Sorri
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Paul Van de Heyning
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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62
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Van Laer L, Van Eyken E, Fransen E, Huyghe JR, Topsakal V, Hendrickx JJ, Hannula S, Mäki-Torkko E, Jensen M, Demeester K, Baur M, Bonaconsa A, Mazzoli M, Espeso A, Verbruggen K, Huyghe J, Huygen P, Kunst S, Manninen M, Konings A, Diaz-Lacava AN, Steffens M, Wienker TF, Pyykkö I, Cremers CWRJ, Kremer H, Dhooge I, Stephens D, Orzan E, Pfister M, Bille M, Parving A, Sorri M, Van de Heyning PH, Van Camp G. The grainyhead like 2 gene (GRHL2), alias TFCP2L3, is associated with age-related hearing impairment. Hum Mol Genet 2007; 17:159-69. [PMID: 17921507 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddm292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing impairment (ARHI) is the most prevalent sensory impairment in the elderly. ARHI is a complex disease caused by an interaction between environmental and genetic factors. The contribution of various environmental factors has been relatively extensively studied. In contrast, investigations to identify the genetic risk factors have only recently been initiated. In this paper we describe the results of an association study performed on 2418 ARHI samples derived from nine centers from seven European countries. In 70 candidate genes, a total of 768 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected based on HAPMAP data. These genes were chosen among the monogenic hearing loss genes identified in mice and men in addition to several strong functional candidates. After genotyping and data polishing, statistical analysis of all samples combined resulted in a P-value that survived correction for multiple testing for one SNP in the GRHL2 gene. Other SNPs in this gene were also associated, albeit to a lesser degree. Subsequently, an analysis of the most significant GRHL2 SNP was performed separately for each center. The direction of the association was identical in all nine centers. Two centers showed significant associations and a third center showed a trend towards significance. Subsequent fine mapping of this locus demonstrated that the majority of the associated SNPs reside in intron 1. We hypothesize that the causative variant may change the expression levels of a GRHL2 isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lut Van Laer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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