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Guerra DD, Hurt KJ. Gasotransmitters in pregnancy: from conception to uterine involution. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:4-25. [PMID: 30848786 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are endogenous small gaseous messengers exemplified by nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S or sulfide). Gasotransmitters are implicated in myriad physiologic functions including many aspects of reproduction. Our objective was to comprehensively review basic mechanisms and functions of gasotransmitters during pregnancy from conception to uterine involution and highlight future research opportunities. We searched PubMed and Web of Science databases using combinations of keywords nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, sulfide, placenta, uterus, labor, and pregnancy. We included English language publications on human and animal studies from any date through August 2018 and retained basic and translational articles with relevant original findings. All gasotransmitters activate cGMP signaling. NO and sulfide also covalently modify target protein cysteines. Protein kinases and ion channels transduce gasotransmitter signals, and co-expressed gasotransmitters can be synergistic or antagonistic depending on cell type. Gasotransmitters influence tubal transit, placentation, cervical remodeling, and myometrial contractility. NO, CO, and sulfide dilate resistance vessels, suppress inflammation, and relax myometrium to promote uterine quiescence and normal placentation. Cervical remodeling and rupture of fetal membranes coincide with enhanced oxidation and altered gasotransmitter metabolism. Mechanisms mediating cellular and organismal changes in pregnancy due to gasotransmitters are largely unknown. Altered gasotransmitter signaling has been reported for preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes, and preterm labor. However, in most cases specific molecular changes are not yet characterized. Nonclassical signaling pathways and the crosstalk among gasotransmitters are emerging investigation topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian D Guerra
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - K Joseph Hurt
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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The Versatility of Antioxidant Assays in Food Science and Safety-Chemistry, Applications, Strengths, and Limitations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080709. [PMID: 32764410 PMCID: PMC7464350 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a growing interest in screening and quantifying antioxidants from biological samples in the quest for natural and effective antioxidants to combat free radical-related pathological complications. Antioxidant assays play a crucial role in high-throughput and cost-effective assessment of antioxidant capacities of natural products such as medicinal plants and food samples. However, several investigators have expressed concerns about the reliability of existing in vitro assays. Such concerns arise mainly from the poor correlation between in vitro and in vivo results. In addition, in vitro assays have the problem of reproducibility. To date, antioxidant capacities are measured using a panel of assays whereby each assay has its own advantages and limitations. This unparalleled review hotly disputes on in vitro antioxidant assays and elaborates on the chemistry behind each assay with the aim to point out respective principles/concepts. The following critical questions are also addressed: (1) What make antioxidant assays coloured? (2) What is the reason for working at a particular wavelength? (3) What are the advantages and limitations of each assay? and (4) Why is a particular colour observed in antioxidant–oxidant chemical reactions? Furthermore, this review details the chemical mechanism of reactions that occur in each assay together with a colour ribbon to illustrate changes in colour. The review ends with a critical conclusion on existing assays and suggests constructive improvements on how to develop an adequate and universal antioxidant assay.
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Abstract
Initially being considered as an environmental pollutant, nitric oxide has gained the momentum of research since its discovery as endothelial derived growth factor in 1987. Extensive researches have revealed the various pathological and physiological roles of nitric oxide such as inflammation, vascular and neurological regulation functions. Hence, the development of methods for quantifying nitric oxide concentration and its metabolites will be beneficial to well know about its biological functions and effects. This review summaries various methods for in vitro and in vivo nitric oxide detection, and introduces their merits and demerits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Goshi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gaoxin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianjun He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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54
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Nitrate/Nitrite determination in water and soil samples accompanied by in situ azo dye formation and its removal by superabsorbent cellulose hydrogel. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-3016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Tribolet L, Kerr E, Cowled C, Bean AGD, Stewart CR, Dearnley M, Farr RJ. MicroRNA Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases: From Basic Research to Biosensing. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1197. [PMID: 32582115 PMCID: PMC7286131 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pursuit of improved diagnostic tests for infectious diseases, several classes of molecules have been scrutinized as prospective biomarkers. Small (18–22 nucleotide), non-coding RNA transcripts called microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising candidates with extensive diagnostic potential, due to their role in numerous diseases, previously established methods for quantitation and their stability within biofluids. Despite efforts to identify, characterize and apply miRNA signatures as diagnostic markers in a range of non-infectious diseases, their application in infectious disease has advanced relatively slowly. Here, we outline the benefits that miRNA biomarkers offer to the diagnosis, management, and treatment of infectious diseases. Investigation of these novel biomarkers could advance the use of personalized medicine in infectious disease treatment, which raises important considerations for validating their use as diagnostic or prognostic markers. Finally, we discuss new and emerging miRNA detection platforms, with a focus on rapid, point-of-care testing, to evaluate the benefits and obstacles of miRNA biomarkers for infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Tribolet
- Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily Kerr
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher Cowled
- Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew G D Bean
- Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Cameron R Stewart
- Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan Dearnley
- Diagnostics, Surveillance and Response (DSR), Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan J Farr
- Diagnostics, Surveillance and Response (DSR), Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Yang M, Fan J, Du J, Peng X. Small-molecule fluorescent probes for imaging gaseous signaling molecules: current progress and future implications. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5127-5141. [PMID: 34122970 PMCID: PMC8159392 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01482f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous gaseous signaling molecules including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been demonstrated to perform significant physiological and pharmacological functions and are associated with various diseases in biological systems. In order to obtain a deeper insight into their roles and mechanisms of action, it is desirable to develop novel techniques for effectively detecting gaseous signaling molecules. Small-molecule fluorescent probes have been proven to be a powerful approach for the detection and imaging of biological messengers by virtue of their non-invasiveness, high selectivity, and real-time in situ detection capability. Based on the intrinsic properties of gaseous signaling molecules, numerous fluorescent probes have been constructed to satisfy various demands. In this perspective, we summarize the recent advances in the field of fluorescent probes for the detection of NO, CO and H2S and illustrate the design strategies and application examples of these probes. Moreover, we also emphasize the challenges and development directions of gasotransmitter-responsive fluorescent probes, hoping to provide a general implication for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P. R. China
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da Silva Chaves SN, Dutra Costa BP, Vidal Gomes GC, Lima-Maximino M, Pacheco Rico E, Maximino C. NOS-2 participates in the behavioral effects of ethanol withdrawal in zebrafish. Neurosci Lett 2020; 728:134952. [PMID: 32283112 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide has been implicated in symptoms of ethanol withdrawal in animal models. Zebrafish have been used as models to study neurobehavioral effects of ethanol (EtOH) withdrawal, but the mechanisms associated with these effects are not yet clear. Adult zebrafish were treated with 1% EtOH for 20 min per day for 8 days, injected with the nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) inhibitor aminoguanidine (50 mg/kg), and allowed to experience withdrawal (WD) in their hometanks for 7 days. EtOH WD increased anxiety-like behavior in the novel tank test, an effect that was blocked by aminoguanidine. EtOH WD also increased brain levels of nitrite, an effect that was partially blocked by aminoguanidine. These results underline a novel mechanism by which NOS-2 controls anxiety-like responses to ethanol withdrawal, with implications for the mechanistic study of symptoms associated with chronic ethanol abuse. Preprint: https://dx.doi.org/10.20944/preprints201912.0219.v1 Data and scripts: https://github.com/lanec-unifesspa/etoh-withdrawal/tree/master/NOS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suianny Nayara da Silva Chaves
- Laboratório De Neurociências e Comportamento "Frederico Guilherme Graeff", Faculdade De Psicologia, Universidade Federal Do Sul e Sudeste Do Pará, Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | - Bruna Patricia Dutra Costa
- Laboratório De Neurociências e Comportamento "Frederico Guilherme Graeff", Faculdade De Psicologia, Universidade Federal Do Sul e Sudeste Do Pará, Marabá, PA, Brazil; Rede De Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia Da Amazônia Legal, Pólo Marabá, Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Cristini Vidal Gomes
- Laboratório De Neurociências e Comportamento "Frederico Guilherme Graeff", Faculdade De Psicologia, Universidade Federal Do Sul e Sudeste Do Pará, Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | - Monica Lima-Maximino
- Laboratório De Neurofarmacologia e Biofísica, Centro De Ciências Biológicas e Da Saúde, Departamento De Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Campus VIII, Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pacheco Rico
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Caio Maximino
- Laboratório De Neurociências e Comportamento "Frederico Guilherme Graeff", Faculdade De Psicologia, Universidade Federal Do Sul e Sudeste Do Pará, Marabá, PA, Brazil.
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Shiva A, Arab S, Mousavi SJ, Zamanian A, Maboudi A. Serum and Salivary Level of Nitric Oxide (NOx) and CRP in Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) Patients. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2020; 21:6-11. [PMID: 32158779 PMCID: PMC7036349 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2019.77842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disease with unclear etiology while a few cases of disease become malignant. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the level of nitric oxide (NOx) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as oxidative stress and inflammation status in sample of OLP patients. MATERIALS AND METHOD In this case-control study, serum and salivary NOx and CRP levels were evaluated in twenty two OLP patients as the case group confirmed by clinical and histopathological diagnosis, and twenty two healthy control groups collected from Tooba Oral Pathology Laboratory in Sari in 2016. The data were analyzed by using independent-samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test and Chi-square by using SPSS version 21. The statistical significant level was considered at p< 0.05. RESULTS Salivary and serum NOx levels in case group showed statistically significantly higher than healthy control group (p= 0.035 and p= 0.001, respectively). CRP values were significantly higher both in serum (p= 0.001) and in saliva (p= 0.035). A significant correlation was found between CRP and NOx values in serum (r= 0.521, p= 0.0001) and saliva (r= 0.427, p= 0.045). CONCLUSION Oxidative stress causes damage to organs in the human body. Correct understanding of oxidative stress and its association with free radicals and inflammatory markers related to oral disease are important for effective treatments. The results of the study advocate the effects of NOx and CRP levels in pathogenesis of OLP. Therefore, antioxidant drugs might probably be considered in the treatment of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Shiva
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahin Arab
- Dept. of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyyed Jaber Mousavi
- Dept. of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Zamanian
- Dept. of Restorative, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Avideh Maboudi
- Dept. of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Yu L, Liu J, Yin W, Yu J, Chen R, Song D, Liu Q, Li R, Wang J. Ionic liquid combined with NiCo2O4/rGO enhances electrochemical oxygen sensing. Talanta 2020; 209:120515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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60
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Ishihara S, Iyi N. Controlled release of H 2S and NO gases through CO 2-stimulated anion exchange. Nat Commun 2020; 11:453. [PMID: 31974353 PMCID: PMC6978355 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14270-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Difficulties related to handling gases are a common bottleneck for applications. Although solid materials that release gas molecules under external stimuli exist, they require an external energy or a device for reliable operation. Herein, we report a CO2 stimulus for controlled release of p.p.m.-level functional gases from solid materials. A CO2-preferential anion-exchange property of layered double hydroxides and redox reactions in gas molecules are combined to release various gases (including H2S and NO) under ambient air from HS− and NO2−-incorporated layered double hydroxides, respectively. The profiles of gas release are mainly governed by the difference of pKa between H2CO3 and resulting acids (formed through protonation of interlayer anions), and are not so susceptible to the variation of relative humidity in air. Moreover, structural modulation of solid materials enables fine control of the gas release profiles. The use of safe, ubiquitous, and nearly constant (~400 p.p.m. in atmosphere) CO2 stimulus offers broad applications for functional gases. Solid materials releasing gas molecules under external stimuli usually require external energy for reliable operation. Here the authors synthesize layered double hydroxides for the autonomous release of H2S and NO gases in response to CO2-stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Ishihara
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Nobuo Iyi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.
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Kulyk K, Azizova L, Cunningham JM, Mikhalovska L, Borysenko M, Mikhalovsky S. Nanosized copper(ii) oxide/silica for catalytic generation of nitric oxide from S-nitrosothiols. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:4267-4277. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00137f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The findings of this study suggest that copper(ii) oxide–silica nanoparticles produce NO from the GSNO species at physiological conditions in situ and could be used for designing biomedical materials with NO generating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liana Azizova
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry
- 03164 Kyiv
- Ukraine
- University of Brighton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
| | - James M. Cunningham
- University of Brighton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Brighton
- UK
| | - Lyuba Mikhalovska
- University of Brighton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Brighton
- UK
| | | | - Sergey Mikhalovsky
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry
- 03164 Kyiv
- Ukraine
- ANAMAD Ltd
- Sussex Innovation Centre
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62
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Ding Z, He K, Duan Y, Shen Z, Cheng J, Zhang G, Hu J. Photo-degradable micelles for co-delivery of nitric oxide and doxorubicin. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:7009-7017. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00817f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photo-degradable triblock copolymers enable the co-delivery of nitric oxide and doxorubicin exerting an improved therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanling Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
| | - Kewu He
- Imaging Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University
- Hefei 230031
- China
| | - Yutian Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
| | - Jian Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
| | - Guoying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
| | - Jinming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
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Hall JR, Maloney SE, Jin H, Taylor JB, Schoenfisch MH. Nitric oxide diffusion through cystic fibrosis-relevant media and lung tissue. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40176-40183. [PMID: 32655858 PMCID: PMC7351356 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07367a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A simplified diffusion cell methodology was employed to measure the diffusion coefficient of nitric oxide (NO) through phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and artificial sputum medium (ASM)—an in vitro analog for airway mucus. Diffusion through the proteinaceous ASM yielded a significantly lower diffusion coefficient compared to PBS, which is attributed to both the physical obstruction by the mucin mesh and reactive nature of NO radicals towards the biological compounds in ASM. To further confirm that ASM was restricting NO from diffusing freely, a macromolecular propylamine-modified cyclodextrin donor (CD-PA) was employed to release the NO more slowly. The NO diffusion characteristics in ASM via the NO donor were also slower relative to PBS. As NO is likely to interact with lung cells after passing through the mucus barrier, the diffusion of both NO and the CD-PA macromolecular NO donor through differentiated lung tissue was investigated with and without an ASM layer. Comparison of NO diffusion through the three diffusion barriers indicated that the lung tissue significantly impeded NO penetration over the course of the experiment compared to PBS and ASM. In fact, the diffusion of CD-PA through the lung tissue was hindered until after the release of its NO payload, potentially due to the increased net charge of the NO donor structure. Of importance, the viability of the tissue was not influenced by the NO-releasing CD-PA at bactericidal concentrations. Nitric oxide diffusion monitored through artificial sputum medium using an adaptable diffusion cell and released from donor through human lung tissue.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson R Hall
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599
| | - Sara E Maloney
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599
| | - Haibao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599
| | - James B Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599
| | - Mark H Schoenfisch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599
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Deacetylphylloketal, a New Phylloketal Derivative from a Marine Sponge, Genus Phyllospongia, with Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity in In Vitro Co-Culture Model of Intestine. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17110634. [PMID: 31717394 PMCID: PMC6891596 DOI: 10.3390/md17110634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) cause chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). The prevalence of IBD has been increasing worldwide, and has sometimes led to irreversible impairment of gastrointestinal structure and function. In the present study, we successfully isolated a new phylloketal derivative, deacetylphylloketal (1) along with four known compounds from the sponge genus Phyllospongia. The anti-inflammatory properties of deacetylphylloketal (1) and phyllohemiketal A (2) were evaluated using an in vitro co-culture system that resembles the intestinal epithelial environment. A co-culture system was established that consisted of human epithelial Caco-2 cells and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-differentiated THP-1 macrophage cells. The treatment of co-cultured THP-1 cells with compounds 1 or 2 significantly suppressed the production and/or gene expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α). The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were down-regulated in response to inhibition of NF-kB translocation into the nucleus in cells. In addition, we observed that 1 and 2 markedly promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and subsequent increase in the expression of heme oxygernase (HO)-1. These findings suggest the potential use of sponge genus Phyllospongia and its metabolites as a pharmaceutical aid in the treatment of inflammation-related diseases including IBD.
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Kandasamy M, Mak KK, Devadoss T, Thanikachalam PV, Sakirolla R, Choudhury H, Pichika MR. Construction of a novel quinoxaline as a new class of Nrf2 activator. BMC Chem 2019; 13:117. [PMID: 31572984 PMCID: PMC6760105 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its principal repressive regulator, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), are perilous in the regulation of inflammation, as well as maintenance of homeostasis. Thus, NRF2 activation is involved in cytoprotection against many inflammatory disorders. N′-Nicotinoylquinoxaline-2-carbohdyrazide (NQC) was structurally designed by the combination of important pharmacophoric features of bioactive compounds reported in the literature. Methods NQC was synthesised and characterised using spectroscopic techniques. The compound was tested for its anti-inflammatory effect using Lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli (LPSEc) induced inflammation in mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells). The effect of NQC on inflammatory cytokines was measured using enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). The Nrf2 activity of the compound NQC was determined using ‘Keap1:Nrf2 Inhibitor Screening Assay Kit’. To obtain the insights on NQC’s activity on Nrf2, molecular docking studies were performed using Schrödinger suite. The metabolic stability of NQC was determined using mouse, rat and human microsomes. Results NQC was found to be non-toxic at the dose of 50 µM on RAW 264.7 cells. NQC showed potent anti-inflammatory effect in an in vitro model of LPSEc stimulated murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells) with an IC50 value 26.13 ± 1.17 µM. NQC dose-dependently down-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β (13.27 ± 2.37 μM), IL-6 (10.13 ± 0.58 μM) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] (14.41 ± 1.83 μM); and inflammatory mediator, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) with IC50 values, 15.23 ± 0.91 µM. Molecular docking studies confirmed the favourable binding of NQC at Kelch domain of Keap-1. It disrupts the Nrf2 interaction with kelch domain of keap 1 and its IC50 value was 4.21 ± 0.89 µM. The metabolic stability studies of NQC in human, rat and mouse liver microsomes revealed that it is quite stable with half-life values; 63.30 ± 1.73, 52.23 ± 0.81, 24.55 ± 1.13 min; microsomal intrinsic clearance values; 1.14 ± 0.31, 1.39 ± 0.87 and 2.96 ± 0.34 µL/min/g liver; respectively. It is observed that rat has comparable metabolic profile with human, thus, rat could be used as an in vivo model for prediction of pharmacokinetics and metabolism profiles of NQC in human. Conclusion NQC is a new class of NRF2 activator with potent in vitro anti-inflammatory activity and good metabolic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesh Kandasamy
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,4Center for Bioactive Molecules & Drug Delivery, Institute for Research, Development & Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kit-Kay Mak
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,2School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,4Center for Bioactive Molecules & Drug Delivery, Institute for Research, Development & Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thangaraj Devadoss
- KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh India
| | | | | | - Hira Choudhury
- 3Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,4Center for Bioactive Molecules & Drug Delivery, Institute for Research, Development & Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,4Center for Bioactive Molecules & Drug Delivery, Institute for Research, Development & Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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66
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Khan AH, Michel D, Bertmer M. Temperature dependent 15N NMR study of nitric oxide. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:38-43. [PMID: 31103933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, 15N NMR data are obtained for a sample of nitric oxide at various temperatures. Spectra have been obtained in the liquid and solid state. In the former, the chemical shift as well as the spin-lattice relaxation time is characterized by the dynamic equilibrium of the dimerization reaction. Only the signal of the (NO)2 dimer is observed, while the paramagnetic NO has strong influences on the NMR parameter. From T1 relaxation and linewidth analysis a range for the correlation time of the exchange between monomer and dimer is obtained. SQUID measurements corroborate the NMR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafat H Khan
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dieter Michel
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marko Bertmer
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
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67
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Vishwakarma A, Wany A, Pandey S, Bulle M, Kumari A, Kishorekumar R, Igamberdiev AU, Mur LAJ, Gupta KJ. Current approaches to measure nitric oxide in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4333-4343. [PMID: 31106826 PMCID: PMC6736158 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is now established as an important signalling molecule in plants where it influences growth, development, and responses to stress. Despite extensive research, the most appropriate methods to measure and localize these signalling radicals are debated and still need investigation. Many confounding factors such as the presence of other reactive intermediates, scavenging enzymes, and compartmentation influence how accurately each can be measured. Further, these signalling radicals have short half-lives ranging from seconds to minutes based on the cellular redox condition. Hence, it is necessary to use sensitive and specific methods in order to understand the contribution of each signalling molecule to various biological processes. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on NO measurement in plant samples, via various methods. We also discuss advantages, limitations, and wider applications of each method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aakanksha Wany
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonika Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Mallesham Bulle
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Aprajita Kumari
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Reddy Kishorekumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Abir U Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Luis A J Mur
- Institute of Environmental and Rural Science, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
- Correspondence:
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68
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Ahonen MJR, Dorrier JM, Schoenfisch MH. Antibiofilm Efficacy of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Alginates against Cystic Fibrosis Bacterial Pathogens. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1327-1335. [PMID: 31136714 PMCID: PMC6773255 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Colonization of the lungs by biofilm-forming pathogens is a major cause of mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). In CF patients, these pathogens are difficult to treat due to the additional protection provided by both the biofilm exopolysaccharide matrix and thick, viscous mucus. The antibiofilm efficacy of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing alginates was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus biofilms in both aerobic and anaerobic environments. Varying the amine precursor grafted onto alginate oligosaccharides imparted tunable NO storage (∼0.1-0.3 μmol/mg) and release kinetics (∼4-40 min half-lives) in the artificial sputum media used for biofilm testing. The NO-releasing alginates were highly antibacterial against the four CF-relevant pathogens, achieving a 5-log reduction in biofilm viability after 24 h of treatment, with biocidal efficacy dependent on NO-release kinetics. Aerobic biofilms required greater starting NO doses to achieve killing relative to the anaerobic biofilms. Relative to tobramycin (the minimum concentration of antibacterial agent required to achieve a 5-log reduction in viability after 24 h, MBEC24h, of ≥2000 μg/mL) and vancomycin (MBEC24h ≥ 1000 μg/mL), the NO-releasing alginates proved to be more effective (NO dose ≤ 520 μg/mL) regardless of growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Jasmine R. Ahonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, CB 3290, NC 27599, United States
| | - Jamie M. Dorrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, CB 3290, NC 27599, United States
| | - Mark H. Schoenfisch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, CB 3290, NC 27599, United States
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69
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Brown MD, Schoenfisch MH. Selective and Sensocompatible Electrochemical Nitric Oxide Sensor with a Bilaminar Design. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1766-1773. [PMID: 31244005 PMCID: PMC6759084 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages mediate mammalian inflammation in part by the release of the gasotransmitter, nitric oxide (NO). Electrochemical methods represent the best means of direct, continuous measurement of NO, but monitoring continuous release from immunostimulated macrophages remains analytically challenging. Long release durations necessitate consistent sensor performance (i.e., sensitivity and selectivity for NO) in proteinaceous media. Herein, we describe the fabrication of an electrochemical sensor modified by an electropolymerized 5-amino-1-naphthol (poly(5A1N)) film in conjunction with a fluorinated xerogel topcoat. The unique combination of these membranes ensures selective detection of NO that is maintained over extended periods of use (>24 h) in biological media without performance deterioration. The hydrophobic xerogel topcoat protects the underlying NO-selective poly(5A1N) film from hydration-induced desorption. The bilaminar sensor is then readily adapted for measurement of the temporal NO-release profiles from immunostimulated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah D. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Mark H. Schoenfisch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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70
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Iring A, Jin YJ, Albarrán-Juárez J, Siragusa M, Wang S, Dancs PT, Nakayama A, Tonack S, Chen M, Künne C, Sokol AM, Günther S, Martínez A, Fleming I, Wettschureck N, Graumann J, Weinstein LS, Offermanns S. Shear stress-induced endothelial adrenomedullin signaling regulates vascular tone and blood pressure. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2775-2791. [PMID: 31205027 DOI: 10.1172/jci123825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction and stroke. Major determinants of blood pressure are vasodilatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO) released from the endothelium under the influence of fluid shear stress exerted by the flowing blood. Several endothelial signaling processes mediating fluid shear stress-induced formation and release of vasodilatory factors have been described. It is, however, still poorly understood how fluid shear stress induces these endothelial responses. Here we show that the endothelial mechanosensitive cation channel PIEZO1 mediated fluid shear stress-induced release of adrenomedullin, which in turn activated its Gs-coupled receptor. The subsequent increase in cAMP levels promoted the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) at serine 633 through protein kinase A (PKA), leading to the activation of the enzyme. This Gs/PKA-mediated pathway synergized with the AKT-mediated pathways leading to eNOS phosphorylation at serine 1177. Mice with endothelium-specific deficiency of adrenomedullin, the adrenomedullin receptor, or Gαs showed reduced flow-induced eNOS activation and vasodilation and developed hypertension. Our data identify fluid shear stress-induced PIEZO1 activation as a central regulator of endothelial adrenomedullin release and establish the adrenomedullin receptor and subsequent Gs-mediated formation of cAMP as a critical endothelial mechanosignaling pathway regulating basal endothelial NO formation, vascular tone, and blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Iring
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Young-June Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Julián Albarrán-Juárez
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Mauro Siragusa
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - ShengPeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Yanta District, Xi'an, China
| | - Péter T Dancs
- Institute of Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Akiko Nakayama
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Tonack
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Min Chen
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Anna M Sokol
- Scientific Service Group Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | | | - Alfredo Martínez
- Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Scientific Service Group Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Lee S Weinstein
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main site, Frankfurt and Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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71
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Malone-Povolny MJ, Maloney SE, Schoenfisch MH. Nitric Oxide Therapy for Diabetic Wound Healing. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801210. [PMID: 30645055 PMCID: PMC6774257 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) represents a potential wound therapeutic agent due to its ability to regulate inflammation and eradicate bacterial infections. Two broad strategies exist to utilize NO for wound healing; liberating NO from endogenous reservoirs, and supplementing NO from exogenous sources. This progress report examines the efficacy of a variety of NO-based methods to improve wound outcomes, with particular attention given to diabetes-associated chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie J Malone-Povolny
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Sara E Maloney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mark H Schoenfisch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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72
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Ahonen MJR, Hill DB, Schoenfisch MH. Nitric oxide-releasing alginates as mucolytic agents. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3409-3418. [PMID: 32309634 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The excessive production of thick, viscous mucus in severe respiratory diseases leads to obstruction of the airways and provides a suitable environment for the colonization of pathogenic bacteria. The effect of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing alginates with varying NO release kinetics on the viscoelastic properties of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) mucus was evaluated as a function of the NO-release kinetics using parallel plate rheology. Low molecular weight (~5 kDa) alginates with high NO flux (~4000 ppb/mg) and sustained release (half-life ~0.3 h) proved to be most effective in reducing both mucus elasticity and viscosity (≥60% reduction for both). The efficacy of the NO-releasing alginates was shown to be dose-dependent, with high concentrations of NO-releasing alginates (~80 mg•mL-1) resulting in greater reduction of the viscosity and elasticity of the mucus samples. Greater reduction in mucus rheology was also achieved with NO-releasing alginates at lower concentrations when compared to both NO-releasing chitosan, a similarly biocompatible cationic polymer, and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a conventional mucolytic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Jasmine R Ahonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David B Hill
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7248, United States
| | - Mark H Schoenfisch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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73
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Silicon Wafer Functionalization with a Luminescent Tb(III) Coordination Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application to the Optical Detection of NO in the Gas Phase. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101914. [PMID: 31109021 PMCID: PMC6572424 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new luminescent Tb-DOTAGA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1-glutaric-4,7,10- triacetic acid) complex (TbL) was synthesized and covalently immobilized on a silicon wafer. The grafting process was monitored by means of IR and XPS spectroscopies and the optical properties of the functionalized silicon wafer (TbL@Si) were investigated by fluorescence experiments. A homemade setup was then implemented in order to follow TbL@Si optical properties in the presence of gaseous nitric oxide (NO). The prima facie results indicated that in the presence of NO, the wafer fluorescence was partially quenched. This quenching was reversible as soon as NO was pumped outside the fluorescence cell, which could be interesting for the further development of lanthanide labelled silicon wafers as gas phase sensors.
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74
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DFT investigation and molecular docking studies on dinuclear metal carbonyls containing pyridyl ligands with alkyne unit. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00784-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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75
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Workie YA, Sabrina, Imae T, Krafft MP. Nitric Oxide Gas Delivery by Fluorinated Poly(Ethylene Glycol)@Graphene Oxide Carrier toward Pharmacotherapeutics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2926-2934. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yitayal Admassu Workie
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Sabrina
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Toyoko Imae
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Marie Pierre Krafft
- University of Strasbourg, Charles Sadron Institute (CNRS), 23 rue du Loess, Strasbourg 67034, France
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76
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Li H, Liu W, Kan R. A compact low-noise photodiode detection system for chemiluminescence nitric oxide analyzer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:046103. [PMID: 31043039 DOI: 10.1063/1.5082400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A compact, low noise, and high gain photon detector with the size of 50 mm × 50 mm × 48 mm has been developed for a nitric oxide (NO) chemiluminescence analyzer based on a temperature-stabilized photodiode (PD). A deviation of 0.01 °C was realized based on the design of a highly precise temperature control system to avoid signal fluctuation and baseline drift caused by environmental temperature fluctuation. At an optimized temperature of 23 °C, the noise level of 0.088 mV of the PD detector with a gain of 1011 V/A was obtained. The limit of quantitative detection for NO achieved was 25 ppb (S/N = 10), and the coefficient of determination R2 was 0.999 in the range of 0.1-20 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Wenqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Ruifeng Kan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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77
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Ahuja BB, Vigalok A. Fluorescent Calixarene Scaffolds for NO Detection in Protic Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2774-2778. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brij Bhushan Ahuja
- School of ChemistryThe Sackler Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Arkadi Vigalok
- School of ChemistryThe Sackler Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
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78
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Foley TD, Koval KS, Gallagher AG, Olsen SH. Potential widespread denitrosylation of brain proteins following prolonged restraint: proposed links between stress and central nervous system disease. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:183-189. [PMID: 30414012 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The biochemical pathways by which aberrant psychophysiological stress promotes neuronal damage and increases the risks for central nervous system diseases are not well understood. In light of previous findings that psychophysiological stress, modeled by animal restraint, can increase the activities and expression levels of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in multiple brain regions, we examined the effects of restraint, for up to 6 h, on levels of S-nitrosylated proteins and NOx (nitrite + nitrate), a marker for high-level nitric oxide generation, in the brains of rats. Results identify functionally-diverse protein targets of S-nitrosylation in the brain, in vivo, and demonstrate the potential for widespread loss of protein nitrosothiols following prolonged restraint despite a concomitant increase in NOx levels. Since physiological levels of protein S-nitrosylation can protect neurons by maintaining redox homeostasis, by limiting excitatory neurotransmission, and by inhibiting apoptotic and inflammatory pathways, we propose that over-activation of protein denitrosylation pathways following sustained or repeated stress may facilitate neural damage and early stages of stress-related central nervous system disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Foley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, 18510, USA.
| | - Kari S Koval
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, 18510, USA
| | | | - Stefan H Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, 18510, USA
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79
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Ahuja BB, Vigalok A. Fluorescent Calixarene Scaffolds for NO Detection in Protic Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brij Bhushan Ahuja
- School of ChemistryThe Sackler Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Arkadi Vigalok
- School of ChemistryThe Sackler Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
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80
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Siegel JM, Schilly KM, Wijesinghe MB, Caruso G, Fresta CG, Lunte SM. Optimization of a microchip electrophoresis method with electrochemical detection for the determination of nitrite in macrophage cells as an indicator of nitric oxide production. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2019; 11:148-156. [PMID: 31579404 PMCID: PMC6774641 DOI: 10.1039/c8ay02014k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in many biological functions, including blood pressure regulation, the immune response, and neurotransmission. However, excess production of NO can lead to the generation of reactive nitrogen species and nitrosative stress and has been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular disorders. Because NO is short-lived and generally difficult to detect, its primary stable degradation product, nitrite, is frequently monitored in its place. In this paper, an improved method using microchip electrophoresis with electrochemical detection (ME-EC) was developed for the separation and detection of nitrite in cell lysates. A separation of nitrite from several electroactive cell constituents and interferences was optimized, and the effect of sample and buffer conductivity on peak efficiency was explored. It was found that the addition of 10 mM NaCl to the run buffer caused stacking of the nitrite peak and improved limits of detection. A platinum black working electrode was also evaluated for the detection of nitrite and other electroactive cellular species after electrophoretic separation. The use of a modified platinum working electrode resulted in 2.5-, 1.7-, and 7.2-fold signal enhancement for nitrite, ascorbic acid, and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, and increased the sensitivity of the method for nitrite twofold. The optimized ME-EC method was used to compare nitrite production by native and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Siegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Kelci M. Schilly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Manjula B. Wijesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Current address: Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina 94018, Italy
| | - Claudia G. Fresta
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Susan M. Lunte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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81
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Park K, Jeong H, Tanum J, Yoo JC, Hong J. Poly-l-lysine/poly-l-glutamic acid-based layer-by-layer self-assembled multilayer film for nitric oxide gas delivery. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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82
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Maiti D, Islam ASM, Dutta A, Sasmal M, Prodhan C, Ali M. Dansyl-appended CuII-complex-based nitroxyl (HNO) sensing with living cell imaging application and DFT studies. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:2760-2771. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04564j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We introduce herein, a novel copper complex-based fluorescent probe[CuII(DQ468)Cl]+that exhibits a significant fluorescence turn-on response towards nitroxyl with high selectivity over other biological reactive oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur species, including nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjani Maiti
- Department of Chemistry Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | | | - Ananya Dutta
- Department of Chemistry Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Mihir Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Chandraday Prodhan
- Molecular & Human Genetics Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata-700032
- India
| | - Mahammad Ali
- Department of Chemistry Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
- Vice-Chancellor
- Aliah University
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83
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Investigative Study on Nitric Oxide Production in Human Dermal Fibroblast Cells under Normal and High Glucose Conditions. Med Sci (Basel) 2018; 6:medsci6040099. [PMID: 30423993 PMCID: PMC6313404 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a major health problem associated with diabetes mellitus. Impaired nitric oxide (NO) production has been shown to be a major contributor to the dysregulation of healing in DFU. The level of impairment is not known primarily due to challenges with measuring NO. Herein, we report the actual level of NO produced by human dermal fibroblasts cultured under normal and high glucose conditions. Fibroblasts produce the extracellular matrix, which facilitate the migration of keratinocytes to close wounds. The results show that NO production was significantly higher in normal glucose compared to high glucose conditions. The real-time NO detected was compared to the nitrite present in the culture media and there was a direct correlation between real-time NO and nitrite in normal glucose conditions. However, real-time NO detection and nitrite measurement did not correlate under high glucose conditions. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzyme responsible for NO production was upregulated in normal and high glucose conditions and the proliferation rate of fibroblasts was not statistically different in all the treatment groups. Relying only on nitrite to assess NO production is not an accurate determinant of the NO present in the wound bed in pathological states such as diabetes mellitus.
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84
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Nitric Oxide Detection Using Electrochemical Third-generation Biosensors - Based on Heme Proteins and Porphyrins. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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85
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Yang L, Feura ES, Ahonen MJR, Schoenfisch MH. Nitric Oxide-Releasing Macromolecular Scaffolds for Antibacterial Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800155. [PMID: 29756275 PMCID: PMC6159924 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous nitric oxide (NO) represents an attractive antibacterial agent because of its ability to both disperse and directly kill bacterial biofilms while avoiding resistance. Due to the challenges associated with administering gaseous NO, NO-releasing macromolecular scaffolds are developed to facilitate NO delivery. This progress report describes the rational design and application of NO-releasing macromolecular scaffolds as antibacterial therapeutics. Special consideration is given to the role of the physicochemical properties of the NO storage vehicles on antibacterial or anti-biofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Evan S. Feura
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mona Jasmine R. Ahonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mark H. Schoenfisch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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86
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Nightingale AM, Hassan SU, Evans GWH, Coleman SM, Niu X. Nitrate measurement in droplet flow: gas-mediated crosstalk and correction. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1903-1913. [PMID: 29877549 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00092a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In droplet microfluidics, droplets have traditionally been considered discrete self-contained reaction chambers, however recent work has shown that dissolved solutes can transfer into the oil phase and migrate into neighbouring droplets under certain conditions. The majority of reports on such inter-droplet "crosstalk" have focused on surfactant-driven mechanisms, such as transport within micelles. While trialling a droplet-based system for quantifying nitrate in water, we encountered crosstalk driven by a very different mechanism: conversion of the analyte to a gaseous intermediate which subsequently diffused between droplets. Importantly we found that the crosstalk occurred predictably, could be experimentally quantified, and measurements rationally post-corrected. This showed that droplet microfluidic systems susceptible to crosstalk such as this can nonetheless be used for quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian M Nightingale
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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87
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Hardy kiwi leaves extracted by multi-frequency multimode modulated technology: A sustainable and promising by-product for industry. Food Res Int 2018; 112:184-191. [PMID: 30131127 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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88
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Zhang Y, Yang X, Sun G, Zhang H, Liu X, Zhu F, Qin S, Zhao Z, Cui Y. Colorimetric chemosensors based on diketopyrrolopyrrole for selective and reversible recognition of fluoride ions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 199:161-169. [PMID: 29602024 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of colorimetric and reversible receptors for fluoride anions based on diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) were designed and synthesized successfully. The position of nitro substituent on the phenylhydrazide affected the alteration of photophysical properties to varying degrees. While the photoluminescence intensity of receptor 1 was weaker than that of receptor 2 and receptor 3 on account of the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bond deriving from oxygen atom of nitro substituent and hydrogen atom of hydrazide. The receptor 2 was a preferable chemosensor for responding fluoride anions. The fluorescence was quenched in the presence of fluoride anion resulted from the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) effect from the amide. The formation of deprotonation species, which produced by hydrazide NH moiety and F- was answerable for the spectral changes. Especially, the spectral and color responses of receptors could be switched back and forth successively by adding F- and HSO4- anions in DMSO solution. These receptors could response fluoride anion sensitively, visually and selectively in a manner of reversible with a low determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China.
| | - Guoxin Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Fengqiao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Shuchun Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Ziqi Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China.
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89
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Park S, Shin H, Park Y, Choi I, Park B, Lee KY. Characterization of inhibitory constituents of NO production from Catalpa ovata using LC-MS coupled with a cell-based assay. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:57-63. [PMID: 29874630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An effective screening method for inhibitors of NO production in natural products using LC-QTOF MS/MS coupled with a cell-based assay was proposed. The ethyl acetate fraction of Catalpa ovata exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on NO production in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglia cells. We attempted to identify the active constituents of C. ovata by using LC-QTOF MS/MS coupled with a cell-based assay. Peaks at approximately 14-15 min on the MS chromatogram were estimated to be the bioactive constituents. A new iridoid compound, 6-O-trans-feruloyl-3β-hydroxy-7-deoxyrehamaglutin A (4), and nine known compounds (1-3, 5-10) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of C. ovata by repeated column chromatography. Compounds 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8 significantly attenuated lipopolysaccharide-stimulated NO production in BV2 cells. Our results indicate that LC-QTOF MS/MS coupled with a cell-based NO production inhibitory assay successfully predicted active compounds without a time-consuming isolation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin Park
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeji Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeeun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilgyu Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungduck Park
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Yong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea.
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90
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Park HJ, Kim JK, Jun JG. Facile Synthesis and In Vitro
Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitory Activity of Benzoxazoles. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Applied Chemistry; Hallym University; Chuncheon 24252 South Korea
| | - Jin-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Natural Science; Catholic University of Daegu; Gyeungsan-Si 38430 South Korea
| | - Jong-Gab Jun
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Applied Chemistry; Hallym University; Chuncheon 24252 South Korea
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91
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Stroppel AS, Paolillo M, Ziegler T, Feil R, Stafforst T. Npom-Protected NONOate Enables Light-Triggered NO/cGMP Signalling in Primary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1312-1318. [PMID: 29417721 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diazeniumdiolates (NONOates) are a class of nitric-oxide-releasing substances widely used in studies of NO/cGMP signalling. Because spatiotemporal control is highly desirable for such purposes, we have synthesised a new Npom-caged pyrrolidine NONOate. A kinetic analysis together with a Griess assay showed the photodependent release of NO with high quantum yield (UV light). In primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), our compound was reliably able to induce fast increases in cGMP, as measured with a genetically encoded FRET-based cGMP sensor and further validated by the phosphorylation of the downstream target vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP). Thanks to their facile synthesis, good decaging kinetics and capability to activate cGMP signalling in a fast and efficient manner, Npom-protected NONOates allow for improved spatiotemporal control of NO/cGMP signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Stroppel
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Paolillo
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Ziegler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stafforst
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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92
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Sluggett GW, Zelesky T, Hetrick EM, Babayan Y, Baertschi SW. Artifactual degradation of secondary amine-containing drugs during accelerated stability testing when saturated sodium nitrite solutions are used for humidity control. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 149:206-213. [PMID: 29126082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Accelerated stability studies of pharmaceutical products are commonly conducted at various combinations of temperature and relative humidity (RH). The RH of the sample environment can be controlled to set points using humidity-controlled stability chambers or via storage of the sample in a closed container in the presence of a saturated aqueous salt solution. Herein we report an unexpected N-nitrosation reaction that occurs upon storage of carvedilol- or propranolol-excipient blends in a stability chamber in the presence of saturated sodium nitrite (NaNO2) solution to control relative humidity (∼60% RH). In both cases, the major products were identified as the corresponding N-nitroso derivatives of the secondary amine drugs based on mass spectrometry, UV-vis and retention time. These degradation products were not observed upon storage of the samples at the same temperature and humidity but in the presence of saturated potassium iodide (KI) solution (∼60% RH) for humidity control. The levels of the N-nitrosamine derivatives varied with the pH of various NaNO2 batches. The presence of volatile NOx species in the headspace of a container containing saturated NaNO2 solution was confirmed via the Griess assay. The process for formation of the N-nitrosamine derivatives is proposed to involve volatilization of nitric oxide (NO) from aqueous nitrite solution into the headspace of the container followed by diffusion into the solid drug-excipient blend and subsequent reaction of NOx with the secondary amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory W Sluggett
- Analytical Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA.
| | - Todd Zelesky
- Analytical Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Evan M Hetrick
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Yelizaveta Babayan
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
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93
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Wan H, Yin H, Lin L, Zeng X, Mason AJ. Miniaturized Planar Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Electrochemical Gas Sensor for Rapid Multiple Gas Pollutants Monitoring. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2018. [PMID: 29255341 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2017.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The growing impact of airborne pollutants and explosive gases on human health and occupational safety has escalated the demand of sensors to monitor hazardous gases. This paper presents a new miniaturized planar electrochemical gas sensor for rapid measurement of multiple gaseous hazards. The gas sensor features a porous polytetrafluoroethylene substrate that enables fast gas diffusion and room temperature ionic liquid as the electrolyte. Metal sputtering was utilized for platinum electrodes fabrication to enhance adhesion between the electrodes and the substrate. Together with carefully selected electrochemical methods, the miniaturized gas sensor is capable of measuring multiple gases including oxygen, methane, ozone and sulfur dioxide that are important to human health and safety. Compared to its manually-assembled Clark-cell predecessor, this sensor provides better sensitivity, linearity and repeatability, as validated for oxygen monitoring. With solid performance, fast response and miniaturized size, this sensor is promising for deployment in wearable devices for real-time point-of-exposure gas pollutant monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, U.S.A
| | - Heyu Yin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, U.S.A
| | - Lu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, U.S.A
| | - Xiangqun Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, U.S.A
| | - Andrew J Mason
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, U.S.A
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94
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Wan H, Yin H, Lin L, Zeng X, Mason AJ. Miniaturized Planar Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Electrochemical Gas Sensor for Rapid Multiple Gas Pollutants Monitoring. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2018; 255:638-646. [PMID: 29255341 PMCID: PMC5731251 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2017.08.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The growing impact of airborne pollutants and explosive gases on human health and occupational safety has escalated the demand of sensors to monitor hazardous gases. This paper presents a new miniaturized planar electrochemical gas sensor for rapid measurement of multiple gaseous hazards. The gas sensor features a porous polytetrafluoroethylene substrate that enables fast gas diffusion and room temperature ionic liquid as the electrolyte. Metal sputtering was utilized for platinum electrodes fabrication to enhance adhesion between the electrodes and the substrate. Together with carefully selected electrochemical methods, the miniaturized gas sensor is capable of measuring multiple gases including oxygen, methane, ozone and sulfur dioxide that are important to human health and safety. Compared to its manually-assembled Clark-cell predecessor, this sensor provides better sensitivity, linearity and repeatability, as validated for oxygen monitoring. With solid performance, fast response and miniaturized size, this sensor is promising for deployment in wearable devices for real-time point-of-exposure gas pollutant monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, U.S.A
| | - Heyu Yin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, U.S.A
| | - Lu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, U.S.A
| | - Xiangqun Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, U.S.A
| | - Andrew J. Mason
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, U.S.A
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95
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Alam R, Islam ASM, Sasmal M, Katarkar A, Ali M. A rhodamine-based turn-on nitric oxide sensor in aqueous medium with endogenous cell imaging: an unusual formation of nitrosohydroxylamine. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:3910-3920. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00822a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The sensor L3 selectively recognizes NO in purely aqueous medium with an unusual formation of nitrosohydroxylamine with a turn-on fluorescence response which might be suitable for in vivo application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabiul Alam
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | | | - Mihir Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Atul Katarkar
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata-700032
- India
| | - Mahammad Ali
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
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96
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Cha KH, Wang X, Meyerhoff ME. Nitric Oxide Release for Improving Performance of Implantable Chemical Sensors - A Review. APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY 2017; 9:589-597. [PMID: 29520370 PMCID: PMC5837052 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, there has been extensive interest in developing in vivo chemical sensors that can provide real-time measurements of blood gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH), glucose/lactate, and potentially other critical care analytes in the blood of hospitalized patients. However, clot formation with intravascular sensors and foreign body response toward sensors implanted subcutaneously can cause inaccurate analytical results. Further, the risk of bacterial infection from any sensor implanted in the human body is another major concern. To solve these issues, the release of an endogenous gas molecule, nitric oxide (NO), from the surface of such sensors has been investigated owing to NO's ability to inhibit platelet activation/adhesion, foreign body response and bacterial growth. This paper summarizes the importance of NO's therapeutic potential for this application and reviews the publications to date that report on the analytical performance of NO release sensors in laboratory testing and/or during in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Ha Cha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
| | - Mark E Meyerhoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
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97
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Pal HA, Mohapatra S, Gupta V, Ghosh S, Verma S. Self-assembling soft structures for intracellular NO release and promotion of neurite outgrowth. Chem Sci 2017; 8:6171-6175. [PMID: 28989648 PMCID: PMC5627600 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05017d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), an endogenously produced free radical species, is an extremely important signalling molecule in several biochemical processes related to neurotransmission, neuronal communication, and vasodilation, to name a few. Other than relying on endogenous synthesis, intracellular NO delivery presents an interesting challenge to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of this gaseous molecule. We have applied a self-assembling peptide conjugate strategy to devise a construct carrying a NO-release arm, which can be activated under standard redox conditions. Consequently, a tryptophan-based peptide carrier was designed, which self-assembled in the solution phase to afford soft nanospherical structures, and released NO in Neuro2a cell line, resulting in neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad Pal
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016 , UP , India .
| | - Saswat Mohapatra
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Kolkata , 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Jadavpur 700032 , WB , India
| | - Varsha Gupta
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Kolkata , 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Jadavpur 700032 , WB , India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Kolkata , 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Jadavpur 700032 , WB , India
| | - Sandeep Verma
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016 , UP , India .
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98
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Lange K, Lautenschläger C, Wallert M, Lorkowski S, Stallmach A, Schiller A. Development of an advanced diagnostic concept for intestinal inflammation: molecular visualisation of nitric oxide in macrophages by functional poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) microspheres. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:1637-1641. [PMID: 28875100 PMCID: PMC5564270 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We here describe a new approach to visualise nitric oxide (NO) in living macrophages by fluorescent NO-sensitive microspheres based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). PLGA microspheres loaded with NO550 dye were prepared through a modified solvent-evaporation method. Microparticles were characterized by a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 3000 nm, zeta potential of -26.000 ± 0.351 mV and a PDI of 0.828 ± 0.298. Under abiotic conditions, NO release was triggered through UV radiation (254 nm) of 10 mM sodium nitroprusside dehydrate (SNP). After incubation, AZO550 microspheres exhibited an about 8-fold increased emission at 550 nm compared to NO550 particles. For biotic NO release, RAW 264.7 murine macrophages were activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Salmonella typhimurium. After treatment with NO550 microparticles, only activated cells caused a green particle fluorescence and could be detected by laser scanning microscopy. NO release was confirmed indirectly with Griess reaction. Our functional NO550 particles enable a simple and early evaluation of inflammatory and immunological processes. Furthermore, our results on particle-based NO sensing and previous studies in targeting intestinal inflammation via (PLGA)-based microspheres demonstrate that an advanced concept for visualizing intestinal inflammation is tangible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Lange
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectiology), Am Klinikum 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Lautenschläger
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectiology), Am Klinikum 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Wallert
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle–Jena–Leipzig and Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Institute of Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, Dornburger Straße 25, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Stallmach
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectiology), Am Klinikum 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Schiller
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Humboldtstr. 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
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99
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Chang JYH, Chow LW, Dismuke WM, Ethier CR, Stevens MM, Stamer WD, Overby DR. Peptide-Functionalized Fluorescent Particles for In Situ Detection of Nitric Oxide via Peroxynitrite-Mediated Nitration. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6:1700383. [PMID: 28512791 PMCID: PMC5568941 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in modulating physiological homeostasis across multiple biological systems. NO dysregulation is linked to the pathogenesis of multiple diseases; therefore, its quantification is important for understanding pathophysiological processes. The detection of NO is challenging, typically limited by its reactive nature and short half-life. Additionally, the presence of interfering analytes and accessibility to biological fluids in the native tissues make the measurement technically challenging and often unreliable. Here, a bio-inspired peptide-based NO sensor is developed, which detects NO-derived oxidants, predominately peroxynitrite-mediated nitration of tyrosine residues. It is demonstrated that these peptide-based NO sensors can detect peroxynitrite-mediated nitration in response to physiological shear stress by endothelial cells in vitro. Using the peptide-conjugated fluorescent particle immunoassay, peroxynitrite-mediated nitration activity with a detection limit of ≈100 × 10-9 m is detected. This study envisions that the NO detection platform can be applied to a multitude of applications including monitoring of NO activity in healthy and diseased tissues, localized detection of NO production of specific cells, and cell-based/therapeutic screening of peroxynitrite levels to monitor pronitroxidative stress in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Y. H. Chang
- Department of BioengineeringImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
- Department of OphthalmologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Lesley W. Chow
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - W. Michael Dismuke
- Department of OphthalmologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - C. Ross Ethier
- Department of BioengineeringImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30332USA
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - W. Daniel Stamer
- Department of OphthalmologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Darryl R. Overby
- Department of BioengineeringImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
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100
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Bhattacharya A, Biswas P, Kar P, Roychoudhury P, Basu S, Ganguly S, Ghosh S, Panda K, Pal R, Dasgupta AK. Nitric oxide sensing by chlorophyll a. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 985:101-113. [PMID: 28864180 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a signalling molecule that has direct and indirect regulatory roles in various functional processes in biology, though in plant kingdom its role is relatively unexplored. One reason for this is the fact that sensing of NO is always challenging. There are very few probes that can classify the different NO species. The present paper proposes a simple but straightforward way for sensing different NO species using chlorophyll, the source of inspiration being hemoglobin that serves as NO sink in mammalian systems. The proposed method is able to classify NO from DETA-NONOate or (Z)-1-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl) amino] diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate, nitrite, nitrate and S-nitrosothiol or SNO. This discrimination is carried out by chlorophyll a (chl a) at nano molar (nM) order of sensitivity and at 293 K-310 K. Molecular docking reveals the differential binding effects of NO and SNO with chlorophyll, the predicted binding affinity matching with the experimental observation. Additional experiments with a diverse range of cyanobacteria reveal that apart from the spectroscopic approach the proposed sensing module can be used in microscopic inspection of NO species. Binding of NO is sensitive to temperature and static magnetic field. This provides additional support for the involvement of the porphyrin ring structures to the NO sensing process. This also, broadens the scope of the sensing methods as hinted in the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Pranjal Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Puranjoy Kar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Piya Roychoudhury
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Sankar Basu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Souradipta Ganguly
- Department of Biotechnology and Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Sanjay Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Koustubh Panda
- Department of Biotechnology and Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Ruma Pal
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Anjan Kr Dasgupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India.
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