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Dong M, Zeng J, Yang C, Qiu Y, Wang X. Asiatic Acid Attenuates Osteoporotic Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice Through Inhibiting NF-kappaB/MAPK/ Protein Kinase B Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:829741. [PMID: 35211021 PMCID: PMC8861314 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.829741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a condition associated with osteolytic bone disease that is primarily characterized by inordinate osteoclast activation. Protein kinase B (Akt) pathways activated by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) are essential for osteoclastogenesis. Asiatic acid (AA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid compound extracted from a traditional Chinese herb that exhibits a wide range of biological activities. AA has been found to alleviate the hypertrophic and fibrotic phenotype of chondrocytes via the Akt signaling pathway. In this study, we investigated whether AA alleviated bone loss by inhibiting the Akt signaling pathway during osteoclastogenesis and its effect on osteoblasts. The effect of AA cytotoxicity on mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages/monocytes (BMMs) was evaluated in vitro using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The effects of AA on osteoclast differentiation and function were detected using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and a pit formation assay. A Western blot and qRT-PCR were conducted to evaluate the expression of osteoclast-specific genes and protein signaling molecules. In addition, alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining were performed to assess osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. The bone protective effect of AA was investigated in vivo using ovariectomized mice. we found that AA could dose-dependently inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, the pit formation assay revealed that osteoclast function was suppressed by treatment with AA. Moreover, the expression of osteoclast-specific genes was found to be substantially decreased during osteoclastogenesis. Analysis of the molecular mechanisms showed that AA could inhibit NF-kappaB/MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, as well as the downstream factors of NFATc1 in the osteoclast signaling pathway activated by RANKL. However, AA did not significantly promote osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. The in vivo experiments suggested that AA could alleviate ovariectomy-induced bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Our results demonstrate that AA can inhibit osteoclastogenesis and prevent ovariectomy-induced bone loss by inhibiting the NF-kappaB/MAPK/Akt signaling pathway. The discovery of the new molecular mechanism that AA inhibits osteoclastogenesis provides essential evidence to support the use of AA as a potential drug for the treatment of osteoclast-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Dong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jican Zeng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chenyu Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yisen Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xinjia Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Yoshimatsu M, Kitaura H, Morita Y, Nakamura T, Ukai T. Effects of anti-mouse RANKL antibody on orthodontic tooth movement in mice. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:1087-1095. [PMID: 35784160 PMCID: PMC9236942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Orthodontic tooth movement is achieved by alveolar bone remodeling, and therefore the balance of bone resorption and formation is important. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) plays a crucial role in bone resorption. We previously reported that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is also important in bone resorption during tooth movement. In this study, we focused on bone and root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement in mice using anti-mouse RANKL antibody (anti-mRANKL ab). Materials and methods Anti-mRANKL ab was administered intraperitoneally to mice that subsequently underwent orthodontic tooth movement. After 10 days, tissues around the moved teeth were histologically evaluated. To confirm the effects of anti-mRANKL ab on TNF-α induced bone resorption, TNF-α was administered with and without anti-mRANKL ab into the supracalvaria and the sutures of the calvaria were histologically evaluated. Results Orthodontic tooth movement was suppressed in mice treated with anti-mRANKL ab. Root resorption was observed after orthodontic tooth movement, but not in mice treated with anti-mRANKL ab. In the calvarial experiment, the number of TRAP-positive cells in the calvarial sutures was lower in mice administered TNF-α with anti-mRANKL ab than in mice administered TNF-α alone. Conclusion Our findings suggest that anti-mRANKL ab suppressed orthodontic tooth movement. This needs to be considered when orthodontic tooth movement is required in patients using anti-RANKL antibody.
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Miao KZ, Cozzone A, Caetano-Lopes J, Harris MP, Fisher S. Osteoclast activity sculpts craniofacial form to permit sensorineural patterning in the zebrafish skull. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:969481. [PMID: 36387889 PMCID: PMC9664155 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.969481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to understand the morphogenesis of complex craniofacial structures have largely focused on the role of chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Along with these bone-creating cells, bone-resorbing osteoclasts are critical in homeostasis of adult skeletal structures, but there is currently limited information on their role in the complex morphogenetic events of craniofacial development. Fundamental aspects of skull formation and general skeletal development are conserved from zebrafish to mammals. Using a cathepsinK reporter, we documented osteoclast location in the developing zebrafish skull over several weeks, from 5.18 mm to 9.6 mm standard length (approximately 15 to 34 days post fertilization). While broad distribution of osteoclasts is consistent across individuals, they are sparse and the exact locations vary among fish and across developmental time points. Interestingly, we observed osteoclasts concentrating at areas associated with neuromasts and their associated nerves, in particular the hyomandibular foramina and around the supraorbital lateral line. These are areas of active remodeling. In contrast, other areas of rapid bone growth, such as the osteogenic fronts of the frontal and parietal bones, show no particular concentration of osteoclasts, suggesting that they play a special role in shaping bone near neuromasts and nerves. In csf1ra mutants lacking functional osteoclasts, the morphology of the cranial bone was disrupted in both areas. The hyomandibular foramen is present in the initial cartilage template, but after the initiation of ossification, the diameter of the canal is significantly smaller in the absence of osteoclasts. The diameter of the supraorbital lateral line canals was also reduced in the mutants, as was the number of pores associated with neuromasts, which allow for the passage of associated nerves through the bone. Our findings define important and previously unappreciated roles for osteoclast activity in shaping craniofacial skeletal structures with a particular role in bone modeling around peripheral cranial nerves, providing a scaffold for wiring the sensioneural system during craniofacial development. This has important implications for the formation of the evolutionarily diverse lateral line system, as well understanding the mechanism of neurologic sequelae of congenital osteoclast dysfunction in human craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Z. Miao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Austin Cozzone
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joana Caetano-Lopes
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew P. Harris
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shannon Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Shannon Fisher,
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Das BK, Gogoi J, Kannan A, Gao L, Xing W, Mohan S, Zhao H. The Cytoplasmic Dynein Associated Protein NDE1 Regulates Osteoclastogenesis by Modulating M-CSF and RANKL Signaling Pathways. Cells 2021; 11:13. [PMID: 35011575 PMCID: PMC8750859 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoskeleton organization and lysosome secretion play an essential role in osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. The cytoplasmic dynein is a molecular motor complex that regulates microtubule dynamics and transportation of cargos/organelles, including lysosomes along the microtubules. LIS1, NDE1, and NDEL1 belong to an evolutionary conserved pathway that regulates dynein functions. Disruption of the cytoplasmic dynein complex and deletion of LIS1 in osteoclast precursors arrest osteoclastogenesis. Nonetheless, the role of NDE1 and NDEL1 in osteoclast biology remains elusive. In this study, we found that knocking-down Nde1 expression by lentiviral transduction of specific shRNAs markedly inhibited osteoclastogenesis in vitro by attenuating the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells via suppression of signaling pathways downstream of M-CSF and RANKL as well as osteoclast differentiation transcription factor NFATc1. To dissect how NDEL1 regulates osteoclasts and bone homeostasis, we generated Ndel1 conditional knockout mice in myeloid osteoclast precursors (Ndel1ΔlysM) by crossing Ndel1-floxed mice with LysM-Cre mice on C57BL/6J background. The Ndel1ΔlysM mice developed normally. The µCT analysis of distal femurs and in vitro osteoclast differentiation and functional assays in cultures unveiled the similar bone mass in both trabecular and cortical bone compartments as well as intact osteoclastogenesis, cytoskeleton organization, and bone resorption in Ndel1ΔlysM mice and cultures. Therefore, our results reveal a novel role of NDE1 in regulation of osteoclastogenesis and demonstrate that NDEL1 is dispensable for osteoclast differentiation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaba K. Das
- Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA; (J.G.); (A.K.); (L.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jyoti Gogoi
- Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA; (J.G.); (A.K.); (L.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Aarthi Kannan
- Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA; (J.G.); (A.K.); (L.G.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Ling Gao
- Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA; (J.G.); (A.K.); (L.G.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Weirong Xing
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA; (W.X.); (S.M.)
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA; (W.X.); (S.M.)
| | - Haibo Zhao
- Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach VA Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA; (J.G.); (A.K.); (L.G.); (H.Z.)
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Toor SM, Wani S, Albagha OME. Comprehensive Transcriptomic Profiling of Murine Osteoclast Differentiation Reveals Novel Differentially Expressed Genes and LncRNAs. Front Genet 2021; 12:781272. [PMID: 34868271 PMCID: PMC8634834 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.781272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are the sole bone resorbing cells, which undertake opposing roles to osteoblasts to affect skeletal mass and structure. However, unraveling the comprehensive molecular mechanisms behind osteoclast differentiation is necessitated to overcome limitations and scarcity of available data, particularly in relation with the emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in gene expression. In this study, we performed comprehensive and progressive analyses of the dynamic transcriptomes of murine osteoclasts, generated in vitro. We compared the total RNA-based transcriptomes of murine bone marrow derived cells with differentiated osteoclasts, while focusing on potentially novel genes and LncRNAs, to uncover critical genes and their associated pathways, which are differentially regulated during osteoclast differentiation. We found 4,214 differentially regulated genes during osteoclast differentiation, which included various types of LncRNAs. Among the upregulated protein coding genes not previously associated with osteoclast are Pheta1, Hagh, Gfpt1 and Nol4, while downregulated genes included Plau, Ltf, Sell and Zfp831. Notably, we report Nol4 as a novel gene related to osteoclast activity since Nol4 knockout mice Nol4em1(International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium)J exhibit increased bone mineral density. Moreover, the differentially expressed LncRNAs included antisense and long intergenic non-coding RNAs, among others. Overall, immune-related and metabolism-related genes were downregulated, while anatomical morphogenesis and remodeling-related genes were upregulated in early-differentiated osteoclasts with sustained downregulation of immune-related genes in mature osteoclasts. The gene signatures and the comprehensive transcriptome of osteoclast differentiation provided herein can serve as an invaluable resource for deciphering gene dysregulation in osteoclast-related pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman M Toor
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sachin Wani
- Rheumatology and Bone Disease Unit, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Omar M E Albagha
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.,Rheumatology and Bone Disease Unit, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Jin M, Nie J, Zhu J, Li J, Fang T, Xu J, Jiang X, Chen Z, Li J, Wu F. Acacetin inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and LPS-induced bone loss by modulating NFATc1 transcription. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 583:146-153. [PMID: 34763194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Osteolytic disorders are characterized by impaired bone volume and trabecular structure that leads to severe fragility fractures. Studies have shown that excessive osteoclast activity causes impaired bone microstructure, a sign of osteolytic diseases such as osteoporosis. Approaches of inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption specifically could prevent osteoporosis and other osteolytic disorders. Acacetin is a potent molecule extracted from plants with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. Here, we demonstrated, for the first time, that acacetin repressed osteoclastogenesis, formation of F-actin rings, bone resorption activity, and osteoclast-related gene expression in vitro through modulating ERK, P38, and NF-κB signaling pathways and preventing expression of NFATc1. Micro-CT and H & E staining results indicated that acacetin alleviated LPS-induced osteolysis in vivo. Overall, our findings suggested that acacetin could help to prevent osteoporosis and other osteoclast-related osteolytic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, NO.1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiangbo Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, NO.1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Juli Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO.315, South Street, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Physiology, Huzhou University, NO.759, Second Ring East Road, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianshun Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, NO.1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juntao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO.315, South Street, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuesheng Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, NO.1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, NO.1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianyou Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, NO.1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fengfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, NO.1558, Third Ring North Road, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
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Augmenting MNK1/2 activation by c-FMS proteolysis promotes osteoclastogenesis and arthritic bone erosion. Bone Res 2021; 9:45. [PMID: 34671034 PMCID: PMC8528869 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells that play an essential role in homeostatic bone remodeling and pathological bone erosion. Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) is abundant in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the role of M-CSF in arthritic bone erosion is not completely understood. Here, we show that M-CSF can promote osteoclastogenesis by triggering the proteolysis of c-FMS, a receptor for M-CSF, leading to the generation of FMS intracellular domain (FICD) fragments. Increased levels of FICD fragments positively regulated osteoclastogenesis but had no effect on inflammatory responses. Moreover, myeloid cell-specific FICD expression in mice resulted in significantly increased osteoclast-mediated bone resorption in an inflammatory arthritis model. The FICD formed a complex with DAP5, and the FICD/DAP5 axis promoted osteoclast differentiation by activating the MNK1/2/EIF4E pathway and enhancing NFATc1 protein expression. Moreover, targeting the MNK1/2 pathway diminished arthritic bone erosion. These results identified a novel role of c-FMS proteolysis in osteoclastogenesis and the pathogenesis of arthritic bone erosion.
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58
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Yang C, Croteau S, Hardy P. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) 9: versatile biological functions and emerging roles in human cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:997-1017. [PMID: 34318404 PMCID: PMC8516780 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00626-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HDAC9 (histone deacetylase 9) belongs to the class IIa family of histone deacetylases. This enzyme can shuttle freely between the nucleus and cytoplasm and promotes tissue-specific transcriptional regulation by interacting with histone and non-histone substrates. HDAC9 plays an essential role in diverse physiological processes including cardiac muscle development, bone formation, adipocyte differentiation and innate immunity. HDAC9 inhibition or activation is therefore a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention in several diseases. HDAC9 overexpression is also common in cancer cells, where HDAC9 alters the expression and activity of numerous relevant proteins involved in carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes the most recent discoveries regarding HDAC9 as a crucial regulator of specific physiological systems and, more importantly, highlights the diverse spectrum of HDAC9-mediated posttranslational modifications and their contributions to cancer pathogenesis. HDAC9 is a potential novel therapeutic target, and the restoration of aberrant expression patterns observed among HDAC9 target genes and their related signaling pathways may provide opportunities to the design of novel anticancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Room 2.17.004, Montréal, Québec H3T 1C5 Canada
| | - Stéphane Croteau
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, 3175 Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Room 2.17.004, Montréal, Québec H3T 1C5 Canada
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
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Wu D, Cline-Smith A, Shashkova E, Perla A, Katyal A, Aurora R. T-Cell Mediated Inflammation in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:687551. [PMID: 34276675 PMCID: PMC8278518 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.687551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease that affects half the women in the sixth and seventh decade of life. Osteoporosis is characterized by uncoupled bone resorption that leads to low bone mass, compromised microarchitecture and structural deterioration that increases the likelihood of fracture with minimal trauma, known as fragility fractures. Several factors contribute to osteoporosis in men and women. In women, menopause - the cessation of ovarian function, is one of the leading causes of primary osteoporosis. Over the past three decades there has been growing appreciation that the adaptive immune system plays a fundamental role in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis, both in humans and in mouse models. In this review, we highlight recent data on the interactions between T cells and the skeletal system in the context of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Finally, we review recent studies on the interventions to ameliorate osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rajeev Aurora
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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60
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Cao JJ, Gregoire BR, Michelsen KG, Shi X. Deficiency of PPARγ in Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Does not Prevent High-Fat Diet-Induced Bone Deterioration in Mice. J Nutr 2021; 151:2697-2704. [PMID: 34113980 PMCID: PMC8417918 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow osteoblasts and adipocytes are derived from a common mesenchymal stem cell and have a reciprocal relationship. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a regulator for adipocyte differentiation, may be a potential target for reducing obesity and increasing bone mass. OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that bone-specific Pparg conditional knockout (cKO), via deletion of Pparg from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) using Osterix 1 (Osx1)-Cre, would prevent high-fat (HF) diet-induced bone deterioration in mice. METHODS PPARγ cKO (PPARγfl/fl: Osx1-Cre) and floxed littermate control (PPARγfl/fl Osx1-Cre- ) mice that were 6 weeks old were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 12/group, 6 male and 6 female) and fed ad libitum with either a normal-fat (NF) purified diet (3.85 kcal/g; 10% energy as fat) or an HF diet (4.73 kcal/g; 45% energy as fat) for 6 mo. Bone structure, body composition, and serum bone-related cytokines were measured. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc comparison. RESULTS The HF diet decreased the tibial and lumbar vertebrae trabecular bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) by 28% and 18%, respectively, compared to the NF diet (P < 0.01). PPARγ cKO mice had 23% lower body fat mass and 9% lower lean mass than control mice. PPARγ cKO mice had 41% greater tibial trabecular BV/TV compared to control mice. None of trabecular bone parameters at the second lumbar vertebra were affected by genotype. PPARγ cKO mice had decreased cortical thickness compared to control mice. PPARγ cKO mice had a 14% lower (P < 0.01) serum concentration of leptin and a 35% higher (P < 0.05) concentration of osteocalcin compared with control mice. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that PPARγ has site-specific impacts on bone structures in mice and that knockout PPARγ in BMSC increased bone mass (BV/TV) in the tibia but not the lumbar vertebrae. PPARγ disruption in BMSC did not prevent HF diet-induced bone deterioration in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay J Cao
- Address correspondence to JJC (e-mail: )
| | - Brian R Gregoire
- Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Kim G Michelsen
- Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Xingming Shi
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Cohen-Karlik E, Awida Z, Bergman A, Eshed S, Nestor O, Kadashev M, Yosef SB, Saed H, Mansour Y, Globerson A, Neumann D, Gabet Y. Quantification of Osteoclasts in Culture, Powered by Machine Learning. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:674710. [PMID: 34113621 PMCID: PMC8186397 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.674710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro osteoclastogenesis is a central assay in bone biology to study the effect of genetic and pharmacologic cues on the differentiation of bone resorbing osteoclasts. To date, identification of TRAP+ multinucleated cells and measurements of osteoclast number and surface rely on a manual tracing requiring specially trained lab personnel. This task is tedious, time-consuming, and prone to operator bias. Here, we propose to replace this laborious manual task with a completely automatic process using algorithms developed for computer vision. To this end, we manually annotated full cultures by contouring each cell, and trained a machine learning algorithm to detect and classify cells into preosteoclast (TRAP+ cells with 1-2 nuclei), osteoclast type I (cells with more than 3 nuclei and less than 15 nuclei), and osteoclast type II (cells with more than 15 nuclei). The training usually requires thousands of annotated samples and we developed an approach to minimize this requirement. Our novel strategy was to train the algorithm by working at "patch-level" instead of on the full culture, thus amplifying by >20-fold the number of patches to train on. To assess the accuracy of our algorithm, we asked whether our model measures osteoclast number and area at least as well as any two trained human annotators. The results indicated that for osteoclast type I cells, our new model achieves a Pearson correlation (r) of 0.916 to 0.951 with human annotators in the estimation of osteoclast number, and 0.773 to 0.879 for estimating the osteoclast area. Because the correlation between 3 different trained annotators ranged between 0.948 and 0.958 for the cell count and between 0.915 and 0.936 for the area, we can conclude that our trained model is in good agreement with trained lab personnel, with a correlation that is similar to inter-annotator correlation. Automation of osteoclast culture quantification is a useful labor-saving and unbiased technique, and we suggest that a similar machine-learning approach may prove beneficial for other morphometrical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edo Cohen-Karlik
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zamzam Awida
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ayelet Bergman
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Eshed
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Omer Nestor
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michelle Kadashev
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sapir Ben Yosef
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hussam Saed
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yishay Mansour
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Globerson
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Drorit Neumann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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62
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Elson A, Stein M, Rabie G, Barnea-Zohar M, Winograd-Katz S, Reuven N, Shalev M, Sekeres J, Kanaan M, Tuckermann J, Geiger B. Sorting Nexin 10 as a Key Regulator of Membrane Trafficking in Bone-Resorbing Osteoclasts: Lessons Learned From Osteopetrosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671210. [PMID: 34095139 PMCID: PMC8173195 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is a complex, multi-step process, which is based primarily on a tightly orchestrated interplay between bone formation and bone resorption that is executed by osteoblasts and osteoclasts (OCLs), respectively. The essential physiological balance between these cells is maintained and controlled at multiple levels, ranging from regulated gene expression to endocrine signals, yet the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. One approach for deciphering the mechanisms that regulate bone homeostasis is the characterization of relevant pathological states in which this balance is disturbed. In this article we describe one such “error of nature,” namely the development of acute recessive osteopetrosis (ARO) in humans that is caused by mutations in sorting nexin 10 (SNX10) that affect OCL functioning. We hypothesize here that, by virtue of its specific roles in vesicular trafficking, SNX10 serves as a key selective regulator of the composition of diverse membrane compartments in OCLs, thereby affecting critical processes in the sequence of events that link the plasma membrane with formation of the ruffled border and with extracellular acidification. As a result, SNX10 determines multiple features of these cells either directly or, as in regulation of cell-cell fusion, indirectly. This hypothesis is further supported by the similarities between the cellular defects observed in OCLs form various models of ARO, induced by mutations in SNX10 and in other genes, which suggest that mutations in the known ARO-associated genes act by disrupting the same plasma membrane-to-ruffled border axis, albeit to different degrees. In this article, we describe the population genetics and spread of the original arginine-to-glutamine mutation at position 51 (R51Q) in SNX10 in the Palestinian community. We further review recent studies, conducted in animal and cellular model systems, that highlight the essential roles of SNX10 in critical membrane functions in OCLs, and discuss possible future research directions that are needed for challenging or substantiating our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Elson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Merle Stein
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Grace Rabie
- Hereditary Research Laboratory and Department of Life Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Maayan Barnea-Zohar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Nina Reuven
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Moran Shalev
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Juraj Sekeres
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Moien Kanaan
- Hereditary Research Laboratory and Department of Life Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin Geiger
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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63
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Polavaram NS, Dutta S, Islam R, Bag AK, Roy S, Poitz D, Karnes J, Hofbauer LC, Kohli M, Costello BA, Jimenez R, Batra SK, Teply BA, Muders MH, Datta K. Tumor- and osteoclast-derived NRP2 in prostate cancer bone metastases. Bone Res 2021; 9:24. [PMID: 33990538 PMCID: PMC8121836 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the role of neuropilin 2 (NRP2) in prostate cancer cells as well as in the bone microenvironment is pivotal in the development of an effective targeted therapy for the treatment of prostate cancer bone metastasis. We observed a significant upregulation of NRP2 in prostate cancer cells metastasized to bone. Here, we report that targeting NRP2 in cancer cells can enhance taxane-based chemotherapy with a better therapeutic outcome in bone metastasis, implicating NRP2 as a promising therapeutic target. Since, osteoclasts present in the tumor microenvironment express NRP2, we have investigated the potential effect of targeting NRP2 in osteoclasts. Our results revealed NRP2 negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function in the presence of prostate cancer cells that promotes mixed bone lesions. Our study further delineated the molecular mechanisms by which NRP2 regulates osteoclast function. Interestingly, depletion of NRP2 in osteoclasts in vivo showed a decrease in the overall prostate tumor burden in the bone. These results therefore indicate that targeting NRP2 in prostate cancer cells as well as in the osteoclastic compartment can be beneficial in the treatment of prostate cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navatha Shree Polavaram
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ridwan Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Arup K Bag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sohini Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - David Poitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Center for Healthy Aging and Bone Lab Dresden, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manish Kohli
- School of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Raffael Jimenez
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Benjamin A Teply
- Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology & Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael H Muders
- Rudolf- Becker Laboratory for Prostate Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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64
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Barnea-Zohar M, Winograd-Katz SE, Shalev M, Arman E, Reuven N, Roth L, Golani O, Stein M, Thalji F, Kanaan M, Tuckermann J, Geiger B, Elson A. An SNX10-dependent mechanism downregulates fusion between mature osteoclasts. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:261809. [PMID: 33975343 PMCID: PMC8182410 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Homozygosity for the R51Q mutation in sorting nexin 10 (SNX10) inactivates osteoclasts (OCLs) and induces autosomal recessive osteopetrosis in humans and in mice. We show here that the fusion of wild-type murine monocytes to form OCLs is highly regulated, and that its extent is limited by blocking fusion between mature OCLs. In contrast, monocytes from homozygous R51Q SNX10 mice fuse uncontrollably, forming giant dysfunctional OCLs that can become 10- to 100-fold larger than their wild-type counterparts. Furthermore, mutant OCLs display reduced endocytotic activity, suggesting that their deregulated fusion is due to alterations in membrane homeostasis caused by loss of SNX10 function. This is supported by the finding that the R51Q SNX10 protein is unstable and exhibits altered lipid-binding properties, and is consistent with a key role for SNX10 in vesicular trafficking. We propose that OCL size and functionality are regulated by a cell-autonomous SNX10-dependent mechanism that downregulates fusion between mature OCLs. The R51Q mutation abolishes this regulatory activity, leading to excessive fusion, loss of bone resorption capacity and, consequently, to an osteopetrotic phenotype in vivo. This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper. Summary: Fusion of monocytes to become bone-resorbing osteoclasts is limited by an SNX10-dependent cell-autonomous mechanism. Loss of SNX10 function deregulates fusion and generates giant inactive osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Barnea-Zohar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Moran Shalev
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Esther Arman
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Nina Reuven
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Lee Roth
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ofra Golani
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Merle Stein
- Department of Biology, Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Fadi Thalji
- Department of Orthopedics, Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Moien Kanaan
- Hereditary Research Laboratory and Department of Life Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem 0045866, Palestine
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Department of Biology, Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin Geiger
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ari Elson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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65
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Deng L, Chen Y, Guo J, Han X, Guo Y. Roles and mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in orthodontic tooth movement. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7792-7800. [PMID: 33843049 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are transcriptional coactivators encoded by paratactic homologous genes, shuttle-crossing between cytoplasm and nucleus to regulate the gene expression and cell behavior and standing at the center place of the sophisticated regulatory networking of mechanotransduction. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a process in which extracellular mechanical stimuli are transformed into intracellular biochemical signals to regulate cellular responses and tissue remodeling. Literature studies have confirmed that YAP/TAZ plays an important role not only in embryonic development, homeostasis and tumorigenesis, but also in mechanical-biochemical signal transduction of periodontal tissues under the mediation of various signal molecules in its upstream and downstream. Herein, we review the advances in the roles and mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in OTM to provide insights for better understanding and further study of the OTM and possible targeted clinical intervention in orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiusi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianglong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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66
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Veis DJ, Cassat JE. Infectious Osteomyelitis: Marrying Bone Biology and Microbiology to Shed New Light on a Persistent Clinical Challenge. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:636-643. [PMID: 33740314 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Infections of bone occur in a variety of clinical settings, ranging from spontaneous isolated infections arising from presumed hematogenous spread to those associated with skin and soft tissue wounds or medical implants. The majority are caused by the ubiquitous bacterium Staphyloccocus (S.) aureus, which can exist as a commensal organism on human skin as well as an invasive pathogen, but a multitude of other microbes are also capable of establishing bone infections. While studies of clinical isolates and small animal models have advanced our understanding of the role of various pathogen and host factors in infectious osteomyelitis (iOM), many questions remain unaddressed. Thus, there are many opportunities to elucidate host-pathogen interactions that may be leveraged toward treatment or prevention of this troublesome problem. Herein, we combine perspectives from bone biology and microbiology and suggest that interdisciplinary approaches will bring new insights to the field. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah J Veis
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - James E Cassat
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,, TN, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation (VI4), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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67
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Liu H, Zhou C, Qi D, Gao Y, Zhu M, Tao T, Sun X, Xiao J. Inhibiting Monoacylglycerol Lipase Suppresses RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis and Alleviates Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640867. [PMID: 33777947 PMCID: PMC7994615 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common chronic metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced trabecular bone and increased bone fragility. Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is a lipolytic enzyme to catalyze the hydrolysis of monoglycerides and specifically degrades the 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG). Previous studies have identified that 2-AG is the mainly source for arachidonic acid and the most abundant endogenous agonist of cannabinoid receptors. Considering the close relationship between inflammatory mediators/cannabinoid receptors and bone metabolism, we speculated that MAGL may play a role in the osteoclast differentiation. In the present study, we found that MAGL protein expression increased during osteoclast differentiation. MAGL knockdown by adenovirus-mediated shRNA in bone marrow-derived macrophages demonstrated the suppressive effects of MAGL on osteoclast formation and bone resorption. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of MAGL by JZL184 suppressed osteoclast differentiation, bone resorption, and osteoclast-specific gene expression. Activation of the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways was inhibited by JZL184 and deletion of MAGL. Our in vivo study indicated that JZL184 ameliorated bone loss in an ovariectomized mouse model. Furthermore, overexpressing H1 calponin partially alleviated the inhibition caused by JZL184 or MAGL deletion on osteoclastogenesis. Therefore, we conclude that targeting MAGL may be a novel therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuankun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dahu Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yutong Gao
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meipeng Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tenghui Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuying Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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68
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McDonald MM, Khoo WH, Ng PY, Xiao Y, Zamerli J, Thatcher P, Kyaw W, Pathmanandavel K, Grootveld AK, Moran I, Butt D, Nguyen A, Corr A, Warren S, Biro M, Butterfield NC, Guilfoyle SE, Komla-Ebri D, Dack MRG, Dewhurst HF, Logan JG, Li Y, Mohanty ST, Byrne N, Terry RL, Simic MK, Chai R, Quinn JMW, Youlten SE, Pettitt JA, Abi-Hanna D, Jain R, Weninger W, Lundberg M, Sun S, Ebetino FH, Timpson P, Lee WM, Baldock PA, Rogers MJ, Brink R, Williams GR, Bassett JHD, Kemp JP, Pavlos NJ, Croucher PI, Phan TG. Osteoclasts recycle via osteomorphs during RANKL-stimulated bone resorption. Cell 2021; 184:1330-1347.e13. [PMID: 33636130 PMCID: PMC7938889 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are large multinucleated bone-resorbing cells formed by the fusion of monocyte/macrophage-derived precursors that are thought to undergo apoptosis once resorption is complete. Here, by intravital imaging, we reveal that RANKL-stimulated osteoclasts have an alternative cell fate in which they fission into daughter cells called osteomorphs. Inhibiting RANKL blocked this cellular recycling and resulted in osteomorph accumulation. Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that osteomorphs are transcriptionally distinct from osteoclasts and macrophages and express a number of non-canonical osteoclast genes that are associated with structural and functional bone phenotypes when deleted in mice. Furthermore, genetic variation in human orthologs of osteomorph genes causes monogenic skeletal disorders and associates with bone mineral density, a polygenetic skeletal trait. Thus, osteoclasts recycle via osteomorphs, a cell type involved in the regulation of bone resorption that may be targeted for the treatment of skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M McDonald
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Weng Hua Khoo
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pei Ying Ng
- Bone Biology & Disease Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ya Xiao
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jad Zamerli
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Thatcher
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wunna Kyaw
- Immunology Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Abigail K Grootveld
- Immunology Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Imogen Moran
- Immunology Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Danyal Butt
- Immunology Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Akira Nguyen
- Immunology Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander Corr
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean Warren
- Cancer, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maté Biro
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science Node, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalie C Butterfield
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Siobhan E Guilfoyle
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Davide Komla-Ebri
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael R G Dack
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hannah F Dewhurst
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - John G Logan
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yongxiao Li
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Sindhu T Mohanty
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Niall Byrne
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachael L Terry
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marija K Simic
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan Chai
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julian M W Quinn
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott E Youlten
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica A Pettitt
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Abi-Hanna
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rohit Jain
- Immune Imaging Program, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Immune Imaging Program, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mischa Lundberg
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia; Transformational Bioinformatics, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Paul Timpson
- Cancer, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Woei Ming Lee
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Paul A Baldock
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael J Rogers
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia; Immunology Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Graham R Williams
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J H Duncan Bassett
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - John P Kemp
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nathan J Pavlos
- Bone Biology & Disease Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Peter I Croucher
- Healthy Ageing Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Tri Giang Phan
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia; Immunology Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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69
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Kalkitoxin Reduces Osteoclast Formation and Resorption and Protects against Inflammatory Bone Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052303. [PMID: 33669069 PMCID: PMC7956546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts, bone-specified multinucleated cells produced by monocyte/macrophage, are involved in numerous bone destructive diseases such as arthritis, osteoporosis, and inflammation-induced bone loss. The osteoclast differentiation mechanism suggests a possible strategy to treat bone diseases. In this regard, we recently examined the in vivo impact of kalkitoxin (KT), a marine product obtained from the marine cyanobacterium Moorena producens (previously Lyngbya majuscula), on the macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and on the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-stimulated in vitro osteoclastogenesis and inflammation-mediated bone loss. We have now examined the molecular mechanism of KT in greater detail. KT decreased RANKL-induced bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-multinucleated cells at a late stage. Likewise, KT suppressed RANKL-induced pit area and actin ring formation in BMM cells. Additionally, KT inhibited several RANKL-induced genes such as cathepsin K, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), TRAP, and dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP). In line with these results, RANKL stimulated both genes and protein expression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1), and this was also suppressed by KT. Moreover, KT markedly decreased RANKL-induced p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK pathways at different time points. As a result, KT prevented inflammatory bone loss in mice, such as bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoclast differentiation markers. These experiments demonstrated that KT markedly inhibited osteoclast formation and inflammatory bone loss through NFATc1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Therefore, KT may have potential as a treatment for destructive bone diseases.
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Liu C, Han Y, Zhao X, Li B, Xu L, Li D, Li G. POLR2A blocks osteoclastic bone resorption and protects against osteoporosis by interacting with CREB1. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5134-5146. [PMID: 33595106 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bone-resorbing osteoclasts significantly contribute to osteoporosis, and understanding the mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis is crucial for developing new drugs to treat diseases associated with bone loss. Here, we report that POLR2A is upregulated during osteoclastogenesis. Functional analyses showed that the inhibition of POLR2A decreased osteoclastogenesis, whereas the overexpression of POLR2A had completely opposite effects in vitro. Notably, the osteoclast-specific deletion of POLR2A blocks bone resorption in vivo. Furthermore, POLR2A loss-of-function suppresses estrogen deficiency-induced bone resorption. Mechanistically, POLR2A regulates the assembly of CREB1 on the regulatory elements of its target genes. Collectively, using genetic, pharmacological, and disease mouse models, we have identified a previously undescribed protein that interacts with CREB1 to regulate osteoclastic bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Joint Surgery, No. 1 Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- Department of Joint Surgery, No. 1 Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People's Republic of China.,Department of Joint Surgery, No. 1 Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsong Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, No. 1 Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Regulation of Osteoclast Differentiation and Activity by Lipid Metabolism. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010089. [PMID: 33430327 PMCID: PMC7825801 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue and is constantly being remodeled by bone cells. Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in the activation of these bone cells and skeletal metabolism, which fulfills the energy demand for bone remodeling. Among various metabolic pathways, the importance of lipid metabolism in bone cells has long been appreciated. More recent studies also establish the link between bone loss and lipid-altering conditions—such as atherosclerotic vascular disease, hyperlipidemia, and obesity—and uncover the detrimental effect of fat accumulation on skeletal homeostasis and increased risk of fracture. Targeting lipid metabolism with statin, a lipid-lowering drug, has been shown to improve bone density and quality in metabolic bone diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms of lipid-mediated regulation in osteoclasts are not completely understood. Thus, a better understanding of lipid metabolism in osteoclasts can be used to harness bone cell activity to treat pathological bone disorders. This review summarizes the recent developments of the contribution of lipid metabolism to the function and phenotype of osteoclasts.
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Korkmaz Y, Puladi B, Galler K, Kämmerer PW, Schröder A, Gölz L, Sparwasser T, Bloch W, Friebe A, Deschner J. Inflammation in the Human Periodontium Induces Downregulation of the α 1- and β 1-Subunits of the sGC in Cementoclasts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020539. [PMID: 33430449 PMCID: PMC7827426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) binds to soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), activates it in a reduced oxidized heme iron state, and generates cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP), which results in vasodilatation and inhibition of osteoclast activity. In inflammation, sGC is oxidized and becomes insensitive to NO. NO- and heme-independent activation of sGC requires protein expression of the α1- and β1-subunits. Inflammation of the periodontium induces the resorption of cementum by cementoclasts and the resorption of the alveolar bone by osteoclasts, which can lead to tooth loss. As the presence of sGC in cementoclasts is unknown, we investigated the α1- and β1-subunits of sGC in cementoclasts of healthy and inflamed human periodontium using double immunostaining for CD68 and cathepsin K and compared the findings with those of osteoclasts from the same sections. In comparison to cementoclasts in the healthy periodontium, cementoclasts under inflammatory conditions showed a decreased staining intensity for both α1- and β1-subunits of sGC, indicating reduced protein expression of these subunits. Therefore, pharmacological activation of sGC in inflamed periodontal tissues in an NO- and heme-independent manner could be considered as a new treatment strategy to inhibit cementum resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yüksel Korkmaz
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6131-17-7247
| | - Behrus Puladi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Kerstin Galler
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Peer W. Kämmerer
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Agnes Schröder
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Andreas Friebe
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - James Deschner
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
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Tong X, Chen M, Song R, Zhao H, Bian J, Gu J, Liu Z. Overexpression of c-Fos reverses osteoprotegerin-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis by increasing the Beclin1-induced autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:937-945. [PMID: 33277741 PMCID: PMC7812271 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclastogenesis requires the involvement of transcription factors and degrading enzymes, and is regulated by upstream and downstream signalling. However, c-Fos how regulates osteoclastogenesis through autophagy remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of c-Fos during osteoprotegerin (OPG)-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis. We found that the number of osteoclasts and the expression of c-Fos, MMP-9, CAⅡ, Src and p62 were decreased after treated with OPG, including attenuation the PI3K/Akt and the TAK1/S6 signalling pathways, but the expression of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ were increased. Knockdown of Beclin1 could reverse the expression of c-Fos and MMP-9 by activating the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, but inhibiting the autophagy and the TAK1/S6 signalling pathway. In addition, inhibition of autophagy using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 did not rescues OPG-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis, but caused reduction of the expression of c-Fos and CAⅡ by attenuating the autophagy, as well as the PI3K/Akt and the TAK1/S6 signalling pathways. Furthermore, continuous activation of c-Fos could reverse OPG-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis by activating the autophagy and the PI3K/Akt and the TAK1/S6 signalling pathways. Thus, overexpression of c-Fos could reverse OPG-mediated suppression of osteoclastogenesis via activation of Beclin1-induced autophagy, indicating c-Fos might serve as a new candidate for bone-related basic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishuai Tong
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ZoonosisYangzhouChina
- Center of Excellence for Vector‐Borne DiseasesDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/PathobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
| | - Jianchun Bian
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ZoonosisYangzhouChina
| | - Jianhong Gu
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ZoonosisYangzhouChina
| | - Zongping Liu
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhouChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ZoonosisYangzhouChina
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74
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Xie W, Xiao W, Tang K, Zhang L, Li Y. Yes-Associated Protein 1: Role and Treatment Prospects in Orthopedic Degenerative Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:573455. [PMID: 33178690 PMCID: PMC7593614 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.573455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo/yes-associated protein 1 signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway. This signaling pathway is primarily involved in the regulation of stem cell self-renewal, organ size and tissue regeneration by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It plays an important role in embryonic development and tissue organ formation. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a key transcription factor in the Hippo signaling pathway and is negatively regulated by this pathway. Changes in YAP1 expression levels affect the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors, but the specific mechanism associated with this phenomenon has not been thoroughly studied. Recently, several studies have described the role of YAP1 in osteoarthritis (OA). Indeed, YAP1 is involved in orthopedic degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis (OP) in addition to OA. In this review, we will summarize the significance of YAP1 in orthopedic degenerative diseases and discuss the potential of the targeted modulation of YAP1 for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfeng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Discipline Construction Office, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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PERK controls bone homeostasis through the regulation of osteoclast differentiation and function. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:847. [PMID: 33051453 PMCID: PMC7554039 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells with the ability to degrade bone tissue, and are closely related to abnormal bone metabolic diseases. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle responsible for protein modification, quality control, and transportation. The accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in ER cavity induces ER stress. Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) is an ER stress-sensing protein, which is ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells. Systemic PERK knockout mice show severe bone loss, suggesting that PERK is of great significance for maintaining the normal growth and development of bone tissue, but the role of PERK in osteoclastogenesis is still unclear. In this study, we found that PERK was significantly activated during RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation; knockdown of PERK by siRNA and inhibition of PERK by GSK2606414, respectively, had significant negative regulatory effects on the formation and bone resorption of osteoclasts. PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 down-regulated the mRNA levels and protein expression of osteoclast differentiation marker genes, and inhibited RANKL-induced activation of Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways. Treatment with PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 in ovariectomized mouse model significantly suppressed bone loss and osteoclast formation. Thapsigargin activated ER stress to enhance autophagy, while GSK2606414 had a significant inhibitory effect on autophagy flux and autophagosome formation. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could inhibit the expression of PERK phosphorylation, osteoclast-related proteins and autophagy-related proteins, but the use of PERK activator CCT020312 can reverse inhibition effect of NAC. Our findings demonstrate a key role for PERK in osteoclast differentiation and suggest its therapeutic potential.
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Gresky J, Sokiranski R, Witzmann F, Petiti E. The oldest case of osteopetrosis in a human skeleton: exploring the history of rare diseases. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020; 8:806-808. [PMID: 32946815 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gresky
- Department of Natural Sciences, Human Bioarchaeology, German Archaeological Institute, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | | | - Florian Witzmann
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emmanuele Petiti
- Department of Natural Sciences, Human Bioarchaeology, German Archaeological Institute, Berlin 14195, Germany
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Park PSU, Mun SH, Zeng SL, Kim H, Bae S, Park-Min KH. NRF2 Is an Upstream Regulator of MYC-Mediated Osteoclastogenesis and Pathological Bone Erosion. Cells 2020; 9:E2133. [PMID: 32967239 PMCID: PMC7564846 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are the sole bone-resorbing cells that play an essential role in homeostatic bone remodeling and pathogenic bone destruction such as inflammatory arthritis. Pharmacologically targeting osteoclasts has been a promising approach to alleviating bone disease, but there remains room for improvement in mitigating drug side effects and enhancing cell specificity. Recently, we demonstrated the crucial role of MYC and its downstream effectors in driving osteoclast differentiation. Despite these advances, upstream regulators of MYC have not been well defined. In this study, we identify nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor known to regulate the expression of phase II antioxidant enzymes, as a novel upstream regulator of MYC. NRF2 negatively regulates receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis through the ERK and p38 signaling-mediated suppression of MYC transcription. Furthermore, the ablation of MYC in osteoclasts reverses the enhanced osteoclast differentiation and activity in NRF2 deficiency in vivo and in vitro in addition to protecting NRF2-deficient mice from pathological bone loss in a murine model of inflammatory arthritis. Our findings indicate that this novel NRF2-MYC axis could be instrumental for the fine-tuning of osteoclast formation and provides additional ways in which osteoclasts could be therapeutically targeted to prevent pathological bone erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sang Uk Park
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
| | - Se Hwan Mun
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
| | - Steven L. Zeng
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
| | - Haemin Kim
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Seyeon Bae
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Kyung-Hyun Park-Min
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; (P.S.U.P.); (S.H.M.); (S.L.Z.); (H.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
- BCMB Allied Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA
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The M-CSF receptor in osteoclasts and beyond. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1239-1254. [PMID: 32801364 PMCID: PMC8080670 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R, also known as c-FMS) is a receptor tyrosine kinase. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and IL-34 are ligands of CSF1R. CSF1R-mediated signaling is crucial for the survival, function, proliferation, and differentiation of myeloid lineage cells, including osteoclasts, monocytes/macrophages, microglia, Langerhans cells in the skin, and Paneth cells in the intestine. CSF1R also plays an important role in oocytes and trophoblastic cells in the female reproductive tract and in the maintenance and maturation of neural progenitor cells. Given that CSF1R is expressed in a wide range of myeloid cells, altered CSF1R signaling is implicated in inflammatory, neoplastic, and neurodegenerative diseases. Inhibiting CSF1R signaling through an inhibitory anti-CSF1R antibody or small molecule inhibitors that target the kinase activity of CSF1R has thus been a promising therapeutic strategy for those diseases. In this review, we cover the recent progress in our understanding of the various roles of CSF1R in osteoclasts and other myeloid cells, highlighting the therapeutic applications of CSF1R inhibitors in disease conditions. Drugs directed at a key signaling receptor involved in breaking down bone tissue could help treat diseases marked by pathological bone loss and destruction. In a review article, Kyung-Hyun Park-Min and colleagues from the Hospital for Special Surgery in New York, USA, discuss the essential roles played by the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) protein in the survival, function, proliferation and differentiation of myeloid lineage stem cells in the bone marrow, including bone-resorbing osteoclasts. They explore the links between the CSF1R-mediated signaling pathway and diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The authors largely focus on bone conditions, highlighting mouse studies in which CSF1R-blocking drugs were shown to ameliorate bone loss and inflammatory symptoms in models of arthritis, osteoporosis and metastatic cancer. Clinical trials are ongoing to test therapeutic applications.
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Kim EN, Kwon J, Lee HS, Lee S, Lee D, Jeong GS. Inhibitory Effect of Cudratrixanthone U on RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Function in Macrophages and BMM Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1048. [PMID: 32848726 PMCID: PMC7419678 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cudratrixanthone U (CTU) is a prenylated xanthone compound isolated from Maclura tricuspidata Bureau (Moraceae). Prenylated xanthones have been reported to exhibit a variety of biological activities. However, the effects of prenylated xanthone on osteoclast differentiation and function are still unclear. Excessive bone resorption by osteoclasts is considered a major cause of diseases such as osteoporosis. Accordingly, suppression of excessive osteoclast formation and function is one of strategies for treating osteoclast related bone diseases. In this study, CTU inhibited osteoclast differentiation and function in RAW264.7 macrophages and BMM cells induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). CTU regulated the formation of TRAF6-TAK1 complex in RANKL-induced RAW264.7 macrophages and BMM cells. Osteoclast-specific genes including those encoding matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), dendritic cell-specific transmembrane proteins (DC-STAMP), cathepsin K (CTSK) and chemokine CC motif ligand 4 (CCL4) play an important role in bone resorption and migration, and were effectively regulated by CTU. These results suggest that CTU is a potential therapeutic agent in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Nam Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Kwon
- Natural Constituents Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Su Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sooyeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
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80
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Stein M, Barnea-Zohar M, Shalev M, Arman E, Brenner O, Winograd-Katz S, Gerstung J, Thalji F, Kanaan M, Elinav H, Stepensky P, Geiger B, Tuckermann J, Elson A. Massive osteopetrosis caused by non-functional osteoclasts in R51Q SNX10 mutant mice. Bone 2020; 136:115360. [PMID: 32278070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The R51Q mutation in sorting nexin 10 (SNX10) was shown to cause a lethal genetic disease in humans, namely autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO). We describe here the first R51Q SNX10 knock-in mouse model and show that mice homozygous for this mutation exhibit massive, early-onset, and widespread osteopetrosis. The mutant mice exhibit multiple additional characteristics of the corresponding human disease, including stunted growth, failure to thrive, missing or impacted teeth, occasional osteomyelitis, and a significantly-reduced lifespan. Osteopetrosis in this model is the result of osteoclast inactivity that, in turn, is caused by absence of ruffled borders in the mutant osteoclasts and by their inability to secrete protons. These results confirm that the R51Q mutation in SNX10 is a causative factor in ARO and provide a model system for studying this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merle Stein
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Maayan Barnea-Zohar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Moran Shalev
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Esther Arman
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ori Brenner
- Department of Veterinary Resources, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sabina Winograd-Katz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jennifer Gerstung
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Fadi Thalji
- Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Moien Kanaan
- Hereditary Research Laboratory and Department of Life Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Hila Elinav
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Polina Stepensky
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benjamin Geiger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Ari Elson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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81
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Győri DS, Mócsai A. Osteoclast Signal Transduction During Bone Metastasis Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:507. [PMID: 32637413 PMCID: PMC7317091 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are myeloid lineage-derived bone-resorbing cells of hematopoietic origin. They differentiate from myeloid precursors through a complex regulation process where the differentiation of preosteoclasts is followed by intercellular fusion to generate large multinucleated cells. Under physiological conditions, osteoclastogenesis is primarily directed by interactions between CSF-1R and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF, CSF-1), receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB (RANK) and RANK ligand (RANKL), as well as adhesion receptors (e.g., integrins) and their ligands. Osteoclasts play a central role in physiological and pathological bone resorption and are also required for excessive bone loss during osteoporosis, inflammatory bone and joint diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis) and cancer cell-induced osteolysis. Due to the major role of osteoclasts in these diseases the better understanding of their intracellular signaling pathways can lead to the identification of potential novel therapeutic targets. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases and lipid kinases play major roles in osteoclasts and small-molecule kinase inhibitors are emerging new therapeutics in diseases with pathological bone loss. During the last few years, we and others have shown that certain lipid (such as phosphoinositide 3-kinases PI3Kβ and PI3Kδ) and tyrosine (Src-family and Syk) kinases play a critical role in osteoclast differentiation and function in humans and mice. Some of these signaling pathways shows similarity to immunoreceptor-like receptor signaling and involves important other enzymes (e.g., PLCγ2) and adapter proteins (such as the ITAM-bearing adapters DAP12 and the Fc-receptor γ-chain). Here, we review recently identified osteoclast signaling pathways and their role in osteoclast differentiation and function as well as pathological bone loss associated with osteolytic tumors of the bone. A better understanding of osteoclast signaling may facilitate the design of novel and more efficient therapies for pathological bone resorption and osteolytic skeletal metastasis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid S. Győri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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82
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Shen C, Chen JH, Oh H, Park JH. SOX2 is a positive regulator of osteoclast differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:147-153. [PMID: 32199613 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the mechanism underlying osteoclast differentiation is important to improve our understanding of the pathophysiologies related to skeletal diseases and osteolytic metastasis in cancer. Sex-determining region Y-box containing gene 2 (SOX2), a stemness marker, is known to affect osteoblast differentiation and cancer metastasis. However, its role in osteoclastogenesis has not been investigated to date. Here, we report that SOX2 protein and mRNA expression was upregulated during osteoclast differentiation. The overexpression or knockdown of SOX2 in osteoclast precursor cells enhanced or suppressed, respectively, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation and migration, and nuclear factor of activated T-cell c1 (NFATc1) and factor-associated suicide ligand (FASL) expression. In addition, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation were regulated by SOX2 expression; both EGFR and ERK inhibitors abrogated the SOX2 overexpression-induced increase in osteoclast differentiation and NFATc1 expression under RANKL stimulation. Overall, these results suggest SOX2 as a positive regulatory factor during osteoclast differentiation partly through the EGFR and ERK signaling pathways, highlighting a new potential target for restoring abnormal osteoclast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hong Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Haram Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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83
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Li Y, Sun Z, Zhang L, Yan J, Shao C, Jing L, Li L, Wang Z. Role of Macrophages in the Progression and Regression of Vascular Calcification. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:661. [PMID: 32457633 PMCID: PMC7227444 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an abnormal cell-mediated process in which bone-specific hydroxyapatite crystals are actively deposited on the blood vessel wall and is a significant pathological basis for the increased incidence and mortality of adverse cardiovascular events. Macrophages play an important regulatory role in the occurrence, development, and regression of vascular calcification. After the tissue microenvironment changes, macrophages subsequently change their polarity and phenotype or secrete functional substances as an adaptive response. As research on macrophages continue to move into this field, we gain a new understanding of the mechanism of the formation and regression of vascular calcification, which might offer valuable new intervention targets for the prevention and inhibition of vascular calcification. This review summarizes a wealth of research in this field and explores the roles of macrophages in the development process of vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jinchuan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lele Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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84
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Jeong DH, Kwak SC, Lee MS, Yoon KH, Kim JY, Lee CH. Betulinic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Attenuating Akt, NF-κB, and PLCγ2-Ca 2+ Signaling and Prevents Inflammatory Bone Loss. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1174-1182. [PMID: 32237724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increase of bone-resorbing osteoclast activity in bone remodeling is the major characteristic of various bone diseases. Thus, inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone-resorbing function may be an effective therapeutic target for bone diseases. Betulinic acid (BA), a natural plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, is known to possess numerous pharmacological and biochemical properties including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiadipogenic activity. However, the effect of BA on osteoclast differentiation and function in bone metabolism has not been demonstrated so far. In this study, we investigated whether BA could suppress RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Interestingly, BA significantly suppressed osteoclastogenesis by decreasing the phosphorylation of Akt and IκB, as well as PLCγ2-Ca2+ signaling, in pathways involved in early osteoclastogenesis as well as through the subsequent suppression of c-Fos and NFATc1. The inhibition of these pathways by BA was once more confirmed by retrovirus infection of constitutively active (CA)-Akt and CA-Ikkβ retrovirus and measurement of Ca2+ influx. BA also significantly inhibited the expression of osteoclastogenesis-specific marker genes. Moreover, we found that BA administration restored the bone loss induced through acute lipopolysaccharide injection in mice by a micro-CT and histological analysis. Our findings suggest that BA is a potential therapeutic candidate for bone diseases involving osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hye Jeong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Kwak
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeung Su Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Ha Yoon
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University Hospital, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University Hospital, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University Hospital, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
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85
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Polito R, Monda V, Nigro E, Messina A, Di Maio G, Giuliano MT, Orrù S, Imperlini E, Calcagno G, Mosca L, Mollica MP, Trinchese G, Scarinci A, Sessa F, Salerno M, Marsala G, Buono P, Mancini A, Monda M, Daniele A, Messina G. The Important Role of Adiponectin and Orexin-A, Two Key Proteins Improving Healthy Status: Focus on Physical Activity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:356. [PMID: 32390865 PMCID: PMC7188914 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise represents the most important integrative therapy in metabolic, immunologic and chronic diseases; it represents a valid strategy in the non-pharmacological intervention of lifestyle linked diseases. A large body of evidence indicates physical exercise as an effective measure against chronic non-communicable diseases. The worldwide general evidence for health benefits are both for all ages and skill levels. In a dysregulated lifestyle such as in the obesity, there is an imbalance in the production of different cytokines. In particular, we focused on Adiponectin, an adipokine producted by adipose tissue, and on Orexin-A, a neuropeptide synthesized in the lateral hypothalamus. The production of both Adiponectin and Orexin-A increases following regular and structured physical activity and both these hormones have similar actions. Indeed, they improve energy and glucose metabolism, and also modulate energy expenditure and thermogenesis. In addition, a relevant biological role of Adiponectin and Orexin A has been recently highlighted in the immune system, where they function as immune-suppressor factors. The strong connection between these two cytokines and healthy status is mediated by physical activity and candidates these hormones as potential biomarkers of the beneficial effects induced by physical activity. For these reasons, this review aims to underly the interconnections among Adiponectin, Orexin-A, physical activity and healthy status. Furthermore, it is analyzed the involvement of Adiponectin and Orexin-A in physical activity as physiological factors improving healthy status through physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Polito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Fisiologia Umana e Unità di Dietetica e Medicina dello Sport, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Fisiologia Umana e Unità di Dietetica e Medicina dello Sport, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Girolamo Di Maio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Fisiologia Umana e Unità di Dietetica e Medicina dello Sport, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Giuliano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Fisiologia Umana e Unità di Dietetica e Medicina dello Sport, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Orrù
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Naples, Italy.,IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Calcagno
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "Vincenzo Tiberio", Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Laura Mosca
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universitá degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universitá degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Trinchese
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universitá degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Scarinci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione, Psicologia, Comunicazione, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Sessa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Monica Salerno
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marsala
- Struttura Complessa di Farmacia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria - Ospedali Riuniti, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Buono
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Naples, Italy.,IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Mancini
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Fisiologia Umana e Unità di Dietetica e Medicina dello Sport, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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86
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Wang C, Xiao J, Nowak K, Gunasekera K, Alippe Y, Speckman S, Yang T, Kress D, Abu-Amer Y, Hottiger MO, Mbalaviele G. PARP1 Hinders Histone H2B Occupancy at the NFATc1 Promoter to Restrain Osteoclast Differentiation. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:776-788. [PMID: 31793068 PMCID: PMC7465553 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Induction of nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is essential for macrophage differentiation into osteoclasts (OCs), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The ability of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) to poly-ADP-ribosylate NFATc1 in T cells prompted us to investigate the PARP1 and NFATc1 interaction during osteoclastogenesis. However, extensive studies failed to directly link PARP1 to NFATc1. A combination of transcriptomics and proteomics studies was then used to identify PARP1 targets under these conditions. These unbiased approaches in conjunction with site-directed mutagenesis studies revealed that PARP1 inhibited NFATc1 expression and OC formation by ADP-ribosylating histone H2B at serine 7 and decreasing the occupancy of this histone variant at the NFATc1 promoter. The anti-osteoclastogenic function of PARP1 was confirmed in vivo in several mouse models of PARP1 loss-of-function or gain-of-function, including a novel model in which PARP1 was conditionally ablated in myeloid cells. Thus, PARP1 ADP-ribosylates H2B to negatively regulate NFATc1 expression and OC differentiation. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jianqiu Xiao
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kathrin Nowak
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kapila Gunasekera
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yael Alippe
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sheree Speckman
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tong Yang
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dustin Kress
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael O Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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87
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Friend or Foe? Essential Roles of Osteoclast in Maintaining Skeletal Health. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4791786. [PMID: 32190665 PMCID: PMC7073503 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4791786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heightened activity of osteoclast is considered to be the culprit in breaking the balance during bone remodeling in pathological conditions, such as osteoporosis. As a “foe” of skeletal health, many antiosteoporosis therapies aim to inhibit osteoclastogenesis. However, bone remodeling is a dynamic process that requires the subtle coordination of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Severe suppression of osteoclast differentiation will impair bone formation because of the coupling effect. Thus, understanding the complex roles of osteoclast in maintaining proper bone remodeling is highly warranted to develop better management of osteoporosis. This review aimed to determine the varied roles of osteoclasts in maintaining skeletal health and to highlight the positive roles of osteoclasts in maintaining normal bone remodeling. Generally, osteoclasts interact with osteocytes to initiate targeted bone remodeling and have crosstalk with mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts via secreted factors or cell-cell contact to promote bone formation. We believe that a better outcome of bone remodeling disorders will be achieved when proper strategies are made to coordinate osteoclasts and osteoblasts in managing such disorders.
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88
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Inoue K, Hu X, Zhao B. Regulatory network mediated by RBP-J/NFATc1-miR182 controls inflammatory bone resorption. FASEB J 2020; 34:2392-2407. [PMID: 31908034 PMCID: PMC7018544 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902227r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone resorption is a severe consequence of inflammatory diseases associated with osteolysis, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), often leading to disability in patients. In physiological conditions, the differentiation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts is delicately regulated by the balance between osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic mechanisms. Inflammation has complex impact on osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction, and the underlying mechanisms of which, especially feedback inhibition, are underexplored. Here, we identify a novel regulatory network mediated by RBP-J/NFATc1-miR182 in TNF-induced osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory bone resorption. This network includes negative regulator RBP-J and positive regulators, NFATc1 and miR182, of osteoclast differentiation. In this network, miR182 is a direct target of both RBP-J and NFATc1. RBP-J represses, while NFATc1 activates miR182 expression through binding to specific open chromatin regions in the miR182 promoter. Inhibition of miR182 by RBP-J servers as a critical mechanism that limits TNF-induced osteoclast differentiation and inflammatory bone resorption. Inflammation, such as that which occurs in RA, shifts the expression levels of the components in this network mediated by RBP-J/NFATc1-miR182-FoxO3/PKR (previously identified miR182 targets) towards more osteoclastogenic, rather than healthy conditions. Treatment with TNF inhibitors in RA patients reverses the expression changes of the network components and osteoclastogenic potential. Thus, this network controls the balance between activating and repressive signals that determine the extent of osteoclastogenesis. These findings collectively highlight the biological significance and translational implication of this newly identified intrinsic regulatory network in inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Inoue
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
- Graduate Program in Cell and Development Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
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89
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Choi Y, Yoo JH, Lee JH, Lee Y, Bae MK, Kim YD, Kim HJ. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) regulates the fusion of osteoclast precursors by inhibiting Bcl6 in periodontitis. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:647-656. [PMID: 32210715 PMCID: PMC7085216 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.41075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), an extracellular matrix protein with various biological functions, is known to be upregulated in multiple chronic diseases such as liver fibrosis and congestive heart failure, but the mechanism it undertakes to cause alveolar bone loss in periodontitis remains elusive. The present study therefore investigates the pathways involving CTGF in chronic periodontitis. RNA sequencing revealed a notable increase in the expression of CTGF in chronic periodontitis tissues. Also, TRAP staining, TRAP activity and bone resorption assays showed that osteoclast formation and function is significantly facilitated in CTGF-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). Interestingly, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining results displayed that CTGF had little effect on the osteoclastogenic differentiation mediated by the positive regulators of osteoclastogenesis such as nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1). However, following results showed that both the mRNA and protein expressions of B cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6), a transcriptional repressor of "osteoclastic" genes, were significantly downregulated by CTGF treatment. Moreover, CTGF upregulated the expressions of v-ATPase V0 subunit d2 (ATP6v0d2) and Dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) which are osteoclastic genes specifically required for osteoclast cell-cell fusion in pre-osteoclasts. Findings from this study suggest that CTGF promotes the fusion of pre-osteoclasts by downregulating Bcl6 and subsequently increasing the expression of DC-STAMP in periodontitis. Understanding this novel mechanism that leads to increased osteoclastogenesis in periodontitis may be employed for the development of new therapeutic targets for preventing periodontitis-associated alveolar bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- YunJeong Choi
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, Periodontal Diseases Signaling Network Research Center, and Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, 50611
| | - Ji Hyun Yoo
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, Periodontal Diseases Signaling Network Research Center, and Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, 50611
| | - Jae-Hyung Lee
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering, School of Dentistry, Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee Medical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 02447
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea, 41940
| | - Moon-Kyoung Bae
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, Periodontal Diseases Signaling Network Research Center, and Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, 50611
| | - Yong-Deok Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, and Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, 50611
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, Periodontal Diseases Signaling Network Research Center, and Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, 50611
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90
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Zhao B. Intrinsic Restriction of TNF-Mediated Inflammatory Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:583561. [PMID: 33133025 PMCID: PMC7578415 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.583561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF (Tumor necrosis factor) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays an important role in immunity and inflammatory bone destruction. Homeostatic osteoclastogenesis is effectively induced by RANKL (Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand). In contrast, TNF often acts on cell types other than osteoclasts, or synergically with RANKL to indirectly promote osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. TNF and RANKL are members of the TNF superfamily. However, the direct osteoclastogenic capacity of TNF is much weaker than that of RANKL. Recent studies have uncovered key intrinsic mechanisms by which TNF acts on osteoclast precursors to restrain osteoclastogenesis, including the mechanisms mediated by RBP-J signaling, RBP-J and ITAM (Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif) crosstalk, RBP-J mediated regulatory network, NF-κB p100, IRF8, and Def6. Some of these mechanisms, such as RBP-J and its mediated regulatory network, uniquely and predominantly limit osteoclastogenesis mediated by TNF but not by RANKL. As a consequence, targeting RBP-J activities suppresses inflammatory bone destruction but does not significantly impact normal bone remodeling or inflammation. Hence, discovery of these intrinsic inhibitory mechanisms addresses why TNF has a weak osteoclastogenic potential, explains a significant difference between RANKL and TNF signaling, and provides potentially new or complementary therapeutic strategies to selectively treat inflammatory bone resorption, without undesirable effects on normal bone remodeling or immune response in disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Baohong Zhao,
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91
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Xiang J, Rauch DA, Huey DD, Panfil AR, Cheng X, Esser AK, Su X, Harding JC, Xu Y, Fox GC, Fontana F, Kobayashi T, Su J, Sundaramoorthi H, Wong WH, Jia Y, Rosol TJ, Veis DJ, Green PL, Niewiesk S, Ratner L, Weilbaecher KN. HTLV-1 viral oncogene HBZ drives bone destruction in adult T cell leukemia. JCI Insight 2019; 4:128713. [PMID: 31578308 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.128713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteolytic bone lesions and hypercalcemia are common, serious complications in adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), an aggressive T cell malignancy associated with human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. The HTLV-1 viral oncogene HBZ has been implicated in ATL tumorigenesis and bone loss. In this study, we evaluated the role of HBZ on ATL-associated bone destruction using HTLV-1 infection and disease progression mouse models. Humanized mice infected with HTLV-1 developed lymphoproliferative disease and continuous, progressive osteolytic bone lesions. HTLV-1 lacking HBZ displayed only modest delays to lymphoproliferative disease but significantly decreased disease-associated bone loss compared with HTLV-1-infected mice. Gene expression array of acute ATL patient samples demonstrated increased expression of RANKL, a critical regulator of osteoclasts. We found that HBZ regulated RANKL in a c-Fos-dependent manner. Treatment of HTLV-1-infected humanized mice with denosumab, a monoclonal antibody against human RANKL, alleviated bone loss. Using patient-derived xenografts from primary human ATL cells to induce lymphoproliferative disease, we also observed profound tumor-induced bone destruction and increased c-Fos and RANKL gene expression. Together, these data show the critical role of HBZ in driving ATL-associated bone loss through RANKL and identify denosumab as a potential treatment to prevent bone complications in ATL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Xiang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel A Rauch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Devra D Huey
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Amanda R Panfil
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaogang Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alison K Esser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Xinming Su
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John C Harding
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yalin Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gregory C Fox
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Francesca Fontana
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Takayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Junyi Su
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hemalatha Sundaramoorthi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Wing Hing Wong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yizhen Jia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - Deborah J Veis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Patrick L Green
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Stefan Niewiesk
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lee Ratner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Katherine N Weilbaecher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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92
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Li Y, Shi Z, Jules J, Chen S, Kesterson RA, Zhao D, Zhang P, Feng X. Specific RANK Cytoplasmic Motifs Drive Osteoclastogenesis. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:1938-1951. [PMID: 31173390 PMCID: PMC6813862 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Upon receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) binding, RANK promotes osteoclast formation through the recruitment of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factors (TRAFs). In vitro assays identified two RANK intracellular motifs that bind TRAFs: PVQEET560-565 (Motif 2) and PVQEQG604-609 (Motif 3), which potently mediate osteoclast formation in vitro. To validate the in vitro findings, we have generated knock-in (KI) mice harboring inactivating mutations in RANK Motifs 2 and 3. Homozygous KI (RANKKI/KI ) mice are born at the predicted Mendelian frequency and normal in tooth eruption. However, RANKKI/KI mice exhibit significantly more trabecular bone mass than age- and sex-matched heterozygous KI (RANK+/KI ) and wild-type (RANK+/+ ) counterparts. Bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) from RANKKI/KI mice do not form osteoclasts when they are stimulated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and RANKL in vitro. RANKL is able to activate the NF-κB, ERK, p38, and JNK pathways in RANKKI/KI BMMs, but it cannot stimulate c-Fos or NFATc1 in the RANKKI/KI cells. Previously, we showed that RANK signaling plays an important role in Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg)-mediated osteoclast formation by committing BMMs into the osteoclast lineage. Here, we show that RANKL-primed RANKKI/KI BMMs are unable to differentiate into osteoclasts in response to Pg stimulation, indicating that the two RANK motifs are required for Pg-induced osteoclastogenesis. Mechanistically, RANK Motifs 2 and 3 facilitate Pg-induced osteoclastogenesis by stimulating c-Fos and NFATc1 expression during the RANKL pretreatment phase as well as rendering c-Fos and NFATc1 genes responsive to subsequent Pg stimulation. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) conjugated with RANK segments containing Motif 2 or 3 block RANKL- and Pg-mediated osteoclastogenesis. The CPP conjugates abrogate RANKL-stimulated c-Fos and NFATc1 expression but do not affect RANKL-induced activation of NF-κB, ERK, p38, JNK, or Akt signaling pathway. Taken together, our current findings demonstrate that RANK Motifs 2 and 3 play pivotal roles in osteoclast formation in vivo and mediate Pg-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zhenqi Shi
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joel Jules
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shenyuan Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biological Science, Stomatological Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert A Kesterson
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dongfeng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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93
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Xu C, Vitone GJ, Inoue K, Ng C, Zhao B. Identification of a Novel Role for Foxo3 Isoform2 in Osteoclastic Inhibition. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2141-2149. [PMID: 31541023 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Foxo3 acts as an important central regulator that integrates signaling pathways and coordinates cellular responses to environmental changes. Recent studies show the involvement of Foxo3 in osteoclastogenesis and rheumatoid arthritis, which prompted us to further investigate the FOXO3 locus. Several databases document FOXO3 isoform2, an N-terminal truncated mutation of the full-length FOXO3 However, the biological function of FOXO3 isoform2 is unclear. In this study, we established a conditional allele of Foxo3 in mice that deletes the full-length Foxo3 except isoform2, a close ortholog of the human FOXO3 isoform2. Expression of Foxo3 isoform2 specifically in macrophage/osteoclast lineage suppresses osteoclastogenesis and leads to the osteopetrotic phenotype in mice. Mechanistically, Foxo3 isoform2 enhances the expression of type I IFN response genes to RANKL stimulation and thus inhibits osteoclastogenesis via endogenous IFN-β-mediated feedback inhibition. Our findings identify, to our knowledge, the first known biological function of Foxo3 isoform2 that acts as a novel osteoclastic inhibitor in bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021.,David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021
| | - Gregory J Vitone
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021.,David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021
| | - Kazuki Inoue
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021.,David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065; and
| | - Courtney Ng
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021.,David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021
| | - Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021; .,David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065; and.,Graduate Program in Cell and Development Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065
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94
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Abstract
Chronic inflammation is one of the most evident and common pathological conditions leading to deregulated osteoclastogenesis and bone remodeling. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as a pleiotropic cytokine plays a key role, not only in inflammation, but also in bone erosion in diseases associated with bone loss. TNF can stimulate the proliferation of osteoclast precursors and, in most conditions, act together with other cytokines and growth factors such as receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-[kappa]B ligand (RANKL), interleukin-6, and transforming growth factor beta to synergistically promote osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vivo. A longstanding enigma in the field is why TNF alone is not able to induce osteoclast differentiation as effectively as the same superfamily member RANKL, a physiological master osteoclastogenic cytokine. Recent studies have highlighted several lines of evidence showing the intrinsic mechanisms through RBP-J, NF-[kappa]B p100/TNF receptor-associated factor 3, or interferon regulatory factor-8 that restrain TNF-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. These feedback inhibitory mechanisms driven by TNF shed light into the current paradigm of osteoclastogenesis and would provide novel therapeutic implications on controlling inflammatory bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Zhao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 535 E. 70th Street New York, New York 10021
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95
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Kim EN, Kim YG, Lee JH, Min BS, Jeong GS. 6,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavone inhibits osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro and in vivo. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2948-2959. [PMID: 31478281 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The balance between the osteoblasts and the osteoclasts is important for the maintenance of the skeleton of the human body. The osteoclasts absorb bone after differentiated into polymorphonuclear cells by the fusion of monocytes/macrophages. We have found that 6,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavone (THF), a compound from the heartwood of Dalbergia Odorifera inhibits receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, actin ring formation, and bone resorption in RAW 264.7 cells and bone marrow macrophage. THF significantly inhibited the c-Jun-N-terminal kinase signaling pathway without affecting extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and AKT signaling. Moreover, THF inhibited the expression of c-Fos, nuclear factor-activated T cells cytoplasm 1, cathepsin K, and c-src by RANKL. We used a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss model in mice. Consequently, bone volume per tissue volume, trabecular number's reduction was recovered in THF-treated mice, and trabecular separation's augmentation was also attenuated by THF administration. In summary, THF inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by MAPK signaling pathway and inhibits bone resorption by destroying the actin ring in mature osteoclasts. THF also prevented LPS-induced bone loss in a mice model. Thus, THF may be useful in the treatment of bone diseases associated with excessive osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Nam Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Gyeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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96
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Singh AP, Sosa MX, Fang J, Shanmukhappa SK, Hubaud A, Fawcett CH, Molind GJ, Tsai T, Capodieci P, Wetzel K, Sanchez E, Wang G, Coble M, Tang W, Cadena SM, Fishman MC, Glass DJ. αKlotho Regulates Age-Associated Vascular Calcification and Lifespan in Zebrafish. Cell Rep 2019; 28:2767-2776.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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97
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ASXL1 impairs osteoclast formation by epigenetic regulation of NFATc1. Blood Adv 2019; 2:2467-2477. [PMID: 30266822 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018018309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Additional sex comb-like 1 (ASXL1) mutations are commonly associated with myeloid malignancies and are markers of aggressive disease. The fact that ASXL1 is necessary for myeloid differentiation raises the possibility it also regulates osteoclasts. We find deletion of ASXL1 in myeloid cells results in bone loss with increased abundance of osteoclasts. Because ASXL1 is an enhancer of trithorax and polycomb (ETP) protein, we asked if it modulates osteoclast differentiation by maintaining balance between positive and negative epigenetic regulators. In fact, loss of ASXL1 induces concordant loss of inhibitory H3K27me3 with gain of H3K4me3 at key osteoclast differentiation genes, including nuclear factor for activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) and itgb3 In the setting of ASXL1 deficiency, increased NFATc1 binds to the Blimp1 (Prdm1) promoter thereby enhancing expression of this pro-osteoclastogenic gene. The global reduction of K27 trimethylation in ASXL1-deficient osteoclasts is also attended by a 40-fold increase in expression of the histone demethylase Jumonji domain-containing 3 (Jmjd3). Jmjd3 knockdown in ASXL1-deficient osteoclast precursors increases H3K27me3 on the NFATc1 promoter and impairs osteoclast formation. Thus, in addition to promoting myeloid malignancies, ASXL1 controls epigenetic reprogramming of osteoclasts to regulate bone resorption and mass.
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98
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Wang D, Li J, Feng W, Yao J, Ou L, Liao S, Liu Y, Li B, Lin C, Zhao J, Zhao G. Ligustilide suppresses RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via inhibition of RANK expression. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18667-18677. [PMID: 31436338 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dairong Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Department of OrthopedicsGuilin People's Hospital Guilin Guangxi China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineGuangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Wenyu Feng
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineGuangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineGuangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Luanhai Ou
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Department of OrthopedicsGuilin People's Hospital Guilin Guangxi China
| | - Shijie Liao
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineGuangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineGuangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Boxiang Li
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineGuangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Chengsen Lin
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineGuangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineGuangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Department of OrthopedicsGuilin People's Hospital Guilin Guangxi China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineGuangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
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99
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Goel PN, Egol AJ, Moharrer Y, Brandfield-Harvey B, Ahn J, Ashley JW. Notch signaling inhibition protects against LPS mediated osteolysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:538-543. [PMID: 31176486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory responses have profound effects on the differentiation and activity of both the bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Importantly, inflammatory bone diseases characterized by clinical osteolysis promote bone resorption and decrease bone formation by uncoupling the process in favor of excess resorption. Notch signaling regulates osteoclast development and thus its manipulation has the potential to suppress resorptive potential. Here, we have utilized a genetic model of Notch inhibition in osteoclasts by expression of dnMAML to prevent formation of transcriptional complex essential for downstream Notch signaling. Using this model and LPS as a tool for experimental inflammatory osteolysis, we have demonstrated that dnMAML-expressing osteoclasts exhibited significantly lower maturation and resorption/functional potential ex vivo using TRAP staining and calcium phosphate coated surfaces. Moreover, we observed that while LPS stimulated the formation of wildtype osteoclasts pre-treated with RANKL, dnMAML expression produced resistance to osteoclast maturation after LPS stimulation. Genetically, Notch-inhibited animals showed a significantly lower TRAP and CTX-1 levels in serum after LPS treatment compared to the control groups in addition to a marked reduction in osteoclast surfaces in calvaria sections. This report provides evidence for modulation of Notch signaling activity to protect against inflammatory osteolysis. Taken together, the findings of this study will help guide the development of Notch signaling-based therapeutic approaches to prevent bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peeyush N Goel
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander J Egol
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yasaman Moharrer
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Beatrix Brandfield-Harvey
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jaimo Ahn
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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100
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Suh KS, Chon S, Jung WW, Choi EM. Effect of bergenin on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in the presence of methylglyoxal. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104613. [PMID: 31369791 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, is a major precursor in the formation of advanced glycation end products, which are associated with diabetes-related diseases. Bergenin, an active constituent of plants of the genus Bergenia, exhibits multiple biological activities. This study evaluated the effect of bergenin on osteoclast differentiation and determined its mechanism of action. Bergenin reversed MG-inhibited tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and decreased the bone resorption activity of osteoclasts. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that bergenin decreased the expression of ERK1, Akt2, MMP-9, and OSTM1 genes in the presence of MG. Bergenin pretreatment yielded significant increases in intracellular calcium concentration, mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial membrane potential, and glyoxalase I reduced by MG. Additionally, bergenin decreased the formation of mitochondrial superoxide induced by MG. Detoxification of MG by bergenin may be a viable treatment for bone disorders in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Sik Suh
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon-Won Jung
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28503, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Choi
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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