51
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Wei X, Bao Y, Zhan X, Zhang L, Hao G, Zhou J, Chen Q. MiR-200a ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis and functional deterioration in a rat model of peritoneal dialysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:889-896. [PMID: 30888602 PMCID: PMC6499761 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis is recognised as the main cause of the technical failure of peritoneal dialysis (PD), and currently, there are no specific and effective anti-fibrosis therapies. We have found that miR-200a is down-regulated in a rat model of PD-related peritoneal fibrosis (PF) and could inhibit transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in peritoneal mesothelial cells by target ZEB1/2. However, its treatment role in vivo is still largely unclear. In this study, we examined the therapeutic potential for miR-200a on PD-related PF in a rat model of PD induced by daily infusion of 4.25% dextrose-containing dialysate. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control group, PD group, PD + miR-agomir-NC group, and PD + miR-200a-agomir group (n = 5 in each group). MiR-200a agomir was delivered into the peritoneum by intra-peritoneal injection on days 10 and 20 after PD. We found that treatment with miR-200a agomir significantly reduced the collagen volume fraction (CVF) of the peritoneum and prevented peritoneal dysfunction. The up-regulation of the EMT marker (decreased E-cadherin and increased α-smooth muscle actin) and extracellular matrix (fibronectin and collagen I) was significantly ameliorated by miR-200a in the PD + miR-200a-agomir group. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-200a inhibition of PF in vivo was associated with the suppression of ZEB1 and 2, which were proved to be the target of miR-200a in our previous study. In conclusion, results from the present study suggest that treatment with miR-200a may represent a novel and effective therapy for PD-related PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Bao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guojun Hao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, 528400, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinkai Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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52
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Sonoda H, Lee BR, Park KH, Nihalani D, Yoon JH, Ikeda M, Kwon SH. miRNA profiling of urinary exosomes to assess the progression of acute kidney injury. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4692. [PMID: 30886169 PMCID: PMC6423131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Because exosomes have gained attention as a source of biomarkers, we investigated if miRNAs in exosomes (exo-miRs) can report the disease progression of organ injury. Using rat renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) as a model of acute kidney injury (AKI), we determined temporally-released exo-miRs in urine during IRI and found that these exo-miRs could reliably mirror the progression of AKI. From the longitudinal measurements of miRNA expression in kidney and urine, we found that release of exo- miRs was a regulated sorting process. In the injury state, miR-16, miR-24, and miR-200c were increased in the urine. Interestingly, expression of target mRNAs of these exo-miRs was significantly altered in renal medulla. Next, in the early recovery state, exo-miRs (miR-9a, miR-141, miR-200a, miR-200c, miR-429), which share Zeb1/2 as a common target mRNA, were upregulated together, indicating that they reflect TGF-β-associated renal fibrosis. Finally, release of exo-miRs (miR-125a, miR-351) was regulated by TGF-β1 and was able to differentiate the sham and IRI even after the injured kidneys were recovered. Altogether, these data indicate that exo-miRs released in renal IRI are associated with TGF-β signaling. Temporal release of exo-miRs which share targets might be a regulatory mechanism to control the progression of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Sonoda
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Byung Rho Lee
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ki-Hoon Park
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Deepak Nihalani
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Je-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Masahiro Ikeda
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan.
| | - Sang-Ho Kwon
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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53
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Gao R, Zhang N, Yang J, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Wang J, Xu X, Li Z, Liu X, Li Z, Li J, Kong C, Bi J. Long non-coding RNA ZEB1-AS1 regulates miR-200b/FSCN1 signaling and enhances migration and invasion induced by TGF-β1 in bladder cancer cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:111. [PMID: 30823924 PMCID: PMC6397446 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Background The effect of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) can regulate gene expression by competitively binding microRNAs. Fascin-1 (FSCN1) plays an important role in the regulation of cellular migration and invasion during tumor progression, but how its regulatory mechanism works through the ceRNA effect is still unclear in bladder cancer (BLCA). Methods The role of fascin-1, miR-200b, and ZEB1-AS1 in BLCA was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The interaction between fascin-1, miR-200b, and ZEB1-AS1 was identified using bioinformatics analysis, luciferase activity assays, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), quantitative PCR, and western blotting. Loss (or gain)-of-function experiments were performed to investigate the biological roles of miR-200b and ZEB1-AS1 on migration, invasion, proliferation, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle. Results ZEB1-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA in BLCA to regulate the expression of fascin-1 through miR-200b. Moreover, the oncogenic long non-coding RNA ZEB1-AS1 was highly expressed in BLCA and positively correlated with high tumor grade, high TNM stage, and reduced survival of patients with BLCA. Moreover, ZEB1-AS1 downregulated the expression of miR-200b, promoted migration, invasion, and proliferation, and inhibited apoptosis in BLCA. Furthermore, we found TGF-β1 induced migration and invasion in BLCA by regulating the ZEB1-AS1/miR-200b/FSCN1 axis. Conclusion The observations in this study identify an important regulatory mechanism of fascin-1 in BLCA, and the TGF-β1/ZEB1-AS1/miR-200b/FSCN1 axis may serve as a potential target for cancer therapeutic purposes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1102-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxu Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiwen Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyu Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeliang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiankui Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuize Kong
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianbin Bi
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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54
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Qian W, Cai X, Qian Q, Peng W, Yu J, Zhang X, Tian L, Wang C. lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 promotes pulmonary fibrosis through ZEB1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition by competitively binding miR-141-3p. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:129. [PMID: 30755599 PMCID: PMC6372615 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in various pathophysiological processes in many diseases. However, the role and mechanism of lncRNAs in pulmonary fibrosis have not been explicitly delineated. In the present study, we found that lncRNA ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 (ZEB1-AS1) is upregulated in the lungs of BLM-induced rats and TGF-β1-induced RLE-6TN cells, and positively correlated with the levels of ZEB1, an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) master regulator. Knockdown of ZEB1-AS1 alleviated BLM-induced fibrogenesis, in vivo, via inhibiting EMT progress. Mechanistically, we identified that ZEB1-AS1 promoted fibrogenesis in RLE-6TN cells and ZEB1-AS1 silencing inhibited TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis through modulation of miR-141-3p. Further experiments revealed that ZEB1-AS1 acted as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-141-3p: forced expression of ZEB1-AS1 reduced the expression of miR-141-3p to activate Zinc-finger Ebox Binding Homeobox 1 (ZEB1) in RLE-6TN cells. In addition, we found that upregulation of miR-141-3p prevented fibrogenesis by targeting ZEB1. Therefore, our finding suggested lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 as a new profibrotic molecule that acts as a regulator of miR-141-3p/ZEB1 axis during lung fibrosis and demonstrated ZEB1-AS1 as a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Qian
- Department of Lung Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinrui Cai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiuhai Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Scientific Research, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tian
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People's Republic of China
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55
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Tang J, Yao D, Yan H, Chen X, Wang L, Zhan H. The Role of MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:8719060. [PMID: 31885563 PMCID: PMC6914872 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8719060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications in diabetic patients; it is also an important cause of renal dysfunction, renal fibrosis, and end-stage renal disease. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of DN is complex and has not yet been fully elucidated; hence, the pathogenesis of DN to determine effective treatments of crucial importance is deeply explored. Early DN research focuses on hemodynamic changes and metabolic disorders, and recent studies have shown the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in genes, which may be a new diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the clinical value and molecular mechanisms of miRNAs in DN, providing new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Deyi Yao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiying Yan
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Linjia Wang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Huakui Zhan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, China
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56
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Olea-Flores M, Juárez-Cruz JC, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Padilla-Benavides T, Navarro-Tito N. Signaling Pathways Induced by Leptin during Epithelial⁻Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3493. [PMID: 30404206 PMCID: PMC6275018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is an adipokine that is overexpressed in obese and overweight people. Interestingly, women with breast cancer present high levels of leptin and of its receptor ObR. Leptin plays an important role in breast cancer progression due to the biological processes it participates in, such as epithelial⁻mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT consists of a series of orchestrated events in which cell⁻cell and cell⁻extracellular matrix interactions are altered and lead to the release of epithelial cells from the surrounding tissue. The cytoskeleton is also re-arranged, allowing the three-dimensional movement of epithelial cells into the extracellular matrix. This transition provides cells with the ability to migrate and invade adjacent or distal tissues, which is a classic feature of invasive or metastatic carcinoma cells. In recent years, the number of cases of breast cancer has increased, making this disease a public health problem worldwide and the leading cause of death due to cancer in women. In this review, we focus on recent advances that establish: (1) leptin as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer, and (2) leptin as an inducer of EMT, an event that promotes tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| | - Juan Carlos Juárez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| | - Miguel A Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
| | - Teresita Padilla-Benavides
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, GRO 39090, México.
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Gholaminejad A, Abdul Tehrani H, Gholami Fesharaki M. Identification of candidate microRNA biomarkers in renal fibrosis: a meta-analysis of profiling studies. Biomarkers 2018; 23:713-724. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2018.1488275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alieh Gholaminejad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdul Tehrani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Anti-fibrotic impact of Carvedilol in a CCl-4 model of liver fibrosis via serum microRNA-200a/SMAD7 enhancement to bridle TGF-β1/EMT track. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14327. [PMID: 30254303 PMCID: PMC6156520 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in modulating the prevalence of fibrosis and have been a target of the cardiac anti-fibrotic effect of Carvedilol. However, the impact of miRNAs on the hepatoprotective effect of this non-selective β-blocker has not been yet elucidated. Hence, the current goal is to evaluate the potential role of circulating miR-200a in the hepatic anti-fibrotic pathway of Carvedilol. Male Wistar rats were randomized into normal, CCl4 (2 ml/kg, i.p, twice weekly for 8 weeks), and CCl4 + Carvedilol (10 mg/kg, p.o, daily). Carvedilol over-expressed the circulating miR-200a to modulate epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (vimentin, E-Cadherin). In turn, Carvedilol increased SMAD7 gene expression and protein content to attenuate the pro-fibrogenic marker transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and the inflammatory markers (p-38 MAPK and p-S536-NF-κB p65). The anti-fibrotic potential was reflected on the decreased expression of the mesenchymal product and EMT marker α-SMA, besides the improved histopathological examination, and the fibrosis scores/collagen quantification to enhance liver functions (AST, ALT, ALP, and AST/platelet ratio index; APRI). In conclusion, circulating miR-200a/SMAD7/TGF-β1/EMT/MAPK axis is crucial in the hepatic anti-fibrotic mechanism of Carvedilol.
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59
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Xi W, Zhao X, Wu M, Jia W, Li H. Lack of microRNA-155 ameliorates renal fibrosis by targeting PDE3A/TGF-β1/Smad signaling in mice with obstructive nephropathy. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1523-1532. [PMID: 30080287 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although microRNA-155 (miR-155) is implicated in the pathogenesis of several fibrotic diseases, information regarding its functional role in renal fibrosis is limited. The current study aims to investigate the effects of miR-155 on renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) mice. MiR-155 level was significantly increased in renal tissues of UUO mice and TGF-β1-treated HK2 cells. Masson's trichrome staining showed that delivery of adeno-associated virus encoding miR-155 inhibitor led to a decrease in renal fibrosis induced by UUO. The increased expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, collagen III and collagen IV was also inhibited after miR-155 inhibition. In addition, miR-155 knockdown also prevented TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, concomitantly with a restoration of E-cadherin expression and a decrease of vimentin expression. Computational analysis revealed that miR-155 directly targets at 3'UTR of PDE3A. Overexpression of miR-155 suppressed the luciferase activity and protein expression of PDE3A, whereas inhibition of miR-155 increased PDE3A luciferase activity and expression. Furthermore, miR-155 inhibited TGF-β1-induced the increase of TGF-β1 expression and Smad-2/3 phosphorylation in HK2 cells. In contrast, knockdown of PDE3A reversed the effect of miR-155 inhibition on TGF-β1 expression. This study demonstrates that knockdown of miR-155 attenuates renal fibrosis via inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad signaling activation by targeting the upstream molecule PDE3A. This study suggests that miR-155 inhibition may be a novel therapeutic approach for preventing fibrotic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xi
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang University Medical College Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Qingchun Road 3rd, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang University Medical College Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Qingchun Road 3rd, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meijun Wu
- Department of Comprehensive Health Care, The First People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang University Medical College Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Qingchun Road 3rd, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang University Medical College Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Qingchun Road 3rd, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
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Tian H, Xu JY, Tian Y, Cao Y, Lian C, Ou Q, Wu B, Jin C, Gao F, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Li W, Lu L, Xu GT. A cell culture condition that induces the mesenchymal-epithelial transition of dedifferentiated porcine retinal pigment epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2018; 177:160-172. [PMID: 30096326 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathological change of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is one of the main reasons for the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Thus, cultured RPE cells are a proper cell model for studying the etiology of AMD in vitro. However, such cultured RPE cells easily undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that results in changes of cellular morphology and functions of the cells. To restore and maintain the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) of the cultured RPE cells, we cultivated dedifferentiated porcine RPE (pRPE) cells and compared their behaviors in four conditions: 1) in cell culture dishes with DMEM/F12 containing FBS (CC dish-FBS), 2) in petri dishes with DMEM/F12 containing FBS (Petri dish-FBS), 3) in cell culture dishes with DMEM/F12 containing N2 and B27 supplements (CC dish-N2B27), and 4) in petri dishes with DMEM/F12 containing N2 and B27 (Petri dish-N2B27). In addition to observing the cell morphology and behavior, RPE specific markers, as well as EMT-related genes and proteins, were examined by immunostaining, quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. The results showed that dedifferentiated pRPE cells maintained EMT in CC dish-FBS, Petri dish-FBS and CC dish-N2B27 groups, whereas MET was induced when the dedifferentiated pRPE cells were cultured in Petri dish-N2B27. Such induced pRPE cells showed polygonal morphology with increased expression of RPE-specific markers and decreased EMT-associated markers. Similar results were observed in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE cells. Furthermore, during the re-differentiation of those dedifferentiated pRPE cells, Petri dish-N2B27 reduced the activity of RhoA and induced F-actin rearrangement, which promoted the nuclear exclusion of transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and TAZ target molecule zinc finger E-box binding protein (ZEB1), both of which are EMT inducing factors. This study provides a simple and reliable method to reverse dedifferentiated phenotype of pRPE cells into epithelialized phenotype, which is more appropriate for studying AMD in vitro, and suggests that MET of other cell types might be induced by a similar approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China; Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Ying Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Yaqi Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Chunpin Lian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Binxin Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Caixia Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Furong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Jieping Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, TUSM, China
| | - Weiye Li
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China; Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine (TUSM), Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science, Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, TUSM, China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, TUSM, China; Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Fan X, Teng Y, Ye Z, Zhou Y, Tan WS. The effect of gap junction-mediated transfer of miR-200b on osteogenesis and angiogenesis in a co-culture of MSCs and HUVECs. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.216135. [PMID: 29898921 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.216135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For successful engineering of pre-vascularized bone tissue in vitro, understanding the interactions between vasculogenic cells and bone-forming cells is a prerequisite. Mounting evidence indicates that microRNAs can serve as intercellular signals that allow cell-cell communication. Here, the role of the transfer of the microRNA miR-200b between vasculogenic and osteogenic cells was explored in a co-culture system. Rat bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) formed functional gap junctions composed of connexin 43 (Cx43, also known as GJA1) with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), through which miR-200b could transfer from BMSCs to HUVECs to regulate osteogenesis and angiogenesis. As a negative regulator, the decrease in miR-200b level in BMSCs derepressed the expression of VEGF-A, leading to increased osteogenic differentiation. Once inside HUVECs, miR-200b reduced the angiogenic potential of HUVECs through downregulation of ZEB2, ETS1, KDR and GATA2 Additionally, TGF-β was found to trigger the transfer of miR-200b to HUVECs. Upon adding the TGF-β inhibitor SB431542 or TGF-β-neutralizing antibody, the formation of capillary-like structures in co-culture could be partially rescued. These findings may be fundamental to the development of a cell-based bone regeneration strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yi Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Song Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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He WM, Yin JQ, Cheng XD, Lu X, Ni L, Xi Y, Yin GD, Lu GY, Sun W, Wei MG. Oleanolic acid attenuates TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in NRK-52E cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:205. [PMID: 29973206 PMCID: PMC6031099 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis, which finally leads to renal failure. Oleanolic acid (OA), an activator of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), is reported to attenuate renal fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction. However, the role of OA in the regulation of EMT and the underlying mechanisms remain to be investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of OA on EMT of renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) induced by TGF-β1, and to elucidate its underlying mechanism. Methods Cells were incubated with TGF-β1 in the presence or absence of OA. The epithelial marker E-cadherin, the mesenchymal markers, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, Nrf2, klotho, the signal transducer (p-Smad2/3), EMT initiator (Snail), and ILK were assayed by western blotting. Results Our results showed that the NRK-52E cells incubated with TGF-β1 induced EMT with transition to the spindle-like morphology, down-regulated the expression of E-cadherin but up-regulated the expression of α-SMA and fibronectin. However, the treatment with OA reversed all EMT markers in a dose-dependent manner. OA also restored the expression of Nrf2 and klotho, decreased the phosphorylation of Smad2/3, ILK, and Snail in cells which was initiated by TGF-β1. Conclusion OA can attenuate TGF-β1 mediate EMT in renal tubular epithelial cells and may be a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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63
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Lu MY, Yu CC, Chen PY, Hsieh PL, Peng CY, Liao YW, Yu CH, Lin KH. miR-200c inhibits the arecoline-associated myofibroblastic transdifferentiation in buccal mucosal fibroblasts. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 117:791-797. [PMID: 29958727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE MicroRNA-200c (miR-200c) recently emerged as an important regulator of tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis, however, its role in regulating oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the functional role of miR-200c in myofibroblastic differentiation activity and identified its potential target. METHODS qRT-PCR was applied to assess the expression of miR-200c in OSF tissues and fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs). Arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, was utilized to explore whether the expression of miR-200c would alter following stimulation. Collagen gel contraction, migration and invasion capabilities were examined in arecoline-stimulated BMFs as wells as in fBMFs. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to show the relationship between miR-200c and ZEB1. RESULTS Our results showed that the expression of miR-200c was downregulated in OSF specimen and fBMFs. Arecoline treatment dose-dependently reduced the relative expression of miR-200c in normal BMFs. Overexpression of miR-200c impeded the arecoline-induced collagen gel contraction, migration, invasion and wound healing capacities. Moreover, ectopic expression of miR-200c in fBMFs successfully reduced the increased collagen gel contractility and invasion abilities. Our results demonstrated that ZEB1 was a direct target of miR-200c, and overexpression of miR-200c inhibited the expression of ZEB1 and α-SMA. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that downregulation of miR-200c in OSF may be involved in the pathogenesis of areca nut-associated OSF through regulation of ZEB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yi Lu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yin Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hang Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Hua Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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64
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Liao YW, Yu CC, Hsieh PL, Chang YC. miR-200b ameliorates myofibroblast transdifferentiation in precancerous oral submucous fibrosis through targeting ZEB2. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4130-4138. [PMID: 29893466 PMCID: PMC6111815 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a progressive scarring disease. MicroRNA-200b (miR-200b) has been reported as a tumour suppressor, but its role in the precancerous OSF remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the impact of miR-200b on myofibroblastic differentiation activity. Arecoline is a major areca nut alkaloid and has been employed to induce the elevated myofibroblast activity in human buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs). Treatment of arecoline in BMFs dose-dependently reduced gene expression of miR-200b, which corresponded with the decreased expression of miR-200b in fBMFs. The arecoline-induced myofibroblast activities were abolished by overexpression of miR-200b in BMFs, and the same results were observed in fBMFs. In addition, α-SMA was inhibited by an increase in miR-200b. We further demonstrated that miR-200b-mediated decrease in ZEB2 led to down-regulation of α-SMA, vimentin. Loss of miR-200b resulted in enhanced collagen contraction and migration capabilities, and knockdown of ZEB2 reversed these phenomena. Lastly, we showed the expression of miR-200b was significantly less and ZEB2 was markedly higher in OSF tissues. These results suggested that down-regulation of miR-200b may contribute to the pathogenesis of areca quid-associated OSF through the regulation of ZEB2 and myofibroblast hallmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Liao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Chang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Functional Role of Non-Coding RNAs during Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:ncrna4020014. [PMID: 29843425 PMCID: PMC6027143 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key biological process involved in a multitude of developmental and pathological events. It is characterized by the progressive loss of cell-to-cell contacts and actin cytoskeletal rearrangements, leading to filopodia formation and the progressive up-regulation of a mesenchymal gene expression pattern enabling cell migration. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is already observed in early embryonic stages such as gastrulation, when the epiblast undergoes an EMT process and therefore leads to the formation of the third embryonic layer, the mesoderm. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is pivotal in multiple embryonic processes, such as for example during cardiovascular system development, as valve primordia are formed and the cardiac jelly is progressively invaded by endocardium-derived mesenchyme or as the external cardiac cell layer is established, i.e., the epicardium and cells detached migrate into the embryonic myocardial to form the cardiac fibrous skeleton and the coronary vasculature. Strikingly, the most important biological event in which EMT is pivotal is cancer development and metastasis. Over the last years, understanding of the transcriptional regulatory networks involved in EMT has greatly advanced. Several transcriptional factors such as Snail, Slug, Twist, Zeb1 and Zeb2 have been reported to play fundamental roles in EMT, leading in most cases to transcriptional repression of cell⁻cell interacting proteins such as ZO-1 and cadherins and activation of cytoskeletal markers such as vimentin. In recent years, a fundamental role for non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs and more recently long non-coding RNAs, has been identified in normal tissue development and homeostasis as well as in several oncogenic processes. In this study, we will provide a state-of-the-art review of the functional roles of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in both developmental and pathological EMT.
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66
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Sene LB, Rizzi VHG, Gontijo JAR, Boer PA. Gestational low-protein intake enhances whole-kidney miR-192 and miR-200 family expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in rat adult male offspring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:221/10/jeb171694. [PMID: 29789348 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.171694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that adult offspring of mothers fed a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy present a pronounced reduction of nephron number associated with decreased fractional urinary sodium excretion and arterial hypertension. Additionally, recent advances in our understanding of the molecular pathways that govern the association of gestational nutritional restriction, intrauterine growth retardation and inflammation with impaired nephrogenesis, nephron underdosing and kidney fibrosis point to the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) as a common factor. In the current study, protein and sodium urinary excretion rates were evaluated in rats, and immunohistochemistry and western blot techniques were used to characterize kidney structure changes in 16 week old male offspring of mothers fed a low-protein diet during pregnancy (LP group) compared with age-matched (NP) controls. We also verified the expression of miRNA, mRNA and protein markers of fibrosis and the EMT in whole kidney prepared from LP offspring. We found, surprisingly, that arterial hypertension and long-term hyperfiltration, manifest by proteinuria, were associated with increased renal miR-192 and miR-200 family expression in 16 week old LP relative to age-matched NP rats. Measurement of kidney fibrosis and EMT-related protein markers, by histochemistry and immunoblot techniques, showed a significant rise of TGF-β1 and type-I collagen content in glomeruli and tubulointerstitial areas, accompanied by enhanced fibronectin and ZEB1 and decreased E-cadherin immunoreactivity in 16 week old LP offspring. The results were partially confirmed by increased gene (mRNA) expression of collagen 1α1, collagen 1α2 and ZEB1 in LP whole kidneys compared with those of age-matched NP offspring. In view of the presumed functional overload in the remaining nephrons, we suggest that hypertension and proteinuria development following maternal protein restriction may be a preponderant factor for EMT and structural kidney changes in LP offspring. However, our study was not wholly able to establish the precise role of miRNAs in LP kidney disorders. Thus, further studies will be required to assess the contribution of the miR family to renal injury in a gestational protein-restricted model of fetal programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia B Sene
- Morphology Department, Bioscience Institute at São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-290, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Gonçalves Rizzi
- Morphology Department, Bioscience Institute at São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-290, Brazil
| | - José A R Gontijo
- Hydrossaline Metabolism and Fetal Programming Laboratory, School of Medicine at Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-894, Brazil
| | - Patricia A Boer
- Hydrossaline Metabolism and Fetal Programming Laboratory, School of Medicine at Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-894, Brazil
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Yu Y, Bai F, Qin N, Liu W, Sun Q, Zhou Y, Yang J. Non-Proximal Renal Tubule-Derived Urinary Exosomal miR-200b as a Biomarker of Renal Fibrosis. Nephron Clin Pract 2018. [PMID: 29539618 DOI: 10.1159/000487104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal fibrosis is a common outcome of nearly all kinds of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and eventually progresses to end-stage renal disease. The identification of an optimal biomarker of renal fibrosis to replace the invasive renal biopsy will have important clinical implications. METHODS We isolated urinary exosomes from 50 participants and examined the exosomal protein content and particle number in 38 CKD patients with different degrees of renal fibrosis and in 12 normal individuals. We examined the levels of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs), namely, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141, miR-429, miR-29a, miR-29b, miR-29c, miR-192, and miR-21, by sorting the exosomes and comparing the levels of proximal tubular, non-proximal tubular, and total exosomal miR-200b. RESULTS The exosome content was higher in the CKD group, but no differences were evident among the mild, moderate, and severe fibrosis groups. Among the 10 exosomal miRNAs, miR-200b was lower in the CKD group than in the normal group and decreased more significantly with fibrosis progression as well as in IgA nephropathy and diabetic kidney disease. CD13+ CD63+ exosomes constituted 18.6% of all urinary exosomes. Sorting the proximal tubular exosomes with the CD13 protein marker revealed that miR-200b in the CD13+ group was extremely low; however, the result was significantly different in the CD13- group but not in the CD13+ group. The magnitude of the decline was greater in the CD13- groups than in the non-sorted whole groups between the fibrosis and normal patients. CONCLUSIONS Non-proximal renal tubule-derived urinary exosomal miR-200b is a biomarker of renal fibrosis. Exosomes can be used as a liquid biopsy and may replace the traditional invasive renal biopsy in the diagnosis of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Yu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai'an Second People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Nan Qin
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjin Liu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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68
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miR-200b/c attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced early pulmonary fibrosis by targeting ZEB1/2 via p38 MAPK and TGF-β/smad3 signaling pathways. J Transl Med 2018; 98:339-359. [PMID: 29200203 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis triggered during the early stage of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) contributes to poor prognosis in patients. However, whether microRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as therapeutic targets for early pulmonary fibrosis during ARDS is still largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effects and mechanisms of miR-200s and its targets ZEB1/2 in lung tissue. An early pulmonary fibrosis mouse model caused by ARDS was established via a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) three-hit regimen. Lentiviral packaged miR-200b/c cDNA or ZEB1/2 shRNA was intratracheally administered into the lungs of C57BL/6 mice 1 day before an LPS injection was administered. In vitro, following a 30-min pretreatment with miR-200b/c or SB203580/SIS3, RLE-6TN cells were stimulated by LPS or LPS + transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) for 24 h. miR-200b/c and E-cadherin protein expression declined, whereas ZEB1/2 mRNA and protein and vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein levels gradually increased during the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, both the overexpression of miR-200b/c and the silencing of ZEB1/2 significantly alleviated pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis, reduced vimentin and α-SMA expression, and increased E-cadherin protein levels. In RLE-6TN cells, LPS combined with TGF-β exerts synergistic effects of increasing vimentin and α-SMA protein levels, increasing p38 and smad3 phosphorylation and reducing E-cadherin protein levels, which were reversed by pretreatment with miR-200b/c or SB203580/SIS3. Our findings demonstrate that miR-200b/c was downregulated, whereas ZEB1/2 was upregulated in the development of LPS-induced early pulmonary fibrosis. miR-200b/c exerts a protective effect by targeting ZEB1/2, which may be associated with the inhibition of p38 MAPK and TGF-β /smad3 signaling pathways.
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Maity S, Bera A, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Das F, Kasinath BS, Choudhury GG. microRNA-181a downregulates deptor for TGFβ-induced glomerular mesangial cell hypertrophy and matrix protein expression. Exp Cell Res 2018; 364:5-15. [PMID: 29397070 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
TGFβ contributes to mesangial cell hypertrophy and matrix protein increase in various kidney diseases including diabetic nephropathy. Deptor is an mTOR-interacting protein and suppresses mTORC1 and mTORC2 activities. We have recently shown that TGFβ-induced inhibition of deptor increases the mTOR activity. The mechanism by which TGFβ regulates deptor expression is not known. Here we identify deptor as a target of the microRNA-181a. We show that in mesangial cells, TGFβ increases the expression of miR-181a to downregulate deptor. Decrease in deptor augments mTORC2 activity, resulting in phosphorylation/activation of Akt kinase. Akt promotes inactivating phosphorylation of PRAS40 and tuberin, leading to stimulation of mTORC1. miR-181a-mimic increased mTORC1 and C2 activities, while anti-miR-181a inhibited them. mTORC1 controls protein synthesis via phosphorylation of translation initiation and elongation suppressors 4EBP-1 and eEF2 kinase. TGFβ-stimulated miR-181a increased the phosphorylation of 4EBP-1 and eEF2 kinase, resulting in their inactivation. miR-181a-dependent inactivation of eEF2 kinase caused dephosphorylation of eEF2. Consequently, miR-181a-mimic increased protein synthesis and hypertrophy of mesangial cells similar to TGFβ. Anti-miR-181a blocked these events in a deptor-dependent manner. Finally, TGFβ-miR-181a-driven deptor downregulation increased the expression of fibronectin. Our results identify a novel mechanism involving miR-181a-driven deptor downregulation, which contributes to mesangial cell pathologies in renal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Maity
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Amit Bera
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury
- VA Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States; Department of Pathology, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Falguni Das
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States; VA Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States; VA Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, TX, United States; VA Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Research Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, United States.
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70
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Tacrolimus-induced nephrotoxicity in mice is associated with microRNA deregulation. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1539-1550. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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71
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Aslani S, Sobhani S, Gharibdoost F, Jamshidi A, Mahmoudi M. Epigenetics and pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis; the ins and outs. Hum Immunol 2018; 79:178-187. [PMID: 29330110 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of many diseases is influenced by environmental factors which can affect human genome and be inherited from generation to generation. Adverse environmental stimuli are recognized through the epigenetic regulatory complex, leading to gene expression alteration, which in turn culminates in disease outcomes. Three epigenetic regulatory mechanisms modulate the manifestation of a gene, namely DNA methylation, histone changes, and microRNAs. Both epigenetics and genetics have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) disease. Genetic inheritance rate of SSc is low and the concordance rate in both monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins is little, implying other possible pathways in SSc pathogenesis scenario. Here, we provide an extensive overview of the studies regarding different epigenetic events which may offer insights into the pathology of SSc. Furthermore, epigenetic-based interventions to treat SSc patients were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Sobhani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Gharibdoost
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ning X, Zhang K, Wu Q, Liu M, Sun S. Emerging role of Twist1 in fibrotic diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1383-1391. [PMID: 29314610 PMCID: PMC5824384 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a pathological process that occurs in a variety of diseases, including organ fibrosis. Twist1, a basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor, is involved in EMT and plays significant roles in various fibrotic diseases. Suppression of the EMT process represents a promising approach for the treatment of fibrotic diseases. In this review, we discuss the roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms of Twist1 in fibrotic diseases, including those affecting kidney, lung, skin, oral submucosa and other tissues. We aim at providing new insight into the pathogenesis of various fibrotic diseases and facilitating the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Ning
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingfeng Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minna Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiren Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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73
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Ichii O, Horino T. MicroRNAs associated with the development of kidney diseases in humans and animals. J Toxicol Pathol 2018; 31:23-34. [PMID: 29479137 PMCID: PMC5820100 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2017-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNAs with approximately 18-25 bases, and their sequences are highly conserved among animals. miRNAs act as posttranscriptional regulators by binding mRNAs, and their main function involves the degradation of their target mRNAs. Recent studies revealed altered expression of miRNAs in the kidneys during the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans and experimental rodent models by using high-throughput screening techniques including microarray and small RNA sequencing. Particularly, miR-21 seems to be strongly associated with renal pathogenesis both in the glomerulus and tubulointerstitium. Furthermore, abundant evidence has been gathered showing the involvement of miRNAs in renal fibrosis. Because of the complex morphofunctional organization of the mammalian kidneys, it is crucial both to determine the exact localization of the kidney cells that express the miRNAs, which has been addressed mainly using in situ hybridization methods, and to identify precisely which mRNAs are bound and degraded by these miRNAs, which has been studied mostly through in vitro analysis. To discover novel biomarker candidates, miRNA levels in urine supernatant, sediment, and exosomal fraction were comprehensively investigated in different types of kidney disease, including drug-induced AKI, ischemia-induced AKI, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and IgA nephropathy. Recent studies also demonstrated the therapeutic effect of miRNA and/or anti-miRNA administrations. The intent of this review is to illustrate the state-of-the-art research in the field of miRNAs associated with renal pathogenesis, especially focusing on AKI and CKD in humans and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary
Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku,
Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Taro Horino
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary
Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku,
Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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74
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Barutta F, Bellini S, Mastrocola R, Bruno G, Gruden G. MicroRNA and Microvascular Complications of Diabetes. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:6890501. [PMID: 29707000 PMCID: PMC5863305 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6890501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, miRNAs have received substantial attention as potential players of diabetes microvascular complications, affecting the kidney, the retina, and the peripheral neurons. Compelling evidence indicates that abnormally expressed miRNAs have pivotal roles in key pathogenic processes of microvascular complications, such as fibrosis, apoptosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Moreover, clinical research into innovative both diagnostic and prognostic tools suggests circulating miRNAs as possible novel noninvasive markers of diabetes microvascular complications. In this review, we summarize current knowledge and understanding of the role of miRNAs in the injury to the microvascular bed in diabetes and discuss the potential of miRNAs as clinical biomarkers of diabetes microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Barutta
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - S. Bellini
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - R. Mastrocola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G. Bruno
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G. Gruden
- Laboratory of Diabetic Nephropathy, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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75
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Janszky N, Süsal C. Circulating and urinary microRNAs as possible biomarkers in kidney transplantation. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2017; 32:110-118. [PMID: 29366537 DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Janszky
- Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Caner Süsal
- Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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76
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Ma L, Li H, Zhang S, Xiong X, Chen K, Jiang P, Jiang K, Deng G. Emodin ameliorates renal fibrosis in rats via TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway and function study of Smurf 2. Int Urol Nephrol 2017; 50:373-382. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-017-1757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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77
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Yang J, Zhou CZ, Zhu R, Fan H, Liu XX, Duan XY, Tang Q, Shou ZX, Zuo DM. miR-200b-containing microvesicles attenuate experimental colitis associated intestinal fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:1966-1974. [PMID: 28370348 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), characterized by the decrease of E-cadherin (E-Cad) and increase in vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), was demonstrated to participate in inflammatory bowel disease-related fibrosis. miR-200b plays an anti-fibrosis role in inhibiting EMT by targeting ZEB1 and ZEB2. But the stability of exogenous miR-200b in blood limits its application. Microvesicles (MVs), which can transfer miRNAs among cells and prevent them from degradation, may provide an excellent transport system for the delivery of miR-200b in the treatment of fibrosis. METHODS Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transfected with lentivirus to overexpress miR-200b. The MVs packaged with miRNA-200b were harvested for the anti-fibrotic treatment using in vitro (transforming growth factor beta 1-mediated EMT in intestinal epithelial cells: IEC-6) and in vivo (TNBS-induced intestinal fibrosis in rats) models. The pathological morphology was observed, and the fibrosis related proteins, such as E-Cad, vimentin, α-SMA, ZEB1, and ZEB2, were detected. RESULTS MiR-200b-MVs would significantly reverse the morphology in TGF-β1-treated IEC-6 cells and improve the TNBS-induced colon fibrosis histologically. The treatment of miR-200b-MVs increased miR-200b levels both in the IEC-6 cells and colon, resulting in a significant prevention EMT and alleviation of fibrosis. The expression of E-Cad was increased, and the expressions of vimentin and α-SMA were decreased. ZBE1 and ZEB2, the targets of miR-200b, were also decreased. CONCLUSIONS miR-200b could be transferred from genetically modified BMSCs to the target cells or tissue by MVs. The mechanisms of miR-200b-MVs in inhibiting colonic fibrosis were related to suppressing the development of EMT by targeting ZEB1and ZEB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Zhou
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Fan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing-Xing Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Yun Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe-Xing Shou
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong-Mei Zuo
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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78
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Cai T, Sun D, Duan Y, Qiu Y, Dai C, Yang J, He W. FHL2 promotes tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through modulating β-catenin signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:1684-1695. [PMID: 29193729 PMCID: PMC5824423 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Catenin signalling plays an important role in regulating tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an indispensable programme for driving renal fibrosis. As an adapter protein, four and a half LIM domain protein 2 (FHL2) acts as a coregulator of β-catenin in several other cell types. To determine whether FHL2 affects β-catenin signalling and thus is involved in tubular EMT, we examined its expression and function in the process of TGF-β1-induced EMT. FHL2 mRNA and protein were induced by TGF-β1 in rat tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E), an effect that intracellular Smad signalling was required. Ectopic expression of FHL2 inhibited E-cadherin and enhanced α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin expression, whereas knockdown of FHL2 partially restored E-cadherin and reduced α-SMA and fibronectin induction stimulated by TGF-β1. Overexpression of FHL2 increased β-catenin dephosphorylation (Ser37/Thr41), nuclear translocation and β-catenin-mediated transcription and up-regulated expression of β-catenin target, EMT-related genes, such as Snail, Twist, vimentin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-7. Conversely, knockdown of FHL2 increased β-catenin phosphorylation (Ser33/37/Thr41), decreased its nuclear translocation and inhibited β-catenin-mediated transcription and target genes expression. TGF-β1 induced a FHL2/β-catenin interaction in NRK-52E cells, especially in the nuclei. In a mouse model of obstructive nephropathy, FHL2 mRNA and protein were induced in a time-dependent fashion, and the extent and pattern of renal β-catenin activation were positively correlated with FHL2 induction. Collectively, this study suggests that FHL2, via modulating β-catenin signalling, may implicate in regulation of TGF-β1-mediated tubular EMT and could be a potential therapeutic target for fibrotic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cai
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Danqin Sun
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Duan
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumei Qiu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunsun Dai
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weichun He
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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79
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Thalidomide Inhibits TGF-β1-induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Alveolar Epithelial Cells via Smad-Dependent and Smad-Independent Signaling Pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14727. [PMID: 29116196 PMCID: PMC5677010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in primary alveolar cells (AECs) plays an important role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In vivo models have suggested that thalidomide (THL) has anti-fibrotic effects against pulmonary fibrosis, but the underlying mechanism of this effect is not clear. This study investigated whether THL regulates alveolar EMT and the possible mechanisms underlying this process. CCL-149 cells were treated with TGF-β1 in the presence of THL at the indicated concentrations. EMT was assessed by changes in cell morphology and in phenotypic markers. Signaling pathways involved in EMT were characterized by western blot analysis. THL inhibited the TGF-β1 induction of α-SMA, vimentin, MMP-2/-9 and collagen type IV expression and restored the morphological changes in primary alveolar epithelial cells caused by TGF-β1. TGF-β1 induction of α-SMA expression was partially dependent on the activation of p38, JNK, ERK, Akt, Smad 2 and Smad3. Moreover, THL inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of p38, JNK, ERK, Akt, GSK3β, Smad 2 and Smad3 without altering the total expression levels of those proteins. These findings indicate that TGF-β1-induced EMT in alveolar epithelial cells is inhibited by THL via both Smad-dependent and non-Smad-dependent signaling pathways and suggests therapeutic approaches for targeting this process in pulmonary fibrosis.
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80
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MiR-200a modulates TGF-β1-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal shift via suppression of GRB2 in HAECs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:215-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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81
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Hajarnis S, Yheskel M, Williams D, Brefort T, Glaudemans B, Debaix H, Baum M, Devuyst O, Patel V. Suppression of microRNA Activity in Kidney Collecting Ducts Induces Partial Loss of Epithelial Phenotype and Renal Fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 29:518-531. [PMID: 29021386 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017030334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are sequence-specific inhibitors of post-transcriptional gene expression. The physiologic function of these noncoding RNAs in postnatal renal tubules still remains unclear. Surprisingly, they appear to be dispensable for mammalian proximal tubule (PT) function. Here, we examined the effects of miRNA suppression in collecting ducts (CDs). To conclusively evaluate the role of miRNAs, we generated three mouse models with CD-specific inactivation of key miRNA pathway genes Dicer, Dgcr8, and the entire Argonaute gene family (Ago1, 2, 3, and 4). Characterization of these three mouse models revealed that inhibition of miRNAs in CDs spontaneously evokes a renal tubule injury-like response, which culminates in progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) and renal failure. Global miRNA profiling of microdissected renal tubules showed that miRNAs exhibit segmental distribution along the nephron and CDs. In particular, the expression of miR-200c is nearly 70-fold higher in CDs compared with PTs. Accordingly, miR-200s are downregulated in Dicer-KO CDs, its direct target genes Zeb1, Zeb2, and Snail2 are upregulated, and miRNA-depleted CDs undergo partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Thus, miRNAs are essential for CD homeostasis. Downregulation of CD-enriched miRNAs and the subsequent induction of partial EMT may be a new mechanism for TIF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Hajarnis
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Matanel Yheskel
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Darren Williams
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Thomas Brefort
- Comprehensive Biomarker Center, Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Bob Glaudemans
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Huguette Debaix
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michel Baum
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vishal Patel
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
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82
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Shang Y, Chen H, Ye J, Wei X, Liu S, Wang R. HIF-1α/Ascl2/miR-200b regulatory feedback circuit modulated the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2017; 360:243-256. [PMID: 28899657 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have reported that Achaete scute-like 2 (Ascl2) transcriptionally repressed miR-200 family members and affected the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) plasticity in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. However, little is known about the regulation of the Ascl2/miR-200 axis. Here, we found that hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) mRNA levels were positively correlated with Ascl2 mRNA levels and inversely correlated with miR-200b in CRC samples. Mechanistically, we showed that Ascl2 was a downstream target of HIF-1α and had a critical role in the EMT phenotype induced by hypoxia or HIF-1α over-expression. Hypoxia or HIF-1α over-expression activated Ascl2 expression in CRC cells in a direct transcriptional mechanism via binding with the hypoxia-response element (HRE) at the proximal Ascl2 promoter. HIF-1α-induced Ascl2 expression repressed miR-200b expression to induce EMT occurrence. Furthermore, we found HIF-1α was a direct target of miR-200b. MiR-200b bound with the 3'-UTR of HIF-1α in CRC cells. HIF-1α/Ascl2/miR-200b regulatory feedback circuit modulated the EMT-MET plasticity of CRC cells. Our results confirmed a novel HIF-1α/Ascl2/miR-200b regulatory feedback circuit in modulating EMT-MET plasticity of CRC cells, which could serve as a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Haoyuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Shanxi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Rongquan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
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83
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Shu DY, Lovicu FJ. Myofibroblast transdifferentiation: The dark force in ocular wound healing and fibrosis. Prog Retin Eye Res 2017; 60:44-65. [PMID: 28807717 PMCID: PMC5600870 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is one of the most complex biological processes to occur in life. Repair of tissue following injury involves dynamic interactions between multiple cell types, growth factors, inflammatory mediators and components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Aberrant and uncontrolled wound healing leads to a non-functional mass of fibrotic tissue. In the eye, fibrotic disease disrupts the normally transparent ocular tissues resulting in irreversible loss of vision. A common feature in fibrotic eye disease is the transdifferentiation of cells into myofibroblasts that can occur through a process known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Myofibroblasts rapidly produce excessive amounts of ECM and exert tractional forces across the ECM, resulting in the distortion of tissue architecture. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) plays a major role in myofibroblast transdifferentiation and has been implicated in numerous fibrotic eye diseases including corneal opacification, pterygium, anterior subcapsular cataract, posterior capsular opacification, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, fibrovascular membrane formation associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, submacular fibrosis, glaucoma and orbital fibrosis. This review serves to introduce the pathological functions of the myofibroblast in fibrotic eye disease. We also highlight recent developments in elucidating the multiple signaling pathways involved in fibrogenesis that may be exploited in the development of novel anti-fibrotic therapies to reduce ocular morbidity due to scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Y Shu
- Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Frank J Lovicu
- Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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84
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Li XY, Wang SS, Han Z, Han F, Chang YP, Yang Y, Xue M, Sun B, Chen LM. Triptolide Restores Autophagy to Alleviate Diabetic Renal Fibrosis through the miR-141-3p/PTEN/Akt/mTOR Pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 9:48-56. [PMID: 29246323 PMCID: PMC5602517 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the major pathological feature of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Autophagy, a process to maintain metabolic homeostasis, is obviously inhibited in DKD. Triptolide (TP) is a traditional Chinese medicine extract known for immune suppression and anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of TP on autophagy and fibrosis in DKD. TP restored autophagy and alleviated fibrosis in DKD rats and high-glucose-incubated human mesangial cells. After we applied 3-methyladenine (an autophagy inhibitor) and autophagy-related gene 5-small interfering RNA (siRNA), we found that the improvement of fibrosis on TP was related to the restoration of autophagy. In addition, miR-141-3p levels were increased under high glucose but reduced after TP treatment. miR-141-3p overexpression aggravated the fibrosis and restrained the autophagy further, while miR-141-3p inhibition imitated the effects of TP. As an action target, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) showed corresponding opposite changes. After PTEN-siRNA transfection, the effects of TP on autophagy and fibrosis were inhibited. PTEN levels were downregulated, with downstream phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) upregulated in high glucose, which were reversed by TP treatment. These findings indicate that TP alleviates fibrosis by restoring autophagy through the miR-141-3p/PTEN/Akt/mTOR pathway and is a novel therapeutic option for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Fei Han
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yun-Peng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Li-Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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85
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Zununi Vahed S, Poursadegh Zonouzi A, Mahmoodpoor F, Samadi N, Ardalan M, Omidi Y. Circulating miR-150, miR-192, miR-200b, and miR-423-3p as Non-invasive Biomarkers of Chronic Allograft Dysfunction. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:96-104. [PMID: 28577875 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD) is the major cause of renal allograft loss and can only be diagnosed by invasive histological examinations. The current study aimed to determine whether or not the circulating miR-125a, miR-150, miR-192, miR-200b, miR-423-3p and miR-433 could serve as predictors of graft outcome in the renal transplant recipients with CAD. METHODS To evaluate the expression levels of miRNAs, we used quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and analyzed the plasma samples of 53 renal transplant recipients, including: 27 recipients with stable graft function (SGF), 26 recipients with biopsy-proven interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) and 15 healthy controls. Possible correlation between the clinicopathological parameters and the studied circulating miRNAs was also evaluated. RESULTS miR-150 (p <0.001), miR-192 (p = 0.003), miR-200b (p = 0.048) and miR-423-3p (p <0.001) were differentially expressed between IFTA and SGF plasma samples. Creatinine correlated with miR-192 (r = 0.414, p = 0.036) and miR-423-3p (r = -0.431, p = 0.028). Moreover, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) significantly correlated with the circulating miR-192 (r = -0.390, p = 0.049) and miR-423 (r = 0.432, p = 0.028). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that four miRNAs possessed the best diagnostic value for discriminating IFTA from SGF recipients with the areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.87 and high sensitivity and specificity values of 78% and 91%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that aberrant plasma levels of these miRNAs are associated with the renal allograft dysfunction. Therefore, they are proposed to be considered as potential diagnostic biomarkers for monitoring of renal graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Zununi Vahed
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Fariba Mahmoodpoor
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Ardalan
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive inflammatory disease of the pancreas. The currently available treatment of CP is aimed at controlling symptoms and managing complications. Unfortunately, no specific treatment is available to halt the progression of the disease process because the pathophysiological perturbations in CP are not well understood. In this review, we discuss various therapeutic targets and investigational agents acting on these targets. Among these, therapies modulating immune cells and those acting on pancreatic stellate cells appear promising and may translate into clinical benefit in near future. However, these experimental therapies are mostly in animal models and they do not recapitulate all aspects of human disease. Still they may be beneficial in developing effective therapeutic modalities to curb inflammation in chronic pancreatitis.
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87
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Wu N, Meng F, Zhou T, Han Y, Kennedy L, Venter J, Francis H, DeMorrow S, Onori P, Invernizzi P, Bernuzzi F, Mancinelli R, Gaudio E, Franchitto A, Glaser S, Alpini G. Prolonged darkness reduces liver fibrosis in a mouse model of primary sclerosing cholangitis by miR-200b down-regulation. FASEB J 2017. [PMID: 28634212 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700097r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin therapy or prolonged exposure to complete darkness reduces biliary hyperplasia and liver fibrosis in bile-duct-ligated (BDL) rats; however, no information exists in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Thus, we aimed to determine the therapeutic effects of prolonged dark therapy or melatonin administration on hepatic fibrosis in the multidrug resistance gene 2-knockout (Mdr2-/-) mouse model of PSC. Melatonin levels, biliary mass, liver fibrosis, angiogenesis and miR-200b expression were evaluated in wild-type and Mdr2-/- mice exposed to darkness or melatonin treatment or in male patients with PSC and healthy controls. Mdr2-/- mice were also treated with miR-200b inhibitor or control before evaluating biliary mass, liver fibrosis, and angiogenesis. After overexpression of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT; the enzyme regulating melatonin synthesis) or inhibition of miR-200b in cholangiocytes and hepatic stellate cells in vitro, we evaluated angiogenesis and fibrosis gene expression. After exposure to darkness or administration of melatonin, Mdr2-/- mice show elevated serum melatonin levels and inhibition of biliary mass, along with reduction of liver fibrosis and angiogenesis. MicroRNA PCR analysis demonstrated that miR-200b expression increased in Mdr2-/- mice and patients with PSC compared with controls and decreased in Mdr2-/- mice subjected to dark exposure or melatonin treatment. Inhibition of miR-200b in Mdr2-/- ablates biliary proliferation, liver fibrosis, and angiogenesis. In vitro, overexpression of AANAT or inhibition of miR-200b in cholangiocytes and hepatic stellate cells decreased the expression of miR-200b, angiogenesis, and fibrosis genes. Dark therapy or targeting melatonin/miR-200b axis may be important in the management of biliary damage and liver fibrosis in cholangiopathies including PSC.-Wu, N., Meng, F., Zhou, T., Han, Y., Kennedy, L., Venter, J., Francis, H., DeMorrow, S., Onori, P., Invernizzi, P., Bernuzzi, F., Mancinelli, R., Gaudio, E., Franchitto, A., Glaser, S., Alpini G. Prolonged darkness reduces liver fibrosis in a mouse model of primary sclerosing cholangitis by miR-200b down-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Fanyin Meng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA.,Digestive Research Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Research Service, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Yuyan Han
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Lindsey Kennedy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Julie Venter
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Heather Francis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA.,Digestive Research Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Research Service, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Sharon DeMorrow
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA.,Digestive Research Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Research Service, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Paolo Onori
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, and Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Francesca Bernuzzi
- Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Romina Mancinelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, and Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, and Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Shannon Glaser
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA; .,Digestive Research Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Research Service, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, USA; .,Digestive Research Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Research Service, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, USA
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88
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Li X, Zhang ZL, Wang HF. Fusaric acid (FA) protects heart failure induced by isoproterenol (ISP) in mice through fibrosis prevention via TGF-β1/SMADs and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2017. [PMID: 28624424 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusaric acid (FA) is a novel compound derived from a class of nicotinic acid derivatives, exhibiting activity against cancers. However, its role in regulating cardiac injury is limited. Our study was aimed to investigate the role and the underlying molecular mechanism of FA in heart fibrosis and hypertrophy. Isoproterenol (ISP) was used to induce cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo. FA administration ameliorated hypertrophy by reducing atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and β -myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, FA reduced collagen accumulation and fibrosis-related signals, including α- smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Collagen type I and Collagen type III. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/SMADs and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including p38, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), signalling pathways were highly activated for ISP induction, which were prevented due to FA administration. Further, FA suppressed ISP-induced PI3K/AKT activity in a dose dependent manner. Of note, FA-reduced MAPKs phosphorylation was associated with phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Protein kinase B (AKT) activity caused by ISP. However, PI3K/AKT activation showed no effects on TGF-β1/SMADs expression in FA-treated cells after ISP exposure. Together, FA might be an effective candidate agent for preventing cardiac fibrosis by modulating TGF-β1/SMADs and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affilitated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China.
| | - Zhou-Long Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affilitated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui-Fen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affilitated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, China
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89
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Kota SK, Kota SB. Noncoding RNA and epigenetic gene regulation in renal diseases. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1112-1122. [PMID: 28487070 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kidneys have a major role in normal physiology and metabolic homeostasis. Loss or impairment of kidney function is a common occurrence in several metabolic disorders, including hypertension and diabetes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affect nearly 10% of the population worldwide; ranks 18th in the list of causes of death; and contributes to a significant proportion of healthcare costs. The tissue repair and regenerative potential of kidneys are limited and they decline during aging. Recent studies have demonstrated a key role for epigenetic processes and players, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, noncoding (nc)RNA, and so on, in both kidney development and disease. In this review, we highlight these recent findings with an emphasis on aberrant epigenetic changes that accompany renal diseases, key targets, and their therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya K Kota
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Savithri B Kota
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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90
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van de Vrie M, Deegens JK, Eikmans M, van der Vlag J, Hilbrands LB. Urinary MicroRNA as Biomarker in Renal Transplantation. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:1160-1166. [PMID: 27743494 PMCID: PMC5434819 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Urine represents a noninvasive source in which proteins and nucleic acids can be assessed. Such analytes may function as biomarkers to monitor kidney graft pathology at every desired frequency, thereby providing a time window to prevent graft damage by therapeutic intervention. Recently, several proteins have been measured in urine as markers of graft injury. However, the specificity is limited, and measuring urinary proteins generally lacks the potential to predict early kidney graft damage. Currently, urinary mRNA and microRNA are being investigated to evaluate the prognostic value of changes in gene expression during the initial stages of graft damage. At such time point, a change in treatment regimen and dosage is expected to have maximum potency to minimize future decline in graft function. Both mRNA and microRNAs have shown promising results in both detection and prediction of graft injury. An advantage of microRNAs compared to mRNA molecules is their stability, a characteristic that is beneficial when working with urine samples. In this review, we provide the current state of urinary biomarkers in renal transplantation, with a focus on urinary microRNA. In addition, we discuss the methods used to study urinary microRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. van de Vrie
- Department of NephrologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - J. K. Deegens
- Department of NephrologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - M. Eikmans
- Department of ImmunohematologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - J. van der Vlag
- Department of NephrologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - L. B. Hilbrands
- Department of NephrologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
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91
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Yang F, Lu J, Yu Y, Gong Y. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in Cyclosporine A-induced rat gingival overgrowth. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 81:48-55. [PMID: 28472720 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been proved to occur in drug-induced gingival overgrowth. However, the specific pathogenic mechanism remains uncertain. The aim of this study is to examine the expression of EMT markers in cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced gingival overgrowth in rat models. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received CsA therapy subcutaneously in a daily dose of 10mg/kg, and the other group was used as a control. Six rats per group were sacrificed at 20, 40 and 60days, and the gingivae were obtained. The expression of TGF-β1, E-Cadherin, ZEB1, ZEB2, and Snail1 were examined by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. In addition, a group of microRNAs associated with EMT and fibrosis were also detected in gingival tissue by qRT-PCR. RESULTS The mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β1, ZEB1, and ZEB2 in gingivae were significantly upregulated after 40 and 60days of CsA administration. Conversely, the levels of E-cadherin were significantly downregulated in overgrowth sample at day 40 and 60. Intense immunohistochemmical staining for TGF-β1 were observed in the samples from CsA group at day 40 and 60. Concomitantly, the densities of E-cadherin were gradually decreased in the basal layers of epithelium with time. Three members of miR-200s (miR-200a, miR-200b and miR-200c) were significantly downregulated in CsA-treated rats at 40 and 60days, while miR-9, miR-23a and miR-155 were significantly upregulated when compared with those of the control group. CONCLUSIONS The process of EMT in CsA-induced rat gingival overgrowth is associated with increased expression of TGF-β1, ZEB1, and ZEB2, and decreased expression of E-cadherin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology. Shanghai, China
| | - Youcheng Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yiming Gong
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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92
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Cyclosporine A alters expression of renal microRNAs: New insights into calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175242. [PMID: 28414804 PMCID: PMC5393575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin inhibitors are powerful immunosuppressants that revolutionized organ transplantation. However, non-immune effects of the calcineurin inhibitor, such as cyclosporine A (CsA), have significantly hindered their use. Specifically, nephrotoxicity, which is associated with tubulointerstitial fibrosis, inflammation, and podocyte damage, affects up to half of all transplant patients. Calcineurin is involved in many aspects of kidney development and function; therefore, mechanisms of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity are complex and not yet fully understood. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate protein-coding RNA expression through post-translational repression of target messenger RNAs. MicroRNA dysregulation is known to be involved in kidney diseases including fibrosis. In this study, we compared the renal microRNA expression profiles between mice that received CsA (20 mg/kg) or vehicle daily for six weeks. The results demonstrate that CsA induces significant changes in renal microRNA expression profile. We used combined criteria of False Discovery Rate (≤0.1), fold change (≥2) and median signal strength (≥50) and identified 76 differencially expressed microRNAs. This approach identified microRNAs previously linked to renal fibrosis that includes let-7d, miR-21, miR-29, miR-30, miR-130, miR-192, and miR-200 as well as microRNAs that have not been reported to be related to nephrotoxicity or immunosuppression. Pathway analysis of microRNA/mRNA changes highlights the Wnt, TGF-β, mTOR, and VEGF pathways. The mRNA expression profiles were compared in the same samples. The change of mRNA and microRNA profiles showed close correlations. To validate that the observed microRNA and mRNA expression level changes in mice kidney tissue were directly related to CsA treatment, the expression change induced by CsA treatment of three microRNAs (miR-21, miR-186, and miR-709) and three mRNAs (BMPR1a, SMURF1 and SMAD7) were compared in HEK293 cell line. A similar trend of expression level change was induced by CsA treatment in all selected microRNAs and mRNAs in the in vitro cell model. These data provide a roadmap for future work to study the role of the known and novel candidate microRNAs in the mechanism of nephrotoxicity and their further therapeutic potential.
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93
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Zhao Z, Wang S, Lin Y, Miao Y, Zeng Y, Nie Y, Guo P, Jiang G, Wu J. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer: Role of the IL-8/IL-8R axis. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4577-4584. [PMID: 28599458 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process that is associated with cancer metastasis and invasion. In cancer, EMT promotes cell motility, invasion and distant metastasis. Interleukin (IL)-8 is highly expressed in tumors and may induce EMT. The IL-8/IL-8R axis has a vital role in EMT in carcinoma, which is regulated by several signaling pathways, including the transforming growth factor β-spleen associated tyrosine kinase/Src-AKT/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38/Jun N-terminal kinase-activating transcription factor-2, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT, nuclear factor-κB and Wnt signaling pathways. Blocking the IL-8/IL-8R signaling pathway may be a novel strategy to reduce metastasis and improve patient survival rates. This review will cover IL-8-IL-8R signaling pathway in tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhao
- West China Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shichao Wang
- West China Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,School of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Yingbo Lin
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Cancer Centre Karolinska, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yali Miao
- West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zeng
- West China Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Nie
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- West China Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Guangyao Jiang
- Outpatient Building, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Wu
- West China Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,School of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
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Ma C, Wei F, Xia H, Liu H, Dong X, Zhang Y, Luo Q, Liu Y, Li Y. MicroRNA-10b mediates TGF-β1-regulated glioblastoma proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1739-1748. [PMID: 28393237 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is well known that exaggerated proliferation, metastasis and the mesenchymal subtype is related with worst prognoses in glioblastoma (GBM) and that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a potent factor in regulating the proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype of GBM, the detailed mechanisms are still far from elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs which play critical roles in various diseases by regulating target gene expression. We report that miR-10b, a molecule downstream of TGF-β1, is involved in TGF-β1-regulated GBM cell proliferation, migration and EMT. We found that exposure of GBM cells to TGF-β1 significantly upregulated miR-10b expression. Overexpression of miR-10b promotes GBM cell proliferation, migration and EMT, whereas depletion of miR-10b obtained reverse effects. Further studies uncovered that some tumor-associated genes including epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (Apaf-1) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) are target genes of miR-10b. In human GBM xenografts, antagomiR directed against miR-10b markedly suppressed tumor growth, and the tumor volume shrunk from 1252.5±285 to 873.4±205 mm3 after antagomiR‑10b treatment for 3 weeks compared with the control group (P<0.01). Taken together, our data collectively demonstrate that the proliferation, migration and EMT features of GBM cells can be regulated by TGF-β1 stimulation through controlling miR-10b. Thus, our findings provide a rationale for targeting TGF-β1 or miR-10b for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Huan Xia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Haiyu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xuechao Dong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yandong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Luo
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory of PLA, The Eleventh Institute of Academy of Military Medical Sciences of PLA, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory of PLA, The Eleventh Institute of Academy of Military Medical Sciences of PLA, Changchun, Jilin 130122, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Chronic treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer cells with gefitinib leads to an epigenetic loss of epithelial properties associated with reductions in microRNA-155 and -200c. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172115. [PMID: 28225782 PMCID: PMC5321411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib is used in therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its application is limited by resistance-accelerated disease progression, which is accompanied by the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the present study, we performed multiple expression analyses of microRNAs (miRNAs) and quantified the expression of several related EMT players in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells. Methods and results To establish gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells, gefitinib-sensitive HCC827 cells, which exhibit an in-frame deletion [E746-A750] in EGFR exon 19, were exposed to gefitinib for at least 1.5 months. Next, to profile “gefitinib-resistant HCC827 (HCC827GR)” cells, which have a secondary T790M mutation in EGFR exon 20, a miRNA array analysis was performed in HCC827 and HCC827GR cells. The greatest differences were seen in the levels of miR-155 and miR-200c, which essentially disappeared in HCC827GR cells. In addition to these reductions, the levels of smad2 and zeb1, which are both key players in EMT and targets for miR-155 and miR-200c, respectively, were dramatically increased in HCC827GR cells. In HCC827GR cells, the expression of epithelial-cadherin (E-cadherin) was greatly reduced with repressive histone modifications, whereas vimentin, which is expressed in mesenchymal cells, was dramatically increased with active histone modifications. In another gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell line (H1975 cells), similar to the findings in HCC827GR cells, both miR-155 and miR-200c were absent, and the EMT was induced along with epigenetic modifications. Interestingly, the inhibition of both miR-155 and miR-200c in HCC827 cells without gefitinib induced significant increases in smad2 and zeb1 along with a dramatic decrease in E-cadherin and a slight increase in vimentin. Furthermore, although the inhibition of these miRNAs in HCC827 cells decreased gefitinib sensitivity, this dual-inhibition in HCC827 cells without gefitinib did not produce a secondary T790M mutation in EGFR exon 20. Conclusion and implications These results suggest that chronic treatment of NSCLC cells with gefitinib changes the expression of miRNAs, including dramatic reductions in miR-155 and miR-200c along with an EGFR mutation. Furthermore, this depletion of miR-155 and miR-200c may be associated with the EMT along with histone modifications, and may contribute to the decrease in the sensitivity to gefitinib independent of a secondary EGFR mutation.
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Pan Q, Meng L, Ye J, Wei X, Shang Y, Tian Y, He Y, Peng Z, Chen L, Chen W, Bian X, Wang R. Transcriptional repression of miR-200 family members by Nanog in colon cancer cells induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cancer Lett 2017; 392:26-38. [PMID: 28163188 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanog is an important embryonic stem cell (ESC) gene that does not function as a classical oncogene, but needs to cooperate with other molecules to potentiate tumorigenic activity. The question addressed by the present study was whether a miRNA link exists between Nanog and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) plasticity. Here, we found that Nanog mRNA expression level was inversely correlated with miR-200c and miR-200b expression levels in colon cancer cell lines and human colorectal cancer tissues. Forced Nanog expression in low-Nanog colon cancer cells inhibited miR-200c and miR-200b expression, and interfered Nanog expression in high-Nanog colon cancer cells promoted miR-200c and miR-200b expression. Furthermore, we confirmed that Nanog directly repressed transcription of the miR-200c and miR-200b genes, and miR-200c and miR-200b mediated Nanog-induced EMT occurrence. Luciferase and ChIP assays determined that Nanog bound directly to the potential Nanog binding sites in the miR-200c and miR-200b promoters and repressed their transcription. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Nanog modulates EMT-MET plasticity by regulating miR-200 clusters via a direct transcriptional mechanism, and the Nanog-miR-200 axis may be a good therapeutic target for CRC control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Linkun Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Yangyang Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Yin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Yonghong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Zhihong Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Wensheng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xiuwu Bian
- Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Rongquan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
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de Almeida DC, Bassi ÊJ, Azevedo H, Anderson L, Origassa CST, Cenedeze MA, de Andrade-Oliveira V, Felizardo RJF, da Silva RC, Hiyane MI, Semedo P, Dos Reis MA, Moreira-Filho CA, Verjovski-Almeida S, Pacheco-Silva Á, Câmara NOS. A Regulatory miRNA-mRNA Network Is Associated with Tissue Repair Induced by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Acute Kidney Injury. Front Immunol 2017; 7:645. [PMID: 28096802 PMCID: PMC5206861 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) orchestrate tissue repair by releasing cell-derived microvesicles (MVs), which, presumably by small RNA species, modulate global gene expression. The knowledge of miRNA/mRNA signatures linked to a reparative status may elucidate some of the molecular events associated with MSC protection. Here, we used a model of cisplatin-induced kidney injury (acute kidney injury) to assess how MSCs or MVs could restore tissue function. MSCs and MVs presented similar protective effects, which were evidenced in vivo and in vitro by modulating apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and a set of prosurvival molecules. In addition, we observed that miRNAs (i.e., miR-880, miR-141, miR-377, and miR-21) were modulated, thereby showing active participation on regenerative process. Subsequently, we identified that MSC regulates a particular miRNA subset which mRNA targets are associated with Wnt/TGF-β, fibrosis, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition signaling pathways. Our results suggest that MSCs release MVs that transcriptionally reprogram injured cells, thereby modulating a specific miRNA–mRNA network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Candido de Almeida
- Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ênio Jose Bassi
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Hatylas Azevedo
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Letícia Anderson
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Antônio Cenedeze
- Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | | | - Reinaldo Correia da Silva
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Meire Ioshie Hiyane
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Patricia Semedo
- Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | | | - Sergio Verjovski-Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Pacheco-Silva
- Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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98
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Zununi Vahed S, Omidi Y, Ardalan M, Samadi N. Dysregulation of urinary miR-21 and miR-200b associated with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) in renal transplant recipients. Clin Biochem 2017; 50:32-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Civantos E, Bosch E, Ramirez E, Zhenyukh O, Egido J, Lorenzo O, Mas S. Sitagliptin ameliorates oxidative stress in experimental diabetic nephropathy by diminishing the miR-200a/Keap-1/Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2017; 10:207-222. [PMID: 28652790 PMCID: PMC5473486 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s132537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor used in type 2 diabetes therapy, has demonstrated protective effects in diabetic chronic kidney disease, in part due to its pleiotropic actions. However, its potential direct effects on the kidney are still not completely defined. Here, by means of proteomics and miRNA profiling, we have further unveiled the role of sitagliptin in oxidative stress, as well as the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Renal cortex samples from 9-month-old wild-type (Wistar), type II diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) and sitagliptin-treated GK rats (GK+Sita) (10 mg kg-1 per day) were subjected to quantitative miRNA transcriptomic array, immunohistochemistry and Western blot studies. Renal GK and GK+Sita samples were also analyzed by differential in-gel electrophoresis. Bioinformatic tools were used to find out the relationships between altered proteins and related miRNA expression. Studies were also carried out in cultured tubular cells to confirm in vivo data. RESULTS Diabetic GK rats exhibited proteinuria, renal interstitial inflammatory infiltrates and fibrosis, which improved by 20 weeks of sitagliptin treatment. Proteomic analysis of diabetic GK and Wistar rats showed a differential expression of 39 proteins mostly related to oxidative stress and catabolism. In addition, 15 miRNAs were also significantly altered in GK rats. CONCLUSION Treatment with sitagliptin was associated with modulation of antioxidant response in the diabetic kidney, involving a downregulation of miR-200a, a novel Keap-1 inhibitor and miR-21, coincidentally with the clinical and the morphological improvement. These data further support the concept that DPP-4 inhibitors could exert a direct reno-protective effect in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Civantos
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University
- CIBERDEM (Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders), Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: Esther Civantos, Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain, Email
| | - Enrique Bosch
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University
| | - Elisa Ramirez
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University
| | - Olha Zhenyukh
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University
| | - Jesús Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University
- CIBERDEM (Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Lorenzo
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University
- CIBERDEM (Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastián Mas
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University
- CIBERDEM (Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders), Madrid, Spain
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100
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Zou XZ, Liu T, Gong ZC, Hu CP, Zhang Z. MicroRNAs-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in fibrotic diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 796:190-206. [PMID: 27916556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a large family of small and highly conserved non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression through translational repression or mRNA degradation. Aberrant expression of miRNAs underlies a spectrum of diseases including organ fibrosis. Recent evidence suggests that miRNAs contribute to organ fibrosis through mediating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Alleviation of EMT has been proposed as a promising strategy against fibrotic diseases given the key role of EMT in fibrosis. miRNAs impact the expression of specific ligands, receptors, and signaling pathways, thus modulating EMT and consequently influencing fibrosis. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning how miRNAs regulate EMT and highlights the specific roles that miRNAs-regulated EMT plays in fibrotic diseases as diverse as pulmonary fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis, renal fibrosis and cardiac fibrosis. It is desirable that a more comprehensive understanding of the functions of miRNAs-regulated EMT will facilitate the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for various debilitating organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhou Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chang-Ping Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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