51
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Borghei YS, Hosseini M. An approach toward miRNA detection via different thermo-responsive aggregation/disaggregation of CdTe quantum dots. RSC Adv 2018; 8:30148-30154. [PMID: 35546848 PMCID: PMC9085396 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04257h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel and “light shift” spectral method for the detection of miRNA based on different thermal-responsive aggregation/disaggregation of CdTe quantum dots was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Sadat Borghei
- Department of Life Science Engineering
- Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Morteza Hosseini
- Department of Life Science Engineering
- Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
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52
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Telomeres, Aging and Exercise: Guilty by Association? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122573. [PMID: 29186077 PMCID: PMC5751176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive tandem DNA sequences that cap chromosomal ends protecting genomic DNA from enzymatic degradation. Telomeres progressively shorten with cellular replication and are therefore assumed to correlate with biological and chronological age. An expanding body of evidence suggests (i) a predictable inverse association between telomere length, aging and age-related diseases and (ii) a positive association between physical activity and telomere length. Both hypotheses have garnered tremendous research attention and broad consensus; however, the evidence for each proposition is inconsistent and equivocal at best. Telomere length does not meet the basic criteria for an aging biomarker and at least 50% of key studies fail to find associations with physical activity. In this review, we address the evidence in support and refutation of the putative associations between telomere length, aging and physical activity. We finish with a brief review of plausible mechanisms and potential future research directions.
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53
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MicroRNA-346 facilitates cell growth and metastasis, and suppresses cell apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer by regulation of XPC/ERK/Snail/E-cadherin pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2509-2524. [PMID: 27777383 PMCID: PMC5115903 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Determinants of growth and metastasis in cancer remain of great interest to define. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have frequently emerged as tumor metastatic regulator by acting on multiple signaling pathways. Here we report the definition of miR-346 as a novel oncogenic microRNA that facilitates non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell growth and metastasis. XPC, an important DNA damage recognition factor in nucleotide excision repair was defined as a target for down-regulation by miR-346, functioning through direct interaction with the 3′-UTR of XPC mRNA. Blocking miR-346 by an antagomiR was sufficient to inhibit NSCLC cell growth and metastasis, an effect that could be phenol-copied by RNAi-mediated silencing of XPC. In vivo studies established that miR-346 overexpression was sufficient to promote tumor growth by A549 cells in xenografts mice, relative to control cells. Overall, our results defined miR-346 as an oncogenic miRNA in NSCLC, the levels of which contributed to tumor growth and invasive aggressiveness.
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54
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Dinami R, Buemi V, Sestito R, Zappone A, Ciani Y, Mano M, Petti E, Sacconi A, Blandino G, Giacca M, Piazza S, Benetti R, Schoeftner S. Epigenetic silencing of miR-296 and miR-512 ensures hTERT dependent apoptosis protection and telomere maintenance in basal-type breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:95674-95691. [PMID: 29221158 PMCID: PMC5707052 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic subunit of the telomerase complex, hTERT, ensures unlimited proliferative potential of cancer cells by maintaining telomere function and protecting from apoptosis. Using a miRNA screening approach we identified miR-296-5p and miR-512-5p as miRNAs that target hTERT in breast cancer cells. Ectopic miR-296-5p and miR-512-5p reduce telomerase activity, drive telomere shortening and cause proliferation defects by enhancing senescence and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. In line with the relevance of hTERT expression for human cancer we found that miR-296-5p and miR-512-5p expression is reduced in human breast cancer. Accordingly, high expression of miR-296-5p and miR-512-5p target genes including hTERT is linked with significantly reduced distant metastasis free survival and relapse free survival of basal type breast cancer patients. This suggests relevance of the identified miRNAs in basal type breast cancer. Epigenetic silencing of miR-296 and miR-512 encoding genes is responsible for low levels of miR-296-5p and miR-512-5p expression in basal type breast cancer cells. Disrupting gene silencing results in a dramatic upregulation of miR-296-5p and miR-512-5p levels leading to reduced hTERT expression and increased sensitivity to the induction of apoptosis. Altogether, our data suggest that epigenetic regulatory circuits in basal type breast cancer may contribute to high hTERT levels by silencing miR-296-5p and miR-512-5p expression, thereby contributing to the aggressiveness of basal type breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Dinami
- Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB), Genomic Stability Unit, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Italian National Cancer Institute, Regina Elena, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Valentina Buemi
- Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB), Genomic Stability Unit, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Rosanna Sestito
- Italian National Cancer Institute, Regina Elena, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Antonina Zappone
- Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB), Genomic Stability Unit, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Yari Ciani
- Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB), Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Unit (BFGU), Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Miguel Mano
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Eleonora Petti
- Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB), Genomic Stability Unit, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Italian National Cancer Institute, Regina Elena, Rome 00144, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Italian National Cancer Institute, Regina Elena, Translational Oncogenomics Group, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Italian National Cancer Institute, Regina Elena, Translational Oncogenomics Group, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB), Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Unit (BFGU), Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Roberta Benetti
- Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB), Cancer Epigenetics Unit, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Stefan Schoeftner
- Laboratorio Nazionale Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB), Genomic Stability Unit, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Italian National Cancer Institute, Regina Elena, Rome 00144, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
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55
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Markopoulos GS, Roupakia E, Tokamani M, Chavdoula E, Hatziapostolou M, Polytarchou C, Marcu KB, Papavassiliou AG, Sandaltzopoulos R, Kolettas E. A step-by-step microRNA guide to cancer development and metastasis. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:303-339. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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56
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Shen SQ, Huang LS, Xiao XL, Zhu XF, Xiong DD, Cao XM, Wei KL, Chen G, Feng ZB. miR-204 regulates the biological behavior of breast cancer MCF-7 cells by directly targeting FOXA1. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:368-376. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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57
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Williams J, Smith F, Kumar S, Vijayan M, Reddy PH. Are microRNAs true sensors of ageing and cellular senescence? Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:350-363. [PMID: 27903442 PMCID: PMC5357446 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
All living beings are programmed to death due to aging and age-related processes. Aging is a normal process of every living species. While all cells are inevitably progressing towards death, many disease processes accelerate the aging process, leading to senescence. Pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and skin diseases have been associated with deregulated aging. Healthy aging can delay onset of all age-related diseases. Genetics and epigenetics are reported to play large roles in accelerating and/or delaying the onset of age-related diseases. Cellular mechanisms of aging and age-related diseases are not completely understood. However, recent molecular biology discoveries have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential sensors of aging and cellular senescence. Due to miRNAs capability to bind to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA of specific genes, miRNAs can prevent the translation of specific genes. The purpose of our article is to highlight recent advancements in miRNAs and their involvement in cellular changes in aging and senescence. Our article discusses the current understanding of cellular senescence, its interplay with miRNAs regulation, and how they both contribute to disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Williams
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Flint Smith
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Murali Vijayan
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Neuroscience & Pharmacology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Neurology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Departments, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Garrison Institute on Aging, South West Campus, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 6630 S. Quaker Suite E, MS 7495, Lubbock, TX 79413, United States.
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58
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Ji H, Tian D, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Yan D, Wu S. Overexpression of miR-155 in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma and its oncogenic effect through targeting FOXO3a. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2286-2292. [PMID: 28565840 PMCID: PMC5443202 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is overexpressed in numerous human cancer types and has an oncogenic role. Previous study has revealed that miR-155 serves an important role in the progression of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); however, the underlying mechanism was not completely clarified. The present study aimed to investigate the biological role of miR-155 in ccRCC and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The expression of miR-155 in 20 ccRCC and adjacent normal kidney tissues was determined by PCR. After downregulation of miR-155 expression by miR-155 inhibitor, cell growth was assessed by MTT and colony formation assays. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell invasion and migration was detected by wound healing and Transwell assays. Furthermore, forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) mRNA and protein expression were detected by PCR and immunoblotting. The expression of FOXO3a in 20 ccRCC tissues was also examined by immunohistochemistry. The expression of miR-155 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues compared to that in adjacent normal tissues. Inhibition of miR-155 significantly suppressed the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, and induced G1 arrest and apoptosis of ccRCC cells in vitro. Moreover, inhibition of miR-155 significantly upregulated FOXO3a expression, and miR-155 expression was inversely correlated with FOXO3a expression in ccRCC tissues. In conclusion, miR-155 may have an important role in the genesis of ccRCC through targeting FOXO3a and may be a potential target for ccRCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ji
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Dong Tian
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Dongliang Yan
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Shuhua Wu
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
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59
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Prattichizzo F, Micolucci L, Cricca M, De Carolis S, Mensà E, Ceriello A, Procopio AD, Bonafè M, Olivieri F. Exosome-based immunomodulation during aging: A nano-perspective on inflamm-aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 168:44-53. [PMID: 28259747 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are nanovesicles formed by inward budding of endosomal membranes. They exert complex immunomodulatory effects on target cells, acting both as antigen-presenting vesicles and as shuttles for packets of information such as proteins, coding and non-coding RNA, and nuclear and mitochondrial DNA fragments. Albeit different, all such functions seem to be encompassed in the adaptive mechanism mediating the complex interactions of the organism with a variety of stressors, providing both for defense and for the evolution of symbiotic relationships with others organisms (gut microbiota, bacteria, and viruses). Intriguingly, the newly deciphered human virome and exosome biogenesis seem to share some physical-chemical characteristics and molecular mechanisms. Exosomes are involved in immune system recognition of self from non-self throughout life: they are therefore ideal candidate to modulate inflamm-aging, the chronic, systemic, age-related pro-inflammatory status, which influence the development/progression of the most common age-related diseases (ARDs). Not surprisingly, recent evidence has documented exosomal alteration during aging and in association with ARDs, even though data in this field are still limited. Here, we review current knowledge on exosome-based trafficking between immune cells and self/non-self cells (i.e. the virome), sketching a nano-perspective on inflamm-aging and on the mechanisms involved in health maintenance throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Prattichizzo
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS) and Centre of Biomedical Investigation on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Network (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luigina Micolucci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Cricca
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina De Carolis
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mensà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Ceriello
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS) and Centre of Biomedical Investigation on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Network (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, National Institute INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS) and Centre of Biomedical Investigation on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Network (CIBERDEM), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, National Institute INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy.
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60
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Li N, Xie C, Lu N. Crosstalk between Hippo signalling and miRNAs in tumour progression. FEBS J 2017; 284:1045-1055. [PMID: 27973704 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway co-ordinately modulates cell regeneration and organ size, and its deregulation contributes to tumorigenesis through many cellular processes, including overproliferation, apoptosis resistance and cell migration. Recent discoveries have shed new light on how microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely linked to the Hippo pathway in tumour progression. Hippo signalling has been reported to affect widespread miRNA biogenesis. In turn, several miRNAs regulate Hippo signalling, which contributes to carcinogenesis. This article will provide an overview of the crosstalk between Hippo signalling and miRNAs in the development of cancer and further appraise potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
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61
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Reddy P, Williams J, Smith F, Bhatti J, Kumar S, Vijayan M, Kandimalla R, Kuruva C, Wang R, Manczak M, Yin X, Reddy A. MicroRNAs, Aging, Cellular Senescence, and Alzheimer's Disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 146:127-171. [PMID: 28253983 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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62
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Sun C, Huang C, Li S, Yang C, Xi Y, Wang L, Zhang F, Fu Y, Li D. Hsa-miR-326 targets CCND1 and inhibits non-small cell lung cancer development. Oncotarget 2016; 7:8341-59. [PMID: 26840018 PMCID: PMC4884997 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hsa-miRNA-326 (miR-326) has recently been discovered having anticancer efficacy in different organs. However, the role of miR-326 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still ambiguous. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-326 on the development of NSCLC. The results indicated that miR-326 was significantly down-regulated in primary tumor tissues and very low levels were found in NSCLC cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-326 in NSCLC cell lines significantly suppressed cell growth as evidenced by cell viability assay, colony formation assay and BrdU staining, through inhibition of cyclin D1, cyclin D2, CDK4 and up-regulation of p57(Kip2) and p21(Waf1/Cip1). In addition, miR-326 induced apoptosis, as indicated by concomitantly with up-regulation of key apoptosis protein cleaved caspase-3, and down-regulation of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl2. Moreover, miR-326 inhibited cellular migration and invasiveness through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-7 and MMP-9. Further, oncogene CCND1 was revealed to be a putative target of miR-326, which was inversely correlated with miR-326 expression in NSCLC. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR-326 played a pivotal role on NSCLC through inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoting apoptosis by targeting oncogenic CCND1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcao Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P.R.China
| | - Chuanfeng Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P.R.China.,Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School, Nanyang Medical College, 473003 Nanyang, P.R.China
| | - Shujun Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P.R.China.,Wuhan Hospital for The Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, 430071 Wuhan, P.R.China
| | - Cuili Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P.R.China
| | - Yongyong Xi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P.R.China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P.R.China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P.R.China
| | - Yunfeng Fu
- The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Dejia Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P.R.China
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63
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Olivieri F, Albertini MC, Orciani M, Ceka A, Cricca M, Procopio AD, Bonafè M. DNA damage response (DDR) and senescence: shuttled inflamma-miRNAs on the stage of inflamm-aging. Oncotarget 2016; 6:35509-21. [PMID: 26431329 PMCID: PMC4742121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A major issue in aging research is how cellular phenomena affect aging at the systemic level. Emerging evidence suggests that DNA damage response (DDR) signaling is a key mechanism linking DNA damage accumulation, cell senescence, and organism aging. DDR activation in senescent cells promotes acquisition of a proinflammatory secretory phenotype (SASP), which in turn elicits DDR and SASP activation in neighboring cells, thereby creating a proinflammatory environment extending at the local and eventually the systemic level. DDR activation is triggered by genomic lesions as well as emerging bacterial and viral metagenomes. Therefore, the buildup of cells with an activated DDR probably fuels inflamm-aging and predisposes to the development of the major age-related diseases (ARDs). Micro (mi)-RNAs - non-coding RNAs involved in gene expression modulation - are released locally and systemically by a variety of shuttles (exosomes, lipoproteins, proteins) that likely affect the efficiency of their biological effects. Here we suggest that some miRNAs, previously found to be associated with inflammation and senescence - miR-146, miR-155, and miR-21 - play a central role in the interplay among DDR, cell senescence and inflamm-aging. The identification of the functions of shuttled senescence-associated miRNAs is expected to shed light on the aging process and on how to delay ARD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Albertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Monia Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Artan Ceka
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Cricca
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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64
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Sun KY, Peng T, Chen Z, Huang J, Zhou XH. MicroRNA-1275 suppresses cell growth, and retards G1/S transition in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma by down-regulation of HOXB5. J Cell Commun Signal 2016; 10:305-314. [PMID: 27644407 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-016-0351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Through analysis of a reported microarray-based high-throughput examination, we found that miR-1275 was significantly down-regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). While its role and mechanism participated in NPC progression are still little known. Here, we explored the effect of miR-1275 on the progression of NPC. Results demonstrated that miR-1275 was markedly down-regulated in NPC tissues and cell lines. MiR-1275 markedly repressed cell growth as confirmed by CCK8 and colony formation assay, via inhibition of HOXB5 in NPC cell lines. Moreover, miR-1275 suppressed G1/S transition via inhibition of HOXB5. Further, oncogene HOXB5 was evidenced to be a potential target of miR-1275, and its expression was conversely correlated with miR-1275 expression in NPC. Collectively, our study indicated that miR-1275, a tumor suppressor, played a critical effect on NPC progression via inhibition of cell growth, and suppression of G1/S transition by targeting oncogenic HOXB5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ZhongNan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ZhongNan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ZhongNan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ZhongNan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Hong Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ZhongNan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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65
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Mao M, Wu Z, Chen J. MicroRNA-187-5p suppresses cancer cell progression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through down-regulation of CYP1B1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:649-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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66
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The effects of low-level laser irradiation on breast tumor in mice and the expression of Let-7a, miR-155, miR-21, miR125, and miR376b. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1775-1782. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2049-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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67
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Pan Y, Guo Y, Luo Y, Li H, Xu Y. MicroRNA expression profiling of Chinese follicular lymphoma by microarray: A preliminary study. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 39:41-47. [PMID: 27409728 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely regarded as crucial regulators in various biological processes involved in carcinogenesis. However, the comprehensive miRNA profiles of Chinese follicular lymphoma (FL) remains completely unknown. METHODS The Exiqon miRCURY LNA™ microRNA Array (v.18.0) was used to detect the miRNA expression profiles of three Chinese FL samples, and compared to three reactive lymphatic nodes (RLN). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to confirm the selected miRNAs in different series. Three databases (miRAnda, miRBase and TargetScan) were used to predict the putative target genes. Bioinformatic analysis (gene ontology analysis and pathway analysis) was performed for further evaluation. RESULTS The microarray assay demonstrated that 1643 miRNAs were expressed; in which 103 miRNAs were upregulated and 68 miRNAs were downregulated, according to P-value (<0.05) and fold change (FC>2-fold). Furthermore, qRT-PCR was used to confirm that miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p and miR-19a-3p were upregulated, and miR-3615 was downregulated (P<0.05). Bioinformatic analysis (gene ontology analysis and pathway analysis) was used for further evaluation. Pathway analysis indicated that 25 pathways corresponded to differentially expressed miRNAs (P-value cut-off is 0.05). Furthermore, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p and miR-19a-3p were validated by qRT-PCR in an independent series including five FL3a and five RLN cases. Data analysis revealed that the changing trend of miR-19a-3p and miR-17-5p expression in the independent series was basically identical with that of the microarray data. CONCLUSIONS Our results are the first to reveal the miRNA expression profiling of Chinese FL and three upregulated miRNAs. Furthermore, the expression of miR-19a-3p and miR-17-5p were found to be significantly upregulated in FL3a. Further study needs to be urgently performed to reveal its potential role in the pathogenesis of FL in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pan
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Ye Luo
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
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68
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Ezzat WM, Amr KS, Raouf HA, Elhosary YA, Hegazy AE, Fahim HH, Kamel RR. Relationship Between Serum microRNA155 and Telomerase Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Arch Med Res 2016; 47:349-355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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69
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Huang Q, Xiao B, Ma X, Qu M, Li Y, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M, Zhou J. MicroRNAs associated with the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2016; 295-296:148-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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70
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How Diet Intervention via Modulation of DNA Damage Response through MicroRNAs May Have an Effect on Cancer Prevention and Aging, an in Silico Study. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050752. [PMID: 27213347 PMCID: PMC4881573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a molecular mechanism that cells have evolved to sense DNA damage (DD) to promote DNA repair, or to lead to apoptosis, or cellular senescence if the damage is too extensive. Recent evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRs) play a critical role in the regulation of DDR. Dietary bioactive compounds through miRs may affect activity of numerous genes. Among the most studied bioactive compounds modulating expression of miRs are epi-gallocatechin-3-gallate, curcumin, resveratrol and n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids. To compare the impact of these dietary compounds on DD/DDR network modulation, we performed a literature search and an in silico analysis by the DIANA-mirPathv3 software. The in silico analysis allowed us to identify pathways shared by different miRs involved in DD/DDR vis-à-vis the specific compounds. The results demonstrate that certain miRs (e.g., -146, -21) play a central role in the interplay among DD/DDR and the bioactive compounds. Furthermore, some specific pathways, such as "fatty acids biosynthesis/metabolism", "extracellular matrix-receptor interaction" and "signaling regulating the pluripotency of stem cells", appear to be targeted by most miRs affected by the studied compounds. Since DD/DDR and these pathways are strongly related to aging and carcinogenesis, the present in silico results of our study suggest that monitoring the induction of specific miRs may provide the means to assess the antiaging and chemopreventive properties of particular dietary compounds.
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71
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Chen G, Hu J, Huang Z, Yang L, Chen M. MicroRNA-1976 functions as a tumor suppressor and serves as a prognostic indicator in non-small cell lung cancer by directly targeting PLCE1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:1144-1151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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72
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He XH, Zhu W, Yuan P, Jiang S, Li D, Zhang HW, Liu MF. miR-155 downregulates ErbB2 and suppresses ErbB2-induced malignant transformation of breast epithelial cells. Oncogene 2016; 35:6015-6025. [PMID: 27065318 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ErbB2 is a vital breast cancer gene and its overexpression has a decisive role in breast tumor initiation and malignant progression. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie ErbB2 dysregulation in breast cancer cells remain incompletely understood. In this study, we found that ErbB2 expression is inversely correlated with the level of miR-155, a well-documented oncogenic miRNA, in ErbB2-positive breast tumors. We further determined that miR-155 potently suppresses ErbB2 in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, miR-155 acts to downregulate ErbB2 via two distinct mechanisms. First, miR-155 represses ErbB2 transcription by targeting HDAC2, a transcriptional activator of ErbB2. Second, miR-155 directly targets ErbB2 via a regulatory element in its coding region. Intriguingly, miR-155 is upregulated by trastuzumab and in turn leads to a reduction of ErbB2 expression in trastuzumab-treated ErbB2-positive breast cancer cells. Functional studies showed that miR-155 inhibits ErbB2-induced malignant transformation of human breast epithelial cells. Thus, our findings reveal an intriguing miR-155-ErbB2 context in regulating the malignant transformation of breast epithelial cells, and thereby indicate a novel mode of action for miR-155 in ErbB2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-H He
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - W Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - P Yuan
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - S Jiang
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - D Li
- Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - H-W Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - M-F Liu
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
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73
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Salvador MA, Birnbaum D, Charafe-Jauffret E, Ginestier C. Breast cancer stem cells programs: enter the (non)-code. Brief Funct Genomics 2016; 15:186-99. [PMID: 26955842 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elw003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast tumors exhibit a hierarchical cellular organization driven by several subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs). These breast CSC subpopulations are able to infinitely self-renew and to differentiate, giving rise to tumor heterogeneity. Accumulating evidence show that breast CSCs resist conventional therapies and i`nitiate tumor relapse. The development of anti-CSCs therapies may therefore greatly improve patient survival. A better elucidation of molecular circuitries involved in stemness would offer new relevant targets. Noncoding RNAs, especially microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, are regulators of cell identity and are notably found deregulated in breast CSCs. This review will focus on noncoding RNAs involved in CSCs biology during breast cancer initiation, maintenance, therapeutic resistance and metastatic progression. Potential clinical applications using noncoding RNAs as biomarkers or therapies will be discussed.
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74
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Telomere Length Maintenance and Cardio-Metabolic Disease Prevention Through Exercise Training. Sports Med 2016; 46:1213-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-016-0482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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75
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Petti E, Jordi F, Buemi V, Dinami R, Benetti R, Blasco MA, Schoeftner S. Altered telomere homeostasis and resistance to skin carcinogenesis in Suv39h1 transgenic mice. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:1438-46. [PMID: 25789788 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1021517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 H3K9 histone methyltransferases (HMTs) have a conserved role in the formation of constitutive heterochromatin and gene silencing. Using a transgenic mouse model system we demonstrate that elevated expression of Suv39h1 increases global H3K9me3 levels in vivo. More specifically, Suv39h1 overexpression enhances the imposition of H3K9me3 levels at constitutive heterochromatin at telomeric and major satellite repeats in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Chromatin compaction is paralleled by telomere shortening, indicating that telomere length is controlled by H3K9me3 density at telomeres. We further show that increased Suv39h1 levels result in an impaired clonogenic potential of transgenic epidermal stem cells and Ras/E1A transduced transgenic primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Importantly, Suv39h1 overexpression in mice confers resistance to a DMBA/TPA induced skin carcinogenesis protocol that is characterized by the accumulation of activating H-ras mutations. Our results provide genetic evidence that Suv39h1 controls telomere homeostasis and mediates resistance to oncogenic stress in vivo. This identifies Suv39h1 as an interesting target to improve oncogene induced senescence in premalignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Petti
- a Laboratorio Nazionale CIB (LNCIB) - Area Science Park ; Trieste , Italy
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76
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Decoding the Secret of Cancer by Means of Extracellular Vesicles. J Clin Med 2016; 5:jcm5020022. [PMID: 26861408 PMCID: PMC4773778 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the recent outstanding developments in cancer biology is the emergence of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs, which are small membrane vesicles that contain proteins, mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs), are secreted by a variety of cells and have been revealed to play an important role in intercellular communications. These molecules function in the recipient cells; this has brought new insight into cell-cell communication. Recent reports have shown that EVs contribute to cancer cell development, including tumor initiation, angiogenesis, immune surveillance, drug resistance, invasion, metastasis, maintenance of cancer stem cells, and EMT phenotype. In this review, I will summarize recent studies on EV-mediated miRNA transfer in cancer biology. Furthermore, I will also highlight the possibility of novel diagnostics and therapy using miRNAs in EVs against cancer.
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77
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Sun C, Li S, Yang C, Xi Y, Wang L, Zhang F, Li D. MicroRNA-187-3p mitigates non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development through down-regulation of BCL6. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 471:82-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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78
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Pai J, Hyun S, Hyun JY, Park SH, Kim WJ, Bae SH, Kim NK, Yu J, Shin I. Screening of Pre-miRNA-155 Binding Peptides for Apoptosis Inducing Activity Using Peptide Microarrays. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:857-67. [PMID: 26771315 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-155, one of the most potent miRNAs that suppress apoptosis in human cancer, is overexpressed in numerous cancers, and it displays oncogenic activity. Peptide microarrays, constructed by immobilizing 185 peptides containing the C-terminal hydrazide onto epoxide-derivatized glass slides, were employed to evaluate peptide binding properties of pre-miRNA-155 and to identify its binding peptides. Two peptides, which were identified based on the results of peptide microarray and in vitro Dicer inhibition studies, were found to inhibit generation of mature miRNA-155 catalyzed by Dicer and to enhance expression of miRNA-155 target genes in cells. In addition, the results of cell experiments indicate that peptide inhibitors promote apoptotic cell death via a caspase-dependent pathway. Finally, observations made in NMR and molecular modeling studies suggest that a peptide inhibitor preferentially binds to the upper bulge and apical stem-loop region of pre-miRNA-155, thereby suppressing Dicer-mediated miRNA-155 processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoung Pai
- National Creative Research Center for Biofunctional Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Soonsil Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and Education, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ji Young Hyun
- National Creative Research Center for Biofunctional Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- National Creative Research Center for Biofunctional Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Won-Je Kim
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Sung-Hun Bae
- CKD Research Institute , 315-20, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17006, Korea
| | - Nak-Kyoon Kim
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Education, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- National Creative Research Center for Biofunctional Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, Korea
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79
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Chen X, Fan S, Song E. Noncoding RNAs: New Players in Cancers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 927:1-47. [PMID: 27376730 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The world of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) has gained widespread attention in recent years due to their novel and crucial potency of biological regulation. Noncoding RNAs play essential regulatory roles in a broad range of developmental processes and diseases, notably human cancers. Regulatory ncRNAs represent multiple levels of structurally and functionally distinct RNAs, including the best-known microRNAs (miRNAs), the complicated long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and the newly identified circular RNAs (circRNAs). However, the mechanisms by which they act remain elusive. In this chapter, we will review the current knowledge of the ncRNA field, discussing the genomic context, biological functions, and mechanisms of action of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. We also highlight the implications of the biogenesis and gene expression dysregulation of different ncRNA subtypes in the initiation and development of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueman Chen
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siting Fan
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Erwei Song
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, China.
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80
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Klinge CM. miRNAs regulated by estrogens, tamoxifen, and endocrine disruptors and their downstream gene targets. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 418 Pt 3:273-97. [PMID: 25659536 PMCID: PMC4523495 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (22 nucleotides), single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that form complimentary base-pairs with the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs within the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and block translation and/or stimulate mRNA transcript degradation. The non-coding miRBase (release 21, June 2014) reports that human genome contains ∼ 2588 mature miRNAs which regulate ∼ 60% of human protein-coding mRNAs. Dysregulation of miRNA expression has been implicated in estrogen-related diseases including breast cancer and endometrial cancer. The mechanism for estrogen regulation of miRNA expression and the role of estrogen-regulated miRNAs in normal homeostasis, reproduction, lactation, and in cancer is an area of great research and clinical interest. Estrogens regulate miRNA transcription through estrogen receptors α and β in a tissue-specific and cell-dependent manner. This review focuses primarily on the regulation of miRNA expression by ligand-activated ERs and their bona fide gene targets and includes miRNA regulation by tamoxifen and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in breast cancer and cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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81
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MiRNAs and Other Epigenetic Changes as Biomarkers in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28347-76. [PMID: 26633365 PMCID: PMC4691037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterised by the lack of receptors for estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2). Since it cannot be treated by current endocrine therapies which target these receptors and due to its aggressive nature, it has one of the worst prognoses of all breast cancer subtypes. The only treatments remain chemo- and/or radio-therapy and surgery and because of this, novel biomarkers or treatment targets are urgently required to improve disease outcomes. MicroRNAs represent an attractive candidate for targeted therapies against TNBC, due to their natural ability to act as antisense interactors and regulators of entire gene sets involved in malignancy and their superiority over mRNA profiling to accurately classify disease. Here we review the current knowledge regarding miRNAs as biomarkers in TNBC and their potential use as therapeutic targets in this disease. Further, we review other epigenetic changes and interactions of these changes with microRNAs in this breast cancer subtype, which may lead to the discovery of new treatment targets for TNBC.
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82
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Zhang L, Huang X, Zhu X, Ge S, Gilson E, Jia R, Ye J, Fan X. Differential senescence capacities in meibomian gland carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1442-52. [PMID: 26437300 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Meibomian gland carcinoma (MGC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are common eyelid carcinomas that exhibit highly dissimilar degrees of proliferation and prognoses. We address here the question of the differential mechanisms between these two eyelid cancers that explain their different outcome. A total of 102 confirmed MGC and 175 diagnosed BCC cases were analyzed. Twenty confirmed MGC and twenty diagnosed BCC cases were collected to determine the telomere length, the presence of senescent cells, and the expression levels of the telomere capping shelterin complex, P53, and the E3 ubiquitin ligase Siah1. Decreased protein levels of the shelterin subunits, shortened telomere length, over-expressed Ki-67, and Bcl2 as well as mutations in P53 were detected both in MGC and BCC. It suggests that the decreased protein levels of the shelterin complex and the shortened telomere length contribute to the tumorigenesis of MGC and BCC. However, several parameters distinguish MGC from BCC samples: (i) the mRNA level of the shelterin subunits decreased in MGC but it increased in BCC; (ii) P53 was more highly mutated in MGC; (iii) Siah1 mRNA was over-expressed in BCC; (iv) BCC samples contain a higher level of senescent cells; (v) Ki-67 and Bcl2 expression were lower in BCC. These results support a model where a preserved P53 checkpoint in BCC leads to cellular senescence and reduced tumor proliferation as compared to MGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Emergency, International laboratory in Hematology and Cancer (LIA), 'Pôle sino-français de recherche en sciences du vivant et génomique', Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Eric Gilson
- Department of Emergency, International laboratory in Hematology and Cancer (LIA), 'Pôle sino-français de recherche en sciences du vivant et génomique', Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice University, CNRS UMR7284/INSERM U1081, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Medical Genetic Unit, CHU Nice, France
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Emergency, International laboratory in Hematology and Cancer (LIA), 'Pôle sino-français de recherche en sciences du vivant et génomique', Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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83
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Salas-Huetos A, Blanco J, Vidal F, Godo A, Grossmann M, Pons MC, F-Fernández S, Garrido N, Anton E. Spermatozoa from patients with seminal alterations exhibit a differential micro-ribonucleic acid profile. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:591-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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84
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MicroRNA-based therapy and breast cancer: A comprehensive review of novel therapeutic strategies from diagnosis to treatment. Pharmacol Res 2015; 97:104-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Luo Z, Feng X, Wang H, Xu W, Zhao Y, Ma W, Jiang S, Liu D, Huang J, Songyang Z. Mir-23a induces telomere dysfunction and cellular senescence by inhibiting TRF2 expression. Aging Cell 2015; 14:391-9. [PMID: 25753893 PMCID: PMC4406668 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeric repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) is essential for telomere maintenance and has been implicated in DNA damage response and aging. Telomere dysfunction induced by TRF2 inhibition can accelerate cellular senescence in human fibroblasts. While previous work has demonstrated that a variety of factors can regulate TRF2 expression transcriptionally and post-translationally, whether microRNAs (miRNAs) also participate in post-transcriptionally modulating TRF2 levels remains largely unknown. To better understand the regulatory pathways that control TRF2, we carried out a large-scale luciferase reporter screen using a miRNA expression library and identified four miRNAs that could target human TRF2 and significantly reduce the level of endogenous TRF2 proteins. In particular, our data revealed that miR-23a could directly target the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of TRF2. Overexpression of miR-23a not only reduced telomere-bound TRF2 and increased telomere dysfunction-induced foci (TIFs), but also accelerated senescence of human fibroblast cells, which could be rescued by ectopically expressed TRF2. Our findings demonstrate that TRF2 is a specific target of miR-23a, and uncover a previously unknown role for miR-23a in telomere regulation and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Xuyang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Haoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Weiyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Wenbin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Songshan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Dan Liu
- Cell‐Based Assay Screening Core One Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center One Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 USA
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Baylor College of Medicine One Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Junjiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhou Songyang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- SYSU‐BCM Joint Research Center for Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Baylor College of Medicine One Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 USA
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86
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Challagundla KB, Wise PM, Neviani P, Chava H, Murtadha M, Xu T, Kennedy R, Ivan C, Zhang X, Vannini I, Fanini F, Amadori D, Calin GA, Hadjidaniel M, Shimada H, Jong A, Seeger RC, Asgharzadeh S, Goldkorn A, Fabbri M. Exosome-mediated transfer of microRNAs within the tumor microenvironment and neuroblastoma resistance to chemotherapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2015; 107:djv135. [PMID: 25972604 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How exosomic microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the development of drug resistance in the context of the tumor microenvironment has not been previously described in neuroblastoma (NBL). METHODS Coculture experiments were performed to assess exosomic transfer of miR-21 from NBL cells to human monocytes and miR-155 from human monocytes to NBL cells. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to assess miR-155 targeting of TERF1 in NBL cells. Tumor growth was measured in NBL xenografts treated with Cisplatin and peritumoral exosomic miR-155 (n = 6 mice per group) CD163, miR-155, and TERF1 levels were assessed in 20 NBL primary tissues by Human Exon Arrays and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Student's t test was used to evaluate the differences between treatment groups. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS miR-21 mean fold change (f.c.) was 12.08±0.30 (P < .001) in human monocytes treated with NBL derived exosomes for 48 hours, and miR-155 mean f.c. was 4.51±0.25 (P < .001) in NBL cells cocultured with human monocytes for 48 hours. TERF1 mean luciferase activity in miR-155 transfected NBL cells normalized to scrambled was 0.36 ± 0.05 (P <.001). Mean tumor volumes in Dotap-miR-155 compared with Dotap-scrambled were 322.80±120mm(3) and 76.00±39.3mm(3), P = .002 at day 24, respectively. Patients with high CD163 infiltrating NBLs had statistically significantly higher intratumoral levels of miR-155 (P = .04) and lower levels of TERF1 mRNA (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate a unique role of exosomic miR-21 and miR-155 in the cross-talk between NBL cells and human monocytes in the resistance to chemotherapy, through a novel exosomic miR-21/TLR8-NF-кB/exosomic miR-155/TERF1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore B Challagundla
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Petra M Wise
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Paolo Neviani
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Haritha Chava
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Mariam Murtadha
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Tong Xu
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Rebekah Kennedy
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Xinna Zhang
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Ivan Vannini
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Francesca Fanini
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Dino Amadori
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - George A Calin
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Michael Hadjidaniel
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Ambrose Jong
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Amir Goldkorn
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA)
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (KBC, PMW, PN, HC, MM, MF); Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA (TX, AG); Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (RK, MH, AJ, RCS, SA); Departments of Experimental Therapeutics and Leukemia and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (CI, GAC); Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and The Center for RNA interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (XZ); Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) s.r.l., IRCCS, Gene Therapy Unit, Meldola (FC) 47014, Italy (IV, FF, DA); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (HS, SA).
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87
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MicroRNA and Breast Cancer: Understanding Pathogenesis, Improving Management. Noncoding RNA 2015; 1:17-43. [PMID: 29861413 PMCID: PMC5932537 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna1010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of the microRNAs in the early 1990s has proven to be a tremendously significant development within the purview of gene regulation. They participate in the regulation of a broad assembly of processes vital to proper cell function and the perturbation of these pathways following alteration of miRNA expression is strongly believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the miRNAs that have to date been well-characterized in the context of human breast neoplasia. Detailed discussion will center around their role in tumor initiation and progression, control of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cell formation, use as biomarkers in tissues and circulation, as well as their role in cancer treatment. In addition, attention will be given to topics which remain underexplored, such as miRNA control of cancer cell metabolism and the genomic/epigenetic origins underlying the preliminary disruption of miRNA expression in disease. This review will also address and attempt to resolve instances where discordant, inter-study findings have been reported (examples of which are replete in the literature) while also identifying bottlenecks hampering progress in miRNA research and other challenges that confront this fledgling but promising field of biomedical research.
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88
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Takahashi RU, Miyazaki H, Ochiya T. The Roles of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:598-616. [PMID: 25860815 PMCID: PMC4491673 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7020598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a large family of small, approximately 20–22 nucleotide, non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of target genes, mainly at the post-transcriptional level. Accumulating lines of evidence have indicated that miRNAs play important roles in the maintenance of biological homeostasis and that aberrant expression levels of miRNAs are associated with the onset of many diseases, including cancer. In various cancers, miRNAs play important roles in tumor initiation, drug resistance and metastasis. Recent studies reported that miRNAs could also be secreted via small endosome-derived vesicles called exosomes, which are derived from multiple cell types, including dendritic cells, lymphocytes, and tumor cells. Exosomal miRNAs play an important role in cell-to-cell communication and have been investigated as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. In this review, we summarize the major findings related to the functions of miRNAs in breast cancer, which is the most frequent cancer in women, and discuss the potential clinical uses of miRNAs, including their roles as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryou-U Takahashi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute 1-1, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Miyazaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute 1-1, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8 Hatanodai Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute 1-1, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
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89
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Blaze J, Asok A, Roth TL. The long-term impact of adverse caregiving environments on epigenetic modifications and telomeres. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:79. [PMID: 25904853 PMCID: PMC4389567 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early childhood is a sensitive period in which infant-caregiver experiences have profound effects on brain development and behavior. Clinical studies have demonstrated that infants who experience stress and adversity in the context of caregiving are at an increased risk for the development of psychiatric disorders. Animal models have helped to elucidate some molecular substrates of these risk factors, but a complete picture of the biological basis remains unknown. Studies continue to indicate that environmentally-driven epigenetic modifications may be an important mediator between adverse caregiving environments and psychopathology. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, which normally represses gene transcription, and microRNA processing, which interferes with both transcription and translation, show long-term changes throughout the brain and body following adverse caregiving. Recent evidence has also shown that telomeres (TTAGGG nucleotide repeats that cap the ends of DNA) exhibit long-term changes in the brain and in the periphery following exposure to adverse caregiving environments. Interestingly, telomeric enzymes and subtelomeric regions are subject to epigenetic modifications—a factor which may play an important role in regulating telomere length and contribute to future mental health. This review will focus on clinical and animal studies that highlight the long-term epigenetic and telomeric changes produced by adverse caregiving in early-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Blaze
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware Newark, DE, USA
| | - Arun Asok
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware Newark, DE, USA
| | - Tania L Roth
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware Newark, DE, USA
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90
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Alisoltani A, Fallahi H, Shiran B, Alisoltani A, Ebrahimie E. RNA-Seq SSRs and small RNA-Seq SSRs: New approaches in cancer biomarker discovery. Gene 2015; 560:34-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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91
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Role of miR-155 in drug resistance of breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:1395-401. [PMID: 25744731 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expressions at posttranscriptional level. Growing evidence points to their significant role in the acquisition of drug resistance in cancers. Studies show that miRNAs are often aberrantly expressed in human cancer cells which are associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, invasiveness, and drug resistance. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-induced death in women. Over the last decades, increasing attention has been paid to the effects of miRNAs on the development of breast cancer drug resistance. Among them, miR-155 takes part in a sequence of bioprocesses that contribute to the development of such drug resistance, including repression of FOXO3a, enhancement of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, reduction of RhoA, and affecting the length of telomeres. In this review, we discuss the role of miR-155 in the acquisition of breast cancer drug resistance. This will provide a new way in antiresistance treatment of drug-resistant breast cancer.
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92
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Abstract
Aging is a biological process characterized by the progressive deterioration of physiological functions that occurs through the accumulation of macromolecular and cellular damage. This phenomenon impairs tissue function and is a risk factor for many disorders including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. A recent study has enumerated nine cellular and molecular hallmarks that represent common denominators of aging and together determine the aging phenotype, highlighting the concept of aging plasticity. Among the multiple molecular mechanisms which may contribute to aging modulation, microRNAs (miRNAs) are raising enormous interest due to their ability to affect all the "Hallmarks of Aging." In this chapter, we will focus on the description of the diverse functional roles of geromiRs, the large and growing subgroup of miRNAs implicated in aging. We will also address the molecular mechanisms underlying miRNA function in aging and discuss potential strategies for managing aging and extending longevity based on geromiR modulation.
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93
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Wu X, Zeng R, Wu S, Zhong J, Yang L, Xu J. Comprehensive expression analysis of miRNA in breast cancer at the miRNA and isomiR levels. Gene 2014; 557:195-200. [PMID: 25523096 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the main factor that leads cause of cancer death in women worldwide. A class of small non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), has been widely studied in human cancers as crucial regulatory molecule. Recent studies indicate that a series of isomiRs can be yielded from a miRNA locus, and these physiological miRNA isoforms have versatile roles in miRNA biogenesis. Herein, we performed a comprehensive analysis of miRNAs at the miRNA and isomiR levels in BC using next-generation sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Abnormally expressed miRNA (miR-21, miR-221, miR-155, miR-30e and miR-25) and isomiR profiles could be obtained at the miRNA and isomiR levels, and similar biological roles could be detected. IsomiR expression profiles should be further concerned, and especially isomiRs are actual regulatory molecules in the miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks. The study provides a comprehensive expression analysis at the miRNA and isomiR levels in BC, which indicates biological roles of isomiRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjin Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Shaoke Wu
- Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Jixin Zhong
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Lawei Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Junfa Xu
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan 523808, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan 523808, China.
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94
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Zimmermann M, Kibe T, Kabir S, de Lange T. TRF1 negotiates TTAGGG repeat-associated replication problems by recruiting the BLM helicase and the TPP1/POT1 repressor of ATR signaling. Genes Dev 2014; 28:2477-91. [PMID: 25344324 PMCID: PMC4233241 DOI: 10.1101/gad.251611.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The semiconservative replication of telomeres is facilitated by the shelterin component TRF1. Without TRF1, replication forks stall in the telomeric repeats, leading to ATR kinase signaling upon S-phase progression, fragile metaphase telomeres that resemble the common fragile sites (CFSs), and the association of sister telomeres. In contrast, TRF1 does not contribute significantly to the end protection functions of shelterin. We addressed the mechanism of TRF1 action using mouse conditional knockouts of BLM, TRF1, TPP1, and Rap1 in combination with expression of TRF1 and TIN2 mutants. The data establish that TRF1 binds BLM to facilitate lagging but not leading strand telomeric DNA synthesis. As the template for lagging strand telomeric DNA synthesis is the TTAGGG repeat strand, TRF1-bound BLM is likely required to remove secondary structures formed by these sequences. In addition, the data establish that TRF1 deploys TIN2 and the TPP1/POT1 heterodimers in shelterin to prevent ATR during telomere replication and repress the accompanying sister telomere associations. Thus, TRF1 uses two distinct mechanisms to promote replication of telomeric DNA and circumvent the consequences of replication stress. These data are relevant to the expression of CFSs and provide insights into TIN2, which is compromised in dyskeratosis congenita (DC) and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Zimmermann
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tatsuya Kibe
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Shaheen Kabir
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Titia de Lange
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA;
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95
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MicroRNAs, genomic instability and cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:14475-91. [PMID: 25141103 PMCID: PMC4159863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150814475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA transcripts approximately 20 nucleotides in length that regulate expression of protein-coding genes via complementary binding mechanisms. The last decade has seen an exponential increase of publications on miRNAs, ranging from every aspect of basic cancer biology to diagnostic and therapeutic explorations. In this review, we summarize findings of miRNA involvement in genomic instability, an interesting but largely neglected topic to date. We discuss the potential mechanisms by which miRNAs induce genomic instability, considered to be one of the most important driving forces of cancer initiation and progression, though its precise mechanisms remain elusive. We classify genomic instability mechanisms into defects in cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, and mitotic separation, and review the findings demonstrating the participation of specific miRNAs in such mechanisms.
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