51
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Zhou R, Wu Z, Deng X, Chen H. The long non-coding RNA OLC8 enhances gastric cancer by interaction with IL-11. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22962. [PMID: 31273847 PMCID: PMC6805327 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gastric cancer (GC) represents a common malignancy especially in China. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critically involved in various types of cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of OLC8 in gastric cancer are still largely unknown. METHODS The lncRNA profiling was used to identify novel lncRNAs associated with GC. The expression of OLC8 was quantified using qRT-PCR. Migration and viability assays were performed to evaluate the in vitro effects. Xenograft tumor models were conducted to investigate the in vivo oncogenic potential. RNA-seq was used to identify IL-11 as OLC8 binding partner. RESULTS In current study, we have identified a novel lncRNA termed OLC8. OLC8 was significantly overexpressed in gastric cancer specimens and cell lines. In vitro experiments showed that OLC8 facilitated migration and viability of MKN1 and AGS cells. As expected, in vivo experiments also confirmed an oncogenic role for OLC8. Mechanistic study indicated that OLC8 associated with IL-11 transcripts. The OLC8-IL-11 binding greatly impaired the degradation of IL-11 mRNAs. Not surprisingly, enhanced expression of IL-11 could increase STAT3 activation to favor gastric cancer development. CONCLUSIONS Our current research has identified OLC8 as a novel oncogenic lncRNA in IL-11/STAT3 signaling, and OLC8 may constitute a potential target for gastric cancer intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjia Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanbin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xixiang Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haojun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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52
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Burkhardt C, Bühler L, Tihy M, Morel P, Forni M. Bazedoxifene as a novel strategy for treatment of pancreatic and gastric adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3198-3202. [PMID: 31139333 PMCID: PMC6516716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies have shown that the IL6/GP130/STAT3 pathway is involved in pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis and progression as well as in the development of other tumors. Bazedoxifene, a selective estrogene receptor modulator clinically available for the treatment of osteoporosis, has been shown to be an effective GP130/STAT3 signaling inhibitor through in vitro and small animal studies. Our aim was to investigate the effect of bazedoxifene on tumor progression in patients with advanced pancreatic and gastric tumors. We analyzed the data of 7 patients (5 suffering from pancreatic and 2 from gastric adenocarcinoma), with locally advanced and/or metastatic disease, median age 73 years old (range 48 - 86 years). Bazedoxifene was given orally at a dose of 20 mg per day for a median duration of 9 months (range 5 - 14 months). Two patients received bazedoxifene as monotherapy, 5 patients were under concomitant chemotherapy. Results showed tumor marker reduction in 5 patients, stable disease on CT in 5 patients and metabolic regression on PET-CT in 3 patients. Weight was gained in 4 patients. Two patients developed deep vein thrombosis and one pulmonary embolism, the treatment was otherwise well tolerated. An immunhistochemical study of pSTAT3 was performed in 6 patients, out of which 3 were positive. Our preliminary data indicate that bazedoxifene is a potential new therapeutic option for pancreatic and gastric cancer therapy, safe to use and at low cost. It might be administrated at an early stage with current strategies. Based on these preliminary results, we will initiate a prospective clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Burkhardt
- 1 Service de chirurgie viscérale, Département de chirurgie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Leo Bühler
- 1 Service de chirurgie viscérale, Département de chirurgie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Tihy
- 2 Département diagnostique Service de pathologie clinique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Morel
- 1 Service de chirurgie viscérale, Département de chirurgie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Michel Forni
- 3 Clinique de Carouge, Réseau la Tour, Avenue Cardinal Mermillod 1, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland
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53
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Burkhardt C, Bühler L, Tihy M, Morel P, Forni M. Bazedoxifene as a novel strategy for treatment of pancreatic and gastric adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2019. [DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Burkhardt
- Service de chirurgie viscérale, Département de chirurgie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Leo Bühler
- Service de chirurgie viscérale, Département de chirurgie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Tihy
- Département diagnostique Service de pathologie clinique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Morel
- Service de chirurgie viscérale, Département de chirurgie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Michel Forni
- Clinique de Carouge, Réseau la Tour, Avenue Cardinal Mermillod 1, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland
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54
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Park SH, Jo MJ, Kim BR, Jeong YA, Na YJ, Kim JL, Jeong S, Yun HK, Kim DY, Kim BG, Kang SH, Oh SC, Lee DH. Sonic hedgehog pathway activation is associated with cetuximab resistance and EPHB3 receptor induction in colorectal cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2235-2251. [PMID: 31149041 PMCID: PMC6531304 DOI: 10.7150/thno.30678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A major problem of colorectal cancer (CRC) targeted therapies is relapse caused by drug resistance. In most cases of CRC, patients develop resistance to anticancer drugs. Cetuximab does not show many of the side effects of other anticancer drugs and improves the survival of patients with metastatic CRC. However, the molecular mechanism of cetuximab resistance is not fully understood. Methods: EPHB3-mediated cetuximab resistance was confirmed by in vitro western blotting, colony-forming assays, WST-1 colorimetric assay, and in vivo xenograft models (n = 7 per group). RNA-seq analysis and receptor tyrosine kinase assays were performed to identify the cetuximab resistance mechanism of EPHB3. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: The expression of EFNB3, which upregulates the EPHB3 receptor, was shown to be increased via microarray analysis. When resistance to cetuximab was acquired, EPHB3 protein levels increased. Hedgehog signaling, cancer stemness, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling proteins were also increased in the cetuximab-resistant human colon cancer cell line SW48R. Despite cells acquiring resistance to cetuximab, STAT3 was still responsive to EGF and cetuximab treatment. Moreover, inhibition of EPHB3 was associated with decreased STAT3 activity. Co-immunoprecipitation confirmed that EGFR and EPHB3 bind to each other and this binding increases upon resistance acquisition, suggesting that STAT3 is activated by the binding between EGFR and EPHB3. Protein levels of GLI-1, SOX2, and Vimentin, which are affected by STAT3, also increased. Similar results were obtained in samples from patients with CRC. Conclusion: EPHB3 expression is associated with anticancer drug resistance.
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55
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Combined bazedoxifene and paclitaxel treatments inhibit cell viability, cell migration, colony formation, and tumor growth and induce apoptosis in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 448:11-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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56
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Bazedoxifene is a novel IL-6/GP130 inhibitor for treating triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 175:553-566. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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57
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Ma H, Yan D, Wang Y, Shi W, Liu T, Zhao C, Huo S, Duan J, Tao J, Zhai M, Luo P, Guo J, Tian L, Mageta L, Jou D, Zhang C, Li C, Lin J, Lv J, Li S, Lin L. Bazedoxifene exhibits growth suppressive activity by targeting interleukin-6/glycoprotein 130/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:950-961. [PMID: 30648776 PMCID: PMC6398888 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin (IL)‐6/glycoprotein (GP)130/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 pathway is emerging as a target for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. IL‐6 binds to IL‐6R, forming a binary complex, which further combines with GP130 to transduce extracellular signaling by activating STAT3. Therefore, blocking the interaction between IL‐6 and GP130 may inhibit the IL‐6/GP130/STAT3 signaling pathway and its biological effects. It has been reported that bazedoxifene acetate (BAZ), a selective estrogen receptor modulator approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, could inhibit IL‐6/GP130 protein‐protein interactions. Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, wound healing and colony formation assays were used to detect the effect of BAZ on liver cancer cells. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis of cells was determined using the Annexin V‐FITC detection kit. Mouse xenograft tumor models were utilized to evaluate the effect of BAZ in vivo. Our data showed that BAZ inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation (P‐STAT3) and expression of STAT3 downstream genes, inducing apoptosis in liver cancer cells. BAZ inhibited P‐STAT3 induced by IL‐6, but not by leukemia inhibitory factor. BAZ inhibited P‐STAT1 and P‐STAT6 less significantly as elicited by interferon‐α, interferon‐γ and IL‐4. In addition, pretreatment of BAZ impeded the translocation of STAT3 to nuclei induced by IL‐6. BAZ inhibited cell viability, wound healing and colony formation in vitro. Furthermore, tumor growth in HEPG2 mouse xenografts were significantly inhibited by daily intragastric gavage of BAZ. Our results suggest that BAZ inhibited the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo, indicating another potential strategy for HCC prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Ma
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, First People's Hospital of ShangQiu, Shangqiu, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yina Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianshu Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chongqiang Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Division of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengqi Huo
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jialin Duan
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwen Tao
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Maocai Zhai
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Guo
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lulu Mageta
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - David Jou
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Departments of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiagao Lv
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wei J, Ma L, Lai YH, Zhang R, Li H, Li C, Lin J. Bazedoxifene as a novel GP130 inhibitor for Colon Cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:63. [PMID: 30736824 PMCID: PMC6368818 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Interleukin-11 (IL-11), a dominant IL-6 family cytokine, is involved in tumorigenesis, tumor progression and differentiation in colon cancer cells. IL-11 signaling has been recently identified as a potential therapeutic target in colon cancer. Bazedoxifene, a third- generation selective estrogen modulator approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), is a novel inhibitor of IL-11/GP130 signaling discovered by docking modeling. Methods In this study, the inhibition efficacy of bazedoxifene in colon cancer cells and its potential mechanism were investigated in vitro and in vivo by using MTT cell viability assay, BrdU cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, wound-healing/cell migration assay, immunofluorescence, western blot assay and the mouse xenograft tumor model. Results Bazedoxifene inhibits phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) and its nuclear translocation induced by IL-11 in colon cancer cells. It also inhibits p-STAT3 induced by IL-6 and IL-11 but not by OSM or STAT1 phosphorylation induced by INF-γ in human colon cancer cells. In addition, bazedoxifene can significantly inhibit phosphorylation of AKT and STAT3 downstream targets. Furthermore, bazedoxifene alone or together with oxaliplatin can significantly induce apoptosis, inhibit cell viability, cell colony formation and cell migration in colon cancer cells. Knock-down of IL-11R can reduce the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to bazedoxifene. IL-11 can reduce the efficacy of oxaliplatin-mediated inhibition of cell viability. Consistent with in vitro findings, bazedoxifene alone also attenuated HCT-15 xenograft tumor burden and reduced p-STAT3, p-AKT and p-ERK in vivo. Its combination with oxaliplatin attenuated DLD-1 xenograft tumor burden and reduced p-STAT3 in vivo. Conclusions Taken together, these results support bazedoxifene as a novel and effective therapeutic agent targeting IL-11/GP130 signaling for human colorectal cancer therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1072-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wei
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yi-Hui Lai
- 33 Linsen Road, Chungshan District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Huameng Li
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Chenglong Li
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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59
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He JY, Wei XH, Li SJ, Liu Y, Hu HL, Li ZZ, Kuang XH, Wang L, Shi X, Yuan ST, Sun L. Adipocyte-derived IL-6 and leptin promote breast Cancer metastasis via upregulation of Lysyl Hydroxylase-2 expression. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:100. [PMID: 30563531 PMCID: PMC6299564 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipocytes make up the major component of breast tissue, accounting for 90% of stromal tissue. Thus, the crosstalk between adipocytes and breast cancer cells may play a critical role in cancer progression. Adipocyte-breast cancer interactions have been considered important for the promotion of breast cancer metastasis. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these interactions are unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of adipocyte-mediated breast cancer metastasis. METHODS Breast cancer cells were cocultured with mature adipocytes for migration and 3D matrix invasion assays. Next, lentivirus-mediated loss-of-function experiments were used to explore the function of lysyl hydroxylase (PLOD2) in breast cancer migration and adipocyte-dependent migration of breast cancer cells. The role of PLOD2 in breast cancer metastasis was further confirmed using orthotopic mammary fat pad xenografts in vivo. Clinical samples were used to confirm that PLOD2 expression is increased in tumor tissue and is associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Cells were treated with cytokines and pharmacological inhibitors in order to verify which adipokines were responsible for activation of PLOD2 expression and which signaling pathways were activated in vitro. RESULTS Gene expression profiling and Western blotting analyses revealed that PLOD2 was upregulated in breast cancer cells following coculture with adipocytes; this process was accompanied by enhanced breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Loss-of-function studies indicated that PLOD2 knockdown suppressed cell migration and disrupted the formation of actin stress fibers in breast cancer cells and abrogated the migration induced by following coculture with adipocytes. Moreover, experiments performed in orthotopic mammary fat pad xenografts showed that PLOD2 knockdown could reduce metastasis to the lung and liver. Further, high PLOD2 expression correlated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Mechanistically, adipocyte-derived interleukin-6 (IL-6) and leptin may facilitate PLOD2 upregulation in breast cancer cells and promote breast cancer metastasis in tail vein metastasis assays. Further investigation revealed that adipocyte-derived IL-6 and leptin promoted PLOD2 expression through activation of the JAK/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that adipocyte-derived IL-6 and leptin promote PLOD2 expression by activating the JAK/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, thus promoting breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yong He
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wei
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-Jing Li
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao-Lin Hu
- Breast Disease Center, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng-Zheng Li
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Hong Kuang
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lai Wang
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Zhong-Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Li Sun
- Jiangsu Key laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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60
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Fucic A, Aghajanyan A, Culig Z, Le Novere N. Systems Oncology: Bridging Pancreatic and Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 25:1269-1277. [PMID: 30220022 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Large investments by pharmaceutical companies in the development of new antineoplastic drugs have not been resulting in adequate advances of new therapies. Despite the introduction of new methods, technologies, translational medicine and bioinformatics, the usage of collected knowledge is unsatisfactory. In this paper, using examples of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PaC) and castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), we proposed a concept showing that, in order to improve applicability of current knowledge in oncology, the re-clustering of clinical and scientific data is crucial. Such an approach, based on systems oncology, would include bridging of data on biomarkers and pathways between different cancer types. Proposed concept would introduce a new matrix, which enables combining of already approved therapies between cancer types. Paper provides a (a) detailed analysis of similarities in mechanisms of etiology and progression between PaC and CRPC, (b) diabetes as common hallmark of both cancer types and (c) knowledge gaps and directions of future investigations. Proposed horizontal and vertical matrix in cancer profiling has potency to improve current antineoplastic therapy efficacy. Systems biology map using Systems Biology Graphical Notation Language is used for summarizing complex interactions and similarities of mechanisms in biology of PaC and CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fucic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - A Aghajanyan
- Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Z Culig
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Kim I, Choi YS, Song JH, Choi EA, Park S, Lee EJ, Rhee JK, Kim SC, Chang S. A drug-repositioning screen for primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells identifies 6-thioguanine as an effective therapeutic agent for TPMT-low cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:1526-1539. [PMID: 30055072 PMCID: PMC6120251 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most difficult cancers to cure due to the lack of early diagnostic tools and effective therapeutic agents. In this study, we aimed to isolate new bioactive compounds that effectively kill pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, but not untransformed, human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells. To this end, we established four primary PDAC cell lines and screened 4141 compounds from four bioactive-compound libraries. Initial screening yielded 113 primary hit compounds that caused over a 50% viability reduction in all tested PDAC cells. Subsequent triplicate, dose-dependent analysis revealed three compounds with a tumor cell-specific cytotoxic effect. We found that these three compounds fall into a single category of thiopurine biogenesis. Among them, 6-thioguanine (6-TG) showed an IC50 of 0.39-1.13 μm toward PDAC cells but had no effect on HPDE cells. We propose that this cancer selectivity is due to differences in thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) expression between normal and cancer cells. This enzyme is responsible for methylation of thiopurine, which reduces its cytotoxicity. We found that TPMT levels were lower in all four PDAC cell lines than in HPDE or Panc1 cells, and that knockdown of TPMT in HPDE or Panc1 cells sensitized them to 6-TG. Lastly, we used a patient-derived xenograft model to confirm that 6-TG has a significant antitumor effect in combination with gemcitabine. Overall, our study presents 6-TG as a strong candidate for use as a therapeutic agent against PDAC with low levels of TPMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inki Kim
- Convergence Medicine Research Center (CREDIT)/Biomedical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Sook Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hwi Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun A Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sojung Park
- Convergence Medicine Research Center (CREDIT)/Biomedical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Keun Rhee
- Cancer Research Institute, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Physiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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SEC-induced activation of ANXA7 GTPase suppresses prostate cancer metastasis. Cancer Lett 2017; 416:11-23. [PMID: 29247827 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Annexin A7 (ANXA7) is a suppressor of tumorigenesis and metastasis in prostate cancer. Activated ANXA7 GTPase promotes prostate cancer cell apoptosis. However, the role and underlying mechanism of ANXA7 GTPase in prostate cancer metastasis have not been established. RKIP is a metastatic suppressor and downregulated in prostate cancer metastases. The binding of RKIP and its target proteins could inhibit the activation of its interactive partners. However, the effect of RKIP on ANXA7 GTPase activation is not clear. Here, we report that activation of ANXA7 GTPase by a small molecule SEC ((S)-ethyl 1-(3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)-3- (4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate) effectively inhibited prostate cancer metastasis. Mechanistically, activated ANXA7 promoted AMPK phosphorylation, leading to decreased mTORC1 activity, suppressed STAT3 nuclear translocation, and downregulation of pro-metastatic genes, including CCL2, APLN, and IL6ST. Conversely, RKIP interacted with ANXA7 and impaired activation of ANXA7 GTPase by SEC and its downstream signaling pathway. Notably, SEC treatment suppressed metastasis of prostate cancer cells in in vivo orthotopic analysis. Together, our findings provide a novel insight into how metastasis of prostate cancer with low RKIP expression is suppressed by SEC-induced activation of ANXA7 GTPase via the AMPK/mTORC1/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Chen X, Wei J, Li C, Pierson CR, Finlay JL, Lin J. Blocking interleukin-6 signaling inhibits cell viability/proliferation, glycolysis, and colony forming activity of human medulloblastoma cells. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:571-578. [PMID: 29207075 PMCID: PMC5741369 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) have tumor-promoting activity and are associated with poor survival outcomes in many cancers. Additionally, the IL-6/GP130/STAT3 axis has been widely studied due to its pivotal role in tumor development and maintenance in a number of tissue types, including the cerebellum. However, the connection between IL-6 signaling and medulloblastoma progression is largely unexplored. In the present study, we observed that IL-6 induced medulloblastoma cell viability, cell proliferation and glycolysis. Furthermore, it also upregulated the expression of phosphorylated STAT3, indicating that the IL-6/GP130/STAT3 pathway plays a central role in medulloblastoma. The FDA-approved drug bazedoxifene, a blocker of the formation of the hexameric IL-6/IL-6R/GP130 complex, was re-purposed in this study to inhibit the IL-6/GP130/STAT3 signaling pathway. Bazedoxifene not only inhibited IL-6 mediated cell viability and cell proliferation, and increased phosphorylated STAT3 expression, but it also decreased cell glycolysis, demonstrating a certain level of therapeutic efficacy in vitro. Collectively, our findings offer new insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the biological aggressiveness of medulloblastoma, the roles of IL-6 in these processes and a possible efficacious adjuvant therapy for medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chenglong Li
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Christopher R Pierson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Department of Pathology and Division of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Jonathan L Finlay
- Hematology and Oncology, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Tan HS, Jiang WH, He Y, Wang DS, Wu ZJ, Wu DS, Gao L, Bao Y, Shi JZ, Liu B, Ma LJ, Wang LH. KRT8 upregulation promotes tumor metastasis and is predictive of a poor prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:76189-76203. [PMID: 29100303 PMCID: PMC5652697 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin 8 (KRT8) plays an essential role in the development and metastasis of multiple human cancers. However, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the expression pattern, clinical significance, and function of KRT8 in ccRCC. KRT8 mRNA and protein levels were determined in two large cohorts using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and tissue microarray (TMA) immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. We found that KRT8 expression was upregulated in ccRCC and vein tumor thrombi (VTTs). KRT8 overexpression in ccRCC was significantly correlated with aggressive characteristics and was predictive of a poor prognosis in ccRCC patients. Moreover, KRT8 overexpression in renal cancer cell lines promoted cell migration and invasion. In contrast, KRT8 knockdown suppressed ccRCC metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, our findings showed that KRT8 promoted ccRCC metastasis by increasing IL-11 expression, causing IL-11 autocrine induction, and triggering STAT3 signaling. Overall, this study established the significance of KRT8-IL-11 axis activation in aggressive ccRCC and defined a novel critical signaling mechanism that drives human ccRCC invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Song Tan
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Urology, Jiaxing First Hospital, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - De-Sheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Second People's Hospital of Bengbu City, Anhui 233000, China
| | - Zhen-Jie Wu
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Deng-Shuang Wu
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Bao
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jia-Zi Shi
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Li-Jun Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Lin-Hui Wang
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
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Atretkhany KSN, Drutskaya MS, Nedospasov SA, Grivennikov SI, Kuprash DV. Chemokines, cytokines and exosomes help tumors to shape inflammatory microenvironment. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 168:98-112. [PMID: 27613100 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Relationship between inflammation and cancer is now well-established and represents a paradigm that our immune response does not necessarily serves solely to protect us from infections and cancer. Many specific mechanisms that link chronic inflammation to cancer promotion and metastasis have been uncovered in the recent years. Here we are focusing on the effects that tumors may exert on inflammatory cascades, tuning the immune system ability to cause tumor promotion or regression. In particular, we discuss the contributions of chemokines, cytokines and exosomes to the processes such as induction of inflammation and tumorigenesis. Overall, tumor-elicited inflammation is a key driver of tumor progression and an essential component of tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-S N Atretkhany
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Drutskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Nedospasov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia; German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - S I Grivennikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - D V Kuprash
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Vavilova Str. 32, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia.
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