51
|
Dolinsky VW, Dyck JRB. Experimental studies of the molecular pathways regulated by exercise and resveratrol in heart, skeletal muscle and the vasculature. Molecules 2014; 19:14919-47. [PMID: 25237749 PMCID: PMC6271699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190914919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise contributes to healthy aging and the prevention of chronic disease. Recent research has focused on the development of molecules, such as resveratrol, that activate similar metabolic and stress response pathways as exercise training. In this review, we describe the effects of exercise training and resveratrol on some of the organs and tissues that act in concert to transport oxygen throughout the body. In particular, we focus on animal studies that investigate the molecular signaling pathways induced by these interventions. We also compare and contrast the effects of exercise and resveratrol in diseased states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vernon W Dolinsky
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and the Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Research Theme of the Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, 601 John Buhler Research Centre, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada.
| | - Jason R B Dyck
- Department of Pediatrics and the Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, 458 Heritage Medical Research Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is invariably associated with abnormal blood lipid profile, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Stress, smoking, high saturated fat intake as well as low fruit and vegetable intakes have been shown to increase oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia, which increase the predisposition of diabetic subjects to atherosclerosis, stroke and coronary heart disease. The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein by oxidative stress is essential for the development of atherosclerosis, and the reduction in oxidative stress as well as blood glucose and cholesterol is considered critical for the prevention of diabetes-induced CVD. Although epidemiological studies have demonstrated that vitamin C and vitamin E decrease the incidence of coronary heart disease, different clinical trials have failed to support the beneficial effect of these antioxidants. Nonetheless, it has been suggested that natural forms of these vitamins may be more efficacious than synthetic vitamins, and this may explain the inconsistencies in results. Antioxidants, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and resveratrol, have also been shown to attenuate the diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. It has been indicated that the antioxidant therapy may be effective in a prevention strategy rather than as a treatment for CVD. The evidence presented here supports the view that cardiovascular complications in diabetes may be induced by oxidative stress and appropriate antioxidant therapy may be promising for attenuating the progression of diabetes-induced CVD.
Collapse
|
53
|
Tang PCT, Ng YF, Ho S, Gyda M, Chan SW. Resveratrol and cardiovascular health--promising therapeutic or hopeless illusion? Pharmacol Res 2014; 90:88-115. [PMID: 25151891 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a natural polyphenolic compound that exists in Polygonum cuspidatum, grapes, peanuts and berries, as well as their manufactured products, especially red wine. Resveratrol is a pharmacologically active compound that interacts with multiple targets in a variety of cardiovascular disease models to exert protective effects or induce a reduction in cardiovascular risks parameters. This review attempts to primarily serve to summarize the current research findings regarding the putative cardioprotective effects of resveratrol and the molecular pathways underlying these effects. One intent is to hopefully provide a relatively comprehensive resource for clues that may prompt ideas for additional mechanistic studies which might further elucidate and strengthen the role of the stilbene family of compounds in cardiovascular disease and cardioprotection. Model systems that incorporate a significant functional association with tissues outside of the cardiovascular system proper, such as adipose (cell culture, obesity models) and pancreatic (diabetes) tissues, were reviewed, and the molecular pathways and/or targets related to these models and influenced by resveratrol are discussed. Because the body of work encompassing the stilbenes and other phytochemicals in the context of longevity and the ability to presumably mitigate a plethora of afflictions is replete with conflicting information and controversy, especially so with respect to the human response, we tried to remain as neutral as possible in compiling and presenting the more current data with minimal commentary, permitting the reader free reign to extract the knowledge most helpful to their own investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Chiu-Tsun Tang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yam-Fung Ng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Susan Ho
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Gyda
- Life Sciences Multimedia Productions, Drexel Hill, PA, USA.
| | - Shun-Wan Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Shenzhen, China; Food Safety and Technology Research Centre, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Yang G, Wang H, Kang Y, Zhu MJ. Grape seed extract improves epithelial structure and suppresses inflammation in ileum of IL-10-deficient mice. Food Funct 2014; 5:2558-63. [PMID: 25137131 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00451e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Defect in intestinal epithelial structure is a critical etiological factor of several intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of grape seed extract (GSE), which contains a mixture of polyphenols, on ileal mucosal structure and inflammation in interleukin (IL)-10-deficient mice, a common model for studying inflammatory bowel disease. Wild-type and IL-10-deficient mice were fed GSE at 0 or 1% (based on dry feed weight) for 16 weeks. GSE supplementation decreased crypt depth and increased (P < 0.05) the ratio of villus/crypt length in the terminal ileum. Consistently, the dietary GSE decreased (P < 0.05) proliferation and enhanced (P < 0.05) differentiation of epithelial cells. These changes in gut epithelium were associated with the suppression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cell (NF-κB) signaling. Furthermore, compared with WT mice, IL-10 deletion promoted beclin-1 and AMPK expression, both of which were decreased to normal by GSE supplementation. These changes were associated with alterations in epithelial barrier function as indicated by reduced pore forming claudin-2 protein expression and increased barrier forming claudin-1 protein expression in the ileum of GSE supplemented mice. In summary, our data indicates that GSE exerts protective effects to the ileal epithelial structure in IL-10-deficient mice possibly through the suppression of inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guan Yang
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Wu X, Zhou S, Zhu N, Wang X, Jin W, Song X, Chen A. Resveratrol attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation‑induced Ca2+ overload by inhibiting the Wnt5a/Frizzled‑2 pathway in rat H9c2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:2542-8. [PMID: 25120137 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is able to protect myocardial cells from ischemia/reperfusion‑induced injury. However, the mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, it is reported that resveratrol has a critical role in the control of Ca2+ overload, which is the primary underlying cause of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treatment decreased the cell viability and increased the apoptosis of H9c2 cells, whereas the caspase‑3 and intracellular Ca2+ levels were greatly elevated compared with the control group. Treatment of H9c2 cells with resveratrol (5, 15 and 30 µM) reduced caspase‑3 expression and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a dose‑dependent manner, and the intracellular Ca2+ overload was also significantly decreased. Furthermore, Frizzled‑2 and Wnt5a belong to the non‑canonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway, which have been demonstrated to be responsible for Ca2+ overload, and were thus detected in the present study. The results indicated that both the mRNA and protein expression levels of Frizzled‑2 and Wnt5a in H/R‑induced H9c2 cells were markedly increased compared with the levels found in normal cells, and treatment with resveratrol (5, 15 and 30 µM) significantly reduced the expression of Frizzled‑2 and Wnt5a compared with the H/R group. The results indicated that resveratrol protected myocardial cells from H/R injury by inhibiting the Ca2+ overload through suppression of the Wnt5a/Frizzled‑2 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong 528244, P.R. China
| | - Xianbao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Wen Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Song
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Elmadhun NY, Sabe AA, Lassaletta AD, Chu LM, Kondra K, Sturek M, Sellke FW. Metabolic syndrome impairs notch signaling and promotes apoptosis in chronically ischemic myocardium. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 148:1048-55; discussion 1055. [PMID: 25037620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impaired angiogenesis is a known consequence of metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, the mechanism is not fully understood. Recent studies have shown that the notch signaling pathway is an integral component of cardiac angiogenesis. We tested, in a clinically relevant swine model, the effects of MetS on notch and apoptosis signaling in chronically ischemic myocardium. METHODS Ossabaw swine were fed either a regular diet (control [CTL], n = 8) or a high-cholesterol diet (MetS, n = 8) to induce MetS. An ameroid constrictor was placed to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Eleven weeks later, the wine underwent cardiac harvest of the ischemic myocardium. RESULTS Downregulation of pro-angiogenesis proteins notch2, notch4, jagged2, angiopoietin 1, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase were found in the MetS group compared with the CTL group. Also, upregulation of pro-apoptosis protein caspase 8 and downregulation of anti-angiogenesis protein phosphorylated forkhead box transcription factor 03 and pro-survival proteins phosphorylated P38 and heat shock protein 90 were present in the MetS group. Cell death was increased in the MetS group compared with the CTL group. Both CTL and MetS groups had a similar arteriolar count and capillary density, and notch3 and jagged1 were both similarly concentrated in the smooth muscle wall. CONCLUSIONS MetS in chronic myocardial ischemia significantly impairs notch signaling by downregulating notch receptors, ligands, and pro-angiogenesis proteins. MetS also increases apoptosis signaling, decreases survival signaling, and increases cell death in chronically ischemic myocardium. Although short-term angiogenesis appears unaffected in this model of early MetS, the molecular signals for angiogenesis are impaired, suggesting that inhibition of notch signaling might underlie the decreased angiogenesis in later stages of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nassrene Y Elmadhun
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | - Ashraf A Sabe
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | - Antonio D Lassaletta
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | - Louis M Chu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | - Katelyn Kondra
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | - Michael Sturek
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Wang B, Yang G, Liang X, Zhu M, Du M. Grape seed extract prevents skeletal muscle wasting in interleukin 10 knockout mice. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:162. [PMID: 24884473 PMCID: PMC4041050 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle wasting is frequently a result of cancers, AIDS, chronic diseases and aging, which often links to muscle inflammation. Although grape seed extract (GSE) has been widely used as a human dietary supplement for health promotion and disease prevention primarily due to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammative effects, it is unknown whether GSE affects muscle wasting. The objective is to test the effects of GSE supplementation on inflammation and muscle wasting in interleukin (IL)-10 knockout mice, a recently developed model for human frailty. METHODS Male IL-10 knockout (IL10KO) C57BL/6 mice at 6 weeks of age were assigned to either 0% or 0.1% GSE (in drinking water) groups (n=10) for 12 weeks, when skeletal muscle was sampled for analyses. Wild-type C57BL/6 male mice were used as controls. RESULTS Tibialis anterior muscle weight and fiber size of IL10KO mice were much lower than wild-type mice. IL10KO enhanced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling and inflammasome formation when compared to wild-type mice. Phosphorylation of anabolic signaling was inhibited, whereas muscle specific ubiquitin ligase, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and apoptotic signaling were up-regulated in IL10KO mice. GSE supplementation effectively rectified these adverse changes in IL10KO muscle, which provide an explanation for the enhanced muscle mass, reduced protein degradation and apoptosis in GSE supplemented mice compared to IL10KO mice without supplementation. CONCLUSION GSE supplementation effectively prevents muscle wasting in IL10KO mice, showing that GSE can be used as an auxiliary treatment for muscle loss associated with chronic inflammation and frailty.
Collapse
|
58
|
Saha L, Chakrabarti A. Understanding the anti-kindling role and its mechanism of Resveratrol in Pentylenetetrazole induced-kindling in a rat model. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 120:57-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
59
|
Li J, Feng L, Xing Y, Wang Y, Du L, Xu C, Cao J, Wang Q, Fan S, Liu Q, Fan F. Radioprotective and antioxidant effect of resveratrol in hippocampus by activating Sirt1. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:5928-39. [PMID: 24722566 PMCID: PMC4013605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15045928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species can lead to functional alterations in lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and an accumulation of ROS (Reactive oxygen species) is considered to be one factor that contributes to neurodegenerative changes. An increase in ROS production occurs following irradiation. Neuronal tissue is susceptible to oxidative stress because of its high oxygen consumption and modest antioxidant defenses. As a polyphenolic compound, resveratrol is frequently used as an activator of Sirt1 (Sirtuin 1). The present study was designed to explore the radioprotective and antioxidant effect of resveratrol on Sirt1 expression and activity induced by radiation and to provide a new target for the development of radiation protection drugs. Our results demonstrate that resveratrol inhibits apoptosis induced by radiation via the activation of Sirt1. We demonstrated an increase in Sirt1 mRNA that was present on 21 days of resveratrol treatment following irradiation in a concentration-dependent manner. Such mRNA increase was accompanied by an increase of Sirt1 protein and activity. Resveratrol effectively antagonized oxidation induced by irradiation, supporting its cellular ROS-scavenging effect. These results provide evidence that the mitochondrial protection and the antioxidant effect of resveratrol contribute to metabolic activity. These data suggest that Sirt1 may play an important role to protect neurons from oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Li Feng
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Yonghua Xing
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Liqing Du
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Chang Xu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Jia Cao
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Feiyue Fan
- Tianjin Key Lab of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Tomé-Carneiro J, Larrosa M, González-Sarrías A, Tomás-Barberán FA, García-Conesa MT, Espín JC. Resveratrol and clinical trials: the crossroad from in vitro studies to human evidence. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 19:6064-93. [PMID: 23448440 PMCID: PMC3782695 DOI: 10.2174/13816128113199990407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4’-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a non-flavonoid polyphenol that may be present in a limited number of food-stuffs such as grapes and red wine. Resveratrol has been reported to exert a plethora of health benefits through many different mechanisms of action. This versatility and presence in the human diet have drawn the worldwide attention of many research groups over the past twenty years, which has resulted in a huge output of in vitro and animal (preclinical) studies. In line with this expectation, many resveratrol-based nutraceuticals are consumed all over the world with questionable clinical/scientific support. In fact, the confirmation of these benefits in humans through randomized clinical trials is still very limited. The vast majority of preclinical studies have been performed using assay conditions with a questionable extrapolation to humans, i.e. too high concentrations with potential safety concerns (adverse effects and drug interactions), short-term exposures, in vitro tests carried out with non-physiological metabolites and/or concentrations, etc. Unfortunately, all these hypothesis-generating studies have contributed to increased the number of ‘potential’ benefits and mechanisms of resveratrol but confirmation in humans is very limited. Therefore, there are many issues that should be addressed to avoid an apparent endless loop in resveratrol research. The so-called ‘Resveratrol Paradox’, i.e., low bioavailability but high bioactivity, is a conundrum not yet solved in which the final responsible actor (if any) for the exerted effects has not yet been unequivocally identified. It is becoming evident that resveratrol exerts cardioprotective benefits through the improvement of inflammatory markers, atherogenic profile, glucose metabolism and endothelial function. However, safety concerns remain unsolved regarding chronic consumption of high RES doses, specially in medicated people. This review will focus on the currently available evidence regarding resveratrol’s effects on humans obtained from randomized clinical trials. In addition, we will provide a critical outlook for further research on this molecule that is evolving from a minor dietary compound to a possible multi-target therapeutic drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joao Tomé-Carneiro
- Research Group of Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
61
|
Luciano TF, Marques SDO, Pieri BLDS, Souza DRD, Lira FSD, Souza CTD. Resveratrol reduces chronic inflammation and improves insulin action in the myocardium of high-fat diet-induced obeserats. REV NUTR 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1415-52732014000200002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of resveratrol on insulin signaling and inflammation pathway in the myocardium of high-fat diet-induced obese rats. METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into a control group (n=10, standard diet), obese group (n=10, high-fat diet), and obese supplemented with resveratrol group (n=10, 20 mg/kg/day) for eight weeks. An insulin tolerance test was performed at the end of the study period "0" (without insulin), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes after an intraperitoneal injection of insulin (2 U/kg). Body and epididymal adipose tissue were weighed. Fragments of the myocardium were extracted for Western blot analyses of insulin pathway and proinflammatory molecules. RESULTS: Resveratrol increased the rate of glucose disappearance, phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate 1, and protein kinase B; and reduced expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha and of the molecules involved in proinflammatory signal transduction, namely Ikappa B kinase and nuclear factor kappa B complex. The results also suggest that higher insulin sensitivity and lower levels of proinflammatory molecules occurred regardless of weight and epididymal adipose tissue loss. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol increases insulin action and reduces inflammatory molecules in the myocardium.
Collapse
|
62
|
Sabe AA, Elmadhun NY, Dalal RS, Robich MP, Sellke FW. Resveratrol regulates autophagy signaling in chronically ischemic myocardium. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 147:792-8; Discussion 798-9. [PMID: 24267781 PMCID: PMC3947125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autophagy is a cellular process by which damaged components are removed. Although autophagy can result in cell death, when optimally regulated, it might be cardioprotective. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol also believed to be cardioprotective. Using a clinically relevant swine model of metabolic syndrome, we investigated the effects of resveratrol on autophagy in the chronically ischemic myocardium. METHODS Yorkshire swine were fed a regular diet (n = 7), a high cholesterol diet (n = 7), or a high cholesterol diet with supplemental resveratrol (n = 6). After 4 weeks, an ameroid constrictor was surgically placed on the left circumflex artery to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. The diets were continued another 7 weeks, and then the ischemic and nonischemic myocardium were harvested for protein analysis. RESULTS In the ischemic myocardium, a high cholesterol diet partly attenuated the autophagy, as determined by an increase in phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) and a decrease in p70 S6 kinase (P70S6K), lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-2, and autophagy-related gene 12-5 conjugate (ATG 12-5; P < .05). The addition of resveratrol blunted many of these changes, because the p-mTOR, P70S6K, and LAMP-2 levels were not significantly altered from those of the pigs fed a regular diet. Other autophagy markers were increased with a high cholesterol diet, including light chain 3A-II and beclin 1 (P < .05). In the nonischemic myocardium, beclin 1 was decreased in the high cholesterol-fed pigs (P < .05); otherwise no significant changes in protein expression were noted among the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS In the chronically ischemic myocardium, resveratrol partly reversed the effects of a high cholesterol diet on autophagy. This might be a mechanism by which resveratrol exerts its cardioprotective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Sabe
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | - Nassrene Y Elmadhun
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | - Rahul S Dalal
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | - Michael P Robich
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Brown University Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Raj P, Lieben Louis X, Thandapilly SJ, Movahed A, Zieroth S, Netticadan T. Potential of resveratrol in the treatment of heart failure. Life Sci 2014; 95:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
64
|
Wepler M, Hafner S, Scheuerle A, Reize M, Gröger M, Wagner F, Simon F, Matallo J, Gottschalch F, Seifritz A, Stahl B, Matejovic M, Kapoor A, Möller P, Calzia E, Georgieff M, Wachter U, Vogt JA, Thiemermann C, Radermacher P, McCook O. Effects of the PPAR-β/δ agonist GW0742 during resuscitated porcine septic shock. Intensive Care Med Exp 2013; 1:28. [PMID: 26266797 PMCID: PMC4796150 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-1-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In un-resuscitated rodent models of septic shock, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ (PPAR-β/δ) agonist GW0742 improved visceral organ function. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis whether GW0742 would attenuate kidney injury during long-term, resuscitated, porcine polymicrobial septic shock. Methods Six, 12, and 18 h after the induction of fecal peritonitis by inoculation of autologous feces, anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and instrumented male pigs with pre-existing atherosclerosis resulting from familial hypercholesteremia and atherogenic diet randomly received either vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide, n = 12) or GW0742 (n = 10). Resuscitation comprised hydroxyethyl starch and norepinephrine infusion titrated to maintain mean arterial pressure at baseline values. Results Despite aggressive fluid resuscitation, fecal peritonitis was associated with arterial hypotension requiring norepinephrine infusion, ultimately resulting in progressive lactic acidosis and acute kidney injury. GW0742 did not beneficially affect any parameter of systemic and regional hemodynamics, gas exchange, metabolism, or organ function. The parameters of inflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress, and organ injury (post-mortem analysis for histomorphology and markers of apoptosis) were not influenced either. Immunohistochemistry of pre-shock kidney biopsies from a previous study in this swine strain showed markedly lower PPAR-β/δ receptor expression than in healthy animals. Conclusions In swine with pre-existing atherosclerosis, the PPAR-β/δ agonist GW0742 failed to attenuate septic shock-induced circulatory failure and kidney dysfunction, most likely due to reduced receptor expression coinciding with cardiovascular and metabolic co-morbidity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2197-425X-1-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wepler
- Sektion Anästhesiologische Pathophysiologie und Verfahrensentwicklung, Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum, Helmholtzstrasse 8-1, Ulm, 89081, Germany,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
65
|
Tomé-Carneiro J, Gonzálvez M, Larrosa M, Yáñez-Gascón MJ, García-Almagro FJ, Ruiz-Ros JA, Tomás-Barberán FA, García-Conesa MT, Espín JC. Resveratrol in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a dietary and clinical perspective. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1290:37-51. [PMID: 23855464 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) aims to avoid a first event in subjects that are at risk but have not yet been diagnosed with heart disease. Secondary prevention of CVD aims to avoid new events in patients with established heart disease. Both approaches involve clinical intervention and implementation of healthy lifestyles. The grape and wine polyphenol resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) has shown cardioprotective benefits in humans. Most of these approaches deal with rather high doses and short follow-ups, and do not address the issue of long-term resveratrol consumption safety, especially in medicated individuals. Here, we review the trials conducted with resveratrol in patients at risk for or with established CVD, focusing on the two longest human clinical trials reported so far (1-year follow-up). We also discuss the expectations for resveratrol from a dietary and clinical perspective in relation to CVD. However, statistically significant changes in CVD-risk markers do not necessarily equal clinical significance in the daily care of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Tomé-Carneiro
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
66
|
Dong WH, Chen JC, He YL, Xu JJ, Mei YA. Resveratrol inhibits Kv2.2 currents through the estrogen receptor GPR30-mediated PKC pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 305:C547-57. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00146.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (REV) is a naturally occurring phytoalexin that inhibits neuronal K+ channels; however, the molecular mechanisms behind the effects of REV and the relevant α-subunit are not well defined. With the use of patch-clamp technique, cultured cerebellar granule cells, and HEK-293 cells transfected with the Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 α-subunits, we investigated the effect of REV on Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 α-subunits. Our data demonstrated that REV significantly suppressed Kv2.2 but not Kv2.1 currents with a fast, reversible, and mildly concentration-dependent manner and shifted the activation or inactivation curve of Kv2.2 channels. Activating or inhibiting the cAMP/PKA pathway did not abolish the inhibition of Kv2.2 current by REV. In contrast, activation of PKC with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate mimicked the inhibitory effect of REV on Kv2.2 by modifying the activation or inactivation properties of Kv2.2 channels and eliminated any further inhibition by REV. PKC and PKC-α inhibitor completely eliminated the REV-induced inhibition of Kv2.2. Moreover, the effect of REV on Kv2.2 was reduced by preincubation with antagonists of GPR30 receptor and shRNA for GPR30 receptor. Western blotting results indicated that the levels of PKC-α and PKC-β were significantly increased in response to REV application. Our data reveal, for the first time, that REV inhibited Kv2.2 currents through PKC-dependent pathways and a nongenomic action of the oestrogen receptor GPR30.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Dong
- Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Chen Chen
- Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Lin He
- Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jie Xu
- Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Ai Mei
- Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Elmadhun NY, Sabe AA, Robich MP, Chu LM, Lassaletta AD, Sellke FW. The pig as a valuable model for testing the effect of resveratrol to prevent cardiovascular disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1290:130-5. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nassrene Y. Elmadhun
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Cardiovascular Research Center; Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University; Providence Rhode Island
| | - Ashraf A. Sabe
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Cardiovascular Research Center; Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University; Providence Rhode Island
| | - Michael P. Robich
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Cardiovascular Research Center; Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University; Providence Rhode Island
| | - Louis M. Chu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Cardiovascular Research Center; Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University; Providence Rhode Island
| | - Antonio D. Lassaletta
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Cardiovascular Research Center; Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University; Providence Rhode Island
| | - Frank W. Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Cardiovascular Research Center; Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University; Providence Rhode Island
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Tomé-Carneiro J, Larrosa M, Yáñez-Gascón MJ, Dávalos A, Gil-Zamorano J, Gonzálvez M, García-Almagro FJ, Ruiz Ros JA, Tomás-Barberán FA, Espín JC, García-Conesa MT. One-year supplementation with a grape extract containing resveratrol modulates inflammatory-related microRNAs and cytokines expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of type 2 diabetes and hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. Pharmacol Res 2013; 72:69-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
69
|
Khan M, Ali F, Mohsin S, Akhtar S, Mehmood A, Choudhery MS, Khan SN, Riazuddin S. Preconditioning diabetic mesenchymal stem cells with myogenic medium increases their ability to repair diabetic heart. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:58. [PMID: 23706645 PMCID: PMC3707006 DOI: 10.1186/scrt207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential for treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy; however, the repair capability of MSCs declines with age and disease. MSCs from diabetic animals exhibit impaired survival, proliferation, and differentiation and therefore require a strategy to improve their function. The aim of the study was to develop a preconditioning strategy to augment the ability of MSCs from diabetes patients to repair the diabetic heart. METHODS Diabetes was induced in C57BL/6 mice (6 to 8 weeks) with streptozotocin injections (55 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days. MSCs isolated from diabetic animals were preconditioned with medium from cardiomyocytes exposed to oxidative stress and high glucose (HG/H-CCM). RESULTS Gene expression of VEGF, ANG-1, GATA-4, NKx2.5 MEF2c, PCNA, and eNOS was upregulated after preconditioning with HG/H-CCM, as evidenced by reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Concurrently, increased AKT phosphorylation, proliferation, angiogenic ability, and reduced levels of apoptosis were observed in HG/H-CCM-preconditioned diabetic MSCs compared with nontreated controls. HG/H-CCM-preconditioned diabetic-mouse-derived MSCs (dmMSCs) were transplanted in diabetic animals and demonstrated increased homing concomitant with augmented heart function. Gene expression of angiogenic and cardiac markers was significantly upregulated in conjunction with paracrine factors (IGF-1, HGF, SDF-1, FGF-2) and, in addition, reduced fibrosis, apoptosis, and increased angiogenesis was observed in diabetic hearts 4 weeks after transplantation of preconditioned dmMSCs compared with hearts with nontreated diabetic MSCs. CONCLUSIONS Preconditioning with HG/H-CCM enhances survival, proliferation, and the angiogenic ability of dmMSCs, augmenting their ability to improve function in a diabetic heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Khan
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Ali
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Akhtar
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Azra Mehmood
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood S Choudhery
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen N Khan
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Xiao J, Song J, Hodara V, Ford A, Wang XL, Shi Q, Chen L, VandeBerg JL. Protective Effects of Resveratrol on TNF-α-Induced Endothelial Cytotoxicity in Baboon Femoral Arterial Endothelial Cells. J Diabetes Res 2013; 2013:185172. [PMID: 23671856 PMCID: PMC3647561 DOI: 10.1155/2013/185172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial injury induced by inflammatory factors plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and cellular adhesion molecule (CAM) expression contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. We investigated the effects of resveratrol (0.1-100 μ M) on the proliferation, migration, and CAM expression of primary cultures of baboon arterial endothelial cells (BAECs). In addition, we tested its effects under normal conditions as well as under inflammatory conditions induced by tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) administered either by cotreatment, pretreatment, or posttreatment. Immunocytochemistry, MTT, wound-healing, and flow cytometry assays were performed. The resveratrol treatment significantly enhanced BAEC proliferation and attenuated TNF-α-induced impairment of proliferation at the optimal doses of 1-50 µM. Resveratrol at a high dose (100 μ M) and TNF-α impaired BAEC migration, while low doses of resveratrol (1-50 μ M) attenuated TNF-α-induced impairment of BAEC migration. Moreover, resveratrol inhibited TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression. Taken together, our results suggest that the resveratrol protects BAECs after inflammatory stimulation as well as ameliorates inflammatory effects at low concentrations. Consequently, resveratrol should be considered as a candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Lu, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA
| | - Jun Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Lu, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Vida Hodara
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA
| | - Allen Ford
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA
| | - Xing Li Wang
- Cardiothoracic Research Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030-2604, USA
| | - Qiang Shi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Lu, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - John L. VandeBerg
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, P.O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Chu LM, Lassaletta AD, Robich MP, Liu Y, Burgess T, Laham RJ, Sweeney JD, Shen TL, Sellke FW. Effects of red wine and vodka on collateral-dependent perfusion and cardiovascular function in hypercholesterolemic swine. Circulation 2012; 126:S65-72. [PMID: 22965995 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.111.082172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate consumption of alcohol, particularly red wine, has been shown to decrease cardiac risk. We used a hypercholesterolemic swine model of chronic ischemia to examine the effects of 2 alcoholic beverages on the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS Yorkshire swine fed a high-cholesterol diet underwent left circumflex ameroid constrictor placement to induce chronic ischemia at 8 weeks of age. One group (HCC, n=9) continued on the diet alone, the second (HCW, n=8) was supplemented with red wine (pinot noir, 12.5% alcohol, 375 mL daily), and the third (HCV, n=9) was supplemented with vodka (40% alcohol, 112 mL daily). After 7 weeks, cardiac function was measured, and ischemic myocardium was harvested for analysis of perfusion, myocardial fibrosis, vessel function, protein expression, oxidative stress, and capillary density. Platelet function was measured by aggregometry. Perfusion to the ischemic territory as measured by microsphere injection was significantly increased in both HCW and HCV compared with HCC at rest, but in only the HCW group under ventricular pacing. Microvessel relaxation response to adenosine 5'-diphosphate was improved in the HCW group alone as was regional contractility in the ischemic territory, although myocardial fibrosis was decreased in both HCW and HCV. Expression of proangiogenic proteins phospho-endothelial nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor was increased in both HCW and HCV, whereas phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin was increased only in the HCV group. Expression of Sirt-1 and downstream antioxidant phospho-FoxO1 was increased only in the HCW group. Protein oxidative stress was decreased in the HCW group alone, whereas capillary density was increased only in the HCV group. There was no significant difference in platelet function between groups. CONCLUSION Moderate consumption of red wine and vodka may reduce cardiovascular risk by improving collateral-dependent perfusion through different mechanisms. Red wine may offer increased cardioprotection related to its antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis M Chu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
72
|
Thaler R, Zwerina J, Rumpler M, Spitzer S, Gamsjaeger S, Paschalis EP, Klaushofer K, Varga F. Homocysteine induces serum amyloid A3 in osteoblasts via unlocking RGD-motifs in collagen. FASEB J 2012; 27:446-63. [PMID: 23085993 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-208058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Homocysteine (Hcys) inhibits collagen cross-linking and consequently decreases bone extracellular matrix (ECM) quality. Serum amyloid A (A-SAA), an acute-phase protein family, plays an important role in chronic and inflammatory diseases and up-regulates MMP13, which plays an important role in bone development and remodeling. Here, we investigate the effect of Hcys on expression of SAA3, a member of the A-SAA gene family, in osteoblasts characterizing underlying mechanisms and possible consequences on bone metabolism. MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells were cultured up to 21 d with Hcys (low millimolar range) or reseeded onto ECM resulting from untreated or Hcys-treated MC3T3-E1 cells. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy and a discriminative antibody were used to characterize the resulting ECM. Gene expression and signaling pathways were analyzed by gene chip, quantitative RT-PCR, and immunoblotting. Transcriptional regulation of Saa3 was studied by promoter transfection assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence microscopy. Hcys treatment resulted in reduced collagen cross-linking, uncovering of RGD-motifs, and activation of the PTK2-PXN-CTNNB1 pathway followed by RELA activation. These signaling events led to increased SAA3 expression followed by the production of MMP13 and several chemokines, including Ccl5, Ccl2, Cxcl10, and Il6. Our data suggest Saa3 as link between hyperhomocysteinemia and development of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Thaler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of Wiener Gebietskrankenkasse and Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt Trauma Center Meidling, 1st Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Broquères-You D, Leré-Déan C, Merkulova-Rainon T, Mantsounga CS, Allanic D, Hainaud P, Contrères JO, Wang Y, Vilar J, Virally M, Mourad JJ, Guillausseau PJ, Silvestre JS, Lévy BI. Ephrin-B2-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from diabetic patients restore diabetes-induced impairment of postischemic neovascularization. Diabetes 2012; 61:2621-32. [PMID: 22596048 PMCID: PMC3447889 DOI: 10.2337/db11-1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that in vitro treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MNCs) from diabetic patients with ephrin-B2/Fc (EFNB2) improves their proangiogenic therapeutic potential in diabetic ischemic experimental models. Diabetes was induced in nude athymic mice by streptozotocin injections. At 9 weeks after hyperglycemia, 10(5) PB-MNCs from diabetic patients, pretreated by EFNB2, were intravenously injected in diabetic mice with hindlimb ischemia. Two weeks later, the postischemic neovascularization was evaluated. The mechanisms involved were investigated by flow cytometry analysis and in vitro cell biological assays. Paw skin blood flow, angiographic score, and capillary density were significantly increased in ischemic leg of diabetic mice receiving EFNB2-activated diabetic PB-MNCs versus those receiving nontreated diabetic PB-MNCs. EFNB2 bound to PB-MNCs and increased the adhesion and transmigration of PB-MNCs. Finally, EFNB2-activated PB-MNCs raised the number of circulating vascular progenitor cells in diabetic nude mice and increased the ability of endogenous bone marrow MNCs to differentiate into cells with endothelial phenotype and enhanced their proangiogenic potential. Therefore, EFNB2 treatment of PB-MNCs abrogates the diabetes-induced stem/progenitor cell dysfunction and opens a new avenue for the clinical development of an innovative and accessible strategy in diabetic patients with critical ischemic diseases.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Ephrin-B2/pharmacology
- Hindlimb/blood supply
- Hindlimb/physiopathology
- Humans
- Ischemia/metabolism
- Ischemia/physiopathology
- Ischemia/therapy
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/transplantation
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Broquères-You
- Blood and Vessels Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Carole Leré-Déan
- Blood and Vessels Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Merkulova-Rainon
- Blood and Vessels Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Chris S. Mantsounga
- Blood and Vessels Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - David Allanic
- Blood and Vessels Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Hainaud
- Blood and Vessels Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Olivier Contrères
- Blood and Vessels Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Yu Wang
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - José Vilar
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Marie Virally
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Internal Medicine B, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Mourad
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Internal Medicine and Arterial Hypertension, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Guillausseau
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Internal Medicine B, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Bernard I. Lévy
- Blood and Vessels Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
- INSERM U965, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- Corresponding author: Bernard I. Lévy,
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Vilahur G, Casani L, Guerra JM, Badimon L. Intake of fermented beverages protect against acute myocardial injury: target organ cardiac effects and vasculoprotective effects. Basic Res Cardiol 2012; 107:291. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-012-0291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
75
|
Robich MP, Chu LM, Burgess TA, Feng J, Han Y, Nezafat R, Leber MP, Laham RJ, Manning WJ, Sellke FW. Resveratrol preserves myocardial function and perfusion in remote nonischemic myocardium in a swine model of metabolic syndrome. J Am Coll Surg 2012; 215:681-9. [PMID: 22867714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2012.06.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Revised: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resveratrol has been shown to reverse some of the detrimental effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS). We sought to define the impact of supplemental resveratrol on normal myocardium remote from an ischemic territory in a swine model of MetS and chronic myocardial ischemia. STUDY DESIGN Yorkshire swine were fed a normal diet (control), a high cholesterol diet (HCD), or a high cholesterol diet with orally supplemented resveratrol (HCD-R; 100 mg/kg/day). Four weeks after diet modification, myocardial ischemia was induced by ameroid constrictor placement. Seven weeks later, myocardial tissue from a territory remote from the ischemia was harvested. Animals in the HCD and HCD-R groups underwent functional cardiac MRI before ischemia and before sacrifice. Tissue was harvested for protein expression analysis. RESULTS After 7 weeks of ischemia, regional left ventricular systolic function was significantly increased in HCD-R as compared with HCD animals. During ventricular pacing the HCD group had significantly decreased flow (p = 0.03); perfusion in the HCD-R was preserved as compared with the control. There was no difference in microvascular relaxation. Expression of metabolic proteins Sirt-1 (p = 0.002), AMPkinase (p = 0.02), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (p = 0.002) were upregulated in the HCD-R group. Levels of protein oxidative stress were significantly increased in the HCD and HCD-R groups, as compared with the controls (p = 0.003). Activated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was increased in the HCD-R group (p = 0.01). There was no difference in myocardial endothelial cell density between the groups; however, dividing endothelial cells were decreased in the HCD and HCD-R groups (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Resveratrol supplementation improves regional left ventricular function and preserves perfusion to myocardium remote from an area of ischemia in an animal model of metabolic syndrome and chronic myocardial ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Robich
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
76
|
Lassaletta AD, Chu LM, Elmadhun NY, Burgess TA, Feng J, Robich MP, Sellke FW. Cardioprotective effects of red wine and vodka in a model of endothelial dysfunction. J Surg Res 2012; 178:586-92. [PMID: 22748601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate alcohol consumption is largely believed to be cardioprotective, while red wine is hypothesized to offer benefit in part due to the proangiogenic and antioxidant properties of polyphenols. We investigated the cardiovascular effects of both red wine and vodka in a swine model of endothelial dysfunction. METHODS Twenty-seven male Yorkshire swine fed a high-fat/cholesterol diet were divided into three groups and received either no alcohol (Control), red wine, or vodka. After 7 wk, myocardial perfusion was measured, and ventricular tissue was analyzed for microvascular reactivity and immunohistochemical studies. RESULTS There were no differences in myocardial perfusion, in arteriolar or capillary density, or in VEGF expression among groups. Total protein oxidation as well as expression of superoxide dismutase-1 and -2 and NADPH oxidase was decreased in both treatment groups compared to controls. Endothelium-dependent microvessel relaxation, however, was significantly improved only in the red wine-supplemented group. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with both red wine and vodka decreased oxidative stress by several measures, implicating the effects of ethanol in reducing oxidative stress in the myocardium. However, it was only in the red wine-supplemented group that an improvement in microvessel function was observed. This suggests that a component of red wine, independent of ethanol, possibly a polyphenol such as resveratrol, may confer cardioprotection by normalizing endothelial dysfunction induced by an atherogenic diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio D Lassaletta
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02905, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
77
|
Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Kuczmarska A, Kucińska M, Murias M, Wierzchowski M, Winckiewicz M, Staniszewski R, Bręborowicz A, Książek K. Resveratrol and its synthetic derivatives exert opposite effects on mesothelial cell-dependent angiogenesis via modulating secretion of VEGF and IL-8/CXCL8. Angiogenesis 2012; 15:361-76. [PMID: 22451299 PMCID: PMC3409370 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-012-9266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effect of resveratrol (RVT) and its two derivatives (3,3′,4,4′-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene and 3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-hexahydroxy-trans-stilbene) on human peritoneal mesothelial cell (HPMC)-dependent angiogenesis in vitro. To this end, angiogenic activity of endothelial cells (HUVEC, HMVEC, and HMEC-1) was monitored upon their exposure to conditioned medium (CM) from young and senescent HPMCs treated with stilbenes or to stilbenes themselves. Results showed that proliferation and migration of endothelial cells were inhibited in response to indirect (HPMC-dependent) or direct RVT activity. This effect was associated with decreased secretion of VEGF and IL-8/CXCL8 by HPMCs treated with RVT, which confirmed the experiments with recombinant forms of these angiogenic agents. Angiogenic activity of endothelial cells treated with CM from HPMCs exposed to RVT analogues was more effective. Improved migration was particularly evident in cells exposed to CM from senescent HPMCs. Upon direct treatment, RVT derivatives stimulated proliferation (but not migration) of HUVECs, and failed to affect the behaviour of HMVEC and HMEC-1 cells. These compounds stimulated production of VEGF and IL-8/CXCL8 by HPMCs. Studies with neutralizing antibodies against angiogenic factors revealed that augmented angiogenic reactions of endothelial cells exposed to CM from HPMC treated with RVT analogues were related to enhanced production of VEGF and IL-8/CXCL8. Collectively, these findings indicate that RVT and its synthetic analogues divergently alter the secretion of the angiogenic factors by HPMCs, and thus modulate HPMC-dependent angiogenic responses in the opposite directions. This may have implications for the attempts of practical employment of the stilbenes for treatment of pathologies proceeding with abnormal vascularisation of the peritoneal tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Str., 60-781, Poznań, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
78
|
Resveratrol and diabetic cardiac function: focus on recent in vitro and in vivo studies. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2012; 44:281-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-012-9429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
79
|
Robich MP, Chu LM, Oyamada S, Sodha NR, Sellke FW. Myocardial therapeutic angiogenesis: a review of the state of development and future obstacles. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2012; 9:1469-79. [PMID: 22059795 DOI: 10.1586/erc.11.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A significant percentage of patients have coronary artery disease that is too advanced or diffuse for percutaneous or surgical intervention. Therapeutic angiogenesis is a treatment modality to induce vessel formation that is being developed for patients with advanced coronary disease not amenable to currently available interventions. A number of approaches to induce coronary collateralization are being developed. These include gene, protein, cellular and miRNA modalities, each of which have advantages and disadvantages. At this time, no modality has emerged as the single clear choice, and combination therapies may provide synergistic benefits. However, there have been a number of recent studies advancing our knowledge as to how we can refine procollateralizing treatments. In this article, we will examine some recent successes and future obstacles in the effort to bring therapeutic angiogenesis to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Robich
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
80
|
Overfed Ossabaw swine with early stage metabolic syndrome have normal coronary collateral development in response to chronic ischemia. Basic Res Cardiol 2012; 107:243. [PMID: 22231675 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-012-0243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Ossabaw miniswine have been naturally selected to efficiently store large amounts of lipids offering them a survival advantage. Our goal was to evaluate the myocardial response to chronic ischemia of the Ossabaw consuming a hypercaloric, high-fat/cholesterol diet with and without metformin supplementation. At 6 weeks of age animals were fed either a regular diet (OC, n = 9), a hypercaloric high-fat/cholesterol diet (OHC, n = 9), or a hypercaloric high-fat/cholesterol diet supplemented with metformin (OHCM, n = 8). At 9 weeks, all animals underwent ameroid constrictor placement to the left circumflex coronary artery to simulate chronic ischemia. Seven weeks after ameroid placement, all animals underwent hemodynamic and functional measurements followed by cardiac harvest. Both OHC and OHCM animals developed significantly greater weight gain, total cholesterol, and LDL:HDL ratio compared to OC controls. Metformin administration reversed diet-induced hypertension and glucose intolerance. There were no differences in global and regional contractility, myocardial perfusion, capillary and arteriolar density, or total protein oxidation between groups. Myocardial protein expression of VEGF, PPAR-α, γ, and δ was significantly increased in the OHC and OHCM groups. Microvessel reactivity was improved in the OHC and OHCM groups compared to controls, and correlated with increased p-eNOS expression. Overfed Ossabaw miniswine develop several components of metabolic syndrome. However, impairments of myocardial function, neovascularization and perfusion were not present, and microvessel reactivity was paradoxically improved in hypercholesterolemic animals. The observed cardioprotection despite metabolic derangements may be due to lipid-dependant upregulation of the PPAR pathway which is anti-inflammatory and governs myocardial fatty acid metabolism.
Collapse
|
81
|
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Vita
- From the Evans Department of Medicine and the Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Chen C, Ai H, Ren J, Li W, Li P, Qiao R, Ouyang J, Yang M, Ma J, Huang L. A global view of porcine transcriptome in three tissues from a full-sib pair with extreme phenotypes in growth and fat deposition by paired-end RNA sequencing. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:448. [PMID: 21906321 PMCID: PMC3188532 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Elucidation of the pig transcriptome is essential for interpreting functional elements of the genome and understanding the genetic architecture of complex traits such as fat deposition, metabolism and growth. Results Here we used massive parallel high-throughput RNA sequencing to generate a high-resolution map of the porcine mRNA and miRNA transcriptome in liver, longissimus dorsi and abdominal fat from two full-sib F2 hybrid pigs with segregated phenotypes on growth, blood physiological and biochemical parameters, and fat deposition. We obtained 8,508,418-10,219,332 uniquely mapped reads that covered 78.0% of the current annotated transcripts and identified 48,045-122,931 novel transcript fragments, which constituted 17,085-29,499 novel transcriptional active regions in six tested samples. We found that about 18.8% of the annotated genes showed alternative splicing patterns, and alternative 3' splicing is the most common type of alternative splicing events in pigs. Cross-tissue comparison revealed that many transcriptional events are tissue-differential and related to important biological functions in their corresponding tissues. We also detected a total of 164 potential novel miRNAs, most of which were tissue-specifically identified. Integrated analysis of genome-wide association study and differential gene expression revealed interesting candidate genes for complex traits, such as IGF2, CYP1A1, CKM and CES1 for heart weight, hemoglobin, pork pH value and serum cholesterol, respectively. Conclusions This study provides a global view of the complexity of the pig transcriptome, and gives an extensive new knowledge about alternative splicing, gene boundaries and miRNAs in pigs. Integrated analysis of genome wide association study and differential gene expression allows us to find important candidate genes for porcine complex traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congying Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Biotechnology of Jiangxi Province and the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 330045, Nanchang, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Shetty AK. Promise of resveratrol for easing status epilepticus and epilepsy. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 131:269-86. [PMID: 21554899 PMCID: PMC3133838 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RESV; 3,5,4'-tri-hydroxy stilbene), a naturally occurring phytoalexin, is found at a high concentration in the skin of red grapes and red wine. RESV mediates a wide-range of biological activities, which comprise an increased life span, anti-ischemic, anti-cancer, antiviral, anti-aging and anti-inflammatory properties. Studies in several animal prototypes of brain injury suggest that RESV is an effective neuroprotective compound. Ability to enter the brain after a peripheral administration and no adverse effects on the brain or body are other features that are appealing for using this compound as a therapy for brain injury or neurodegenerative diseases. The goal of this review is to discuss the promise of RESV for treating acute seizures, preventing the acute seizure or status epilepticus induced development of chronic epilepsy, and easing the chronic epilepsy typified by spontaneous recurrent seizures and cognitive dysfunction. First, the various beneficial effects of RESV on the normal brain are discussed to provide a rationale for considering RESV treatment in the management of acute seizures and epilepsy. Next, the detrimental effects of acute seizures or status epilepticus on the hippocampus and the implications of post-status epilepticus changes in the hippocampus towards the occurrence of chronic epilepsy and cognitive dysfunction are summarized. The final segment evaluates studies that have used RESV as a neuroprotective compound against seizures, and proposes studies that are critically needed prior to the clinical application of RESV as a prophylaxis against the development of chronic epilepsy and cognitive dysfunction after an episode of status epilepticus or head injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Shetty
- Medical Research and Surgery Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Chu LM, Lassaletta AD, Robich MP, Sellke FW. Resveratrol in the Prevention and Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2011; 13:439-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s11883-011-0202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
85
|
Chu LM, Robich MP, Lassaletta AD, Feng J, Laham RJ, Burgess T, Clements RT, Sellke FW. Resveratrol supplementation abrogates pro-arteriogenic effects of intramyocardial vascular endothelial growth factor in a hypercholesterolemic swine model of chronic ischemia. Surgery 2011; 150:390-9. [PMID: 21783219 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials of therapeutic angiogenesis with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been disappointing, owing likely to endothelial dysfunction. We used a swine model of chronic ischemia and endothelial dysfunction to determine whether resveratrol coadministration would improve the angiogenic response to VEGF therapy. METHODS Yorkshire swine fed a high-cholesterol diet underwent left circumflex ameroid constrictor placement, and were given either no drug (high cholesterol control [HCC], n = 8), perivascular VEGF (2 μg sustained release [high cholesterol VEGF-treated; HCV], n = 8), or VEGF plus oral resveratrol (10 mg/kg, [high cholesterol VEGF- and resveratrol-treated; HCVR], n = 8). After 7 weeks, myocardial contractility, perfusion, and microvessel reactivity in the ischemic territory were assessed. Tissue was analyzed for vessel density, oxidative stress, and protein expression. RESULTS Myocardial perfusion was significantly improved in the HCV group compared with the HCC group; resveratrol coadministration abrogated this improvement. There were no differences in regional myocardial contractility between groups. Endothelium-dependent microvessel relaxation was improved in the HCVR group, and endothelium-independent relaxation response was similar between groups. Arteriolar density was greatest in the HCV group, whereas capillary density was similar between groups. Expression of Akt and phospho-endothelial nitric oxide synthase were increased in the HCVR group. Total protein oxidative stress and myeloperoxidase expression were reduced in the HCVR group, but so was the oxidative-stress dependent phosphorylation of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and β-catenin. CONCLUSION Although resveratrol coadministration decreases oxidative stress and improves endothelial function, it abolishes improvements in myocardial perfusion and arteriolar density afforded by VEGF treatment alone. This effect is due likely to inhibition of the oxidative stress-dependent phosphorylation of VE-cadherin, an essential step in the initiation of arteriogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis M Chu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Calorie restriction and resveratrol in cardiovascular health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2011; 1812:1477-89. [PMID: 21749920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 06/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction is one of the most effective nutritional interventions that reproducibly protects against obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Recent evidence suggests that even when implemented over a short period, calorie restriction is a safe and effective treatment for cardiovascular disease. Herein, we review the effects of calorie restriction on the cardiovascular system as well as the biological effects of resveratrol, the most widely studied molecule that appears to mimic calorie restriction. An overview of microarray data reveals that the myocardial transcriptional effects of calorie restriction overlap with the transcriptional responses to resveratrol treatment. In addition, calorie restriction and resveratrol modulate similar pathways to improve mitochondrial function, reduce oxidative stress and increase nitric oxide production that are involved in atherosclerosis prevention, blood pressure reduction, attenuation of left-ventricular hypertrophy, resistance to myocardial ischemic injury and heart failure prevention. We also review the data that suggest that the effects of calorie restriction and resveratrol on the cardiovascular system may involve signaling through the silent information regulator of transcription (SIRT), Akt and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways. While accumulating data demonstrate the health benefits of calorie restriction and resveratrol in experimental animal models, whether these interventions translate to patients with cardiovascular disease remains to be determined.
Collapse
|
87
|
Therapeutic neovascularization for coronary disease: current state and future prospects. Basic Res Cardiol 2011; 106:897-909. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-011-0200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
88
|
Wang H, Yang YJ, Qian HY, Zhang Q, Xu H, Li JJ. Resveratrol in cardiovascular disease: what is known from current research? Heart Fail Rev 2011; 17:437-48. [PMID: 21688187 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-011-9260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
89
|
What is new for an old molecule? Systematic review and recommendations on the use of resveratrol. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19881. [PMID: 21698226 PMCID: PMC3116821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resveratrol is a natural compound suggested to have beneficial health effects. However, people are consuming resveratrol for this reason without having the adequate scientific evidence for its effects in humans. Therefore, scientific valid recommendations concerning the human intake of resveratrol based on available published scientific data are necessary. Such recommendations were formulated after the Resveratrol 2010 conference, held in September 2010 in Helsingør, Denmark. Methodology Literature search in databases as PubMed and ISI Web of Science in combination with manual search was used to answer the following five questions: 1Can resveratrol be recommended in the prevention or treatment of human diseases?; 2Are there observed “side effects” caused by the intake of resveratrol in humans?; 3What is the relevant dose of resveratrol?; 4What valid data are available regarding an effect in various species of experimental animals?; 5Which relevant (overall) mechanisms of action of resveratrol have been documented? Conclusions/Significance The overall conclusion is that the published evidence is not sufficiently strong to justify a recommendation for the administration of resveratrol to humans, beyond the dose which can be obtained from dietary sources. On the other hand, animal data are promising in prevention of various cancer types, coronary heart diseases and diabetes which strongly indicate the need for human clinical trials. Finally, we suggest directions for future research in resveratrol regarding its mechanism of action and its safety and toxicology in human subjects.
Collapse
|
90
|
Robich MP, Osipov RM, Chu LM, Han Y, Feng J, Nezafat R, Clements RT, Manning WJ, Sellke FW. Resveratrol modifies risk factors for coronary artery disease in swine with metabolic syndrome and myocardial ischemia. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 664:45-53. [PMID: 21575630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol has been purported to modify risk factors for obesity and cardiovascular disease. We sought to examine the effects of resveratrol in a porcine model of metabolic syndrome and chronic myocardial ischemia. Yorkshire swine were fed either a normal diet (control), a high cholesterol diet (HCD), or a high cholesterol diet with supplemental resveratrol (HCD-R; 100mg/kg/day) for 11 weeks. After 4 weeks of diet modification a baseline cardiovascular MRI was performed and an ameroid constrictor was placed on the left circumflex coronary artery of each animal to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. At 7 weeks, a second cardiovascular MRI was performed and swine were sacrificed and myocardial tissue harvested. Resveratrol supplementation resulted in lower body mass indices, serum cholesterol, and C-reactive protein levels, improved glucose tolerance and endothelial function, and favorably augmented signaling pathways associated with myocardial metabolism. Interestingly, serum tumor necrosis factor-α levels were not influenced by resveratrol treatment. Immunoblotting for markers of metabolism demonstrated that insulin receptor substrate-1, glucose transporters 1 and 4, and phospho-AMPK were increased in the HCD-R group. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and retinol binding protein 4 were downregulated in the HCD-R group as compared to the HCD group. Myocardial perfusion and function at rest as assessed with magnetic resonance imaging were not different between groups. By favorably influencing risk factors, resveratrol may decrease the burden of chronic metabolic disease and improve cardiovascular health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Robich
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
91
|
Bibliography-Editors' selection of current word literature. Coron Artery Dis 2010; 22:45-7. [PMID: 21160292 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0b013e328342fc9d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|