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Lee SJ, Choi HR, Lee JC, Park HJ, Lee HK, Jeong JT, Lee TB. The Anti-aging Effects of Various Berries in the Human Skin Keratinocyte (HaCaT) Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.9721/kjfst.2014.46.2.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yoon HS, Kim JW, Kim SH, Kim YG, Eom HJ. Quality Characteristics of Bread added with Aronia Powder (Aronia melanocarpa). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.2.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Chen X, Lin HZ, Jiang SG, Wu KC, Liu YJ, Tian LX, Zhang YQ, Niu J. Dietary supplementation of honeysuckle improves the growth, survival and immunity of Penaeus monodon. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:161-169. [PMID: 23639934 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Two trials were conducted to determine the effects of honeysuckle on shrimp, Penaeus monodon, first on growth performance, secondly on the immune response of shrimp. In trial 1, shrimp (mean initial wet weight about 3.02 g) were fed with five diets containing 0% (basal diet), 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% honeysuckle in triplicate for 60 days. Growth performance (final body wet weight, FBW; weight gain, WG; biomass gain, BG) of shrimp fed honeysuckle diets were higher (P < 0.05) than that of shrimp fed the basal diet, shrimp fed 0.4% honeysuckle diet showed the highest value of growth performance. Shrimp fed 0.2% honeysuckle diet showed highest value of survival. The total antioxidant status (TAS) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of shrimp fed 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% honeysuckle diets were higher (P < 0.05) than those of shrimp fed basal and 0.1% honeysuckle diets. Hepatopancreas malondialdehyde (MDA) of shrimp fed honeysuckle diets were lower (P < 0.05) than that of shrimp fed the basal diet. Total haemocyte count of shrimp fed the basal diet was lower (P < 0.05) than that of shrimp fed honeysuckle diets. Haemolymph clotting time of shrimp had the opposite trend with the total haemocyte count of shrimp. In trial 2, the shrimp were exposed to air during a simulated live transportation for 36 h after the rearing trial. The antioxidant responses were characterized by lower TAS and higher antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase: SOD, GSH-Px) and higher oxidative stress level (MDA) in the hepatopancreas compared to levels found in trial 1. No mortalities were observed in any diet groups after 36 h of simulated live transportation. The glutathione (GSH) content and TAS of shrimp fed 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% honeysuckle diets were higher (P < 0.05) than those of shrimp fed the basal and 0.1% honeysuckle diets. The SOD activity of shrimp fed the basal diet was higher (P < 0.05) than that of shrimp fed honeysuckle diets. The GSH-Px activity of shrimp fed the basal diet was lower (P < 0.05) than that of shrimp fed 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% honeysuckle diets but without significant difference (P > 0.05) with shrimp fed 0.1% honeysuckle diet. Moreover, the oxidative stress level (MDA) recorded in the hepatopancreas with shrimp submitted to the honeysuckle diets were lower. In conclusion, results suggested that dietary intake containing honeysuckle could enhance the growth performance of P. monodon and improve its resistance to air exposure during simulated live transportation. Considering the effect of honeysuckle on both growth performance and survival of P. monodon, the level of honeysuckle supplemented in the diet should be between 0.2% and 0.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510300, PR China
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Sabzevari A, Adibkia K, Hashemi H, Hedayatfar A, Mohsenzadeh N, Atyabi F, Ghahremani MH, Dinarvand R. Polymeric triamcinolone acetonide nanoparticles as a new alternative in the treatment of uveitis: In vitro and in vivo studies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 84:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Xu J, Mojsoska B. The Immunomodulation Effect of Aronia Extract Lacks Association with Its Antioxidant Anthocyanins. J Med Food 2013; 16:334-42. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Department of Science, Systems, and Models, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Biljana Mojsoska
- Department of Science, Systems, and Models, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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Denev PN, Kratchanov CG, Ciz M, Lojek A, Kratchanova MG. Bioavailability and Antioxidant Activity of Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) Polyphenols: in vitro and in vivo Evidences and Possible Mechanisms of Action: A Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2012.00198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Comparison of fatty acid profiles and contents of seed oils recovered from dessert and cider apples and further Rosaceous plants. Eur Food Res Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-012-1709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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He RR, Tsoi B, Lan F, Yao N, Yao XS, Kurihara H. Antioxidant properties of lutein contribute to the protection against lipopolysaccharide-induced uveitis in mice. Chin Med 2011; 6:38. [PMID: 22040935 PMCID: PMC3217882 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-6-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lutein is an important eye-protective nutrient. This study investigates the protective effects and mechanisms of lutein on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced uveitis in mice. METHODS Lutein, suspended in drinking water at a final concentration of 12.5 and 25 mg/mL, was administered to mice at 0.1 mL/10 g body weight for five consecutive days. Control and model group received drinking water only. Uveitis was induced by injecting LPS (100 mg per mouse) into the footpad in the model and lutein groups on day 5 after the last drug administration. Eyes of the mice were collected 24 hours after the LPS injection for the detection of indicators using commercial kits and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS LPS-induced uveitis was confirmed by significant pathological damage and increased the nitric oxide level in eye tissue of BALB/C mice 24 hours after the footpad injection. The elevated nitric oxide level was significantly reduced by oral administration of lutein (125 and 500 mg/kg/d for five days) before LPS injection. Moreover, lutein decreased the malondialdehyde content, increased the oxygen radical absorbance capacity level, glutathione, the vitamin C contents and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. Lutein further increased expressions of copper-zinc SOD, manganese SOD and GPx mRNA. Conclusion The antioxidant properties of lutein contribute to the protection against LPS-induced uveitis, partially through the intervention of inflammation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong He
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bun Tsoi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fang Lan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Kanai K, Ito Y, Nagai N, Itoh N, Hori Y, Chikazawa S, Hoshi F, Higuchi S. Effects of instillation of eyedrops containing disulfiram and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex on endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats. Curr Eye Res 2011; 37:124-31. [PMID: 22029776 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2011.622853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the instillation of disulfirum (DSF) eyedrops that enhance solubility using 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats and mechanisms related to ocular inflammation. METHODS EIU was induced in male Lewis rats by subcutaneous injection of 200 μg lipopolysaccharide (LPS). DSF (0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5%) or commercially available 0.05% dexamethasone (Dexa) was topically applied to both eyes of rats 1 hour before, immediately after, and 1 and 2 hours after injection of LPS. The aqueous humor (AqH) was collected 24 hours after LPS injection, and the number of infiltrating cells, protein concentration, and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were determined. Immunohistochemical analysis of the iris ciliary body (ICB) cells was performed to determine the expression of activated nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). RESULTS The topical administration with DSF suppressed, in a dose-dependent manner, the number of inflammatory cells, the protein concentration, and the levels of NO, TNF-α and PGE2 in the AqH and improved the histologic status of the ocular tissue. The anti-inflammatory potency of 0.5% DSF treatment was as strong as that of 0.05% Dexa. Topical DSF treatment also suppressed the activated NF-κB 3 hours after LPS injection, and iNOS and COX-2 expression in the ICB 24 hours after LPS injection. CONCLUSIONS The present results demonstrate that the topical instillation of DSF eyedrops suppresses the inflammation in EIU, suggesting a possible novel approach for the treatment of ocular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Kanai
- Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kitasato, Towada, Aomori, Japan.
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Yadav UCS, Kalariya NM, Ramana KV. Emerging role of antioxidants in the protection of uveitis complications. Curr Med Chem 2011; 18:931-42. [PMID: 21182473 PMCID: PMC3084581 DOI: 10.2174/092986711794927694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current understanding of the role of oxidative stress in ocular inflammatory diseases indicates that antioxidant therapy may be important to optimize the treatment. Recently investigated antioxidant therapies for ocular inflammatory diseases include various vitamins, plant products and reactive oxygen species scavengers. Oxidative stress plays a causative role in both non-infectious and infectious uveitis complications, and novel strategies to diminish tissue damage and dysfunction with antioxidant therapy may ameliorate visual complications. Preclinical studies with experimental animals and cultured cells demonstrate significant anti-inflammatory effects of a number of promising antioxidant agents. Many of these antioxidants are under clinical trial for various inflammatory diseases other than uveitis such as cardiovascular, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. Well planned interventional clinical studies in the field of ocular inflammation will be necessary to sufficiently investigate the potential medical benefits of antioxidant therapies for uveitis. This review summarizes the recent investigations of novel antioxidant agents for ocular inflammation, with selected studies focused on uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh C S Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX-77555
| | - Nilesh M Kalariya
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX-77555
| | - Kota V Ramana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX-77555
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Chrubasik C, Li G, Chrubasik S. The clinical effectiveness of chokeberry: a systematic review. Phytother Res 2010; 24:1107-14. [PMID: 20572194 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Products derived from the black chokeberry, Aronia melanocarpa, are claimed to be beneficial in disorders or diseases associated with oxidative stress. The claims are based on evidence from in vitro studies and animal experiments. The active principle--a mixture of procyanidins, anthocyanins and phenolic acids--constitutes one of the most potent natural antioxidants. A systematic review was carried out of the quality of the clinical trials on chokeberry products that had been published up to December 2009, and conventionally established criteria were used to assess the strength of the evidence for their clinical effectiveness. Thirteen studies were identified. The quality of most of the trials and, correspondingly, the evidence of effectiveness for Aronia products is poor. Though laboratory and clinical data indicate that chokeberry products may well be useful as 'functional food' for disorders or diseases related to oxidative stress, these promising indications need to be confirmed in more rigorous studies before putative therapeutic uses can be confidently recommended for chokeberry products.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chrubasik
- Braun School of Public Health, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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62
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Kanai K, Itoh N, Yoshioka K, Yonezawa T, Ikadai H, Hori Y, Ito Y, Nagai N, Chikazawa S, Hoshi F, Higuchi S. Inhibitory Effects of Oral Disulfiram on Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis in Rats. Curr Eye Res 2010; 35:892-9. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2010.495442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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63
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Kim YH, Kim YS, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Choi WS. Resveratrol inhibits neuronal apoptosis and elevated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity in diabetic mouse retina. Diabetes 2010; 59:1825-35. [PMID: 20424226 PMCID: PMC2889785 DOI: 10.2337/db09-1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of resveratrol, a natural polyphenol with neuroprotective properties, on retinal neuronal cell death mediated by diabetes-induced activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Diabetes was induced in C57BL/6 mice by five consecutive intraperitoneal injections of 55 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Control mice received buffer. All mice were killed 2 months after the injections, and the extent of neuronal cell death, CaMKII, and phospho-CaMKII protein expression levels and CaMKII kinase activity were examined in the retinas. To assess the role of CaMKII in the death of retinal neurons, a small-interfering RNA (siRNA) or specific inhibitor of CaMKII was injected into the right vitreous humor, and vehicle only was injected into the left vitreous humor, 2 days before death. Resveratrol (20 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage daily for 4 weeks, beginning 1 month after the fifth injection of either STZ or buffer. RESULTS The death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), CaMKII, phospho-CaMKII protein levels, and CaMKII activity were all greatly increased in the retinas of diabetic mice compared with controls, 2 months after induction of diabetes. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive signals co-localized with CaMKII- and phospho-CaMKII immunoreactive RGCs. However, in addition to CaMKII knockdown and inhibition by siRNA or a specific inhibitor, respectively, resveratrol provided complete protection from diabetes-induced retinal cell death. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, resveratrol prevented diabetes-induced RGC death via CaMKII downregulation, implying that resveratrol may have potential therapeutic applications for prevention of diabetes-induced visual dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hee Kim
- From the Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Yoon-Sook Kim
- From the Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Sang-Soo Kang
- From the Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Gyeong-Jae Cho
- From the Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Wan-Sung Choi
- From the Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Korea
- Corresponding author: Wan Sung Choi,
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Kujawska M, Ignatowicz E, Ewertowska M, Oszmiański J, Jodynis-Liebert J. Protective effect of chokeberry on chemical-induced oxidative stress in rat. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:199-208. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327110371697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Male Wistar rats were treated with chokeberry juice per os, 10 mL/kg/day, for 28 days and a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), 150 mg/kg, or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), 2 ml/kg. The level of hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation, expressed as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), was increased in animals dosed with NDEA and CCl4. Juice pretreatment resulted in a significant decrease in TBARS by 53% and 92%, respectively. In rats administered juice alone, 50% decrease in TBARS was noted. The activities of all antioxidant enzymes were decreased in the liver of rats administered either toxicant by 29%—52% as compared to controls. Juice pretreatment resulted in an increase in the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase by 117%, 56% and 44%, respectively, only in rats challenged with NDEA. Although no response of plasma protein carbonyls to both toxicants was observed, the pretreatment with juice caused a 55% decrease of this parameter in CCl4—dosed rats. DNA damage in blood leukocytes induced by either toxicant was slightly reduced, by 24%, in the rats pretreated with juice and administered NDEA. The results of the study showed that pretreatment with chokeberry juice confers some protection against chemical-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Ignatowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Jan Oszmiański
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Environmental and Life Science University, Wrocław, Poland
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Kalt W, Hanneken A, Milbury P, Tremblay F. Recent research on polyphenolics in vision and eye health. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:4001-4007. [PMID: 20102149 DOI: 10.1021/jf903038r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A long-standing yet controversial bioactivity attributed to polyphenols is their beneficial effects in vision. Although anecdotal case reports and in vitro research studies provide evidence for the visual benefits of anthocyanin-rich berries, rigorous clinical evidence of their benefits is still lacking. Recent in vitro studies demonstrate that anthocyanins and other flavonoids interact directly with rhodopsin and modulate visual pigment function. Additional in vitro studies show flavonoids protect a variety of retinal cell types from oxidative stress-induced cell death, a neuroprotective property of significance because the retina has the highest metabolic rate of any tissue and is particularly vulnerable to oxidative injury. However, more information is needed on the bioactivity of in vivo conjugates and the accumulation of flavonoids in ocular tissues. The direct and indirect costs of age-related vision impairment provide a powerful incentive to explore the potential for improved vision health through the intake of dietary polyphenolics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelmina Kalt
- Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Kokotkiewicz A, Jaremicz Z, Luczkiewicz M. AroniaPlants: A Review of Traditional Use, Biological Activities, and Perspectives for Modern Medicine. J Med Food 2010; 13:255-69. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kokotkiewicz
- The Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Jaremicz
- The Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maria Luczkiewicz
- The Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Yadav UCS, Subramanyam S, Ramana KV. Prevention of endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats by benfotiamine, a lipophilic analogue of vitamin B1. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50:2276-82. [PMID: 19136698 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.08-2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the amelioration of ocular inflammation in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats by benfotiamine, a lipid-soluble analogue of thiamine. METHODS EIU in Lewis rats was induced by subcutaneous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) followed by treatment with benfotiamine. The rats were killed 3 or 24 hours after LPS injection, eyes were enucleated, aqueous humor (AqH) was collected, and the number of infiltrating cells, protein concentration, and inflammatory marker levels were determined. Immunohistochemical analysis of eye sections was performed to determine the expression of inducible-nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (Cox)-2, protein kinase C (PKC), and transcription factor NF-kappaB. RESULTS Infiltrating leukocytes, protein concentrations, and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were significantly elevated in the AqH of EIU rats compared with control rats, and benfotiamine treatment suppressed these increases. Similarly increased expression of inflammatory markers iNOS and Cox-2 in ciliary body and retinal wall was also significantly inhibited by benfotiamine. The increased phosphorylation of PKC and the activation of NF-kappaB in the ciliary body and in the retinal wall of EIU rat eyes were suppressed by benfotiamine. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that benfotiamine suppresses oxidative stress-induced NF-kappaB-dependent inflammatory signaling leading to uveitis. Therefore, benfotiamine could be used as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of ocular inflammation, especially uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh C S Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0647, USA
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68
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Jurgoński A, Juśkiewicz J, Zduńczyk Z. Ingestion of black chokeberry fruit extract leads to intestinal and systemic changes in a rat model of prediabetes and hyperlipidemia. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2008; 63:176-182. [PMID: 18726160 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-008-0087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 07/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This report presents a complex analysis of changes proceeding in the gut, blood and internal organs of rats with induced oxidative stress, glucose intolerance and hyperlipidemia after dietary supplementation with an extract from black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) fruit, that is a condensed source of polyphenols (714 mg/g), especially anthocyanin glycosides (56.6%). The disturbances mimicking those observed in metabolic syndrome were induced by a high-fructose diet and simultaneous single injection of streptozotocin (20 mg/kg). Dietary supplementation with the chokeberry fruit extract (0.2%) decreased activity of maltase and sucrase as well as increased activity of lactase in the mucosa of the small intestine. Its ingestion led also to the improvement of antioxidant status, especially, the concentration of a lipid peroxidation indicator (TBARS) in organ tissues (liver, kidney and lung) was normalized; some cholesterol-lowering and distinct hypoglycemic actions were also observed. The mechanism of glucose reduction is likely to be multifactorial, and we suggest the factors related with the decreased activity of mucosal disaccharidases important for further investigation. In conclusion, chokeberry fruit derivatives may act as a promising supplementary therapeutic option in the prevention and treatment of disorders occurring in metabolic syndrome, as well as their complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Jurgoński
- Department of Biological Analysis of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
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69
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Jeong JM. Antioxidative and Antiallergic Effects of Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) Extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.9.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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70
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Skupień K, Kostrzewa-Nowak D, Oszmiański J, Tarasiuk J. In vitro antileukaemic activity of extracts from chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa [Michx] Elliott) and mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves against sensitive and multidrug resistant HL60 cells. Phytother Res 2008; 22:689-94. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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71
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Xiang ZN, Zhan Y, Ning ZX. Purification of chlorogenic acid in Flos Lonicerae with system of polar ordered resins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11771-007-0071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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72
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Choi EH, Ok HE, Yoon Y, Magnuson BA, Kim MK, Chun HS. Protective effect of anthocyanin-rich extract from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) against myelotoxicity induced by 5-fluorouracil. Biofactors 2007; 29:55-65. [PMID: 17611294 DOI: 10.1002/biof.5520290106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The toxicities associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a potent broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent, can not only affect the morbidity and the efficacy of chemotherapy but also limit its clinical use. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of a commercial anthocyanin-rich extract from bilberry (AREB) against 5-FU-induced myelotoxicity in vivo, and against chemosensitivity to 5-FU in vitro. A single injection of 5-FU at 200 mg/kg induced severe peripheral erythrocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia as well as hypocellularity of the spleen and bone marrow in C57BL/6 mice. Oral administration of 500 mg/kg of AREB for 10 days significantly increased the number of red blood cells, neutrophils, and monocytes in peripheral blood to 1.2-fold, 9-fold, and 6-fold, respectively, compared with those seen after treatment with 5-FU alone (p< 0.05-0.001). The hypocellularity of the spleen and bone marrow caused by 5-FU was also distinctly alleviated in the AREB-treated group. Furthermore, AREB treatment with 50 and 100 microg/ml as a monomeric anthocyanin did not interfere with, but rather enhanced the chemotherapeutic efficacy of 5-FU in vitro. These results suggest that AREB may have protective potential against 5-FU-induced myelotoxiciy and/or the ability to enhance the chemotherapeutic effectiveness of 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Choi
- Food Safety Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, San 46-1, Backhyun, Bundang-gu, Sungnam, Kyonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea
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73
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Prior RL, Wu X. Anthocyanins: structural characteristics that result in unique metabolic patterns and biological activities. Free Radic Res 2006; 40:1014-28. [PMID: 17015246 DOI: 10.1080/10715760600758522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Interest in anthocyanins has increased immensely during the past decade. From these studies, it is clear that anthocyanins have unique properties: Anthocyanins are absorbed intact and absorption can be saturated; acylation of anthocyanins lowers their apparent absorption; anthocyanidin diglycosides in the form of sambubioside or rutinoside impart increased stability to the anthocyanin molecule; and the quantities excreted in urine are less than 0.1% of intake. However, 60-90% of the anthocyanins may disappear from the gastrointestinal tract within 4 h after a meal. What happens to the bulk of the anthocyanins that disappear is not clear. Degradation accounts for a part of this disappearance, but differs for the various aglycones and may be modified further by the nature of the aglycone glycosylation, which further complicates our understanding of this process. Anthocyanins may play an important role in health promotion in terms of obesity prevention, cardiovascular health, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald L Prior
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, 1120 Marshall Street, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA.
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Sueiro L, Yousef G, Seigler D, de Mejia E, Grace M, Lila M. Chemopreventive Potential of Flavonoid Extracts from Plantation-Bred and Wild Aronia melanocarpa (Black Chokeberry) Fruits. J Food Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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75
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Jin XH, Ohgami K, Shiratori K, Suzuki Y, Koyama Y, Yoshida K, Ilieva I, Tanaka T, Onoe K, Ohno S. Effects of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) extract on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Exp Eye Res 2005; 82:860-7. [PMID: 16309673 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2005.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2005] [Revised: 10/06/2005] [Accepted: 10/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of blue honeysuckle extract (BHE), which contains high level of phenolic compounds, on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). Male Lewis rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 14 rats in each (eight rats for collection of aqueous humor, six rats for histologic examination). EIU was induced by a footpad injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 1, 10, or 100 mg of BHE was injected intravenously immediately after LPS injection. The aqueous humor was collected at 24 h after LPS injection, the number of infiltrating cells, protein concentration, nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and prostaglandin (PG)-E2 levels in the aqueous humor were determined. Some eyes were enucleated for histologic examination and immunohistochemical analysis. Immunohistochemical staining with a monoclonal antibody against activated nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB was performed to evaluate the effect of BHE on NF-kappaB activation. To further clarify the anti-inflammatory effect, RAW264.7 cells (a mouse macrophage cell line) were stimulated with LPS in the presence or absence of BHE and its major phenolics, cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G), cyanidin 3-rutinoside (C3R), chlorogenic acid (CA). Expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were analyzed by Western blot method. BHE treatment significantly reduced the inflammatory cell infiltration, the protein concentration, the levels of NO, TNF-alpha and PGE2 in the aqueous humor and improved histologic status of the ocular tissue. The number of activated NF-kappaB-positive cells was lower in the iris-ciliary body treated with BHE at 3 h after LPS injection. BHE significantly suppressed the production of NO, PGE2 and TNF-alpha in the culture medium as well as the expression of iNOS and COX-2 by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent fashion. C3G, C3R and CA showed no or weak inhibitory effects on the level of inflammatory mediators and the expression of iNOS and COX-2. These results suggest that BHE attenuates the degree of inflammation in eyes with EIU by inhibiting the NF-kappaB dependent signaling pathway and the subsequent production of proinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Hai Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638 Japan.
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Wu X, Pittman HE, McKay S, Prior RL. Aglycones and sugar moieties alter anthocyanin absorption and metabolism after berry consumption in weanling pigs. J Nutr 2005; 135:2417-24. [PMID: 16177206 DOI: 10.1093/jn/135.10.2417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the absorption and metabolism of anthocyanins (ACNs) with different aglycones and sugar moieties, weanling pigs (11.4 +/- 3.8 kg) were fed, in a single meal, a freeze-dried powder of chokeberry, black currant, or elderberry at a single dose of 229, 140, or 228 mumol total ACN/kg body weight (BW), respectively. These berries provided ACNs with differences in aglycone as well as some unique differences in the sugar moieties. The relative proportions of the different metabolites depended upon concentrations, quantities consumed, and types of glycoside of ACNs in the berry. Delphinidin ACNs were not metabolized to any measurable extent. Cyanidin ACNs were metabolized via methylation and glucuronidation as well as by formation of both derivatives on the same ACN molecule. ACNs with either a di- or trisaccharide attached to them were excreted in the urine primarily as the intact form. Over 80% of the ACN compounds containing rutinose or sambubiose, which were excreted in the urine from black currant, elderberry, or Marion blackberry, were excreted as the intact molecule. The limited metabolism of these ACNs that did occur was via methylation. ACN monoglycosides other than the glucoside were metabolized via methylation and/or glucuronide formation. The monoglucuronide that formed represented a small proportion of the metabolites relative to the methylated or the mixed methylated and glucuronide forms of ACNs. The data clearly demonstrate that the aglycone and the sugar moieties can alter the apparent absorption and metabolism of ACNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianli Wu
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
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