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Calvey C, Zhou W, Stakleff KS, Sendelbach-Sloan P, Harkins AB, Lanzinger W, Willits RK. Short-term electrical stimulation to promote nerve repair and functional recovery in a rat model. J Hand Surg Am 2015; 40:314-22. [PMID: 25459379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of duration of electrical stimulation on peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Based on previous work, we hypothesized that applying 10 minutes of electrical stimulation to a 10-mm rat sciatic nerve defect would significantly improve nerve regeneration and functional recovery compared with the non-electrical stimulation group. METHODS A silicone tube filled with a collagen gel was used to bridge a 10-mm nerve defect in rats, and either 10 minutes or 60 minutes of electrical stimulation was applied to the nerve during surgery. Controls consisted of a silicone tube with collagen gel and no electrical stimulation or an isograft. We analyzed recovery over a 12-week period, measuring sciatic functional index and extensor postural thrust scores and concluding with histological examination of the nerve. RESULTS Functional assessment scores at week 12 increased 24% in the 10-minute group as compared to the no stimulation control group. Electrical stimulation of either 10 or 60 minutes improved the number of nerve fibers over no stimulation. Additionally, the electrical stimulation group's histomorphometric analysis was not different from the isograft group. CONCLUSIONS Several previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of 60-minute stimulations on peripheral nerve regeneration. This study demonstrated that an electrical stimulation of 10 minutes enhanced several functional and histomorphometric outcomes of nerve regeneration and was overall similar to a 60-minute stimulation over 12 weeks. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Decreasing the electrical stimulation time from 60 minutes to 10 minutes provided a potential clinically feasible and safe method to enhance nerve regeneration and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Calvey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Kenneth Calhoun Research Laboratory, Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH; Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Wenda Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Kenneth Calhoun Research Laboratory, Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH; Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kimberly Sloan Stakleff
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Kenneth Calhoun Research Laboratory, Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH; Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Patricia Sendelbach-Sloan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Kenneth Calhoun Research Laboratory, Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH; Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Amy B Harkins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Kenneth Calhoun Research Laboratory, Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH; Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - William Lanzinger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Kenneth Calhoun Research Laboratory, Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH; Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Rebecca Kuntz Willits
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Kenneth Calhoun Research Laboratory, Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH; Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO.
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Brandt J, Evans JT, Mildenhall T, Mulligan A, Konieczny A, Rose SJ, English AW. Delaying the onset of treadmill exercise following peripheral nerve injury has different effects on axon regeneration and motoneuron synaptic plasticity. J Neurophysiol 2015; 113:2390-9. [PMID: 25632080 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00892.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transection of a peripheral nerve results in withdrawal of synapses from motoneurons. Some of the withdrawn synapses are restored spontaneously, but those containing the vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1), and arising mainly from primary afferent neurons, are withdrawn permanently. If animals are exercised immediately after nerve injury, regeneration of the damaged axons is enhanced and no withdrawal of synapses from injured motoneurons can be detected. We investigated whether delaying the onset of exercise until after synapse withdrawal had occurred would yield similar results. In Lewis rats, the right sciatic nerve was cut and repaired. Reinnervation of the soleus muscle was monitored until a direct muscle (M) response was observed to stimulation of the tibial nerve. At that time, rats began 2 wk of daily treadmill exercise using an interval training protocol. Both M responses and electrically-evoked H reflexes were monitored weekly for an additional seven wk. Contacts made by structures containing VGLUT1 or glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) with motoneurons were studied from confocal images of retrogradely labeled cells. Timing of full muscle reinnervation was similar in both delayed and immediately exercised rats. H reflex amplitude in delayed exercised rats was only half that found in immediately exercised animals. Unlike immediately exercised animals, motoneuron contacts containing VGLUT1 in delayed exercised rats were reduced significantly, relative to intact rats. The therapeutic window for application of exercise as a treatment to promote restoration of synaptic inputs onto motoneurons following peripheral nerve injury is different from that for promoting axon regeneration in the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Brandt
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jonathan T Evans
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Taylor Mildenhall
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amanda Mulligan
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Aimee Konieczny
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Samuel J Rose
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Arthur W English
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Mattei TA, Rehman AA. Technological developments and future perspectives on graphene-based metamaterials: a primer for neurosurgeons. Neurosurgery 2014; 74:499-516; discussion 516. [PMID: 24476906 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene, a monolayer atomic-scale honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms, has been considered the greatest revolution in metamaterials research in the past 5 years. Its developers were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010, and massive funding has been directed to graphene-based experimental research in the last years. For instance, an international scientific collaboration has recently received a €1 billion grant from the European Flagship Initiative, the largest amount of financial resources ever granted for a single research project in the history of modern science. Because of graphene's unique optical, thermal, mechanical, electronic, and quantum properties, the incorporation of graphene-based metamaterials to biomedical applications is expected to lead to major technological breakthroughs in the next few decades. Current frontline research in graphene technology includes the development of high-performance, lightweight, and malleable electronic devices, new optical modulators, ultracapacitors, molecular biodevices, organic photovoltaic cells, lithium-ion microbatteries, frequency multipliers, quantum dots, and integrated circuits, just to mention a few. With such advances, graphene technology is expected to significantly impact several areas of neurosurgery, including neuro-oncology, neurointensive care, neuroregeneration research, peripheral nerve surgery, functional neurosurgery, and spine surgery. In this topic review, the authors provide a basic introduction to the main electrophysical properties of graphene. Additionally, future perspectives of ongoing frontline investigations on this new metamaterial are discussed, with special emphasis on those research fields that are expected to most substantially impact experimental and clinical neurosurgery in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias A Mattei
- *Invision Health Brain and Spine Center, Williamsville, New York; ‡University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, Illinois
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Ho CY, Lin HC, Lee YC, Chou LW, Kuo TW, Chang HW, Chen YS, Lo SF. Clinical effectiveness of acupuncture for carpal tunnel syndrome. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:303-14. [PMID: 24707864 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments of symptomatic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) may improve symptoms and aid nerve repair as well as improve sensory and motor functions. However, limited evidence is available regarding the effects of these treatments based on comprehensive evaluation methods. This research completed the treatment and evaluation of 26 patients with confirmed CTS. Participants were divided into two treatment groups based on a modified neurophysiological grading scale. Of the total number of participants, 15 received acupuncture and 11 received electroacupuncture on both upper limbs. Acupoints were PC-7 (Daling) and PC-6 (Neiguan) along the pericardial meridian compatible with the median nerve tract. The treatment program consisted of 24 sessions of 15 min duration over 6 weeks. After electroacupuncture treatments, symptom severity was evaluated using the short clinical questionnaire by Lo and Chiang, which indicated improvements in the respective symptom severity score. After the acupuncture treatment, grip strength in the major symptomatic side in CTS patients could be significantly increased. Electrophysiology evaluation likewise indicated a significant increase in the distal median motor amplitude of the palm-wrist segment. In addition, Tinel's sign significantly decreased in the major symptomatic side. Our findings indicated that electroacupuncture could improve symptomatology, while acupuncture could exert positive therapeutic effects for CTS patients, as evidenced by improved symptomatology, grip strength, electrophysiological function, and physical provocation sign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yi Ho
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan , Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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55
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Nerve cell differentiation using constant and programmed electrical stimulation through conductive non-functional graphene nanosheets film. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13770-014-0011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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The parameters of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation are critical to its regenerative effects when applied just after a sciatic crush lesion in mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:572949. [PMID: 25147807 PMCID: PMC4131508 DOI: 10.1155/2014/572949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of two frequencies of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied immediately after lesion on peripheral nerve regeneration after a mouse sciatic crush injury. The animals were anesthetized and subjected to crushing of the right sciatic nerve and then separated into three groups: nontreated, Low-TENS (4 Hz), and High-TENS (100 Hz). The animals of Low- and High-TENS groups were stimulated for 2 h immediately after the surgical procedure, while the nontreated group was only positioned for the same period. After five weeks the animals were euthanized, and the nerves dissected bilaterally for histological and histomorphometric analysis. Histological assessment by light and electron microscopy showed that High-TENS and nontreated nerves had a similar profile, with extensive signs of degeneration. Conversely, Low-TENS led to increased regeneration, displaying histological aspects similar to control nerves. High-TENS also led to decreased density of fibers in the range of 6-12 μm diameter and decreased fiber diameter and myelin area in the range of 0-2 μm diameter. These findings suggest that High-TENS applied just after a peripheral nerve crush may be deleterious for regeneration, whereas Low-TENS may increase nerve regeneration capacity.
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57
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Zhu N, Zhang C, Li Z, Meng Y, Feng B, Wang X, Yang M, Wan L, Ning B, Li S. Experimental study on the effect of electrostimulation on neural regeneration after oculomotor nerve injury. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 54:639-52. [PMID: 25022883 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0358-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The oculomotor nerve can regenerate anatomically and histologically after injury; however, the degree of functional recovery of extraocular muscles and the pupil sphincter muscle was not satisfactory. Electrostimulation was one potential intervention that was increasingly being studied for use in nerve injury settings. However, the effect of electrostimulation on regeneration of the injured oculomotor nerve was still obscure. In this study, we studied the effects of electrostimulation on neural regeneration in terms of neurofunction, myoelectrophysiology, neuroanatomy, and neurohistology after oculomotor nerve injury and found that electrostimulation on the injured oculomotor nerve enhanced the speed and final level of its functional and electrophysiological recovery, promoted neural regeneration, and enhanced the selectivity and specificity of reinnervation of the regenerated neuron, the conformity among the electrophysiological and functional recovery of extraocular muscles, and neural regeneration, and that the function of extraocular muscles recovered slower than electrophysiology. Thus, we speculated that electrostimulation on the injured oculomotor nerve produced a marked effect on all phases of neural regeneration including neuronal survival, sprout formation, axonal elongation, target reconnection, and synaptogenesis. We think that neural electrostimulation can be used in oculomotor nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxi Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Tai'an, No. 29 Longtan Road, 271000, Tai'an, China,
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Martin C, Dejardin T, Hart A, Riehle MO, Cumming DRS. Directed nerve regeneration enabled by wirelessly powered electrodes printed on a biodegradable polymer. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:1001-6. [PMID: 24376117 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Wirelessly directed nerve regeneration: inductively powered electrical stimulation circuits on the biodegradable polymer polycaprolactone demonstrate directed regeneration of sensory neurons from a dorsal root ganglion. These circuits, produced using a unique transfer printing process, illustrate progress towards the use of electrical stimulation systems on biodegradable materials to improve peripheral nerve repair functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Martin
- Electronics Design Centre, School of Engineering; University of Glasgow; G12 8LT UK
| | - Théophile Dejardin
- Centre for Cell Engineering; Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow; G12 8QQ UK
| | - Andrew Hart
- Centre for Cell Engineering; Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow; G12 8QQ UK
| | - Mathis O. Riehle
- Centre for Cell Engineering; Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow; G12 8QQ UK
| | - David R. S. Cumming
- Electronics Design Centre, School of Engineering; University of Glasgow; G12 8LT UK
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59
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Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on cell viability, proliferation and neural differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural crest stem cells. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 35:2201-12. [PMID: 24078117 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) acting on induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural crest stem cells (iPSCs-NCSCs) is considered a promising therapy to improve the efficacy of injured peripheral nerve regeneration. Effects of LIPUS on cell viability, proliferation and neural differentiation of iPSCs-NCSCs were examined respectively in this study. LIPUS at 500 mW cm(-2) enhanced the viability and proliferation of iPSCs-NCSCs after 2 days and, after 4 days, up-regulated gene and protein expressions of NF-M, Tuj1, S100β and GFAP in iPSCs-NCSCs whereas after 7 days expression of only NF-M, S100β and GFAP were up-regulated. LIPUS treatment at an appropriate intensity can, therefore, be an efficient and cost-effective method to enhance cell viability, proliferation and neural differentiation of iPSCs-NCSCs in vitro for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
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60
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Gu X, Ding F, Williams DF. Neural tissue engineering options for peripheral nerve regeneration. Biomaterials 2014; 35:6143-56. [PMID: 24818883 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) have emerged as a potential alternative to autologous nerve grafts, the gold standard for peripheral nerve repair. Typically, TENGs are composed of a biomaterial-based template that incorporates biochemical cues. A number of TENGs have been used experimentally to bridge long peripheral nerve gaps in various animal models, where the desired outcome is nerve tissue regeneration and functional recovery. So far, the translation of TENGs to the clinic for use in humans has met with a certain degree of success. In order to optimize the TENG design and further approach the matching of TENGs with autologous nerve grafts, many new cues, beyond the traditional ones, will have to be integrated into TENGs. Furthermore, there is a strong requirement for monitoring the real-time dynamic information related to the construction of TENGs. The aim of this opinion paper is to specifically and critically describe the latest advances in the field of neural tissue engineering for peripheral nerve regeneration. Here we delineate new attempts in the design of template (or scaffold) materials, especially in the context of biocompatibility, the choice and handling of support cells, and growth factor release systems. We further discuss the significance of RNAi for peripheral nerve regeneration, anticipate the potential application of RNAi reagents for TENGs, and speculate on the possible contributions of additional elements, including angiogenesis, electrical stimulation, molecular inflammatory mediators, bioactive peptides, antioxidant reagents, and cultured biological constructs, to TENGs. Finally, we consider that a diverse array of physicochemical and biological cues must be orchestrated within a TENG to create a self-consistent coordinated system with a close proximity to the regenerative microenvironment of the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China.
| | - Fei Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China
| | - David F Williams
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Possover M. Recovery of Sensory and Supraspinal Control of Leg Movement in People With Chronic Paraplegia: A Case Series. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95:610-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kao CH, Chen JJJ, Hsu YM, Bau DT, Yao CH, Chen YS. High-frequency electrical stimulation can be a complementary therapy to promote nerve regeneration in diabetic rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79078. [PMID: 24265744 PMCID: PMC3827114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether 1 mA of percutaneous electrical stimulation (ES) at 0, 2, 20, or 200 Hz augments regeneration between the proximal and distal nerve stumps in streptozotocin diabetic rats. A10-mm gap was made in the diabetic rat sciatic nerve by suturing the stumps into silicone rubber tubes. Normal animals were used as the controls. Starting 1 week after transection, ES was applied between the cathode placed at the distal stump and the anode at the proximal stump every other day for 3 weeks. At 4 weeks after surgery, the normal controls and the groups receiving ES at 20, and 200 Hz had a higher success percentage of regeneration compared to the ES groups at 0 and 2 Hz. In addition, quantitative histology of the successfully regenerated nerves revealed that the groups receiving ES at a higher frequency, especially at 200 Hz, had a more mature structure with more myelinated fibers compared to those in the lower-frequency ES groups. Similarly, electrophysiology in the ES group at 200 Hz showed significantly shorter latency, larger amplitude, larger area of evoked muscle action potentials and faster conduction velocity compared to other groups. Immunohistochemical staining showed that ES at a higher frequency could significantly promote calcitonin gene-related peptide expression in lamina I-II regions in the dorsal horn and recruit a higher number of macrophages in the diabetic distal sciatic nerve. The macrophages were found that they could stimulate the secretion of nerve growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and transforming growth factor-β in dissected sciatic nerve segments. The ES at a higher frequency could also increase cutaneous blood flow in the ipsilateral hindpaw to the injury. These results indicated that a high-frequency ES could be necessary to heal severed diabetic peripheral nerve with a long gap to be repaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hong Kao
- Lab of Biomaterials, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Jin J. Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Man Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Lab of Biomaterials, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Lab, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Lab of Biomaterials, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Wufeng District, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Sheng Chen
- Lab of Biomaterials, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Wufeng District, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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63
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Nguyen HT, Wei C, Chow JK, Nguy L, Nguyen HK, Schmidt CE. Electric field stimulation through a substrate influences Schwann cell and extracellular matrix structure. J Neural Eng 2013; 10:046011. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2560/10/4/046011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Reconstructive Effects of Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation Combined with GGT Composite on Large Bone Defect in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:607201. [PMID: 23818928 PMCID: PMC3681217 DOI: 10.1155/2013/607201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the electromagnetic stimulation improves bone remodeling and bone healing. However, the effect of percutaneous electrical stimulation (ES) was not directly explored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of ES on improvement of bone repair. Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for cranial implantation. We used a composite comprising genipin cross-linked gelatin mixed with tricalcium phosphate (GGT). Bone defects of all rats were filled with the GGT composites, and the rats were assigned into six groups after operation. The first three groups underwent 4, 8, and 12 weeks of ES, and the anode was connected to the backward of the defect on the neck; the cathode was connected to the front of the defect on the head. Rats were under inhalation anesthesia during the stimulation. The other three groups only received inhalation anesthesia without ES, as control groups. All the rats were examined afterward at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Radiographic examinations including X-ray and micro-CT showed the progressive bone regeneration in the both ES and non-ES groups. The amount of the newly formed bone increased with the time between implantation and examination in the ES and non-ES groups and was higher in the ES groups. Besides, the new bone growth trended on bilateral sides in ES groups and accumulated in U-shape in non-ES groups. The results indicated that ES could improve bone repair, and the effect is higher around the cathode.
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65
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ZHANG XU, XIN NA, TONG LEI, TONG XIAOJIE. Electrical stimulation enhances peripheral nerve regeneration after crush injury in rats. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:1523-7. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Ho CY, Yao CH, Chen WC, Shen WC, Bau DT. Electroacupuncture and Acupuncture Promote the Rat's Transected Median Nerve Regeneration. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:514610. [PMID: 23573131 PMCID: PMC3610348 DOI: 10.1155/2013/514610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments of damaged nerves may aid nerve regeneration related to hindlimb function, but the effects on the forelimb-related median nerve were not known. Methods. A gap was made in the median nerve of each rat by suturing the stumps into silicone rubber tubes. The influences of acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments on transected median nerve regeneration were evaluated from morphological, electrophysiological, and functional angles. Results. Morphologically, the group receiving acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments had larger total nerve area and blood vessel number compared with the controls. Electrophysiologically, the group receiving electroacupuncture had significantly larger amplitude and larger area of the evoked muscle action potentials compared with the controls. Functionally, the acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments enhanced the injured paw's ability to regain its grasping power and resulted in a faster efficiency to a new bilateral balance. Conclusion. Our findings provide multiapproach evidence of the efficacy of acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments to the regeneration of median nerve. Indeed, acupuncture and electroacupuncture appear to have positive effects on the regeneration processes. This platform is beneficial to further study the clinical application of acupuncture and electroacupuncture alternative treatments on nerve-injured patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Y. Ho
- School of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Departments of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - C. H. Yao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University Hospital, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - W. C. Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - W. C. Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - D. T. Bau
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
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Li YT, Peng CW, Chen LT, Lin WS, Chu CH, Chen JJJ. Application of Implantable Wireless Biomicrosystem for Monitoring Nerve Impedance of Rat After Sciatic Nerve Injury. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2013; 21:121-8. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2012.2219883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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68
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Rajaram A, Chen XB, Schreyer DJ. Strategic Design and Recent Fabrication Techniques for Bioengineered Tissue Scaffolds to Improve Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2012; 18:454-67. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2012.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Rajaram
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Xiong-Biao Chen
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - David J. Schreyer
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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69
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Franz CK, Singh B, Martinez JA, Zochodne DW, Midha R. Brief transvertebral electrical stimulation of the spinal cord improves the specificity of femoral nerve reinnervation. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2012; 27:260-8. [PMID: 23077143 DOI: 10.1177/1545968312461717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional outcomes are generally poor following peripheral nerve injury (PNI). The reason is multifactorial but includes the misdirection of regenerating axons to inappropriate end organs. It has been shown that brief electrical stimulation (Estim) of nerves has the potential to improve the accuracy and rate of peripheral axon regeneration. OBJECTIVE The present study explores a novel percutaneous transvertebral approach to Estim, which was tested in the mouse femoral nerve model. METHODS Inspired by the protocol of Gordon and colleagues (ie, 20 Hz, for 1 hour), we applied Estim to the cervicothoracic spinal cord (SC-Estim) to remotely activate lumbar motor neurons following transection and repair of the femoral nerve. Fluorescent dyes were applied to the distal nerve to label reinnervating cells. Sections of nerve were taken to quantify the numbers of reinnervating axons as well as to stain for a known femoral axon guidance molecule-polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM). RESULTS In comparison to sham treatment, SC-Estim led to significantly greater expression of PSA-NCAM as well as improved the specificity of motor reinnervation. Interestingly, although SC-Estim did not alter the number of early reinnervating (ie, pioneer) axons, there was a reduction in the number of retrogradely labeled neurons at 2 weeks postrepair. However, by 6 weeks postrepair, there was no difference in the number of neurons that had reinnervated the femoral nerve. CONCLUSIONS The present findings support the development of SC-Estim as a novel approach to enhance the specificity of reinnervation and potentially improve functional outcomes following PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin K Franz
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
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70
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Galea MP. Physical modalities in the treatment of neurological dysfunction. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2012; 114:483-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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71
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Electrical stimulation improves peripheral nerve regeneration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2012; 72:199-205. [PMID: 22310128 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e31822d233c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We discuss if percutaneous electrical stimulation (ES) at 1 mA and 2 Hz after peripheral nerve transection could enhance axonal regeneration and functional recovery in diabetic animals. METHODS Four groups of adult rats (group A: normal rats; group B: normal rats with ES; group C: streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats; and group D: streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with ES) were subjected to sciatic nerve section followed by repair using silicone rubber conduits across a 10-mm gap. Rats in groups B and D received ES for 15 minutes every other day for three weeks. The groups A and C received no ES. RESULTS At four weeks after surgery in groups B and D, immunohistochemical staining showed that lamina I and II regions in the dorsal horn ipsilateral to the injury were significantly calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunolabeled, and a significantly higher number of macrophages were recruited in the distal sciatic nerve compared with group C. In groups A, B, and D, electrophysiological results showed higher levels of reinnervation with significantly shorter latencies and faster nerve conductive velocities, and the histologic evaluations showed relatively larger mean values of myelinated axon densities and endoneurial areas compared with group C. CONCLUSIONS Thus, the ES may improve the recovery of a severe peripheral nerve injury in diabetic animals, which could be considered as a supplementary treatment in diabetic neurotrauma.
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72
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Abstract
SETTING Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes devastating loss of function and can result in serious secondary complications. Although significant advances are being made to develop cellular and molecular therapies to promote regeneration, it is important to optimize physical interventions. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to examine the evidence for the effects of physical rehabilitation strategies on health and fitness, and maintenance of target systems below the level of injury (for example, muscle, bone, circulation). RESULTS Exercise appears to be a potent means of achieving these goals, using a variety of strategies. CONCLUSION Physical rehabilitation after SCI needs to move beyond the goal of maximizing independence to focus on maintenance of optimum health and fitness as well as maintenance of target system function below the level of injury. Issues requiring further investigation include identification of the optimum dosage of interventions to achieve specific goals, for example, prevention of muscle atrophy and osteoporosis, and development and validation of simple clinical measures to monitor the changes in body composition. Adoption of a classification system for physical interventions and standardized outcome measures would facilitate large-scale observational studies to identify the critical variables contributing to better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Galea
- Rehabilitation Sciences Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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74
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Pabari A, Yang SY, Mosahebi A, Seifalian AM. Recent advances in artificial nerve conduit design: Strategies for the delivery of luminal fillers. J Control Release 2011; 156:2-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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75
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Yu W, Zhao W, Zhu C, Zhang X, Ye D, Zhang W, Zhou Y, Jiang X, Zhang Z. Sciatic nerve regeneration in rats by a promising electrospun collagen/poly(ε-caprolactone) nerve conduit with tailored degradation rate. BMC Neurosci 2011; 12:68. [PMID: 21756368 PMCID: PMC3148572 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-12-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To cope with the limitations faced by autograft acquisitions particularly for multiple nerve injuries, artificial nerve conduit has been introduced by researchers as a substitute for autologous nerve graft for the easy specification and availability for mass production. In order to best mimic the structures and components of autologous nerve, great efforts have been made to improve the designation of nerve conduits either from materials or fabrication techniques. Electrospinning is an easy and versatile technique that has recently been used to fabricate fibrous tissue-engineered scaffolds which have great similarity to the extracellular matrix on fiber structure. Results In this study we fabricated a collagen/poly(ε-caprolactone) (collagen/PCL) fibrous scaffold by electrospinning and explored its application as nerve guide substrate or conduit in vitro and in vivo. Material characterizations showed this electrospun composite material which was made of submicron fibers possessed good hydrophilicity and flexibility. In vitro study indicated electrospun collagen/PCL fibrous meshes promoted Schwann cell adhesion, elongation and proliferation. In vivo test showed electrospun collagen/PCL porous nerve conduits successfully supported nerve regeneration through an 8 mm sciatic nerve gap in adult rats, achieving similar electrophysiological and muscle reinnervation results as autografts. Although regenerated nerve fibers were still in a pre-mature stage 4 months postoperatively, the implanted collagen/PCL nerve conduits facilitated more axons regenerating through the conduit lumen and gradually degraded which well matched the nerve regeneration rate. Conclusions All the results demonstrated this collagen/PCL nerve conduit with tailored degradation rate fabricated by electrospinning could be an efficient alternative to autograft for peripheral nerve regeneration research. Due to its advantage of high surface area for cell attachment, it is believed that this electrospun nerve conduit could find more application in cell therapy for nerve regeneration in future, to further improve functional regeneration outcome especially for longer nerve defect restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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76
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English AW, Cucoranu D, Mulligan A, Rodriguez JA, Sabatier MJ. Neurotrophin-4/5 is implicated in the enhancement of axon regeneration produced by treadmill training following peripheral nerve injury. Eur J Neurosci 2011; 33:2265-71. [PMID: 21623957 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07724.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The role of neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) in the enhancement of axon regeneration in peripheral nerves produced by treadmill training was studied in mice. Common fibular nerves of animals of the H strain of thy-1-YFP mice, in which a subset of axons in peripheral nerves is marked by the presence of yellow fluorescent protein, were cut and surgically repaired using nerve grafts from non-fluorescent mice. Lengths of profiles of fluorescent regenerating axons were measured using optical sections made through whole mounts of harvested nerves. Measurements from mice that had undergone 1 h of daily treadmill training at modest speed (10 m/min) were compared with those of untrained (control) mice. Modest treadmill training resulted in fluorescent axon profiles that were nearly twice as long as controls at 1, 2 and 4 week survival times. Similar enhanced regeneration was found when cut nerves of wild type mice were repaired with grafts from NT-4/5 knockout mice or grafts made acellular by repeated freezing/thawing. No enhancement was produced by treadmill training in NT-4/5 knockout mice, irrespective of the nature of the graft used to repair the cut nerve. Much as had been observed previously for the effects of brief electrical stimulation, the effects of treadmill training on axon regeneration in cut peripheral nerves are independent of changes produced in the distal segment of the cut nerve and depend on the promotion of axon regeneration by changes in NT-4/5 expression by cells in the proximal nerve segment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur W English
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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77
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Wang W, Lin JH, Tsai CC, Chuang HC, Ho CY, Yao CH, Chen YS. Biodegradable Glutaraldehyde-crosslinked Casein Conduit Promotes Regeneration after Peripheral Nerve Injury in Adult Rats. Macromol Biosci 2011; 11:914-26. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201000498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Runge MB, Dadsetan M, Baltrusaitis J, Ruesink T, Lu L, Windebank AJ, Yaszemski MJ. Development of electrically conductive oligo(polyethylene glycol) fumarate-polypyrrole hydrogels for nerve regeneration. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:2845-53. [PMID: 20942380 PMCID: PMC3947846 DOI: 10.1021/bm100526a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrically conductive hydrogel composites consisting of oligo(polyethylene glycol) fumarate (OPF) and polypyrrole (PPy) were developed for applications in nerve regeneration. OPF-PPy scaffolds were synthesized using three different anions: naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid sodium salt (NSA), dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt (DBSA), and dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (DOSS). Scaffolds were characterized by ATR-FTIR, XPS, AFM, dynamic mechanical analysis, electrical resistivity measurements, and swelling experiments. OPF-PPy scaffolds were shown to consist of up to 25 mol % polypyrrole with a compressive modulus ranging from 265 to 323 kPa and a sheet resistance ranging from 6 to 30 × 10(3) Ohms/square. In vitro studies using PC12 cells showed OPF-PPy materials had no cytotoxicity and PC12 cells showed distinctly better cell attachment and an increase in the percent of neurite bearing cells on OPF-PPy materials compared to OPF. The neurite lengths of PC12 cells were significantly higher on OPF-PPyNSA and OPF-PPyDBSA. These results show that electrically conductive OPF-PPy hydrogels are promising candidates for future applications in nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Brett Runge
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Mahrokh Dadsetan
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
| | | | - Terry Ruesink
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Lichun Lu
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
| | | | - Michael J. Yaszemski
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery of Biomedical Engineering
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Yeh CC, Lin YC, Tsai FJ, Huang CY, Yao CH, Chen YS. Timing of applying electrical stimulation is an important factor deciding the success rate and maturity of regenerating rat sciatic nerves. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2010; 24:730-5. [PMID: 20705804 DOI: 10.1177/1545968310376758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The timing of electrical stimulation (ES) after peripheral nerve transection may enhance axonal regeneration and functional recovery. OBJECTIVE The authors examined whether percutaneous ES at 1 mA and 2 Hz affects regeneration between the proximal and distal nerve stumps. METHODS Four groups of adult rats were subjected to sciatic nerve section followed by repair using silicone rubber conduits across a 10-mm gap. All groups received ES for 15 minutes every other day for 2 weeks. Stimulation was initiated on day 1 following the nerve repair for group A, day 8 for group B, and day 15 for group C. The control group D received no ES. RESULTS At 6 weeks after surgery in groups B and C, histological evaluations showed a significantly higher number of regenerated myelinated fibers in the sciatic nerve, and the electrophysiological results showed higher levels of reinnervation with relatively larger mean values of amplitudes, durations, and areas of compound muscle action potentials compared with A and D. CONCLUSION A short delay in the onset of ES may improve the recovery of a severe peripheral nerve injury, which should be considered as a way of augmenting rehabilitative approaches.
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80
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Jinghui Huang, Lei Lu, Xueyu Hu, Zhengxu Ye, Ye Peng, Xiaodong Yan, Dan Geng, Zhuojing Luo. Electrical Stimulation Accelerates Motor Functional Recovery in the Rat Model of 15-mm Sciatic Nerve Gap Bridged by Scaffolds With Longitudinally Oriented Microchannels. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2010; 24:736-45. [DOI: 10.1177/1545968310368686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background. Electrical stimulation (ES) can enhance the regenerative capacity of axotomized motor and sensory neurons. However, the impact of ES on axonal regeneration and functional recovery has not been investigated in an animal model of a lengthy peripheral nerve defect. Objective. To determine whether ES accelerates axonal regeneration and functional recovery of a 15-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Methods. A 15-mm excision of the sciatic nerve was bridged with a chitosan scaffold with longitudinally or randomly oriented pores or with autologous grafting of the segment. In half of the animals with chitosan grafts, the proximal nerve stump was electrically stimulated for 1 hour at 20 Hz immediately after the nerve repair with the scaffolds. Axonal regeneration was investigated by retrograde labeling and morphometric analysis. The rate of motor functional recovery was evaluated by electrical nerve stimulation, behavioral tests of stepping, and histological appearance of the target muscles. Results. Axonal regeneration and motor functional recovery were improved by ES in animals that received longitudinal pore grafts as compared with others. The maximal number of axons that regenerated across the longitudinal graft was achieved 2 to 4 weeks earlier in rats with ES. In addition, the latency of compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs), the peak amplitude of CMAPs, and nerve conduction velocity were improved by ES. Stepping indices were better, with less atrophy of target muscle in ES rats managed with longitudinal pores. Conclusion. Brief ES may accelerate axonal regeneration and motor recovery after focal peripheral nerve transection when repaired with optimally tissue-engineered grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Huang
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueyu Hu
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengxu Ye
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ye Peng
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Geng
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China,
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81
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Gigo-Benato D, Russo TL, Geuna S, Domingues NRSR, Salvini TF, Parizotto NA. Electrical stimulation impairs early functional recovery and accentuates skeletal muscle atrophy after sciatic nerve crush injury in rats. Muscle Nerve 2010; 41:685-93. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.21549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Huang J, Ye Z, Hu X, Lu L, Luo Z. Electrical stimulation induces calcium-dependent release of NGF from cultured Schwann cells. Glia 2010; 58:622-31. [PMID: 19998481 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Production of nerve growth factor (NGF) from Schwann cells (SCs) progressively declines in the distal stump, if axonal regeneration is staggered across the suture site after peripheral nerve injuries. This may be an important factor limiting the outcome of nerve injury repair. Thus far, extensive efforts are devoted to modulating NGF production in cultured SCs, but little has been achieved. In the present in vitro study, electrical stimulation (ES) was attempted to stimulate cultured SCs to release NGF. Our data showed that ES was capable of enhancing NGF release from cultured SCs. An electrical field (1 Hz, 5 V/cm) caused a 4.1-fold increase in NGF release from cultured SCs. The ES-induced NGF release is calcium dependent. Depletion of extracellular or/and intracellular calcium partially/ completely abolished the ES-induced NGF release. Further pharmacological interventions showed that ES induces calcium influx through T-type voltage-gated calcium channels and mobilizes calcium from 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate-sensitive stores and caffeine/ryanodine-sensitive stores, both of which contributed to the enhanced NGF release induced by ES. In addition, a calcium-triggered exocytosis mechanism was involved in the ES-induced NGF release from cultured SCs. These findings show the feasibility of using ES in stimulating SCs to release NGF, which holds great potential in promoting nerve regeneration by enhancing survival and outgrowth of damaged nerves, and is of great significance in nerve injury repair and neuronal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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83
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Russo TL, Peviani SM, Durigan JLQ, Gigo-Benato D, Delfino GB, Salvini TF. Stretching and electrical stimulation reduce the accumulation of MyoD, myostatin and atrogin-1 in denervated rat skeletal muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2010; 31:45-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s10974-010-9203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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84
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Huang J, Hu X, Lu L, Ye Z, Wang Y, Luo Z. Electrical Stimulation Accelerates Motor Functional Recovery in Autograft-Repaired 10 mm Femoral Nerve Gap in Rats. J Neurotrauma 2009; 26:1805-13. [PMID: 19226192 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2008.0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Huang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xueyu Hu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengxu Ye
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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