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Hosoi H, Mushino T, Nakashima K, Kuriyama K, Tamura S, Murata S, Imadome KI, Ohshima K, Sonoki T. Composite Epstein-Barr Virus-associated T-lymphoblastic and Peripheral T-cell Lymphomas: A Clonal Study. Intern Med 2021; 60:2119-2123. [PMID: 33551410 PMCID: PMC8313923 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.6572-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 30-year-old woman was diagnosed with T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) that harbored a clonal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome. At relapse, axillary lymph node adenopathy, which was diagnosed as peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), was detected. Southern blot analyses of the T-cell receptor and EBV genome revealed that the T-LBL and PTCL-NOS were clonally identical. We previously showed that CD21 acted as an entry molecule that allowed EBV into the patient's T-LBL cells. Interestingly, the PTCL-NOS cells lacked CD21 expression. Our case suggests that EBV might infect immature CD21-positive T-cells, and CD21-negative PTCL-NOS might subsequently arise through phenotypic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hosoi
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mushino
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | | | - Kodai Kuriyama
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tamura
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Shogo Murata
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Imadome
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Infections, National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takashi Sonoki
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
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Nan YY, Zhang WJ, Huang DH, Li QY, Shi Y, Yang T, Liang XP, Xiao CY, Guo BL, Xiang Y. Evaluation of a five-gene signature associated with stromal infiltration for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:4585-4598. [PMID: 34222425 PMCID: PMC8223837 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i18.4585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The development of immunotherapy greatly improves the patient prognosis but there are some exceptions. Thus, screening for better biomarkers for prognostic evaluation could contribute to the treatment of DLBCL patients.
AIM To screen the novel mediators involved in the development of DLBCL.
METHODS The GSE60 dataset was applied to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DLBCL, and the principal components analysis plot was used to determine the quality of the included samples. The protein-protein interactions were analyzed by the STRING tool. The key hub genes were entered into to the GEPIA database to determine their expressions in DLBCL. Furthermore, these hub gene alterations were analyzed in cBioportal. The UALCAN portal was employed to analyze the expression of the hub genes in different stages of DLBCL. The Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data Score was conducted to evaluate the correlation between the gene expression and tumor purity. The gene-gene correlation analysis was conducted in the GEPIA. The stromal score analysis was conducted in TIMER to confirm the correlation between the gene expression and infiltrated stromal cells. The correlation between the indicated genes and infiltration level of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) was also completed in TIMER with two methods, MCP-Counter and Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion. The correlation between fibronectin (FN1) protein level and secreted protein acidic and cysteine-rich (SPARC) messenger ribonucleic acid expression was confirmed in the cBioportal.
RESULTS The top 20 DEGs in DLBCL were identified, and the principal components analysis plot confirmed the quality of the significant DEGs. The pairwise correlation coefficient analysis among all samples showed that these DEGs have a certain co-expression pattern. The DEGs were subjected to STRING to identify the hub genes, alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), cathepsin B (CTSB), FN1, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), and SPARC. The five hub genes were confirmed to be overexpressed in DLBCL. The cBioportal portal detected these five hub genes that had gene alteration, including messenger ribonucleic acid high amplification and missense mutation, and the gene alteration percentages of A2M, FN1, CTSB, MMP9, and SPARC were 5%, 8%, 5%, 2.7%, and 5%, respectively. Furthermore, the five hub genes had a potential positive correlation with tumor stage. The correlation analysis between the five genes and tumor purity confirmed that the five genes were overexpressed in DLBCL and had a positive correlation with the development of DLBCL. More interestingly, the five genes had a significant correlation with the stromal infiltration scores. The correlation analysis between the fives genes and CAFs also showed a significant value, among which the top two genes, FN1 and SPARC, had a remarkable co-expression pattern.
CONCLUSION The top DEGs were identified, and the five hub genes were overexpressed in DLBCL. Furthermore, the gene alterations were confirmed and the positive correlation with tumor purity revealed the overexpression of the five genes and close association with the development of DLBCL. More interestingly, the five genes were positively correlated with stromal infiltration, especially in CAFs. The top two genes, FN1 and SPARC, showed a co-expression pattern, which indicates their potential as novel therapeutic targets for DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yu Nan
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - De-Hong Huang
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qi-Ying Li
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xi-Ping Liang
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Chun-Yan Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Bing-Ling Guo
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Department of Hematology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
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Genetic Events Inhibiting Apoptosis in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092167. [PMID: 33946435 PMCID: PMC8125500 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Despite the genetic heterogeneity of the disease, most patients are initially treated with a combination of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), but relapse occurs in ~50% of patients. One of the hallmarks of DLBCL is the occurrence of genetic events that inhibit apoptosis, which contributes to disease development and resistance to therapy. These events can affect the intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic pathways, or their modulators. Understanding the factors that contribute to inhibition of apoptosis in DLBCL is crucial in order to be able to develop targeted therapies and improve outcomes, particularly in relapsed and refractory DLBCL (rrDLBCL). This review provides a description of the genetic events inhibiting apoptosis in DLBCL, their contribution to lymphomagenesis and chemoresistance, and their implication for the future of DLBCL therapy. Abstract Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is curable with chemoimmunotherapy in ~65% of patients. One of the hallmarks of the pathogenesis and resistance to therapy in DLBCL is inhibition of apoptosis, which allows malignant cells to survive and acquire further alterations. Inhibition of apoptosis can be the result of genetic events inhibiting the intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic pathways, as well as their modulators, such as the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, P53, and components of the NF-kB pathway. Mechanisms of dysregulation include upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins and downregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins via point mutations, amplifications, deletions, translocations, and influences of other proteins. Understanding the factors contributing to resistance to apoptosis in DLBCL is crucial in order to be able to develop targeted therapies that could improve outcomes by restoring apoptosis in malignant cells. This review describes the genetic events inhibiting apoptosis in DLBCL, provides a perspective of their interactions in lymphomagenesis, and discusses their implication for the future of DLBCL therapy.
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Ogawa M, Yokoyama K, Imoto S, Tojo A. Role of Circulating Tumor DNA in Hematological Malignancy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2078. [PMID: 33923024 PMCID: PMC8123338 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the recent advances in noninvasive approaches for cancer diagnosis and surveillance, the term "liquid biopsy" has become more familiar to clinicians, including hematologists. Liquid biopsy provides a variety of clinically useful genetic data. In this era of personalized medicine, genetic information is critical to early diagnosis, aiding risk stratification, directing therapeutic options, and monitoring disease relapse. The validity of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-mediated liquid biopsies has received increasing attention. This review summarizes the current knowledge of liquid biopsy ctDNA in hematological malignancies, focusing on the feasibility, limitations, and key areas of clinical application. We also highlight recent advances in the minimal residual disease monitoring of leukemia using ctDNA. This article will be useful to those involved in the clinical practice of hematopoietic oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Ogawa
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.O.); (A.T.)
| | - Kazuaki Yokoyama
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;
| | - Arinobu Tojo
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.O.); (A.T.)
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Seymour EK, Khan HY, Li Y, Chaker M, Muqbil I, Aboukameel A, Ramchandren R, Houde C, Sterbis G, Yang J, Bhutani D, Pregja S, Reichel K, Huddlestun A, Neveux C, Corona K, Landesman Y, Shah J, Kauffman M, Shacham S, Mohammad RM, Azmi AS, Zonder JA. Selinexor in Combination with R-CHOP for Frontline Treatment of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Results of a Phase I Study. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3307-3316. [PMID: 33785483 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The nuclear exporter protein exportin-1 (XPO1) is overexpressed in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and correlates with poor prognosis. We evaluated enhancing R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) activity in NHL by targeted inhibition of XPO1 using the selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compounds. PATIENTS AND METHODS We evaluated the antitumor activity of SINE compounds in combination with CHO chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Newly diagnosed NHL patients in a phase I dose-escalation study received R-CHOP for 6 cycles with weekly selinexor (60, 80, and 100 mg), then selinexor maintenance therapy for one year. RT-PCR, Western blotting, and RNA sequencing were performed on patient blood samples. RESULTS SINE compounds synergized with CHO in vitro in NHL cell lines and in vivo in our murine xenograft model. In our phase I study, selinexor was dosed at 60 mg (n = 6) and 80 mg (n = 6). The most common adverse events (AE) among 12 patients were fatigue (67%) and nausea (100%). Grade 3-4 AEs were infrequent. Ten evaluable patients had an overall response rate of 100% and complete remission rate of 90% with sustained remissions (median follow-up: 476 days). Maximally tolerated dose was not reached; however, the recommended phase II dose was 60 mg selinexor weekly after evaluating tolerability and discontinuation rates for each dose cohort. Analysis of patient blood samples revealed downregulation of XPO1 and several prosurvival markers. CONCLUSIONS SINE compounds enhance the activity of CHO in vitro and in vivo. Selinexor in combination with R-CHOP was generally well tolerated and showed encouraging efficacy in NHL (NCT03147885).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlene K Seymour
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Husain Yar Khan
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Yiwei Li
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Mahmoud Chaker
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Amro Aboukameel
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | | | | | - Jay Yang
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Divaya Bhutani
- Department of Oncology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Kathy Reichel
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | | | - Kelly Corona
- Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., Newton, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jatin Shah
- Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., Newton, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
| | - Jeffrey A Zonder
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
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Lakhotia R, Roschewski M. Circulating tumour DNA in B-cell lymphomas: current state and future prospects. Br J Haematol 2021; 193:867-881. [PMID: 33550600 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a highly versatile analyte and an emerging biomarker for detection of tumour-specific sequences in lymphoid malignancies. Since ctDNA is derived from tumour cells throughout the body, it overcomes fundamental limitations of tissue biopsies by capturing the complete molecular profile of tumours, including those from inaccessible anatomic locations. Assays for ctDNA are minimally invasive and serial sampling monitors the effectiveness of therapy and identifies minimal residual disease below the detection limit of standard imaging scans. Dynamic changes in ctDNA levels measure real-time tumour kinetics, and early reductions in ctDNA during treatment correlate with clinical outcomes in multiple B-cell lymphomas. After therapy, ctDNA can effectively discriminate between patients who achieved a complete molecular remission from those with residual treatment-resistant disease. Serial monitoring of ctDNA after therapy can detect early molecular relapse and identify drug-resistant clones that harbour targetable mutations. In order for ctDNA to reach its full potential, the standardization and harmonization of the optimal pre-analytical and analytical techniques for B-cell lymphomas is a critically necessary requirement. Prospective validation of ctDNA within clinical studies is also required to determine its clinical utility as an adjunctive decision-making tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Lakhotia
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark Roschewski
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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57
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Rossi C, Tosolini M, Gravelle P, Pericart S, Kanoun S, Evrard S, Gilhodes J, Franchini DM, Amara N, Syrykh C, Bories P, Oberic L, Ysebaert L, Martin L, Ramla S, Robert P, Tabouret-Viaud C, Casasnovas RO, Fournié JJ, Bezombes C, Laurent C. Baseline SUVmax is related to tumor cell proliferation and patient outcome in follicular lymphoma. Haematologica 2020; 107:221-230. [PMID: 33327711 PMCID: PMC8719066 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.263194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common indolent lymphoma. Despite the clear benefit of CD20-based therapy, a subset of FL patients still progress to aggressive lymphoma. Thus, identifying early biomarkers that incorporate PET metrics could be helpful to identify patients with a high risk of treatment failure with Rituximab. We retrospectively included a total of 132 untreated FL patients separated into training and validation cohorts. Optimal threshold of baseline SUVmax was first determined in the training cohort (n=48) to predict progression-free survival (PFS). The PET results were investigated along with the tumor and immune microenvironment, which were determined by immunochemistry and transcriptome studies involving gene set enrichment analyses and immune cell deconvolution, together with the tumor mutation profile. We report that baseline SUVmax >14.5 was associated with poorer PFS than baseline SUVmax ≤14.5 (HR=0.28; p=0.00046). Neither immune T-cell infiltration nor immune checkpoint expression were associated with baseline PET metrics. By contrast, FL samples with Ki-67 staining ≥10% showed enrichment of cell cycle/DNA genes (p=0.013) and significantly higher SUVmax values (p=0.007). Despite similar oncogenic pathway alterations in both SUVmax groups of FL samples, 4 out of 5 cases harboring the infrequent FOXO1 transcription factor mutation were seen in FL patients with SUVmax >14.5. Thus, high baseline SUVmax reflects FL tumor proliferation and, together with Ki-67 proliferative index, can be used to identify patients at risk of early relapse with R-chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Rossi
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, Université Toulouse III: Paul-Sabatier, ERL5294 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France; Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Toulouse, France; CALYM Carnot Institute, Pierre-Bénite, France; CHU Dijon, Hématologie clinique, Hôpital François Mitterrand, Dijon.
| | - Marie Tosolini
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, Université Toulouse III: Paul-Sabatier, ERL5294 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Toulouse, France; Département de pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Pôle Technologique du Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse
| | - Pauline Gravelle
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, Université Toulouse III: Paul-Sabatier, ERL5294 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France; Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Toulouse, France; CALYM Carnot Institute, Pierre-Bénite, France; Département de pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse
| | - Sarah Pericart
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, Université Toulouse III: Paul-Sabatier, ERL5294 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Département de pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse
| | - Salim Kanoun
- Médecine Nucléaire, Institut universitaire du cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse
| | - Solene Evrard
- Département de pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse
| | - Julia Gilhodes
- Bureau des essais cliniques, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse
| | - Don-Marc Franchini
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, Université Toulouse III: Paul-Sabatier, ERL5294 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France; Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Toulouse, France; CALYM Carnot Institute, Pierre-Bénite
| | - Nadia Amara
- Département de pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse
| | - Charlotte Syrykh
- Département de pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Réseau Régional de Cancérologie, Onco-Occitanie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole; Service d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse
| | - Pierre Bories
- Réseau Régional de Cancérologie, Onco-Occitanie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole; Service d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse
| | - Lucie Oberic
- Service d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse
| | - Loïc Ysebaert
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, Université Toulouse III: Paul-Sabatier, ERL5294 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France; Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Toulouse, France; CALYM Carnot Institute, Pierre-Bénite, France.; Service d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse
| | - Laurent Martin
- Département de pathologie, CHU Hôpital François Mitterrand, Dijon, France; INSERM UMR 1231 UFR Bourgogne
| | - Selim Ramla
- Département de pathologie, CHU Hôpital François Mitterrand, Dijon, France; INSERM UMR 1231 UFR Bourgogne
| | - Philippine Robert
- CHU Dijon, Hématologie clinique, Hôpital François Mitterrand, Dijon, France; INSERM UMR 1231 UFR Bourgogne
| | | | - René-Olivier Casasnovas
- CHU Dijon, Hématologie clinique, Hôpital François Mitterrand, Dijon, France; INSERM UMR 1231 UFR Bourgogne
| | - Jean-Jacques Fournié
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, Université Toulouse III: Paul-Sabatier, ERL5294 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France; Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Toulouse, France; CALYM Carnot Institute, Pierre-Bénite
| | - Christine Bezombes
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, Université Toulouse III: Paul-Sabatier, ERL5294 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France; Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Toulouse, France; CALYM Carnot Institute, Pierre-Bénite.
| | - Camille Laurent
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM, Université Toulouse III: Paul-Sabatier, ERL5294 CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France; Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Toulouse, France; CALYM Carnot Institute, Pierre-Bénite, France; Département de pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse.
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Berendsen MR, Stevens WBC, van den Brand M, van Krieken JH, Scheijen B. Molecular Genetics of Relapsed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Insight into Mechanisms of Therapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3553. [PMID: 33260693 PMCID: PMC7760867 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be treated successfully with a combination of chemotherapy and the monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab. Nonetheless, approximately one-third of the patients with DLBCL still experience relapse or refractory (R/R) disease after first-line immunochemotherapy. Whole-exome sequencing on large cohorts of primary DLBCL has revealed the mutational landscape of DLBCL, which has provided a framework to define novel prognostic subtypes in DLBCL. Several studies have investigated the genetic alterations specifically associated with R/R DLBCL, thereby uncovering molecular pathways linked to therapy resistance. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the genetic alterations that are enriched in R/R DLBCL, and the corresponding pathways affected by these gene mutations. Furthermore, we elaborate on their potential role in mediating therapy resistance, also in connection with findings in other B-cell malignancies, and discuss alternative treatment options. Hence, this review provides a comprehensive overview on the gene lesions and molecular mechanisms underlying R/R DLBCL, which are considered valuable parameters to guide treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine R. Berendsen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (M.R.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (J.H.v.K.)
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy B. C. Stevens
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Michiel van den Brand
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (M.R.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (J.H.v.K.)
- Pathology-DNA, Rijnstate Hospital, 6815AD Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - J. Han van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (M.R.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (J.H.v.K.)
| | - Blanca Scheijen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (M.R.B.); (M.v.d.B.); (J.H.v.K.)
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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