51
|
Yan L, Wei M, Gong AG, Song P, Lou J, Bi CW, Xu SL, Xiong A, Dong TT, Tsim KW. A Modified Chinese Herbal Decoction (Kai-Xin-San) Promotes NGF-Induced Neuronal Differentiation in PC12 Cells via Up-Regulating Trk A Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:118. [PMID: 29312939 PMCID: PMC5744097 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Kai-Xin-San (KXS), a Chinese herbal decoction, has been applied to medical care of depression for thousands of years. It is composed of two functional paired-herbs: Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (GR)-Polygalae Radix (PR) and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (ATR)-Poria (PO). The compatibility of the paired-herbs has been frequently changed to meet the criteria of syndrome differentiation and treatment variation. Currently, a modified KXS (namely KXS2012) was prepared by optimizing the combinations of GR-PR and ATR-PO: the new herbal formula was shown to be very effective in animal studies. However, the cellular mechanism of KXS2012 against depression has not been fully investigated. Here, the study on KXS2012-induced neuronal differentiation in cultured PC12 cells was analyzed. In PC12 cultures, single application of KXS2012 showed no effect on the neuronal differentiation, but which showed robust effects in potentiating nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth and neurofilament expression. The potentiating effect of KXS2012 was mediated through NGF receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) A: because the receptor expression and activity was markedly up-regulated in the presence of KXS2012, and the potentiating effect was blocked by k252a, an inhibitor of Trk A. Our current results in cell cultures fully support the therapeutic efficacy of KXS2012 against depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yan
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhez, China.,Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Min Wei
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Amy G Gong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhez, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pingping Song
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianshu Lou
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhez, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cathy W Bi
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhez, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sherry L Xu
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aizhen Xiong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T Dong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhez, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl W Tsim
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhez, China.,Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Hoare E, Dash SR, Varsamis P, Jennings GL, Kingwell BA. Fasting Plasma Glucose, Self-Appraised Diet Quality and Depressive Symptoms: A US-Representative Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9121330. [PMID: 29215576 PMCID: PMC5748780 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression and type 2 diabetes (T2D) contribute significantly to global burden of disease and often co-occur. Underpinning type 2 diabetes is poor glycaemic control and glucose is also an obligatory substrate for brain metabolism, with potential implications for cognition, motivation and mood. This research aimed to examine the relationships between fasting plasma glucose and depressive symptoms in a large, population representative sample of US adults, controlling for other demographic and lifestyle behavioural risk factors. Using the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, this study first investigated the relationship between fasting plasma glucose and mental disorders at a population-level, accounting for demographic, health behavioural and weight-related factors known to co-occur with both type 2 diabetes and mental disorders. Depressive symptoms were derived from the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Fasting plasma glucose was obtained through medical examination and demographic (age, household income, sex) and health characteristics (perceived diet quality, daily time sedentary) were self-reported. Body mass index was calculated from objectively measured height and weight. In the univariate model, higher fasting plasma glucose was associated with greater depressive symptoms among females (b = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.43, p < 0.05), but not males. In the final fully adjusted model, the relationship between fasting plasma glucose and depressive symptoms was non-significant for both males and females. Of all independent variables, self-appraised diet quality was strongly and significantly associated with depressive symptoms and this remained significant when individuals with diabetes were excluded. Although diet quality was self-reported based on individuals’ perceptions, these findings are consistent with a role for poor diet in the relationship between fasting plasma glucose and depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Hoare
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd., Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - Sarah R Dash
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd., Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - Pia Varsamis
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd., Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - Garry L Jennings
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd., Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Bronwyn A Kingwell
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Rd., Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Wingenfeld K, Kuehl LK, Boeker A, Schultebraucks K, Schulz A, Stenzel J, Spitzer C, Otte C. Are adverse childhood experiences and depression associated with impaired glucose tolerance in females? An experimental study. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 95:60-67. [PMID: 28783579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) enhance the risk for mental disorders, e.g. major depressive disorder (MDD). Increasing evidence suggests an association between ACE and impaired physical health, e.g. metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess several metabolic risk markers in healthy individuals with and without ACE and depressed patients with and without ACE. We examined glucose and insulin release in the oGTT in 33 women with MDD and ACE, 47 women with MDD without ACE, 21 women with ACE but no current or lifetime MDD and 36 healthy women without either MDD or ACE. Several metabolic markers such as triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, HbA1c, BMI and waist to hip ratio were assessed. The four groups did neither differ in insulin release and glucose concentrations in the oGTT nor with respect to other metabolic variables. Depressed patients with and without psychotropic medication did not differ in any outcome variable, but there was a trend towards higher glucose concentrations in the oGTT in patients with current psychotropic medication. In this physically healthy sample neither ACE nor MDD were associated with metabolic risk factors. Thus, metabolic alterations might not directly be linked to ACE and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Wingenfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Linn K Kuehl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anita Boeker
- Asklepios Fachklinikum Tiefenbrunn, Rosdorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Schultebraucks
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Schulz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Stenzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christian Otte
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Depression and anxiety disorders in people with diabetes. CURRENT PROBLEMS OF PSYCHIATRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/cpp-2017-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: As the global number of diabetes and the burden of depression together with other mental disorders increases, there is a need for better understanding of the connection between these diseases. In patients with diabetes, mental disorders are more common than in the general population, especially anxiety disorders and depression, which are often difficult to detect by health professionals.
Material and methods: Using the keywords searched in the international bibliographic databases: Embase, Medline, Science Direct, Web of Science. We analyzed clinical trials published in English and international journals
Results: Patients with diabetes are exposed to serious physical and mental complications. The occurence of depression and psychiatric disorders among people with diabetes was twice as frequent as in the general population. There are also studies showing a higher risk of suicide among people with diabetes. In addition, patients with both diseases, diabetes and depression, had an increased risk of cardiovascular complications and increased mortality and higher costs of health care. Diabetic patients have increased incidence of anxiety disorders in relation to non-diabetic patients by 20%.
Conclusion: Further researches and integration of medical and psychological treatment are needed. Cooperation between psychiatrists and diabetologists can reduce mental and physical harm in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
|
55
|
Jia KK, Zheng YJ, Zhang YX, Liu JH, Jiao RQ, Pan Y, Kong LD. Banxia-houpu decoction restores glucose intolerance in CUMS rats through improvement of insulin signaling and suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in liver and brain. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 209:219-229. [PMID: 28782622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Banxia-houpu decoction is a famous formula in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with the powerful anti-depressant activity. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effect of Banxia-houpu decoction on glucose intolerance associated with anhedonia in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats, then to explore its underlying pharmacological mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS After 6-week CUMS procedure, male Wistar rats were given Banxia-houpu decoction (3.29 and 6.58g/kg, intragastrically) for 6 weeks. Sucrose solution consumption test was employed to evaluate the anhedonia behavior. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was used to determine glucose tolerance. Serum levels of corticosterone, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), insulin and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, respectively. Furthermore, the key proteins for insulin signaling, as well as nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, were analyzed by Western blot in periphery liver and brain regions hypothalamus, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, respectively. RESULTS Banxia-houpu decoction significantly increased sucrose solution consumption and decreased serum corticosterone and CRF levels in CUMS rats, further demonstrating its antidepressant activity. More importantly, Banxia-houpu decoction improved glucose tolerance in OGTT in this animal model. Furthermore, it protected against CUMS-induced insulin signaling impairment in the liver, as well as hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex in rats. Although without significant effect on serum IL-1β levels, Banxia-houpu decoction inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the liver, hypothalamus, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of CUMS rats, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that Banxia-houpu decoction suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and improves insulin signaling impairment in both periphery liver and brain regions in CUMS rats, possibly contributing to its anti-depressive effect with glucose tolerance improvement. These results may provide the evidence that Banxia-houpu decoction is a potential antidepressant with the advantage to reduce the risk of comorbid depression with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Ke Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Xiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui-Qing Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling-Dong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Bendix M, Uvnäs-Moberg K, Petersson M, Kaldo V, Åsberg M, Jokinen J. Insulin and glucagon in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in suicide attempters and healthy controls. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 81:1-7. [PMID: 28391069 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mental disorders and related behaviors such as suicidality and violence have been associated to dysregulation of e g carbohydrate metabolism. We hypothesized that patients after suicide attempt, compared to healthy controls, would have higher insulin and lower glucagon levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and that these changes would be associated to violent behavior. Twenty-eight medication-free patients (10 women, 18 men), hospitalized after suicide attempt, and 19 healthy controls (7 women, 12 men) were recruited with the aim to study risk factors for suicidal behavior. Psychological/psychiatric assessment was performed with SCID I and II or the SCID interview for healthy volunteers respectively, the Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) for assessment of lifetime violence expression behavior, the Montgomery-Åsberg-Depression-Scale (MADRS) and the Comprehensive Psychological Rating Scale (CPRS) for symptomatic assessment of depression and appetite. Fasting levels of insulin and glucagon were measured in plasma (P) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Suicide attempters had higher insulin- and lower glucagon-levels in plasma- and CSF compared to controls. Except for P-glucagon these associations remained significant after adjusting for age and/or BMI. Patients reported significantly more expressed interpersonal violence compared to healthy volunteers. Expressed violence was significantly positively correlated with P- and CSF-insulin and showed a significant negative correlation with P-glucagon in study participants. These findings confirm and extend prior reports that higher insulin and lower glucagon levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid are associated with suicidal behavior pointing towards a potential autonomic dysregulation in the control of insulin and glucagon secretion in suicidal patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bendix
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Kerstin Uvnäs-Moberg
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agriculture, Skara, Sweden
| | - Maria Petersson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Viktor Kaldo
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Åsberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jussi Jokinen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Churchward MA, Tchir DR, Todd KG. Microglial Function during Glucose Deprivation: Inflammatory and Neuropsychiatric Implications. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1477-1487. [PMID: 28176274 PMCID: PMC5820372 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0422-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is increasingly recognized as a contributor to the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety disorders and autism, though the factors leading to contextually inappropriate or sustained inflammation in pathological conditions are yet to be elucidated. Microglia, as the key mediators of inflammation in the CNS, serve as likely candidates in initiating pathological inflammation and as an ideal point of therapeutic intervention. Glucose deprivation, as a component of the pathophysiology of ischemia or occurring transiently in diabetes, may serve to modify microglial function contributing to inflammatory injury. To this end, primary microglia were cultured from postnatal rat brain and subject to glucose deprivation in vitro. Microglia were characterized for their proliferation, phagocytic function and secretion of inflammatory factors, and tested for their capacity to respond to a potent inflammatory stimulus. In the absence of glucose, microglia remained capable of proliferation, phagocytosis and inflammatory activation and showed increased release of inflammatory factors after presentation of an inflammatory stimulus. Glucose-deprived microglia demonstrated increased phagocytic activity and decreased accumulation of lipids in lipid droplets over a 48-h timecourse, suggesting they may use scavenged lipids as a key alternate energy source during metabolic stress. In the present manuscript, we present novel findings that glucose deprivation may sensitize microglial release of inflammatory mediators and prime microglial functions for both survival and inflammatory roles, which may contribute to psychiatric comorbidities of ischemia, diabetes and/or metabolic disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Churchward
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, 116th St and 85th Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Devan R Tchir
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, 116th St and 85th Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Kathryn G Todd
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, 116th St and 85th Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada. .,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Calati R, Courtet P, Norton J, Ritchie K, Artero S. Association Between Lifetime Headache and History of Suicide Attempts in the Elderly. Eur Psychiatry 2017; 41:132-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundPain-related conditions have been reported to play a key role among risk factors for suicide. Headache in particular has been repeatedly associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The aims of this study were: 1) to assess the association between lifetime headache (both non-migrainous headache and migraine) and lifetime suicide attempts (SA); 2) to differentiate, within subjects with lifetime SA, patients with and without lifetime headache in terms of socio-demographic and clinical features.MethodsWe studied 1965 subjects from a cohort of community-dwelling persons aged 65 years and over without dementia (the ESPRIT study), divided in two groups: those with (n = 75), and those without a lifetime SA (n = 1890). Logistic regression analyses were used to compare these groups according to lifetime headache status.ResultsAfter adjusting for gender, living alone, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and depressive, manic/hypomanic and anxiety disorders, lifetime headache frequency was significantly higher in subjects with a lifetime SA compared with controls (OR = 1.92 [1.17–3.15]). Additionally, different factors were identified as being associated with lifetime SA in participants with lifetime headache (female gender, a lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insomnia, lifetime major depression) versus participants without headache (glycemia and lifetime major depression).ConclusionsLifetime headache was associated with lifetime SA. Subjects who are women and report the co-occurrence of headache and insomnia as well as lifetime major depression require higher attention and a careful screening for suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
Collapse
|
59
|
Selfish brain and selfish immune system interplay: A theoretical framework for metabolic comorbidities of mood disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 72:43-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
60
|
Tomson K, Vaht M, Laas K, Veidebaum T, Harro J. Effect of a human serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor gene polymorphism on impulsivity: Dependence on cholesterol levels. J Affect Disord 2016; 206:23-30. [PMID: 27455355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsivity is multidimensional: Low impulse control may result in behavioural disorders, but acting on the spur of moment may also be advantageous. Previous studies have shown negative associations between different facets of impulsivity and serotonergic function. Other investigations have found negative correlations between serum lipid levels and impulsivity. METHODS We have investigated whether the functional polymorphism -1438A/G in the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor gene (HTR2A) is associated with impulsivity levels and whether there is any interaction with serum lipid levels. This analysis was based on data of the population-representative Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study at age 25. Impulsivity was self-reported with the Adaptive and Maladaptive Impulsivity Scale. RESULTS Subjects with the A/A genotype of the HTR2A -1438A/G polymorphism had higher scores of Maladaptive impulsivity, but not Adaptive impulsivity. In females, high LDL and total cholesterol levels increased the genotype effect. In males, in the highest quartile of total or LDL cholesterol the genotype effect was altered, with G/G homozygotes having the highest Maladaptive impulsivity levels. LIMITATIONS Only one cohort of the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS) was used in the current study and impulsivity measures were self-reported. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support the notion that low cholesterol levels universally lead to higher impulsivity, but it was found that high total and LDL cholesterol levels moderate the effect of the HTR2A gene promoter polymorphism. This suggests that future studies on impulsivity need to consider the interaction of serotonergic measures with the whole range of cholesterol levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Tomson
- Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Public Health, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Mariliis Vaht
- Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Kariina Laas
- Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health Development, Hiiu 42, 11619 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Jaanus Harro
- Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, Tartu, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Radojkovic J, Sikanic N, Bukumiric Z, Tadic M, Kostic N, Babic R. Improvement of Glycemic Control in Insulin-Dependent Diabetics with Depression by Concomitant Treatment with Antidepressants. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:2133-43. [PMID: 27329213 PMCID: PMC4920101 DOI: 10.12659/msm.899571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is still disputable whether negative effects of comorbid depression in diabetics can be diminished by successful treatment of depression. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether addition of antidepressants to existing insulin treatment would further improve glycemic control in these patients. A secondary objective was to assess whether such treatment impairs their lipid and inflammatory status. Material/Methods Total of 192 patients with poorly controlled diabetes (defined as HbA1c ≥8%) in the absence of any uncontrolled medical condition entered the 6-month run-in phase with optimization of diabetic therapy. Depression status was screened at the end of this phase by BDI-II depression testing. Patients with BDI-II ≥14 and psychiatric confirmation of depression (58 patients) entered the 6-month interventional phase with SSRI class antidepressants. Results Fifty patients completed the study. During the run-in phase, HbA1c dropped from 10.0±1.8% to 8.5±1.2% (p<0.001), and during the interventional phase it dropped from 8.5±1.2% to 7.7±0.7% (p<0.001). BDI-II scores improved significantly from 30.4±13.2 to 23.5±11.0 (p=0.02) during the interventional phase. A positive linear correlation between improvement in depression scale and improvement in glycemic control was observed (R2=0.139, p=0.008). Lipid profile and inflammatory status did not change significantly during the interventional phase. Conclusions Patients with poorly controlled diabetes and comorbid depression might benefit from screening and treatment of depression with SSRI antidepressants by achieving an incremental effect on glycoregulation. This therapy did not have any adverse effects on lipid profile or inflammatory status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Radojkovic
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Clinical Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Sikanic
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, Clinical Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Bukumiric
- Department of Medical Statistics, University School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Tadic
- Department of Internal Medicine, University School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Kostic
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Clinical Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rade Babic
- Department of Internal Medicine, University School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Lim SM, Park SH, Sharma N, Kim SS, Lee JR, Jung JS, Suh HW. Blood glucose regulation mechanism in depressive disorder animal model during hyperglycemic states. Brain Res Bull 2016; 124:116-22. [PMID: 27034116 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Depression is more common among diabetes people than in the general population. In the present study, blood glucose change in depression animal model was characterized by various types of hyperglycemia models such as d-glucose-fed-, immobilization stress-, and drug-induced hyperglycemia models. First, the ICR mice were enforced into chronic restraint stress for 2h daily for 2 weeks to produce depression animal model. The animals were fed with d-glucose (2g/kg), forced into restraint stress for 30min, or administered with clonidine (5μg/5μl) supraspinally or spinally to produce hyperglycemia. The blood glucose level in depression group was down-regulated compared to that observed in the normal group in d-glucose-fed-, restraint stress-, and clonidine-induced hyperglycemia models. The up-regulated corticosterone level induced by d-glucose feeding or restraint stress was reduced in the depression group while the up-regulation of plasma corticosterone level is further elevated after i.t. or i.c.v. clonidine administration in the depression group. The up-regulated insulin level induced by d-glucose feeding or restraint stress was reduced in the depression group. On the other hand, blood corticosterone level in depression group was up-regulated compared to the normal group after i.t. or i.c.v. clonidine administration. Whereas the insulin level in depression group was not altered when mice were administered clonidine i.t. or i.c.v. Our results suggest that the blood glucose level in depression group is down-regulated compared to the normal group during d-glucose-fed-, immobilization stress-, and clonidine-induced hyperglycemia in mice. The down-regulation of the blood glucose level might be one of the important pathophysiologic changes in depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Min Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Su Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ryeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sub Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Won Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, 39 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Lemos C, Rial D, Gonçalves F, Pires J, Silva H, Matheus F, da Silva A, Marques J, Rodrigues R, Jarak I, Prediger R, Reis F, Carvalho R, Pereira F, Cunha R. High sucrose consumption induces memory impairment in rats associated with electrophysiological modifications but not with metabolic changes in the hippocampus. Neuroscience 2016; 315:196-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|