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Wang H, Li P, Feng ZC. Meta-analysis demonstrates association of the TGF-β1 gene -C509T polymorphism with susceptibility to IgA nephropathy in European but not in Asian populations. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2013; 12:434-42. [DOI: 10.4238/2013.february.8.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wu XY, Peng YQ, Zhang H, Xie H, Sheng ZF, Luo XH, Dai RC, Zhou HD, Wu XP, Liao EY. Relationship between Serum Levels of OPG and TGF- β with Decreasing Rate of BMD in Native Chinese Women. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013:727164. [PMID: 23509458 PMCID: PMC3580917 DOI: 10.1155/2013/727164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Revised: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum levels of OPG, TGF- β 1, and TGF- β 2 and BMD decrease rate (BDR) in native Chinese women. This cross-sectional study was performed on 465 healthy native Chinese women aged 35-80 years. Serum levels of OPG, TGF- β 1, and TGF- β 2 were determined. BDR was measured by DXA at the posteroanterior spine, hip, and distal forearm. At all skeletal sites tested, there was a negative correlation between BDR and serum levels of both OPG (r = -0.122 to -0.230, all P = 0.007-0.000) and TGF- β 2 (r = -0.100 to -0.173, all P = 0.029-0.000) and a positive correlation between BDR and serum TGF- β 1 (r = 0.245 - 0.365, all P = 0.000). After adjustment for age and BMI, there were no statistically significant correlations between serum levels of OPG or TGF- β 2 and BDR. However, statistically significant correlations between serum TGF- β 1 and BDR at the lumbar spine and ultradistal forearm remained. Multiple linear regression stepwise analysis showed that serum OPG could explain 1.4-3.7% of BDR variation. Serum TGF- β 1 was a positive determinant of BDR and could explain 5.3-13.3% of BDR variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yu Wu
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yi-Qun Peng
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Sheng
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiang-Hang Luo
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ru-Chun Dai
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hou-De Zhou
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xian-Ping Wu
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- *Xian-Ping Wu: and
| | - Er-Yuan Liao
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin-Zhong Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- *Er-Yuan Liao:
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Ozgen M, Cosan DT, Doganer F, Soyocak A, Armagan O, Gunes HV, Degirmenci I, Ozkara GO, Mutlu FS. Relationship between plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in Turkish women. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2012; 67:1299-302. [PMID: 23184207 PMCID: PMC3488989 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2012(11)13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The development of osteoporosis is associated with several risk factors, such as genetic structures that affect bone turnover and bone mass. The impact of genetic structures on osteoporosis is not known. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 regulates the bone matrix and bone balance. This study assessed the correlation between plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphisms and osteoporosis in a population of Turkish women. METHODS A total of 195 postmenopausal female patients who were diagnosed with osteoporosis (Group I) based on bone mineral density measurements via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and 90 females with no osteoporosis (Group II) were included in this study. Correlations between PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphisms and osteoporosis were investigated through the identification of PAI-1 gene 4G/5G polymorphism genotypes using the polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS No significant differences in the genotype and allele frequency of 4G/5G plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 polymorphisms were observed between the two groups, and both groups exhibited the most frequently observed 4G5G genotype. CONCLUSION No correlation between the development of osteoporosis in the female Turkish population and 4G/5G plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 gene polymorphisms was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merih Ozgen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Daïen CI, Fabre S, Rittore C, Soler S, Daïen V, Tejedor G, Cadart D, Molinari N, Daurès JP, Jorgensen C, Touitou I. TGF beta1 polymorphisms are candidate predictors of the clinical response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2012; 79:471-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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García-González MA, Nicolás-Pérez D, Lanas A, Bujanda L, Carrera P, Benito R, Strunk M, Sopeña F, Santolaria S, Piazuelo E, Jiménez P, Campo R, Espinel J, Manzano M, Geijo F, Pellisé M, González-Huix F, Espinós J, Zaballa M, Titó L, Barranco L, Pazo R, Quintero E. Prognostic role of host cyclooxygenase and cytokine genotypes in a Caucasian cohort of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46179. [PMID: 23029430 PMCID: PMC3460851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic factors influencing the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) are not well known. Given the relevance of cytokines and other pro-inflammatory mediators in cancer progression and invasiveness, we aimed to assess the prognostic role of several functional cytokine and cyclooxygenase gene polymorphisms in patients with GAC. Methodology Genomic DNA from 380 Spanish Caucasian patients with primary GAC was genotyped for 23 polymorphisms in pro-inflammatory (IL1B, TNFA, LTA, IL6, IL12p40), anti-inflammatory (IL4, IL1RN, IL10, TGFB1) cytokine, and cyclooxygenase (PTGS1 and PTGS2) genes by PCR, RFLP and TaqMan assays. Clinical and histological information was collected prospectively. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log rank test. Outcome was determined by analysis of Cox proportional hazards, adjusting for confounding factors. Results The median follow-up period and median overall survival (OS) time were 9.9 months (range 0.4–120.3) and 10.9 months (95% CI: 8.9–14.1), respectively. Multivariate analysis identified tumor stages III (HR, 3.23; 95% CI:2–5.22) and IV (HR, 5.5; 95% CI: 3.51–8.63) as independent factors associated with a significantly reduced OS, whereas surgical treatment (HR: 0.44; 95%CI: 0.3–0.6) was related to a better prognosis of the disease. Concerning genetic factors, none of the 23 polymorphisms evaluated in the current study did influence survival. Moreover, no gene-environment interactions on GAC prognosis were observed. Conclusions Our results show that, in our population, the panel of selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine, and cyclooxygenase gene polymorphisms are not relevant in determining the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma.
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PRKCB is associated with calcineurin inhibitor-induced renal dysfunction in heart transplant recipients. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2012; 22:336-43. [PMID: 22322241 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e3283510a35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the transforming growth factor-β1 gene (TGFB1) have been inconsistently associated with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-induced renal dysfunction following cardiac transplantation. The impact of genetic variants related to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and natriuretic peptides, which are implicated in CNI nephrotoxicity, is unknown. The primary objective of this study was to validate the association between two common variants in TGFB1 (rs1800470, rs1800471) and postcardiac transplant renal function. The secondary objective was to investigate the effect of candidate genes related to the RAAS, natriuretic peptides, and other elements involved in the intracellular signaling of these pathways. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 158 heart transplant recipients treated with CNIs, and evaluated the association between select SNPs and the estimated glomerular filtration rate as calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease simplified formula. A total of 273 SNPs distributed in 44 genes were tested. RESULTS No association was observed between TGFB1 variants and renal function. One polymorphism in the protein kinase C-β gene (PRKCB; rs11074606), which is implicated in the RAAS intracellular signaling, was significantly associated with post-transplant estimated glomerular filtration rate after adjusting for possible confounders (P=0.00049). This marker is in linkage disequilibrium with two variants located in putative regulatory regions of the gene (rs2283541, rs1013316). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that PRKCB may be a potential predictor of CNI-induced nephrotoxicity in heart transplant recipients, and could therefore be a promising candidate to identify patients who are most susceptible to this adverse drug reaction.
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Lu Y, Boer JMA, Barsova RM, Favorova O, Goel A, Müller M, Feskens EJM. TGFB1 genetic polymorphisms and coronary heart disease risk: a meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2012; 13:39. [PMID: 22607024 PMCID: PMC3497590 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-13-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variations in TGFB1 gene have been studied in relation to coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, but the results were inconsistent. METHODS We performed a systematic review of published studies on the potential role of TGFB1 genetic variation in CHD risk. Articles that reported the association of TGFB1 genetic variants with CHD as primary outcome were searched via Medline and HuGE Navigator through July 2011. The reference lists from included articles were also reviewed. RESULTS Data were available from 4 studies involving 1777 cases and 7172 controls for rs1800468, 7 studies involving 5935 cases and 10677 controls for rs1800469, 7 studies involving 6634 cases and 9620 controls for rs1982073, 5 studies involving 5452 cases and 9999 controls for rs1800471, and 4 studies involving 5143 cases and 4229 controls for rs1800472. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) for CHD among minor T allele carriers of rs1800469, minor C allele carriers of rs1982073, and minor C allele carriers of rs1800471 versus homozygous major allele carriers was 1.14 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.24), 1.18 (95% CI: 1.04-1.35), and 1.16 (95% CI: 1.02-1.32), respectively. No substantial heterogeneity for ORs was detected among the included Caucasian populations for all SNPs. However, for rs1800471, the statistical significance disappeared after adjusting for potential publication bias. No significant association was found between rs1800468 and rs1800472 variants and CHD risk. CONCLUSION Minor allele carriers of two genetic variants (rs1800469 and rs1982073) in TGFB1 have a 15% increased risk of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchang Lu
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research Center, PO Box 8129, 6700, EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Niu H, Niu Z, Zhang XL, Chen ZL. Absence of Association Between Transforming Growth Factor B1 Polymorphisms and Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. DNA Cell Biol 2012; 31:706-12. [PMID: 22074128 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2011.1426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Niu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of BeiHua University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Niu
- Department of Medical Insurance, The First Hospital of BeiHua University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Li Zhang
- Department of Coining and Cosmet, The First Hospital of BeiHua University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Long Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of BeiHua University, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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Utennam D, Tungtrongchitr A, Phonrat B, Tungtrongchitr R, Preutthipan S. Association of T869C gene polymorphism of transforming growth factor-β1 with low protein levels and anthropometric indices in osteopenia/osteoporosis postmenopausal Thai women. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:87-99. [PMID: 22290469 DOI: 10.4238/2012.january.13.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease; it is an important health problem among postmenopausal women. We evaluated the association of three polymorphisms, T869C, C-509T and G915C, of the TGF-β1 gene with bone mineral density (BMD) serum TGF-β1 levels in 278 postmenopausal female osteopenia/osteoporosis subjects and 95 postmenopausal female control subjects. Serum TGF-β1 levels were significantly lower in osteopenia/osteoporosis subjects than in control subjects. Serum TGF-β1 levels of the CT+CC (T869C) genotype group were significantly lower in osteopenia/osteoporosis subjects than in control subjects (11.3 vs 15.8 ng/mL). There was a significant difference in the CT+CC (T869C) genotype frequencies between the osteopenia/osteoporosis and control subjects (74.18 vs 60.22%; OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.16-3.12). In the age group of more than 50 years, subjects with the TC+CC genotype of T869C polymorphism had significantly increased risk of osteopenic/ osteoporotic bones at L1 (OR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.37-4.07), L2 (OR = 1.71, 95%CI = 1.01-2.90), L3 (OR = 2.21, 95%CI = 1.23-3.98), L4 (OR = 1.74, 95%CI = 1.00-3.03) and the femoral neck (OR = 1.80, 95%CI = 1.04-3.12). The CT+CC genotype of the T869C polymorphism of the TGF-β1 gene was found to be associated with lower serum TGF-β1 in osteopenia/osteoporosis subjects and increased risk of osteopenic and osteoporotic fracture at L1-4, femoral neck and total hip in postmenopausal Thai women. Logistic regression analysis showed that T869C polymorphism is a significant risk factor for osteopenia/ osteoporosis. We concluded that T869C polymorphism of the TGF-β1 gene has an impact on decreased serum TGF-β1 levels and influences susceptibility to osteopenia/osteoporosis in Thai women.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Utennam
- Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Jia H, Yu L, Gao B, Ji Q. Association between the T869C polymorphism of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis. Endocrine 2011; 40:372-8. [PMID: 21725704 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-011-9503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested that transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a functional candidate for diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, association studies investigating the relationship of TGF-β1 gene T869C polymorphism and DN generate inconsistent results. To comprehensively clarify this issue, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of the polymorphism on DN. We searched studies from PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) through March 2011. Pooled ORs were calculated under allelic/additive/dominant/recessive/over-dominant genetic models. Nine studies with 1776 cases and 1740 controls were included. Our results indicated that C allele of T869C conferred a significantly increased risk of DN compared with T allele (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.05-1.48) for allelic contrast. Similar results were also found under additive (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.10-2.23) and dominant (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.06-1.85) genetic models. However, subgroup analyses stratified by types of diabetes showed that significantly increased risks were only observed in type 2 diabetic patients, and the association persistently existed in further analysis for Asian populations. As for type 1 diabetic subjects, no significant association was detected under all the genetic models (P > 0.05). Our meta-analysis suggested that the TGF-β1 T869C polymorphism conferred an elevated risk of DN. However, significant associations were only observed in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
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Fuku N, Mori S, Murakami H, Gando Y, Zhou H, Ito H, Tanaka M, Miyachi M. Association of 29C>T polymorphism in the transforming growth factor-β1 gene with lean body mass in community-dwelling Japanese population. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2011; 12:292-7. [PMID: 22066986 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2011.00768.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Sarcopenia is the significant degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength associated with aging, and it is one of the components of frailty. We previously reported an association between the 29C>T polymorphism in the transforming growth factor-β1 gene (rs1800470) and the prevalence of vertebral fractures in subjects with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The association was not attributable to bone mineral density, which suggests that polymorphism influences some aspects of bone quality that affects strength and/or frailty rather than bone strength itself. Thus, we examined the relationship between genetic polymorphism and lean body mass in a Japanese population. METHODS A total of 479 adults comprising 143 men and 336 women, age 23 to 85 years, participated in the present study. Fat-free mass was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the relative skeletal muscle index was calculated as the ratio of appendicular (sum of arms and legs) fat-free mass to the square of height. RESULTS Total, leg, and appendicular fat-free mass as well as the relative skeletal muscle index were significantly lower in male subjects with CT/TT genotypes compared to those with CC genotype. Female subjects did not show any genotype-dependent differences when analyzed as a group, but when those without menstruation (postmenopausal women) were analyzed, arm fat-free mass was significantly lower in the CT/TT genotypes than in the CC genotype. CONCLUSIONS T allele of the 29C>T polymorphism in the transforming growth factor-β1 gene might be a risk factor of sarcopenia in a Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Fuku
- Department of Genomics for Longevity and Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Lee JJ, Park SK, Kwon OS, Won IS, Kim DK, Jung YK, Ku YS, Kim YS, Choi DJ, Kim JH. Genetic polymorphism at codon 10 of the transforming growth factor-β1 gene in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2011; 17:37-43. [PMID: 21494076 PMCID: PMC3304620 DOI: 10.3350/kjhep.2011.17.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) is a key cytokine in the production of extracellular matrix. A genetic polymorphism at codon 10 of the TGF-β1 gene is associated with liver fibrosis. We investigated the effect of genetic polymorphisms at codon 10 on the development of alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC). Methods In total, 119 controls and 182 patients with ALC, were enrolled in the study. Clinical and laboratory data including total lifetime alcohol intake were collected at enrollment. The genotype at codon 10 was determined for each patient by single-strand conformation polymorphism. Results There were three types of genetic polymorphism at codon 10: homozygous proline (P/P), heterozygous proline/leucine (P/L), and homozygous leucine (L/L). Among the controls, the proportions of P/P, P/L, and L/L were 26.1%, 44.5%, and 29.4%, respectively in the ALC group, these proportions were 23.1%, 43.4%, and 33.5%, respectively. The genotype distribution did not differ between the controls and the ALC group. In the ALC group, age, total lifetime alcohol intake, and distribution of Child-Pugh class did not differ with the genotype. Of the male patients with ALC (n=164), the proportions of P/P, P/L, and L/L were 20.1%, 44.5%, and 35.4%, respectively the genotype distribution did not differ between the male controls and the male ALC patients. Conclusions The genotype at codon 10 in TGF-β1 does not appear to influence the development of ALC. Further study is needed to investigate other genetic factors that influence the development of ALC in patients with chronic alcohol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Joon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Korea
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Ceccarelli F, Perricone C, Fabris M, Alessandri C, Iagnocco A, Fabro C, Pontarini E, De Vita S, Valesini G. Transforming growth factor β 869C/T and interleukin 6 -174G/C polymorphisms relate to the severity and progression of bone-erosive damage detected by ultrasound in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2011; 13:R111. [PMID: 21740541 PMCID: PMC3239349 DOI: 10.1186/ar3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and IL-6 genes (respectively, 869C/T and -174G/C) have been associated with radiographic severity of bone-erosive damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) is more sensitive than radiography in detecting bone erosion. We analyzed the association between TGF-β 869C/T and IL-6 -174G/C SNPs and bone-erosive damage, evaluated by US, in a cohort of patients with severely active RA. Methods Seventy-seven patients were enrolled before beginning anti-TNF treatment. Disease activity was measured using the disease activity score in 28 joints, and the clinical response was evaluated according to the European League Against Rheumatism response criteria. Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated protein/peptide antibodies (ACPAs) were detected. The 869C/T TGF-β and -174G/C IL-6 SNPs were analyzed by PCR amplification. US was performed to assess the bone surfaces of metacarpophalengeal (MCP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints by obtaining multiplanar scans. According to the number of erosions per joint, a semiquantitative score ranging from 0 to 3 was calculated in each anatomical site to obtain a MCP total erosion score (TES), a PIP TES and a MTP TES, all ranging from 0 to 30, and a global patient TES calculated as the sum of these scores (range, 0 to 90). Results Patients carrying the TGF-β 869TT genotype showed a statistically significant lower MTP TES than those with the CC or CT genotype (mean MTP TES ± standard deviation for 869TT 6.3 ± 5.7 vs. 869CC/CT 11.7 ± 7.8; P = 0.011). Interestingly, patients with the TT genotype showed dichotomous behavior that was dependent on autoantibody status. In the presence of ACPAs and/or RF, the TT genotype was associated with lower erosion scores at all anatomical sites compared with the CC and CT genotypes. Conversely, the same 869TT patients showed higher erosion scores in the absence of ACPAs or RF. Conclusions In RA patients, TGF-β 869C/T SNPs could influence the bone-erosive damage as evaluated by US. The serological autoantibody status (ACPAs and RF) can modulate this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Ceccarelli
- Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, viale del Policlinico 155, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
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LEE YUJI, JANG HYERYOUN, KIM SEONGGYUN, CHAE DONGWAN, DO JUNYOUNG, LEE JUNGEUN, HUH WOOSEONG, KIM DAEJOONG, OH HAYOUNG, KIM YOONGOO. Renoprotective efficacy of valsartan in chronic non-diabetic proteinuric nephropathies with renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms. Nephrology (Carlton) 2011; 16:502-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01448.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yan-Yan L. Transforming growth factor β1 +869T/C gene polymorphism and essential hypertension: a meta-analysis involving 2708 participants in the Chinese population. Intern Med 2011; 50:1089-92. [PMID: 21576833 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.50.4967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1) +869T/C gene polymorphism has been suggested to be linked to susceptibility to essential hypertension (EH). OBJECTIVE AND METHODS To investigate the relationship between TGFB1 +869T/C gene polymorphism and EH, 5 separate studies with 2,708 subjects in the Chinese population on the relation between TGFB1 +869T/C gene polymorphism and EH were analyzed by meta-analysis. The random effect model was selected to calculate the pooled odds ratio (ORs) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%). RESULTS There was a significant association between TGFB1 +869T/C gene polymorphism and EH. The pooled OR for CC/TC+TT genotype was 2.50 (95% CI: 1.46-4.28, P (heterogeneity) <0.0001, p=0.0008). The pooled OR for the frequency of C allele was 1.43 (95% CI:1.18-1.73, P (heterogeneity) =0.02, p=0.0002). CONCLUSION The current meta-analysis suggested that C allele and CC genotype of TGFB1 +869T/C gene polymorphism might be related to the increased risk of EH in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan-Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China.
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He F, Zhao D, Deng F, Zhong H, Shi X, Yang J, Guo S, Cheng J, Huang G, Tang B, Wang Z, Chen X, Wang G, Zhang W, Zhang C, Wang X, Hu Q. Association of TGF-beta1 gene polymorphisms in exon1 and blood levels with essential hypertension. Blood Press 2010; 19:225-33. [PMID: 20459371 DOI: 10.3109/08037051003768254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Based on a case-control study, we investigated the relationship between +869T/C and +915G/C gene polymorphisms in transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), protein levels and essential hypertension (EH) in the Kazakh and Han Chinese populations selected from the Boertonggu countryside of Shawan region in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China (n=1600). The polymorphisms of TGF-beta1 and the blood levels were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assays and sandwich ELISA, respectively. MAJOR FINDINGS An association was found between +869C-allele with higher risk of EH in these two populations. We also found that the CG haplotype of the two polymorphisms was associated with EH in the Kazakh EH patients. The levels of TGF-beta(1) in the blood were positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure both in the Kazakh and Han EH patients. Levels of the TGF-beta1 protein in the Kazakh EH patients were significantly higher than those in the Han EH patients. PRINCIPAL CONCLUSION These results suggest that the TGF-beta1 +869 C allele is potentially a genetic factor of EH in these two ethnicities, the CG haplotype can be a genetic marker of EH in the Kazakh Chinese and the high concentration of TGF-beta1 is possibly associated with EH, especially in the Kazakh population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Health Ministry of China, Wuhan, China
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Havasi V, Rowe SM, Kolettis PN, Dayangac D, Sahin A, Grangeia A, Carvalho F, Barros A, Sousa M, Bassas L, Casals T, Sorscher EJ. Association of cystic fibrosis genetic modifiers with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. Fertil Steril 2010; 94:2122-7. [PMID: 20100616 PMCID: PMC3767313 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether genetic modifiers of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease also predispose to congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) in association with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutations. We tested the hypothesis that polymorphisms of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (rs 1982073, rs 1800471) and endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) (rs 5335, rs 1801708) are associated with the CBAVD phenotype. DESIGN Genotyping of subjects with clinical CBAVD. SETTING Outpatient and hospital-based clinical evaluation. PATIENT(S) DNA samples from 80 subjects with CBAVD and 51 healthy male controls from various regions of Europe. This is one of the largest genetic studies of this disease to date. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Genotype analysis. RESULT(S) For single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs 5335, we found increased frequency of the CC genotype among subjects with CBAVD. The difference was significant among Turkish patients versus controls (45.2% vs. 19.4%), and between all cases versus controls (36% vs. 15.7%). No associations between CBAVD penetrance and polymorphisms rs 1982073, rs 1800471, or rs 1801708 were observed. CONCLUSION(S) Our findings indicate that endothelin receptor type A polymorphism rs 5335 may be associated with CBAVD penetrance. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate genetic modifiers relevant to CBAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Havasi
- Department of Medicine and Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
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Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disease with a strong genetic component characterized by reduced bone mass, defects in the microarchitecture of bone tissue, and an increased risk of fragility fractures. Twin and family studies have shown high heritability of bone mineral density (BMD) and other determinants of fracture risk such as ultrasound properties of bone, skeletal geometry, and bone turnover. Osteoporotic fractures also have a heritable component, but this reduces with age as environmental factors such as risk of falling come into play. Susceptibility to osteoporosis is governed by many different genetic variants and their interaction with environmental factors such as diet and exercise. Notable successes in identification of genes that regulate BMD have come from the study of rare Mendelian bone diseases characterized by major abnormalities of bone mass where variants of large effect size are operative. Genome-wide association studies have also identified common genetic variants of small effect size that contribute to regulation of BMD and fracture risk in the general population. In many cases, the loci and genes identified by these studies had not previously been suspected to play a role in bone metabolism. Although there has been extensive progress in identifying the genes and loci that contribute to the regulation of BMD and fracture over the past 15 yr, most of the genetic variants that regulate these phenotypes remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart H Ralston
- Rheumatic Diseases Unit, Molecular Medicine Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom.
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69
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Polymorphisms in the genes encoding TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 show association with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Slovak population. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2010; 58:385-93. [PMID: 20686866 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-010-0092-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous cytokines have been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). As gene polymorphisms can influence cytokine production or function, they may potentially contribute to genetic predisposition to the disease. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the role of 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 13 cytokine and cytokine receptor genes in genetic susceptibility to T1D. Polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers was used to genotype cytokine SNPs and HLA-DRB1 alleles in 151 diabetics and 140 healthy individuals of Slovak origin. Univariate analysis showed that transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 codon 10 TT homozygotes were significantly more susceptible to developing T1D than C allele carriers (P (c) = 0.0066, OR = 2.46). Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha -308 A allele carriers were also significantly overrepresented among the diabetics (P (c) = 0.0031, OR = 2.62); however, the association of the -308 A allele with T1D might be due to its strong linkage disequilibrium with the susceptibility allele HLA-DRB1*0301. An association was also found with interleukin (IL)-6 -174 G/C and nt565 G/A SNPs; however, its significance was lost when statistical correction was applied. These data suggest that the TGF-beta1 codon 10 SNP is among numerous genetic variations with small individual effects on T1D development. Moreover, a possible role of TNF-alpha and IL-6 SNPs cannot be ruled out, although their association with T1D was due to strong LD with the HLA class II susceptibility allele or did not withstand statistical correction, respectively.
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70
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Lee HY, Kim YK. Effect of TGF-β1 polymorphism on the susceptibility to schizophrenia and treatment response to atypical antipsychotic agent. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2010; 22:174-9. [PMID: 25385122 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2009.00435.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lee H-Y, Kim Y-K. Effect of TGF-β1 polymorphism on the susceptibility to schizophrenia and treatment response to atypical antipsychotic agent. OBJECTIVE Several studies have suggested that cytokine alterations could be related to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) is believed to be an important factor in regulation of inflammatory responses and to have anti-inflammatory effects. TGF-β1 also has trophic effects on dopaminergic neurons. We tested the hypothesis TGF-β1 is associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. METHODS The polymorphisms at codon 10 (T869C) and codon 25 (G915C) of TGF-β1 were analysed in 99 schizophrenia patients and 130 normal controls. At baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment, clinical symptoms were evaluated on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS None of the subjects were polymorphic at codon 25. However, the C allele at codon 10 was more frequent in schizophrenia (p = 0.05). Although schizophrenia group showed a higher tendency of allele frequency in the subjects with C allele (p = 0.05), the allelic difference did not reach statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons (p = 0.1). PANSS scores showed no significant correlation with genotypes. The genotype distribution was not significantly different between responders and non-responders. However, the C allele was more frequent among responders (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION These results suggest that the TGF-β1 polymorphism is associated with therapeutic response to antipsychotics. However, further studies with larger numbers of subjects are needed to confirm the effect of TGF-β1 in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Young Lee
- 1Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Korea
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- 1Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Korea
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Mori S, Fuku N, Chiba Y, Tokimura F, Hosoi T, Kimbara Y, Tamura Y, Araki A, Tanaka M, Ito H. Cooperative effect of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and a polymorphism of transforming growth factor-beta1 gene on the prevalence of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Metab 2010; 28:446-50. [PMID: 20052600 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-009-0147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A T869-->C polymorphism of the transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) gene is reported to be associated with genetic susceptibility to both osteoporosis and vertebral fractures. A low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level is known to be associated with a higher risk for hip fracture. This study aimed to assess a possible cooperative effect of the gene polymorphism and vitamin D status on vertebral fracture risk. The prevalence of vertebral fracture in 168 postmenopausal female patients with osteoporosis was analyzed, and its association with the TGF-beta1 gene polymorphism and serum 25(OH)D concentration was assessed cross-sectionally. The fracture prevalence increased according to the rank order of the TGF-beta1 genotypes CC < CT < TT, as expected. A significant difference was found not only between the CC and TT genotypes (P = 0.005) but also between the CC and CT genotypes (P < 0.05) when the patients with serum 25(OH)D of more than the median value [22 ng/ml (55 nmol/l)] were analyzed. On the other hand, when those with serum 25(OH)D of less than the median value were analyzed, the protective effect of the C allele against the fracture was blunted; statistical significance in the difference of the fracture prevalence was lost between the CC genotype and the other genotypes. These data suggest that vitamin D fulfillment is prerequisite for the TGF-beta1 genotype in exerting its full effect on the fracture prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seijiro Mori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
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Lee HY, Kim YK. Transforming growth factor-beta1 and major depressive disorder with and without attempted suicide: preliminary study. Psychiatry Res 2010; 178:92-6. [PMID: 20452036 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2009.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 02/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A substantial body of evidence indicates that dysregulation of the immune system is associated with suicidal behavior in major depressive disorder (MDD). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 is believed to be an important factor in regulating inflammatory responses and to have anti-inflammatory effects. We aimed to identify the role of TGF-beta1 on suicidal depression. The TGF-beta1 polymorphisms at codons 10 and 25 were analyzed in 122 suicidal MDD patients, 61 non-suicidal MDD patients, and 120 control subjects and, among them, in vitro TGF-beta1 productions were measured in 48 suicidal MDD patients, 47 non-suicidal MDD patients, and 91 control subjects. There was no genetic polymorphism at codon 25 and three genotypes at codon 10. No significant difference in the distributions of the TGF-beta1 genotypes was found among the three groups. The in vitro TGF-beta1 productions were significantly higher in suicidal MDD patients (844.3+/-329.7 pg/ml) and in non-suicidal MDD patients (853.0+/-439.7 pg/ml) than in controls (683.0+/-397.0 pg/ml) (P=0.01). In vitro TGF-beta1 productions were not significantly different among patients with any of the TGF-beta1 alleles or genotypes. Our findings suggest that in vitro TGF-beta1 productions play an important role on MDD, but we found no associations between TGF-beta1 and suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Kyunggi Province, Republic of Korea
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74
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Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disease with a strong genetic component characterized by reduced bone mass and an increased risk of fragility fractures. Twin and family studies have shown that the heritability of bone mineral density and other determinants of fracture risk, such as ultrasound properties of bone, skeletal geometry, and bone turnover, is high, although heritability of fracture is modest. Many different genetic variants contribute to the regulation of these phenotypes. Most are common variants of small effect size, but there is evidence that rare variants of large effect size also contribute in some individuals. Many of the genes that regulate susceptibility to osteoporosis have been identified through studies of rare bone diseases, but genome-wide association studies have also been successful in identifying genes that predispose to osteoporosis. Although there has been extensive progress in this area over the past 10 years, most of the genetic variants that regulate susceptibility to osteoporosis remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart H Ralston
- University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
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75
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Kooloos WM, Wessels JA, van der Straaten T, Allaart CF, Huizinga TW, Guchelaar HJ. Functional polymorphisms and methotrexate treatment outcome in recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacogenomics 2010; 11:163-75. [PMID: 20136356 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.09.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Clinical response to methotrexate (MTX) treatment differs among rheumatoid arthritis patients. Genetic variation can partly account for this phenomenon. In this study, functional polymorphisms in genes related to the mechanism of action of MTX or immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis were studied for association with treatment outcome in a Dutch cohort of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, tests for replication of previous research on these genetic variants were performed according to reported end points. MATERIALS & METHODS Seven polymorphisms in seven genes were analyzed in 205 genotyped patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. All patients received standardized MTX treatment (< or =25 mg per week orally) combined with folic acid. MTX treatment outcome was evaluated by disease activity score criteria and adverse drug events. The following genetic variants were analyzed and correlated: ABCB1 3435C>T, ITPA IVS2 +21A>C, HLA-G (-14 bp >+14 bp), TGFB1 +869T>C and TLR4 +896A>G. In case of significant differences, regression analyses were applied. Since carriers of the minor alleles of the SNPs DHFR 829C>T and IMPDH2 +787C>T were not observed, no statistical analyses could be performed. RESULTS No significant associations or replications of these genetic variants with MTX efficacy were demonstrated. Regarding toxicity, patients carrying the ABCB1 3435T-allele and TLR4 +896G-allele were 2.5-times more likely to develop adverse drug events at 6 months (odds ratio: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.1-6.2, and odds ratio: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1-6.1, respectively). Additionally, this chance increased almost fourfold in patients with the two unfavorable genotypes (odds ratio: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.5-10.3). However, none of these associations remained significant after correction for multiple testing (p < 0.004). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that MTX toxicity was potentially associated with ABCB1 3435C>T and TLR4 +896A>G. However, after correction, none of these associations remained significant. Furthermore, no significant associations or replications of these functional variants with efficacy were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter M Kooloos
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, NL 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Büyük U, Ates Ö, Dalyan L, Müsellim B, Öngen G, Topal-Sarıkaya A. Analysis of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients with scleroderma. Cell Biochem Funct 2010; 28:274-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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78
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Kim DR, Laurence B, Jan VM, Wilfried DN, Hubert T. Association of TGFβ1 polymorphisms involved in radiation toxicity with TGFβ1 secretion in vitro. Cytokine 2010; 50:37-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Marini F, Brandi ML. Genetic determinants of osteoporosis: common bases to cardiovascular diseases? Int J Hypertens 2010; 2010:394579. [PMID: 20948561 PMCID: PMC2949079 DOI: 10.4061/2010/394579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common and serious age-related skeletal disorder, characterized by a low bone mass and bone microarchitectural deterioration, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to spontaneous fractures, and it represents a major worldwide health care problem with important implications for health care costs, morbidity and mortality. Today is well accepted that osteoporosis is a multifactorial disorder caused by the interaction between environment and genes that singularly exert modest effects on bone mass and other aspects of bone strength and fracture risk. The individuation of genetic factors responsible for osteoporosis predisposition and development is fundamental for the disease prevention and for the setting of novel therapies, before fracture occurrence. In the last decades the interest of the Scientific Community has been concentrated in the understanding the genetic bases of this disease but with controversial and/or inconclusive results. This review tries to summarize data on the most representative osteoporosis candidate genes. Moreover, since recently osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases have shown to share common physiopathological mechanisms, this review also provides information on the current understanding of osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases common genetic bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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80
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McNamara LM. Perspective on post-menopausal osteoporosis: establishing an interdisciplinary understanding of the sequence of events from the molecular level to whole bone fractures. J R Soc Interface 2010; 7:353-72. [PMID: 19846441 PMCID: PMC2842799 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2009.0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Current drug treatments for post-menopausal osteoporosis cannot eliminate bone fractures, possibly because the mechanisms responsible for bone loss are not fully understood. Although research within various disciplines has significantly advanced the state of knowledge, fundamental findings are not widely understood between different disciplines. For that reason, this paper presents noteworthy experimental findings from discrete disciplines focusing on post-menopausal osteoporosis. These studies have established that, in addition to bone loss, significant changes in bone micro-architecture, tissue composition and micro-damage occur. Cellular processes and molecular signalling pathways governing pathological bone resorption have been identified to a certain extent. Ongoing studies endeavour to determine how such changes are initiated at the onset of oestrogen deficiency. It emerges that, because of the discrete nature of previous research studies, the sequence of events that lead to bone fracture is not fully understood. In this paper, two sequences of multi-scale changes are proposed and the experimental challenges that need to be overcome to fully define this sequence are outlined. Future studies must comprehensively characterize the time sequence of molecular-, cellular- and tissue-level changes to attain a coherent understanding of the events that ultimately lead to bone fracture and inform the future development of treatments for post-menopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M McNamara
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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81
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Jahromi MM, Millward BA, Demaine AG. Significant Correlation Between Association of Polymorphism in Codon 10 of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 T (29) C With Type 1 Diabetes and Patients With Nephropathy Disorder. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2010; 30:59-66. [DOI: 10.1089/jir.2009.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Jahromi
- Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - B. Ann Millward
- Molecular Medicine Department, Peninsula Medical School, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew G. Demaine
- Molecular Medicine Department, Peninsula Medical School, Plymouth, United Kingdom
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Hu BC, Li L, Sun RH, Gao PJ, Zhu DL, Wang JG, Chu SL. The association between transforming growth factor beta3 polymorphisms and left ventricular structure in hypertensive subjects. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:558-62. [PMID: 20083094 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 01/10/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) may be a crucial regulator of cardiac remodeling. We investigated the association between the TGF-beta gene polymorphisms and left ventricular structure. METHODS A total of 658 hypertensive subjects were genotyped for the TGF-beta1 T869C and TGF-beta3 (rs3917187 and rs4252338) polymorphisms. RESULTS TGF-beta3 rs3917187 AA homozygotes had, while accounting for covariates, greater left ventricular end-systolic (LVESD, P=0.004) and end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD, P=0.007) than G allele carriers. Moreover, left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in AA genotype was 123.0+/-3.1g/m(2) significantly higher than that in AG (114.6+/-1.6g/m(2)) and GG (115.4+/-2.1g/m(2), P=0.03) genotypes. In multivariate regression analysis, TGF-beta3 rs3917187 genotype as an independent predictor had statistically significant effects on LVESD (beta=0.164, P=0.002), LVEDD (beta=0.172, P=0.003) and LVMI (beta=0.136, P=0.016), respectively. In further analyses, we observed a significant interaction between the rs3917187 and alcohol intake in relation to LVESD (P(int)=0.04) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFSH, P(int)=0.012). However, no relationship could be found between left ventricular parameters and the T869C or the rs4252338. CONCLUSION The present results demonstrated that the TGF-beta3 rs3917187 polymorphism was associated with left ventricular structure, and had an interactive influence with alcohol on LVESD and LVFSH in hypertensive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Chuan Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Ohnaka K, Yamamoto K, Nakamura K, Adachi M, Kawate H, Kono S, Takayanagi R. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in secreted frizzled-related protein 1 gene with bone mineral density in Japanese women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2010; 9:304-9. [PMID: 19702942 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2009.00540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Recent studies have demonstrated that the Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in bone metabolism. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the gene of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1), a Wnt antagonist, is involved in the etiology of osteoporosis using association study. METHODS Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the SFRP1 gene were genotyped and analyzed for association with bone mineral density (BMD) in 931 Japanese women (63.5 +/- 6.7 years old, mean +/- standard deviation). RESULTS One SNP (rs16890444) located in intron and another (rs3242) located in the 3'-untranslated region of the sFRP1 gene were significantly associated with the lumbar spine BMD value, and BMD values for both the femoral neck and the total hip, respectively. Women with the T/T genotype of the former SNP had a lower BMD value of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) compared with those with C/C or C/T (BMD value adjusted for age, duration after menopause, and body mass index: 0.781 vs 0.830, P = 0.037), while women with the T/T genotype of the latter SNP had higher BMD values of femoral neck and total hip compared with those with C/C or C/T (adjusted BMD value: femoral neck, 0.721 vs 0.633, P = 0.025; total hip, 0.834 vs 0.737, P = 0.027). CONCLUSION These results suggest that the SFRP1 may be a candidate gene for a BMD determinant, but further studies need to consolidate the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Ohnaka
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan
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Kim SY, Lim JH, Park SY, Yang JH, Kim MY, Kim MH, Ryu HM. ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Transforming Growth Factor-Beta1 Gene Polymorphisms in Korean Patients with Pre-eclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63:291-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2009.00795.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Chang WW, Su H, He L, Zhao KF, Wu JL, Xu ZW. Association between transforming growth factor-β1 T869C polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 49:652-6. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kep417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Paladino N, Flores AC, Fainboim H, Schroder T, Cuarterolo M, Lezama C, Ballerga EG, Levi D, Tanno H, Costanzo G, Arruvito L, Fainboim L. The most severe forms of type I autoimmune hepatitis are associated with genetically determined levels of TGF-beta1. Clin Immunol 2009; 134:305-12. [PMID: 19962351 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2009.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that paediatric (PAH) and adult (AAH) forms of type I autoimmune hepatitis (AH) have different HLA-associations and clinical outcome. In the present study we investigated the role of TGF-beta1 genetic polymorphisms in the different outcome of PAH and AAH. We found a significant increase of "high producer" 25GG genotype in PAH and 10CC in AAH. Low inflammation and low fibrosis in AAH was associated with the increase of codon 10CC (high producer) and codon 25CC (low producer) genotypes. The analysis in AAH of the two positions-haplotypes revealed that combined presence of 25GG and 10CC seems to neutralize the 10CC effect which remained in AAH having the 10CC(+)-25GG(-) haplotype. Altogether these results may explain, at least partially, the different clinical outcome of AAH and PAH.
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Yeni YN, Dong XN, Zhang B, Gibson GJ, Fyhrie DP. Cancellous bone properties and matrix content of TGF-beta2 and IGF-I in human tibia: a pilot study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2009; 467:3079-86. [PMID: 19472023 PMCID: PMC2772931 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-009-0896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Transforming and insulin-like growth factors are important in regulating bone mass. Thus, one would anticipate correlations between matrix concentrations of growth factors and functional properties of bone. We therefore investigated the relationships of (1) TGF-beta2 and (2) IGF-I matrix concentrations with the trabecular microstructure, stress distribution, and mechanical properties of tibial cancellous bone from six male human cadavers. Trabecular stress amplification (VMExp/sigma(app)) and variability (VMCOV) were calculated using microcomputed tomography (muCT)-based finite element simulations. Bone volume fraction (BV/TV), surface/volume ratio (BS/BV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), number (Tb.N) and separation (Tb.Sp), connectivity (Eu.N), and anisotropy (DA) were measured using 3-D morphometry. Bone stiffness and strength were measured by mechanical testing. Matrix concentrations of TGF-beta2 and IGF-I were measured by ELISA. We found higher matrix concentrations of TGF-beta2 were associated with higher Tb.Sp and VMExp/sigma(app) for pooled data and within subjects. Similarly, a higher matrix concentration of IGF-I was associated with lower stiffness, strength, BV/TV and Tb.Th and with higher BS/BV, Tb.Sp, VMExp/sigma(app) and VMCOV for pooled data and within subjects. IGF-I and Tb.N were negatively associated within subjects. It appears variations of the stress distribution in cancellous bone correlate with the variation of the concentrations of TGF-beta2 and IGF-I in bone matrix: increased local matrix concentrations of growth factors are associated with poor biomechanical and architectural properties of tibial cancellous bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yener N. Yeni
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Section of Biomechanics, Bone and Joint Center, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, E&R 2015, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - X. Neil Dong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Section of Cell Biology, Bone and Joint Center, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, E&R 2015, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Gary J. Gibson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Section of Cell Biology, Bone and Joint Center, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, E&R 2015, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - David P. Fyhrie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lawrence J. Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA USA
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88
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Liebhart J, Dobek R. Transforming growth factor-beta in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/17471060701721985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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89
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Berro M, Mayor NP, Maldonado-Torres H, Cooke L, Kusminsky G, Marsh SGE, Madrigal JA, Shaw BE. Association of functional polymorphisms of the transforming growth factor B1 gene with survival and graft-versus-host disease after unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Haematologica 2009; 95:276-83. [PMID: 19713222 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2009.010835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many genetic factors play major roles in the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplants from unrelated donors. Transforming growth factor beta1 is a member of a highly pleiotrophic family of growth factors involved in the regulation of numerous immunomodulatory processes. DESIGN AND METHODS We investigated the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms at codons 10 and 25 of TGFB1, the gene encoding for transforming growth factor beta1, on outcomes in 427 mye-loablative-conditioned transplanted patients. In addition, transforming growth factor beta1 plasma levels were measured in 263 patients and 327 donors. RESULTS Patients homozygous for the single nucleotide polymorphism at codon 10 had increased non-relapse mortality (at 3 years: 46.8% versus 29.4%, P=0.014) and reduced overall survival (at 5 years 29.3% versus 42.2%, P=0.013); the differences remained statistically significant in multivariate analysis. Donor genotype alone had no impact, although multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms within the pair were significantly associated with higher non-relapse mortality (at 3 years: 44% versus 29%, P=0.021) and decreased overall survival (at 5 years: 33.8% versus 41.9%, P=0.033). In the 10/10 HLA matched transplants (n=280), recipients of non-wild type grafts tended to have a higher incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease grades II-IV (P=0.052). In multivariate analysis, when analyzed with patients' genotype, the incidences of both overall and grades II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease were increased (P=0.025 and P=0.009, respectively) in non-wild-type pairs. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that increasing numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms in codon 10 of TGFB1 in patients and donors are associated with a worse outcome following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Berro
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Anthony Nolan Trust, Fleet Road, NW3 2QG, London, UK
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90
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Taherkhani H, Hajilooi M, Fallah M, Khyabanchi O, Haidari M. Gene polymorphism in transforming growth factor-beta codon 10 is associated with susceptibility to Giardiasis. Int J Immunogenet 2009; 36:345-9. [PMID: 19703231 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00873.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) antibodies have a central role in anti-Giardial defence. It has been demonstrated that transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) stimulates B lymphocytes to produce and secrete S-IgA. We sought to determine the association between TGF-beta1 polymorphism (T+869C) with susceptibility to Giardiasis. The TGF-beta1 genotypes and levels of salivary (S-IgA) were analysed in individuals with Giardiasis (97 symptomatic and 57 asymptomatic) and controls (n = 92). Individuals with symptomatic Giardiasis had the lowest levels of S-IgA compared to individuals in asymptomatic Giardiasis and control groups (97%, 73% and 43%, <1 g L(-1), respectively, P = 0.002). The frequency of allele C and CC genotypes of TGF-beta1 polymorphism was significantly higher among symptomatic patients than asymptomatic and control groups. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the individuals homozygous for allele C of TGF-beta1 had a significantly higher risk for symptomatic Giardiasis with odds ratio of 2.76 (95% CI: 3.88, 1.71, P = 0.007). Among the participants with TT genotype per cent of individuals with S-IgA level of more than 1 g L(-1) was almost twice the percentage in CC genotype individuals (14% versus 7% respectively P = 0.01). Our data suggest that CC genotype of TGF-beta1 polymorphism at codon 10 is associated with occurrence of Giardiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Taherkhani
- Medical Parasitology Department, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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91
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Kassiri Z, Defamie V, Hariri M, Oudit GY, Anthwal S, Dawood F, Liu P, Khokha R. Simultaneous transforming growth factor beta-tumor necrosis factor activation and cross-talk cause aberrant remodeling response and myocardial fibrosis in Timp3-deficient heart. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:29893-904. [PMID: 19625257 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.028449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic cytokines, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) play critical roles in tissue homeostasis in response to injury and are implicated in multiple human diseases and cancer. We reported that the loss of Timp3 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3) leads to abnormal TNF signaling and cardiovascular function. Here we show that parallel deregulation of TGFbeta1 and TNF signaling in Timp3(-/-) mice amplifies their cross-talk at the onset of cardiac response to mechanical stress (pressure overload), resulting in fibrosis and early heart failure. Microarray analysis showed a distinct gene expression profile in Timp3(-/-) hearts, highlighting activation of TGFbeta1 signaling as a potential mechanism underlying fibrosis. Neonatal cardiomyocyte-cardiofibroblast co-cultures were established to measure fibrogenic response to agonists known to be induced following mechanical stress in vivo. A stronger response occurred in neonatal Timp3(-/-) co-cultures, as determined by increased Smad signaling and collagen expression, due to increased TNF processing and precocious proteolytic maturation of TGFbeta1 to its active form. The relationship between TGFbeta1 and TNF was dissected using genetic and pharmacological manipulations. Timp3(-/-)/Tnf(-/-) mice had lower TGFbeta1 than Timp3(-/-), and anti-TGFbeta1 antibody (1D11) negated the abnormal TNF response, indicating their reciprocal stimulatory effects, with each manipulation abolishing fibrosis and improving heart function. Thus, TIMP3 is a common innate regulator of TGFbeta1 and TNF in tissue response to injury. The matrix-bound TIMP3 balances the anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory processes toward constructive tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamaneh Kassiri
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G2M9, Canada
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92
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Hu BC, Chu SL, Wang GL, Gao PJ, Zhu DL, Wang JG. Association between Genetic Variation in Transforming Growth Factors β1 and β3 and Renal Dysfunction in Non-Diabetic Chinese. Clin Exp Hypertens 2009; 30:121-31. [DOI: 10.1080/10641960801931907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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93
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Mori S, Chiba Y, Yamamoto S, Hosoi T, Horiuchi T, Kamimiya F, Tamura Y, Araki A, Ito H. [The implementation of personalized treatment for osteoporosis]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2009; 45:655-9. [PMID: 19179799 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.45.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To establish personalized treatment of osteoporosis. METHODS A T869-->C polymorphism in exon 1 of the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene, which results in a Leu-->Pro substitution at amino acid 10, is reported to be associated with the rate of bone loss as well as the response to active vitamin D treatment. Therefore, we determined this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to estimate the need of active vitamin D treatment. We also determined serum level of 25 hydroxy-vitamin D to evaluate a degree of vitamin D fulfillment. Based on these data, we categorized postmenopausal patients into four groups; C homozygote with vitamin D deficiency patients to whom 1 microg/day active vitamin D was administered, C homozygote without vitamin D deficiency patients or those who bore at least one T-allele with vitamin D deficiency to whom 0.5 microg/day active vitamin D was administered, and patients who bore at least one T-allele without vitamin D deficiency to whom no drug was given. The patients were checked up every 6 months with regard to changes in bone mineral density and occurrence of fresh fractures. RESULTS The SNP was associated with prevalent vertebral fractures; the frequency of the T allele was significantly greater in patients with vertebral fractures. Furthermore, the serum level of 25 hydroxy-vitamin D was significantly lower in patients with vertebral fractures, which were observed in 17 out of 34 patients who bore at least one T-allele as well as vitamin D deficiency, while only 2 of 15 homozygous C-allele carriers without vitamin D deficiency suffered from fractures. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the SNP in combination with the serum level of 25 hydroxy-vitamin D can predict fracture risk in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seijiro Mori
- Department of Endocrinology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital
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94
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Zhang N, Wu XY, Wu XP, Fu XH, Du XY, Xie H, Peng YQ, Luo XH, Liao EY. Relationship between age-related serum concentrations of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 and those of osteoprotegerin and leptin in native Chinese women. Clin Chim Acta 2009; 403:63-9. [PMID: 19361465 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2009.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2008] [Revised: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1), TGF-beta2, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and leptin are important cytokines in the regulation of bone remodeling. We investigated the relationship of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 concentrations with those of OPG and leptin in Chinese females. METHODS The serum concentrations of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, OPG, and leptin were measured by ELISA in 459 healthy Chinese females aged 25-80 y. RESULTS The mean values (+/-SD) of the serum concentrations of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, OPG, and leptin in Chinese females were 29.7+/-1.69 microg/l, 13.7+/-3.86 microg/l, 3.81+/-1.96 pmol/l, and 10.5+/-2.01 microg/l, respectively. Further, the serum TGF-beta1 concentrations of postmenopausal women were significantly lower than those of perimenopausal and premenopausal women (24.3+/-1.59 vs 33.4+/-1.69 and 37.6+/-1.64, respectively), while the TGF-beta2 concentrations of postmenopausal women were significantly higher than those of perimenopausal and premenopausal women (14.6+/-3.91 vs 13.5+/-3.93 and 11.7+/-2.68, respectively). The serum TGF-beta1 concentration was found to be significantly negatively correlated with age (r=-0.335, P=0.000) and the TGF-beta2 concentration, to be significantly positively correlated with age (r=0.230, P=0.000). The TGF-beta1 concentration was found to be significantly negatively correlated with both TGF-beta2 (r=-0.261, P=0.000) and OPG (r=-0.313, P=0.000) concentrations; a significantly positive correlation was found between the TGF-beta1 and leptin concentrations (r=0.164, P=0.000) and between TGF-beta2 and OPG concentrations (r=0.432, P=0.000). CONCLUSION These results provide age-related reference values of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 in Chinese adult women, and reveal the relationships between these cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 139 Renmin-Zhong Rd, Hunan 410011, PR China
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95
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Association of transforming growth factor β1 gene polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis in a Turkish population. Joint Bone Spine 2009; 76:20-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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96
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Panoulas VF, Douglas KMJ, Smith JP, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Metsios GS, Nightingale P, Kitas GD. Transforming growth factor-beta1 869T/C, but not interleukin-6 -174G/C, polymorphism associates with hypertension in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 48:113-8. [PMID: 19106168 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Part of the deleterious effects of systemic inflammation on the cardiovascular system of patients with RA may be exerted via increased propensity to hypertension. IL-6 and TGF-beta1 are important regulators of the inflammatory response. In some, but not all, studies, IL6 -174G/C (rs1800795) and TGFB1 869T/C (rs1982073) gene polymorphisms have been associated with hypertension in the general population. The present study addressed their potential association with hypertension in RA patients. METHODS TGFB1 869T/C and IL6 -174G/C were identified in 400 RA patients and 422 local, non-RA controls using real-time PCR and melting curve analysis. Binary logistic and linear regression models were used to identify the independence of the effects of the polymorphisms on hypertension. RESULTS Genotypic and allelic frequencies of the two polymorphisms were similar in RA and controls. Within the RA group, there was no significant association between IL6 -174G/C and hypertension, but TGF 869T-allele carriers had significantly increased prevalence of hypertension compared with CC homozygotes (70.2 vs 55.2%; P = 0.023). This association remained significant after adjustment for other hypertension risk factors and medication (odds ratio = 1.96; 95% CI 1.02, 3.77; P = 0.044), and was more pronounced in patients with increased systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests an association of TGFB1 869T/C, but not of IL6 -174G/C, with hypertension in RA patients. If this finding is confirmed in prospective studies, this polymorphism could be used as a screening tool for RA patients with higher risk of developing hypertension and lead to increased surveillance and earlier treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V F Panoulas
- Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Trust, Russells Hall Hospital, Pensnett Road, Dudley, UK
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97
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Wu F, Qu Y, Tang Y, Cao D, Sun P, Xia Z. Lack of association between cytokine gene polymorphisms and silicosis and pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese iron miners. J Occup Health 2008; 50:445-54. [PMID: 18931463 DOI: 10.1539/joh.l8006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a fibrotic lung disease produced by the inhalation and deposition of silica dust. The association between silicosis and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) has been well established. Cytokines participate in the development and progression of silicosis and PTB. Functional polymorphisms in cytokine genes have been identified that alter cytokine production. The aims of the current investigation were to determine whether functional polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene at position -308; in the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) gene at positions -509, +869 (codon 10), and +915 (codon 25); in the interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene at position -1,082, -819 and -592; and in the intron 1 of the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) gene at position +874 are associated with silicosis and PTB. We conducted a case-control study with 183 silicosis patients and 111 silica-exposed miners, and a 1:2 matched case-control study of 61 PTB cases and 122 PTB-free miners. Genotype analysis was performed on genomic DNA, using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. There was complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the -819C and -592C alleles of the IL-10 gene. The genotype frequencies were similar between cases and control subjects for all investigated cytokine polymorphisms (p>0.05). We did not find an association between the different genotypes and severity of silicosis. We assume that these genetic variants do not play a dominant role in silicosis and PTB in our Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wu
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, China
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98
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Amani D, Farjadian S, Ghaderi A. The frequency of transforming growth factor-beta1 gene polymorphisms in a normal southern Iranian population. Int J Immunogenet 2008; 35:145-51. [PMID: 18321307 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2008.00753.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene (TGFB1) have been reported. Determination of TGFB1 SNPs allele frequencies in different ethnic groups is useful for both population genetic analyses and association studies with immunological diseases. In this study, five SNPs of TGFB1 were determined in 325 individuals from a normal southern Iranian population using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. This population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for these SNPs. Of the 12 constructed haplotypes, GTCGC and GCTGC were the most frequent in the normal southern Iranian population. Comparison of genotype and allele frequencies of TGFB SNPs between Iranian and other populations (meta-analysis) showed significant differences, and in this case the southern Iranian population seems genetically similar to Caucasoid populations. However, neighbour-joining tree using Nei's genetic distances based on TGF-beta1 allele frequencies showed that southern Iranians are genetically far from people from the USA, Germany, UK, Denmark and the Czech Republic. In conclusion, this is the first report of the distribution of TGFB1 SNPs in an Iranian population and the results of this investigation may provide useful information for both population genetic and disease studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Amani
- Department of Immunology, Medical School, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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99
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Langdahl BL, Uitterlinden AG, Ralston SH, Trikalinos TA, Balcells S, Brandi ML, Scollen S, Lips P, Lorenc R, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Reid DM, Armas JB, Arp PP, Bassiti A, Bustamante M, Husted LB, Carey AH, Pérez Cano R, Dobnig H, Dunning AM, Fahrleitner-Pammer A, Falchetti A, Karczmarewicz E, Kruk M, van Leeuwen JPTM, Masi L, van Meurs JBJ, Mangion J, McGuigan FEA, Mellibovsky L, Mosekilde L, Nogués X, Pols HAP, Reeve J, Renner W, Rivadeneira F, van Schoor NM, Ioannidis JPA. Large-scale analysis of association between polymorphisms in the transforming growth factor beta 1 gene (TGFB1) and osteoporosis: the GENOMOS study. Bone 2008; 42:969-81. [PMID: 18284942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2007.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2007] [Revised: 11/05/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The TGFB1 gene which encodes transforming growth factor beta 1, is a strong candidate for susceptibility to osteoporosis and several studies have reported associations between bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporotic fractures and polymorphisms of TGFB1, although these studies have yielded conflicting results. METHODS We investigated associations between TGFB1 polymorphisms and BMD and fracture in the GENOMOS study: a prospective multicenter study involving 10 European research studies including a total of 28,924 participants. Genotyping was conducted for known TGFB1 polymorphisms at the following sites: G-1639-A (G-800-A, rs1800468), C-1348-T (C-509-T, rs1800469), T29-C (Leu10Pro, rs1982073), G74-C (Arg25Pro, rs1800471) and C788-T (Thr263Ile, rs1800472). These polymorphisms were genotyped prospectively and methodology was standardized across research centers. Genotypes and haplotypes were related to BMD at the lumbar sine and femoral neck and fractures. RESULTS There were no significant differences in either women or men at either skeletal site for any of the examined polymorphisms with the possible exception of a weak association with reduced BMD (-12 mg/cm2) in men with the T-1348 allele (p<0.05). None of the haplotypes was associated with BMD and none of the polymorphisms or haplotypes significantly affected overall risk of fractures, however, the odds ratio for incident vertebral fracture in carriers of the rare T788 allele was 1.64 (95% CI: 1.09-2.64), p<0.05. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that polymorphic variation in the TGFB1 gene does not play a major role in regulating BMD or susceptibility to fractures. The weak associations we observed between the C-1348-T and lumbar spine BMD in men and between C788-T and risk of incident vertebral fractures are of interest but could be chance findings and will need replication in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente L Langdahl
- Department of Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
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100
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Dorfman R, Sandford A, Taylor C, Huang B, Frangolias D, Wang Y, Sang R, Pereira L, Sun L, Berthiaume Y, Tsui LC, Paré PD, Durie P, Corey M, Zielenski J. Complex two-gene modulation of lung disease severity in children with cystic fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:1040-9. [PMID: 18292811 DOI: 10.1172/jci33754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic disease, its clinical manifestations are influenced in a complex manner. Severity of lung disease, the main cause of mortality among CF patients, is likely modulated by several genes. The mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) gene encodes an innate immune response protein and has been implicated as a pulmonary modifier in CF. However, reports have been conflicting, and interactions with other modifiers have not been investigated. We therefore evaluated the association of MBL2 with CF pulmonary phenotype in a cohort of 1,019 Canadian pediatric CF patients. MBL2 genotypes were combined into low-, intermediate-, and high-expression groups based on MBL2 levels in plasma. Analysis of age at first infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa demonstrated that MBL2 deficiency was significantly associated with earlier onset of infection. This MBL2 effect was amplified in patients with high-producing genotypes of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1). Similarly, MBL2 deficiency was associated with more rapid decline of pulmonary function, most significantly in those carrying the high-producing TGFB1 genotype. These findings provide evidence of gene-gene interaction in the pathogenesis of CF lung disease, whereby high TGF-beta1 production enhances the modulatory effect of MBL2 on the age of first bacterial infection and the rate of decline of pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Dorfman
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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