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Yan Z, Zhang H, Maher C, Arteaga-Solis E, Champagne FA, Wu L, McDonald JD, Yan B, Schwartz GJ, Miller RL. Prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, adiposity, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ methylation in offspring, grand-offspring mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110706. [PMID: 25347678 PMCID: PMC4210202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Greater levels of prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) have been associated with childhood obesity in epidemiological studies. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Objectives We hypothesized that prenatal PAH over-exposure during gestation would lead to weight gain and increased fat mass in offspring and grand-offspring mice. Further, we hypothesized that altered adipose gene expression and DNA methylation in genes important to adipocyte differentiation would be affected. Materials and Methods Pregnant dams were exposed to a nebulized PAH mixture versus negative control aerosol 5 days a week, for 3 weeks. Body weight was recorded from postnatal day (PND) 21 through PND60. Body composition, adipose cell size, gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP) α, cyclooxygenase (Cox)-2, fatty acid synthase (FAS) and adiponectin, and DNA methylation of PPAR γ, were assayed in both the offspring and grand-offspring adipose tissue. Findings Offspring of dams exposed to greater PAH during gestation had increased weight, fat mass, as well as higher gene expression of PPAR γ, C/EBP α, Cox2, FAS and adiponectin and lower DNA methylation of PPAR γ. Similar differences in phenotype and DNA methylation extended through the grand-offspring mice. Conclusions Greater prenatal PAH exposure was associated with increased weight, fat mass, adipose gene expression and epigenetic changes in progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghai Yan
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Hanjie Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Christina Maher
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Emilio Arteaga-Solis
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Frances A. Champagne
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Licheng Wu
- Departments of Medicine and Neuroscience, Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jacob D. McDonald
- Department of Toxicology, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, United States of America
| | - Gary J. Schwartz
- Departments of Medicine and Neuroscience, Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rachel L. Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Pembrey M, Saffery R, Bygren LO. Human transgenerational responses to early-life experience: potential impact on development, health and biomedical research. J Med Genet 2014; 51:563-72. [PMID: 25062846 PMCID: PMC4157403 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian experiments provide clear evidence of male line transgenerational effects on health and development from paternal or ancestral early-life exposures such as diet or stress. The few human observational studies to date suggest (male line) transgenerational effects exist that cannot easily be attributed to cultural and/or genetic inheritance. Here we summarise relevant studies, drawing attention to exposure sensitive periods in early life and sex differences in transmission and offspring outcomes. Thus, variation, or changes, in the parental/ancestral environment may influence phenotypic variation for better or worse in the next generation(s), and so contribute to common, non-communicable disease risk including sex differences. We argue that life-course epidemiology should be reframed to include exposures from previous generations, keeping an open mind as to the mechanisms that transmit this information to offspring. Finally, we discuss animal experiments, including the role of epigenetic inheritance and non-coding RNAs, in terms of what lessons can be learnt for designing and interpreting human studies. This review was developed initially as a position paper by the multidisciplinary Network in Epigenetic Epidemiology to encourage transgenerational research in human cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Pembrey
- School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Lars Olov Bygren
- Department of Biosciences and Rehabilitation, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Bégin P, Nadeau KC. Epigenetic regulation of asthma and allergic disease. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2014; 10:27. [PMID: 24932182 PMCID: PMC4057652 DOI: 10.1186/1710-1492-10-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics of asthma and allergic disease is a field that has expanded greatly in the last decade. Previously thought only in terms of cell differentiation, it is now evident the epigenetics regulate many processes. With T cell activation, commitment toward an allergic phenotype is tightly regulated by DNA methylation and histone modifications at the Th2 locus control region. When normal epigenetic control is disturbed, either experimentally or by environmental exposures, Th1/Th2 balance can be affected. Epigenetic marks are not only transferred to daughter cells with cell replication but they can also be inherited through generations. In animal models, with constant environmental pressure, epigenetically determined phenotypes are amplified through generations and can last up to 2 generations after the environment is back to normal. In this review on the epigenetic regulation of asthma and allergic diseases we review basic epigenetic mechanisms and discuss the epigenetic control of Th2 cells. We then cover the transgenerational inheritance model of epigenetic traits and discuss how this could relate the amplification of asthma and allergic disease prevalence and severity through the last decades. Finally, we discuss recent epigenetic association studies for allergic phenotypes and related environmental risk factors as well as potential underlying mechanisms for these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Bégin
- Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Division, Stanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Division, Stanford University, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California, USA
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Joubert BR, Håberg SE, Bell DA, Nilsen RM, Vollset SE, Midttun O, Ueland PM, Wu MC, Nystad W, Peddada SD, London SJ. Maternal smoking and DNA methylation in newborns: in utero effect or epigenetic inheritance? Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:1007-17. [PMID: 24740201 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal smoking in pregnancy is associated with adverse health outcomes in children, including cancers; underlying mechanisms may include epigenetic modifications. Using Illumina's 450K array, we previously identified differential DNA methylation related to maternal smoking during pregnancy at 26 CpG sites (CpGs) in 10 genes in newborn cord bloods from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Whether these methylation signals in newborns reflect in utero exposure only or possibly epigenetic inheritance of smoking-related modifications is unclear. METHODS We therefore evaluated the impact of the timing of mother's smoking (before or during pregnancy using cotinine measured at 18 weeks gestation), the father's smoking before conception, and the grandmother's smoking during her pregnancy with the mother on methylation at these 26 CpGs in 1,042 MoBa newborns. We used robust linear regression, adjusting for covariates, applying Bonferroni correction. RESULTS The strongest and only statistically significant associations were observed for sustained smoking by the mother during pregnancy through at least gestational week 18 (P < 1.6 × 10(-5) for all 26 CpGs). We observed no statistically significant differential methylation due to smoking by the mother before pregnancy or that ceased by week 18, father's smoking before conception, or grandmother's smoking while pregnant with the mother. CONCLUSIONS Differential methylation at these CpGs in newborns seems to reflect sustained in utero exposure rather than epigenetic inheritance. IMPACT Smoking cessation in early pregnancy may negate effects on methylation. Analyses of maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring health outcomes, including cancer, limited to ever smoking might miss true associations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(6); 1007-17. ©2014 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie R Joubert
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Siri E Håberg
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Douglas A Bell
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Roy M Nilsen
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, NorwayAuthors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein Emil Vollset
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, NorwayAuthors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Oivind Midttun
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Michael C Wu
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Wenche Nystad
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shyamal D Peddada
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stephanie J London
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Haukeland University Hospital; University of Bergen; and Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
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