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Petrilli R, Lopez RFV. Physical methods for topical skin drug delivery: concepts and applications. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902018000001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Abstract
Despite an overall improvement in survival rates for cancer, certain resistant forms of the disease still impose a significant burden on patients and healthcare systems. Standard chemotherapy in these cases is often ineffective and/or gives rise to severe side effects. Targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics could improve both tumour response and patient experience. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop effective methods for this. Ultrasound is an established technique in both diagnosis and therapy. Its use in conjunction with microbubbles is being actively researched for the targeted delivery of small-molecule drugs. In this review, we cover the methods by which ultrasound and microbubbles can be used to overcome tumour barriers to cancer therapy.
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Skin permeation of gemcitabine hydrochloride by passive diffusion, iontophoresis and sonophoresis: In vitro and in vivo evaluations. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tantawy SA, Elgohary HM, Kamel DM. Trans-perineal pumpkin seed oil phonophoresis as an adjunctive treatment for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. Res Rep Urol 2018; 10:95-101. [PMID: 30271759 PMCID: PMC6149936 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s167896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A significant number of men who are younger than 50 years visit urologists for interminable prostatitis. This study aimed to thoroughly investigate the effect of pumpkin seed oil (PSO) phonophoresis on chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNBP). Subjects and methods Sixty patients with CNBP were randomly assigned to three groups: Group A, wherein patients were treated with PSO using phonophoresis; Group B, where patients underwent transperineal continuous low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS); and Group C, wherein patients underwent placebo LIUS. All three groups received their corresponding treatments daily for up to 3 weeks. The NIH-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), residual urine determined by urodynamic measurements, and flow rate were used to analyze study outcomes. The white blood cell (WBC) count in the prostatic secretion was determined. Results Comparisons of the intragroup mean values of all measurements in Groups A and B before and after the end of the treatment showed a significant improvement in residual urine, flow rate, WBC count, and NIH-CPSI (p < 0.05), whereas no significant change was found in Group C (p > 0.05). Between-group comparisons of all variables showed a significant difference was found after intervention (p < 0.05). Postintervention comparisons between Groups A and B showed a significant difference in all measurements, except for WBC, in favor of Group A. Comparing the changes between Groups A and C, a significant difference was found in all measurements (p < 0.05). Furthermore, all parameters differed significantly when comparing Groups B and C (p < 0.05). Conclusion The current study showed that PSO phonophoresis can produce a significant effect in the management of CNBP and can, therefore, be considered a safe, noninvasive method for the treatment of CNBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed A Tantawy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Centre of Radiation, Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, .,Physiotherapy Department, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Ahlia University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain,
| | - Hany Mi Elgohary
- Department of Physiotherapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Kamel
- Physiotherapy Department, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Ahlia University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain, .,Department of Physiotherapy for Women's Health, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Cai P, Hu B, Leow WR, Wang X, Loh XJ, Wu YL, Chen X. Biomechano-Interactive Materials and Interfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1800572. [PMID: 29882230 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The reciprocal mechanical interaction of engineered materials with biointerfaces have long been observed and exploited in biomedical applications. It contributes to the rise of biomechano-responsive materials and biomechano-stimulatory materials, constituting the biomechano-interactive interfaces. Here, endogenous and exogenous biomechanical stimuli available for mechanoresponsive interfaces are briefed and their mechanistic responses, including deformation and volume change, mechanomanipulation of physical and chemical bonds, dissociation of assemblies, and coupling with thermoresponsiveness are summarized. The mechanostimulatory materials, however, are capable of delivering mechanical cues, including stiffness, viscoelasticity, geometrical constraints, and mechanical loads, to modulate physiological and pathological behaviors of living tissues through the adaptive cellular mechanotransduction. The biomechano-interactive materials and interfaces are widely implemented in such fields as mechanotriggered therapeutics and diagnosis, adaptive biophysical sensors, biointegrated soft actuators, and mechanorobust tissue engineering, which have offered unprecedented opportunities for precision and personalized medicine. Pending challenges are also addressed to shed a light on future advances with respect to translational implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Benhui Hu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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Ryu YC, Kim DI, Kim SH, Wang HMD, Hwang BH. Synergistic Transdermal Delivery of Biomacromolecules Using Sonophoresis after Microneedle Treatment. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-018-0070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Zorec B, Zupančič Š, Kristl J, Pavšelj N. Combinations of nanovesicles and physical methods for enhanced transdermal delivery of a model hydrophilic drug. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 127:387-397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Canavese G, Ancona A, Racca L, Canta M, Dumontel B, Barbaresco F, Limongi T, Cauda V. Nanoparticle-assisted ultrasound: A special focus on sonodynamic therapy against cancer. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2018; 340:155-172. [PMID: 30881202 PMCID: PMC6420022 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2018.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
At present, ultrasound radiation is broadly employed in medicine for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes at various frequencies and intensities. In this review article, we focus on therapeutically-active nanoparticles (NPs) when stimulated by ultrasound. We first introduce the different ultrasound-based therapies with special attention to the techniques involved in the oncological field, then we summarize the different NPs used, ranging from soft materials, like liposomes or micro/nano-bubbles, to metal and metal oxide NPs. We therefore focus on the sonodynamic therapy and on the possible working mechanisms under debate of NPs-assisted sonodynamic treatments. We support the idea that various, complex and synergistics physical-chemical processes take place during acoustic cavitation and NP activation. Different mechanisms are therefore responsible for the final cancer cell death and strongly depends not only on the type and structure of NPs or nanocarriers, but also on the way they interact with the ultrasonic pressure waves. We conclude with a brief overview of the clinical applications of the various ultrasound therapies and the related use of NPs-assisted ultrasound in clinics, showing that this very innovative and promising approach is however still at its infancy in the clinical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Canavese
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies CSFT@Polito, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento 21, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Ancona
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Luisa Racca
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Canta
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Bianca Dumontel
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Barbaresco
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Tania Limongi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies CSFT@Polito, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento 21, 10129, Turin, Italy
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Lim DJ, Vines JB, Park H, Lee SH. Microneedles: A versatile strategy for transdermal delivery of biological molecules. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 110:30-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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He Q, Liu J, Liang J, Liu X, Li W, Liu Z, Ding Z, Tuo D. Towards Improvements for Penetrating the Blood-Brain Barrier-Recent Progress from a Material and Pharmaceutical Perspective. Cells 2018; 7:cells7040024. [PMID: 29570659 PMCID: PMC5946101 DOI: 10.3390/cells7040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a critical biological structure that prevents damage to the brain and maintains its bathing microenvironment. However, this barrier is also the obstacle to deliver beneficial drugs to treat CNS (central nervous system) diseases. Many efforts have been made for improvement of delivering drugs across the BBB in recent years to treat CNS diseases. In this review, the anatomical and functional structure of the BBB is comprehensively discussed. The mechanisms of BBB penetration are summarized, and the methods and effects on increasing BBB permeability are investigated in detail. It also elaborates on the physical, chemical, biological and nanocarrier aspects to improve drug delivery penetration to the brain and introduces some specific drug delivery effects on BBB permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanguo He
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Jing Liang
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Wen Li
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Zhi Liu
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Ziyu Ding
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Du Tuo
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
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Koulakis JP, Rouch J, Huynh N, Dubrovsky G, Dunn JCY, Putterman S. Interstitial Matrix Prevents Therapeutic Ultrasound From Causing Inertial Cavitation in Tumescent Subcutaneous Tissue. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:177-186. [PMID: 29096999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We search for cavitation in tumescent subcutaneous tissue of a live pig under application of pulsed, 1-MHz ultrasound at 8 W cm-2 spatial peak and pulse-averaged intensity. We find no evidence of broadband acoustic emission indicative of inertial cavitation. These acoustic parameters are representative of those used in external-ultrasound-assisted lipoplasty and in physical therapy and our null result brings into question the role of cavitation in those applications. A comparison of broadband acoustic emission from a suspension of ultrasound contrast agent in bulk water with a suspension injected subcutaneously indicates that the interstitial matrix suppresses cavitation and provides an additional mechanism behind the apparent lack of in-vivo cavitation to supplement the absence of nuclei explanation offered in the literature. We also find a short-lived cavitation signal in normal, non-tumesced tissue that disappears after the first pulse, consistent with cavitation nuclei depletion in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Koulakis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Joshua Rouch
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nhan Huynh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Genia Dubrovsky
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - James C Y Dunn
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Stanford Children's Health, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Seth Putterman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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62
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Tamayo I, Gamazo C, de Souza Rebouças J, Irache JM. Topical immunization using a nanoemulsion containing bacterial membrane antigens. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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63
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Cobo Labarca C, Radinger J, Schöning V, Ariav R, Jung R, Thompson KD, Kloas W, Knopf K. Application of low-frequency sonophoresis and reduction of antibiotics in the aquatic systems. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:1635-1643. [PMID: 28524261 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A major concern in aquaculture is the use of chemical therapeutics, such as antibiotics, because of their impact on the environment as well as on the fish product. As a potential tool for reducing antibiotic use, we tested the application of low-frequency ultrasound as a method for enhancing antibiotic uptake. Rainbow trout juveniles (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to two different concentrations of oxytetracycline (OTC), flumequine (FLU) and florfenicol (FLO), administered by bath after the application of ultrasound. After exposure, concentrations of these substances were measured in the liver and blood of treated fish. Results showed that the ultrasound treatment can significantly increase the uptake for all three antibiotics. The uptake of OTC for example, in fish exposed to an OTC concentration of 20 mg L-1 after prior treatment with ultrasound, was similar to the OTC concentrations in their liver and blood to fish exposed to 100 mg L-1 without sonication. For FLU and FLO, the use of ultrasound caused significant differences of uptake in the liver at high antibiotic concentrations. This suggests that the use of ultrasound as a technique to deliver antibiotics to fish can ultimately reduce the amount of antibiotics discharged into the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cobo Labarca
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Radinger
- Department of Fish Biology and Ecology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - V Schöning
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Ariav
- Aqua-Vet Technologies Ltd., Zichorn Ya'akov, Israel
| | - R Jung
- BANDELIN Electronic GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany
| | - K D Thompson
- Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik, Edinburgh, UK
| | - W Kloas
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Knopf
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
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64
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Low frequency ultrasound and PAMAM dendrimer facilitated transdermal delivery of ketoprofen. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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65
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Münch S, Wohlrab J, Neubert RHH. Dermal and transdermal delivery of pharmaceutically relevant macromolecules. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017. [PMID: 28647443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The skin offers an attractive way for dermal and transdermal drug delivery that is why the drug still needs certain qualities to transcend the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum. The requirements are: drugs with a maximum molecular weight of 1kDa, high lipophilicity and a certain polarity. This would restrict the use of a transdermal delivery of macromolecules, which would make the drug more effective in therapeutic administration. Various studies have shown that macromolecules without support do not penetrate the human skin. This effect can be achieved using physical and chemical methods, as well as biological peptides. The most popular physical method is the use of microneedles to create micropores in the skin and release the active agent in different sections. But also, other methods have been tested. Microjets, lasers, electroporation, sonophoresis and iontophoresis are also promising methods to successfully deliver dermal and transdermal macromolecules. Additionally, there are different penetration enhancer groups and biological peptides, which are also considered to be interesting approaches of enabling macromolecules to travel along the skin. All these methods will be described and evaluated in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Münch
- Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy (IADP), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - J Wohlrab
- Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy (IADP), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany; Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - R H H Neubert
- Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy (IADP), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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Schoellhammer CM, Lauwers GY, Goettel JA, Oberli MA, Cleveland C, Park JY, Minahan D, Chen Y, Anderson DG, Jaklenec A, Snapper SB, Langer R, Traverso G. Ultrasound-Mediated Delivery of RNA to Colonic Mucosa of Live Mice. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1151-1160. [PMID: 28088460 PMCID: PMC5368009 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It is a challenge to deliver nucleic acids to gastrointestinal (GI) tissues due to their size and need for intracellular delivery. They are also extremely susceptible to degradation by nucleases, which are ubiquitous in the GI tract. We investigated whether ultrasound, which can permeabilize tissue through a phenomenon known as transient cavitation, can be used to deliver RNA to the colonic mucosa of living mice. METHODS We investigated delivery of fluorescently labeled permeants to colon tissues of Yorkshire pigs ex vivo and mice in vivo. Colon tissues were collected and fluorescence was measured by confocal microscopy. We then evaluated whether ultrasound is effective in delivering small interfering (si)RNA to C57BL/6 mice with dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Some mice were given siRNA against tumor necrosis factor (Tnf) mRNA for 6 days; colon tissues were collected and analyzed histologically and TNF protein levels measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Feces were collected and assessed for consistency and occult bleeding. We delivered mRNA encoding firefly luciferase to colons of healthy C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS Exposure of ex vivo pig colon tissues to 20 kHz ultrasound for 1 minute increased the level of delivery of 3 kDa dextran 7-fold compared with passive diffusion (P = .037); 40 kHz ultrasound application for 0.5 seconds increased the delivery 3.3-fold in living mice (P = .041). Confocal microscopy analyses of colon tissues from pigs revealed regions of punctuated fluorescent dextran signal, indicating intracellular delivery of macromolecules. In mice with colitis, ultrasound delivery of unencapsulated siRNA against Tnf mRNA reduced protein levels of TNF in colon tissues, compared with mice with colitis given siRNA against Tnf mRNA without ultrasound (P ≤ .014), and reduced features of inflammation (P ≤ 4.1 × 10-5). Separately, colons of mice administered an mRNA encoding firefly luciferase with ultrasound and the D-luciferin substrate had levels of bioluminescence 11-fold greater than colons of mice given the mRNA alone (P = .0025). Ultrasound exposures of 40 kHz ultrasound for 0.5 seconds were well tolerated, even in mice with acute colitis. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound can be used to deliver mRNAs and siRNAs to the colonic mucosa of mice and knock down expression of target mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl M. Schoellhammer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139,The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Gregory Y. Lauwers
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114
| | - Jeremy A. Goettel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Matthias A. Oberli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139,The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Cody Cleveland
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - June Y. Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139,The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Daniel Minahan
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Yiyun Chen
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139,Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Daniel G. Anderson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139,The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Ana Jaklenec
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Scott B. Snapper
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Pereira TA, Ramos DN, Lopez RFV. Hydrogel increases localized transport regions and skin permeability during low frequency ultrasound treatment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44236. [PMID: 28287146 PMCID: PMC5347001 DOI: 10.1038/srep44236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Low frequency ultrasound (LFU) enhances skin permeability via the formation of heterogeneous localized transport regions (LTRs). In this work, hydrogels with different zeta potentials were used as the coupling medium for LFU to investigate their contribution to LTR patterns and to the skin penetration of two model drugs, calcein and doxorubicin (DOX). When hydrogels were used, LTRs covering at least a 3-fold greater skin area were observed compared to those resulting from traditional LFU treatment and sodium lauryl sulfate. More LTRs resulted in an enhancement of calcein skin permeation. The zeta potential of the hydrogels affected the skin penetration of the positively charged DOX; the cationic coupling medium decreased the DOX recovered from the viable epidermis by 2.8-fold, whereas the anionic coupling medium increased the DOX accumulation in the stratum corneum by 4.4-fold. Therefore, LFU/hydrogel treatment increases LTRs areas and can target ionized drugs to specific skin layers depending on the zeta potential of the coupling medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Aparecida Pereira
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Danielle Nishida Ramos
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata F V Lopez
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
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Peng HM, Zhu PC, Chen ZJ. Thermal analyses of in vitro low frequency sonophoresis. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 35:458-470. [PMID: 27838221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As a type of transdermal drug delivery method, low frequency sonophoresis (LFS) has been investigated during the last twenty years and is currently being attempted in a clinical setting. However, the safety of low frequency ultrasound on humans has not been completely guaranteed with high-intensity ultrasound. Thermal damage, one of the challenges in the LFS process, e.g., burns, epidermal detachment and necrosis of tissues, hinders its widespread applications. To predict and impede the overheating problems in LFS, an acoustic-flow-thermal finite element method (FEM) based on COMSOL Multiphysics software is proposed in this paper to achieve thermal analyses. The temperature distribution and its rising curves in in vitro LFS are obtained by the FEM method and experimental measurements. Both simulated and experimental maximum temperatures are larger than the safety value (e.g., 42°C on human tissues) when the driving voltage is higher than 40V (5.5W input electric power), which proves that the overheating problem really exists in high-intensity ultrasound. Furthermore, the results show that the calculated temperature rising curves in in vitro LFS correspond to the experimental results, proving the effectiveness of this FEM method. In addition, several potential thermal influence factors have been studied, including a duty ratio and amplitude of the driving voltage, and liquid height in the donor, which may be helpful in restraining the temperature increase to limit thermal damage. According to the calculated and experimental results, the former two factors are sensitive to the rise in temperature, but a small scale of liquid volume increase can enhance the permeation of Calcein without obvious temperature change. Hence, the above factors can be synthetically utilized to restrain the rise in temperature with little sacrifice of permeation ability. So this acoustic-flow-thermal FEM method could be applied to an optimized LFS system design and simulating the thermal analyses of LFS in healthy human body in terms of safe thermal limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Min Peng
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Pan-Cheng Zhu
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Chen
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
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69
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Manikkath J, Hegde AR, Kalthur G, Parekh HS, Mutalik S. Influence of peptide dendrimers and sonophoresis on the transdermal delivery of ketoprofen. Int J Pharm 2017; 521:110-119. [PMID: 28163223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the individual and combined effects of peptide dendrimers and low frequency ultrasound on the transdermal permeation of ketoprofen. Arginine terminated peptide dendrimers of varying charges (4+, 8+ and 16+, named as A4. A8 and A16 respectively) were synthesized and characterized. Ketoprofen was subjected to passive, peptide dendrimer-assisted and sonophoretic permeation studies (with and without dendrimer application) across Swiss albino mouse skin, both in vitro and in vivo. The studies revealed that the synthesized peptide dendrimers considerably increased the transdermal permeation of ketoprofen and displayed enhancement ratios of up to 3.25 (with A16 dendrimer), compared to passive diffusion of drug alone in vitro. Moreover, the combination of peptide dendrimer treatment and ultrasound application worked in synergy and gave enhancement ratios of up to 1369.15 (with ketoprofen-A16 dendrimer complex). In vivo studies demonstrated that dendrimer and ultrasound-assisted permeation of drug achieved much higher plasma concentration of drug, compared to passive diffusion. Comparison of transdermal and oral absorption studies revealed that transdermal administration of ketoprofen with A8 dendrimer showed comparable absorption and plasma drug levels with oral route. The excised mouse skin after in vivo permeation study with dendrimers and ultrasound did not show major toxic reactions. This study demonstrates that arginine terminated peptide dendrimers combined with sonophoresis can effectively improve the transdermal permeation of ketoprofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothsna Manikkath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Aswathi R Hegde
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Harendra S Parekh
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence (PACE), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India.
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70
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Skin penetration-inducing gelatin methacryloyl nanogels for transdermal macromolecule delivery. Macromol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-016-4147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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71
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Yin L, Qin F, Zhou Y, Qi X. Enhancing percutaneous permeability of sinomenine hydrochloride using dual-frequency sonophoresis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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72
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Ita K. Recent trends in the transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents used for the management of neurodegenerative diseases. J Drug Target 2016; 25:406-419. [PMID: 27701893 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2016.1245310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing proportion of the global geriatric population, it becomes obvious that neurodegenerative diseases will become more widespread. From an epidemiological standpoint, it is necessary to develop new therapeutic agents for the management of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative disorders. An important approach in this regard involves the use of the transdermal route. With transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS), it is possible to modulate the pharmacokinetic profiles of these medications and improve patient compliance. Transdermal drug delivery has also been shown to be useful for drugs with short half-life and low or unpredictable bioavailability. In this review, several transdermal drug delivery enhancement technologies are being discussed in relation to the delivery of medications used for the management of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ita
- a College of Pharmacy, Touro University , Mare Island-Vallejo , CA , USA
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73
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Ita K. Transdermal delivery of vaccines - Recent progress and critical issues. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:1080-1088. [PMID: 27544552 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2010, the number of deaths from infectious diseases globally was approximately 15 million. It has been reported that two-thirds of deaths from infections are caused by around 20 species, mainly bacteria and viruses. Transnational migration caused by war and the development of transportation facilities have led to the global spread of infectious diseases. Subcutaneous vaccination, though widespread, has a number of problems: the need for trained healthcare personnel, pain, needle-related injuries as well as storage difficulties. Two layers of the human skin- epidermis and dermis- are populated by dendritic cells (DCs), which are potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Transcutaneous immunization has therefore become an attractive and alternative route for vaccination. In this review, the various techniques for enhancing vaccine delivery are discussed. These techniques include iontophoresis, elastic liposomes as well as microneedles. Progress made so far with these techniques and the critical issues facing scientists will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ita
- College of Pharmacy, Touro University, 1310 Club Drive, Mare Island-Vallejo CA, CA 94592, USA.
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74
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Jung EC, Zhu H, Zou Y, Elmahdy A, Cao Y, Hui X, Maibach HI. Effect of ultrasound and heat on percutaneous absorption of l-ascorbic acid: human in vitro studies on Franz cell and Petri dish systems. Int J Cosmet Sci 2016; 38:646-650. [PMID: 27380114 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Percutaneous absorption of l-ascorbic acid (LAA) is limited due to its high hydrophilicity and low stability. Here, we investigated the effect of post-dosing sonophoresis (329 kHz, 20 mW cm-2 ) and heat (36°C) on transdermal delivery of LAA. METHODS Ultrasound/heat, heat and control treatments were applied on skin surface for 2 and 5 min after topical application of C14-labelled LAA aqueous solution. After 15 min post-exposure, radioactivity was measured in tape-striped stratum corneum (TS-SC), epidermis, dermis and receptor fluid. As Franz diffusion cell model may have different acoustic response than in vivo human tissues, a novel Petri dish model was developed and compared with Franz cell model on the effects of ultrasound/heat treatment on the skin permeability. RESULTS Five-min ultrasound/heat treatment significantly accelerated skin absorption/penetration of LAA; 2-min treatment showed no enhancement effect on Franz diffusion cell model at the end of experiment. The use of Petri dish model significantly increased LAA concentrations in epidermis after 5 min of ultrasound/heat treatment, compared to the results of Franz cell model. CONCLUSION Combination of ultrasound (329 kHz, 20 mW cm-2 ) and heat (36°C) significantly enhanced LAA transdermal penetration, when the time of treatment was sufficient (5 min). As Petri dish model was designed to simulate acoustic respond of dense human tissue to ultrasound, the difference between Franz cell and Petri dish models suggests that the enhancement effect of ultrasound/heat on skin penetration in vivo may be greater than that determined on in vitro Franz cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Jung
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 90 Medical Center Way, Surge 110, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - H Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 90 Medical Center Way, Surge 110, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Y Zou
- Skin & Cosmetic Research Department, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - A Elmahdy
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 90 Medical Center Way, Surge 110, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Y Cao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 90 Medical Center Way, Surge 110, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - X Hui
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 90 Medical Center Way, Surge 110, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - H I Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 90 Medical Center Way, Surge 110, San Francisco, CA, USA
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75
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Sonis
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Biomodels LLC, Boston, MA, USA
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76
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Lafond M, Aptel F, Mestas JL, Lafon C. Ultrasound-mediated ocular delivery of therapeutic agents: a review. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:539-550. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1198766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lafond
- Inserm, LabTAU, Lyon, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Florent Aptel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mestas
- Inserm, LabTAU, Lyon, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Cyril Lafon
- Inserm, LabTAU, Lyon, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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77
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Schoellhammer CM, Langer R, Traverso G. Of microneedles and ultrasound: Physical modes of gastrointestinal macromolecule delivery. Tissue Barriers 2016; 4:e1150235. [PMID: 27358752 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2016.1150235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carl M Schoellhammer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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78
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Park JM, Jeong KH, Bae MI, Lee SJ, Kim NI, Shin MK. Fractional radiofrequency combined with sonophoresis to facilitate skin penetration of 5-aminolevulinic acid. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 31:113-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1835-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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79
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Abstract
The skin being the largest organ of the body presents a potential route for administration of drugs. Passive transdermal products such as gels, creams and patches deliver drugs effectively across the skin. However, this approach is limited to lipophilic molecules with low molecular weights. Passive transdermal delivery of proteins and peptides which are hydrophilic with high molecular weights is negligible. This led to the development of various ways of surmounting the skin barrier so as to make this route feasible for peptide and protein delivery. The current article reviews various active transdermal technologies with special emphasis on microneedle mediated delivery. Microneedles, especially dissolvable microneedles present an excellent platform for protein and peptide delivery. Significant advances have been made in the past decade in this area. Published literature shows a broad spectrum of molecules being delivered successfully via microneedles. However, success in clinic will give a boost to all the efforts and advances made in this field so far.
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80
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Zorec B, Jelenc J, Miklavčič D, Pavšelj N. Ultrasound and electric pulses for transdermal drug delivery enhancement: Ex vivo assessment of methods with in vivo oriented experimental protocols. Int J Pharm 2015; 490:65-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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81
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Ultrasound-enhanced transdermal delivery: recent advances and future challenges. Ther Deliv 2015; 5:843-57. [PMID: 25287389 DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is a formidable diffusion barrier that restricts passive diffusion to small (<500 Da) lipophilic molecules. Methods used to permeabilize this barrier for the purpose of drug delivery are maturing as an alternative to oral drug delivery and hypodermic injections. Ultrasound can reversibly and non-invasively permeabilize the diffusion barrier posed by the skin. This review discusses the mechanisms of ultrasound-permeability enhancement, and presents technological innovations in equipment miniaturization and recent advances in permeabilization capabilities. Additionally, potentially exciting applications, including protein delivery, vaccination, gene therapy and sensing of blood analytes, are discussed. Finally, the future challenges and opportunities associated with the use of ultrasound are discussed. It is stressed that developing ultrasound for suitable applications is key to ensure commercial success.
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82
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Zhou Z, Fan W, Lang M, Wang Y. Transdermal bFGF delivery using low-frequency sonophoresis: An innovative potential therapy for osteoradionecrosis of jaws. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HYPOTHESES AND IDEAS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmhi.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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83
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Schoellhammer CM, Srinivasan S, Barman R, Mo SH, Polat BE, Langer R, Blankschtein D. Applicability and safety of dual-frequency ultrasonic treatment for the transdermal delivery of drugs. J Control Release 2015; 202:93-100. [PMID: 25662228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Low-frequency ultrasound presents an attractive method for transdermal drug delivery. The controlled, yet non-specific nature of enhancement broadens the range of therapeutics that can be delivered, while minimizing necessary reformulation efforts for differing compounds. Long and inconsistent treatment times, however, have partially limited the attractiveness of this method. Building on recent advances made in this area, the simultaneous use of low- and high-frequency ultrasound is explored in a physiologically relevant experimental setup to enable the translation of this treatment to testing in vivo. Dual-frequency ultrasound, utilizing 20kHz and 1MHz wavelengths simultaneously, was found to significantly enhance the size of localized transport regions (LTRs) in both in vitro and in vivo models while decreasing the necessary treatment time compared to 20kHz alone. Additionally, LTRs generated by treatment with 20kHz+1MHz were found to be more permeable than those generated with 20kHz alone. This was further corroborated with pore-size estimates utilizing hindered-transport theory, in which the pores in skin treated with 20kHz+1MHz were calculated to be significantly larger than the pores in skin treated with 20kHz alone. This demonstrates for the first time that LTRs generated with 20kHz+1MHz are also more permeable than those generated with 20kHz alone, which could broaden the range of therapeutics and doses administered transdermally. With regard to safety, treatment with 20kHz+1MHz both in vitro and in vivo appeared to result in no greater skin disruption than that observed in skin treated with 20kHz alone, an FDA-approved modality. This study demonstrates that dual-frequency ultrasound is more efficient and effective than single-frequency ultrasound and is well-tolerated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl M Schoellhammer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sharanya Srinivasan
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ross Barman
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Stacy H Mo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Baris E Polat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Daniel Blankschtein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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84
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Kost J, Azagury A. Blotting from PhastGel to Membranes by Ultrasound. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1312:237-246. [PMID: 26044006 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2694-7_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound based approach for enhanced protein blotting is proposed. Three minutes of ultrasound exposure (1 MHz, 2.5 W/cm(2)) was sufficient for a clear transfer of proteins from a polyacrylamide gel (PhastGel) to nitrocellulose or Nylon 66 Biotrans membrane. The proteins evaluated were prestained sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide standards (18,500-106,000 Da) and 14C-labeled Rainbow protein molecular weight markers (14,300-200,000 Da).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kost
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel,
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85
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Saleh RH, Ebade AA, Ibrahim M, Tomerek RH. Transplacental transfer and neonatal influences of sonophoretically administered sufentanil versus epidural sufentanil in labor peridural analgesia: A randomized prospective double-blind contemplate. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egja.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Chemical Analysis and Evaluation, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute , Egypt
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86
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Mak TM, Huang YP, Wang LK, Zheng YP. Ultrasound biomicroscopy measurement of skin thickness change induced by cosmetic treatment with ultrasound stimulation. ULTRASONICS 2014; 54:1395-1400. [PMID: 24613414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Moisturizing creams and lotions are commonly used in daily life for beauty and treatment of different skin conditions such as dryness and wrinkling, and ultrasound stimulation has been used to enhance the delivery of ingredients into skin. However, there is a lack of convenient methods to study the effect of ultrasound stimulation on lotion absorption by skin in vivo. Ultrasound biomicroscopy was adopted as a viable tool in this study to investigate the effectiveness of ultrasound stimulation on the enhancement of lotion delivery into skin. The forearm skin of 10 male and 10 female young subjects was tested at three different sites, including two lotion treatment sites with (Ultrasound Equipment - UE ON) and without (UE OFF) ultrasound stimulation and a control site without any lotion treatment. 1 MHz ultrasound with a duty cycle of 1.7%, a spatial peak temporal peak pressure of 195 kPa and an average power of 0.43 W was used for the stimulation. The skin thickness before, immediately after (0 min), and 15 and 30 min after the treatment was measured by an ultrasound biomicroscopic system (55 MHz). It was found that the skin thickness significantly increased immediately after the lotion treatment for both UE ON (from 1.379 ± 0.187 mm to 1.466 ± 0.182 mm, p<0.001) and UE OFF (from 1.396 ± 0.193 mm to 1.430 ± 0.194 mm, p<0.001) groups. Further comparison between the two groups revealed that the skin thickness increase of UE ON group was significantly larger than that of UE OFF group (6.5 ± 2.4% vs. 2.5 ± 1.3%, p<0.001). Furthermore, it was disclosed that the enhancement of lotion delivery by ultrasound stimulation was more effective for the female subjects than the male subjects (7.6 ± 2.3% vs. 5.4 ± 2.0% immediately after treatment, p=0.017). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that ultrasound biomicroscopy was a feasible method for studying the effectiveness of lotion treatment in vivo, and ultrasound stimulation was effective to enhance the rate of lotion absorption into skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tak-Man Mak
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yan-Ping Huang
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Li-Ke Wang
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yong-Ping Zheng
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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87
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Abstract
Personalized medicine is the cornerstone of medical practice. It tailors treatments for specific conditions of an affected individual. The borders of personalized medicine are defined by limitations in technology and our understanding of biology, physiology and pathology of various conditions. Current advances in technology have provided physicians with the tools to investigate the molecular makeup of the disease. Translating these molecular make-ups to actionable targets has led to the development of small molecular inhibitors. Also, detailed understanding of genetic makeup has allowed us to develop prognostic markers, better known as companion diagnostics. Current attempts in the development of drug delivery systems offer the opportunity of delivering specific inhibitors to affected cells in an attempt to reduce the unwanted side effects of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayane Badalian-Very
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States. Tel.: + 1 617 513 7940; fax: + 1 617 632 5998.
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88
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Cima MJ, Lee H, Daniel K, Tanenbaum LM, Mantzavinou A, Spencer KC, Ong Q, Sy JC, Santini J, Schoellhammer CM, Blankschtein D, Langer RS. Single compartment drug delivery. J Control Release 2014; 190:157-71. [PMID: 24798478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug design is built on the concept that key molecular targets of disease are isolated in the diseased tissue. Systemic drug administration would be sufficient for targeting in such a case. It is, however, common for enzymes or receptors that are integral to disease to be structurally similar or identical to those that play important biological roles in normal tissues of the body. Additionally, systemic administration may not lead to local drug concentrations high enough to yield disease modification because of rapid systemic metabolism or lack of sufficient partitioning into the diseased tissue compartment. This review focuses on drug delivery methods that physically target drugs to individual compartments of the body. Compartments such as the bladder, peritoneum, brain, eye and skin are often sites of disease and can sometimes be viewed as "privileged," since they intrinsically hinder partitioning of systemically administered agents. These compartments have become the focus of a wide array of procedures and devices for direct administration of drugs. We discuss the rationale behind single compartment drug delivery for each of these compartments, and give an overview of examples at different development stages, from the lab bench to phase III clinical trials to clinical practice. We approach single compartment drug delivery from both a translational and a technological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Cima
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Materials Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Heejin Lee
- TARIS Biomedical, Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Karen Daniel
- TARIS Biomedical, Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Laura M Tanenbaum
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Aikaterini Mantzavinou
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kevin C Spencer
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Materials Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Qunya Ong
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jay C Sy
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - John Santini
- On Demand Therapeutics, Inc., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Carl M Schoellhammer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daniel Blankschtein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert S Langer
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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89
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Zuo J, Du L, Li M, Liu B, Zhu W, Jin Y. Transdermal enhancement effect and mechanism of iontophoresis for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Int J Pharm 2014; 466:76-82. [PMID: 24607207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Iontophoresis is an important approach to improve transdermal drug delivery. However, The transdermal enhancement mechanism of iontophoresis was not well known. The relationship between the physicochemical properties of drugs and the transdermal enhancement effect of iontophoresis was revealed in this study. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were used as the models, including aspirin, ibuprofen and indomethacin. Their oil-water partition coefficients were measured. The carbomer-based hydrogels of them were prepared. Iontophoresis significantly enhanced in vitro transdermal delivery across the rat skins. Strong lipophilicity could lead to high permeation of drugs. However, the dissociation extent (indicated as pKa) of drugs was the key factor to determine the transdermal enhancement effect of iontophoresis. The more dissociation the drugs were, the higher the transdermal enhancement effect of iontophoresis. The drug-loaded hydrogels combined with iontophoresis improved the treatment of rat raw's inflammatory syndrome. Iontophoresis significantly improved the drugs penetrating into the hypodermis, dermis and epidermis, more deeply than the application of drugs alone according to the experimental result of 5-carboxylfluorescein hydrogels. Iontophoresis led to the unordered arrangement of skin intercellular lipids, the significantly increased flowability and loose stratum corneum structure. Iontophoresis is a promising approach to improve transdermal drug delivery with safety and high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zuo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China; Department of Graduates, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, PR China
| | - Lina Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China; Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, PR China.
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China
| | - Boming Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China; Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China
| | - Weinan Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, PR China
| | - Yiguang Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, PR China; Department of Graduates, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, PR China; Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, PR China.
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90
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Schoellhammer CM, Blankschtein D, Langer R. Skin permeabilization for transdermal drug delivery: recent advances and future prospects. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:393-407. [PMID: 24392787 PMCID: PMC3980659 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.875528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transdermal delivery has potential advantages over other routes of administration. It could reduce first-pass metabolism associated with oral delivery and is less painful than injections. However, the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), limits passive diffusion to small lipophilic molecules. Therefore, methods are needed to safely permeabilize the SC so that ionic and larger molecules may be delivered transdermally. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on low-frequency sonophoresis, microneedles, electroporation and iontophoresis, and combinations of these methods to permeabilize the SC. The mechanisms of enhancements and developments in the last 5 years are discussed. Potentially high-impact applications, including protein delivery, vaccination and sensing are presented. Finally, commercial interest and clinical trials are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Not all permeabilization methods are appropriate for all applications. Focused studies into applications utilizing the advantages of each method are needed. The total dose and kinetics of delivery must be considered. Vaccination is one application where permeabilization methods could make an impact. Protein delivery and analyte sensing are also areas of potential impact, although the amount of material that can be delivered (or extracted) is of critical importance. Additional work on the miniaturization of these technologies will help to increase commercial interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl M Schoellhammer
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering , Room 76-661, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139 , USA +1 617 253 3107 ; +1 617 258 8827 ;
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91
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Cobo C, Makosch K, Jung R, Kohlmann K, Knopf K. Enhanced Aeromonas salmonicida bacterin uptake and side effects caused by low frequency sonophoresis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 36:444-452. [PMID: 24378683 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Low frequency sonophoresis (LFS) has been recognized as one of the most advanced technologies in transdermal delivery of substances, due to the modification of the stratum corneum lipid bilayer, in focal skin applications in mammals. Based on these findings, LFS has been suggested as a potential technology to be used for enhancement in immersion fish vaccination. In contrast to mammals where LFS is applied to discrete regions of the skin, in fish the whole individual needs to be exposed for practical purposes. The current study evaluated the impact of LFS at 37 kHz on the uptake of an Aeromonas salmonicida bacterin and side effects of the treatment in rainbow trout. Quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to examine the bacterin uptake into skin and gill tissue. Side effects were assessed by behavioural examination, histology and blood serum analysis. The sonication intensity of 171 mW/cm² was enough for increasing skin permeability, but caused heavy erratic swimming and gill haemorrhages. Sonication intensities as low as 105 mW/cm² did not modify skin permeability and enhanced the bacterin uptake into the gill tissue by factor 15 compared to conventional immersion. Following sonication, the gill permeability for the bacterin decreased after 20 min and 120 min by factor 3 and 2, respectively. However, during sonication, erratic swimming of the fish raised some concerns. Further reduction of the sonication intensity to 57 mW/cm² did not induce erratic swimming, and the bacterin uptake into the gill tissue was still increased by factor 3. In addition, a decreasing albumin-globulin ratio in the serum of the rainbow trout within 40 min revealed that LFS leads to an inflammatory response. Consequently, based on both increased bacterin uptake and the inflammatory response, low intensity LFS has the potential to enhance vaccine immunity without significant side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Cobo
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany; Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, Humboldt University of Berlin, Invaliden Str. 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Katarzyna Makosch
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Jung
- BANDELIN Electronic GmbH & Co. KG, Heinrichstraße 3-4, 12207 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Kohlmann
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Knopf
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany
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92
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Skin ablation by physical techniques for enhancing dermal/transdermal drug delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(14)50046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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93
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Subramony JA. Needle free parenteral drug delivery: leveraging active transdermal technologies for pediatric use. Int J Pharm 2013; 455:14-8. [PMID: 23916825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Administration of medications via the parenteral route directly to the systemic circulation is an effective way of overcoming the first pass effect, obtaining quicker onset of action, and achieving higher bioavailability. However, needle phobia and the pain perceived during the injection process often make this a less preferred route than oral in terms of patient acceptance and compliance, particularly for pediatrics. Needleless injection technologies that deliver medications via the transdermal interface have been an active area of pharmaceutical research for many years. This review summarizes the various emerging technologies in the area of active transdermal delivery that can be potentially extended to pediatric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Anand Subramony
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 500 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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94
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Mitragotri S. Engineering approaches to transdermal drug delivery: a tribute to contributions of prof. Robert Langer. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2013; 26:263-76. [PMID: 23921113 DOI: 10.1159/000351947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery continues to provide an advantageous route of drug administration over injections. While the number of drugs delivered by passive transdermal patches has increased over the years, no macromolecule is currently delivered by the transdermal route. Substantial research efforts have been dedicated by a large number of researchers representing varied disciplines including biology, chemistry, pharmaceutics and engineering to understand, model and overcome the skin's barrier properties. This article focuses on engineering contributions to the field of transdermal drug delivery. The article pays tribute to Prof. Robert Langer, who pioneered the engineering approach towards transdermal drug delivery. Over a period spanning nearly 25 years since his first publication in the field of transdermal drug delivery, Bob Langer has deeply impacted the field by quantitative analysis and innovative engineering. At the same time, he has inspired several generations of engineers by collaborations and mentorship. His scientific insights, innovative technologies, translational efforts and dedicated mentorship have transformed the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mitragotri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
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95
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Giannola LI, Sutera FM, De Caro V. Physical methods to promote drug delivery on mucosal tissues of the oral cavity. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1449-62. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.809061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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96
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Li H, Yu Y, Faraji Dana S, Li B, Lee CY, Kang L. Novel engineered systems for oral, mucosal and transdermal drug delivery. J Drug Target 2013; 21:611-29. [PMID: 23869879 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2013.805335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Technological advances in drug discovery have resulted in increasing number of molecules including proteins and peptides as drug candidates. However, how to deliver drugs with satisfactory therapeutic effect, minimal side effects and increased patient compliance is a question posted before researchers, especially for those drugs with poor solubility, large molecular weight or instability. Microfabrication technology, polymer science and bioconjugate chemistry combine to address these problems and generate a number of novel engineered drug delivery systems. Injection routes usually have poor patient compliance due to their invasive nature and potential safety concerns over needle reuse. The alternative non-invasive routes, such as oral, mucosal (pulmonary, nasal, ocular, buccal, rectal, vaginal), and transdermal drug delivery have thus attracted many attentions. Here, we review the applications of the novel engineered systems for oral, mucosal and transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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97
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Forbrich A, Paproski R, Hitt M, Zemp R. Microbubble-enhanced ultrasound liberation of mRNA biomarkers in vitro. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2013; 39:1087-1093. [PMID: 23562017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Blood-borne biomarkers have great potential in diagnostic medicine, but low concentrations, inability to determine their source and lack of a patient baseline have limited their success in both research and clinical medicine. D'Souza et al. previously demonstrated that ultrasound-induced sonoporation can be used to liberate protein biomarkers from a colorectal cancer into the surrounding serum, overcoming many of the limitations of blood-borne biomarkers. In this study we build on D'Souza's work, extending this technique to nucleic acids, specifically mammaglobin mRNA-a potential diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer metastases. Furthermore, we propose to use ultrasound contrast agents, lipid-stabilized microbubbles, to enhance the effects of sonoporation and further amplify the biomarker levels. We demonstrate that microbubbles can enhance mammaglobin mRNA levels by two to three orders of magnitude greater than background levels and one to two orders of magnitude greater than ultrasound alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Forbrich
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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98
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Abstract
Recent advances in the fields of molecular biology and biotechnology have allowed for the large-scale production and subsequent exploitation of the therapeutic potential of protein- and peptide-based drugs. The facilitation of delivery of this class of drugs must be tailored to meet the requirements and often the limitations dictated by the route of delivery chosen. The aim of this review is to comprehensively discuss several routes of drug delivery, detailing the uses and exploitation of each, from origins to present day approaches. Specific reference is made to the compatibility or incompatibility of each approach in the facilitation of the delivery of drugs of protein origin. Additionally, the physiological nature of the delivery route and the inherent physiological obstacles that must be considered when determining the most suitable approach to drug design and delivery enhancement are also addressed. Examples of novel protein-based drug designs and delivery methodologies that illustrate such enhancement strategies are explored.
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99
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Matsuo K, Hirobe S, Okada N, Nakagawa S. Frontiers of transcutaneous vaccination systems: novel technologies and devices for vaccine delivery. Vaccine 2013; 31:2403-15. [PMID: 23523401 PMCID: PMC7125630 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) systems that use the skin's immune function are promising needle-free, easy-to-use, and low-invasive vaccination alternative to conventional, injectable vaccination methods. To develop effective TCI systems, it is essential to establish fundamental techniques and technologies that deliver antigenic proteins to antigen-presenting cells in the epidermis and dermis while overcoming the barrier function of the stratum corneum. In this review, we provide an outline of recent trends in the development of techniques for the delivery of antigenic proteins and of the technologies used to enhance TCI systems. We also introduce basic and clinical research involving our TCI systems that incorporate several original devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Matsuo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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100
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Enayati M, Mohazey DA, Edirisinghe M, Stride E. Ultrasound-stimulated drug release from polymer micro and nanoparticles. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2013. [DOI: 10.1680/bbn.12.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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