51
|
Jassoma E, Baeesa L, Sabbagh H. The antiplaque/anticariogenic efficacy of Salvadora persica (Miswak) mouthrinse in comparison to that of chlorhexidine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:64. [PMID: 31029127 PMCID: PMC6486980 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant Salvadora persica (miswak) has a long history of use in oral hygiene. Associations between the use of Salvadora persica and decreased oral bacteria numbers and plaque scores have been reported. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the ability of Salvadora persica mouthrinses to reduce plaque/cariogenic bacteria, in comparison to that of chlorhexidine and/or placebo rinses. METHODS A comprehensive literature search for clinical trials reporting the use of Salvadora persica rinses as an antibacterial and/or antiplaque agent in comparison with chlorhexidine and/or placebo rinses was conducted, with no restriction to language. MEDLINE-PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Wiley Online Library, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases were searched to include all articles published up to December 2018. Based on inclusion/exclusion criteria, data were extracted from the identified reports by two independent reviewers. The primary and secondary outcomes measured from the eligible studies were mean plaque scores and mean cariogenic bacterial counts, respectively. Risk of bias of these studies was assessed. A statistical test of homogeneity was used to determine if the results of the separate studies could be combined. Based on the chi-square test, an inconsistency coefficient was computed (I2 statistic). Sensitivity analyses using subgroups and homogeneity evaluation were conducted. RESULTS A total of 1135 potentially eligible articles were identified, of which 19 were eventually included in the qualitative analysis whereas 18 were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that Salvadora persica rinses exhibited strong antiplaque effects (P < 0.00001, MD: 0.46, and 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.63). In addition, it had statistically significant anti-streptococcal (P < 0.0001, MD: -1.42, and 95% CI: -2.08 to - 0.76) and anti-lactobacilli effects (P < 0.00001, MD: -1.12, and 95% CI: -1.45 to - 0.79) when compared to placebo. However, its effects were inferior compared to those by chlorhexidine rinse (P = 0.04, MD: 0.19, and 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.37). Subgroup analyses yielded results similar to those prior to subgrouping. CONCLUSION The use of Salvadora persica extract was associated with a significant reduction in the plaque score and cariogenic bacterial count. Although, this reduction was lower than that achieved with the gold standard chlorhexidine mouthwash, Salvadora persica-containing rinse could be considered as a suitable oral hygiene alternative for use in individuals of all ages, socioeconomic backgrounds, and health conditions especially as a long-term measure due to its efficacy, safety, availability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaf Jassoma
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina Baeesa
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 127139, Jeddah, 21352 Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Sabbagh
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Dar-Odeh NS, Gasim RA, Binsaad SM, Abu-Hammad S, Abu-Hammad OA. Use of natural remedies to treat oral diseases among female patients in Al Madinah, western Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 16:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2018-0032/jcim-2018-0032.xml. [PMID: 30661056 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2018-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background The study aimed to investigate natural remedies use (NRU) for oral diseases among female patients. Methods Dental patients attending the female section of Taibah University Dental Hospital were invited to complete an online questionnaire which explored demographic data, and pattern of NRU for oral diseases. Results A total of 540 patients participated in the survey. A total of 232 patients (43%) used natural remedies to treat oral diseases. The most commonly cited reasons for NRU were financial reasons (n=79, 34.1%). The practice had a statistically significant association with older participants (p=0.003), and those working as employees (p=0.031). Most of the natural remedies used (n=17) were herbal, with cloves (71.1%) and miswak (26.7%) being the most frequently reported. Acute dental pain (n=157, 67.7%) and halitosis (n= 51, 22%) were the most frequently cited oral conditions associated with NRU. A percentage of 87.1% of patients using natural remedies (n=202) perceived improvement of symptoms upon use of natural remedies, however, 2.2% (n=5) reported complications. Conclusions Substantial proportion of patients use natural remedies to treat their oral disease. Patients were mostly satisfied with natural remedies in terms of effectiveness and lack of complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najla S Dar-Odeh
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.,School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rafal A Gasim
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara M Binsaad
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Osama A Abu-Hammad
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.,School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Mortazavi S, Aslani A, Babaee M, Hajiahmadi M. Persica Chewing Gum Effects on Saliva Fluoride Concentration and Flow Rate: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. Contemp Clin Dent 2019; 10:117-122. [PMID: 32015653 PMCID: PMC6974992 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_509_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Dental caries is a prevalent disease worldwide. Salvadora persica or Miswak could be a source of fluoride and has caries preventive effects. Aims: The aim of this study was to compare saliva fluoride concentration and flow rate after using Persica and sodium fluoride chewing gums. Settings and Design: In a triple-blind crossover randomized trial, 44 healthy volunteers (21–25 year old) were recruited according to the inclusion criteria and were randomly allocated into two groups (22 each). Participants and Methods: This study was performed within two sets of trial with a 10-day washout period. Participants (subjects) were followed a running period and matched for trial confounders. Saliva samples were collected under controlled conditions at similar time (11 am) within baseline, 5, 10, 20, and 45 min intervals preceded by 5-min chewing of Persica or sodium fluoride chewing gum. Saliva samples were analyzed for fluoride ion using hexamethyldisiloxane diffusion method. Statistical Analysis Used: Saliva flow rate (ml/min) and mean fluoride concentration (ppm) during different time periods in two types of gum were compared using ANOVA-repeated measures (P < 0.05). Results: The difference in total means of stimulated saliva flow rates between two Persica and sodium fluoride gum intervention groups was statistically significant (P = 0.048); however, difference of fluoride concentrations was not statistically significant (P = 0.244). Conclusions: Chewing Persica containing gum released fluoride ions in saliva and increased saliva flow rate comparable with sodium fluoride chewing gum use as a gold standard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Mortazavi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Aslani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Babaee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Hajiahmadi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Patel M, Raval M, Joshi M, Sanandia J. High-performance thin-layer chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography methods for fingerprinting of Salvadora persica root powder extract using benzyl isothiocyanate as biomarker. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1556/1006.2018.31.6.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Mihir Raval
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Mansi Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Jalpa Sanandia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Aumeeruddy MZ, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF. A review of the traditional and modern uses of Salvadora persica L. (Miswak): Toothbrush tree of Prophet Muhammad. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 213:409-444. [PMID: 29196134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvadora persica L., also known as Arak (in Arabic) and Peelu (in Urdu), is the most common traditional source of tooth or chewing stick (miswak) highly recommended by Prophet Muhammad. To date, extensive studies have probed primarily into the validation of its traditional uses in oral care. Nonetheless, there is still a dearth of updated compilation and critical analysis of other potential ethnopharmacological properties of S. persica. This review therefore aims to provide an up-to-date detailed structured description of the traditional uses of S. persica and a critical analysis of its modern uses, highlighting its phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and bioapplications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Various databases (Science Direct, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar), books, and relevant primary sources were probed, surveyed, analysed, and included in this review. The literature cited in this review dated from 1979 to 2017. RESULTS S. persica was found to possess a plethora of bioactive compounds and broad pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory activity, antiulcer, anticonvulsant, sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, antiosteoporosis, and antitumor activities. Studies also revealed the potential use of S. persica as a natural food preservative and a novel functional food ingredient. In addition, improvement in growth and reproductive performances have been observed by the introduction of S. persica in animal feed. Lastly, S. persica has also been used in the green synthesis of nanoparticles showing potential biotechnological applications. CONCLUSION S. persica showed a wide scope of application and its uses have been extended far beyond the initial traditional uses of its roots, stems, and twigs in oral care. We found a number of other ethnopharmacological uses and potential bioapplications of different parts of S. persica that warrants further investigations. Though widely studied using several in vitro and in vivo models, and tested clinically for oral hygiene mainly, several gaps and research priorities have been identified which needs to be addressed in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42250 Konya, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
56
|
Varma SR, Sherif H, Serafi A, Fanas SA, Desai V, Abuhijleh E, Al Radaidah A. The Antiplaque Efficacy of Two Herbal-Based Toothpastes: A Clinical Intervention. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2018; 8:21-27. [PMID: 29629325 PMCID: PMC5853038 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_411_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study is the first of its kind in the United Arab Emirates, where these herbal plant extracts are commonly incorporated into toothpaste. The present study compares two herbal toothpastes (Meswak extract and tea tree oil [TTO]) and analyses their efficiency in reducing plaque accumulation. Materials and Methods A total of 25 patients were examined for plaque and assigned a plaque score. They were then randomly assigned to use either Meswak-based toothpaste or TTO-based toothpaste. After 24 h, a new plaque score was recorded, and the patients used their regular brand for 2 weeks. The patients were then instructed to use the second of the two study toothpastes for 24 h, and a third set of plaque scores was obtained. Statistical data were analyzed using the SPSS software with a significance of P < 0.05 and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results Analysis of plaque scores showed a reduction in plaque index after using either of the two herbal-based toothpastes; however, when compared with TTO, Meswak-based toothpaste resulted in significantly less plaque. Conclusions Brushing with Meswak-based toothpaste gave a significant drop in plaque score when compared with TTO-based paste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vijay Desai
- Department of Periodontics, Ajman University, Fujairah, UAE
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
57
|
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of Salvadora persica (Miswak) products on cariogenic bacteria in comparison with ordinary toothpaste. Methods: The study was conducted in Zakho city, Kurdistan region, Iraq during the period from October 2013 to January 2014. A randomized controlled clinical trial of 40 students randomly allocated into 4 groups. They were instructed to use Mismark toothpaste, Miswak mouthwash, and ordinary toothpaste with water or with normal saline. Salivary samples were collected at 3-time intervals: before, immediately after use, and after 2 weeks of use. The effect of each method on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli was evaluated by using caries risk test. Results: One-way repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA), one-way ANOVA, and least significant difference tests were used. Miswak wash has a significant reduction effect on both bacteria immediately and after 2 weeks of use. Miswak paste has a similar effect on Lactobacilli, while Streptococcus mutans showed a significant decrease only after 2 weeks of use. Ordinary paste showed a non significant effect on both bacteria at both time intervals; while the addition of normal saline showed a significant effect on both bacteria only after 2 weeks of use. Conclusion: Miswak products, especially mouth wash, were more effective in reducing the growth of cariogenic bacteria than ordinary toothpaste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samim A Al-Dabbagh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Kurdistan region, Iraq. E-mail.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
58
|
Oral health comprehension in parents of Saudi cerebral palsy children. Saudi Dent J 2017; 29:156-160. [PMID: 29033525 PMCID: PMC5634794 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine oral health comprehension among parents of cerebral palsy (CP) children. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was utilized to obtain the required information. The study was conducted in two main centers for disabled children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results Parents of all 157 CP children registered in the two centers completed the questionnaire. Mothers mostly (86.6%) completed the questionnaire. Majority (98.7%) of the parents knew the importance of dental health for general health. More than two-third (70%) of the parents thought that teeth should be brushed thrice daily or after each meal. About three in every ten (29.9%) parents were not aware of the beneficial effect of fluoride in preventing dental caries; and very few (9.6%) were aware of water as a source of fluoride. Almost all (98.7%) the parents knew that sugary foods caused dental caries. Three-fourth (75.8%) of the parents were not aware of the possible harmful effects of bottled juices on teeth. There were no significant (p > 0.05) associations between the parental age/gender with any of the dependent variables. Conclusion Parents of CP children generally showed satisfactory oral health comprehension. However, they need further oral health education in several areas.
Collapse
|
59
|
Fouda AM, Youssef AR. Antiosteoporotic activity of Salvadora persica sticks extract in an estrogen deficient model of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2017; 3:132-137. [PMID: 30775518 PMCID: PMC6372776 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The effect of Salvadora persica sticks on prevention of tooth decay is well established, but the effect of S. persica stick extract (SPE) on the prevention/treatment of osteoporosis has not been studied. The purpose of this study is to provide baseline information of the effectiveness of SPE on ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis. Methods SPE was administered at 50, 150, and 300 mg/d orally to OVX rats for 16 weeks. Serum osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus, and urinary deoxypyridinoline, calcium, and phosphorus were measured. Bone mineral density (BMD), 3-point bending test, and histomorphometric characteristics of the femoral bone were also examined. Results SPE at doses of 150 and 300 mg/d, but not 50 mg/d, significantly prevented bone loss in OVX rats as proved by decreased biochemical markers of bone resorption and increased BMD and biomechanical indices of the femoral bone. Conclusions This study confirms a dose-dependent protective action of SPE on rat OVX model of osteoporosis. This effect needs further investigation at the molecular and clinical levels to provide a natural and cost-effective alternative for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Motaal Fouda
- Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amany Ragab Youssef
- Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Tadikonda A, Pentapati KC, Urala AS, Acharya S. Anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis effect of Papain, Bromelain, Miswak and Neem containing dentifrice: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e649-e653. [PMID: 28512541 PMCID: PMC5429476 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy may have difficulty in maintaining a good oral hygiene due to the difficulty posed by the appliances in accessing such areas. This study aimed to compare anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis efficacy of dentifrice containing Papain, Bromelain, Miswak and Neem with a standard dentifrice among patient's undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Single center, single blind, parallel arm, randomized controlled clinical trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1 was conducted. Evaluation of plaque and gingivitis was done using Williams modification of Silness and Loe Plaque Index (PI) for use in orthodontic subjects and Loe and Silness's Gingival Index (GI) at baseline and one month. RESULTS Inter-group comparison showed there was significantly lower mean plaque index in test (0.88 ±0.05) than in control group (1.17 ±0.05) after adjusting for the baseline plaque index (p<0.001). Similarly, there was significantly lower mean gingival index in test (0.87 ±0.04) than in control group (1.14 ±0.04) after adjusting for the baseline gingival index (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of the test dentifrice in limiting plaque and gingivitis suggests that it can be used as a home based adjunct to clinical therapy in orthodontic patients. Key words:Bromelain, gingivitis, miswak, neem, papain, plaque.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Tadikonda
- Senior Lecturer, Public Health Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad
| | | | - Arun-Sreenivas Urala
- Professor and Head, Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal
| | - Shashidhar Acharya
- Professor and Head, Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Baeshen H, Salahuddin S, Dam R, Zawawi KH, Birkhed D. Comparison of Fluoridated Miswak and Toothbrushing with Fluoridated Toothpaste on Plaque Removal and Fluoride Release. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18:300-306. [PMID: 28349908 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental caries and periodontal diseases are all induced by oral biofilm (dental plaque). This study was conducted to evaluate if fluoride-impregnated miswak is as effective in plaque removal and fluoride release as toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-blind, randomized, crossover study was conducted at the Department of Cariology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, from February 2010 to January 2011. Fifteen healthy subjects participated in this study. The participants were instructed to use the following: (1) 0.5% NaF-impregnated miswak, (2) nonfluoridated miswak, (3) toothbrush with nonfluoride toothpaste, and (4) toothbrush with 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste. Each method was used twice a day for 1 week after which plaque amount and fluoride concentration in resting saliva were measured. There was a 1-week washout period between each method. RESULTS No significant difference between miswak and tooth-brushing was found regarding plaque removal on buccal and lingual surfaces. A somewhat higher fluoride concentration in resting saliva was found after using impregnated miswak when compared with toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Miswak and toothbrushing showed the same plaque removing effect on buccal and lingual surfaces. Miswak impregnated with 0.5% NaF resulted in a higher concentration of fluoride in saliva than brushing with 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Miswak impregnated with 0.5% NaF and toothbrushing results in comparable plaque removal and about the same fluoride concentration in saliva even it was somewhat higher for impregnated miswak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hosam Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Orthodontics, Alfarabi College for Dentistry and Nursing, Jeddah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, e-mail:
| | - Sabin Salahuddin
- Former: Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Robel Dam
- Former: Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Khalid H Zawawi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dowen Birkhed
- Former: Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Al-Attass SA, Zahran FM, Turkistany SA. Nigella sativa and its active constituent thymoquinone in oral health. Saudi Med J 2017; 37:235-44. [PMID: 26905343 PMCID: PMC4800885 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2016.3.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarized published reports that investigated the role of Nigella sativa (NS) and its active constituent, thymoquinone (TQ) in oral health and disease management. The literature studies were preliminary and scanty, but the results revealed that black seed plants have a potential therapeutic effect for oral and dental diseases. Such results are encouraging for the incorporation of these plants in dental therapeutics and hygiene products. However, further detailed preclinical and clinical studies at the cellular and molecular levels are required to investigate the mechanisms of action of NS and its constituents, particularly TQ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safia A Al-Attass
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
63
|
Ait Chaban O, Ait Saada D, Mohamed Al A, Selselet-A G, Bouderoua K, Eddine Kat D, Durand N. In vitro Study of the Antimicrobial Effects of Phenolic Extract of the Salvadora persica (Miswak) on the Growth of Certain Microorganisms Responsible for Oral Infections. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/jm.2017.58.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
64
|
Niazi F, Naseem M, Khurshid Z, Zafar MS, Almas K. Role of Salvadora persica chewing stick (miswak): A natural toothbrush for holistic oral health. Eur J Dent 2016; 10:301-308. [PMID: 27095914 PMCID: PMC4813453 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.178297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
From an ancient tool to a modern way of improving oral health, miswak (chewing stick) has proven to be an effective tool for oral health. The miswak removes the bacterial plaque by mechanical and chemical actions. It provides a cheap and easily accessible way of improving oral health of the individuals and populations. The use of miswak was promoted centuries ago by Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him). In the modern era, the beneficial role of using miswak such as antiseptic, antimicrobial, anticariogenic and analgesic effects have been proven scientifically. This article reviews the various oral health benefits of miswak in the light of religious, scientific and social evidences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fayez Niazi
- Department of Oral Biology, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Ziauddin College of Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Muhammad S. Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Almas
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Abstract
Until recently, corneal biomechanical properties could not be measured in vivo. The ocular response analyzer is a new, noninvasive device that analyses corneal biomechanical properties simply and rapidly. The ORA allows cornea compensated IOP measurements and can estimate corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF). It is designed to improve the accuracy of IOP measurement by using corneal biomechanical data to calculate a biomechanically adjusted estimate of intraocular pressure. This review critically evaluates the technology and its implications in current day glaucoma management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Kaushik
- Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Surinder Singh Pandav
- Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
He M, Wang D, Jiang Y. Overview of Ultrasound Biomicroscopy. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2012; 6:25-53. [PMID: 27990069 PMCID: PMC5159457 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10008-1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a high-resolution ultrasound technique that allows noninvasive in vivo imaging of structural details of the anterior ocular segment at near light microscopic resolution and provides detailed assessment of anterior segment structures, including those obscured by normal anatomic and pathologic relations. This review gives an overview regarding the instrument, technique and its applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingguang He
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzheng Jiang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Khurana AK, Khurana B, Khurana AK. Drug-induced Angle-Closure Glaucoma. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2012; 6:6-8. [PMID: 27990064 PMCID: PMC5159452 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10008-1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced angle-closure glaucoma is an important entity for the ophthalmologist as well as the general physician as it represents a preventable cause of potential blindness. This brief review highlights the fact that a high index of suspicion, in a susceptible individual followed by confirmation on appropriate imaging modality (UBM, ultrasound or anterior segment OCT) can alleviate the threat to sight and also help to institute appropriate therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruj K Khurana
- Senior Professor, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Bhawna Khurana
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Ashok K Khurana
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Kaur D, Gupta A, Singh G. Perspectives on Quality of Life in Glaucoma. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2012; 6:9-12. [PMID: 27990065 PMCID: PMC5159453 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10008-1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases are invariably associated with decreased functioning ability of the individual in one form or the other depending upon the system/organ involved. Disability consequent to the disease is the major factor affecting the patient's physical and psychosocial well-being; in other words, the 'Quality of Life (QOL)'. Besides the disease itself, the treatment and its consequences are also major determinants of QOL of the patients. Globally, glaucoma, which is emerging as one of the leading causes of blindness, is one such chronic ophthalmic disease characterized by a progressive loss of visual function and a potential to cause irreversible blindness, if not treated at an early stage. Patients of glaucoma need to take lifelong medications in order to keep their intraocular pressure within limits. It's impact on the daily life of patients cannot be overexpressed and compounded by the fact that it remains asymptomatic for a considerable time after the disease has set in; has led to new imperatives in diagnosis, treatment and epidemiological and outcome studies. Assessment of the debilitating effect of glaucoma and side effects of its treatment on the emotional and physical QOL of the patient is therefore an important criterion for arriving at the treatment regimen. An extensive literature search was done on Pubmed Central, Pubmed and Google Scholar using the keywords 'glaucoma', 'quality of life in glaucoma', 'management in POAG' and 'QOL assessment tools'. Various tools available for the assessment of QOL, and their advantages and limitations have been reviewed in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divjyot Kaur
- Junior Resident, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Anita Gupta
- Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Gursatinder Singh
- Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Abstract
A large number of glaucoma patients suffer from vision impairments that qualify as low vision. Additional difficulties associated with low vision include problems with glare, lighting, and contrast, which can make daily activities extremely challenging. This article elaborates on how low vision aids can help with various tasks that visually impaired glaucoma patients need to do each day, to take care of themselves and to lead an independent life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjani Khanna
- Glaucoma Services, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parul Ichhpujani
- Glaucoma Services, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Sathyan P, Shilpa S, Anitha A. Optical Coherence Tomography in Glaucoma. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2012; 6:1-5. [PMID: 27990063 PMCID: PMC5159451 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10008-1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The optic disk and the RNFL are the principal sites of apparent glaucomatous damage which precedes glaucomatous visual field alterations. RNFL defects are known to precede detection of visual field defects by approximately 6 years. Accurate early detection and monitoring of ONH and RNFL defects has become the prime focus of effective management of glaucoma. Optical coherence tomography employs low-coherence interferometry to obtain cross-sectional images of the ocular tissues. This review attempts to critically analyse the applications of both, anterior and posterior segment OCT in glaucoma management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Sathyan
- Glaucoma Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shilpa Shilpa
- Glaucoma Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anitha Anitha
- Glaucoma Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Angmo D, Sobti A, Panda A. The Surgical Treatment of Neovascular Glaucoma with Ex-PRESS P-50 Miniature Glaucoma Shunt. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2012; 6:13-16. [PMID: 27990066 PMCID: PMC5159454 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10008-1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical treatment for neovascular glaucoma has evolved from cyclodestructive procedures to full-thickness filtration surgery, to trabeculectomy with antifibrosis drugs and glaucoma drainage implant surgery. The choice of a surgical approach may be influenced by several factors, including the stage of the disease. Many surgeons favor drainage implants when the disease is more advanced or when severe inflammation is present, which would be associated with a poorer prognosis if trabeculectomy were chosen. New devices are being developed to allow surgeons increased control with more predictable postoperative results. One such device, the Ex-PRESS™ mini glaucoma shunt, has undergone changes in design and method of insertion making it more appealing for use in patients requiring IOP-lowering surgery. This report highlights the use of Ex-PRESS mini glaucoma shunt in neovascular glaucoma, surgical technique and summarize pertinent literature on the role of this device in glaucoma surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dewang Angmo
- Department of Glaucoma Services, Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Sobti
- Department of Glaucoma Services, Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Panda
- Department of Glaucoma Services, Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|