51
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Li C, Chen C, An Q, Yang T, Sang Z, Yang Y, Ju Y, Tong A, Luo Y. A novel series of napabucasin derivatives as orally active inhibitors of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Eur J Med Chem 2019; 162:543-554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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52
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Fernandes GFDS, Fernandes BC, Valente V, Dos Santos JL. Recent advances in the discovery of small molecules targeting glioblastoma. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 164:8-26. [PMID: 30583248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common central nervous system cancers. It is characterized as a fast-growing tumor that arises from multiple cell types with neural stem-cell-like properties. Additionally, GBM tumors are highly invasive, which is attributed to the presence of glioblastoma stem cells that makes surgery ineffective in most cases. Currently, temozolomide is the unique chemotherapy option approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for GBM treatment. This review analyzes the emergence and development of new synthetic small molecules discovered as promising anti-glioblastoma agents. A number of compounds were described herein and grouped according to the main chemical class used in the drug discovery process. Importantly, we focused only on synthetic compounds published in the last 10 years, thus excluding natural products. Furthermore, we included in this review only those most biologically active compounds with proven in vitro and/or in vivo efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Felipe Dos Santos Fernandes
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, 14800-903, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Barbara Colatto Fernandes
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Valeria Valente
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Jean Leandro Dos Santos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, 14800-903, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, 14800-060, Brazil.
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53
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Two decades of research in discovery of anticancer drugs targeting STAT3, how close are we? Pharmacol Ther 2018; 191:74-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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54
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Pylaeva E, Harati MD, Spyra I, Bordbari S, Strachan S, Thakur BK, Höing B, Franklin C, Skokowa J, Welte K, Schadendorf D, Bankfalvi A, Brandau S, Lang S, Jablonska J. NAMPT signaling is critical for the proangiogenic activity of tumor-associated neutrophils. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:136-149. [PMID: 30121947 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) regulate many processes associated with tumor progression, and depending on the microenvironment, they can exhibit pro- or antitumor functions. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating their tumorigenicity are not clear. Using transplantable tumor models, we showed here that nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), a molecule involved in CSF3R downstream signaling, is essential for tumorigenic conversion of TANs and their pro-angiogenic switch. As a result tumor vascularization and growth are strongly supported by these cells. Inhibition of NAMPT in TANs leads to their antitumor conversion. Adoptive transfer of such TANs into B16F10-tumor bearing mice attenuates tumor angiogenesis and growth. Of note, we observe that the regulation of NAMPT signaling in TANs, and its effect on the neutrophil tumorigenicity, are analogous in mice and human. NAMPT is up-regulated in TANs from melanoma and head-and-neck tumor patients, and its expression positively correlates with tumor stage. Mechanistically, we found that targeting of NAMPT suppresses neutrophil tumorigenicity by inhibiting SIRT1 signaling, thereby blocking transcription of pro-angiogenic genes. Based on these results, we propose that NAMPT regulatory axis is important for neutrophils to activate angiogenic switch during early stages of tumorigenesis. Thus, identification of NAMPT as the critical molecule priming protumor functions of neutrophils provides not only mechanistic insight into the regulation of neutrophil tumorigenicity, but also identifies a potential pathway that may be targeted therapeutically in neutrophils. This, in turn, may be utilized as a novel mode of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Pylaeva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mozhgan Dehghan Harati
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Division of Radiobiology & Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ilona Spyra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sharareh Bordbari
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sarah Strachan
- Department of Pediatric, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Basant Kumar Thakur
- Department of Pediatric, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Höing
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cindy Franklin
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karl Welte
- Department of Pediatric, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Agnes Bankfalvi
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Brandau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Lang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jadwiga Jablonska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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55
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Zhang W, Yu W, Cai G, Zhu J, Zhang C, Li S, Guo J, Yin G, Chen C, Kong L. A new synthetic derivative of cryptotanshinone KYZ3 as STAT3 inhibitor for triple-negative breast cancer therapy. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1098. [PMID: 30368518 PMCID: PMC6204138 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Silencing STAT3 is confirmed as a promising therapeutic strategy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) therapy to address the issue of its poor prognosis. In this study, the natural product cryptotanshinone was firstly remodeled and modified as a more effective STAT3 inhibitor by structure-based strategy. The synthetic derivative KYZ3 had 22-24-fold increase in antitumor activity than cryptotanshinone on two TNBC cell lines but had little effect on normal breast epithelial MCF-10A cells. Further investigation showed that KYZ3 inhibited persistent STAT3 phosphorylation. It also prevented the STAT3 protein nuclear translocation to regulate the expressions of the target oncogenes including Bax and Bcl-2. Furthermore, KYZ3 inhibited TNBC cell metastasis by decreasing the levels of MMP-9 which were directly regulated by activated STAT3. A STAT3 plasmid transfecting assay suggested that KYZ3 induced tumor cell apoptosis mainly by targeting STAT3. Finally, KYZ3 suppressed the growth of tumors resulting from subcutaneous implantation of MDA-MB-231 cells in vivo. Taken together, KYZ3 may be a promising cancer therapeutic agent for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenda Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Guiping Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianpeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoping Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, 210009, Nanjing, China.
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56
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Wang X, Qu H, Dong Y, Wang G, Zhen Y, Zhang L. Targeting signal-transducer-and-activator-of-transcription 3 sensitizes human cutaneous melanoma cells to BRAF inhibitor. Cancer Biomark 2018; 23:67-77. [PMID: 30010109 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma treatment with the BRAF V600E inhibitor vemurafenib provides therapeutic benefits but the common emergence of drug resistance remains a challenge. To define molecular mechanisms of vemurafenib resistance, we generated A375-R, WM35-R cell lines resistant to vemurafenib and show that the phosphorylated (p)-STAT3 was upregulated in these cells in vitro and in vivo. In particular, activation of the Signal-transducer-and-activator-of-transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway was associated with vemurafenib resistance. Inhibition of this pathway with STAT3-specific siRNA (shRNA) sensitized A375-R, WM35-R cells to vemurafenib and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, targeting STAT3 induced expression of miR-579-3p and elicited resistance to vemurafenib. However, targeting microRNA (miR)-579-3p with anti-miR-579-3p reversed the resistance to vemurafenib. Together, these results indicated that STAT3-mediated downexpression of miR-579-3p caused resistance to vemurafenib. Our findings suggest novel approaches to overcome resistance to vemurafenib by combining vemurafenib with STAT3 sliencing or miR-579-3p overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Huajun Qu
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Yinghe Dong
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guozhi Wang
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yuchen Zhen
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Linxia Zhang
- Department of Medcine, The People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
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57
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YL064 directly inhibits STAT3 activity to induce apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:44. [PMID: 30302278 PMCID: PMC6170385 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a critical role in the proliferation and survival of multiple myeloma. And inactivation of STAT3 is considered a promising strategy for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Here we show that the sinomenine derivative YL064 could selectively reduce the cell viability of multiple myeloma cell lines and primary multiple myeloma cells. Moreover, YL064 also induces cell death of myeloma cells in the presence of stromal cells. Western blot analysis showed that YL064 inhibited the constitutive activation and IL-6-induced activation of STAT3, reflected by the decreased phosphorylation of STAT3 on Tyr705. Consistent with this, YL064 inhibited the nuclear translocation of STAT3 and the expression of STAT3 target genes, such as cyclin D1 and Mcl-1. Using biotin- and FITC-labeled YL064, we found that YL064 could pull-down STAT3 from myeloma cells and colocalized with STAT3, suggesting that YL064 directly targets STAT3. Cellular thermal shift assay further demonstrated the engagement of YL064 to STAT3 in cells. Molecular docking studies indicated that YL064 may interact with STAT3 in its SH2 domain, thereby inhibiting the dimerization of STAT3. Finally, YL064 inhibited the growth of human myeloma xenograft in vivo. Taken together, this study demonstrated that YL064 may be a promising candidate compound for the treatment of multiple myeloma by directly targeting STAT3.
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58
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A high-throughput fluorescence polarization assay for discovering inhibitors targeting the DNA-binding domain of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Oncotarget 2018; 9:32690-32701. [PMID: 30220975 PMCID: PMC6135694 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer drug discovery efforts to directly inhibit the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) have been active for over a decade following the discovery that 70% of cancers exhibit elevated STAT3 activity. The majority of research has focused on attenuating STAT3 activity through preventing homo-dimerization by targeting the SH2 or transcriptional activation domains. Such dimerization inhibitors have not yet reached the market. However, an alternative strategy focussed on preventing STAT3 DNA-binding through targeting the DNA-binding domain (DBD) offers new drug design opportunities. Currently, only EMSA and ELISA-based methods have been implemented with suitable reliability to characterize STAT3 DBD inhibitors. Herein, we present a new orthogonal, fluorescence polarization (FP) assay suitable for high-throughput screening of molecules. This assay, using a STAT3127-688 construct, was developed and optimized to screen molecules that attenuate the STAT3:DNA association with good reliability (Z’ value > 0.6) and a significant contrast (signal-to-noise ratio > 15.0) at equilibrium. The assay system was stable over a 48 hour period. Significantly, the assay is homogeneous and simple to implement for high-throughput screening compared to EMSA and ELISA. Overall, this FP assay offers a new way to identify and characterize novel molecules that inhibit STAT3:DNA association.
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59
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Nie Y, Li Y, Hu S. A novel small inhibitor, LLL12, targets STAT3 in non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5349-5354. [PMID: 30250605 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Despite the development of novel molecular therapies, the prognosis for patients with locally advanced or metastatic lung cancer remains poor. Therefore, the identification of novel therapeutic approaches is required. In numerous types of cancer, the constitutive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling serves as a potent therapeutic target. The present study aimed to characterize the suppressive role of LLL12, a STAT3 small molecule inhibitor, in lung cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. The mechanism of STAT3 signaling modulation by LLL12 was also investigated. The antitumor activity of LLL12 was revealed to take place via inhibition of lung cancer cell proliferation and migration in vitro. High and low doses of LLL12 significantly reduced tumor volume and weight in xenograft mice compared with that in the control group. Furthermore, LLL12 was demonstrated to reduce the level of STAT3 phosphorylation. These results suggested that LLL12 inhibited the proliferation and migration of A549 cells, and the increase in tumor volume in nude mice with lung cancer. This may be associated with the inhibitory effect of STAT3 phosphorylation and the expression of STAT3. The results of the present study suggest that constitutive STAT3 signaling is required for lung cancer cell survival and migration, and tumor growth in vivo. It is also indicated that LLL12 has clinical potential as a novel targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Nie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Hubei Province Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Hubei Province Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
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60
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Oh RS, Haak AJ, Smith KMJ, Ligresti G, Choi KM, Xie T, Wang S, Walters PR, Thompson MA, Freeman MR, Manlove LJ, Chu VM, Feghali-Bostwick C, Roden AC, Schymeinsky J, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS, Vassallo R, Tschumperlin DJ. RNAi screening identifies a mechanosensitive ROCK-JAK2-STAT3 network central to myofibroblast activation. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.209932. [PMID: 29678906 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.209932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblasts play key roles in wound healing and pathological fibrosis. Here, we used an RNAi screen to characterize myofibroblast regulatory genes, using a high-content imaging approach to quantify α-smooth muscle actin stress fibers in cultured human fibroblasts. Screen hits were validated on physiological compliance hydrogels, and selected hits tested in primary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Our RNAi screen led to the identification of STAT3 as an essential mediator of myofibroblast activation and function. Strikingly, we found that STAT3 phosphorylation, while responsive to exogenous ligands on both soft and stiff matrices, is innately active on a stiff matrix in a ligand/receptor-independent, but ROCK- and JAK2-dependent fashion. These results demonstrate how a cytokine-inducible signal can become persistently activated by pathological matrix stiffening. Consistent with a pivotal role for this pathway in driving persistent fibrosis, a STAT3 inhibitor attenuated murine pulmonary fibrosis when administered in a therapeutic fashion after bleomycin injury. Our results identify novel genes essential for the myofibroblast phenotype, and point to STAT3 as an important target in pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond S Oh
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Karry M J Smith
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kyoung Moo Choi
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tiao Xie
- Image and Data Analysis Core, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paula R Walters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael A Thompson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michelle R Freeman
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Logan J Manlove
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Vivian M Chu
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Anja C Roden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jürgen Schymeinsky
- Department of Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Robert Vassallo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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61
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Su Y, Yu Y, He D, Zhang J, Wang Z, Sun P, Chen Z. Targeting STAT3 restores BRAF inhibitor sensitivity through miR-759-3p in human cutaneous melanoma cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:2550-2560. [PMID: 31938368 PMCID: PMC6958307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma treatment with the BRAF V600E inhibitor vemurafenib provides therapeutic benefits, but the common emergence of drug resistance remains a challenge. To define molecular mechanisms of vemurafenib resistance, we generated A375-R, WM35-R cell lines resistant to vemurafenib and found that the p-STAT3 was upregulated in these cells in vitro and in vivo. In particular, activation of the STAT3 pathway was associated with vemurafenib resistance. Inhibition of this pathway with STAT3-specific siRNA (shRNA) sensitized A375-R, WM35-R cells to vemurafenib and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, targeting STAT3 induced expression of miR-579-3p and elicited resistance to vemurafenib. However, targeting miR-579-3p with anti- miR-579-3p reversed the resistance to vemurafenib. Together, these results indicate that STAT3-mediated downexpression of miR-579-3p caused resistance to vemurafenib. Our findings suggest novel approaches to overcome resistance to vemurafenib by combining vemurafenib with STAT3 silencing or miR-579-3p overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Su
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Dongying He
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jinna Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Pengfei Sun
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, China
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62
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Discovery of new benzensulfonamide derivatives as tripedal STAT3 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:752-764. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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63
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Verdura S, Cuyàs E, Llorach-Parés L, Pérez-Sánchez A, Micol V, Nonell-Canals A, Joven J, Valiente M, Sánchez-Martínez M, Bosch-Barrera J, Menendez JA. Silibinin is a direct inhibitor of STAT3. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 116:161-172. [PMID: 29660364 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We herein combined experimental and computational efforts to delineate the mechanism of action through which the flavonolignan silibinin targets STAT3. Silibinin reduced IL-6 inducible, constitutive, and acquired feedback activation of STAT3 at tyrosine 705 (Y705). Silibinin attenuated the inducible phospho-activation of Y705 in GFP-STAT3 genetic fusions without drastically altering the kinase activity of the STAT3 upstream kinases JAK1 and JAK2. A comparative computational study based on docking and molecular dynamics simulation over 14 different STAT3 inhibitors (STAT3i) predicted that silibinin could directly bind with high affinity to both the Src homology-2 (SH2) domain and the DNA-binding domain (DBD) of STAT3. Silibinin partially overlapped with the cavity occupied by other STAT3i in the SH2 domain to indirectly prevent Y705 phosphorylation, yet showing a unique binding mode. Moreover, silibinin was the only STAT3i predicted to establish direct interactions with DNA in its targeting to the STAT3 DBD. The prevention of STAT3 nuclear translocation, the blockade of the binding of activated STAT3 to its consensus DNA sequence, and the suppression of STAT3-directed transcriptional activity confirmed silibinin as a direct STAT3i. The unique characteristics of silibinin as a bimodal SH2- and DBD-targeting STAT3i make silibinin a promising lead for designing new, more effective STAT3i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Verdura
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain; Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain; Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | | | - Almudena Pérez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, Alicante, Spain; CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), Spain
| | | | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Manuel Valiente
- Brain Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Joaquim Bosch-Barrera
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain; Department of Medical Sciences, Medical School, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain; Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain.
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Targeted inhibition of STATs and IRFs as a potential treatment strategy in cardiovascular disease. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48788-48812. [PMID: 27166190 PMCID: PMC5217051 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Key factors contributing to early stages of atherosclerosis and plaque development include the pro-inflammatory cytokines Interferon (IFN)α, IFNγ and Interleukin (IL)-6 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimuli. Together, they trigger activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) and Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF) families. In particular, STAT1, 2 and 3; IRF1 and 8 have recently been recognized as prominent modulators of inflammation, especially in immune and vascular cells during atherosclerosis. Moreover, inflammation-mediated activation of these STATs and IRFs coordinates a platform for synergistic amplification leading to pro-atherogenic responses. Searches for STAT3-targeting compounds, exploring the pTyr-SH2 interaction area of STAT3, yielded many small molecules including natural products. Only a few inhibitors for other STATs, but none for IRFs, are described. Promising results for several STAT3 inhibitors in recent clinical trials predicts STAT3-inhibiting strategies may find their way to the clinic. However, many of these inhibitors do not seem STAT-specific, display toxicity and are not very potent. This illustrates the need for better models, and screening and validation tools for novel STAT and IRF inhibitors. This review presents a summary of these findings. It postulates STAT1, STAT2 and STAT3 and IRF1 and IRF8 as interesting therapeutic targets and targeted inhibition could be a potential treatment strategy in CVDs. In addition, it proposes a pipeline approach that combines comparative in silico docking of STAT-SH2 and IRF-DBD models with in vitro STAT and IRF activation inhibition validation, as a novel tool to screen multi-million compound libraries and identify specific inhibitors for STATs and IRFs.
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N -Arylsulfonylsubstituted- 1H indole derivatives as small molecule dual inhibitors of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and tubulin. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:96-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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The role of STAT3 in leading the crosstalk between human cancers and the immune system. Cancer Lett 2017; 415:117-128. [PMID: 29222039 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development and progression of human cancers are continuously and dynamically regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. As a converging point of multiple oncogenic pathways, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated both in tumor cells and tumor-infiltrated immune cells. Activated STAT3 persistently triggers tumor progression through direct regulation of oncogenic gene expression. Apart from its oncogenic role in regulating gene expression in tumor cells, STAT3 also paves the way for human cancer growth through immunosuppression. Activated STAT3 in immune cells results in inhibition of immune mediators and promotion of immunosuppressive factors. Therefore, STAT3 modulates the interaction between tumor cells and host immunity. Accumulating evidence suggests that targeting STAT3 may enhance anti-cancer immune responses and rescue the suppressed immunologic microenvironment in tumors. Taken together, STAT3 has emerged as a promising target in cancer immunotherapy.
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67
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Qiu HY, Fu JY, Yang MK, Han HW, Wang PF, Zhang YH, Lin HY, Tang CY, Qi JL, Yang RW, Wang XM, Zhu HL, Yang YH. Identification of new shikonin derivatives as STAT3 inhibitors. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 146:74-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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68
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Zhao C, Wang W, Yu W, Jou D, Wang Y, Ma H, Xiao H, Qin H, Zhang C, Lü J, Li S, Li C, Lin J, Lin L. A novel small molecule STAT3 inhibitor, LY5, inhibits cell viability, colony formation, and migration of colon and liver cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12917-26. [PMID: 26883202 PMCID: PMC4914331 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is persistently activated in human liver and colon cancer cells and is required for cancer cell viability, survival and migration. Therefore, inhibition of STAT3 signaling may be a viable therapeutic approach for these two cancers. We recently designed a non-peptide small molecule STAT3 inhibitor, LY5, using in silico site-directed Fragment-based drug design (FBDD). The inhibitory effect on STAT3 phosphorylation, cell viability, migration and colony forming ability by LY5 were examined in human liver and colon cancer cells. We demonstrated that LY5 inhibited constitutive Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, STAT3 nuclear translocation, decreased STAT3 downstream targeted gene expression and induced apoptosis in liver and colon cancer cells. LY5 had little effect on STAT1 phosphorylation mediated by IFN-γ. Inhibition of persistent STAT3 phosphorylation by LY5 also inhibited colony formation, cell migration, and decreased the viability of liver cancer and colon cancer cells. Furthermore, LY5 inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and suppressed colon tumor growth in a mouse model in vivo. Our results suggest that LY5 is a potent STAT3 inhibitor and may be a potential drug candidate for liver and colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongqiang Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Division of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Division of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Pediatric Cardiac Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wenying Yu
- Division of State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - David Jou
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yina Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hua Qin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Departments of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jiagao Lü
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Kuusanmäki H, Dufva O, Parri E, van Adrichem AJ, Rajala H, Majumder MM, Yadav B, Parsons A, Chan WC, Wennerberg K, Mustjoki S, Heckman CA. Drug sensitivity profiling identifies potential therapies for lymphoproliferative disorders with overactive JAK/STAT3 signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:97516-97527. [PMID: 29228628 PMCID: PMC5722580 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive JAK/STAT3 signaling contributes to disease progression in many lymphoproliferative disorders. Recent genetic analyses have revealed gain-of-function STAT3 mutations in lymphoid cancers leading to hyperactivation of STAT3, which may represent a potential therapeutic target. Using a functional reporter assay, we screened 306 compounds with selective activity against various target molecules to identify drugs capable of inhibiting the cellular activity of STAT3. Top hits were further validated with additional models including STAT3-mutated natural killer (NK)-cell leukemia/lymphoma cell lines and primary large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia cells to assess their ability to inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation and STAT3 dependent cell viability. We identified JAK, mTOR, Hsp90 and CDK inhibitors as potent inhibitors of both WT and mutant STAT3 activity. The Hsp90 inhibitor luminespib was highly effective at reducing the viability of mutant STAT3 NK cell lines and LGL leukemia patient samples. Luminespib decreased the phosphorylation of mutant STAT3 at Y705, whereas JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib had reduced efficacy on mutant STAT3 phosphorylation. Additionally, combinations involving Hsp90, JAK and mTOR inhibitors were more effective at reducing cell viability than single agents. Our findings show alternative approaches to inhibit STAT3 activity and suggest Hsp90 as a therapeutic target in lymphoproliferative disorders with constitutively active STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heikki Kuusanmäki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Hematology Research Unit, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Dufva
- Hematology Research Unit, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Parri
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arjan J van Adrichem
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Rajala
- Hematology Research Unit, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Muntasir M Majumder
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bhagwan Yadav
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alun Parsons
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wing C Chan
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Krister Wennerberg
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caroline A Heckman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Yang Y, Ding L, Hu Q, Xia J, Sun J, Wang X, Xiong H, Gurbani D, Li L, Liu Y, Liu A. MicroRNA-218 functions as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer by targeting IL-6/STAT3 and negatively correlates with poor prognosis. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:141. [PMID: 28830450 PMCID: PMC5567631 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant expression of microRNAs in different human cancer types has been widely reported. MiR-218 acts as a tumor suppressor in diverse human cancer types impacting regulation of multiple genes in oncogenic pathways. Here, we evaluated the expression and function of miR-218 in human lung cancer and ALDH positive lung cancer cells to understand the potential mechanisms responsible for disease pathology. Also, the association between its host genes and the target genes could be useful towards the better understanding of prognosis in clinical settings. Methods Publicly-available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was mined to compare the levels of miR-218 and its host gene SLIT2/3 between lung cancer tissues and normal lung tissues. Transfection of miR-218 to investigate its function in lung cancer cells was done and in vivo effects were determined using miR-218 expressing lentiviruses. Aldefluor assay and Flow cytometry was used to quantify and enrich ALDH positive lung cancer cells. Levels of miR-218, IL-6R, JAK3 and phosphorylated STAT3 were compared in ALDH1A1 positive and ALDH1A1 negative cells. Overexpression of miR-218 in ALDH positive cells was carried to test the survival by tumorsphere culture. Finally, utilizing TCGA data we studied the association of target genes of miR-218 with the prognosis of lung cancer. Results We observed that the expression of miR-218 was significantly down-regulated in lung cancer tissues compared to normal lung tissues. Overexpression of miR-218 decreased cell proliferation, invasion, colony formation, and tumor sphere formation in vitro and repressed tumor growth in vivo. We further found that miR-218 negatively regulated IL-6 receptor and JAK3 gene expression by directly targeting the 3′-UTR of their mRNAs. In addition, the levels of both miR-218 host genes and the components of IL-6/STAT3 pathway correlated with prognosis of lung cancer patients. Conclusions MiR-218 acts as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer via IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway regulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-017-0710-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Experimental Medicine Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lili Ding
- Department of Pediatrics of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Hu
- Department of Pediatrics of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Xia
- Department of Pediatrics of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Sun
- Department of Pediatrics of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Hua Xiong
- Department of Oncology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Deepak Gurbani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lianbo Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Aiguo Liu
- Department of Pediatrics of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Chang N, Ahn SH, Kong DS, Lee HW, Nam DH. The role of STAT3 in glioblastoma progression through dual influences on tumor cells and the immune microenvironment. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 451:53-65. [PMID: 28089821 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of cancer that begins within the brain; generally, the patient has a dismal prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a critical mediator of tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and suppression of anti-tumor immunity in GBM. In a high percentage of GBM cells and tumor microenvironments, persistent activation of STAT3 induces cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, glioma stem cell maintenance, tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. This makes STAT3 an attractive therapeutic target and a prognostic indicator in GBM. Targeting STAT3 affords an opportunity to disrupt multiple pro-oncogenic pathways at a single molecular hub. Unfortunately, there are no successful STAT3 inhibitors currently in clinical trials. However, strong clinical evidence implicating STAT3 as a major factor in GBM justifies the identification of safe and effective strategies for inhibiting STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakho Chang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Sun Hee Ahn
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Doo-Sik Kong
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea.
| | - Do-Hyun Nam
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Departments of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea.
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Liu T, Ma H, Shi W, Duan J, Wang Y, Zhang C, Li C, Lin J, Li S, Lv J, Lin L. Inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway by ursolic acid suppresses growth of hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:555-562. [PMID: 28714512 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been found to be constitutively active in liver cancer. There is no STAT3 inhibitors approved to be used clinically for the treatment or prevention of liver cancer. Some dietary compounds including ursolic acid (UA) have been reported to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. However, whether UA could inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation in hepatocellular carcinoma has not been reported. The inhibitory effects of UA on STAT3 phosphorylation, along with cell viability, migration, colony formation in vitro, as well as tumor growth in vivo were examined in human liver cancer cell lines. Our data showed that UA inhibited the P-STAT3 induced by interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Hep3B liver cancer cells which express very low basal level of P-STAT3. The constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation was also inhibited by UA in HEPG2, 7721 and Huh7 human liver cancer cell lines. UA decreased the expression of downstream target genes of STAT3, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and survivin in general, with difference in these cell lines. UA also suppressed cell viability, cell migration and colony formation in liver cancer cells. Furthermore, UA suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation and HEPG2 tumor growth by oral daily treatment in vivo. UA, which exists widely in fruits and herbs, could inhibit STAT3 activation and the growth of human liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. It might be a potential health care product that could be used daily for prevention, as well as a promising candidate for chemotherapy of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Duan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yina Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sheng Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jiagao Lv
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Li Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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Shi W, Yan D, Zhao C, Xiao M, Wang Y, Ma H, Liu T, Qin H, Zhang C, Li C, Lin J, Li S, Lv J, Lin L. Inhibition of IL-6/STAT3 signaling in human cancer cells using Evista. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:159-165. [PMID: 28711499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Persistent activation of IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway has been frequently detected in human cancer including breast cancer, colon cancer and multiple myeloma. IL-6/STAT3 can be a promising target for cancer prevent and treatment. However, few STAT3 inhibitors with high efficiency, specificity and safety is available for present clinical cancer therapy. Evista (Raloxifene·HCl) is known as selective estrogen receptor modulator which has been used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and was approved for reducing the risk of invasive breast cancer. Our previous study found that Raloxifene inhibited IL-6/GP130 interaction, resulting in blockade of STAT3 phosphorylation. In our present study, we examined the effect on IL-6/GP130/STAT3 signaling pathway and cancer cell viability with Evista. We first demonstrated Evista inhibited constitutive activation of STAT3 in breast cancer cell line MDB-MB-231, colon cancer cell line HCT116 and multiple myeloma cancer cell line U266. Evista also inhibited phosphorylation of STAT3 induced by IL-6 in MCF-7, HT29 and MM.1S cancer cell lines. Induction of apoptosis was exerted in MDA-MB-231, HCT116 and U266 as evidenced by increased caspase-3 cleavage. However, Evista did not inhibit STAT1, STAT2, STAT4 or STAT6 phosphorylation elicited by IFN-α, IFN-γ and IL-4, nor phosphorylation of STAT3 induced by LIF in MCF-7 cell lines. Evista attenuated STAT3 phosphorylation, decreased STAT3 transcriptional activity but much less in pGL3 and AP1 transcriptional luciferase activity, and decreased cell viability in vitro. These results suggest that it may be possible for Evista to emerge as a chemoprevention agent for breast cancer and other cancers such as colon cancer or multiple myeoloma by targeting IL-6/STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Dan Yan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chongqiang Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China; Division of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Xiao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yina Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Tianshu Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hua Qin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sheng Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jiagao Lv
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Li Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
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Appelberg KS, Wallet MA, Taylor JP, Cash MN, Sleasman JW, Goodenow MM. HIV-1 Infection Primes Macrophages Through STAT Signaling to Promote Enhanced Inflammation and Viral Replication. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2017; 33:690-702. [PMID: 28142265 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2016.0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play important roles in HIV-1 pathogenesis as targets for viral replication and mediators of chronic inflammation. Similar to IFNγ-priming, HIV-1 primes macrophages, resulting in hyperresponsiveness to subsequent toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation and increased inflammatory cytokine production. However, the specific molecular mechanism of HIV-1 priming and whether cells must be productively infected or if uninfected bystander cells also are primed by HIV-1 remains unclear. To explore these questions, human macrophages were primed by IFNγ or infected with HIV-1 before activation by TLR ligands. Transcriptome profiling by microarray revealed a gene expression profile for IFNγ-primed cells that was further modulated by the addition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). HIV-1 infection elicited a gene expression profile that correlated strongly with the profile induced by IFNγ (r = .679, p = .003). Similar to IFNγ, HIV-1 enhanced TLR ligand-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) protein expression and release. Increased TNF production was limited to productively infected cells. Specific signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 and STAT3 inhibitors suppressed HIV-1-mediated enhancement of TLR-induced TNF expression as well as HIV-1 replication. These findings indicate that viral replication and inflammation are linked through a common IFNγ-like, STAT-dependent pathway and that HIV-1-induced STAT1 and STAT3 signaling are involved in both inflammation and HIV-1 replication. Systemic innate immune activation is a hallmark of active HIV-1 replication. Our study shows that inflammation may develop as a consequence of HIV-1 triggering STAT-IFN pathways to support viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Sofia Appelberg
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Mark A. Wallet
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jared P. Taylor
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Melanie N. Cash
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - John W. Sleasman
- Division of Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Maureen M. Goodenow
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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75
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Discovery of monocarbonyl curcumin-BTP hybrids as STAT3 inhibitors for drug-sensitive and drug-resistant breast cancer therapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46352. [PMID: 28397855 PMCID: PMC5387716 DOI: 10.1038/srep46352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a well-known antitumor target. Exogenous ROS insult can lead to selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells. A combination of STAT3 inhibition and “oxidation therapy” may be a new strategy to address the multidrug-resistance issue due to their important roles in the survival and drug resistance of cancer cells. Here, a series of novel curcumin-BTP hybrids were designed and evaluated as STAT3 inhibitors with ROS production activity. Compound 6b exerted the best antitumor activity and selectivity for MCF-7 and MCF-7/DOX cells (IC50 = 0.52 μM and 0.40 μM, respectively), while its IC50 value for MCF-10A breast epithelial cells was 7.72 μM. Furthermore, compound 6b suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and DNA-binding activity and the expression of STAT3 specific oncogenes. Increases in the level of IL-6-induced p-STAT3 were also inhibited by 6b without influencing IFN-γ-induced p-STAT1 expression. Additionally, 6b effectively promoted intracellular ROS accumulation, induced cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, abolished the colony formation ability of breast cancer cells, and inhibited P-gp expression in MCF-7/DOX cells. Finally, 6b suppressed the growth of implanted human breast cancer in vivo. Our findings highlight that 6b may be a promising therapeutic agent for drug-sensitive and drug-resistant breast cancers.
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76
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Endogenously Expressed IL-4Rα Promotes the Malignant Phenotype of Human Pancreatic Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040716. [PMID: 28350325 PMCID: PMC5412302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous interleukin-4 (IL-4) has been demonstrated to affect the growth of different human malignancies including pancreatic cancer cells. The aim of our study was to determine the role of endogenously expressed IL-4-receptor-α-chain (IL-4Rα) in pancreatic cancer cells. IL-4Rα-suppression was achieved by generating Capan-1 cells stably expressing shRNA targeting IL-4Rα. The malignant phenotype was characterized by assessing growth properties, directional and non-directional cell movement in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Signaling pathways were analyzed upon IL-4 and IL-13 stimulation of wildtype (WT) and control-transfected cells compared to IL-4Rα-knockdown cells. Silencing of IL-4Rα resulted in reduced anchorage-dependent cell growth (p < 0.05) and reduced anchorage-independent colony size (p < 0.001) in vitro. Moreover, cell movement and migration was inhibited. IL-4 and IL-13 stimulation of Capan-1-WT cells induced activation of similar pathways like stimulation with Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I. This activation was reduced after IL-4Rα downregulation while IGF-I signaling seemed to be enhanced in knockdown-clones. Importantly, IL-4Rα silencing also significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. The present study indicates that endogenously expressed IL-4 and IL-4Rα contribute to the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells by activating diverse pro-oncogenic signaling pathways. Addressing these pathways may contribute to the treatment of the disease.
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77
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Ultrasound mediated delivery of oxygen and LLL12 loaded stimuli responsive microdroplets for the treatment of hypoxic cancer cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44908. [PMID: 28322306 PMCID: PMC5359616 DOI: 10.1038/srep44908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
LLL12 exhibits high specificity for inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation and dimerization, and inducing apoptosis to constitutively activated STAT3 cancer cells without cytotoxicity to normal cells with dormant STAT3. However, clinical deployment of LLL12 in cancer treatment is hindered by its low bioavailability and hypoxia-induced resistance. To overcome these limitations, we encapsulate both oxygen and LLL12 in stimuli responsive microdroplets (SRMs) by a gas-driven coaxial flow focusing (CFF) process for ultrasound mediated treatment of hypoxic cancer cells. Our benchtop experiments demonstrate that the CFF process is able to produce SRMs with uniform size distribution, large oxygen loading capacity, high LLL12 encapsulation efficiency, well protection of bioactivity, and steadily long shelf time. The in vitro therapeutic studies in pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1 and CAPAN-1) demonstrate the immediate release of oxygen and LLL12 in exposure to therapeutic ultrasound pulses as well as the improved anticancer effects under hypoxic conditions. The findings suggest that the proposed oxygen and LLL12 loaded SRMs provide a promising drug delivery strategy for more effective treatment of hypoxic cancer cells.
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78
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Yu W, Li C, Zhang W, Xia Y, Li S, Lin JY, Yu K, Liu M, Yang L, Luo J, Chen Y, Sun H, Kong L. Discovery of an Orally Selective Inhibitor of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Using Advanced Multiple Ligand Simultaneous Docking. J Med Chem 2017; 60:2718-2731. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | | | | | - Jia-yuh Lin
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Keqin Yu
- Water Supply
and Drainage, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe Avenue South, Nanchang 330046, China
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79
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Tian J, Xiao H, Wu R, Cao Y, Li C, Xu R, Pierson CR, Finlay JL, Yang F, Gu N, Lin J. The Antiproliferative and Colony-suppressive Activities of STAT3 Inhibitors in Human Cancer Cells Is Compromised Under Hypoxic Conditions. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:547-553. [PMID: 28179300 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Constitutive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been indicated as a novel cancer drug target, since it plays an important role in diverse oncogenic processes including survival, cell proliferation and migration. Emerging STAT3 inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in cancer cells and animal tumor models. It is well known that most solid tumors are characterized by hypoxia, but it is not clear if hypoxic conditions affect activity of STAT3 inhibitors. To examine this, two STAT3 inhibitors were tested to investigate their inhibitory efficacy in cancer cells grown under hypoxic conditions compared with those without hypoxia. Cell proliferation, colony formation and western blot assays were performed to examine the differences in the cell viability, proliferation and proteins in the STAT3 pathway. Under hypoxic conditions, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration values for both STAT3 inhibitors were increased compared to normoxic conditions in human pancreatic cancer, medulloblastoma and sarcoma cell lines. In addition, the ability of both STAT3 inhibitors to inhibit colony formation in pancreatic cancer, medulloblastoma and sarcoma cell lines was reduced under hypoxic conditions when compared to cells under normoxic conditions. Furthermore, there was an increase in phosphorylated STAT3 levels in cancer cells under hypoxic conditions, suggesting this may be one of the mechanisms of resistance. In summary, the results presented here provide a novel finding of STAT3 inhibitor activity under hypoxic conditions and indicate that under such low oxygen conditions, the anticancer efficacy of STAT3 inhibitors was indeed hampered. These results highlight the need to develop new therapeutic strategies to overcome the resistance of cancer cells to STAT3 inhibitors under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano-Science and Technology, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Technologies, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, U.S.A
| | - Hui Xiao
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Ruohan Wu
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Hematology & Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Ronald Xu
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Christopher R Pierson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, and Departments of Pathology and Biomedical Education & Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Jonathan L Finlay
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.,Hematology and Oncology, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano-Science and Technology, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Technologies, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ning Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano-Science and Technology, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Technologies, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, U.S.A.
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80
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Furtek SL, Matheson CJ, Backos DS, Reigan P. Evaluation of quantitative assays for the identification of direct signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitors. Oncotarget 2016; 7:77998-78008. [PMID: 27793003 PMCID: PMC5363639 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In many forms of cancer the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) transcription factor remains constitutively active, driving cancer survival and progression. The critical role of STAT3 in tumorigenesis has prompted a campaign of drug discovery programs to identify small molecules that disrupt the function of STAT3, with more recent efforts focusing on direct STAT3 inhibition. There are two target binding sites for direct STAT3 inhibitors: the SH2 dimerization domain and the DNA-binding domain. An in vitro fluorescence polarization assay, using recombinant STAT3 protein, has successfully identified compounds that target the SH2 domain; however, no assay has been reported to identify inhibitors that bind the DNA-binding domain. The lack of such a quantitative assay has limited the identification and development of STAT3 DNA-binding domain inhibitors. Here, we report a modified DNA-binding ELISA to incorporate recombinant STAT3 protein to evaluate small molecules that prevent STAT3-DNA binding. The concomitant use of the ELISA and fluorescence polarization assay enables the classification of direct STAT3 inhibitors by their site of action. Our data provide further support that niclosamide inhibits STAT3 through interaction with the DNA-binding domain. Furthermore, the ELISA can support medicinal chemistry efforts by identifying DNA-binding domain inhibitors and allowing the determination of an IC50 value, supporting the ranking of inhibitors and development of structure-activity relationships. Therefore, we propose a tandem evaluation approach to identify small molecules that target the SH2 domain or the DNA-binding domain of STAT3, which allows for quantitative evaluation of candidate STAT3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffanie L. Furtek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Christopher J. Matheson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Donald S. Backos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Philip Reigan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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81
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Lin L, Jou D, Wang Y, Ma H, Liu T, Fuchs J, Li PK, Lü J, Li C, Lin J. STAT3 as a potential therapeutic target in ALDH+ and CD44+/CD24+ stem cell-like pancreatic cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2265-2274. [PMID: 27748818 PMCID: PMC5118001 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) is commonly detected in many types of cancer including pancreatic cancer. Whether STAT3 is activated in stem cell-like pancreatic cancer cells and the effect of STAT3 inhibition, is still unknown. Flow cytometry was used to isolate pancreatic cancer stem-like cells which are identified by both aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive (ALDH+) as well as cluster of differentiation (CD) 44-positive/CD24-positive subpopulations (CD44+/CD24+). STAT3 activation and the effects of STAT3 inhibition by STAT3 inhibitors, LLL12, FLLL32, and Stattic in ALDH+ and CD44+/CD24+ cells were examined. Our results showed that ALDH+ and CD44+/CD24+ pancreatic cancer stem-like cells expressed higher levels of phosphorylated STAT3, an active form of STAT3, compared to ALDH-negative (ALDH−) and CD44-negative/CD24-negative (CD44−/CD24−) pancreatic cancer cells, suggesting that STAT3 is activated in pancreatic cancer stem-like cells. Small molecular STAT3 inhibitors inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation, STAT3 downstream target gene expression, cell viability, and tumorsphere formation in ALDH+ and CD44+/CD24+ cells. Our results indicate that STAT3 is a novel therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer stem-like cells and inhibition of activated STAT3 in these cells by STAT3 inhibitors may offer an effective treatment for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - David Jou
- Center for Childhood Cancer, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Yina Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Tianshu Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - James Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Pui-Kai Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jiagao Lü
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Center for Childhood Cancer, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
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82
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Bharadwaj U, Kasembeli MM, Tweardy DJ. STAT3 Inhibitors in Cancer: A Comprehensive Update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42949-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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83
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4-Carbonyl-2,6-dibenzylidenecyclohexanone derivatives as small molecule inhibitors of STAT3 signaling pathway. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:6174-6182. [PMID: 27816267 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway is proposed to be a promising strategy for cancer treatment. In this study, a series of 4-carbonyl-2,6-dibenzylidenecyclohexanone derivatives were prepared and evaluated as anticancer agents. The most potent compound 13r was discovered to exhibit antiproliferative activity against a broad rang of cancer cell lines and relatively low cytotoxicity against normal human cells. Besides, 13r effectively suppressed STAT3 expression as well as phosphorylation, and surface plasmon resonance analysis confirmed the direct interaction of 13r with STAT3. Docking simulation showed that 13r could inhibit STAT3 by targeting SH2 domain. This study provided evidence for these compounds to be further developed as antitumor agents through inhibition of the STAT3 pathway.
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84
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Zhang W, Ma T, Li S, Yang Y, Guo J, Yu W, Kong L. Antagonizing STAT3 activation with benzo[b]thiophene 1, 1-dioxide based small molecules. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 125:538-550. [PMID: 27718470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
STAT3 is an attractive therapeutic target for cancer therapy. However, due to low potency or poor druggability, none of its inhibitors are clinically available. Herein, a series of aminobenzo[b]thiophene 1, 1-dioxides with good drug-likeness properties were designed, synthesized and evaluated as STAT3 inhibitors. Most of them exhibited higher antitumor activity than the small-molecule STAT3 inhibitor, Stattic. Compound 15 was the most potent and had an IC50 range in 0.33-0.75 μM in various cancer cell lines. The overexpressed and IL-6 induced phosphorylation levels of STAT3 were both inhibited by 15 without influencing the phosphorylation levels of the upstream kinases Src and Jak2. 15 also suppressed the expressions of STAT3 downstream gene, Bcl-2. 15 effectively increased the ROS levels of cancer cells, induced cancer cell apoptosis and abolished the colony formation ability of cancer cells without affecting bypass kinase p-Erk. Furthermore, 15in vivo induced significant antitumor responses, and exhibited less toxicity than Doxorubicin. Together, this study described a class of new STAT3 inhibitors as antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenda Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianpeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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85
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Zhao J, Yu H, Liu Y, Gibson SA, Yan Z, Xu X, Gaggar A, Li PK, Li C, Wei S, Benveniste EN, Qin H. Protective effect of suppressing STAT3 activity in LPS-induced acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L868-L880. [PMID: 27638904 PMCID: PMC5130536 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00281.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are diseases with high mortality. Macrophages and neutrophils are responsible for inflammatory responses in ALI and ARDS, which are characterized by excessive production of proinflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma. Aberrant activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is critical for persistent inflammation in many conditions such as infection and autoimmunity. Given the importance of the STAT3 transcription factor in activating macrophages and neutrophils and augmenting inflammation, we investigated the therapeutic potential of inhibiting STAT3 activity using the small-molecule STAT3 inhibitor, LLL12. Our results demonstrate that LPS induces STAT3 activation in macrophages in vitro and in CD45+CD11b+ cells from BALF in the LPS-induced ALI model in vivo. LLL12 treatment inhibits LPS-induced lung inflammation in the ALI model, which is accompanied by suppression of LPS-induced STAT3 activation and an inhibition of macrophage and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung and BALF. LLL12 treatment also suppresses expression of proinflammatory genes including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, CCL2, and MHC class II in macrophages and inflammatory cells from BALF and serum as determined by ELISA. Furthermore, hyperactivation of STAT3 in LysMCre-SOCS3fl/fl mice accelerates the severity of inflammation in the ALI model. Both pre- and post-LPS treatment with LLL12 decrease LPS-induced inflammatory responses in mice with ALI. Importantly, LLL12 treatment attenuates STAT3 phosphorylation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells induced by plasma from patients with ARDS, which suggests the feasibility of targeting the STAT3 pathway therapeutically for patients with ALI and ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sara A Gibson
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Zhaoqi Yan
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Birmingham VA Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Amit Gaggar
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Birmingham VA Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Pui-Kai Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shi Wei
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Etty N Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Hongwei Qin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama;
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86
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Mancikova V, Montero-Conde C, Perales-Paton J, Fernandez A, Santacana M, Jodkowska K, Inglada-Pérez L, Castelblanco E, Borrego S, Encinas M, Matias-Guiu X, Fraga M, Robledo M. Multilayer OMIC Data in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Identifies the STAT3 Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Target in RETM918T Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:1334-1345. [PMID: 27620278 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare disease with few genetic drivers, and the etiology specific to each known susceptibility mutation remains unknown. Exploiting multilayer genomic data, we focused our interest on the role of aberrant DNA methylation in MTC development.Experimental Design: We performed genome-wide DNA methylation profiling assessing more than 27,000 CpGs in the largest MTC series reported to date, comprising 48 molecularly characterized tumors. mRNA and miRNA expression data were available for 33 and 31 tumors, respectively. Two human MTC cell lines and 101 paraffin-embedded MTCs were used for validation.Results: The most distinctive methylome was observed for RETM918T-related tumors. Integration of methylation data with mRNA and miRNA expression data identified genes negatively regulated by promoter methylation. These in silico findings were confirmed in vitro for PLCB2, DKK4, MMP20, and miR-10a, -30a, and -200c. The mutation-specific aberrant methylation of PLCB2, DKK4, and MMP20 was validated in 25 independent MTCs by bisulfite pyrosequencing. The methylome and transcriptome data underscored JAK/Stat pathway involvement in RETM918T MTCs. Immunostaining [immunohistochemistry (IHC)] for the active form of signaling effector STAT3 was performed in a series of 101 MTCs. As expected, positive IHC was associated with RETM918T-bearing tumors (P < 0.02). Pharmacologic inhibition of STAT3 activity increased the sensitivity to vandetanib of the RETM918T-positive MTC cell line, MZ-CRC-1.Conclusions: Multilayer OMIC data analysis uncovered methylation hallmarks in genetically defined MTCs and revealed JAK/Stat signaling effector STAT3 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of RETM918T MTCs. Clin Cancer Res; 23(5); 1334-45. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Mancikova
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Montero-Conde
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Perales-Paton
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Clinical Research Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustin Fernandez
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), HUCA, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - María Santacana
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain
| | - Karolina Jodkowska
- DNA Replication Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Inglada-Pérez
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.,ISCIII Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esmeralda Castelblanco
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, Health Sciences Research Institute of the "Germans Trias i Pujol" Foundation (IGTP), Badalona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Spain
| | | | - Mario Encinas
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona
| | - Mario Fraga
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), HUCA, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. .,ISCIII Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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87
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Jain R, Atak A, Yeola A, Srivastava S. Proteomic level changes associated with S3I201 treated U87 glioma cells. J Proteomics 2016; 150:341-350. [PMID: 27565396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is Grade IV brain tumor associated with high mortality and limited therapeutics. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is persistently active in several cancers including gliomas, and plays a major role in disease progression and survival of glioma patients, thus being a potential therapeutic target for treatment. S3I201 and its analogs inhibit the transcriptional functions of STAT3 and reduce growth of tumor tissues. Here we have studied proteomic alteration associated with S3I201 treated U87 cells using 2-DE and Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation coupled with mass spectrometry. This analysis revealed 136 differentially expressed proteins which were functionally classified with gene ontology analysis. Results showed metabolism, apoptosis, cytoskeletal behaviour, cell redox homeostasis and immune response as the most affected biological processes on S3I201 treatment. Apoptosis-inducing factor 1 mitochondrial, cyclophilin A and chloride intra-cellular channel protein 1 were found to be up-regulated which possibly contributes to its anti-tumorigenic function. Several glycolytic enzymes like phosphoglycerate mutase 1 were also found to be up-regulated and its expression was validated using immunoblot. Conclusively, our study shows the downstream effects of S3I201 in U87 glioma cells and suggests its therapeutic potential. SIGNIFICANCE Gliomas with constitutive expression can be treated with STAT3 inhibitors. S3I201, a STAT3 inhibitor, reduces the growth of glioma cells thus could be studied further for its application as anti-glioma agent. This study investigated proteomic alteration associated with S3I201 in U87 cells using complementary proteomic approaches, and our findings suggest that S3I201 influences central metabolism, apoptosis, cytoskeletal behaviour, cell redox homeostasis and immune response as the most affected biological processes which altogether contribute to its anti-tumorigenic activity. Several proteins were identified which may serve as prognostic or predictive markers in GBM. Apoptosis-inducing factor 1 mitochondrial and cyclophilin A were identified as potential therapeutic targets and further investigations on these candidates may facilitate therapeutic development and suggests that GBM therapy can be improved by targeting cellular metabolism and by using immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Jain
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Apurva Atak
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Avani Yeola
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
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88
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Kim BH, Yi EH, Ye SK. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 as a therapeutic target for cancer and the tumor microenvironment. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1085-99. [PMID: 27515050 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0795-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a cytoplasmic transcription factor that modulates the transcription of a variety of genes to regulate important biological functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, angiogenesis, and immune response. Constitutive activation of STAT3 is important in oncogenic signaling and occurs at high frequency in human cancers, including diverse solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Moreover, it is associated with a poor prognosis. The tumor microenvironment has recently been recognized as a key condition for cancer progression, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance by activation of STAT3 signaling. Therefore, understanding the biology associated with STAT3-mediated signaling cascades in the tumor microenvironment may offer the therapeutic potential to treat human cancers. This review presents an overview of the critical roles of STAT3 in the tumor microenvironment related to cancer biology and discusses recent advancements in the development of anticancer drugs that therapeutically inhibit STAT3 signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Hak Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Neuro-Immune Information Storage Network Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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89
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Inhibition of STAT3 enhances the radiosensitizing effect of temozolomide in glioblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. J Neurooncol 2016; 130:89-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2231-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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90
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Zhao C, Xiao H, Wu X, Li C, Liang G, Yang S, Lin J. Rational combination of MEK inhibitor and the STAT3 pathway modulator for the therapy in K-Ras mutated pancreatic and colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:14472-87. [PMID: 25961376 PMCID: PMC4546480 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
K-Ras mutations are frequently detected in pancreatic and colon cancers, which are associated with the resistance to MEK inhibitors targeting the Ras pathway. Identifying the underlying mechanisms for the acquired resistance is essential for the future clinical development of MEK inhibitors. Here, we identified that Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) was significantly activated following the MEK inhibition using AZD6244, PD98059 and Trametinib in K-Ras mutant pancreatic and colon cancer cells. The STAT3 activation may be important for the MEK inhibitor resistance in these K-Ras mutant cancer cells. We have shown that dual inhibition of STAT3 and MEK using the STAT3 inhibitor LY5 and MEK inhibitor Trametinib exerts significant anti-tumor cell efficacy in K-Ras mutant pancreatic and colon cancer cells in vitro. In addition, Trametinib showed increased suppression on tumor growth in vivo in STAT3 knockdown pancreatic cancer cells compared with tumor growth of control cells without STAT3 knockdown. Taken together, our results suggest the induced STAT3 activation as a possible mechanism for the resistance to MEK inhibitor and demonstrate the potentials of a combination therapy using MEK and STAT3 inhibitors in pancreatic and colon cancers harboring K-Ras mutant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguang Zhao
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulin Yang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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91
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Furtek SL, Backos DS, Matheson CJ, Reigan P. Strategies and Approaches of Targeting STAT3 for Cancer Treatment. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:308-18. [PMID: 26730496 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes related to cell cycle, cell survival, and immune response associated with cancer progression and malignancy in a number of cancer types. Once activated, STAT3 forms a homodimer and translocates to the nucleus where it binds DNA promoting the translation of target genes associated with antiapoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion/migration. In normal cells, levels of activated STAT3 remain transient; however, STAT3 remains constitutively active in approximately 70% of human solid tumors. The pivotal role of STAT3 in tumor progression has promoted a campaign in drug discovery to identify small molecules that disrupt the function of STAT3. A range of approaches have been used to identify novel small molecule inhibitors of STAT3, including high-throughput screening of chemical libraries, computational-based virtual screening, and fragment-based design strategies. The most common approaches in targeting STAT3 activity are either via the inhibition of tyrosine kinases capable of phosphorylating and thereby activating STAT3 or by preventing the formation of functional STAT3 dimers through disruption of the SH2 domains. However, the targeting of the STAT3 DNA-binding domain and disruption of binding of STAT3 to its DNA promoter have not been thoroughly examined, mainly due to the lack of adequate assay systems. This review summarizes the development of STAT3 inhibitors organized by the approach used to inhibit STAT3, the current inhibitors of each class, and the assay systems used to evaluate STAT3 inhibition and offers an insight into future approaches for small molecule STAT3 inhibitor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffanie L. Furtek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Donald S. Backos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Christopher J. Matheson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Philip Reigan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
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92
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Erdr1 Suppresses Murine Melanoma Growth via Regulation of Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010107. [PMID: 26784177 PMCID: PMC4730348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, one of the aggressive cancers, is known to be resistant to chemotherapy. Because of its aggressive nature, effectively inducing apoptosis is necessary to treat melanoma. Erythroid differentiation regulator 1 (Erdr1) is known to be a stress-related survival factor exhibiting anti-cancer effects in several cancers. However, little is known about the functions and underlying mechanisms of Erdr1 so far. To demonstrate the effect of Erdr1 in melanoma apoptosis, recombinant murine Erdr1 was injected into mice implanted with B16F10 melanoma cells. In vivo tumor growth was significantly inhibited in mice injected with Erdr1 compared to the control. In addition, the tumor from Erdr1-injected mice showed an increased level of apoptosis. Accordingly, apoptosis-regulating factors including anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 and pro-apoptotic marker Bax in the tumor tissues were examined. As expected, the decreased level of Bcl-2 and increased level of Bax were detected in tumors within the mice injected with Erdr1. Based on the in vivo study, the role of Erdr1 in tumor apoptosis was further tested by incubating it with cells of the murine melanoma cell line B16F10. Erdr1-induced apoptosis in B16F10 cells was observed. Additionally, Erdr1 downregulated STAT3 activity, inhibiting apoptosis via regulation of the Bcl-2 family. Overall, data demonstrate that Erdr1 induced murine melanoma apoptosis through the regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax. These findings suggest that Erdr1 is a novel regulator of apoptosis in melanoma.
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93
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Zhao C, Li H, Lin HJ, Yang S, Lin J, Liang G. Feedback Activation of STAT3 as a Cancer Drug-Resistance Mechanism. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 37:47-61. [PMID: 26576830 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays crucial roles in several cellular processes such as cell proliferation and survival, and has been found to be aberrantly activated in many cancers. Much research has explored the leading mechanisms for regulating the STAT3 pathway and its role in promoting tumorigenesis. We focus here on recent evidence suggesting that feedback activation of STAT3 plays a prominent role in mediating drug resistance to a broad spectrum of targeted cancer therapies and chemotherapies. We highlight the potential of co-targeting STAT3 and its primary target to overcome drug resistance, and provide perspective on repurposing clinically approved drugs as STAT3 pathway inhibitors, in combination with the FDA-approved receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors, to improve clinical outcome of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguang Zhao
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, People's Republic of China; Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Huameng Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Huey-Jen Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Shulin Yang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People's Republic of China
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94
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Abstract
Spontaneous cancers in client-owned dogs closely recapitulate their human counterparts with respect to clinical presentation, histological features, molecular profiles, and response and resistance to therapy, as well as the evolution of drug-resistant metastases. In several instances the incorporation of dogs with cancer into the preclinical development path of cancer therapeutics has influenced outcome by helping to establish pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics relationships, dose/regimen, expected clinical toxicities, and ultimately the potential for biologic activity. As our understanding regarding the molecular drivers of canine cancers has improved, unique opportunities have emerged to leverage this spontaneous model to better guide cancer drug development so that therapies likely to fail are eliminated earlier and therapies with true potential are optimized prior to human studies. Both pets and people benefit from this approach, as it provides dogs with access to cutting-edge cancer treatments and helps to insure that people are given treatments more likely to succeed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cheryl A London
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210;
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95
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Salinomycin Promotes Anoikis and Decreases the CD44+/CD24- Stem-Like Population via Inhibition of STAT3 Activation in MDA-MB-231 Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141919. [PMID: 26528725 PMCID: PMC4631341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive tumor subtype with an enriched CD44+/CD24- stem-like population. Salinomycin is an antibiotic that has been shown to target cancer stem cells (CSC); however, the mechanisms of action involved have not been well characterized. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of salinomycin on cell death, migration, and invasion, as well as CSC-like properties in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Salinomycin significantly induced anoikis-sensitivity, accompanied by caspase-3 and caspase-8 activation and PARP cleavage, during anchorage-independent growth. Salinomycin treatment also caused a marked suppression of cell migration and invasion with concomitant downregulation of MMP-9 and MMP-2 mRNA levels. Notably, salinomycin inhibited the formation of mammospheres and effectively reduced the CD44+/CD24- stem-like population during anchorage-independent growth. These observations were associated with the inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation (Tyr705). Furthermore, interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced STAT3 activation was strongly suppressed by salinomycin challenge. These findings support the notion that salinomycin may be potentially efficacious for targeting breast cancer stem-like cells through the inhibition of STAT3 activation.
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96
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Lai PS, Rosa DA, Magdy Ali A, Gómez-Biagi RF, Ball DP, Shouksmith AE, Gunning PT. A STAT inhibitor patent review: progress since 2011. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2015; 25:1397-421. [PMID: 26394986 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2015.1086749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The clinical utility of effective direct STAT inhibitors, particularly STAT3 and STAT5, for treating cancer and other diseases is well studied and known. AREAS COVERED This review will highlight the STAT inhibitor patent literature from 2011 to 2015 inclusive. Emphasis will be placed on inhibitors of the STAT3, STAT5a/b, and STAT1 proteins for cancer treatment. The review will, where suitably investigated, describe the mode and the site of inhibition, list indications that were evaluated, and rank the inhibitor's relative potency among compounds in the same class. The reader will gain an understanding of the diverse set of approaches, used both in academia and industry, to target STAT proteins. EXPERT OPINION There is still much work to be done to directly target the STAT3 and STAT5 proteins. As yet, there is still no direct STAT3 inhibitor in the clinic. While the SH2 domain remains a popular target for therapeutic intervention, the DNA-binding domain and N-terminal region are now attracting attention as possible sites for inhibition. Multiple putative STAT3 and STAT5 inhibitors have now been patented across a broad spectrum of chemotypes, each with their own advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Shan Lai
- a University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada +1 90 55 69 45 88 ; +1 90 55 69 49 29 ;
| | - David A Rosa
- a University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada +1 90 55 69 45 88 ; +1 90 55 69 49 29 ;
| | - Ahmed Magdy Ali
- a University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada +1 90 55 69 45 88 ; +1 90 55 69 49 29 ;
| | - Rodolfo F Gómez-Biagi
- a University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada +1 90 55 69 45 88 ; +1 90 55 69 49 29 ;
| | - Daniel P Ball
- a University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada +1 90 55 69 45 88 ; +1 90 55 69 49 29 ;
| | - Andrew E Shouksmith
- a University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada +1 90 55 69 45 88 ; +1 90 55 69 49 29 ;
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- a University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada +1 90 55 69 45 88 ; +1 90 55 69 49 29 ;
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97
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Miklossy G, Youn UJ, Yue P, Zhang M, Chen CH, Hilliard TS, Paladino D, Li Y, Choi J, Sarkaria JN, Kawakami JK, Wongwiwatthananukit S, Chen Y, Sun D, Chang LC, Turkson J. Hirsutinolide Series Inhibit Stat3 Activity, Alter GCN1, MAP1B, Hsp105, G6PD, Vimentin, TrxR1, and Importin α-2 Expression, and Induce Antitumor Effects against Human Glioma. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7734-48. [PMID: 26331426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We report that hirsutinolide series, 6, 7, 10, 11, 20, and 22, and the semisynthetic analogues, 30, 31, 33, and 36, inhibit constitutively active signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)3 and malignant glioma phenotype. A position 13 lipophilic ester group is required for activity. Molecular modeling and nuclear magnetic resonance structural analyses reveal direct hirsutinolide:Stat3 binding. One-hour treatment of cells with 6 and 22 also upregulated importin subunit α-2 levels and repressed translational activator GCN1, microtubule-associated protein (MAP)1B, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)1 cytoplasmic isoform 3, glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase isoform a, Hsp105, vimentin, and tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein (TNAP)2 expression. Active hirsutinolides inhibited anchorage-dependent and three-dimensional spheroid growth, survival, and migration of human glioma lines and glioma patients' tumor-derived xenograft cells harboring constitutively active Stat3. Oral gavage delivery of 6 or 22 inhibited human glioma tumor growth in subcutaneous mouse xenografts. The inhibition of Stat3 signaling represents part of the hirsutinolide-mediated mechanisms to induce antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ui Joung Youn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
| | | | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
| | - Chih-Hong Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , Duarte 91010, California, United States
| | | | | | - Yifei Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , Duarte 91010, California, United States
| | - Justin Choi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , Duarte 91010, California, United States
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester 55905, Minnesota, United States
| | - Joel K Kawakami
- Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University , Honolulu 96816, Hawaii, United States
| | - Supakit Wongwiwatthananukit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , Duarte 91010, California, United States
| | - Dianqing Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
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98
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Ji P, Xu X, Ma S, Fan J, Zhou Q, Mao X, Qiao C. Novel 2-Carbonylbenzo[b]thiophene 1,1-Dioxide Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of STAT3 Signaling Pathway. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:1010-4. [PMID: 26396689 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is considered to be an attractive therapeutic target for cancer therapy. In this study, a series of 2-carbonylbenzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxide derivatives (CBT) were designed to inhibit the STAT3 SH2 domain phosphorylation site Try 705. We demonstrated that incorporation of basic flexible groups through amide bond linkage to benzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxide (BTP) achieved compounds with higher antiproliferative potency than BTP itself. The most potent compound 6o, as indicated from luciferase reporter gene assay, inhibited the STAT3 pathway by decreasing the phosphorylation level of STAT3 Tyr705, while the phosphorylation level of other upstream tyrosine kinases in this pathway was not significantly inhibited. Compound 6o was also shown to trigger ROS generation and accumulation, thus consequently attributed partially to the observed cell apoptosis. This study provided important structural information for the development of inhibitors targeting the STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ji
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-psycho-diseases,
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for
Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Department
of Chemistry, Jess and Mildred Fisher College of Science and Mathematics, Towson University, 8000 York Road, Towson, Maryland 21252, United States
| | - Junchao Fan
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-psycho-diseases,
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for
Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Qiao
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-psycho-diseases,
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for
Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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99
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Brown ME, Bear MD, Rosol TJ, Premanandan C, Kisseberth WC, London CA. Characterization of STAT3 expression, signaling and inhibition in feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:206. [PMID: 26272737 PMCID: PMC4536595 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a critical role in tumor development by regulating signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, survival, metastasis and angiogenesis. STAT3 is activated in many cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in people. Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is similar to advanced or recurrent HNSCC as it is poorly responsive to traditional therapies and carries a poor long-term prognosis. The purpose of this study was to characterize expression and activation of STAT3 in feline OSCC cell lines and tumor samples and to investigate the biologic activity of a novel, allosteric STAT3 inhibitor, LLL12, in feline OSCC cell lines. Results We evaluated 3 feline OSCC cell lines and one of these (SCCF2) exhibited high levels of constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation and high sensitivity to LLL12 treatment. Exposure of SCCF2 cells to LLL12 resulted in decreased expression of pSTAT3 and total STAT3, apoptosis as assessed by caspase 3/7 activation, inhibition of colony formation and reduced expression of the STAT3 transcriptional target survivin. In contrast, the STAT3 transcriptional targets VEGF and MCL-1 increased after LLL12 treatment. This was, in part, likely due to LLL12 mediated upregulation of HIF-1α, which is known to drive VEGF and MCL-1 expression. The OSCC cell lines with low basal STAT3 phosphorylation did not exhibit these effects, suggesting that STAT3 inhibition was responsible for the observed results. Lastly, immunohistochemistry for pSTAT3 was performed using a feline OSCC tissue microarray, demonstrating expression in 48 % of samples tested. Conclusions These data demonstrate that LLL12 has biologic activity against a feline OSCC cell line expressing pSTAT3 and that STAT3 represents a target for therapeutic intervention in this disease. However, given the up-regulation of several STAT3 transcriptional targets following treatment, further investigation of STAT3 and its related signaling pathways in OSCC is warranted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-015-0505-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Brown
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Misty D Bear
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chris Premanandan
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William C Kisseberth
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cheryl A London
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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100
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Botta A, Sirignano E, Popolo A, Saturnino C, Terracciano S, Foglia A, Sinicropi MS, Longo P, Di Micco S. Identification of Lead Compounds as Inhibitors of STAT3: Design, Synthesis and Bioactivity. Mol Inform 2015; 34:689-97. [PMID: 27490969 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201500043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
STAT3 belongs to the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family. It has been demonstrated that STAT3 is constitutively activated in many tumors, playing a role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. For this reason, it has being considered a potential target for cancer therapy. In this context, we have designed, synthesized and evaluated 1,4-dimethyl-carbazole derivatives, targeting the STAT3 protein. Moreover, MTT assay performed on A375 and HeLa, showed significant antiproliferative activity of some of synthesized compounds (3-5). The same compounds (3-5) considerably reduced STAT3 expression, as demonstrated by Western blot analysis. Our multidisciplinary approach shows that 1,4-dimethyl-carbazoles are potential building blocks to develop more affinity ligands of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Botta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy phone/fax: +39 089969176 (S. D. M.); +39 089969769 (C. S.); +39 089969602 (fax)
| | - Esther Sirignano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy phone/fax: +39 089969176 (S. D. M.); +39 089969769 (C. S.); +39 089969602 (fax)
| | - Ada Popolo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy phone/fax: +39 089969176 (S. D. M.); +39 089969769 (C. S.); +39 089969602 (fax)
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy phone/fax: +39 089969176 (S. D. M.); +39 089969769 (C. S.); +39 089969602 (fax).
| | - Stefania Terracciano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy phone/fax: +39 089969176 (S. D. M.); +39 089969769 (C. S.); +39 089969602 (fax)
| | - Antonio Foglia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy phone/fax: +39 089969176 (S. D. M.); +39 089969769 (C. S.); +39 089969602 (fax)
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università degli Studi di Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Simone Di Micco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy phone/fax: +39 089969176 (S. D. M.); +39 089969769 (C. S.); +39 089969602 (fax).
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