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Zhao F, Wang Z, Lang H, Liu X, Zhang D, Wang X, Zhang T, Wang R, Shi P, Pang X. Dynamic Expression of Novel MiRNA Candidates and MiRNA-34 Family Members in Early- to Mid-Gestational Fetal Keratinocytes Contributes to Scarless Wound Healing by Targeting the TGF-β Pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126087. [PMID: 25978377 PMCID: PMC4433274 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early- to mid-gestational fetal mammalian skin wounds heal rapidly and without scarring. Keratinocytes (KCs) have been found to exert important effects on the regulation of fibroblasts. There may be significant differences of gestational fetal KCs at different ages. The advantages in early- to mid-gestational fetal KCs could lead to fetal scarless wound healing. Methods KCs from six human fetal skin samples were divided into two groups: a mid-gestation group (less than 28 weeks of gestational age) and a late-gestation group (more than 28 weeks of gestational age). RNA extracted from KCs was used to prepare a library of small RNAs for next-generation sequencing (NGS). To uncover potential novel microRNA (miRNAs), the mirTools 2.0 web server was used to identify candidate novel human miRNAs from the NGS data. Other bioinformatical analyses were used to further validate the novel miRNAs. The expression levels of the miRNAs were further confirmed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Results A total of 61.59 million reads were mapped to 1,170 known human miRNAs in miRBase. Among a total of 202 potential novel miRNAs uncovered, 106 candidates have a higher probability of being novel human miRNAs. A total of 110 miRNAs, including 22 novel miRNA candidates, were significantly differently expressed between mid- and late-gestational fetal KCs. Thirty-three differentially expressed miRNAs and miR-34 family members are correlated with the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway. Conclusions Taken together, our results provide compelling evidence supporting the existence of 106 novel miRNAs and the dynamic expression of miRNAs that extensively targets the TGF-β pathway at different gestational ages in fetal KCs. MiRNAs showing altered expression at different gestational ages in fetal KCs may contribute to scarless wound healing in early- to mid-gestational fetal KCs, and thus may be new targets for potential scar prevention and reduction therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110013, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Street, Tiexi District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hongxin Lang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110013, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110013, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dianbao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110013, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiliang Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110013, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110013, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110013, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Department of General Practice, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xining Pang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110013, Liaoning Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Mrugala A, Sui A, Plummer M, Altman I, Papineau E, Frandsen D, Hill D, Ennis WJ. Amniotic membrane is a potential regenerative option for chronic non-healing wounds: a report of five cases receiving dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane allograft. Int Wound J 2015; 13:485-92. [PMID: 25974156 PMCID: PMC7950060 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A case series of five patients with a total of six chronic non-healing wounds (>30 day duration) were non-randomly selected to evaluate the performance, safety and handling properties of dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane allograft, an amniotic membrane scaffolding product. The patients had lower extremity wounds that had previously failed standard of care within a university outpatient/inpatient wound healing programme. Five wounds treated with dehydrated amnion/chorion membrane allograft showed a mean 43% area reduction from baseline (51% median) at 3 weeks into treatment and completely healed with a 64-day median time to closure (SD ±27·6 days). One wound worsened at 3 weeks and was found to have a complete central vein obstruction that was treated with long-term mild compression but still eventually healed at 6 months. Removing this outlier, the four responding wounds had a 72% mean and 69% median change in area from baseline, at the 3 week point. All five patients received only one application of dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane allograft, and there were no adverse events. The product was easy to use, administer and handle. In summary, dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane allograft appears to be a safe, effective and easy to use therapy for chronic non-healing wounds. This study describes the details of these clinical cases and provides an overview of the current evidence on the use of amniotic tissue in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Mrugala
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Audrey Sui
- Chicago College Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA.,Division of Vascular Surgery, Section of Wound Healing and Tissue Repair, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Malgorzata Plummer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Section of Wound Healing and Tissue Repair, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Igor Altman
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Section of Wound Healing and Tissue Repair, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elaine Papineau
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Section of Wound Healing and Tissue Repair, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Devn Frandsen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Section of Wound Healing and Tissue Repair, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Wound Healing, Grand View Hospital, Sellersville, PA, USA
| | - Danielle Hill
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Section of Wound Healing and Tissue Repair, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William J Ennis
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Section of Wound Healing and Tissue Repair, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
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Wang Z, Liu X, Zhang D, Wang X, Zhao F, Zhang T, Wang R, Lin X, Shi P, Pang X. Phenotypic and functional modulation of 20-30 year old dermal fibroblasts by mid- and late-gestational keratinocytes in vitro. Burns 2015; 41:1064-75. [PMID: 25599870 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fetal wound healing occurs rapidly and without scar formation early in gestation, but the mechanisms underlying this scarless healing are poorly understood. This study explores the phenotypic and functional modulation of 20-30 year old dermal fibroblasts by mid- and late-gestational keratinocytes (KCs) in vitro. Human KCs of different gestational ages were isolated, characterized, and co-cultured with human 20-30 year old fibroblasts. Gene expression and protein levels of TGF-β family members, precollagen, collagen, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) were measured in the fibroblasts. Mid-gestational KCs promoted faster proliferation and migration of fibroblasts than late-gestational KCs. Additionally, significant differences in gene expression and protein levels of some markers were observed in fibroblasts co-cultured with mid- or late-gestational KCs. Fibroblasts co-cultured with mid-gestational KCs for 48 h exhibited downregulated gene expression of precollagen 1, collagen 1, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3, while precollagen 3, collagen 3, TGF-β3, and MMP-1, -2, -3, -9 and -14 were upregulated. In contrast, late-gestational KCs exhibited downregulated TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3 levels, while collagen 1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, and MMP-2, -3, -9 and -14 were upregulated. Moreover, statistically significant differences in expression levels of precollagen 1, precollagen 3, collagen 1, TGF-β1, -β2, and -β3, MMP-1, -3 and MMP-14, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were found between fibroblasts co-cultured with mid- and late-gestational KCs. Furthermore, cytokine levels of IL-1a and HB-EGF were found to be statistically different between conditioned medium from mid- and late-gestational KCs. Therefore, the gestational age of KCs appears to have an important effect on scarless wound healing in the human fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Blood Transfusion, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dianbao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiliang Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuewen Lin
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical, Shenyang, China
| | - Xining Pang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Hyaluronan and RHAMM in wound repair and the "cancerization" of stromal tissues. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:103923. [PMID: 25157350 PMCID: PMC4137499 DOI: 10.1155/2014/103923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumors and wounds share many similarities including loss of tissue architecture, cell polarity and cell differentiation, aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling (Ballard et al., 2006) increased inflammation, angiogenesis, and elevated cell migration and proliferation. Whereas these changes are transient in repairing wounds, tumors do not regain tissue architecture but rather their continued progression is fueled in part by loss of normal tissue structure. As a result tumors are often described as wounds that do not heal. The ECM component hyaluronan (HA) and its receptor RHAMM have both been implicated in wound repair and tumor progression. This review highlights the similarities and differences in their roles during these processes and proposes that RHAMM-regulated wound repair functions may contribute to “cancerization” of the tumor microenvironment.
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Ud-Din S, Volk SW, Bayat A. Regenerative healing, scar-free healing and scar formation across the species: current concepts and future perspectives. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:615-9. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ud-Din
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust; University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | - Susan W. Volk
- Department of Clinical Studies-Philadelphia; University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust; University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
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Tang QM, Chen JL, Shen WL, Yin Z, Liu HH, Fang Z, Heng BC, Ouyang HW, Chen X. Fetal and adult fibroblasts display intrinsic differences in tendon tissue engineering and regeneration. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5515. [PMID: 24992450 PMCID: PMC4080701 DOI: 10.1038/srep05515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Injured adult tendons do not exhibit optimal healing through a regenerative process, whereas fetal tendons can heal in a regenerative fashion without scar formation. Hence, we compared FFs (mouse fetal fibroblasts) and AFs (mouse adult fibroblasts) as seed cells for the fabrication of scaffold-free engineered tendons. Our results demonstrated that FFs had more potential for tendon tissue engineering, as shown by higher levels of tendon-related gene expression. In the in situ AT injury model, the FFs group also demonstrated much better structural and functional properties after healing, with higher levels of collagen deposition and better microstructure repair. Moreover, fetal fibroblasts could increase the recruitment of fibroblast-like cells and reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells to the injury site during the regeneration process. Our results suggest that the underlying mechanisms of better regeneration with FFs should be elucidated and be used to enhance adult tendon healing. This may assist in the development of future strategies to treat tendon injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Mei Tang
- 1] Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058 [2] Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou China. 310058
| | - Jia Lin Chen
- 1] Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058 [2] Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou China. 310058
| | - Wei Liang Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058
| | - Zi Yin
- 1] Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058 [2] Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou China. 310058
| | - Huan Huan Liu
- 1] Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058 [2] Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou China. 310058
| | - Zhi Fang
- 1] Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058 [2] Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou China. 310058
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- Department of Biosystems Science & Engineering (D-BSSE), ETH-Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Hong Wei Ouyang
- 1] Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058 [2] Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou China. 310058
| | - Xiao Chen
- 1] Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 310058 [2] Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou China. 310058
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Regulating inflammation using acid-responsive electrospun fibrous scaffolds for skin scarless healing. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:858045. [PMID: 24795507 PMCID: PMC3984856 DOI: 10.1155/2014/858045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin injury in adult mammals brings about a series of events and inflammation in the wounded area is initiated first and provides lots of inflammatory factors, which is critical for the final scar formation. While the postinjured skin of fetus and nude mice heals scarlessly owing to the absence of inflammation or immunodeficient, we designed a feasible acid-responsive ibuprofen-loaded poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) fibrous scaffolds via doping sodium bicarbonate to prevent excessive inflammation and achieve scarless healing finally. The morphological results of in vivo experiments revealed that animals treated with acid-responsive ibuprofen-loaded PLLA fibrous scaffolds exhibited alleviative inflammation, accelerated healing process, and regulated collagen deposition via interference in the collagen distribution, the α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression. The lower ratios of collagen I/collagen III and TGF-β1/TGF-β3 and higher ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1)/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in acid-responsive ibuprofen-loaded PLLA fibrous scaffolds group were confirmed by real-time qPCR as well. These results suggest that inhibiting the excessive inflammation will result in regular collagen distribution and appropriate ratio between the factors, which promote or suppress the scar formation, then decrease the scar area, and finally achieve the scarless healing.
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Godwin JW, Rosenthal N. Scar-free wound healing and regeneration in amphibians: immunological influences on regenerative success. Differentiation 2014; 87:66-75. [PMID: 24565918 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Salamanders and frogs are distinct orders of Amphibians with very different immune systems during adult life, exhibiting varying potential for scar free repair and regeneration. While salamanders can regenerate a range of body parts throughout all stages of life, regeneration is restricted to early stages of frog development. Comparison of these two closely related amphibian orders provides insights into the immunological influences on wound repair, and the different strategies that have evolved either to limit infection or to facilitate efficient regeneration. After injury, cells of the immune system are responsible for the removal of damaged cells and providing a cohort of important growth factors and signaling molecules. Immune cells not only regulate new vessel growth important for supplying essential nutrients to damaged tissue but, modulate the extracellular matrix environment by regulating fibroblasts and the scarring response. The profile of immune cell infiltration and their interaction with local tissue immune cells directly influences many aspects of the wound healing outcomes and can facilitate or prevent regeneration. Evidence is emerging that the transition from wound healing to regeneration is reliant on immune cell engagement and that the success of regeneration in amphibians may depend on complex interactions between stem cell progenitors and immune cell subsets. The potential immunological barriers to mammalian regeneration are discussed with implications for the successful delivery of stem cell therapeutic strategies in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Godwin
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Nadia Rosenthal
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
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