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Lu F, Sun J, Zheng Q, Li J, Hu Y, Yu P, He H, Zhao Y, Wang X, Yang S, Cheng H. Imaging elemental events of store-operated Ca 2+ entry in invading cancer cells with plasmalemmal targeted sensors. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.224923. [PMID: 30814332 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.224923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STIM1- and Orai1-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) constitutes the major Ca2+ influx in almost all electrically non-excitable cells. However, little is known about the spatiotemporal organization at the elementary level. Here, we developed Orai1-tethered or palmitoylated biosensor GCaMP6f to report subplasmalemmal Ca2+ signals. We visualized spontaneous discrete and long-lasting transients ('Ca2+ glows') arising from STIM1-Orai1 in invading melanoma cells. Ca2+ glows occurred preferentially in single invadopodia and at sites near the cell periphery under resting conditions. Re-addition of external Ca2+ after store depletion elicited spatially synchronous Ca2+ glows, followed by high-rate discharge of asynchronous local events. Knockout of STIM1 or expression of the dominant-negative Orai1-E106A mutant markedly decreased Ca2+ glow frequency, diminished global SOCE and attenuated invadopodial formation. Functionally, invadopodial Ca2+ glows provided high Ca2+ microdomains to locally activate Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent Pyk2 (also known as PTK2B), which initiates the SOCE-Pyk2-Src signaling cascade required for invasion. Overall, the discovery of elemental Ca2+ signals of SOCE not only unveils a previously unappreciated gating mode of STIM1-Orai1 channels in situ, but also underscores a critical role of the spatiotemporal dynamics of SOCE in orchestrating complex cell behaviors such as invasion. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Qiaoxia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinghang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuanzhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Peng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huifang He
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA .,Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Heping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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A potential new approach for treating systemic sclerosis: Dedifferentiation of SSc fibroblasts and change in the microenvironment by blocking store-operated Ca2+ entry. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213400. [PMID: 30870448 PMCID: PMC6417669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is an important target for treating systemic sclerosis (SSc). However, our study revealed three levels of TGF-β1 expression in SSc patients, indicating that inhibiting TGF-β is not sufficient to treat SSc. A previous clinical trial also displayed disappointing results. Thus, our study attempted to search for a potential novel approach. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicated that the SSc pathological pathways were closely associated with store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE)-regulated signals, and SOCE activity was found to be increased in SSc fibroblasts. Further treatment of SSc fibroblasts with SOCE inhibitors, 2APB, and associated calcium channel inhibitors SKF96365, and indomethacin, showed that the SOCE inhibitors selectively decreased fibrosis markers and altered the cell morphology. Consequently, SOCE inhibitors, especially 2APB and indomethacin, caused the dedifferentiation of SSc fibroblasts via cytoskeleton remodeling and altered collagen secretion and restored the cell mobility. We further explained SSc pathogenesis as fibroblast differentiation with SOCE. Treatment with exogenous factors, gelatin-1, FAM20A and human albumin, which were identified from the conditioned medium of SSc fibroblasts, was important for regulating the differentiation of fibroblasts with higher levels of SOCE and α-SMA. Conclusively, to treat SSc, blockage of the increased SOCE activity in SSc induces the dedifferentiation of SSc fibroblasts and simultaneously changes the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure to limit SSc pathogenesis.
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Jensen ASC, Polcwiartek C, Søgaard P, Mortensen RN, Davidsen L, Aldahl M, Eriksen MA, Kragholm K, Torp-Pedersen C, Hansen SM. The Association Between Serum Calcium Levels and Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Am J Med 2019; 132:200-208.e1. [PMID: 30691552 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic heart failure have vulnerable myocardial function and are susceptible to electrolyte disturbances. In these patients, diuretic treatment is frequently prescribed, though it is known to cause electrolyte disturbances. Therefore, we investigated the association between altered calcium homeostasis and the risk of all-cause mortality in chronic heart failure patients. METHODS From Danish national registries, we identified patients with chronic heart failure with a serum calcium measurement within a minimum 90 days after initiated treatment with both loop diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to serum calcium levels, and Cox regression was used to assess the mortality risk of <1.18 mmol/L (hypocalcemia) and >1.32 mmol/L (hypercalcemia) compared with 1.18 mmol/L-1.32 mmol/L (normocalcemia) as reference. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS Of 2729 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 32.6% had hypocalcemia, 63.1% normocalcemia, and 4.3% hypercalcemia. The highest mortality risk was present in early deaths (≤30 days), with a HR of 2.22 (95% CI; 1.74-2.82) in hypocalcemic patients and 1.67 (95% CI; 0.96-2.90) in hypercalcemic patients compared with normocalcemic patients. As for late deaths (>30 days), a HR of 1.52 (95% CI; 1.12-2.05) was found for hypocalcemic patients and a HR of 1.87 (95% CI; 1.03-3.41) for hypercalcemic patients compared with normocalcemic patients. In adjusted analyses, hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia remained associated with an increased mortality risk in both the short term (≤30 days) and longer term (>30 days). CONCLUSION Altered calcium homeostasis was associated with an increased short-term mortality risk. Almost one-third of all the heart failure patients suffered from hypocalcemia, having a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoffer Polcwiartek
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Peter Søgaard
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Medicine Center for Cardiovascular Research, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Line Davidsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mette Aldahl
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Kristian Kragholm
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Cardiology, Vendsyssel Regional Hospital, Hjørring, Denmark
| | - Christian Torp-Pedersen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Steen Møller Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
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Tiwari P, Mrigwani A, Kaur H, Kaila P, Kumar R, Guptasarma P. Structural-Mechanical and Biochemical Functions of Classical Cadherins at Cellular Junctions: A Review and Some Hypotheses. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1112:107-138. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3065-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
The role of the Golgi apparatus in carcinogenesis still remains unclear. A number of structural and functional cis-, medial-, and trans-Golgi proteins as well as a complexity of metabolic pathways which they mediate may indicate a central role of the Golgi apparatus in the development and progression of cancer. Pleiotropy of cellular function of the Golgi apparatus makes it a "metabolic heart" or a relay station of a cell, which combines multiple signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Therefore, any damage to or structural abnormality of the Golgi apparatus, causing its fragmentation and/or biochemical dysregulation, results in an up- or downregulation of signaling pathways and may in turn promote tumor progression, as well as local nodal and distant metastases. Three alternative or parallel models of spatial and functional Golgi organization within tumor cells were proposed: (1) compacted Golgi structure, (2) normal Golgi structure with its increased activity, and (3) the Golgi fragmentation with ministacks formation. Regardless of the assumed model, the increased activity of oncogenesis initiators and promoters with inhibition of suppressor proteins results in an increased cell motility and migration, increased angiogenesis, significantly activated trafficking kinetics, proliferation, EMT induction, decreased susceptibility to apoptosis-inducing factors, and modulating immune response to tumor cell antigens. Eventually, this will lead to the increased metastatic potential of cancer cells and an increased risk of lymph node and distant metastases. This chapter provided an overview of the current state of knowledge of selected Golgi proteins, their role in cytophysiology as well as potential involvement in tumorigenesis.
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Jardin I, Lopez JJ, Salido GM, Rosado JA. Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry in Breast Cancer Cells: Remodeling and Functional Role. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124053. [PMID: 30558192 PMCID: PMC6321005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. It is a heterogeneous disease that ranges from the less undifferentiated luminal A to the more aggressive basal or triple negative breast cancer molecular subtype. Ca2+ influx from the extracellular medium, but more specifically store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), has been reported to play an important role in tumorigenesis and the maintenance of a variety of cancer hallmarks, including cell migration, proliferation, invasion or epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Breast cancer cells remodel the expression and functional role of the molecular components of SOCE. This review focuses on the functional role and remodeling of SOCE in breast cancer cells. The current studies suggest the need to deepen our understanding of SOCE in the biology of the different breast cancer subtypes in order to develop new and specific therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Jardin
- Department of Physiology, (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
| | - Jose J Lopez
- Department of Physiology, (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
| | - Gines M Salido
- Department of Physiology, (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology, (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
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Chen J, Wu Y, Zhang L, Fang X, Hu X. Evidence for calpains in cancer metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8233-8240. [PMID: 30370545 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination represents the final stage of tumor progression as well as the principal cause of cancer-associated deaths. Calpains are a conserved family of calcium-dependent cysteine proteinases with ubiquitous or tissue-specific expression. Accumulating evidence indicates a central role for calpains in tumor migration and invasion via participating in several key processes, including focal adhesion dynamics, cytoskeletal remodeling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and apoptosis. Activated after the increased intracellular calcium concentration ( [ Ca 2 + ] i ) induced by membrane channels and extracellular or intracellular stimuli, calpains induce the limited cleavage or functional modulation of various substrates that serve as metastatic mediators. This review covers established literature to summarize the mechanisms and underlying signaling pathways of calpains in cancer metastasis, making calpains attractive targets for aggressive tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizheng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lumin Zhang
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Hu
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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