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Koopman D, van Dalen JA, Stevens H, Slump CH, Knollema S, Jager PL. Performance of Digital PET Compared with High-Resolution Conventional PET in Patients with Cancer. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1448-1454. [PMID: 32060217 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.238105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently introduced PET systems using silicon photomultipliers with digital readout (dPET) have an improved timing and spatial resolution, aiming at a better image quality than conventional PET (cPET) systems. We prospectively evaluated the performance of a dPET system in patients with cancer, as compared with high-resolution (HR) cPET imaging. Methods: After a single 18F-FDG injection, 66 patients underwent dPET and cPET imaging in randomized order. We used HR reconstructions (2 × 2 × 2 mm voxels) for both scanners and determined SUVmax, SUVmean, lesion-to-background ratio (LBR), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and lesion diameter in up to 5 18F-FDG-positive lesions per patient. Furthermore, we counted the number of visible and measurable lesions on each PET scan. Two nuclear medicine specialists determined, in a masked manner, the TNM score from both image sets in 30 patients referred for initial staging. For all 66 patients, these specialists separately evaluated image quality (4-point scale) and determined the scan preference. Results: We included 238 lesions that were visible and measurable on both PET scans. For 27 patients, we found 37 additional lesions on dPET (41%) that were unmeasurable (n = 14) or invisible (n = 23) on cPET. Mean (±SD) SUVmean, SUVmax, LBR, and MTV on cPET were 5.2 ± 3.9, 6.9 ± 5.6, 5.0 ± 3.6, and 2,991 ± 13,251 mm3, respectively. On dPET, SUVmean, SUVmax, and LBR increased by 24%, 23%, and 27%, respectively (P < 0.001) whereas MTV decreased by 13% (P < 0.001), compared with cPET. Visual analysis showed TNM upstaging with dPET in 13% of the patients (4/30). dPET images also had higher scores for quality (P = 0.003) and were visually preferred in most cases (65%). Conclusion: dPET improved the detection of small lesions, upstaged the disease, and produced images that were visually preferred to those from HR cPET. More studies are necessary to confirm the superior diagnostic performance of dPET.Keywords: digital PET; conventional PET; FDG PET; lesion detection; cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniëlle Koopman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands .,Technical Medicine Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; and
| | | | - Henk Stevens
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H Slump
- Technical Medicine Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; and
| | - Siert Knollema
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter L Jager
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Mansi L. Radiolabeled somatostatin analogues for the diagnosis and therapy of NETs: upcoming new strategies. Clin Transl Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40336-020-00355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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López-Mora DA, Sizova M, Estorch M, Flotats A, Camacho V, Fernández A, Abouzian S, Fuentes-Ocampo F, Garcia JIP, Ballesteros AIC, Duch J, Domènech A, Duarte AM, Carrió I. Superior performance of 18F-fluorocholine digital PET/CT in the detection of parathyroid adenomas. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 47:572-578. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-04680-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Laudicella R, Baratto L, Minutoli F, Baldari S, Iagaru A. Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma: Updates in PET Imaging. Curr Radiopharm 2020; 13:14-23. [PMID: 31749439 DOI: 10.2174/1874471012666191015095550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous malignant melanoma is a neoplasm whose incidence and mortality are dramatically increasing. 18F-FDG PET/CT gained clinical acceptance over the past 2 decades in the evaluation of several glucose-avid neoplasms, including malignant melanoma, particularly for the assessment for distant metastases, recurrence and response to therapy. OBJECTIVE To describe the advancements of nuclear medicine for imaging melanoma with particular attention to 18F-FDG-PET and its current state-of-the-art technical innovations. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy was used based on SCOPUS and PubMed databases. From all studies published in English, we selected the articles that evaluated the technological insights of 18FFDG- PET in the assessment of melanoma. RESULTS State-of-the-art silicon photomultipliers based detectors ("digital") PET/CT scanners are nowadays more common, showing technical innovations that may have beneficial implications for patients with melanoma. Steady improvements in detectors design and architecture, as well as the implementation of both software and hardware technology (i.e., TOF, point spread function, etc.), resulted in significant improvements in PET image quality while reducing radiotracer dose and scanning time. CONCLUSION Recently introduced digital PET detector technology in PET/CT and PET/MRI yields higher intrinsic system sensitivity compared with the latest generation analog technology, enabling the detection of very small lesions with potential impact on disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Laudicella
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | - Lucia Baratto
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, United States
| | - Fabio Minutoli
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | - Sergio Baldari
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | - Andrei Iagaru
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, United States
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Caribé PRRV, Koole M, D’Asseler Y, Van Den Broeck B, Vandenberghe S. Noise reduction using a Bayesian penalized-likelihood reconstruction algorithm on a time-of-flight PET-CT scanner. EJNMMI Phys 2019; 6:22. [PMID: 31823084 PMCID: PMC6904688 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-019-0264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Q.Clear is a block sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM) penalized-likelihood reconstruction algorithm for PET. It tries to improve image quality by controlling noise amplification during image reconstruction. In this study, the noise properties of this BSREM were compared to the ordered-subset expectation maximization (OSEM) algorithm for both phantom and patient data acquired on a state-of-the-art PET/CT. METHODS The NEMA IQ phantom and a whole-body patient study were acquired on a GE DMI 3-rings system in list mode and different datasets with varying noise levels were generated. Phantom data was evaluated using four different contrast ratios. These were reconstructed using BSREM with different β-factors of 300-3000 and with a clinical setting used for OSEM including point spread function (PSF) and time-of-flight (TOF) information. Contrast recovery (CR), background noise levels (coefficient of variation, COV), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were used to determine the performance in the phantom data. Findings based on the phantom data were compared with clinical data. For the patient study, the SUV ratio, metabolic active tumor volumes (MATVs), and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were evaluated using the liver as the background region. RESULTS Based on the phantom data for the same count statistics, BSREM resulted in higher CR and CNR and lower COV than OSEM. The CR of OSEM matches to the CR of BSREM with β = 750 at high count statistics for 8:1. A similar trend was observed for the ratios 6:1 and 4:1. A dependence on sphere size, counting statistics, and contrast ratio was confirmed by the CNR of the ratio 2:1. BSREM with β = 750 for 2.5 and 1.0 min acquisition has comparable COV to the 10 and 5.0 min acquisitions using OSEM. This resulted in a noise reduction by a factor of 2-4 when using BSREM instead of OSEM. For the patient data, a similar trend was observed, and SNR was reduced by at least a factor of 2 while preserving contrast. CONCLUSION The BSREM reconstruction algorithm allowed a noise reduction without a loss of contrast by a factor of 2-4 compared to OSEM reconstructions for all data evaluated. This reduction can be used to lower the injected dose or shorten the acquisition time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R. R. V. Caribé
- Medical Image and Signal Processing – MEDISIP, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - M. Koole
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, UZ/KU, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yves D’Asseler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - B. Van Den Broeck
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - S. Vandenberghe
- Medical Image and Signal Processing – MEDISIP, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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Digital versus analogue PET in [ 68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for recurrent prostate cancer: a matched-pair comparison. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 47:614-623. [PMID: 31792572 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04630-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Digital PET/CT scanners represent a significant step forward in molecular imaging. We report here the clinical impact of digital PET in PSMA-PET/CT. METHODS In this retrospective study, 88 consecutive patients who underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT on a digital PET/CT (dPET/CT) scanner for recurrent prostate cancer (PC) were included in a first cohort. In a second step, 88 individuals who underwent an analogue [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (aPET/CT) were selected after they were matched to the first cohort for clinical parameters. Following consensus read by two nuclear medicine physicians, the number and type of PC lesions as well as benign, PSMA-positive lesions were recorded. The results were complemented by extensive [68Ga]Ga phantom measurements to determine imaging characteristics of both scanners. RESULTS dPET/CT revealed a greater number of PC lesions compared to aPET/CT (326 versus 142) as well as a proportional increase in benign causes of tracer-uptake (144 versus 65). A greater number of scans were noted as pathological for PC on dPET/CT (74/88) compared to aPET/CT (64/88, p < 0.05). The PSMA positivity rate for PC was significantly higher in dPET/CT for the lowest PSA values (PSA < 2.0 ng/ml, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION dPET/CT detected more PC lesions compared to aPET/CT. A significantly higher rate of pathological PET/CTs was noted in the group with the lowest PSA values. A higher number of benign PSMA-positive lesions were also noted in dPET/CT. The differences could be plausibly explained by the measured imaging characteristics of the scanners.
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Lei Y, Dong X, Wang T, Higgins K, Liu T, Curran WJ, Mao H, Nye JA, Yang X. Whole-body PET estimation from low count statistics using cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks. Phys Med Biol 2019; 64:215017. [PMID: 31561244 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab4891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lowering either the administered activity or scan time is desirable in PET imaging as it decreases the patient's radiation burden or improves patient comfort and reduces motion artifacts. But reducing these parameters lowers overall photon counts and increases noise, adversely impacting image contrast and quantification. To address this low count statistics problem, we propose a cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (Cycle GAN) model to estimate diagnostic quality PET images using low count data. Cycle GAN learns a transformation to synthesize diagnostic PET images using low count data that would be indistinguishable from our standard clinical protocol. The algorithm also learns an inverse transformation such that cycle low count PET data (inverse of synthetic estimate) generated from synthetic full count PET is close to the true low count PET. We introduced residual blocks into the generator to catch the differences between low count and full count PET in the training dataset and better handle noise. The average mean error and normalized mean square error in whole body were -0.14% ± 1.43% and 0.52% ± 0.19% with Cycle GAN model, compared to 5.59% ± 2.11% and 3.51% ± 4.14% on the original low count PET images. Normalized cross-correlation is improved from 0.970 to 0.996, and peak signal-to-noise ratio is increased from 39.4 dB to 46.0 dB with proposed method. We developed a deep learning-based approach to accurately estimate diagnostic quality PET datasets from one eighth of photon counts, and has great potential to improve low count PET image quality to the level of diagnostic PET used in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America. Co-first author
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Oddstig J, Leide Svegborn S, Almquist H, Bitzén U, Garpered S, Hedeer F, Hindorf C, Jögi J, Jönsson L, Minarik D, Petersson R, Welinder A, Wollmer P, Trägårdh E. Comparison of conventional and Si-photomultiplier-based PET systems for image quality and diagnostic performance. BMC Med Imaging 2019; 19:81. [PMID: 31640584 PMCID: PMC6805299 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-019-0377-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new generation of positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET-CT) was recently introduced using silicon (Si) photomultiplier (PM)-based technology. Our aim was to compare the image quality and diagnostic performance of a SiPM-based PET-CT (Discovery MI; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA) with a time-of-flight PET-CT scanner with a conventional PM detector (Gemini TF; Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, OH, USA), including reconstruction algorithms per vendor's recommendations. METHODS Imaging of the National Electrical Manufacturers Association IEC body phantom and 16 patients was carried out using 1.5 min/bed for the Discovery MI PET-CT and 2 min/bed for the Gemini TF PET-CT. Images were analysed for recovery coefficients for the phantom, signal-to-noise ratio in the liver, standardized uptake values (SUV) in lesions, number of lesions and metabolic TNM classifications in patients. RESULTS In phantom, the correct (> 90%) activity level was measured for spheres ≥17 mm for Discovery MI, whereas the Gemini TF reached a correct measured activity level for the 37-mm sphere. In patient studies, metabolic TNM classification was worse using images obtained from the Discovery MI compared those obtained from the Gemini TF in 4 of 15 patients. A trend toward more malignant, inflammatory and unclear lesions was found using images acquired with the Discovery MI compared with the Gemini TF, but this was not statistically significant. Lesion-to-blood-pool SUV ratios were significantly higher in images from the Discovery MI compared with the Gemini TF for lesions smaller than 1 cm (p < 0.001), but this was not the case for larger lesions (p = 0.053). The signal-to-noise ratio in the liver was similar between platforms (p = 0.52). Also, shorter acquisition times were possible using the Discovery MI, with preserved signal-to-noise ratio in the liver. CONCLUSIONS Image quality was better with Discovery MI compared to conventional Gemini TF. Although no gold standard was available, the results indicate that the new PET-CT generation will provide potentially better diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Oddstig
- Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Carl Bertil Laurells gata 9, 20502 Malmö and Lund, Sverige
| | - Sigrid Leide Svegborn
- Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Carl Bertil Laurells gata 9, 20502 Malmö and Lund, Sverige
| | - Helen Almquist
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Bitzén
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sabine Garpered
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Carl Bertil Laurells gata 9, 20502 Malmö, Sverige
| | - Fredrik Hedeer
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Hindorf
- Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Carl Bertil Laurells gata 9, 20502 Malmö and Lund, Sverige
| | - Jonas Jögi
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Carl Bertil Laurells gata 9, 20502 Malmö, Sverige
| | - Lena Jönsson
- Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Carl Bertil Laurells gata 9, 20502 Malmö and Lund, Sverige
| | - David Minarik
- Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Carl Bertil Laurells gata 9, 20502 Malmö and Lund, Sverige
| | - Richard Petersson
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Annika Welinder
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Wollmer
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Carl Bertil Laurells gata 9, 20502 Malmö, Sverige
| | - Elin Trägårdh
- Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital and Lund University, Carl Bertil Laurells gata 9, 20502 Malmö, Sverige
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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van Sluis J, Boellaard R, Dierckx RAJO, Stormezand GN, Glaudemans AWJM, Noordzij W. Image Quality and Activity Optimization in Oncologic 18F-FDG PET Using the Digital Biograph Vision PET/CT System. J Nucl Med 2019; 61:764-771. [PMID: 31628214 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.234351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The first Biograph Vision PET/CT system (Siemens Healthineers) was installed at the University Medical Center Groningen. Improved performance of this system could allow for a reduction in activity administration or scan duration. This study evaluated the effects of reduced scan duration in oncologic 18F-FDG PET imaging on quantitative and subjective imaging parameters and its influence on clinical image interpretation. Methods: Patients referred for a clinical PET/CT scan were enrolled in this study, received a weight-based 18F-FDG injected activity, and underwent list-mode PET acquisition at 180 s per bed position (s/bp). Acquired PET data were reconstructed using the vendor-recommended clinical reconstruction protocol (hereafter referred to as "clinical"), using the clinical protocol with additional 2-mm gaussian filtering (hereafter referred to as "clinical+G2"), and-in conformance with European Association of Nuclear Medicine Research Ltd. (EARL) specifications-using different scan durations per bed position (180, 120, 60, 30, and 10 s). Reconstructed images were quantitatively assessed for comparison of SUVs and noise. In addition, clinically reconstructed images were qualitatively evaluated by 3 nuclear medicine physicians. Results: In total, 30 oncologic patients (22 men, 8 women; age: 48-88 y [range], 67 ± 9.6 y [mean ± SD]) received a single weight-based (3 MBq/kg) 18F-FDG injected activity (weight: 45-123 kg [range], 81 ± 15 kg [mean ± SD]; activity: 135-380 MBq [range], 241 ± 47.3 MBq [mean ± SD]). Significant differences in lesion SUVmax were found between the 180-s/bp images and the 30- and 10-s/bp images reconstructed using the clinical protocols, whereas no differences were found in lesion SUVpeak EARL-compliant images did not show differences in lesion SUVmax or SUVpeak between scan durations. Quantitative parameters showed minimal deviation (∼5%) in the 60-s/bp images. Therefore, further subjective image quality assessment was conducted using the 60-s/bp images. Qualitative assessment revealed the influence of personal preference on physicians' willingness to adopt the 60-s/bp images in clinical practice. Although quantitative PET parameters differed minimally, an increase in noise was observed. Conclusion: With the Biograph Vision PET/CT system for oncologic 18F-FDG imaging, scan duration or activity administration could be reduced by a factor of 3 or more with the use of the clinical+G2 or the EARL-compliant reconstruction protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce van Sluis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles N Stormezand
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andor W J M Glaudemans
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Walter Noordzij
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Initial experience with a PET/computed tomography system using silicon photomultiplier detectors. Nucl Med Commun 2019; 40:1174-1178. [PMID: 31568189 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A PET/computed tomography (CT) that uses silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) technology was installed at our institution. Here, we report the initial use of the new scanner and evaluate the image quality in comparison to standard PET/CT scanners. PROCEDURES Seventy-two patients were scanned first using standard PET/CT followed immediately by the new PET/CT system. Images from the new PET/CT system were reconstructed using a conventional [non time-of-flight (TOF)] algorithm, TOF alone and TOF in combination with BSREM. Images from standard PET/CT were reconstructed using clinical standard-of-care settings. Three blinded readers randomly reviewed four datasets (standard, non-TOF, TOF alone, TOF+BSREM) per patient for image quality using a five-point Likert scale. SUV measurements for the single most avid lesion on each dataset were also recorded. RESULTS Datasets from the new scanner had higher image quality (P < 0.001) and SUV measurements (P < 0.001) compared with the standard scanners, and scores further improved when TOF and BSREM algorithms were added (mean scores for standard, non-TOF, TOF alone and TOF+BSREM were 3.1, 3.9, 4.3 and 5.0, respectively; mean SUVmax for hottest lesion were 8.8, 10.3, 10.7 and 13.3, respectively). CONCLUSION The SiPM-based PET/CT system outperforms two standard Bismuth germanium oxide- and Lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate-based scanners in terms of image quality, with further benefits added using TOF and BSREM. This may be beneficial for detecting small lesions and more accurate disease staging.
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Economou Lundeberg J, Oddstig J, Bitzén U, Trägårdh E. Comparison between silicon photomultiplier-based and conventional PET/CT in patients with suspected lung cancer-a pilot study. EJNMMI Res 2019; 9:35. [PMID: 31511997 PMCID: PMC6738366 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-019-0504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Early detection and correct staging are fundamental for treatment and prognosis. Positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) is recommended clinically. Silicon (Si) photomultiplier (PM)-based PET technology and new reconstruction algorithms are hoped to increase the detection of small lesions and enable earlier detection of pathologies including metastatic spread. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of a SiPM-based PET/CT (including a new block-sequential regularization expectation maximization (BSREM) reconstruction algorithm) with a conventional PM-based PET/CT including a conventional ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction algorithm. The focus was patients admitted for 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT for initial diagnosis and staging of suspected lung cancer. Patients were scanned on both a SiPM-based PET/CT (Discovery MI; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, MI, USA) and a PM-based PET/CT (Discovery 690; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, MI, USA). Standardized uptake values (SUV) and image interpretation were compared between the two systems. Image interpretations were further compared with histopathology when available. Results Seventeen patients referred for suspected lung cancer were included in our single injection, dual imaging study. No statically significant differences in SUVmax of suspected malignant primary tumours were found between the two PET/CT systems. SUVmax in suspected malignant intrathoracic lymph nodes was 10% higher on the SiPM-based system (p = 0.026). Good consistency (14/17 cases) between the PET/CT systems were found when comparing simplified TNM staging. The available histology results did not find any obvious differences between the systems. Conclusion In a clinical setting, the new SiPM-based PET/CT system with a new BSREM reconstruction algorithm provided a higher SUVmax for suspected lymph node metastases compared to the PM-based system. However, no improvement in lung cancer detection was seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Economou Lundeberg
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Jenny Oddstig
- Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Bitzén
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Elin Trägårdh
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Gullberg GT, Shrestha UM, Seo Y. Dynamic cardiac PET imaging: Technological improvements advancing future cardiac health. J Nucl Cardiol 2019; 26:1292-1297. [PMID: 29388118 PMCID: PMC6068005 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-018-1201-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grant T Gullberg
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., Ste 350, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0946, USA.
| | - Uttam M Shrestha
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., Ste 350, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0946, USA
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., Ste 350, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0946, USA
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van Dijk JD, Jager PL, van Osch JAC, Khodaverdi M, van Dalen JA. Comparison of maximal Rubidium-82 activities for myocardial blood flow quantification between digital and conventional PET systems. J Nucl Cardiol 2019; 26:1286-1291. [PMID: 29340986 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-017-1156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PET-based myocardial blood flow (MBF) quantification can be inaccurate when using high tracer activities. Our aim was to derive the maximal Rubidium-82 activity for MBF assessment using a new digital PET system and compare the results with conventional analog systems. METHODS 1.8 GBq Rubidium-82 was injected into the cardiac insert of an anthropomorphic torso phantom. Data were acquired for 10 min using an Ingenuity TF (Philips Healthcare), Discovery 690 (D690, GE Healthcare), and digital PET prototype system (Philips Healthcare). The dynamic ranges, defined as the maximal measured activity in the reconstructed images deviating < 10% from the true present activity, were determined in all scans. RESULTS The dynamic ranges were 312 MBq for Ingenuity TF, 650 MBq for D690, and 654 MBq for digital PET prototype. CONCLUSIONS The maximal Rb-82 activity for MBF assessment using digital PET prototype is higher than that for its analog counterpart (Ingenuity TF), but seems comparable to the D690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris D van Dijk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala hospital, PO Box 10400, 8000 GK, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
| | - Pieter L Jager
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala hospital, PO Box 10400, 8000 GK, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jorn A van Dalen
- Department of Medical Physics, Isala hospital, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Lin P. FDG PET imaging in large vessel vasculitis: Stuck at the first hurdle? Int J Rheum Dis 2019; 22:1357-1360. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET; Liverpool Hospital; Liverpool NSW Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
- School of Medicine; Western Sydney University; Sydney NSW Australia
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65
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Salvadori J, Imbert L, Perrin M, Karcher G, Lamiral Z, Marie PY, Verger A. Head-to-head comparison of image quality between brain 18F-FDG images recorded with a fully digital versus a last-generation analog PET camera. EJNMMI Res 2019; 9:61. [PMID: 31300962 PMCID: PMC6626093 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-019-0526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of phantom images was previously shown to be higher on digital (Vereos Philips®) compared to analog PET (Ingenuity Philips®) cameras. This study aimed to determine the extent to which this difference still remains significant on normal brain 18F-FDG PET images. METHODS Relative noise and contrast as well as border sharpness (a spatial resolution index) of central (striata) and peripheral (occiput) gray-matter structures were compared between 10 sets of normal brain 18F-FDG PET images recorded and reconstructed on digital and analog last-generation PET cameras, together with a subjective visual analysis of image quality provided by experienced physicians. RESULTS Compared with analog PET, digital PET provided marked improvements in image quality parameters. The median relative noise was decreased (- 22%), while gray/white-matter contrast was increased (+ 27%/+ 41% for central/peripheral gray-matter structures), with these results being consistent with visual analysis. In addition, a clear enhancement in image sharpness was further documented for digital PET owing to the possible use of a 1-mm3 voxel size (+ 24%/+ 21%). CONCLUSIONS On normal brain 18F-FDG images and compared with a last-generation analog PET, the fully digital PET camera offers marked improvements in image noise and contrast, as well as significant potential for further enhancing spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Salvadori
- IADI, INSERM UMR-1254, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France. .,Plateforme Nancyclotep, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Laetitia Imbert
- IADI, INSERM UMR-1254, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Plateforme Nancyclotep, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Service de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Mathieu Perrin
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Gilles Karcher
- Plateforme Nancyclotep, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Service de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Zohra Lamiral
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématiques, INSERM UMR-1116, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Marie
- Plateforme Nancyclotep, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Service de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématiques, INSERM UMR-1116, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Antoine Verger
- IADI, INSERM UMR-1254, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Plateforme Nancyclotep, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Service de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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66
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Nkoulou R, Zaidi H. Does simplified quantitative analysis of 18F-FDG PET in cardiac inflammatory disease work? J Nucl Cardiol 2019; 26:919-921. [PMID: 29344921 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-017-1179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Nkoulou
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Division of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - H Zaidi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Geneva University Neurocenter, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Vandendriessche D, Uribe J, Bertin H, De Geeter F. Performance characteristics of silicon photomultiplier based 15-cm AFOV TOF PET/CT. EJNMMI Phys 2019; 6:8. [PMID: 31076884 PMCID: PMC6510743 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-019-0244-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This paper describes the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) system performance of the Discovery MI 3-ring PET/CT (GE Healthcare) installed in Bruges, Belgium. This time-of-flight (TOF) PET camera is based on silicon photomultipliers instead of photomultiplier tubes. Methods The NEMA NU2-2012 standard was used to evaluate spatial resolution, sensitivity, image quality (IQ) and count rate curves of the system. Timing and energy resolution were determined. Results Full width at half maximum (FWHM) of spatial resolution in radial, tangential and axial direction was 4.69, 4.08 and 4.68 mm at 1 cm; 5.58, 4.64 and 5.83 mm at 10 cm; and 7.53, 5.08 and 5.47 mm at 20 cm from the centre of the field of view (FOV) for the filtered backprojection reconstruction. For non-TOF ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction without point spread function (PSF) correction, FWHM was 3.87, 3.69 and 4.15 mm at 1 cm; 4.80, 3.81 and 4.87 mm at 10 cm; and 7.38, 4.16 and 3.98 mm at 20 cm. Sensitivity was 7.258 cps/kBq at the centre of the FOV and 7.117 cps/kBq at 10-cm radial offset. Contrast recovery (CR) using the IQ phantom for the TOF OSEM reconstruction without PSF correction was 47.4, 59.3, 67.0 and 77.0% for the 10-, 13-, 17- and 22-mm radioactive spheres and 82.5 and 85.1% for the 28- and 37-mm non-radioactive spheres. Background variability (BV) was 16.4, 12.1, 9.1, 6.6, 5.1 and 3.8% for the 10-, 13-, 17-, 22-, 28- and 37-mm spheres. Lung error was 8.5%. Peak noise equivalent count rate (NECR) was 102.3 kcps at 23.0 kBq/ml with a scatter fraction of 41.2%. Maximum accuracy error was 3.88%. Coincidence timing resolution was 375.6 ps FWHM. Energy resolution was 9.3% FWHM. Q.Clear reconstruction significantly improved CR and reduced BV compared with OSEM. Conclusion System sensitivity and NECR are lower and IQ phantom’s BV is higher compared with larger axial FOV (AFOV) scanners like the 4-ring discovery MI, as expected from the smaller solid angle of the 3-ring system. The other NEMA performance parameters are all comparable with those of the larger AFOV scanners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Vandendriessche
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Algemeen Ziekenhuis Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende, Ruddershove 10, 8000, Brugge, Belgium
| | - Jorge Uribe
- GE Healthcare, 3000 N Grandview Blvd W-1250, Waukesha, WI, 53188, USA
| | - Hugo Bertin
- GE Healthcare, Kouterveldstraat 20, 1831, Diegem, Belgium
| | - Frank De Geeter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Algemeen Ziekenhuis Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende, Ruddershove 10, 8000, Brugge, Belgium.
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Wright CL, Washington IR, Bhatt AD, Knopp MV. Emerging Opportunities for Digital PET/CT to Advance Locoregional Therapy in Head and Neck Cancer. Semin Radiat Oncol 2019; 29:93-101. [PMID: 30827458 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present the recent imaging advancements enabled by digital photon counting positron emission tomography detector technology and discuss its potential applications in the clinical management of head and neck cancer (HNC) and nodal metastases. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography is a clinically useful biomarker for the detection, targeted biopsy, treatment planning, and therapeutic response assessment of HNC. This article highlights the current state of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography imaging in HNC management as well as the emerging capabilities of the recently introduced digital photon counting positron emission tomography/computed tomography platform for more effective molecular and functional HNC imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadwick L Wright
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Aashish D Bhatt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Michael V Knopp
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Division of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.
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Lee JS, Kovalski G, Sharir T, Lee DS. Advances in imaging instrumentation for nuclear cardiology. J Nucl Cardiol 2019; 26:543-556. [PMID: 28718074 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-017-0979-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Advances in imaging instrumentation and technology have greatly contributed to nuclear cardiology. Dedicated cardiac SPECT cameras incorporating novel, highly efficient detector, collimator, and system designs have emerged with the expansion of nuclear cardiology. Solid-state radiation detectors incorporating cadmium zinc telluride, which directly convert radiation to electrical signals and yield improved energy resolution and spatial resolution and enhanced count sensitivity geometries, are increasingly gaining favor as the detector of choice for application in dedicated cardiac SPECT systems. Additionally, hybrid imaging systems in which SPECT and PET are combined with X-ray CT are currently widely used, with PET/MRI hybrid systems having also been recently introduced. The improved quantitative SPECT/CT has the potential to measure the absolute quantification of myocardial blood flow and flow reserve. Rapid development of silicon photomultipliers leads to enhancement in PET image quality and count rates. In addition, the reduction of emission-transmission mismatch artifacts via application of accurate time-of-flight information, and cardiac motion de-blurring aided by anatomical images, are emerging techniques for further improvement of cardiac PET. This article reviews recent advances such as these in nuclear cardiology imaging instrumentation and technology, and the corresponding diagnostic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sung Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Tali Sharir
- Department of Nuclear Cardiology, Assuta Medical Centers, 96 Igal Alon, C Building, 67891, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Korea.
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Schillaci O, Urbano N. Digital PET/CT: a new intriguing chance for clinical nuclear medicine and personalized molecular imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:1222-1225. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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71
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López-Mora DA, Estorch M, Fuentes-Ocampo F, Pérez García JI, Moral A, Carrio I. Digital PET/CT vs. analogue PET/CT in a parathyroid gland study with 18F-Fluorocholine. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2019; 38:121-122. [PMID: 30072302 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D A López-Mora
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
| | - M Estorch
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - F Fuentes-Ocampo
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - J I Pérez García
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - A Moral
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - I Carrio
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
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López-Mora D, Estorch M, Fuentes-Ocampo F, Pérez García J, Moral A, Carrio I. Digital PET/CT vs. analog PET/CT in a parathyroid gland study with 18F-Fluorocholine. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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López-Mora DA, Flotats A, Fuentes-Ocampo F, Camacho V, Fernández A, Ruiz A, Duch J, Sizova M, Domènech A, Estorch M, Carrió I. Comparison of image quality and lesion detection between digital and analog PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:1383-1390. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-4260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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75
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van Sluis J, de Jong J, Schaar J, Noordzij W, van Snick P, Dierckx R, Borra R, Willemsen A, Boellaard R. Performance Characteristics of the Digital Biograph Vision PET/CT System. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1031-1036. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.215418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Li Y. Consistency equations in native detector coordinates and timing calibration for time-of-flight PET. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aaf756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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77
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Akamatsu G, Tashima H, Iwao Y, Wakizaka H, Maeda T, Yoshida E, Yamaya T. A 3-dimensional hemispherical brain phantom for compact dedicated brain PET scanners. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aaf77f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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78
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Digital vs. analog PET/CT: intra-subject comparison of the SUVmax in target lesions and reference regions. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:1745-1750. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-4256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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79
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Nguyen NC, Vercher-Conejero J, Faulhaber P. Tumor volume delineation: A pilot study comparing a digital positron-emission tomography prototype with an analog positron-emission tomography system. World J Nucl Med 2019; 18:45-51. [PMID: 30774546 PMCID: PMC6357708 DOI: 10.4103/wjnm.wjnm_22_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the potential differences of a digital positron-emission tomography (PET) prototype equipped with photon-counting detectors (D-PET, Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, Ohio, USA) in tumor volume delineation compared with the analog Gemini TF PET system (A-PET, Philips). Eleven oncologic patients first underwent clinical fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) on A-PET. The D-PET ring was then inserted between the PET and CT scanner of A-PET and the patient was scanned for the second time. Two interpreters reviewed the two sets of PET/CT images for image quality and diagnostic confidence. FDG avid lesions were evaluated for volume measured at 35% and 50% of maximum standard uptake value (SUV) thresholds (35% SUV, 50% SUV), and for SUV gradient as a measure of lesion sharpness. Bland–Altman plots were used to assess the agreement between the two PET scans. Qualitative lesion conspicuity, sharpness, and diagnostic confidence were greater at D-PET than that of A-PET with favorable inter-rater agreements. Median lesion size of the 24 measured lesions was 1.6 cm. The lesion volume at D-PET was smaller at both 35% SUV and 50% SUV thresholds compared with that of A-PET, with a mean difference of − 3680.0 mm3 at 35% SUV and − 835.3 mm3 at 50% SUV. SUV gradient was greater at D-PET than at A-PET by 49.2% (95% confidence interval: 34.1%–60.8%). Given the smaller volume definition, coupled with improved conspicuity and sharpness, digital PET may be more robust and accurate in tumor rendering compared with analog PET not only for radiotherapy planning but also in prognostication and systemic treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nghi C Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jose Vercher-Conejero
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Peter Faulhaber
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Sarikaya I, Sarikaya A. Assessing 18F-FDG Uptake in the Sentinel Lymph Node in Breast Cancer. J Nucl Med Technol 2018; 47:149-153. [PMID: 30413593 DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.118.219758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
18F-FDG PET/CT has limited value in early breast cancer. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is the current procedure of choice to search for small metastatic deposits in the axillary lymph nodes in early breast cancer. In this retrospective study, we reevaluated 18F-FDG PET/CT images after locating the SLN on PET/CT with the help of SLN SPECT/CT images and assessed 18F-FDG uptake, particularly in the SLN. Our goal was to understand if combined evaluation of 18F-FDG PET/CT and SLN SPECT/CT could be useful for detecting early lymph node metastasis in the axilla. Methods: 18F-FDG PET/CT images of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients who also had SLN scintigraphy (SPECT/CT) and biopsy results were analyzed to assess 18F-FDG uptake in the SLN. The SLN seen on SPECT/CT images was located on PET/CT images, and its metabolic activity was assessed both visually and semiquantitatively using SUVmax 18F-FDG PET results were compared with the histopathology result for the SLN. Results: Twenty patients among 130 met the inclusion criteria. SLN SPECT/CT images were helpful for locating the SLN on 18F-FDG PET/CT images in all 20 patients. Histopathologic analysis of the SLNs demonstrated metastasis in 7 patients and no metastasis in 13. There was mild (visible) 18F-FDG uptake in the SLN (SUVmax, 1.2-4.1; metastatic deposit size, 6-8 mm) in 6 of 7 patients with SLN metastasis (85.7%). There was no or only faint 18F-FDG uptake in the SLN (SUVmax < 1) in 9 of 13 patients with no SLN metastasis (69.2%). Receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis indicated that the SUVmax cutoff for differentiating SLN-positive from -negative cases was 0.85 (sensitivity, 85.7%; specificity, 61.5%; area under the curve, 0.747; P < 0.05). Conclusion: Combined evaluation of 18F-FDG PET/CT and SPECT/CT images to assess 18F-FDG uptake, particularly in the SLN, is a new image analysis technique to detect early metastatic disease in the axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer. Although this technique does not currently seem feasible for use in routine practice, mainly because of the limitations of current PET/CT technology in detecting small tumors, it is an interesting image analysis technique to be aware of for possible future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismet Sarikaya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kuwait University Faculty of Medicine, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait; and
| | - Ali Sarikaya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
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Performance evaluation of the next generation solid-state digital photon counting PET/CT system. EJNMMI Res 2018; 8:97. [PMID: 30402779 PMCID: PMC6219999 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-018-0448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The first solid-state silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) digital photon counting (DPC) clinical PET/CT system was introduced by Philips in recent years. The system differs from other SiPM-based PET/CT systems and uses lutetiumyttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) scintillators directly coupled with their own individual SiPM DPC detectors eliminating the need for Anger-logic positioning decoding. We evaluated the system performance, characteristics, and stability of the next generation DPC clinical PET/CT based on NEMA NU2-2012 tests, NEMA NU2-2018 test (timing resolution) and human studies. Results An energy resolution of 11.2% was measured. NEMA NU2-2012 tests revealed a spatial resolution (mm in FWHM) from (3.96, 4.01, 4.01) at 1 cm to (5.81, 5.83, 4.95) at 20 cm for (axial, radial, tangential). A 5.7 cps/kBq system sensitivity was measured. Peak noise equivalent count rate (NECR) and peak true count rate could not be determined as each exhibited increasing values up to the maximum activity measured (~ 1100 MBq). The maximum NECR was 171 kcps @ 50.5 kBq/mL, with corresponding scatter fraction of 30.8% and maximum trues of 681 kcps. NEMA hot sphere contrast ranged from 62% (10 mm) to 88% (22 mm), cold sphere contrast of 86% (28 mm) and 89% (37 mm). A timing resolution of 322 ps (22Na point source based) and 332 ps (NEMA NU2-2018) was obtained. It revealed < 1% change in TOF timing and ± 0.4% change in energy resolution during 31-month stability monitoring. CQIE assessment found < 3% axial variance in SUV. 100–60% recovery coefficients of activity concentration at various sphere sizes and contrast levels were measured. Conclusions This scanner represents the first solid-state DPC PET/CT, a technologic leap beyond photomultipliers tubes and anger logic. It presents considerable improvements in system performance and characteristics with excellent time-of-flight capability compared to conventional photomultiplier tube (PMT) PET/CT systems. The DPC system leads to promising clinical opportunities with excellent image quality, lesion detectability, and diagnostic confidence.
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Lindström E, Sundin A, Trampal C, Lindsjö L, Ilan E, Danfors T, Antoni G, Sörensen J, Lubberink M. Evaluation of Penalized-Likelihood Estimation Reconstruction on a Digital Time-of-Flight PET/CT Scanner for 18F-FDG Whole-Body Examinations. J Nucl Med 2018; 59:1152-1158. [PMID: 29449445 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.200790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The resolution and quantitative accuracy of PET are highly influenced by the reconstruction method. Penalized-likelihood estimation algorithms allow for fully convergent iterative reconstruction, generating a higher image contrast than ordered-subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) while limiting noise. In this study, a type of penalized reconstruction known as block-sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM) was compared with time-of-flight OSEM (TOF OSEM). Various strengths of noise penalization factor β were tested along with various acquisition durations and transaxial fields of view (FOVs) with the aim of evaluating the performance and clinical use of BSREM for 18F-FDG PET/CT, both quantitatively and in a qualitative visual evaluation. Methods: Eleven clinical whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations acquired on a digital TOF PET/CT scanner were included. The data were reconstructed using BSREM with point-spread function recovery and β-factors of 133, 267, 400, and 533-and using TOF OSEM with point-spread function-for various acquisition times per bed position and various FOVs. Noise level, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-background ratio (SBR), and SUV were analyzed. A masked evaluation of visual image quality, rating several aspects, was performed by 2 nuclear medicine physicians to complement the analysis. Results: The lowest levels of noise were reached with the highest β-factor, resulting in the highest SNR, which in turn resulted in the lowest SBR. A β-factor of 400 gave noise equivalent to TOF OSEM but produced a significant increase in SUVmax (11%), SNR (22%), and SBR (12%). BSREM with a β-factor of 533 at a decreased acquisition duration (2 min/bed position) was comparable to TOF OSEM at a full acquisition duration (3 min/bed position). Reconstructed FOV had an impact on BSREM outcome measures; SNR increased and SBR decreased when FOV was shifted from 70 to 50 cm. The evaluation of visual image quality resulted in similar scores for reconstructions, although a β-factor of 400 obtained the highest mean whereas a β-factor of 267 was ranked best in overall image quality, contrast, sharpness, and tumor detectability. Conclusion: In comparison with TOF OSEM, penalized BSREM reconstruction resulted in an increased tumor SUVmax and an improved SNR and SBR at a matched level of noise. BSREM allowed for a shorter acquisition than TOF OSEM, with equal image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Lindström
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden .,Department of Medical Physics, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Sundin
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carlos Trampal
- PET Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; and
| | - Lars Lindsjö
- PET Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; and
| | - Ezgi Ilan
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Torsten Danfors
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Antoni
- Molecular Imaging Division, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Sörensen
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,PET Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; and
| | - Mark Lubberink
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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83
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Verger A, Lagarde S, Maillard L, Bartolomei F, Guedj E. Brain molecular imaging in pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy: Current practice and perspectives. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2018; 174:16-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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84
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Adler S, Seidel J, Choyke P, Knopp MV, Binzel K, Zhang J, Barker C, Conant S, Maass-Moreno R. Minimum lesion detectability as a measure of PET system performance. EJNMMI Phys 2017; 4:13. [PMID: 28260215 PMCID: PMC5337231 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-017-0179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A phantom in combination with an imaging protocol was developed to measure the limit of small lesion detection on different PET systems. Seven small spheres with inner diameters ranging from 3.95 up to 15.43 mm were imaged in a Jaszczak ECT Phantom, in air, in a cold background, and with sphere to background contrast ratios of 15:1 down to 1.88:1. The imaging times varied from 1 to 16 min. The imaging protocol was performed on the Gemini TF and Vereos by Philips, the mCT and HRRT by Siemens, and the Discovery 710 by General Electric. For each scanning condition, the images were reconstructed with image voxel sizes of 1 to 4 mm cubic voxels. The reconstruction method used for each system was the one recommended by the manufacture to achieve best small image lesion detection results. A human observer study was performed to determine the smallest observable sphere for each scanning condition. RESULTS All systems were able to image the smallest sphere of 3.95 mm inner diameter at the 15 to 1 signal to background ratio when imaged for 16 min. For a typical whole body per bed position scan time of 2 to 4 min, the smallest imaged sphere varied between 4.95 and 6.23 mm at the 15:1 contrast ratio and 12.43 and 15.43 mm at a contrast ratio of 1.88:1. In general, all systems were consistent with the Rose criteria when determining lesion detectability. CONCLUSIONS Besides demonstrating that the current state of the art clinical PET/CT systems have the same lesion detection ability, the study demonstrates how sensitive scan time can be to detecting small lesions which have a relatively small contrast uptake in the range of just 2:1. This should help guide imaging protocols to use longer scan times over regions of the subject in which small lesions are suspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Adler
- Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, 21702, USA.
| | - Jurgen Seidel
- Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, 21702, USA
| | - Peter Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA
| | - Michael V Knopp
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Katherine Binzel
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Craig Barker
- Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Shielah Conant
- Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Roberto Maass-Moreno
- Positron Emission Tomography Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
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85
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Wagatsuma K, Miwa K, Sakata M, Oda K, Ono H, Kameyama M, Toyohara J, Ishii K. Comparison between new-generation SiPM-based and conventional PMT-based TOF-PET/CT. Phys Med 2017; 42:203-210. [PMID: 29173917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine whether the SiPM-PET/CT, Discovery MI (DMI) performs better than the PMT-PET/CT system, Discovery 710 (D710). METHODS The physical performance of both systems was evaluated using NEMA NU 2 standards. Contrast (%), uniformity and image noise (%) are criteria proposed by the Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine (JSNM) for phantom tests and were determined in images acquired from Hoffman and uniform phantoms using the DMI and D710. Brain and whole-body [18F]FDG images were also acquired from a healthy male using the DMI and D710. RESULTS The spatial resolution at 1.0cm off-center in the DMI and D710 was 3.91 and 4.52mm, respectively. The sensitivity of the DMI and D710 was 12.62 and 7.50cps/kBq, respectively. The observed peak noise-equivalent count rates were 185.6kcps at 22.5kBq/mL and 137.0kcps at 29.0kBq/mL, and the scatter fractions were 42.1% and 37.9% in the DMI and D710, respectively. The D710 had better contrast recovery and lower background variability. Contrast, uniformity and image noise in the DMI were 61.0%, 0.0225, and 7.85%, respectively. These outcomes were better than those derived from the D710 and satisfied the JSNM criteria. Brain images acquired by the DMI had better grey-to-white matter contrast and lower image noise at the edge of axial field of view. CONCLUSIONS The DMI offers better sensitivity, performance under conditions of high count rates and image quality than the conventional PMT-PET/CT system, D710.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Wagatsuma
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Miwa
- School of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Japan.
| | - Muneyuki Sakata
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Oda
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Health Science, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruka Ono
- School of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Japan
| | - Masashi Kameyama
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Toyohara
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishii
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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86
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Son JW, Kim KY, Yoon HS, Won JY, Ko GB, Lee MS, Lee JS. Proof-of-concept prototype time-of-flight PET system based on high-quantum-efficiency multianode PMTs. Med Phys 2017; 44:5314-5324. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Whan Son
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - Kyeong Yun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Yoon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - Jun Yeon Won
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - Guen Bae Ko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - Min Sun Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Radiation Applied Life Science; Seoul National University; Seoul 03080 Korea
| | - Jae Sung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Radiation Applied Life Science; Seoul National University; Seoul 03080 Korea
- Institute of Radiation Medicine; Medical Research Center; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul 03080 Korea
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87
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Belzunce MA, Reader AJ. Assessment of the impact of modeling axial compression on PET image reconstruction. Med Phys 2017; 44:5172-5186. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin A. Belzunce
- Division of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical Engineering; King's College London; St Thomas’ Hospital; London SE1 7EH UK
| | - Andrew J. Reader
- Division of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical Engineering; King's College London; St Thomas’ Hospital; London SE1 7EH UK
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van der Vos CS, Koopman D, Rijnsdorp S, Arends AJ, Boellaard R, van Dalen JA, Lubberink M, Willemsen ATM, Visser EP. Quantification, improvement, and harmonization of small lesion detection with state-of-the-art PET. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 44:4-16. [PMID: 28687866 PMCID: PMC5541089 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-017-3727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there have been multiple advances in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) that improve cancer imaging. The present generation of PET/CT scanners introduces new hardware, software, and acquisition methods. This review describes these new developments, which include time-of-flight (TOF), point-spread-function (PSF), maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) based reconstruction, smaller voxels, respiratory gating, metal artefact reduction, and administration of quadratic weight-dependent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) activity. Also, hardware developments such as continuous bed motion (CBM), (digital) solid-state photodetectors and combined PET and magnetic resonance (MR) systems are explained. These novel techniques have a significant impact on cancer imaging, as they result in better image quality, improved small lesion detectability, and more accurate quantification of radiopharmaceutical uptake. This influences cancer diagnosis and staging, as well as therapy response monitoring and radiotherapy planning. Finally, the possible impact of these developments on the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) guidelines and EANM Research Ltd. (EARL) accreditation for FDG-PET/CT tumor imaging is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte S van der Vos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle Koopman
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Rijnsdorp
- Department of Medical Physics, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Arends
- Department of Medical Physics, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorn A van Dalen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Physics, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Lubberink
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Antoon T M Willemsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eric P Visser
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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89
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18F-FDG silicon photomultiplier PET/CT: A pilot study comparing semi-quantitative measurements with standard PET/CT. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178936. [PMID: 28582472 PMCID: PMC5459477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate if the new Discovery Molecular Insights (DMI) PET/CT scanner provides equivalent results compared to the standard of care PET/CT scanners (GE Discovery 600 or GE Discovery 690) used in our clinic and to explore any possible differences in semi-quantitative measurements. Methods The local Institutional Review Board approved the protocol and written informed consent was obtained from each patient. Between September and November 2016, 50 patients underwent a single 18F-FDG injection and two scans: the clinical standard PET/CT followed immediately by the DMI PET/CT scan. We measured SUVmax and SUVmean of different background organs and up to four lesions per patient from data acquired using both scanners. Results DMI PET/CT identified all the 107 lesions detected by standard PET/CT scanners, as well as additional 37 areas of focal increased 18F-FDG uptake. The SUVmax values for all 107 lesions ranged 1.2 to 14.6 (mean ± SD: 2.8 ± 2.8), higher on DMI PET/CT compared with standard of care PET/CT. The mean lesion:aortic arch SUVmax ratio and mean lesion:liver SUVmax ratio were 0.2–15.2 (mean ± SD: 3.2 ± 2.6) and 0.2–8.5 (mean ± SD: 1.9 ± 1.4) respectively, higher on DMI PET/CT than standard PET/CT. These differences were statistically significant (P value < 0.0001) and not correlated to the delay in acquisition of DMI PET data (P < 0.0001). Conclusions Our study shows high performance of the new DMI PET/CT scanner. This may have a significant role in diagnosing and staging disease, as well as for assessing and monitoring responses to therapies.
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Wright CL, Binzel K, Zhang J, Knopp MV. Advanced Functional Tumor Imaging and Precision Nuclear Medicine Enabled by Digital PET Technologies. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:5260305. [PMID: 29097926 PMCID: PMC5612735 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5260305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of the background, basic principles, technological evolution, clinical capabilities, and future directions for functional tumor imaging as PET evolves from the conventional photomultiplier tube-based platform into a fully digital detector acquisition platform. The recent introduction of solid-state digital photon counting PET detector is the latest evolution of clinical PET which enables faster time-of-flight timing resolution that leads to more precise localization of the annihilation events and further contributes to reduction in partial volume and thus makes high definition and ultrahigh definition PET imaging feasible with current standard acquisition procedures. The technological advances of digital PET can be further leveraged by optimizing many of the acquisition and reconstruction methodologies to achieve faster image acquisition to improve cancer patient throughput, lower patient dose in accordance with ALARA, and improved quantitative accuracy to enable biomarker capability. Digital PET technology will advance molecular imaging capabilities beyond oncology and enable Precision Nuclear Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadwick L. Wright
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Rm. 430, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Katherine Binzel
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Rm. 430, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Rm. 430, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael V. Knopp
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Rm. 430, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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91
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Wright CL, Binzel K, Zhang J, Wuthrick EJ, Knopp MV. Clinical feasibility of 90Y digital PET/CT for imaging microsphere biodistribution following radioembolization. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 44:1194-1197. [PMID: 28405728 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-017-3694-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of next generation solid-state digital photon counting PET/CT (dPET/CT) technology and imaging findings in patients following 90Y microsphere radioembolization in comparison with standard of care (SOC) bremsstrahlung SPECT/CT (bSPECT/CT). METHODS Five patients underwent SOC 90Y bremsstrahlung imaging immediately following routine radioembolization with 3.5 ± 1.7 GBq of 90Y-labeled glass microspheres. All patients also underwent dPET/CT imaging at 29 ± 11 h following radioembolization. Matched pairs comparison was used to compare image quality, image contrast and 90Y biodistribution between dPET/CT and bSPECT/CT images. Volumetric assessments of 90Y activity using different isocontour thresholds on dPET/CT and bSPECT/CT images were also compared. RESULTS Digital PET/CT consistently provided better visual image quality and 90Y-to-background image contrast while depicting 90Y biodistribution than bSPECT/CT. Isocontour volumetric assessment using a 1% threshold precisely outlined 90Y activity and the treatment volume on dPET/CT images, whereas a more restrictive 20% threshold on bSPECT/CT images was needed to obtain comparable treatment volumes. The use of a less restrictive 10% threshold isocontour on bSPECT/CT images grossly overestimated the treatment volume when compared with the 1% threshold on dPET/CT images. CONCLUSIONS Digital PET/CT is clinically feasible for the assessment of 90Y microsphere biodistribution following radioembolization, and provides better visual image quality and image contrast than routine bSPECT/CT with comparable acquisition times. With further optimization and clinical validation, dPET technology may allow faster and more accurate imaging-based assessment of 90Y microsphere biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadwick L Wright
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Avenue, Room 430, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Katherine Binzel
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Avenue, Room 430, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Avenue, Room 430, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Evan J Wuthrick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael V Knopp
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Avenue, Room 430, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Koopman D, Groot Koerkamp M, Jager PL, Arkies H, Knollema S, Slump CH, Sanches PG, van Dalen JA. Digital PET compliance to EARL accreditation specifications. EJNMMI Phys 2017; 4:9. [PMID: 28144857 PMCID: PMC5285289 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-017-0176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our aim was to evaluate if a recently introduced TOF PET system with digital photon counting technology (Philips Healthcare), potentially providing an improved image quality over analogue systems, can fulfil EANM research Ltd (EARL) accreditation specifications for tumour imaging with FDG-PET/CT. Findings We have performed a phantom study on a digital TOF PET system using a NEMA NU2-2001 image quality phantom with six fillable spheres. Phantom preparation and PET/CT acquisition were performed according to the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) guidelines. We made list-mode ordered-subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) TOF PET reconstructions, with default settings, three voxel sizes (4 × 4 × 4 mm3, 2 × 2 × 2 mm3 and 1 × 1 × 1 mm3) and with/without point spread function (PSF) modelling. On each PET dataset, mean and maximum activity concentration recovery coefficients (RCmean and RCmax) were calculated for all phantom spheres and compared to EARL accreditation specifications. The RCs of the 4 × 4 × 4 mm3 voxel dataset without PSF modelling proved closest to EARL specifications. Next, we added a Gaussian post-smoothing filter with varying kernel widths of 1–7 mm. EARL specifications were fulfilled when using kernel widths of 2 to 4 mm. Conclusions TOF PET using digital photon counting technology fulfils EARL accreditation specifications for FDG-PET/CT tumour imaging when using an OSEM reconstruction with 4 × 4 × 4 mm3 voxels, no PSF modelling and including a Gaussian post-smoothing filter of 2 to 4 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniëlle Koopman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, the Netherlands. .,MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
| | - Maureen Groot Koerkamp
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, the Netherlands.,MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter L Jager
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Hester Arkies
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Siert Knollema
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H Slump
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jorn A van Dalen
- Department of Medical Physics, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, the Netherlands
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Bisogni MG, Attili A, Battistoni G, Belcari N, Camarlinghi N, Cerello P, Coli S, Del Guerra A, Ferrari A, Ferrero V, Fiorina E, Giraudo G, Kostara E, Morrocchi M, Pennazio F, Peroni C, Piliero MA, Pirrone G, Rivetti A, Rolo MD, Rosso V, Sala P, Sportelli G, Wheadon R. INSIDE in-beam positron emission tomography system for particle range monitoring in hadrontherapy. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2016; 4:011005. [PMID: 27981069 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.4.1.011005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality assurance of particle therapy treatment is a fundamental issue that can be addressed by developing reliable monitoring techniques and indicators of the treatment plan correctness. Among the available imaging techniques, positron emission tomography (PET) has long been investigated and then clinically applied to proton and carbon beams. In 2013, the Innovative Solutions for Dosimetry in Hadrontherapy (INSIDE) collaboration proposed an innovative bimodal imaging concept that combines an in-beam PET scanner with a tracking system for charged particle imaging. This paper presents the general architecture of the INSIDE project but focuses on the in-beam PET scanner that has been designed to reconstruct the particles range with millimetric resolution within a fraction of the dose delivered in a treatment of head and neck tumors. The in-beam PET scanner has been recently installed at the Italian National Center of Oncologic Hadrontherapy (CNAO) in Pavia, Italy, and the commissioning phase has just started. The results of the first beam test with clinical proton beams on phantoms clearly show the capability of the in-beam PET to operate during the irradiation delivery and to reconstruct on-line the beam-induced activity map. The accuracy in the activity distal fall-off determination is millimetric for therapeutic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giuseppina Bisogni
- University of Pisa, Department of Physics, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Attili
- University of Torino, Department of Physics, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battistoni
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Belcari
- University of Pisa, Department of Physics, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Niccolo' Camarlinghi
- University of Pisa, Department of Physics, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Cerello
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Coli
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Del Guerra
- University of Pisa, Department of Physics, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alfredo Ferrari
- Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire CERN , CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - Veronica Ferrero
- University of Torino, Department of Physics, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Fiorina
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giraudo
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Eleftheria Kostara
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Morrocchi
- University of Pisa, Department of Physics, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Pennazio
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Cristiana Peroni
- University of Torino, Department of Physics, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Piliero
- University of Pisa, Department of Physics, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pirrone
- University of Pisa, Department of Physics, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Rivetti
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Manuel D Rolo
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Valeria Rosso
- University of Pisa, Department of Physics, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Sala
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Sportelli
- University of Pisa, Department of Physics, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Richard Wheadon
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare INFN , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125, Torino, Italy
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94
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ter Voert EEGW, Delso G, de Galiza Barbosa F, Huellner M, Veit-Haibach P. The Effect of Defective PET Detectors in Clinical Simultaneous [18F]FDG Time-of-Flight PET/MR Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 19:626-635. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-016-1023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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95
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Wright CL, Maly JJ, Zhang J, Knopp MV. Advancing Precision Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging for Lymphoma. PET Clin 2016; 12:63-82. [PMID: 27863567 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PET with fluorodeoxyglucose F 18 (18F FDG-PET) is a meaningful biomarker for the detection, targeted biopsy, and treatment of lymphoma. This article reviews the evolution of 18F FDG-PET as a putative biomarker for lymphoma and addresses the current capabilities, challenges, and opportunities to enable precision medicine practices for lymphoma. Precision nuclear medicine is driven by new imaging technologies and methodologies to more accurately detect malignant disease. Although quantitative assessment of response is limited, such technologies will enable a more precise metabolic mapping with much higher definition image detail and thus may make it a robust and valid quantitative response assessment methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadwick L Wright
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Division of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 West 12th Avenue, Room 430, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Joseph J Maly
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Starling Loving Hall 406C, 320 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Division of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 West 12th Avenue, Room 430, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael V Knopp
- Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Division of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 West 12th Avenue, Room 430, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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96
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de Galiza Barbosa F, Delso G, Ter Voert EEGW, Huellner MW, Herrmann K, Veit-Haibach P. Multi-technique hybrid imaging in PET/CT and PET/MR: what does the future hold? Clin Radiol 2016; 71:660-72. [PMID: 27108800 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Integrated positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) is one of the most important imaging techniques to have emerged in oncological practice in the last decade. Hybrid imaging, in general, remains a rapidly growing field, not only in developing countries, but also in western industrialised healthcare systems. A great deal of technological development and research is focused on improving hybrid imaging technology further and introducing new techniques, e.g., integrated PET and magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI). Additionally, there are several new PET tracers on the horizon, which have the potential to broaden clinical applications in hybrid imaging for diagnosis as well as therapy. This article aims to highlight some of the major technical and clinical advances that are currently taking place in PET/CT and PET/MRI that will potentially maintain the position of hybrid techniques at the forefront of medical imaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F de Galiza Barbosa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Delso
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA
| | - E E G W Ter Voert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M W Huellner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Herrmann
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher, Str. 6, Würzburg, Germany
| | - P Veit-Haibach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
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97
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Kist JW, de Keizer B, van der Vlies M, Brouwers AH, Huysmans DA, van der Zant FM, Hermsen R, Stokkel MP, Hoekstra OS, Vogel WV. 124I PET/CT to Predict the Outcome of Blind 131I Treatment in Patients with Biochemical Recurrence of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Results of a Multicenter Diagnostic Cohort Study (THYROPET). J Nucl Med 2015; 57:701-7. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.168138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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