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Lopera C, Zimpel R, Vieira-Neto A, Lopes F, Ortiz W, Poindexter M, Faria B, Gambarini M, Block E, Nelson C, Santos J. Effects of level of dietary cation-anion difference and duration of prepartum feeding on performance and metabolism of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:7907-7929. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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52
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Zimpel R, Poindexter M, Vieira-Neto A, Block E, Nelson C, Staples C, Thatcher W, Santos J. Effect of dietary cation-anion difference on acid-base status and dry matter intake in dry pregnant cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:8461-8475. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Rodney RM, Martinez NP, Celi P, Block E, Thomson PC, Wijffels G, Fraser DR, Santos JEP, Lean IJ. Associations between bone and energy metabolism in cows fed diets differing in level of dietary cation-anion difference and supplemented with cholecalciferol or calcidiol. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:6581-6601. [PMID: 29655559 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-14033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone-derived hormones play an important role in metabolism. This study examined the hypothesis that interactions between bone and energy metabolism, particularly those involving osteocalcin, are present in dairy cattle and have feedback mechanisms over time. Associations between metabolites in blood were examined in 32 Holstein cows blocked by parity and milk yield and randomly allocated to diets containing either 0.27 mg/kg dry matter (DM) calcidiol or cholecalciferol for an anticipated intake of 3 mg/d (120,000 IU/d) at 11 kg of DM, and positive (+130 mEq/kg DM) or negative (-130 mEq/kg DM) dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) from 252 d of gestation to calving. Blood was sampled every 3 d, from 9 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum, and plasma concentrations of vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, adiponectin, C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX1), glucose, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), insulin, undercarboxylated osteocalcin (uOC), and carboxylated osteocalcin (cOC) were determined. Feeding calcidiol compared with cholecalciferol increased plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 pre- (264.2 ± 8.0 vs. 61.3 ± 8.0 ng/mL) and postpartum (170.8 ± 6.2 vs. 51.3 ± 6.2 ng/mL) but decreased concentrations of vitamin D3 pre- (1.2 ± 0.6 vs. 14.5 ± 0.6 ng/mL) and postpartum (1.9 ± 0.4 vs. 3.2 ± 0.6 ng/mL). Prepartum, cows fed the negative DCAD diet had reduced concentrations of vitamin D3 and glucose compared with cows fed a positive DCAD. The combination of negative DCAD and cholecalciferol reduced IGF1 concentrations prepartum. The DCAD treatment had no effect on postpartum concentrations of metabolites. Nulliparous cows had increased concentrations of OC, CTX1, IGF1, glucose, and insulin compared with parous cows. Time series analysis identified associations between metabolites on the same day and over 3-d lags up to ±9 d that suggest feedback between 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and vitamin D3 in the negative lags, indicating that 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 may exert feedback on vitamin D3 but not vice versa. We found evidence of a feedback mechanism between vitamin D3 and IGF1, with positive effect size (ES) on the same day and 3 d later, and negative ES 9 d later, that was more evident in cholecalciferol-fed cows. This suggests an important role of IGF1 in integrating bone metabolism with energy and protein metabolic pathways. Evidence of feedback was found between uOC and particularly cOC with IGF1, with positive ES on the same day but negative ES 6 d before and 6 d after. An association between uOC or cOC and IGF1 has not been previously identified in cattle and suggests that both uOC and cOC may have marked biological activity. Associations between OC and insulin identified in mice were not observed herein, although associations between OC and glucose were similar to those between IGF1 and glucose, supporting associations between glucose, OC, and IGF1. We provide further statistical evidence of crosstalk between vitamin D compounds, bone hormones, and energy metabolism in cattle. In particular, associations between uOC or cOC and IGF1 may provide links between prepartum diets and observations of prolonged increases in milk production and allow better control of peripartum metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Rodney
- Scibus, Camden, New South Wales, Australia 2570; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia 2570
| | - N P Martinez
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - P Celi
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia 2570; DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, MD 21045
| | - E Block
- Arm & Hammer Animal Nutrition, Princeton, NJ 08543
| | - P C Thomson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia 2570
| | - G Wijffels
- CSIRO Agriculture, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4067
| | - D R Fraser
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia 2570
| | - J E P Santos
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - I J Lean
- Scibus, Camden, New South Wales, Australia 2570; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia 2570.
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55
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Slater CJ, Endres EL, Weaver SR, Cheng AA, Lauber MR, Endres SF, Olstad E, DeBruin A, Crump PM, Block E, Hernandez LL. Interaction of 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan and negative dietary cation-anion difference on calcium homeostasis in multiparous peripartum dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:5486-5501. [PMID: 29605319 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hypocalcemia affects almost 50% of all dairy cows. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that infusions of the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan (5-HTP) increase circulating calcium concentrations in the Holstein transition cow. It is unknown whether feeding a negative dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) diet alters the relationship between 5-HTP and hypocalcemia. The main objective of this study was to determine whether feeding a negative DCAD (-DCAD) diet before calving in conjunction with 5-HTP treatment could further diminish the magnitude of hypocalcemia at the time of calving. We used a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Thirty-one multiparous Holstein cows were fed either a positive (+13 mEq/100 g) or negative (-13 mEq/100 g) DCAD diet 21 d before parturition and were intravenously infused daily with saline or 5-HTP (1 mg/kg) starting 7 d before the estimated date of parturition. Cows were blocked by parity and were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: positive DCAD plus saline, positive DCAD plus 5-HTP, negative DCAD plus saline, and negative DCAD plus 5-HTP, resulting in n = 8 per group. Total calcium (tCa), ionized calcium (iCa), and feed intake were recorded. The iCa was elevated prepartum in the -DCAD/5-HTP group compared with the other treatment groups as well as on d 0 and 1 postpartum. Although differences in tCa were not significant across the pre- or postpartum periods, tCa was numerically higher on d 0 and significantly higher on d 1 in -DCAD/5-HTP cows compared with all other groups. Prepartum the -DCAD/5-HTP treatment group ate less than the other treatment groups; however, postpartum dry matter intake differences were not significant. These findings demonstrate that feeding a -DCAD diet in conjunction with 5-HTP prepartum can increase postpartum circulating iCa concentrations and therefore diminish the magnitude of hypocalcemia at the time of parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Slater
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - E L Endres
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - S R Weaver
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - A A Cheng
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - M R Lauber
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - S F Endres
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - E Olstad
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - A DeBruin
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - P M Crump
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706
| | - E Block
- Church and Dwight Co. Inc., Princeton, NJ 08453
| | - L L Hernandez
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
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