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Lin YC, Lin CH, Yeh YC, Ho HL, Wu YC, Chen MY, Chou TY. High O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase expression predicts poor survival in patients with early stage lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31032-31044. [PMID: 30123425 PMCID: PMC6089550 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell heterogeneity can make selection of appropriate interventions to lung cancer a challenge. Novel biomarkers predictive of disease risk and treatment response are needed to improve personalized treatment strategies. O-GlcNAcylation, the attachment of β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to serine or threonine residues of intracellular proteins, modulates protein functions and is implicated in cancer pathogenesis. O-GlcNAc-transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) catalyze O-GlcNAc addition and removal, respectively. We used immunohistochemistry to explore the utility of OGT, OGA, and O-GlcNAc as potential biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma. We found that high OGT expression is associated with poor overall survival (OS) in both stage I patients (P=0.032) and those at variable stages of disease (P=0.029), and with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS) in stage I patients (P=0.035). High OGT expression is also associated with poorer OS in patients with EGFR wild-type tumors at variable stages (P=0.038). Multivariate analysis indicated that OGT expression is an independent prognostic factor for RFS (HR 2.946, 95% CI: 1.411-6.150, P=0.004) and OS (HR 2.002, 95% CI: 1.183-3.391, P=0.010) in stage I patients. Our findings indicate OGT is a promising biomarker for further classifying early stage lung adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Yeh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ling Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Wu
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Ying Chou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
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52
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The Glycoscience of Immunity. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:523-535. [PMID: 29759949 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates, or glycans, are as integral to biology as nucleic acids and proteins. In immunology, glycans are well known to drive diverse functions ranging from glycosaminoglycan-mediated chemokine presentation and selectin-dependent leukocyte trafficking to the discrimination of self and non-self through the recognition of sialic acids by Siglec (sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin) receptors. In recent years, a number of key immunological discoveries are driving a renewed and burgeoning appreciation for the importance of glycans. In this review, we highlight these findings which collectively help to define and refine our knowledge of the function and impact of glycans within the immune response.
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53
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O-GlcNAc in cancer: An Oncometabolism-fueled vicious cycle. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2018; 50:155-173. [PMID: 29594839 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-018-9751-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit unregulated growth, altered metabolism, enhanced metastatic potential and altered cell surface glycans. Fueled by oncometabolism and elevated uptake of glucose and glutamine, the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) sustains glycosylation in the endomembrane system. In addition, the elevated pools of UDP-GlcNAc drives the O-GlcNAc modification of key targets in the cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondrion. These targets include transcription factors, kinases, key cytoplasmic enzymes of intermediary metabolism, and electron transport chain complexes. O-GlcNAcylation can thereby alter epigenetics, transcription, signaling, proteostasis, and bioenergetics, key 'hallmarks of cancer'. In this review, we summarize accumulating evidence that many cancer hallmarks are linked to dysregulation of O-GlcNAc cycling on cancer-relevant targets. We argue that onconutrient and oncometabolite-fueled elevation increases HBP flux and triggers O-GlcNAcylation of key regulatory enzymes in glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, pentose-phosphate pathway, and the HBP itself. The resulting rerouting of glucose metabolites leads to elevated O-GlcNAcylation of oncogenes and tumor suppressors further escalating elevation in HBP flux creating a 'vicious cycle'. Downstream, elevated O-GlcNAcylation alters DNA repair and cellular stress pathways which influence oncogenesis. The elevated steady-state levels of O-GlcNAcylated targets found in many cancers may also provide these cells with a selective advantage for sustained growth, enhanced metastatic potential, and immune evasion in the tumor microenvironment.
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54
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Mariappa D, Ferenbach AT, van Aalten DMF. Effects of hypo- O-GlcNAcylation on Drosophila development. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:7209-7221. [PMID: 29588363 PMCID: PMC5950000 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification of serine/threonine residues in nucleocytoplasmic proteins with GlcNAc (O-GlcNAcylation) is an essential regulatory mechanism in many cellular processes. In Drosophila, null mutants of the Polycomb gene O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT; also known as super sex combs (sxc)) display homeotic phenotypes. To dissect the requirement for O-GlcNAc signaling in Drosophila development, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to generate rationally designed sxc catalytically hypomorphic or null point mutants. Of the fertile males derived from embryos injected with the CRISPR/Cas9 reagents, 25% produced progeny carrying precise point mutations with no detectable off-target effects. One of these mutants, the catalytically inactive sxcK872M, was recessive lethal, whereas a second mutant, the hypomorphic sxcH537A, was homozygous viable. We observed that reduced total protein O-GlcNAcylation in the sxcH537A mutant is associated with a wing vein phenotype and temperature-dependent lethality. Genetic interaction between sxcH537A and a null allele of Drosophila host cell factor (dHcf), encoding an extensively O-GlcNAcylated transcriptional coactivator, resulted in abnormal scutellar bristle numbers. A similar phenotype was also observed in sxcH537A flies lacking a copy of skuld (skd), a Mediator complex gene known to affect scutellar bristle formation. Interestingly, this phenotype was independent of OGT Polycomb function or dHcf downstream targets. In conclusion, the generation of the endogenous OGT hypomorphic mutant sxcH537A enabled us to identify pleiotropic effects of globally reduced protein O-GlcNAc during Drosophila development. The mutants generated and phenotypes observed in this study provide a platform for discovery of OGT substrates that are critical for Drosophila development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mariappa
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrew T Ferenbach
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Daan M F van Aalten
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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55
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Tarbet HJ, Dolat L, Smith TJ, Condon BM, O'Brien ET, Valdivia RH, Boyce M. Site-specific glycosylation regulates the form and function of the intermediate filament cytoskeleton. eLife 2018. [PMID: 29513221 PMCID: PMC5841932 DOI: 10.7554/elife.31807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermediate filaments (IF) are a major component of the metazoan cytoskeleton and are essential for normal cell morphology, motility, and signal transduction. Dysregulation of IFs causes a wide range of human diseases, including skin disorders, cardiomyopathies, lipodystrophy, and neuropathy. Despite this pathophysiological significance, how cells regulate IF structure, dynamics, and function remains poorly understood. Here, we show that site-specific modification of the prototypical IF protein vimentin with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) mediates its homotypic protein-protein interactions and is required in human cells for IF morphology and cell migration. In addition, we show that the intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis, which remodels the host IF cytoskeleton during infection, requires specific vimentin glycosylation sites and O-GlcNAc transferase activity to maintain its replicative niche. Our results provide new insight into the biochemical and cell biological functions of vimentin O-GlcNAcylation, and may have broad implications for our understanding of the regulation of IF proteins in general. Like the body's skeleton, the cytoskeleton gives shape and structure to the inside of a cell. Yet, unlike a skeleton, the cytoskeleton is ever changing. The cytoskeleton consists of many fibers each made from chains of protein molecules. One of these proteins is called vimentin and it forms intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton. Many different types of cells contain vimentin and a lot of it is found in cancer cells that have spread beyond their original location to other sites in the body. Cells use chemical modifications to regulate cytoskeleton proteins. For example, through a process called glycosylation, cells can reversibly attach a sugar modification called O-GlcNAc to vimentin. O-GlcNAc can be attached to several different parts of vimentin and each location may have a different effect. It is not currently clear how cells control their vimentin filaments or what role O-GlcNAc plays in this process. Using genetic engineering, Tarbet et al. produced human cells in the laboratory with modified vimentin proteins. These altered proteins lacked some of the sites for O-GlcNAc attachment. The goal was to see whether the loss of O-GlcNAc at a specific location would affect fiber formation and cell behavior. The results showed one site where vimentin needs O-GlcNAc to form fibers. Without O-GlcNAc at this site, cells could not migrate towards chemical signals. In addition, in normal human cells, Chlamydia bacteria hijack vimentin and rearrange the filaments to form a cage around themselves for protection. However, the cells lacking O-GlcNAc on vimentin were resistant to infection by Chlamydia bacteria. These findings highlight the importance of O-GlcNAc on vimentin in healthy cells and during infection. Vimentin’s contribution to cell migration may also help to explain its role in the spread of cancer. The importance of O-GlcNAc suggests it could be a new target for therapies. Yet, it also highlights the need for caution due to the delicate balance between the activity of vimentin in healthy and diseased cells. In addition, human cells produce about 70 other vimentin-like proteins and further work will examine if they are also affected by O-GlcNAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Tarbet
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - Lee Dolat
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States.,Center for Host-Microbial Interactions, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - Timothy J Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - Brett M Condon
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - E Timothy O'Brien
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Raphael H Valdivia
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States.,Center for Host-Microbial Interactions, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - Michael Boyce
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States.,Center for Host-Microbial Interactions, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
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56
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Shi H, Munk A, Nielsen TS, Daughtry MR, Larsson L, Li S, Høyer KF, Geisler HW, Sulek K, Kjøbsted R, Fisher T, Andersen MM, Shen Z, Hansen UK, England EM, Cheng Z, Højlund K, Wojtaszewski JFP, Yang X, Hulver MW, Helm RF, Treebak JT, Gerrard DE. Skeletal muscle O-GlcNAc transferase is important for muscle energy homeostasis and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Mol Metab 2018. [PMID: 29525407 PMCID: PMC6001359 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Given that cellular O-GlcNAcylation levels are thought to be real-time measures of cellular nutrient status and dysregulated O-GlcNAc signaling is associated with insulin resistance, we evaluated the role of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), the enzyme that mediates O-GlcNAcylation, in skeletal muscle. Methods We assessed O-GlcNAcylation levels in skeletal muscle from obese, type 2 diabetic people, and we characterized muscle-specific OGT knockout (mKO) mice in metabolic cages and measured energy expenditure and substrate utilization pattern using indirect calorimetry. Whole body insulin sensitivity was assessed using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique and tissue-specific glucose uptake was subsequently evaluated. Tissues were used for histology, qPCR, Western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses. Results We found elevated levels of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins in obese, type 2 diabetic people compared with well-matched obese and lean controls. Muscle-specific OGT knockout mice were lean, and whole body energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity were increased in these mice, consistent with enhanced glucose uptake and elevated glycolytic enzyme activities in skeletal muscle. Moreover, enhanced glucose uptake was also observed in white adipose tissue that was browner than that of WT mice. Interestingly, mKO mice had elevated mRNA levels of Il15 in skeletal muscle and increased circulating IL-15 levels. We found that OGT in muscle mediates transcriptional repression of Il15 by O-GlcNAcylating Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2). Conclusions Elevated muscle O-GlcNAc levels paralleled insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in humans. Moreover, OGT-mediated signaling is necessary for proper skeletal muscle metabolism and whole-body energy homeostasis, and our data highlight O-GlcNAcylation as a potential target for ameliorating metabolic disorders. Type 2 diabetic humans have elevated O-GlcNAc levels in skeletal muscle. Knockout of OGT in muscle elevates whole body insulin sensitivity. Knockout of OGT in muscle increases resistance to diet-induced obesity. Muscle-specific OGT knockout mice have elevated plasma IL-15 levels. OGT in muscle controls Il15 expression by O-GlcNAcylation and inhibition of EZH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Alexander Munk
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Thomas S Nielsen
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Morgan R Daughtry
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Louise Larsson
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Shize Li
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Kasper F Høyer
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DK8000, Denmark
| | - Hannah W Geisler
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Karolina Sulek
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Kjøbsted
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2100, Denmark
| | - Taylor Fisher
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Marianne M Andersen
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Zhengxing Shen
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Ulrik K Hansen
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark
| | - Eric M England
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Zhiyong Cheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Kurt Højlund
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Section of Molecular Diabetes and Metabolism, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2100, Denmark
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Matthew W Hulver
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Virginia Tech Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Richard F Helm
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK2200, Denmark.
| | - David E Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Nagnan-Le Meillour P, Joly A, Le Danvic C, Marie A, Zirah S, Cornard JP. Binding Specificity of Native Odorant-Binding Protein Isoforms Is Driven by Phosphorylation and O-N-Acetylglucosaminylation in the Pig Sus scrofa. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:816. [PMID: 30740091 PMCID: PMC6355697 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Odorant-binding proteins (OBP) are secreted in the nasal mucus at the vicinity of olfactory receptors (ORs). They act, at least, as an interface between hydrophobic and volatile odorant molecules and the hydrophilic medium bathing the ORs. They have also been hypothesized to be part of the molecular coding of odors and pheromones, by forming specific complexes with odorant molecules that could ultimately stimulate ORs to trigger the olfactory transduction cascade. In a previous study, we have evidenced that pig olfactory secretome was composed of numerous olfactory binding protein isoforms, generated by O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation. In addition, we have shown that recombinant OBP (stricto sensu) produced in yeast is made up of a mixture of isoforms that differ in their phosphorylation pattern, which in turn determines binding specificity. Taking advantage of the high amount of OBP secreted by a single animal, we performed a similar study, under exactly the same experimental conditions, on native isoforms isolated from pig, Sus scrofa, nasal tissue. Four fractions were obtained by using strong anion exchange HPLC. Mapping of phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation sites by CID-nanoLC-MS/MS allowed unambiguous localization of phosphosites at S13 and T122 and HexNAc sites at S13 and S19. T112 or T115 could also be phosphorylated. BEMAD analysis suggested extra phosphosites located at S23, S24, S41, S49, S57, S67, and T71. Due to the very low stoichiometry of GlcNAc-peptides and phosphopeptides, these sites were identified on total mixture of OBP isoforms instead of HPLC-purified OBP isoforms. Nevertheless, binding properties of native OBP isoforms to specific ligands in S. scrofa were monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy. Recombinant phosphorylated OBP-Pichia isoforms bind steroids and fatty acids with slight differences. Native isoforms, that are phosphorylated but also O-GlcNAcylated show radically different binding affinities for the same compounds, which strongly suggests that O-GlcNAcylation increases the binding specificity of OBP isoforms. These findings extend the role of O-GlcNAc in regulating the function of proteins involved in many mechanisms of metabolic homeostasis, including extracellular signaling in olfaction. Data is available via ProteomeXChange with identifier PXD011371.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Nagnan-Le Meillour
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR8576, USC-UGSF INRA 1409, CNRS-Université de Lille, Lille, France
- *Correspondence: Patricia Nagnan-Le Meillour
| | - Alexandre Joly
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR8576, USC-UGSF INRA 1409, CNRS-Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Chrystelle Le Danvic
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR8576, USC-UGSF INRA 1409, CNRS-Université de Lille, Lille, France
- ALLICE R&D, Paris, France
| | - Arul Marie
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Zirah
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Cornard
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Infrarouge et Raman, UMR8516 CNRS-Université de Lille, Lille, France
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58
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Cox NJ, Luo PM, Smith TJ, Bisnett BJ, Soderblom EJ, Boyce M. A Novel Glycoproteomics Workflow Reveals Dynamic O-GlcNAcylation of COPγ1 as a Candidate Regulator of Protein Trafficking. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:606. [PMID: 30459710 PMCID: PMC6232944 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an abundant and essential intracellular form of protein glycosylation in animals and plants. In humans, dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation occurs in a wide range of diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. Since its discovery more than 30 years ago, great strides have been made in understanding central aspects of O-GlcNAc signaling, including identifying thousands of its substrates and characterizing the enzymes that govern it. However, while many O-GlcNAcylated proteins have been reported, only a small subset of these change their glycosylation status in response to a typical stimulus or stress. Identifying the functionally important O-GlcNAcylation changes in any given signaling context remains a significant challenge in the field. To address this need, we leveraged chemical biology and quantitative mass spectrometry methods to create a new glycoproteomics workflow for profiling stimulus-dependent changes in O-GlcNAcylated proteins. In proof-of-principle experiments, we used this new workflow to interrogate changes in O-GlcNAc substrates in mammalian protein trafficking pathways. Interestingly, our results revealed dynamic O-GlcNAcylation of COPγ1, an essential component of the coat protein I (COPI) complex that mediates Golgi protein trafficking. Moreover, we detected 11 O-GlcNAc moieties on COPγ1 and found that this modification is reduced by a model secretory stress that halts COPI trafficking. Our results suggest that O-GlcNAcylation may regulate the mammalian COPI system, analogous to its previously reported roles in other protein trafficking pathways. More broadly, our glycoproteomics workflow is applicable to myriad systems and stimuli, empowering future studies of O-GlcNAc in a host of biological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J. Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Peter M. Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Timothy J. Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Brittany J. Bisnett
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Erik J. Soderblom
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Michael Boyce
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Michael Boyce
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59
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Krick S, Helton ES, Hutcheson SB, Blumhof S, Garth JM, Denson RS, Zaharias RS, Wickham H, Barnes JW. FGF23 Induction of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Regulates IL-6 Secretion in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:708. [PMID: 30538676 PMCID: PMC6277595 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) generates the substrate for the O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of proteins. The HBP also serves as a stress sensor and has been reported to be involved with nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) activation, which can contribute to multiple cellular processes including cell metabolism, proliferation, and inflammation. In our previously published report, Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) 23, an important endocrine pro-inflammatory mediator, was shown to activate the FGFR4/phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ)/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling in chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here, we demonstrate that FGF23 increased the O-GlcNAc modification of proteins in HBECs. Furthermore, the increase in O-GlcNAc levels by FGF23 stimulation resulted in the downstream activation of NFAT and secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Conversely, inhibition of FGF23 signaling and/or O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT)/O-GlcNAc reversed these effects. Collectively, these data suggest that FGF23 induced IL-6 upregulation and secretion is, at least, partially mediated via the activation of the HBP and O-GlcNAc levels in HBECs. These findings identify a novel link whereby FGF23 and the augmentation of O-GlcNAc levels regulate airway inflammation through NFAT activation and IL-6 upregulation in HBECs. The crosstalk between these signaling pathways may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as COPD and CF as well as metabolic syndromes, including diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Krick
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Eric Scott Helton
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Samuel B. Hutcheson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Scott Blumhof
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jaleesa M. Garth
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Rebecca S. Denson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Hillel Connections Program, Bloom Hillel, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Rennan S. Zaharias
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Hannah Wickham
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Hillel Connections Program, Bloom Hillel, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Jarrod W. Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Jarrod W. Barnes
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60
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Bourré G, Cantrelle FX, Kamah A, Chambraud B, Landrieu I, Smet-Nocca C. Direct Crosstalk Between O-GlcNAcylation and Phosphorylation of Tau Protein Investigated by NMR Spectroscopy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:595. [PMID: 30386294 PMCID: PMC6198643 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of intraneuronal fibrillar inclusions of tau protein is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases referred to as tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease (AD). A common feature of these pathologies is hyperphosphorylation of tau, the main component of fibrillar assemblies such as Paired Helical Filaments (PHFs). O-β-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is another important posttranslational modification involved in regulation of tau pathophysiology. Among the benefits of O-GlcNAcylation, modulation of tau phosphorylation levels and inhibition of tau aggregation properties have been described while decreased O-GlcNAcylation could be involved in the raise of tau phosphorylation associated with AD. However, the molecular mechanisms at the basis of these observations remain to be defined. In this study, we identify by NMR spectroscopy O-GlcNAc sites in the longest isoform of tau and investigate the direct role of O-GlcNAcylation on tau phosphorylation and conversely, the role of phosphorylation on tau O-GlcNAcylation. We show here by a systematic examination of the quantitative modification patterns by NMR spectroscopy that O-GlcNAcylation does not modify phosphorylation of tau by the kinase activity of ERK2 or a rat brain extract while phosphorylation slightly increases tau O-GlcNAcylation by OGT. Our data suggest that indirect mechanisms act in the reciprocal regulation of tau phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation in vivo involving regulation of the enzymes responsible of phosphate and O-GlcNAc dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendoline Bourré
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | | | - Amina Kamah
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | | | - Isabelle Landrieu
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Caroline Smet-Nocca
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR8576, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
- *Correspondence: Caroline Smet-Nocca
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61
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Itkonen HM, Gorad SS, Duveau DY, Martin SES, Barkovskaya A, Bathen TF, Moestue SA, Mills IG. Inhibition of O-GlcNAc transferase activity reprograms prostate cancer cell metabolism. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12464-76. [PMID: 26824323 PMCID: PMC4914298 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic networks are highly connected and complex, but a single enzyme, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) can sense the availability of metabolites and also modify target proteins. We show that inhibition of OGT activity inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, leads to sustained loss of c-MYC and suppresses the expression of CDK1, elevated expression of which predicts prostate cancer recurrence (p=0.00179). Metabolic profiling revealed decreased glucose consumption and lactate production after OGT inhibition. This decreased glycolytic activity specifically sensitized prostate cancer cells, but not cells representing normal prostate epithelium, to inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation (rotenone and metformin). Intra-cellular alanine was depleted upon OGT inhibitor treatment. OGT inhibitor increased the expression and activity of alanine aminotransferase (GPT2), an enzyme that can be targeted with a clinically approved drug, cycloserine. Simultaneous inhibition of OGT and GPT2 inhibited cell viability and growth rate, and additionally activated a cell death response. These combinatorial effects were predominantly seen in prostate cancer cells, but not in a cell-line derived from normal prostate epithelium. Combinatorial treatments were confirmed with two inhibitors against both OGT and GPT2. Taken together, here we report the reprogramming of energy metabolism upon inhibition of OGT activity, and identify synergistically lethal combinations that are prostate cancer cell specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harri M Itkonen
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine (Norway), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospitals, Gaustadalleen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Saurabh S Gorad
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.,St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Damien Y Duveau
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sara E S Martin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna Barkovskaya
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Radium hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tone F Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siver A Moestue
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.,St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ian G Mills
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine (Norway), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospitals, Gaustadalleen, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Oslo University Hospitals, Oslo, Norway.,PCUK/Movember Centre of Excellence for Prostate Cancer Research, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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62
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Cox NJ, Unlu G, Bisnett BJ, Meister TR, Condon BM, Luo PM, Smith TJ, Hanna M, Chhetri A, Soderblom EJ, Audhya A, Knapik EW, Boyce M. Dynamic Glycosylation Governs the Vertebrate COPII Protein Trafficking Pathway. Biochemistry 2017; 57:91-107. [PMID: 29161034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COPII coat complex, which mediates secretory cargo trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum, is a key control point for subcellular protein targeting. Because misdirected proteins cannot function, protein sorting by COPII is critical for establishing and maintaining normal cell and tissue homeostasis. Indeed, mutations in COPII genes cause a range of human pathologies, including cranio-lenticulo-sutural dysplasia (CLSD), which is characterized by collagen trafficking defects, craniofacial abnormalities, and skeletal dysmorphology. Detailed knowledge of the COPII pathway is required to understand its role in normal cell physiology and to devise new treatments for disorders in which it is disrupted. However, little is known about how vertebrates dynamically regulate COPII activity in response to developmental, metabolic, or pathological cues. Several COPII proteins are modified by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a dynamic form of intracellular protein glycosylation, but the biochemical and functional effects of these modifications remain unclear. Here, we use a combination of chemical, biochemical, cellular, and genetic approaches to demonstrate that site-specific O-GlcNAcylation of COPII proteins mediates their protein-protein interactions and modulates cargo secretion. In particular, we show that individual O-GlcNAcylation sites of SEC23A, an essential COPII component, are required for its function in human cells and vertebrate development, because mutation of these sites impairs SEC23A-dependent in vivo collagen trafficking and skeletogenesis in a zebrafish model of CLSD. Our results indicate that O-GlcNAc is a conserved and critical regulatory modification in the vertebrate COPII-dependent trafficking pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gokhan Unlu
- Departments of Medicine and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Hanna
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | | | - Erik J Soderblom
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Anjon Audhya
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ela W Knapik
- Departments of Medicine and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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63
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Tarbet HJ, Toleman CA, Boyce M. A Sweet Embrace: Control of Protein-Protein Interactions by O-Linked β-N-Acetylglucosamine. Biochemistry 2017; 57:13-21. [PMID: 29099585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
O-Linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a critical post-translational modification (PTM) of thousands of intracellular proteins. Reversible O-GlcNAcylation governs many aspects of cell physiology and is dysregulated in numerous human diseases. Despite this broad pathophysiological significance, major aspects of O-GlcNAc signaling remain poorly understood, including the biochemical mechanisms through which O-GlcNAc transduces information. Recent work from many laboratories, including our own, has revealed that O-GlcNAc, like other intracellular PTMs, can control its substrates' functions by inhibiting or inducing protein-protein interactions. This dynamic regulation of multiprotein complexes exerts diverse downstream signaling effects in a range of processes, cell types, and organisms. Here, we review the literature about O-GlcNAc-regulated protein-protein interactions and suggest important questions for future studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Tarbet
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Clifford A Toleman
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Michael Boyce
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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64
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Carvalho-Cruz P, Alisson-Silva F, Todeschini AR, Dias WB. Cellular glycosylation senses metabolic changes and modulates cell plasticity during epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Dev Dyn 2017; 247:481-491. [PMID: 28722313 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental program reactivated by tumor cells that leads to the switch from epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype. During EMT, cells are transcriptionally regulated to decrease E-cadherin expression while expressing mesenchymal markers such as vimentin, fibronectin, and N-cadherin. Growing body of evidences suggest that cells engaged in EMT undergo a metabolic reprograming process, redirecting glucose flux toward hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), which fuels aberrant glycosylation patterns that are extensively observed in cancer cells. HBP depends on nutrient availability to produce its end product UDP-GlcNAc, and for this reason is considered a metabolic sensor pathway. UDP-GlcNAc is the substrate used for the synthesis of major types of glycosylation, including O-GlcNAc and cell surface glycans. In general, the rate limiting enzyme of HBP, GFAT, is overexpressed in many cancer types that present EMT features as well as aberrant glycosylation. Moreover, altered levels of O-GlcNAcylation can modulate cell morphology and favor EMT. In this review, we summarize some of the current knowledge that correlates glucose metabolism, aberrant glycosylation and hyper O-GlcNAcylation supported by HBP that leads to EMT activation. Developmental Dynamics 247:481-491, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Carvalho-Cruz
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Frederico Alisson-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriane R Todeschini
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wagner B Dias
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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65
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Tan EP, McGreal SR, Graw S, Tessman R, Koppel SJ, Dhakal P, Zhang Z, Machacek M, Zachara NE, Koestler DC, Peterson KR, Thyfault JP, Swerdlow RH, Krishnamurthy P, DiTacchio L, Apte U, Slawson C. Sustained O-GlcNAcylation reprograms mitochondrial function to regulate energy metabolism. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:14940-14962. [PMID: 28739801 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.797944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional mitochondria and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote chronic diseases, which have spurred interest in the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions. Previously, we have demonstrated that disruption of post-translational modification of proteins with β-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) via overexpression of the O-GlcNAc-regulating enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) or O-GlcNAcase (OGA) impairs mitochondrial function. Here, we report that sustained alterations in O-GlcNAcylation either by pharmacological or genetic manipulation also alter metabolic function. Sustained O-GlcNAc elevation in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells increased OGA expression and reduced cellular respiration and ROS generation. Cells with elevated O-GlcNAc levels had elongated mitochondria and increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and RNA-sequencing analysis indicated transcriptome reprogramming and down-regulation of the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response. Sustained O-GlcNAcylation in mouse brain and liver validated the metabolic phenotypes observed in the cells, and OGT knockdown in the liver elevated ROS levels, impaired respiration, and increased the NRF2 antioxidant response. Moreover, elevated O-GlcNAc levels promoted weight loss and lowered respiration in mice and skewed the mice toward carbohydrate-dependent metabolism as determined by indirect calorimetry. In summary, sustained elevation in O-GlcNAcylation coupled with increased OGA expression reprograms energy metabolism, a finding that has potential implications for the etiology, development, and management of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee Phie Tan
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhen Zhang
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Miranda Machacek
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
| | - Natasha E Zachara
- the Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | | | | | | | - Russell H Swerdlow
- Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center and.,University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Kansas City, Kansas 64108 and
| | - Partha Krishnamurthy
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics.,University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Kansas City, Kansas 64108 and
| | | | | | - Chad Slawson
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, .,University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Kansas City, Kansas 64108 and
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66
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Wani WY, Ouyang X, Benavides GA, Redmann M, Cofield SS, Shacka JJ, Chatham JC, Darley-Usmar V, Zhang J. O-GlcNAc regulation of autophagy and α-synuclein homeostasis; implications for Parkinson's disease. Mol Brain 2017; 10:32. [PMID: 28724388 PMCID: PMC5517830 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-017-0311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification on protein Ser/Thr residues by O-linked attachment of ß-N-acetyl-glucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is a key mechanism integrating redox signaling, metabolism and stress responses. One of the most common neurodegenerative diseases that exhibit aberrant redox signaling, metabolism and stress response is Parkinson’s disease, suggesting a potential role for O-GlcNAcylation in its pathology. To determine whether abnormal O-GlcNAcylation occurs in Parkinson’s disease, we analyzed lysates from the postmortem temporal cortex of Parkinson’s disease patients and compared them to age matched controls and found increased protein O-GlcNAcylation levels. To determine whether increased O-GlcNAcylation affects neuronal function and survival, we exposed rat primary cortical neurons to thiamet G, a highly selective inhibitor of the enzyme which removes the O-GlcNAc modification from target proteins, O-GlcNAcase (OGA). We found that inhibition of OGA by thiamet G at nanomolar concentrations significantly increased protein O-GlcNAcylation, activated MTOR, decreased autophagic flux, and increased α-synuclein accumulation, while sparing proteasomal activities. Inhibition of MTOR by rapamycin decreased basal levels of protein O-GlcNAcylation, decreased AKT activation and partially reversed the effect of thiamet G on α-synuclein monomer accumulation. Taken together we have provided evidence that excessive O-GlcNAcylation is detrimental to neurons by inhibition of autophagy and by increasing α-synuclein accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willayat Y Wani
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0017, USA
| | - Xiaosen Ouyang
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0017, USA
| | - Gloria A Benavides
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0017, USA
| | - Matthew Redmann
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0017, USA
| | - Stacey S Cofield
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0022, USA
| | - John J Shacka
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0019, USA.,Birmingham VA Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0017, USA
| | - John C Chatham
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0017, USA
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0017, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0017, USA. .,Birmingham VA Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0017, USA.
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67
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Olivier-Van Stichelen S, Wang P, Comly M, Love DC, Hanover JA. Nutrient-driven O-linked N-acetylglucosamine ( O-GlcNAc) cycling impacts neurodevelopmental timing and metabolism. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:6076-6085. [PMID: 28246173 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.774042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient-driven O-GlcNAcylation is strikingly abundant in the brain and has been linked to development and neurodegenerative disease. We selectively targeted the O-GlcNAcase (Oga) gene in the mouse brain to define the role of O-GlcNAc cycling in the central nervous system. Brain knockout animals exhibited dramatically increased brain O-GlcNAc levels and pleiotropic phenotypes, including early-onset obesity, growth defects, and metabolic dysregulation. Anatomical defects in the Oga knockout included delayed brain differentiation and neurogenesis as well as abnormal proliferation accompanying a developmental delay. The molecular basis for these defects included transcriptional changes accompanying differentiating embryonic stem cells. In Oga KO mouse ES cells, we observed pronounced changes in expression of pluripotency markers, including Sox2, Nanog, and Otx2. These findings link the O-GlcNAc modification to mammalian neurogenesis and highlight the role of this nutrient-sensing pathway in developmental plasticity and metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Wang
- From the Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Marcy Comly
- From the Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Dona C Love
- From the Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - John A Hanover
- From the Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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68
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Ma J, Hart GW. Analysis of Protein O-GlcNAcylation by Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 87:24.10.1-24.10.16. [PMID: 28150883 DOI: 10.1002/cpps.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
O-linked β-D-N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) addition (O-GlcNAcylation), a post-translational modification of serine/threonine residues of proteins, is involved in diverse cellular metabolic and signaling pathways. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation underlies the initiation and progression of multiple chronic diseases including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Numerous methods have been developed for the analysis of protein O-GlcNAcylation, but instead of discussing the classical biochemical techniques, this unit covers O-GlcNAc characterization by combining several enrichment methods and mass spectrometry detection techniques [including collision-induced dissociation (CID), higher energy collision dissociation (HCD), and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) mass spectrometry]. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Ma
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gerald W Hart
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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69
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Karlsson NG, Jin C, Rojas-Macias MA, Adamczyk B. Next Generation O-Linked Glycomics. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2017. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1602.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niclas G. Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
| | - Miguel A. Rojas-Macias
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
| | - Barbara Adamczyk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
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70
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Abstract
Simple and complex carbohydrates (glycans) have long been known to play major metabolic, structural and physical roles in biological systems. Targeted microbial binding to host glycans has also been studied for decades. But such biological roles can only explain some of the remarkable complexity and organismal diversity of glycans in nature. Reviewing the subject about two decades ago, one could find very few clear-cut instances of glycan-recognition-specific biological roles of glycans that were of intrinsic value to the organism expressing them. In striking contrast there is now a profusion of examples, such that this updated review cannot be comprehensive. Instead, a historical overview is presented, broad principles outlined and a few examples cited, representing diverse types of roles, mediated by various glycan classes, in different evolutionary lineages. What remains unchanged is the fact that while all theories regarding biological roles of glycans are supported by compelling evidence, exceptions to each can be found. In retrospect, this is not surprising. Complex and diverse glycans appear to be ubiquitous to all cells in nature, and essential to all life forms. Thus, >3 billion years of evolution consistently generated organisms that use these molecules for many key biological roles, even while sometimes coopting them for minor functions. In this respect, glycans are no different from other major macromolecular building blocks of life (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids), simply more rapidly evolving and complex. It is time for the diverse functional roles of glycans to be fully incorporated into the mainstream of biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Varki
- Departments of Medicine and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0687, USA
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71
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Catabolism of N-glycoproteins in mammalian cells: Molecular mechanisms and genetic disorders related to the processes. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 51:89-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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72
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Maynard JC, Burlingame AL, Medzihradszky KF. Cysteine S-linked N-acetylglucosamine (S-GlcNAcylation), A New Post-translational Modification in Mammals. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:3405-3411. [PMID: 27558639 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.061549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular GlcNAcylation of Ser and Thr residues is a well-known and widely investigated post-translational modification. This post-translational modification has been shown to play a significant role in cell signaling and in many regulatory processes within cells. O-GlcNAc transferase is the enzyme responsible for glycosylating cytosolic and nuclear proteins with a single GlcNAc residue on Ser and Thr side-chains. Here we report that the same enzyme may also be responsible for S-GlcNAcylation, i.e. for linking the GlcNAc unit to the peptide by modifying a cysteine side-chain. We also report that O-GlcNAcase, the enzyme responsible for removal of O-GlcNAcylation does not appear to remove the S-linked sugar. Such Cys modifications have been detected and identified in mouse and rat samples. This work has established the occurrence of 14 modification sites assigned to 11 proteins unambiguously. We have also identified S-GlcNAcylation from human Host Cell Factor 1 isolated from HEK-cells. Although these site assignments are primarily based on electron-transfer dissociation mass spectra, we also report that S-linked GlcNAc is more stable under collisional activation than O-linked GlcNAc derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Maynard
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street Genentech Hall, N472, Box 2240, San Francisco, California 94158-2517
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street Genentech Hall, N472, Box 2240, San Francisco, California 94158-2517
| | - Katalin F Medzihradszky
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street Genentech Hall, N472, Box 2240, San Francisco, California 94158-2517
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73
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Wu Z, Jiang K, Zhu H, Ma C, Yu Z, Li L, Guan W, Liu Y, Zhu H, Chen Y, Li S, Li J, Cheng J, Zhang L, Wang PG. Site-Directed Glycosylation of Peptide/Protein with Homogeneous O-Linked Eukaryotic N-Glycans. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1972-5. [PMID: 27529638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a facile and efficient method for site-directed glycosylation of peptide/protein. The method contains two sequential steps: generation of a GlcNAc-O-peptide/protein, and subsequent ligation of a eukaryotic N-glycan to the GlcNAc moiety. A pharmaceutical peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and a model protein, bovine α-Crystallin, were successfully glycosylated using such an approach. It was shown that the GLP-1 with O-linked N-glycan maintained an unchanged secondary structure after glycosylation, suggesting the potential application of this approach for peptide/protein drug production. In summary, the coupled approach provides a general strategy to produce homogeneous glycopeptide/glycoprotein bearing eukaryotic N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Kuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China.,Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Zaikuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Wanyi Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States.,College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Yanyi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China.,Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jiansong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Lianwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Peng George Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University , Tianjin 300353, China.,Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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74
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Fahie K, Zachara NE. Molecular Functions of Glycoconjugates in Autophagy. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:3305-3324. [PMID: 27345664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates, glycans, carbohydrates, and sugars: these terms encompass a class of biomolecules that are diverse in both form and function ranging from free oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans, to glycolipids that make up a complex glycan code that impacts normal physiology and disease. Recent data suggest that one mechanism by which glycoconjugates impact physiology is through the regulation of the process of autophagy. Autophagy is a degradative pathway necessary for differentiation, organism development, and the maintenance of cell and tissue homeostasis. In this review, we will highlight what is known about the regulation of autophagy by glycoconjugates focusing on signaling mechanisms from the extracellular surface and the regulatory roles of intracellular glycans. Glycan signaling from the extracellular matrix converges on "master" regulators of autophagy including AMPK and mTORC1, thus impacting their localization, activity, and/or expression. Within the intracellular milieu, gangliosides are constituents of the autophagosome membrane, a subset of proteins composing the autophagic machinery are regulated by glycosylation, and oligosaccharide exposure in the cytosol triggers an autophagic response. The examples discussed provide some mechanistic insights into glycan regulation of autophagy and reveal areas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamau Fahie
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205-2185, USA
| | - Natasha E Zachara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205-2185, USA.
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75
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Zhang Z, Costa FC, Tan EP, Bushue N, DiTacchio L, Costello CE, McComb ME, Whelan SA, Peterson KR, Slawson C. O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) Transferase and O-GlcNAcase Interact with Mi2β Protein at the Aγ-Globin Promoter. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:15628-40. [PMID: 27231347 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.721928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
One mode of γ-globin gene silencing involves a GATA-1·FOG-1·Mi2β repressor complex that binds to the -566 GATA site relative to the (A)γ-globin gene cap site. However, the mechanism of how this repressor complex is assembled at the -566 GATA site is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) processing enzymes, O-GlcNAc-transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), interact with the (A)γ-globin promoter at the -566 GATA repressor site; however, mutation of the GATA site to GAGA significantly reduces OGT and OGA promoter interactions in β-globin locus yeast artificial chromosome (β-YAC) bone marrow cells. When WT β-YAC bone marrow cells are treated with the OGA inhibitor Thiamet-G, the occupancy of OGT, OGA, and Mi2β at the (A)γ-globin promoter is increased. In addition, OGT and Mi2β recruitment is increased at the (A)γ-globin promoter when γ-globin becomes repressed in postconception day E18 human β-YAC transgenic mouse fetal liver. Furthermore, we show that Mi2β is modified with O-GlcNAc, and both OGT and OGA interact with Mi2β, GATA-1, and FOG-1. Taken together, our data suggest that O-GlcNAcylation is a novel mechanism of γ-globin gene regulation mediated by modulating the assembly of the GATA-1·FOG-1·Mi2β repressor complex at the -566 GATA motif within the promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | | | - Ee Phie Tan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Nathan Bushue
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | | | - Catherine E Costello
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, and
| | - Mark E McComb
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, and
| | - Stephen A Whelan
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, and
| | - Kenneth R Peterson
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Cancer Center, Institute for Reproductive Health and Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Chad Slawson
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Institute for Reproductive Health and Regenerative Medicine, and Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160,
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76
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Gagnon J, Daou S, Zamorano N, Iannantuono NVG, Hammond-Martel I, Mashtalir N, Bonneil E, Wurtele H, Thibault P, Affar EB. Undetectable histone O-GlcNAcylation in mammalian cells. Epigenetics 2016; 10:677-91. [PMID: 26075789 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1060387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification catalyzed by the O-Linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) and reversed by O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Numerous transcriptional regulators, including chromatin modifying enzymes, transcription factors, and co-factors, are targeted by O-GlcNAcylation, indicating that this modification is central for chromatin-associated processes. Recently, OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation was reported to be a novel histone modification, suggesting a potential role in directly coordinating chromatin structure and function. In contrast, using multiple biochemical approaches, we report here that histone O-GlcNAcylation is undetectable in mammalian cells. Conversely, O-GlcNAcylation of the transcription regulators Host Cell Factor-1 (HCF-1) and Ten-Eleven Translocation protein 2 (TET2) could be readily observed. Our study raises questions on the occurrence and abundance of O-GlcNAcylation as a histone modification in mammalian cells and reveals technical complications regarding the detection of genuine protein O-GlcNAcylation. Therefore, the identification of the specific contexts in which histone O-GlcNAcylation might occur is still to be established.
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Key Words
- Chromatin
- Epigenetics
- H2B K120ub, Histone H2B lysine 120 monoubiquitination
- H2B S112 O-GlcNAc, Histone H2B serine 112 O-GlcNAc
- HCF-1
- HCF-1, Host Cell Factor-1
- Histone
- O-GlcNAc
- O-GlcNAc, O-Linked N-acetylglucosamine
- O-GlcNAcylation
- OGA, O-GlcNAcase
- OGT
- OGT, O-Linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase
- PUGNAc, O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucopyranosylidene) amino N-phenylcarbamate
- Polycomb
- TET2
- TET2, Ten-Eleven Translocation protein 2
- UDP-GlcNAc, Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine
- WGA, Wheat Germ Agglutinin.
- posttranslational modification
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gagnon
- a Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center and Department of Medicine; University of Montréal ; Montréal, Québec , Canada
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77
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Zheng H, Wu J, Jin Z, Yan LJ. Protein Modifications as Manifestations of Hyperglycemic Glucotoxicity in Diabetes and Its Complications. BIOCHEMISTRY INSIGHTS 2016; 9:1-9. [PMID: 27042090 PMCID: PMC4807886 DOI: 10.4137/bci.s36141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and its complications are hyperglycemic toxicity diseases. Many metabolic pathways in this array of diseases become aberrant, which is accompanied with a variety of posttranslational protein modifications that in turn reflect diabetic glucotoxicity. In this review, we summarize some of the most widely studied protein modifications in diabetes and its complications. These modifications include glycation, carbonylation, nitration, cysteine S-nitrosylation, acetylation, sumoylation, ADP-ribosylation, O-GlcNAcylation, and succination. All these posttranslational modifications can be significantly attributed to oxidative stress and/or carbon stress induced by diabetic redox imbalance that is driven by activation of pathways, such as the polyol pathway and the ADP-ribosylation pathway. Exploring the nature of these modifications should facilitate our understanding of the pathological mechanisms of diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.; Department of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinzi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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78
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Cekic N, Heinonen JE, Stubbs KA, Roth C, He Y, Bennet AJ, McEachern EJ, Davies GJ, Vocadlo DJ. Analysis of transition state mimicry by tight binding aminothiazoline inhibitors provides insight into catalysis by human O-GlcNAcase. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3742-3750. [PMID: 29997861 PMCID: PMC6008586 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00370b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
2′-Aminothiazoline inhibitors of human OGA are tight binding transition state mimics for which binding depends on inhibitor pKa.
The modification of nucleocytoplasmic proteins with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) plays diverse roles in multicellular organisms. Inhibitors of O-GlcNAc hydrolase (OGA), the enzyme that removes O-GlcNAc from proteins, lead to increased O-GlcNAc levels in cells and are seeing widespread adoption in the field as a research tool used in cells and in vivo. Here we synthesize and study a series of tight binding carbohydrate-based inhibitors of human OGA (hOGA). The most potent of these 2′-aminothiazolines binds with a sub-nanomolar Ki value to hOGA (510 ± 50 pM) and the most selective has greater than 1 800 000-fold selectivity for hOGA over mechanistically related human lysosomal β-hexosaminidase. Structural data of inhibitors in complex with an hOGA homologue reveals the basis for variation in binding among these compounds. Using linear free energy analyses, we show binding of these 2′-aminothiazoline inhibitors depends on the pKa of the aminothiazoline ring system, revealing the protonation state of the inhibitor is a key driver of binding. Using series of inhibitors and synthetic substrates, we show that 2′-aminothiazoline inhibitors are transition state analogues of hOGA that bind to the enzyme up to 1-million fold more tightly than the substrate. These collective data support an oxazoline, rather than a protonated oxazolinium ion, intermediate being formed along the reaction pathway. Inhibitors from this series will prove generally useful tools for the study of O-GlcNAc. The new insights gained here, into the catalytic mechanism of hOGA and the fundamental drivers of potency and selectivity of OGA inhibitors, should enable tuning of hOGA inhibitors with desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cekic
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada .
| | - J E Heinonen
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada .
| | - K A Stubbs
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada . .,School of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Western Australia (M313) , 35 Stirling Highway , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia
| | - C Roth
- York Structural Biology Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , The University of York , YO10 5DD , UK
| | - Y He
- York Structural Biology Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , The University of York , YO10 5DD , UK
| | - A J Bennet
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada .
| | - E J McEachern
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada .
| | - G J Davies
- York Structural Biology Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , The University of York , YO10 5DD , UK
| | - D J Vocadlo
- Department of Chemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada . .,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry , Simon Fraser University , Burnaby , British Columbia V5A 1S6 , Canada
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79
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Kodiha M, Mahboubi H, Maysinger D, Stochaj U. Gold Nanoparticles Impinge on Nucleoli and the Stress Response in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2016; 3:3. [PMID: 29942378 PMCID: PMC5998265 DOI: 10.5772/62337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can take up gold nanoparticles of different morphologies. These particles interact with the plasma membrane and often travel to intracellular organelles. Among organelles, the nucleus is especially susceptible to the damage that is inflicted by gold nanoparticles. Located inside the nucleus, nucleoli are specialized compartments that transcribe ribosomal RNA genes, produce ribosomes and function as cellular stress sensors. Nucleoli are particularly prone to gold nanoparticle-induced injury. As such, small spherical gold nanoparticles and gold nanoflowers interfere with the transcription of ribosomal DNA. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the effects of gold nanoparticles on nucleolar proteins that are critical to ribosome biogenesis and other cellular functions. We show that B23/nucleophosmin, a nucleolar protein that is tightly linked to cancer, is significantly affected by gold nanoparticles. Furthermore, gold nanoparticles impinge on the cellular stress response, as they reduce the abundance of the molecular chaperone hsp70 and O-GlcNAc modified proteins in the nucleus and nucleoli. Together, our studies set the stage for the development of nanomedicines that target the nucleolus to eradicate proliferating cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kodiha
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hicham Mahboubi
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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80
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Semba RD, Lam M, Sun K, Zhang P, Schaumberg DA, Ferrucci L, Ping P, Van Eyk JE. Priorities and trends in the study of proteins in eye research, 1924-2014. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:1105-22. [PMID: 26123431 PMCID: PMC4695326 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the proteins that are relevant to eye research and develop assays for the study of a set of these proteins. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We conducted a bibliometric analysis by merging gene lists for human and mouse from the National Center for Biotechnology Information FTP site and combining them with PubMed references that were retrieved with the search terms "eye" [MeSH Terms] OR "eye" [All Fields] OR "eyes" [All Fields]. RESULTS For human and mouse eye studies, respectively, the total number of publications was 13,525 and 23,895 and the total number of proteins was 4050 and 4717. For proteins in human and mouse eye studies, respectively, 88.7 and 81.7% had five or fewer citations. The top 50 most intensively studied proteins for human and mouse eye studies were generally in the areas of photoreceptors and phototransduction, inflammation, and angiogenesis, neurodevelopment, lens transparency, and cell-cycle and cellular processes. We proposed selected reaction monitoring assays that were developed in silico for the top fifty most intensively studied proteins in human and mouse eye research. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE We conclude that scientists engaged in eye research tend to focus on the same proteins. Newer resources and tools in proteomics can expand the investigations to lesser-known proteins of the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D. Semba
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Maggie Lam
- Cardiac Proteomics and Signaling Laboratory, Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kai Sun
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Pingbo Zhang
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Debra A. Schaumberg
- Center for Translational Medicine, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peipei Ping
- Cardiac Proteomics and Signaling Laboratory, Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jennifer E. Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical BioSystems Research Institute, The Heart Institute and Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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81
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Springer SA, Gagneux P. Glycomics: revealing the dynamic ecology and evolution of sugar molecules. J Proteomics 2015; 135:90-100. [PMID: 26626628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are the most functionally and structurally diverse molecules in the biological world. Glycan structures range from tiny single monosaccharide units to giant chains thousands of units long. Some glycans are branched, their monosaccharides linked together in many different combinations and orientations. Some exist as solitary molecules; others are conjugated to proteins and lipids and alter their collective functional properties. In addition to structural and storage roles, glycan molecules participate in and actively regulate physiological and developmental processes. Glycans also mediate cellular interactions within and between individuals. Their roles in ecology and evolution are pivotal, but not well studied because glycan biochemistry requires different methods than standard molecular biology practice. The properties of glycans are in some ways convenient, and in others challenging. Glycans vary on organismal timescales, and in direct response to physiological and ecological conditions. Their mature structures are physical records of both genetic and environmental influences during maturation. We describe the scope of natural glycan variation and discuss how studying glycans will allow researchers to further integrate the fields of ecology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stevan A Springer
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA.
| | - Pascal Gagneux
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA.
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82
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Park JH, Lee JE, Moon PG, Baek MC. PUGNAc induces protein ubiquitination in C2C12 myotube cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2015; 33:525-33. [PMID: 26531776 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) regulates many cellular processes including the cell cycle, cell signaling, and protein trafficking. Dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation may be involved in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is necessary to identify cellular proteins that are induced by elevated O-GlcNAcylation. Here, using adenosine 5'-triphosphate affinity chromatography, we employed a proteomic approach in order to identify differentially expressed proteins in response to treatment with the O-GlcNAcase inhibitor, O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosylidene)amino-N-phenylcarbamate (PUGNAc), in mouse C2C12 myotube cells. Among 205 selected genes, we identified 68 nucleotide-binding proteins, 14 proteins that have adenosinetriphosphatase activity, and 10 proteins with ligase activity. Upregulation of proteins, including ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1, proteasome subunit 20S, cullin-associated NEDD8-dissociated protein 1, ezrin, and downregulation of the protein nucleoside diphosphate kinase B, were confirmed by western blot analysis. In particular, we found that the protein ubiquitination level in C2C12 cells was increased by PUGNAc treatment. This is the first report of quantitative proteomic profiles of myotube cells after treatment with PUGNAc, and our results demonstrate the potential to enhance understanding of the relationship between insulin resistance, O-GlcNAc, and PUGNAc in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Hye Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyong-Gon Moon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Chang Baek
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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83
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Rønningen T, Shah A, Oldenburg AR, Vekterud K, Delbarre E, Moskaug JØ, Collas P. Prepatterning of differentiation-driven nuclear lamin A/C-associated chromatin domains by GlcNAcylated histone H2B. Genome Res 2015; 25:1825-35. [PMID: 26359231 PMCID: PMC4665004 DOI: 10.1101/gr.193748.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic interactions of nuclear lamins with chromatin through lamin-associated domains (LADs) contribute to spatial arrangement of the genome. Here, we provide evidence for prepatterning of differentiation-driven formation of lamin A/C LADs by domains of histone H2B modified on serine 112 by the nutrient sensor O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (H2BS112GlcNAc), which we term GADs. We demonstrate a two-step process of lamin A/C LAD formation during in vitro adipogenesis, involving spreading of lamin A/C–chromatin interactions in the transition from progenitor cell proliferation to cell-cycle arrest, and genome-scale redistribution of these interactions through a process of LAD exchange within hours of adipogenic induction. Lamin A/C LADs are found both in active and repressive chromatin contexts that can be influenced by cell differentiation status. De novo formation of adipogenic lamin A/C LADs occurs nonrandomly on GADs, which consist of megabase-size intergenic and repressive chromatin domains. Accordingly, whereas predifferentiation lamin A/C LADs are gene-rich, post-differentiation LADs harbor repressive features reminiscent of lamin B1 LADs. Release of lamin A/C from genes directly involved in glycolysis concurs with their transcriptional up-regulation after adipogenic induction, and with downstream elevations in H2BS112GlcNAc levels and O-GlcNAc cycling. Our results unveil an epigenetic prepatterning of adipogenic LADs by GADs, suggesting a coupling of developmentally regulated lamin A/C-genome interactions to a metabolically sensitive chromatin modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torunn Rønningen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Akshay Shah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anja R Oldenburg
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Vekterud
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Erwan Delbarre
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Øivind Moskaug
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Philippe Collas
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0317 Oslo, Norway
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Mariappa D, Selvan N, Borodkin V, Alonso J, Ferenbach AT, Shepherd C, Navratilova IH, vanAalten DMF. A mutant O-GlcNAcase as a probe to reveal global dynamics of protein O-GlcNAcylation during Drosophila embryonic development. Biochem J 2015; 470:255-262. [PMID: 26348912 PMCID: PMC4941924 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a reversible type of serine/threonine glycosylation on nucleocytoplasmic proteins in metazoa. Various genetic approaches in several animal models have revealed that O-GlcNAcylation is essential for embryogenesis. However, the dynamic changes in global O-GlcNAcylation and the underlying mechanistic biology linking them to embryonic development is not understood. One of the limiting factors towards characterizing changes in O-GlcNAcylation has been the limited specificity of currently available tools to detect this modification. In the present study, harnessing the unusual properties of an O-GlcNAcase (OGA) mutant that binds O-GlcNAc (O-N-acetylglucosamine) sites with nanomolar affinity, we uncover changes in protein O-GlcNAcylation as a function of Drosophila development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mariappa
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Nithya Selvan
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir Borodkin
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Alonso
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T. Ferenbach
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Shepherd
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Iva Hopkins Navratilova
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Daan M. F. vanAalten
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
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85
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OLIVIER-VAN STICHELEN S, HANOVER JA. You are what you eat: O-linked N-acetylglucosamine in disease, development and epigenetics. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2015; 18:339-45. [PMID: 26049631 PMCID: PMC4479189 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification is both responsive to nutrient availability and capable of altering intracellular cellular signalling. We summarize data defining a role for O-GlcNAcylation in metabolic homeostasis and epigenetic regulation of development in the intrauterine environment. RECENT FINDINGS O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) catalyzes nutrient-driven O-GlcNAc addition and is subject to random X-inactivation. OGT plays key roles in growth factor signalling, stem cell biology, epigenetics and possibly imprinting. The O-GlcNAcase, which removes O-GlcNAc, is subject to tight regulation by higher order chromatin structure. O-GlcNAc cycling plays an important role in the intrauterine environment wherein OGT expression is an important biomarker of placental stress. SUMMARY Regulation of O-GlcNAc cycling by X-inactivation, epigenetic regulation and nutrient-driven processes makes it an ideal candidate for a nutrient-dependent epigenetic regulator of human disease. In addition, O-GlcNAc cycling influences chromatin modifiers critical to the regulation and timing of normal development including the polycomb repression complex and the ten-eleven translocation proteins mediating DNA methyl cytosine demethylation. The pathway also impacts the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis critical to intrauterine programming influencing disease susceptibility in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John A. HANOVER
- National Institute of diabetes and digestive and Kidney diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Corresponding Author: John A. Hanover, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda MD, 201892-0851;
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86
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Liu Y, Dai S, Xing L, Xu Y, Chong K. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification and its biological functions. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-015-0816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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87
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Medzihradszky KF, Kaasik K, Chalkley RJ. Tissue-Specific Glycosylation at the Glycopeptide Level. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2103-10. [PMID: 25995273 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.050393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This manuscript describes the enrichment and mass spectrometric analysis of intact glycopeptides from mouse liver, which yielded site-specific N- and O-glycosylation data for ∼ 130 proteins. Incorporation of different sialic acid variants in both N- and O-linked glycans was observed, and the importance of using both collisional activation and electron transfer dissociation for glycopeptide analysis was illustrated. The N-glycan structures of predicted lysosomal, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), secreted and transmembrane proteins were compared. The data suggest that protein N-glycosylation differs depending on cellular location. The glycosylation patterns of several mouse liver and mouse brain glycopeptides were compared. Tissue-specific differences in glycosylation were observed between sites within the same protein: Some sites displayed a similar spectrum of glycan structures in both tissues, whereas for others no overlap was observed. We present comparative brain/liver glycosylation data on 50 N-glycosylation sites from 34 proteins and 13 O-glycosylation sites from seven proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin F Medzihradszky
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street Genentech Hall, N474A, Box 2240, San Francisco, California 94158-2517
| | - Krista Kaasik
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street Genentech Hall, N474A, Box 2240, San Francisco, California 94158-2517
| | - Robert J Chalkley
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th Street Genentech Hall, N474A, Box 2240, San Francisco, California 94158-2517
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Lefebvre T, Issad T. 30 Years Old: O-GlcNAc Reaches the Age of Reason - Regulation of Cell Signaling and Metabolism by O-GlcNAcylation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:17. [PMID: 25709599 PMCID: PMC4321574 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Lefebvre
- Structural and Functional Glycobiology Unit, CNRS-UMR 8576, Lille 1 University, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- *Correspondence: ;
| | - Tarik Issad
- CNRS-UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- U1016, INSERM, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: ;
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