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Lucas R, Fulton D, Caldwell RW, Romero MJ. Arginase in the vascular endothelium: friend or foe? Front Immunol 2014; 5:589. [PMID: 25452758 PMCID: PMC4233309 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA
| | - David Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA
| | - Robert William Caldwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA
| | - Maritza J Romero
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University , Augusta, GA , USA
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Vasaturo A, Verdoes M, de Vries J, Torensma R, Figdor CG. Restoring immunosurveillance by dendritic cell vaccines and manipulation of the tumor microenvironment. Immunobiology 2014; 220:243-8. [PMID: 25466585 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells evolve from normal cells throughout life and are usually recognized by our immune system and destroyed, a process called immunosurveillance. Unfortunately, in some instances cancer cells paralyze our immune system, resulting in outgrowth and spreading of the tumor. Understanding the complexity of immunomodulation by tumors is important for the development of therapeutical strategies. Nowadays, various approaches have been developed to enhance anti-tumor immune responses and abrogate the immune dampening effect of the tumor and its surrounding environment, including dendritic cell-based vaccines, therapies to counteract myeloid derived suppressor cell function within the tumor and antagonists of inhibitory signaling pathways to overcome 'immune checkpoints'. The challenge is now to find the right combination of immune based therapies to fully restore immune function and provide a more efficacious and enduring anti-tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Vasaturo
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Department of Tumorimmunology, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Department of Tumorimmunology, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda de Vries
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Department of Tumorimmunology, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruurd Torensma
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Department of Tumorimmunology, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Department of Tumorimmunology, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Wang L, Bhatta A, Toque HA, Rojas M, Yao L, Xu Z, Patel C, Caldwell RB, Caldwell RW. Arginase inhibition enhances angiogenesis in endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia. Microvasc Res 2014; 98:1-8. [PMID: 25445030 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced arginase elevation plays an essential role in several vascular diseases but influence of arginase on hypoxia-mediated angiogenesis is completely unknown. In this study, in vitro network formation in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) was examined after exposure to hypoxia for 24h with or without arginase inhibition. Arginase activity, protein levels of the two arginase isoforms, eNOS, and VEGF as well as production of NO and ROS were examined to determine the involvement of arginase in hypoxia-mediated angiogenesis. Hypoxia elevated arginase activity and arginase 2 expression but reduced active p-eNOS(Ser1177) and NO levels in BAEC. In addition, both VEGF protein levels and endothelial elongation and network formation were reduced with continued hypoxia, whereas ROS levels increased and NO levels decreased. Arginase inhibition limited ROS, restored NO formation and VEGF expression, and prevented the reduction of angiogenesis. These results suggest a fundamental role of arginase activity in regulating angiogenic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Anil Bhatta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Haroldo A Toque
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Modesto Rojas
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta GA, 30912, USA
| | - Lin Yao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Zhimin Xu
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta GA, 30912, USA
| | - Chintan Patel
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ruth B Caldwell
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta GA, 30912, USA
| | - R William Caldwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Cure E, Cure MC, Tumkaya L, Kalkan Y, Aydin I, Kirbas A, Yilmaz A, Yuce S, Gokce MF. Topiramate ameliorates abdominal aorta cross-clamping induced liver injury in rats. SAUDI JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SAUDI GASTROENTEROLOGY ASSOCIATION 2014. [PMID: 25253365 DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.141690.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the liver occurs after a prolonged period of ischemia followed by restoration of hepatic blood perfusion. During the surgery of abdominal aorta, I/R injury causes damage to lower extremities and many organs, especially liver. The antioxidant and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) suppression effects of topiramate (TPM) have been reported in several studies. We evaluated the potential protective effect of TPM on cellular damage in liver tissue during I/R injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: Control, I/R, and I/R plus TPM (I/R + TPM) groups. Laparotomy without I/R injury was performed in the control group. After laparotomy, cross-ligation of infrarenal abdominal aorta was applied for 2 h in I/R groups that was followed by 2 h of reperfusion. TPM (100 mg/kg/day) was orally administrated to the animals in the I/R + TPM group for seven consecutive days before I/R procedure. RESULTS The I/R group's TNF-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly higher than those of the control (P = 0.010; P = 0.002) and I/R + TPM groups (P = 0.010; P = 0.002, respectively). Asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) levels of I/R group were higher than the control (P = 0.015) and I/R + TPM groups. I/R caused serious histopathological damage to liver tissue; however, TPM led to very low histopathological changes. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that TPM treatment prominently decreases the severity of liver I/R injury. TPM pretreatment may have preventive effects on liver injury via I/R during intra-abdominal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Cure
- Department of Internal Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
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Cure E, Cure MC, Tumkaya L, Kalkan Y, Aydin I, Kirbas A, Yilmaz A, Yuce S, Gokce MF. Topiramate ameliorates abdominal aorta cross-clamping induced liver injury in rats. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:297-303. [PMID: 25253365 PMCID: PMC4196345 DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.141690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the liver occurs after a prolonged period of ischemia followed by restoration of hepatic blood perfusion. During the surgery of abdominal aorta, I/R injury causes damage to lower extremities and many organs, especially liver. The antioxidant and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) suppression effects of topiramate (TPM) have been reported in several studies. We evaluated the potential protective effect of TPM on cellular damage in liver tissue during I/R injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: Control, I/R, and I/R plus TPM (I/R + TPM) groups. Laparotomy without I/R injury was performed in the control group. After laparotomy, cross-ligation of infrarenal abdominal aorta was applied for 2 h in I/R groups that was followed by 2 h of reperfusion. TPM (100 mg/kg/day) was orally administrated to the animals in the I/R + TPM group for seven consecutive days before I/R procedure. RESULTS The I/R group's TNF-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly higher than those of the control (P = 0.010; P = 0.002) and I/R + TPM groups (P = 0.010; P = 0.002, respectively). Asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) levels of I/R group were higher than the control (P = 0.015) and I/R + TPM groups. I/R caused serious histopathological damage to liver tissue; however, TPM led to very low histopathological changes. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that TPM treatment prominently decreases the severity of liver I/R injury. TPM pretreatment may have preventive effects on liver injury via I/R during intra-abdominal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Cure
- Department of Internal Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Erkan Cure, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, School of Medicine, Rize - 53100, Turkey. E-mail:
| | - Medine C. Cure
- Department of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Yildiray Kalkan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Aydin
- Department of Surgery, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Aynur Kirbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Arif Yilmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Yuce
- Department of Internal Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mehmet F. Gokce
- Department of Physiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhian M Touyz
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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