51
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Park HB, Lim SM, Hwang J, Zhang W, You S, Jin JO. Cancer immunotherapy using a polysaccharide from Codium fragile in a murine model. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1772663. [PMID: 32923129 PMCID: PMC7458636 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1772663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides have shown immune modulatory effects with low toxicity in both animal and human models. A previous study has shown that the polysaccharide from Codium fragile (CFP) promotes natural killer (NK) cell activation in mice. Since NK cell activation is mediated by dendritic cells (DCs), we examined the effect of CFP on DC activation and evaluated the subsequent induction of anti-cancer immunity in a murine model. Treatment with CFP induced activation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Moreover, subcutaneous injection of CFP promoted the activation of spleen and lymph node DCs in vivo. CFP also induced activation of DCs in tumor-bearing mice, and combination treatment with CFP and ovalbumin (OVA) promoted OVA-specific T cell activation, which consequently promoted infiltration of IFN-γ-and TNF-α-producing OT-1 and OT-II cells into the tumors. Moreover, combination treatment using CFP and cancer self-antigen efficiently inhibited B16 tumor growth in the mouse model. Treatment with CFP also enhanced anti-PD-L1 antibody mediated anti-cancer immunity in the CT-26 carcinoma-bearing BALB/c mice. Taken together these data suggest that CFP may function as an adjuvant in the treatment of cancer by enhancing immune activation. Abbreviations CFP: Codium fragile polysaccharide; NK: natural killer; IFN: interferon; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; IL: interleukin; tdLN: tumor draining lymph node; BMDC: bone marrow-derived dendritic cell; OVA: ovalbumin; Ab: antibody; Ag: antigen; DC: dendritic cell; CTL: cytotoxic T lymphocyte; APC: antigen-presenting cell; pDC: plasmacytoid dendritic cell; mDC: myeloid dendritic cell; MHC: major histocompatibility complex; CR3: complement receptor type 3; TLR: Toll-like receptor; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; SP: sulfated polysaccharide; TRP2: tyrosinase-related protein 2; SR-A: scavenger receptor-A
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Bin Park
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Seong-Min Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
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52
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Autotransporter-Mediated Display of Complement Receptor Ligands by Gram-Negative Bacteria Increases Antibody Responses and Limits Disease Severity. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9050375. [PMID: 32422907 PMCID: PMC7281241 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9050375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The targeting of immunogens/vaccines to specific immune cells is a promising approach for amplifying immune responses in the absence of exogenous adjuvants. However, the targeting approaches reported thus far require novel, labor-intensive reagents for each vaccine and have primarily been shown as proof-of-concept with isolated proteins and/or inactivated bacteria. We have engineered a plasmid-based, complement receptor-targeting platform that is readily applicable to live forms of multiple gram-negative bacteria, including, but not limited to, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Francisella tularensis. Using F. tularensis as a model, we find that targeted bacteria show increased binding and uptake by macrophages, which coincides with increased p38 and p65 phosphorylation. Mice vaccinated with targeted bacteria produce higher titers of specific antibody that recognizes a greater diversity of bacterial antigens. Following challenge with homologous or heterologous isolates, these mice exhibited less weight loss and/or accelerated weight recovery as compared to counterparts vaccinated with non-targeted immunogens. Collectively, these findings provide proof-of-concept for plasmid-based, complement receptor-targeting of live gram-negative bacteria.
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53
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Lv Z, Zhang P, Li D, Qin M, Nie L, Wang X, Ai L, Feng Z, Odhiambo WO, Ma Y, Ji Y. CD19-targeting fusion protein combined with PD1 antibody enhances anti-tumor immunity in mouse models. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1747688. [PMID: 32363119 PMCID: PMC7185221 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1747688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, using a B cell vaccine (scFv-Her2), the targeting of tumor-associated antigen Her2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor-2) to B cells via the anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) was shown to augment tumor-specific immunity, which enhanced tumor control in the prophylactic and therapeutic setting. However, the fusion protein displayed limited activity against established tumors, and local relapses often occurred following scFv-Her2 treatment, indicating that scFv-Her2-induced responses are inadequate to maintain anti-tumor immunity. In this study, targeting the IV region (D4) of the extracellular region of Her2 to B cells via CD19 molecules (scFv-Her2D4) was found to enhance IFN-γ-producing-CD8+ T cell infiltration in tumor tissues and reduced the number of tumor-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). However, negative co-stimulatory molecules such as programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), CD160, and LAG-3 on T cells and programmed death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells were upregulated in the tumor microenvironment after scFv-Her2D4 treatment. Further, anti-PD1 administration enhanced the efficacy of scFv-Her2D4 and anti-tumor immunity, as evidenced by the reversal of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cell exhaustion and the reduction of MDSCs and Treg cells, which suppress T cells and alter the tumor immune microenvironment. Moreover, combining this with anti-PD1 antibodies promoted complete tumor rejection. Our data provide evidence of a close interaction among tumor vaccines, T cells, and the PD-L1/PD-1 axis and establish a basis for the rational design of combination therapy with immune modulators and tumor vaccine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangwei Lv
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Xi'an Jiaotong University Translational Medicine Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Xi'an Jiaotong University Translational Medicine Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Xi'an Jiaotong University Translational Medicine Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengting Qin
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Xi'an Jiaotong University Translational Medicine Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Longzhu Nie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- The Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Ai
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaozu Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Woodvine Otieno Odhiambo
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunfeng Ma
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Xi'an Jiaotong University Translational Medicine Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanhong Ji
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Xi'an Jiaotong University Translational Medicine Center, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
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54
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Ganesan M, Eikenberry A, Poluektova LY, Kharbanda KK, Osna NA. Role of alcohol in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:883-903. [PMID: 32206001 PMCID: PMC7081008 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i9.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and alcohol abuse often contribute to the development of end-stage liver disease. Alcohol abuse not only causes rapid progression of liver disease in HBV infected patients but also allows HBV to persist chronically. Importantly, the mechanism by which alcohol promotes the progression of HBV-associated liver disease are not completely understood. Potential mechanisms include a suppressed immune response, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus stresses, and increased HBV replication. Certainly, more research is necessary to gain a better understanding of these mechanisms such that treatment(s) to prevent rapid liver disease progression in alcohol-abusing HBV patients could be developed. In this review, we discuss the aforementioned factors for the higher risk of liver diseases in alcohol-induced HBV pathogenies and suggest the areas for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
| | - Allison Eikenberry
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
| | - Larisa Y Poluektova
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Kusum K Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
| | - Natalia A Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
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55
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Zhang W, Xu L, Park HB, Hwang J, Kwak M, Lee PCW, Liang G, Zhang X, Xu J, Jin JO. Escherichia coli adhesion portion FimH functions as an adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1187. [PMID: 32132528 PMCID: PMC7055316 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of antigen-specific immune activation by the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) is a strategy used for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we find that FimH, which is an Escherichia coli adhesion portion, induces toll-like receptor 4-dependent and myeloid differentiation protein 2-independent DC maturation in mice in vivo. A combined treatment regimen with FimH and antigen promotes antigen-specific immune activation, including proliferation of T cells, production of IFN-γ and TNF-α, and infiltration of effector T cells into tumors, which consequently inhibits tumor growth in mice in vivo against melanoma and carcinoma. In addition, combined therapeutic treatment of anti-PD-L1 antibodies and FimH treatment efficiently inhibits CT26 tumor growth in BALB/c mice. Finally, FimH promotes human peripheral blood DC activation and syngeneic T-cell proliferation and activation. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that FimH can be a useful adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Hae-Bin Park
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Peter C W Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China. .,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
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56
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Wadhwa A, Aljabbari A, Lokras A, Foged C, Thakur A. Opportunities and Challenges in the Delivery of mRNA-based Vaccines. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E102. [PMID: 32013049 PMCID: PMC7076378 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, there has been increasing focus on the use of messenger RNA (mRNA) as a new therapeutic modality. Current clinical efforts encompassing mRNA-based drugs are directed toward infectious disease vaccines, cancer immunotherapies, therapeutic protein replacement therapies, and treatment of genetic diseases. However, challenges that impede the successful translation of these molecules into drugs are that (i) mRNA is a very large molecule, (ii) it is intrinsically unstable and prone to degradation by nucleases, and (iii) it activates the immune system. Although some of these challenges have been partially solved by means of chemical modification of the mRNA, intracellular delivery of mRNA still represents a major hurdle. The clinical translation of mRNA-based therapeutics requires delivery technologies that can ensure stabilization of mRNA under physiological conditions. Here, we (i) review opportunities and challenges in the delivery of mRNA-based therapeutics with a focus on non-viral delivery systems, (ii) present the clinical status of mRNA vaccines, and (iii) highlight perspectives on the future of this promising new type of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aneesh Thakur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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57
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Zhang W, Xu L, Zhang X, Xu J, Jin JO. CD8α - conventional dendritic cells control Vβ T-cell immunity in response to Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice. Immunology 2020; 159:404-412. [PMID: 31909831 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent immune cells that control innate and adaptive immune responses. Previous studies have shown that the DCs are required for protection against Staphylococcus aureus infection. However, the role of conventional DC (cDC) subsets during S. aureus infection in vivo has not been well investigated. In this study, we examined the function of spleen DC subsets in the activation of immunity against S. aureus infection. C57BL/6 mice were infected intravenously with S. aureus and DC and T-cell activation were analyzed in vivo. We found that the spleen CD8α- cDCs phagocytosed S. aureus more efficiently than type-1 conventional DCs (cDC1s) did. Moreover, the CD8α- cDCs contributed to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to S. aureus infection, whereas the cDC1s did not. In addition, infection with S. aureus promoted an increase in the number of Vβ T cells. The CD4+ and CD8+ Vβ T cells up-regulated the production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in response to S. aureus infection. Importantly, the induction of IFN-γ and IL-17 production in CD4+ and CD8+ Vβ T cells was mediated by S. aureus-stimulated CD8α- cDCs, whereas cDC1s failed to promote IFN-γ and IL-17 production in the cells. Therefore, these data suggested that the spleen CD8α- cDCs are the main DC subsets for induction of S. aureus superantigen-specific immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center &, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center &, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center &, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center &, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center &, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
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58
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Human Gastrointestinal Organoid Models for Studying Microbial Disease and Cancer. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2020; 430:55-75. [PMID: 32889597 DOI: 10.1007/82_2020_223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the major discoveries in stem cell research in the past decade embraces the development of "organs in a dish," also known as "organoids." Organoids are three-dimensional cellular structures derived from primary stem cells of different organ-specific cell types which are capable of self-renewal and maintenance of the parental lineages. Researchers have developed in vitro organoid models to mimic in vivo host-microbial interactions and disease. In this review, we focus on the use of gastrointestinal organoids as models of microbial disease and cancer.
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59
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Pham THM, Brewer SM, Thurston T, Massis LM, Honeycutt J, Lugo K, Jacobson AR, Vilches-Moure JG, Hamblin M, Helaine S, Monack DM. Salmonella-Driven Polarization of Granuloma Macrophages Antagonizes TNF-Mediated Pathogen Restriction during Persistent Infection. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 27:54-67.e5. [PMID: 31883922 PMCID: PMC7065835 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many intracellular bacteria can establish chronic infection and persist in tissues within granulomas composed of macrophages. Granuloma macrophages exhibit heterogeneous polarization states, or phenotypes, that may be functionally distinct. Here, we elucidate a host-pathogen interaction that controls granuloma macrophage polarization and long-term pathogen persistence during Salmonella Typhimurium (STm) infection. We show that STm persists within splenic granulomas that are densely populated by CD11b+CD11c+Ly6C+ macrophages. STm preferentially persists in granuloma macrophages reprogrammed to an M2 state, in part through the activity of the effector SteE, which contributes to the establishment of persistent infection. We demonstrate that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling limits M2 granuloma macrophage polarization, thereby restricting STm persistence. TNF neutralization shifts granuloma macrophages toward an M2 state and increases bacterial persistence, and these effects are partially dependent on SteE activity. Thus, manipulating granuloma macrophage polarization represents a strategy for intracellular bacteria to overcome host restriction during persistent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung H M Pham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Susan M Brewer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Teresa Thurston
- MRC Center for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Liliana M Massis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jared Honeycutt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kyler Lugo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amanda R Jacobson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Meagan Hamblin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sophie Helaine
- MRC Center for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Denise M Monack
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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60
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Lee K, Kim SY, Seo Y, Kim MH, Chang J, Lee H. Adjuvant incorporated lipid nanoparticles for enhanced mRNA-mediated cancer immunotherapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 8:1101-1105. [PMID: 31793928 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01564g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
For mRNA mediated cancer immunotherapy, Pam3 was incorporated as an adjuvant within lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) with OVA mRNA. The developed Pam3 incorporated LNPs showed successful expression of tumor antigens with enhanced immune stimulation. We demonstrated that the synergies of Pam3 LNPs could greatly improve the efficacy of tumor prevention by mRNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuri Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yunmi Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyukjin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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61
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Adjuvant effect of TLR7 agonist adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide (AS37): A phase I randomized, dose escalation study of an AS37-adjuvanted meningococcal C conjugated vaccine. Clin Immunol 2019; 209:108275. [PMID: 31669193 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An adjuvant system (AS37) has been developed containing a synthetic toll-like receptor agonist (TLR7a). We conducted a phase I randomized, observer-blind, dose-escalation study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of an investigational AS37-adjuvanted meningococcus C (MenC) conjugate vaccine in healthy adults (NCT02639351). A control group received a licensed MenC conjugate alum-adjuvanted vaccine. Eighty participants were randomized to receive one dose of control or investigational vaccine containing AS37 (TLR7a dose 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μg). All vaccines were well tolerated, apart from in the TLR7a 100 μg dose group, which had three reports (18.8%) of severe systemic adverse events. Four weeks after vaccination, human complement serum bactericidal assay seroresponse rates against MenC were 56-81% in all groups, and ELISA seroresponses were ≥81% for all AS37-adjuvanted vaccine groups (100% in 50 and 100 μg dose groups) and 88% in the control group. Antibody responses were maintained at six months after vaccination.
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62
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Patel RB, Ye M, Carlson PM, Jaquish A, Zangl L, Ma B, Wang Y, Arthur I, Xie R, Brown RJ, Wang X, Sriramaneni R, Kim K, Gong S, Morris ZS. Development of an In Situ Cancer Vaccine via Combinational Radiation and Bacterial-Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902626. [PMID: 31523868 PMCID: PMC6810793 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Neoantigens induced by random mutations and specific to an individual's cancer are the most important tumor antigens recognized by T cells. Among immunologically "cold" tumors, limited recognition of tumor neoantigens results in the absence of a de novo antitumor immune response. These "cold" tumors present a clinical challenge as they are poorly responsive to most immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Radiation therapy (RT) can enhance immune recognition of "cold" tumors, resulting in a more diversified antitumor T-cell response, yet RT alone rarely results in a systemic antitumor immune response. Therefore, a multifunctional bacterial membrane-coated nanoparticle (BNP) composed of an immune activating PC7A/CpG polyplex core coated with bacterial membrane and imide groups to enhance antigen retrieval is developed. This BNP can capture cancer neoantigens following RT, enhance their uptake in dendritic cells (DCs), and facilitate their cross presentation to stimulate an antitumor T-cell response. In mice bearing syngeneic melanoma or neuroblastoma, treatment with BNP+RT results in activation of DCs and effector T cells, marked tumor regression, and tumor-specific antitumor immune memory. This BNP facilitates in situ immune recognition of a radiated tumor, enabling a novel personalized approach to cancer immunotherapy using off-the-shelf therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi B Patel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Mingzhou Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Peter M Carlson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Abigail Jaquish
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Luke Zangl
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ben Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Yuyuan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Ian Arthur
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ruosen Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Ryan J Brown
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, WARF Office Bldg, 610 Walnut St, 2nd Fl., Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Raghava Sriramaneni
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, WARF Office Bldg, 610 Walnut St, 2nd Fl., Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Shaoqin Gong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 330 N Orchard St. B1162, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, WIMR-I, Room 3131, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
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Calmeiro J, Carrascal M, Gomes C, Falcão A, Cruz MT, Neves BM. Biomaterial-based platforms for in situ dendritic cell programming and their use in antitumor immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:238. [PMID: 31484548 PMCID: PMC6727507 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are central players in the immune system, with an exquisite capacity to initiate and modulate immune responses. These functional characteristics have led to intense research on the development of DC-based immunotherapies, particularly for oncologic diseases. During recent decades, DC-based vaccines have generated very promising results in animal studies, and more than 300 clinical assays have demonstrated the safety profile of this approach. However, clinical data are inconsistent, and clear evidence of meaningful efficacy is still lacking. One of the reasons for this lack of evidence is the limited functional abilities of the used ex vivo-differentiated DCs. Therefore, alternative approaches for targeting and modulating endogenous DC subpopulations have emerged as an attractive concept. Here, we sought to revise the evolution of several strategies for the in situ mobilization and modulation of DCs. The first approaches using chemokine-secreting irradiated tumor cells are addressed, and special attention is given to the cutting-edge injectable bioengineered platforms, programmed to release chemoattractants, tumor antigens and DC maturating agents. Finally, we discuss how our increasing knowledge of DC biology, the use of neoantigens and their combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors can leverage the refinement of these polymeric vaccines to boost their antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Calmeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mylène Carrascal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Tecnimede Group, Sintra, Portugal
| | - Célia Gomes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Miguel Neves
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto - Edifício 30, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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64
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Xu L, Zhang W, Park HB, Kwak M, Oh J, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Indocyanine green and poly I:C containing thermo-responsive liposomes used in immune-photothermal therapy prevent cancer growth and metastasis. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:220. [PMID: 31412934 PMCID: PMC6694491 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0702-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient cancer therapy is sought not only for primary tumor treatment but also for the prevention of metastatic cancer growth. Immunotherapy has been shown to prevent cancer metastasis by inducing antigen-specific immune responses. Indocyanine green (ICG) has a peak spectral absorption at about 800 nm, which makes it a photothermal reagent for direct treatment of solid tumors by photothermal therapy (PTT). Since PTT alone cannot fully induce antigen-specific immune response for prevention of cancer metastasis, the combination of PTT and immunotherapy has been developed as a new strategy of cancer treatment. METHODS Thermal responsive liposomes (TRL) were synthesized by incorporating ICG into the lipid bilayer and encapsulating the water-soluble immune stimulatory molecule polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) in the hydrophilic core. The poly I:C- and ICG-containing TRLs (piTRLs) were analyzed according to size, and their photothermal effect was evaluated following laser irradiation at 808 nm. Moreover, the temperature-dependent release of poly I:C was also measured. For cancer therapy, CT-26 (carcinoma) and B16 (melanoma) cells were subcutaneously inoculated to build the 1st transplanted tumor in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, respectively. These mice received a 2nd transplantation with the same cancer cells by intravenous inoculation, for evaluation of the anti-metastatic effects of the liposomes after PTT. RESULTS Near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation increased the temperature of piTRLs and effectively released poly I:C from the liposomes. The increased temperature induced a photothermal effect, which promoted cancer cell apoptosis and dissolution of the 1st transplanted tumor. Moreover, the released poly I:C from the piTRL induced activation of dendritic cells (DCs) in tumor draining lymph node (tdLN). Cancer cell apoptosis and DC-activation-mediated cancer antigen-specific immune responses further prevented growth of lung metastatic cancer developed following intravenous transplantation of cancer cells. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated the potential usage of a piTRL with laser irradiation for immuno-photothermal therapy against various types of cancer and their metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Hae-Bin Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Junghwan Oh
- Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Peter C W Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China. .,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
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65
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Ma S, Qiao X, Xu Y, Wang L, Zhou H, Jiang Y, Cui W, Huang X, Wang X, Tang L, Li Y. Screening and Identification of a Chicken Dendritic Cell Binding Peptide by Using a Phage Display Library. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1853. [PMID: 31447851 PMCID: PMC6691127 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), as antigen-presenting cells, can initiate adaptive immune responses efficiently. Although the DC-targeting strategy has attracted more attention, relevant studies on chicken are rare. Here, specific chicken bone marrow DC-binding peptides were selected using a phage display peptide library and confirmed through ELISA, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and laser confocal microscopy. The peptide candidate SPHLHTSSPWER, named SP, was fused to the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) structural protein and protective antigen VP2. In vitro, the expression of DC markers (CD80, CD83, CD86, DEC205, and MHCII) and some cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and CXCLi1) by VP2-SP-stimulated DCs was significantly higher than that by DCs treated with the VP2-control peptide at 4 h (p < 0.001). In addition, an oral vaccine targeting DCs was generated using chicken-borne Lactobacillus saerimneri M11 (L. sae M11) to deliver VP2 fused with SP. Anti-IBDV mucosal and humoral immune responses were induced efficiently via oral administration, resulting in higher protective efficacy in the VP2-SP group than the VP2 group. Therefore, chicken DC targeting of IBDV protective antigen VP2 delivered by L. sae provides effective immune protection in chicken. Our study may promote research on the DC-targeting strategy to enhance the effectiveness of chicken vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunting Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyuan Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Yigang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Han Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuewei Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lijie Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Yijing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
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Dykman LA, Khlebtsov NG. Gold nanoparticles in chemo-, immuno-, and combined therapy: review [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:3152-3182. [PMID: 31467774 PMCID: PMC6706047 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.003152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with controlled geometrical and optical properties have been the subject of intense research and biomedical applications. This review summarizes recent data and topical problems in nanomedicine that are related to the use of variously sized, shaped, and structured GNPs. We focus on three topical fields in current nanomedicine: (1) use of GNP-based nanoplatforms for the targeted delivery of anticancer and antimicrobial drugs and of genes; (2) GNP-based cancer immunotherapy; and (3) combined chemo-, immuno-, and phototherapy. We present a summary of the available literature data and a short discussion of future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Dykman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | - N G Khlebtsov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
- Saratov National Research State University, 83 Ulitsa Astrakhanskaya, Saratov 410012, Russia
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Trimaille T, Lacroix C, Verrier B. Self-assembled amphiphilic copolymers as dual delivery system for immunotherapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:232-239. [PMID: 31229673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Subunit vaccines using recombinant antigens appear as the privileged vaccination technology for safety reasons but still require the development of carriers/adjuvants ensuring optimal immunogenicity and efficacy. Micelles from self-assembled amphiphilic copolymers have recently emerged as highly relevant and promising candidates owing to their ease of preparation, low size (entering in lymphatic capillaries for reaching lymph nodes), size/surface tunability and chemical versatility enabling introduction of stimuli (e.g. pH) responsive features and biofunctionalization with dedicated molecules. In particular, research efforts have increasingly focused on dendritic cells (DCs) targeting and activation by co-delivering (with antigen) ligands of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs, e.g. toll-like receptors). Such strategy has appeared as one of the most effective for eliciting CD 8+ T-cell response, which is crucial in the eradication of tumors and numerous infectious diseases. In this short review, we highlight the recent advances in such micelle-based carriers in subunit vaccination and how their precise engineering can be a strong asset for guiding and controlling immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Trimaille
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, Marseille, France.
| | - Céline Lacroix
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5305, Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, IBCP, 69367 Lyon, France
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5305, Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, IBCP, 69367 Lyon, France
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Ao Z, Wang L, Mendoza EJ, Cheng K, Zhu W, Cohen EA, Fowke K, Qiu X, Kobinger G, Yao X. Incorporation of Ebola glycoprotein into HIV particles facilitates dendritic cell and macrophage targeting and enhances HIV-specific immune responses. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216949. [PMID: 31100082 PMCID: PMC6524799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of an effective vaccine against HIV infection remains a global priority. Dendritic cell (DC)-based HIV immunotherapeutic vaccine is a promising approach which aims at optimizing the HIV-specific immune response using primed DCs to promote and enhance both the cellular and humoral arms of immunity. Since the Ebola virus envelope glycoprotein (EboGP) has strong DC-targeting ability, we investigated whether EboGP is able to direct HIV particles towards DCs efficiently and promote potent HIV-specific immune responses. Our results indicate that the incorporation of EboGP into non-replicating virus-like particles (VLPs) enhances their ability to target human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Also, a mucin-like domain deleted EboGP (EboGPΔM) can further enhanced the MDDCs and MDMs-targeting ability. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of EboGP on HIV immunogenicity in mice, and the results revealed a significantly stronger HIV-specific humoral immune response when immunized with EboGP-pseudotyped HIV VLPs compared with those immunized with HIV VLPs. Splenocytes harvested from mice immunized with EboGP-pseudotyped HIV VLPs secreted increased levels of macrophage inflammatory proteins-1α (MIP-1α) and IL-4 upon stimulation with HIV Env and/or Gag peptides compared with those harvested from mice immunized with HIV VLPs. Collectively, this study provides evidence for the first time that the incorporation of EboGP in HIV VLPs can facilitate DC and macrophage targeting and induce more potent immune responses against HIV.
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MESH Headings
- AIDS Vaccines/administration & dosage
- AIDS Vaccines/genetics
- AIDS Vaccines/immunology
- Animals
- Chemokine CCL3/genetics
- Chemokine CCL3/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/virology
- Ebolavirus/chemistry
- Female
- Gene Expression
- HEK293 Cells
- HIV Antibodies/biosynthesis
- HIV Infections/immunology
- HIV Infections/prevention & control
- HIV Infections/virology
- HIV-1/drug effects
- HIV-1/growth & development
- HIV-1/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Immunity, Humoral/drug effects
- Immunization
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Interleukin-4/genetics
- Interleukin-4/immunology
- Lymphocytes/cytology
- Lymphocytes/drug effects
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Primary Cell Culture
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/genetics
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/immunology
- Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics
- Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology
- env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics
- env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/immunology
- gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics
- gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Ao
- Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lijun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Emelissa J. Mendoza
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Keding Cheng
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Eric A. Cohen
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Keith Fowke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xiangguo Qiu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gary Kobinger
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie de l’Université Laval/Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail: (XJY); (GK)
| | - Xiaojian Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail: (XJY); (GK)
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Garnica O, Das K, Devasundaram S, Dhandayuthapani S. Enhanced delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens to antigen presenting cells using RVG peptide. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2019; 116S:S34-S41. [PMID: 31064713 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Among the various strategies to improve vaccines against infectious diseases, targeting of antigens to dendritic cells (DCs), which are professional antigen presenting cells (APCs), has received increased attention in recent years. Here, we investigated whether a synthetic peptide region named RVG, originated from Rabies Virus Glycoprotein that binds to the α-7 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AchR-α7) of APCs, could be used for the delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) peptide antigens to DCs and macrophages. Mouse bone marrow derived DCs (BMDCs) and human THP-1 macrophages stimulated with RVG fused peptide epitopes 85B241 and 85B96 (represent Ag85B241-256 and Ag85B96-111, respectively) from antigen 85B (Ag85B) of Mtb showed enhanced antigen presentation as compared to unfused peptide epitopes and BCG. Further, BMDCs stimulated with RVG fused 85B241 showed higher levels of IL-12 positive cells. Consistent with in vitro data, splenocytes of mice immunized with RVG-85B241 showed increased number of antigen specific IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α producing cells in relation to splenocytes from mice immunized with 85B241 alone. These results suggest that RVG may be a promising tool to develop effective alternate vaccines against tuberculosis (TB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Garnica
- Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Kishore Das
- Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Santhi Devasundaram
- Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Subramanian Dhandayuthapani
- Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
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70
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Apostólico JDS, Lunardelli VAS, Yamamoto MM, Cunha-Neto E, Boscardin SB, Rosa DS. Poly(I:C) Potentiates T Cell Immunity to a Dendritic Cell Targeted HIV-Multiepitope Vaccine. Front Immunol 2019; 10:843. [PMID: 31105693 PMCID: PMC6492566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular immune responses are implicated in resistance to HIV and have been considered for the development of an effective vaccine. Despite their safety profile, subunit vaccines need to be delivered combined with an adjuvant. In the last years, in vivo antigen targeting to dendritic cells (DCs) using chimeric monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against the DC endocytic receptor DEC205/CD205 was shown to support long-term T cell immunity. Here, we evaluated the ability of different adjuvants to modulate specific cellular immune response when eight CD4+ HIV-derived epitopes (HIVBr8) were targeted to DEC205+ DCs in vivo. Immunization with two doses of αDECHIVBr8 mAb along with poly(I:C) induced Th1 cytokine production and higher frequency of HIV-specific polyfunctional and long-lived T cells than MPL or CpG ODN-assisted immunization. Although each adjuvant elicited responses against the 8 epitopes present in the vaccine, the magnitude of the T cell response was higher in the presence of poly(I:C). Moreover, poly(I:C) up regulated the expression of costimulatory molecules in both cDC1 and cDC2 DCs subsets. In summary, the use of poly(I:C) in a vaccine formulation that targets multiple epitopes to the DEC205 receptor improved the potency and the quality of HIV-specific responses when compared to other vaccine-adjuvant formulations. This study highlights the importance of the rational selection of antigen/adjuvant combination to potentiate the desired immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana de Souza Apostólico
- Laboratory of Experimental Vaccines, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii)-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victória Alves Santos Lunardelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Vaccines, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii)-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio Massao Yamamoto
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edecio Cunha-Neto
- Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii)-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (LIM60), School of Medicine-University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Beatriz Boscardin
- Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii)-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Santoro Rosa
- Laboratory of Experimental Vaccines, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii)-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
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71
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Barhoumi M, Koutsoni OS, Dotsika E, Guizani I. Leishmania infantum LeIF and its recombinant polypeptides induce the maturation of dendritic cells in vitro: An insight for dendritic cells based vaccine. Immunol Lett 2019; 210:20-28. [PMID: 30998957 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that recombinant Leishmania infantum eukaryotic initiation factor (LieIF) was able to induce the secretion of cytokines IL-12, IL-10 and TNF-α by human monocytes. In this study, we explored in vitro the potential of LieIF to induce phenotypic maturation and functional differentiation of murine bone-marrow derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs). Moreover, in order to identify potential immunnomodulatory regions of LieIF, eight recombinant overlapping protein fragments covering the whole amino acid sequence of protein, were constructed and assessed in vitro for their ability to induce maturation of BM-DCs. Our data showed that LieIF and some of its recombinant polypeptides were able to induce elevated expression of CD40, CD80 and CD86 co-stimulatory molecules with concurrent IL-12 production. Moreover, we used an in vivo experimental model of cutaneous leishmaniasis consisted of susceptible Leishmania major-infected BALB/c mice and we demonstrated that LieIF-pulsed-BM-DCs adoptively transferred in mice were capable to confer protection against a high dose parasite challenge. This study further describes the immunomodulatory properties of LieIF and its polypeptides bringing relevant information for their exploitation as candidate molecules for vaccine development against leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Barhoumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis-Belvedère, Tunisia.
| | - Olga S Koutsoni
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vass Sofias Av, Athens 11521, Greece.
| | - Eleni Dotsika
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vass Sofias Av, Athens 11521, Greece.
| | - Ikram Guizani
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002 Tunis-Belvedère, Tunisia.
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72
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RNA Viruses as Tools in Gene Therapy and Vaccine Development. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10030189. [PMID: 30832256 PMCID: PMC6471356 DOI: 10.3390/genes10030189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA viruses have been subjected to substantial engineering efforts to support gene therapy applications and vaccine development. Typically, retroviruses, lentiviruses, alphaviruses, flaviviruses rhabdoviruses, measles viruses, Newcastle disease viruses, and picornaviruses have been employed as expression vectors for treatment of various diseases including different types of cancers, hemophilia, and infectious diseases. Moreover, vaccination with viral vectors has evaluated immunogenicity against infectious agents and protection against challenges with pathogenic organisms. Several preclinical studies in animal models have confirmed both immune responses and protection against lethal challenges. Similarly, administration of RNA viral vectors in animals implanted with tumor xenografts resulted in tumor regression and prolonged survival, and in some cases complete tumor clearance. Based on preclinical results, clinical trials have been conducted to establish the safety of RNA virus delivery. Moreover, stem cell-based lentiviral therapy provided life-long production of factor VIII potentially generating a cure for hemophilia A. Several clinical trials on cancer patients have generated anti-tumor activity, prolonged survival, and even progression-free survival.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose is to recall some of the key immunological elements that are at the crossroad and need to be combined for developing a potent therapeutic HIV-1 vaccine. RECENT FINDINGS Therapeutic vaccines and cytokines have been commonly used to enhance and/or recall preexisting HIV-1 specific cell-mediated immune responses aiming to suppress virus replication. While the vaccine is important to stimulate HIV-1 specific T-cell responses, the cytokine may support the expansion of the stimulated virus-specific T cells. Moreover, the current success of immune checkpoint blockers in cancer therapy render them very attractive to use in HIV-1 infected individuals, with the objective to preserve the function of HIV-specific T cells from exhaustion and target directly HIV-1 cell reservoir. More recently, the development of passive immunotherapy using broad neutralizing HIV antibodies (bNAbs) and their potential capacity to elicit innate or adaptive HIV-cellular responses, beyond their neutralizing activity, offers a new opportunity to improve the efficiency of therapeutic vaccine. These major advances provide the scientific basis for developing potent combinatorial interventions in HIV-1 infected patients. SUMMARY Major advances in our immunological understanding resulting from basic science and clinical trials studies have paved the way and established a solid platform to jump over the stumbling blocks that prevent the field from developing a therapeutic HIV-1 vaccine. It is time for immuno-modulation and combinatorial strategies towards HIV-1 eradication.
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Lee H, Lee HW, La Lee Y, Jeon YH, Jeong SY, Lee SW, Lee J, Ahn BC. Optimization of Dendritic Cell-Mediated Cytotoxic T-Cell Activation by Tracking of Dendritic Cell Migration Using Reporter Gene Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 20:398-406. [PMID: 29027077 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-017-1127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to optimize the dendritic cell (DC)-mediated T-cell activation using reporter gene imaging and flow cytometric analysis in living mice. PROCEDURES A murine dendritic cell line (DC2.4) co-expressing effluc and Thy1.1 genes were established by transfection with retroviral vectors. Thy1.1 positive cells were sorted by magnetic bead separation system (DC2.4/effluc). Cell proliferation assay and phenotype analysis to determine the effects of gene transduction on the function of dendritic cells between parental DC2.4 and DC2.4/effluc were performed. To optimize the DC-mediated immune response by cell number or frequency, different cell numbers (5 × 105, 1 × 106, and 2 × 106 DC2.4/effluc) or different frequencies of DC2.4/effluc (first, second, and third injections) were injected in the right footpad of mice. The migration of the DC2.4/effluc into the draining popliteal lymph node of mice was monitored by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Flow cytometric analysis was performed with splenocytes to determine the cytotoxic T-cell population after injection of DC2.4/effluc. RESULTS Parental DC2.4 and DC2.4/effluc exhibit no significant differences in their proliferation and phenotype. BLI signals were observed in the draining popliteal lymph node at day 1 after injection of DC2.4/effluc in 1 × 106 and 2 × 106 cells-injected groups. The highest BLI signal intensity was detected in 2 × 106 cells-injected mice. On day 11, the BLI signal was detected in only 2 × 106 cell-injected group but not in other groups. Optimized cell numbers (2 × 106) were injected in three animal groups with a different frequency (first, second, and third injection groups). The BLI signal was detected at day 1 and maintained until day 7 in the first injection group, but there is low signal intensity in the second and the third injection groups. Although the expression levels of Thy1.1 gene in the first injection group were very high, there reveals no expression of Thy1.1 gene in the second and the third injection groups. The number of tumor-specific CD8+ T-cells in the spleen significantly increased, as the number of DC injections increases. CONCLUSIONS Successful optimization of DC-mediated cytotoxic T-cell activation in living mice using reporter gene imaging and flow cytometric analysis was achieved. The optimization of DC-mediated cytotoxic T-cell activation could be applied for the future DC-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongje Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk-dong 2-ga, Jung Gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dongnam Institution of Radiological & Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Busan, South Korea
| | - Ho Won Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk-dong 2-ga, Jung Gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
| | - You La Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk-dong 2-ga, Jung Gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Shin Young Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk-dong 2-ga, Jung Gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk-dong 2-ga, Jung Gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
| | - Jaetae Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk-dong 2-ga, Jung Gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea.,Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 50, Samduk-dong 2-ga, Jung Gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea.
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Zhang W, Kwak M, Park HB, Okimura T, Oda T, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Activation of Human Dendritic Cells by Ascophyllan Purified from Ascophyllum nodosum. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E66. [PMID: 30669428 PMCID: PMC6356493 DOI: 10.3390/md17010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we showed that ascophyllan purified from Ascophyllum nodosum treatment promotes mouse dendritic cell (DC) activation in vivo, further induces an antigen-specific immune response and has anticancer effects in mice. However, the effect of ascophyllan has not been studied in human immune cells, specifically in terms of activation of human monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) and human peripheral blood DCs (PBDCs). We found that the treatment with ascophyllan induced morphological changes in MDDCs and upregulated co-stimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) and MHC II expression. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in culture medium was also dramatically increased following ascophyllan treatment of MDDCs. Moreover, ascophyllan promoted phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK signaling pathways, and inhibition of p38 almost completely suppressed the ascophyllan-induced activation of MDDCs. Finally, treatment with ascophyllan induced activation of BDCA1 and BDCA3 PBDCs. Thus, these data suggest that ascophyllan could be used as an immune stimulator in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.
- Marine-integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.
| | - Hae-Bin Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
| | - Takasi Okimura
- Research and Development Division, Hayashikane Sangyo Co., Ltd., Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-8608, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
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Schiffer D, Annovazzi L, Casalone C, Corona C, Mellai M. Glioblastoma: Microenvironment and Niche Concept. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 11:cancers11010005. [PMID: 30577488 PMCID: PMC6357107 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The niche concept was originally developed to describe the location of normal neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subependymal layer of the sub-ventricular zone. In this paper, its significance has been extended to the location of tumor stem cells in glioblastoma (GB) to discuss the relationship between GB stem cells (GSCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). Their interaction is basically conceived as responsible for tumor growth, invasion and recurrence. Niches are described as the points of utmost expression of the tumor microenvironment (TME), therefore including everything in the tumor except for tumor cells: NSCs, reactive astrocytes, ECs, glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs), myeloid cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, etc. and all intrinsic and extrinsic signaling pathways. Perivascular (PVNs), perinecrotic (PNNs) and invasive niches were described from the pathological point of view, highlighting the basic significance of the EC/tumor stem cell couple. PNN development was reinterpreted based on the concept that hyperproliferative areas of GB are composed of GSCs/progenitors. TME was depicted in its function as the main regulator of everything that happens in the tumor. A particular emphasis was given to GAMs, pericytes and reactive astrocytes as important elements affecting proliferation, growth, invasion and resistance to therapies of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Schiffer
- Professore Emerito di Neurologia, Università di Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Laura Annovazzi
- Ex Centro Ricerche/Fondazione Policlinico di Monza, Via P. Micca 29, 13100 Vercelli, Italy.
| | - Cristina Casalone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Corona
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.
| | - Marta Mellai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Scuola di Medicina, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy.
- Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta-Onlus, Via Malta 3, 13900 Biella, Italy.
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Kwak M, Yu K, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide functions as a mucosal adjuvant to induce dendritic cell activation in mediastinal lymph node. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1618-1623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Flamar AL, Bonnabau H, Zurawski S, Lacabaratz C, Montes M, Richert L, Wiedemann A, Galmin L, Weiss D, Cristillo A, Hudacik L, Salazar A, Peltekian C, Thiebaut R, Zurawski G, Levy Y. HIV-1 T cell epitopes targeted to Rhesus macaque CD40 and DCIR: A comparative study of prototype dendritic cell targeting therapeutic vaccine candidates. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207794. [PMID: 30500852 PMCID: PMC6267996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection can be controlled by anti-retroviral drug therapy, but this is a lifetime treatment and the virus remains latent and rapidly rebounds if therapy is stopped. HIV-1-infected individuals under this drug regimen have increased rates of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmunity due to compromised immunity. A therapeutic vaccine boosting cellular immunity against HIV-1 is therefore desirable and, possibly combined with other immune modulating agents, could obviate the need for long-term drug therapies. An approach to elicit strong T cell-based immunity is to direct virus protein antigens specifically to dendritic cells (DCs), which are the key cell type for controlling immune responses. For eliciting therapeutic cellular immunity in HIV-1-infected individuals, we developed vaccines comprised of five T cell epitope-rich regions of HIV-1 Gag, Nef, and Pol (HIV5pep) fused to monoclonal antibodies that bind either, the antigen presenting cell activating receptor CD40, or the endocytic dendritic cell immunoreceptor DCIR. The study aimed to demonstrate vaccine safety, establish efficacy for broad T cell responses in both primed and naïve settings, and identify one candidate vaccine for human therapeutic development. The vaccines were administered to Rhesus macaques by intradermal injection with poly-ICLC adjuvant. The animals were either i) naïve or, ii) previously primed with modified vaccinia Ankara vector (MVA) encoding HIV-1 Gag, Pol, and Nef (MVA GagPolNef). In the MVA-primed groups, both DC-targeting vaccinations boosted HIV5pep-specific blood CD4+ T cells producing multiple cytokines, but did not affect the MVA-elicited CD8+ T cell responses. In the naive groups, both DC-targeting vaccines elicited antigen-specific polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses to multiple epitopes and these responses were unchanged by a subsequent MVA GagPolNef boost. In both settings, the T cell responses elicited via the CD40-targeting vaccine were more robust and were detectable in all the animals, favoring further development of the CD40-targeting vaccine for therapeutic vaccination of HIV-1-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Flamar
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and INSERM U955, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Henri Bonnabau
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and INSERM U955, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Inria SISTM, Université Bordeaux, ISPED, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Zurawski
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and INSERM U955, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Christine Lacabaratz
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service D’immunologie Clinique, Créteil, France
| | - Monica Montes
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and INSERM U955, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Laura Richert
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Inria SISTM, Université Bordeaux, ISPED, Bordeaux, France
| | - Aurelie Wiedemann
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service D’immunologie Clinique, Créteil, France
| | - Lindsey Galmin
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Deborah Weiss
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Anthony Cristillo
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Lauren Hudacik
- Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | | | - Cécile Peltekian
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and INSERM U955, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rodolphe Thiebaut
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Inria SISTM, Université Bordeaux, ISPED, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gerard Zurawski
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and INSERM U955, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Yves Levy
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service D’immunologie Clinique, Créteil, France
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Nanoparticles applied to cancer immunoregulation. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2018; 24:47-55. [PMID: 30425606 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim In recent years, we have seen a considerable increase in the relevance of nanostructures for the safe delivery of therapeutic agents and their capacity as an immunomodulatory tool. Materials and methods Potential clinical applications related to their unique structural properties have been described in the evolving landscape of immunotherapy. Results This review briefly summarizes the evidence for the role of nanoparticles in regulating the immune response. Conclusions Their main features to highlight how to provide an innovative means of biomedical application to oncology research.
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80
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Llopiz D, Ruiz M, Silva L, Sarobe P. Enhancement of Antitumor Vaccination by Targeting Dendritic Cell-Related IL-10. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1923. [PMID: 30233565 PMCID: PMC6129595 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding mechanisms associated to dendritic cell (DC) functions has allowed developing new antitumor therapeutic vaccination strategies. However, these vaccines have demonstrated limited clinical results. Although the low immunogenicity of tumor antigens used and the presence of tumor-associated suppressive factors may in part account for these results, intrinsic vaccine-related factors may also be involved. Vaccines modulate DC functions by inducing activating and inhibitory signals that determine ensuing T cell responses. In this mini review, we focus on IL-10, inhibitory cytokine induced in DC upon vaccination, which defines a suppressive cell subset, discussing its implications as a potential target in combined vaccination immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Llopiz
- Programa de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz
- Programa de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leyre Silva
- Programa de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pablo Sarobe
- Programa de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
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81
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Brooks N, Hsu J, Esparon S, Pouniotis D, Pietersz GA. Immunogenicity of a Tripartite Cell Penetrating Peptide Containing a MUC1 Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (VNTR) and A T Helper Epitope. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092233. [PMID: 30200528 PMCID: PMC6225367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide-based vaccines for cancer have many advantages however, for optimization these immunogens should incorporate peptide epitopes that induce CD8, as well as CD4 responses, antibody and long term immunity. Cell penetrating peptides (CPP) with a capacity of cytosolic delivery have been used to deliver antigenic peptides and proteins to antigen presenting cells to induce cytotoxic T cell, helper T cell and humoral responses in mice. For this study, a tripartite CPP including a mucin 1 (MUC1) variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) containing multiple T cell epitopes and tetanus toxoid universal T helper epitope peptide (tetCD4) was synthesised (AntpMAPMUC1tet) and immune responses investigated in mice. Mice vaccinated with AntpMAPMUC1tet + CpG show enhanced antigen-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-4 T cell responses compared with AntpMAPMUC1tet vaccination alone and induced a Th1 response, characterised by a higher ratio of IgG2a antibody/IgG1 antibodies. Furthermore, vaccination generated long term MUC1-specific antibody and T cell responses and delayed growth of MUC1+ve tumours in mice. This data demonstrates the efficient delivery of branched multiple antigen peptides incorporating CPP and that the addition of CpG augments immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Brooks
- School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, Plenty Road, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Hsu
- Bio-Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, Australia.
- Dendritic Cell Biology and Therapeutics Group, ANZAC Medical Research Institute, Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Rd, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Sandra Esparon
- Bio-Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, Australia.
| | - Dodie Pouniotis
- School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, Plenty Road, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Geoffrey A Pietersz
- Bio-Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne 3004, Australia.
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia.
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne 3021, Australia.
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82
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Gargett T, Abbas MN, Rolan P, Price JD, Gosling KM, Ferrante A, Ruszkiewicz A, Atmosukarto IIC, Altin J, Parish CR, Brown MP. Phase I trial of Lipovaxin-MM, a novel dendritic cell-targeted liposomal vaccine for malignant melanoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2018; 67:1461-1472. [PMID: 30014244 PMCID: PMC11028356 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2207-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this phase I study using a 3 + 3 dose escalation design, the safety, dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), immunogenicity and efficacy of intravenous Lipovaxin-MM-a multi-component dendritic cell-targeted liposomal vaccine against metastatic melanoma-was investigated. METHODS Twelve subjects with metastatic cutaneous melanoma were recruited in three cohorts. Patients in Cohort A (n = 3) and Cohort B (n = 3) received three doses of 0.1 and 1 mL of Lipovaxin-MM, respectively, every 4 weeks. Patients in Cohort C (n = 6) received four doses of 3 mL vaccine weekly. Immunologic assessments of peripheral blood were made at regular intervals and included leukocyte subsets, cytokine levels, and Lipovaxin-MM-specific T-cell and antibody reactivities. Tumor responses were assessed by RECIST v1.0 at screening, then 8 weekly in Cohorts A and B and 6 weekly in Cohort C. RESULTS Of a total of 94 adverse events (AEs) reported in ten subjects, 43 AEs in six subjects were considered to be possibly or probably vaccine-related. Most (95%) vaccine-related AEs were grade 1 or 2, two (5%) grade 3 vaccine-related AEs of anemia and lethargy were recorded, and higher grade AEs and DLTs were not observed. No consistent evidence of vaccine-specific humoral or cellular immune responses was found in post-immunization blood samples. One patient had a partial response, two patients had stable disease, and the remaining patients had progressive disease. CONCLUSIONS Lipovaxin-MM was well tolerated and without clinically significant toxicity. Immunogenicity of Lipovaxin-MM was not detected. Partial response and stable disease were observed in one and two patients, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Gargett
- Center for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M Nazim Abbas
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Paul Rolan
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | | | - Antonio Ferrante
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrew Ruszkiewicz
- Center for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Joseph Altin
- Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Christopher R Parish
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, the John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Michael P Brown
- Center for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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83
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Cheng L, Wang Q, Li G, Banga R, Ma J, Yu H, Yasui F, Zhang Z, Pantaleo G, Perreau M, Zurawski S, Zurawski G, Levy Y, Su L. TLR3 agonist and CD40-targeting vaccination induces immune responses and reduces HIV-1 reservoirs. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4387-4396. [PMID: 30148455 DOI: 10.1172/jci99005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of HIV-1 reservoirs and induction of anti-HIV-1 T cells are critical to control HIV-1 rebound after combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Here we evaluated in humanized mice (hu-mice) with persistent HIV-1 infection the therapeutic effect of TLR3 agonist and a CD40-targeting HIV-1 vaccine, which consists of a string of 5 highly conserved CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitope-rich regions of HIV-1 Gag, Nef, and Pol fused to the C-terminus of a recombinant anti-human CD40 antibody (αCD40.HIV5pep). We show that αCD40.HIV5pep vaccination coadministered with poly(I:C) adjuvant induced HIV-1-specific human CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses in hu-mice. Interestingly, poly(I:C) treatment also reactivated HIV-1 reservoirs. When administrated in therapeutic settings in HIV-1-infected hu-mice under effective cART, αCD40.HIV5pep with poly(I:C) vaccination induced HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells and reduced the level of cell-associated HIV-1 DNA (or HIV-1 reservoirs) in lymphoid tissues. Most strikingly, the vaccination significantly delayed HIV-1 rebound after cART cessation. In summary, the αCD40.HIV5pep with poly(I:C) vaccination approach both activates replication of HIV-1 reservoirs and enhances the anti-HIV-1 T cell response, leading to a reduced level of cell-associated HIV-1 DNA or reservoirs. Our proof-of-concept study has significant implication for the development of CD40-targeting HIV-1 vaccine to enhance anti-HIV-1 immunity and reduce HIV-1 reservoirs in patients with suppressive cART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cheng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and
| | | | - Riddhima Banga
- Service of Immunology and Allergy and.,Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Zheng Zhang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and.,Research Center for Clinical & Translational Medicine, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy and.,Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Service of Immunology and Allergy and.,Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Zurawski
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France.,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and INSERM U955, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Gerard Zurawski
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France.,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and INSERM U955, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yves Levy
- Vaccine Research Institute, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U955, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Service d'Immunologie Clinique, Créteil, France
| | - Lishan Su
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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84
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Rodgers AM, Cordeiro AS, Kissenpfennig A, Donnelly RF. Microneedle arrays for vaccine delivery: the possibilities, challenges and use of nanoparticles as a combinatorial approach for enhanced vaccine immunogenicity. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:851-867. [PMID: 30051726 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1505860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination is one of the greatest breakthroughs of modern preventative medicine. Despite this, there remain problems surrounding delivery, efficacy and compliance. Thus, there is a pressing need to develop cost-effective vaccine delivery systems that could expand the use of vaccines, particularly within developing countries. Microneedle (MN) arrays, given their ease of use, painlessness and ability to target skin antigen presenting cells, provide an attractive platform for improved vaccine delivery and efficacy. Studies have demonstrated enhanced immunogenicity with the use of MN in comparison to conventional needle. More recently, dissolving MN have been used for efficient delivery of nanoparticles (NP), as a means to enhance antigen immunogenicity. AREAS COVERED This review introduces the fields of MN technology and nanotechnology, highlighting the recent advances which have been made with these two technologies combined for enhanced vaccine delivery and efficacy. Some key questions that remain to be addressed for adoption of MN in a clinical setting are also evaluated. EXPERT OPINION MN-mediated vaccine delivery holds potential for expanding access to vaccines, with individuals in developing countries likely to be the principal beneficiaries. The combinatorial approach of utilizing MN coupled with NP, provides opportunities to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccine antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Maria Rodgers
- a School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , United Kingdom
| | - Ana Sara Cordeiro
- a School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , United Kingdom
| | - Adrien Kissenpfennig
- b Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , United Kingdom
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- a School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , United Kingdom
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85
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Osman N, Kaneko K, Carini V, Saleem I. Carriers for the targeted delivery of aerosolized macromolecules for pulmonary pathologies. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:821-834. [PMID: 30021074 PMCID: PMC6110405 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1502267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Macromolecules with unique effects and potency are increasingly being considered for application in lung pathologies. Numerous delivery strategies for these macromolecules through the lung have been investigated to improve the targeting and overall efficacy. AREAS COVERED Targeting approaches from delivery devices, formulation strategies and specific targets are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Although macromolecules are a heterogeneous group of molecules, a number of strategies have been investigated at the macro, micro, and nanoscopic scale for the delivery of macromolecules to specific sites and cells of lung tissues. Targeted approaches are already in use at the macroscopic scale through inhalation devices and formulations, but targeting strategies at the micro and nanoscopic scale are still in the laboratory stage. The combination of controlling lung deposition and targeting after deposition, through a combination of targeting strategies could be the future direction for the treatment of lung pathologies through the pulmonary route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Osman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kan Kaneko
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Valeria Carini
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Imran Saleem
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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86
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El-Ashmawy NE, El-Zamarany EA, Khedr EG, El-Bahrawy HA, El-Feky OA. Immunotherapeutic strategies for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with antigen-loaded dendritic cells: in vivo study. Clin Exp Med 2018; 18:535-546. [PMID: 30062618 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-018-0521-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major health problems in the world. DCs-based vaccines are a promising immunotherapeutic strategy that aims at the optimal for induction of a specific antitumor immune response and destruction of tumor cells. The present study was conducted to investigate the immunogenic characters of whole tumor lysate-pulsed DCs vaccine and its ability to induce a specific antitumor immune response in HCC mice model. We also evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic and therapeutic immunization strategies against HCC in mice models. Mice-derived DCs were in vitro loaded with whole tumor lysate prepared from liver tissue of HCC mice and evaluated for expression of surface maturation markers CD83 and CD86. In vivo immunization of mice with whole tumor lysate-pulsed DCs was performed in two strategies; prophylactic (pre-exposure to HCC) and therapeutic (post-exposure to HCC). Effectiveness of both protocols was investigated in terms of histopathological examination of liver sections and measurement of serum levels of immune cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). Loading of DCs with whole tumor cell lysate exhibited a significant increase in expression of CD83 and CD86. In vivo administration of prophylactic doses of whole tumor lysate-pulsed DCs in mice before induction of HCC evokes a strong antitumor immune response presented by absence of malignant cells in liver sections and the significant increase in IFN-γ and IL-2. Data herein indicated that prophylactic vaccination with whole tumor lysate-pulsed DCs exhibited an effective antitumor immune response against HCC more than therapeutic protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla E El-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Bahr Street, Tanta, El-Gharbiya, 31111, Egypt
| | - Enas A El-Zamarany
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Eman G Khedr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Bahr Street, Tanta, El-Gharbiya, 31111, Egypt
| | - Hoda A El-Bahrawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Bahr Street, Tanta, El-Gharbiya, 31111, Egypt
| | - Ola A El-Feky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El-Bahr Street, Tanta, El-Gharbiya, 31111, Egypt.
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87
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Kim HY, Kim SK, Seo HS, Jeong S, Ahn KB, Yun CH, Han SH. Th17 activation by dendritic cells stimulated with gamma-irradiated Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol Immunol 2018; 101:344-352. [PMID: 30036800 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in antigen presentation, which is an essential step for the induction of antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Inactivated bacterial whole cell vaccines have been widely used to prevent many bacterial infections because they elicit good immunogenicity due to the presence of various antigens and are relatively inexpensive and easy to manufacture. Recently, gamma-irradiated whole cells of nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae were developed as a broad-spectrum and serotype-independent multivalent vaccine. In the present study, we generated gamma-irradiated S. pneumoniae (r-SP) and investigated its capacity to stimulate mouse bone marrow-derived DCs (BM-DCs) in comparison with heat-inactivated and formalin-inactivated S. pneumoniae (h-SP and f-SP, respectively). r-SP showed an attenuated binding and internalization level to BM-DCs when compared to h-SP or f-SP. r-SP weakly induced the expression of CD80, CD83, CD86, MHC class I, and PD-L2 compared with h-SP or f-SP. Furthermore, r-SP less potently induced IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-23 expression than h-SP or f-SP but more potently induced IL-1β expression than h-SP or f-SP in BM-DCs. Since Th17-mediated immune responses are known to be important for the protection against pneumococcal infections, r-SP-primed DCs were co-cultured with splenocytes or splenic CD4+ T cells. Interestingly, r-SP-sensitized BM-DCs markedly induced IL-17A+ CD4+ T cells whereas h-SP- or f-SP-sensitized BM-DCs weakly induced them. Collectively, these results suggest that r-SP could be an effective pneumococcal vaccine candidate eliciting Th17-mediated immune responses by stimulation of DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI, and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Kyung Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI, and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Seong Seo
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Jeong
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI, and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Bum Ahn
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI, and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI, and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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88
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Flórez-Grau G, Zubizarreta I, Cabezón R, Villoslada P, Benitez-Ribas D. Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells as a Promising Antigen-Specific Therapy in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica From Preclinical to Clinical Trials. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1169. [PMID: 29904379 PMCID: PMC5990597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of activated T-lymphocytes restricted to myelin-derived immunogenic peptides in multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 water channel in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) in the blood of patients opened the possibility for developing highly selective and disease-specific therapeutic approaches. Antigen presenting cells and in particular dendritic cells (DCs) represent a strategy to inhibit pro-inflammatory T helper cells. DCs are located in peripheral and lymphoid tissues and are essential for homeostasis of T cell-dependent immune responses. The expression of a particular set of receptors involved in pathogen recognition confers to DCs the property to initiate immune responses. However, in the absence of danger signals different DC subsets have been revealed to induce active tolerance by inducing regulatory T cells, inhibiting pro-inflammatory T helper cells responses or both. Interestingly, several protocols to generate clinical-grade tolerogenic DC (Tol-DC) in vitro have been described, offering the possibility to restore the homeostasis to central nervous system-related antigens. In this review, we discuss about different DC subsets and their role in tolerance induction, the different protocols to generate Tol-DCs and preclinical studies in animal models as well as describe recent characterization of Tol-DCs for clinical application in autoimmune diseases and in particular in MS and NMO patients. In addition, we discuss the clinical trials ongoing based on Tol-DCs to treat different autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Flórez-Grau
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Clinic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain.,Neuroimmunology Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irati Zubizarreta
- Neuroimmunology Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Cabezón
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Clinic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain.,Neuroimmunology Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Villoslada
- Neuroimmunology Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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89
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Zhao L, Niu C, Shi X, Xu D, Li M, Cui J, Li W, Xu J, Jin H. Dendritic cells loaded with the lysate of tumor cells infected with Newcastle Disease Virus trigger potent anti-tumor immunity by promoting the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-2 from T cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1180-1188. [PMID: 30061941 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that are pivotal in the generation and sustainability of antitumor immune responses. Whole tumor cell lysates (TCLs) have been used as sources of tumor antigens for the development of DC vaccines. However, the clinical outcomes of the use of TCL-based DC vaccines have so far been unsatisfactory because of the weak immunogenicity of tumor cells. To improve the efficacy of TCL-based DC vaccines, viruses have been used to enhance the immunity of TCLs and to further enhance the antigen delivery and antigen-presenting ability of DCs. The aim of the present study was to improve the antigen-presenting ability of DCs and to use them to effectively activate T lymphocytes. The present study demonstrated that DCs loaded with the lysate of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)-infected tumor cells (NDV-TCL) have increased levels of cluster of differentiation 80 (CD80), CD86, CD83 and human leukocyte antigen-antigen D-associated expression, compared with those loaded with TCL alone. The DCs loaded with the NDV-TCL promoted T-cell proliferation and antitumor cytokine secretion from T cells. These results indicated that loading DCs with NDV-TCL could enhance the antigen-presenting ability of the DCs. On the basis of the results of the present study, we hypothesize that this method of loading DCs with NDV-TCL can be used to develop novel DC vaccines for tumor immunotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjing Zhao
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Chao Niu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiumin Shi
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Xu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Min Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jianting Xu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Haofan Jin
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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90
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Latest development on RNA-based drugs and vaccines. Future Sci OA 2018; 4:FSO300. [PMID: 29796303 PMCID: PMC5961404 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs and vaccines based on mRNA and RNA viruses show great potential and direct translation in the cytoplasm eliminates chromosomal integration. Limitations are associated with delivery and stability issues related to RNA degradation. Clinical trials on RNA-based drugs have been conducted in various disease areas. Likewise, RNA-based vaccines for viral infections and various cancers have been subjected to preclinical and clinical studies. RNA delivery and stability improvements include RNA structure modifications, targeting dendritic cells and employing self-amplifying RNA. Single-stranded RNA viruses possess self-amplifying RNA, which can provide extreme RNA replication in the cytoplasm to support RNA-based drug and vaccine development. Although oligonucleotide-based approaches have demonstrated potential, the focus here is on mRNA- and RNA virus-based methods. Drug development has suffered from inefficiency, side effects and high costs. For this reason novel approaches for drug discovery are of great importance. RNA-based methods provide the advantage of targeting ‘production’ of drugs to diseased cells and vaccines to immune response-stimulating cells. RNA drugs have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in eye and heart diseases and in various cancers in clinical trials. Likewise, RNA-based vaccines have provided protection against challenges with lethal doses of viruses such as Ebola and cancer cells in animal models.
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91
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Hos BJ, Tondini E, van Kasteren SI, Ossendorp F. Approaches to Improve Chemically Defined Synthetic Peptide Vaccines. Front Immunol 2018; 9:884. [PMID: 29755468 PMCID: PMC5932164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress made in peptide-based vaccinations to induce T-cell-dependent immune responses against cancer has invigorated the search for optimal vaccine modalities. Design of new vaccine strategies intrinsically depends on the knowledge of antigen handling and optimal epitope presentation in both major histocompatibility complex class I and -II molecules by professional antigen-presenting cells to induce robust CD8 and CD4 T-cell responses. Although there is a steady increase in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms that bridges innate and adaptive immunology, many questions remain to be answered. Moreover, we are in the early stage of exploiting this knowledge to clinical advantage. Several adaptations of peptide-based vaccines like peptide-adjuvant conjugates have been explored and showed beneficial outcomes in preclinical models; but in the clinical trials conducted so far, mixed results were obtained. A major limiting factor to unravel antigen handling mechanistically is the lack of tools to efficiently track peptide vaccines at the molecular and (sub)cellular level. In this mini-review, we will discuss options to develop molecular tools for improving, as well as studying, peptide-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett J Hos
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Elena Tondini
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sander I van Kasteren
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, The Institute for Chemical Immunology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ferry Ossendorp
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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92
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Rajendrakumar SK, Uthaman S, Cho CS, Park IK. Nanoparticle-Based Phototriggered Cancer Immunotherapy and Its Domino Effect in the Tumor Microenvironment. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:1869-1887. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Kalash Rajendrakumar
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
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93
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Laminarin promotes anti-cancer immunity by the maturation of dendritic cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38554-38567. [PMID: 28423736 PMCID: PMC5503553 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This research evaluates the effects of laminarin on the maturation of dendritic cells and on the in vivo activation of anti-cancer immunity. In vivo treatment of C56BL/6 mice with laminarin increased the expression levels of co-stimulatory molecules and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in spleen dendritic cells. Laminarin enhanced ovalbumin antigen presentation in spleen dendritic cells and promoted the proliferation of OT-I and OT-II T cells. Laminarin also induced the maturation of dendritic cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes and protected interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α and proliferation of OT-I and OT-II T cells in tumors. The combination treatment of laminarin and ovalbumin inhibited B16-ovallbumin melanoma tumor growth and its liver metastasis by antigen-specific immune activation, including cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation and interferon-γ production. Thus, these data demonstrated the potential of laminarin as a new and useful immune stimulatory molecule for use in cancer immunotherapy.
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94
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Shen L, Tenzer S, Storck W, Hobernik D, Raker VK, Fischer K, Decker S, Dzionek A, Krauthäuser S, Diken M, Nikolaev A, Maxeiner J, Schuster P, Kappel C, Verschoor A, Schild H, Grabbe S, Bros M. Protein corona-mediated targeting of nanocarriers to B cells allows redirection of allergic immune responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:1558-1570. [PMID: 29382591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticle (NP)-based vaccines are attractive immunotherapy tools because of their capability to codeliver antigen and adjuvant to antigen-presenting cells. Their cellular distribution and serum protein interaction ("protein corona") after systemic administration and their effect on the functional properties of NPs is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES We analyzed the relevance of the protein corona on cell type-selective uptake of dextran-coated NPs and determined the outcome of vaccination with NPs that codeliver antigen and adjuvant in disease models of allergy. METHODS The role of protein corona constituents for cellular binding/uptake of dextran-coated ferrous nanoparticles (DEX-NPs) was analyzed both in vitro and in vivo. DEX-NPs conjugated with the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and immunostimulatory CpG-rich oligodeoxynucleotides were administered to monitor the induction of cellular and humoral immune responses. Therapeutic effects of this DEX-NP vaccine in mouse models of OVA-induced anaphylaxis and allergic asthma were assessed. RESULTS DEX-NPs triggered lectin-induced complement activation, yielding deposition of activated complement factor 3 on the DEX-NP surface. In the spleen DEX-NPs targeted predominantly B cells through complement receptors 1 and 2. The DEX-NP vaccine elicited much stronger OVA-specific IgG2a production than coadministered soluble OVA plus CpG oligodeoxynucleotides. B-cell binding of the DEX-NP vaccine was critical for IgG2a production. Treatment of OVA-sensitized mice with the DEX-NP vaccine prevented induction of anaphylactic shock and allergic asthma accompanied by IgE inhibition. CONCLUSIONS Opsonization of lectin-coated NPs by activated complement components results in selective B-cell targeting. The intrinsic B-cell targeting property of lectin-coated NPs can be exploited for treatment of allergic immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Shen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wiebke Storck
- Institute for Immunology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dominika Hobernik
- Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Karl Fischer
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandra Decker
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Mustafa Diken
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexej Nikolaev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joachim Maxeiner
- Asthma Core Facility, Research Center for Immunotherapy, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Petra Schuster
- Asthma Core Facility, Research Center for Immunotherapy, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Cinja Kappel
- Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Admar Verschoor
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Schild
- Institute for Immunology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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95
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Zhang W, Yu X, Kwak M, Xu L, Zhang L, Yu Q, Jin JO. Maturation of dendritic cells by pullulan promotes anti-cancer effect. Oncotarget 2018; 7:44644-44659. [PMID: 27341129 PMCID: PMC5190125 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that pullulan, a polysaccharide purified from Aureobasidium pullulans, has immune-stimulatory effects on T and B cells. Moreover, pullulan has been used as a carrier in the delivery of the antigen (Ag) peptide to lymphoid tissues. However, the in vivo effect of pullulan on dendritic cells (DC) has not been well characterized. In this study, we assessed the effect of pullulan on DC activation and anti-cancer immunity. The results showed that the pullulan treatment up-regulated co-stimulatory molecule expression and enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine production in bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDC) in vitro and in spleen DCs in vivo. Moreover, the combination of ovalbumin (OVA) and pullulan induced OVA antigen-specific T cell activations in vivo. In tumor-bearing mice, pullulan induced the maturation of DCs in spleen and tumor draining lymph node (drLN), and promoted the OVA-specific T cell activation and migration of the T cells into the tumor. In addition, the combination of OVA and pullulan inhibited B16-OVA tumor growth and liver metastasis. The combination of tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2) peptide and pullulan treatment also suppressed B16 melanoma growth. Thus, the results demonstrated that pullulan enhanced DC maturation and function, and it acted as an adjuvant in promoting Ag-specific immune responses in mice. Thus, pullulan could be a new and useful adjuvant for use in therapeutic cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Periodontal Department, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - LiJun Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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96
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Zhang W, Okimura T, Xu L, Zhang L, Oda T, Kwak M, Yu Q, Jin JO. Ascophyllan functions as an adjuvant to promote anti-cancer effect by dendritic cell activation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:19284-98. [PMID: 27008707 PMCID: PMC4991383 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that ascophyllan, a sulfated polysaccharide purified from brown alga, has immune-activating effects. In this study, we evaluated ascophyllan as an adjuvant for its therapeutic and preventive effect on tumor in a mouse melanoma model. Ascophyllan induced migration of DCs to spleen and tumor-draining lymph node (drLN) in a mouse B16 melanoma model. Moreover, ascophyllan induced activation of dendritic cells (DCs), and promoted IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing Th1 immune responses in tumor-bearing mice. In addition, treatment with a combination of ascophyllan and ovalbumin (OVA) in the tumor-bearing mice promoted proliferation of OVA-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells and migration of those cells into the tumor, consequently inhibiting the tumor growth. Immunization with the combination of ascophyllan and OVA caused enhanced OVA-specific antibody production and memory T cell responses compared to OVA immunization alone, and almost completely prevented B16-OVA tumor growth upon subsequent tumor challenge. Finally, the combination of ascophyllan and OVA prevented B16-OVA tumor invasion and metastasis into the liver. Thus, these results demonstrate that ascophyllan can function as an adjuvant to induce DC activation, antigen specific CTL activation, Th1 immune response and antibody production, and hence may be useful as a therapeutic and preventive tumor vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Takasi Okimura
- Research and Development Division, Hayashikane Sangyo Co., Ltd., Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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97
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Ahmad S, Zamry AA, Tan HTT, Wong KK, Lim J, Mohamud R. Targeting dendritic cells through gold nanoparticles: A review on the cellular uptake and subsequent immunological properties. Mol Immunol 2017; 91:123-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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98
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Shang N, Figini M, Shangguan J, Wang B, Sun C, Pan L, Ma Q, Zhang Z. Dendritic cells based immunotherapy. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:2091-2102. [PMID: 29119057 PMCID: PMC5665855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells, and tumor antigen-loaded DCs (DC-vaccines) can activate tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in lymphatic tissues. DC vaccination is a newly emerging and potent form of cancer immunotherapy and has clinically relevant mechanisms of action with great potential for the systemic treatment of cancers. However, clinical trials have demonstrated relatively poor therapeutic efficacy. The efficacy of DC-vaccines is strongly influenced by various techniques for the priming antigen loading onto DCs and their ability to migrate to the draining lymph nodes (LNs). Therefore, it is critical to improve DC-vaccines homing to draining LNs after administration in order to optimize DC-based therapy for individual patients. This review underlines 1) appropriate strategy to load tumor antigens onto DCs and 2) to optimize vaccine administration methods to ensure loaded DCs can migrate to LNs, in particular, Intraperitoneal (IP) injection. IP injection of DC-based vaccine may be a potential regimen for gastrointestinal tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) since huge populations of LNs are present throughout the gastrointestinal track. Which might improve the subsequent migration to LNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Shang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Matteo Figini
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Junjie Shangguan
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Chong Sun
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Liang Pan
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Quanhong Ma
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago, IL, USA
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99
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Modulation of Dendritic Cell Apoptosis and CD8 + Cytotoxicity by Histamine: Role of Protein Kinase C. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:9402814. [PMID: 28947859 PMCID: PMC5602510 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9402814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are able to present extracellular antigens associated with the molecules of the major histocompatibility complex class I. In a previous work, we demonstrated that the histamine (HIS), acting through H1/H4 receptors, increases the cross-presentation of soluble ovalbumin by murine DC and can enhance the recruitment of specific CD8+ T lymphocytes during the development of chronic inflammatory responses. Here, we studied in more depth the mechanisms underlying this enhancement. We showed that the cytotoxicity of specific CD8+ lymphocytes is increased in HIS-treated DC and it is lost by inhibition of vacuolar-ATPase that prevents endosome acidification. It is known that HIS acts through G protein-coupled receptors. The H1/H4 receptors are associated with a Gq subunit, which involves PKC signaling, a pathway related to the apoptotic process. Interestingly, we demonstrated for the first time that HIS prevents DC apoptosis induced by heat shock through the inhibition of caspase-3, a mechanism dependent on PKC activation, since it is reversed by its inhibition. By contrast, cytolytic activity of T lymphocytes induced by HIS-stimulated DC was independent of PKC pathway.
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100
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Gerner MY, Casey KA, Kastenmuller W, Germain RN. Dendritic cell and antigen dispersal landscapes regulate T cell immunity. J Exp Med 2017; 214:3105-3122. [PMID: 28847868 PMCID: PMC5626399 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20170335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gerner et al. show that spatial compartmentalization in lymph nodes of DCs specialized for MHC I versus MHC II presentation determines the amount of antigen these cells capture after immunization and regulates the relative generation of CD4+ versus CD8+ T cell responses. Dendritic cell (DC) subsets with biased capacity for CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation are asymmetrically distributed in lymph nodes (LNs), but how this affects adaptive responses has not been extensively studied. Here we used quantitative imaging to examine the relationships among antigen dispersal, DC positioning, and T cell activation after protein immunization. Antigens rapidly drained into LNs and formed gradients extending from the lymphatic sinuses, with reduced abundance in the deep LN paracortex. Differential localization of DCs specialized for major histocompatibility complex I (MHC I) and MHC II presentation resulted in preferential activation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells within distinct LN regions. Because MHC I–specialized DCs are positioned in regions with limited antigen delivery, modest reductions in antigen dose led to a substantially greater decline in CD8+ compared with CD4+ T cell activation, expansion, and clonal diversity. Thus, the collective action of antigen dispersal and DC positioning regulates the extent and quality of T cell immunity, with important implications for vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kerry A Casey
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD
| | | | - Ronald N Germain
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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