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Sahai N, Gogoi M, Ahmad N. Mathematical Modeling and Simulations for Developing Nanoparticle-Based Cancer Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-020-00219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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52
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Fuentes-Fayos AC, Vázquez-Borrego MC, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Bejarano L, Pedraza-Arévalo S, L-López F, Blanco-Acevedo C, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Reyes O, Ventura S, Solivera J, Breunig JJ, Blasco MA, Gahete MD, Castaño JP, Luque RM. Splicing machinery dysregulation drives glioblastoma development/aggressiveness: oncogenic role of SRSF3. Brain 2020; 143:3273-3293. [PMID: 33141183 PMCID: PMC7904102 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas remain the deadliest brain tumour, with a dismal ∼12–16-month survival from diagnosis. Therefore, identification of new diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tools to tackle glioblastomas is urgently needed. Emerging evidence indicates that the cellular machinery controlling the splicing process (spliceosome) is altered in tumours, leading to oncogenic splicing events associated with tumour progression and aggressiveness. Here, we identify for the first time a profound dysregulation in the expression of relevant spliceosome components and splicing factors (at mRNA and protein levels) in well characterized cohorts of human high-grade astrocytomas, mostly glioblastomas, compared to healthy brain control samples, being SRSF3, RBM22, PTBP1 and RBM3 able to perfectly discriminate between tumours and control samples, and between proneural-like or mesenchymal-like tumours versus control samples from different mouse models with gliomas. Results were confirmed in four additional and independent human cohorts. Silencing of SRSF3, RBM22, PTBP1 and RBM3 decreased aggressiveness parameters in vitro (e.g. proliferation, migration, tumorsphere-formation, etc.) and induced apoptosis, especially SRSF3. Remarkably, SRSF3 was correlated with patient survival and relevant tumour markers, and its silencing in vivo drastically decreased tumour development and progression, likely through a molecular/cellular mechanism involving PDGFRB and associated oncogenic signalling pathways (PI3K-AKT/ERK), which may also involve the distinct alteration of alternative splicing events of specific transcription factors controlling PDGFRB (i.e. TP73). Altogether, our results demonstrate a drastic splicing machinery-associated molecular dysregulation in glioblastomas, which could potentially be considered as a source of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for glioblastomas. Remarkably, SRSF3 is directly associated with glioblastoma development, progression, aggressiveness and patient survival and represents a novel potential therapeutic target to tackle this devastating pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Mari C Vázquez-Borrego
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Leire Bejarano
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Pedraza-Arévalo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Fernando L-López
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Blanco-Acevedo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Sánchez-Sánchez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Pathology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Oscar Reyes
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Computer Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Sebastián Ventura
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Computer Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan Solivera
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Joshua J Breunig
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Center for Neural Sciences in Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - María A Blasco
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
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Ke XX, Zhang R, Zhong X, Zhang L, Cui H. Deficiency of G9a Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Activates Autophagy via Transcriptionally Regulating c-Myc Expression in Glioblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:593964. [PMID: 33330479 PMCID: PMC7729084 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.593964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive and difficult to treat cancer. Recent data have emerged implicating that histone modification level may play a crucial role in glioma genesis. The histone lysine methyltransferase G9a is mainly responsible for the mono- and di-methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9), whose overexpression is associated with a more aggressive phenotype in cancer. However, the detailed correlations between G9a and glioblastoma genesis remain to be further elucidated. Here, we show that G9a is essential for glioblastoma carcinogenesis and reveal a probable mechanism of it in cell proliferation control. We found that G9a was highly expressed in glioblastoma cells, and knockdown or inhibition of G9a significantly repressed cell proliferation and tumorigenesis ability both in vitro and in vivo. Besides, knockdown or inhibition of G9a led to a cell cycle arrest in G2 phase, as well as decreased the expression of CDK1, CDK2, Cyclin A2, and Cyclin B1, while it induced the activation of autophagy. Further investigation showed that G9a deficiency induced cell proliferation suppression, and activation of autophagy was rescued by overexpression of the full-length c-Myc. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay showed that G9a was enriched on the −2267 to −1949 region of the c-Myc promoter in LN-229 cells and the −1949 to −1630 region of the c-Myc promoter in U-87 MG cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that c-Myc promoter activity was significantly reduced after knockdown or inhibition of G9a. Our study shows that G9a controls glioblastoma cell proliferation by transcriptionally modulating oncogene c-Myc and provides insight into the capabilities of G9a working as a potential therapeutic target in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xue Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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54
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Daisy Precilla S, Kuduvalli SS, Thirugnanasambandhar Sivasubramanian A. Disentangling the therapeutic tactics in GBM: From bench to bedside and beyond. Cell Biol Int 2020; 45:18-53. [PMID: 33049091 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common and malignant form of adult brain tumor with a high mortality rate and dismal prognosis. The present standard treatment comprising surgical resection followed by radiation and chemotherapy using temozolomide can broaden patient's survival to some extent. However, the advantages are not palliative due to the development of resistance to the drug and tumor recurrence following the multimodal treatment approaches due to both intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity of GBM. One of the major contributors to temozolomide resistance is O6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase. Furthermore, deficiency of mismatch repair, base excision repair, and cytoprotective autophagy adds to temozolomide obstruction. Rising proof additionally showed that a small population of cells displaying certain stem cell markers, known as glioma stem cells, adds on to the resistance and tumor progression. Collectively, these findings necessitate the discovery of novel therapeutic avenues for treating glioblastoma. As of late, after understanding the pathophysiology and biology of GBM, some novel therapeutic discoveries, such as drug repurposing, targeted molecules, immunotherapies, antimitotic therapies, and microRNAs, have been developed as new potential treatments for glioblastoma. To help illustrate, "what are the mechanisms of resistance to temozolomide" and "what kind of alternative therapeutics can be suggested" with this fatal disease, a detailed history of these has been discussed in this review article, all with a hope to develop an effective treatment strategy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Daisy Precilla
- Central Inter-Disciplinary Research Facility, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, India
| | - Shreyas S Kuduvalli
- Central Inter-Disciplinary Research Facility, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to-be University), Puducherry, India
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55
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Wolin IAV, Heinrich IA, Nascimento APM, Welter PG, Sosa LDV, De Paul AL, Zanotto-Filho A, Nedel CB, Lima LD, Osterne VJS, Pinto-Junior VR, Nascimento KS, Cavada BS, Leal RB. ConBr lectin modulates MAPKs and Akt pathways and triggers autophagic glioma cell death by a mechanism dependent upon caspase-8 activation. Biochimie 2020; 180:186-204. [PMID: 33171216 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive type of glioma, with limited treatment and poor prognosis. Despite some advances over the last decade, validation of novel and selective antiglioma agents remains a challenge in clinical pharmacology. Prior studies have shown that leguminous lectins may exert various biological effects, including antitumor properties. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the mechanisms underlying the antiglioma activity of ConBr, a lectin extracted from the Canavalia brasiliensis seeds. ConBr at lower concentrations inhibited C6 glioma cell migration while higher levels promoted cell death dependent upon carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) structure. ConBr increased p38MAPK and JNK and decreased ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation. Moreover, ConBr inhibited mTORC1 phosphorylation associated with accumulation of autophagic markers, such as acidic vacuoles and LC3 cleavage. Inhibition of early steps of autophagy with 3-methyl-adenine (3-MA) partially protected whereas the later autophagy inhibitor Chloroquine (CQ) had no protective effect upon ConBr cytotoxicity. ConBr also augmented caspase-3 activation without affecting mitochondrial function. Noteworthy, the caspase-8 inhibitor IETF-fmk attenuated ConBr induced autophagy and C6 glioma cell death. Finally, ConBr did not show cytotoxicity against primary astrocytes, suggesting a selective antiglioma activity. In summary, our results indicate that ConBr requires functional CRD lectin domain to exert antiglioma activity, and its cytotoxicity is associated with MAPKs and Akt pathways modulation and autophagy- and caspase-8- dependent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid A V Wolin
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Programa de Pós-graduação Em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Isabella A Heinrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Programa de Pós-graduação Em Neurociências, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula M Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Programa de Pós-graduação Em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Priscilla G Welter
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Programa de Pós-graduação Em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Liliana Del V Sosa
- Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de La Salud (INICSA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Lucia De Paul
- Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de La Salud (INICSA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alfeu Zanotto-Filho
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Programa de Pós-graduação Em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Beatriz Nedel
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Gliomas, Programa de Pós-graduação Em Biologia Celular e Do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lara Dias Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BioMolLab, Universidade Federal Do Ceará, CEP, 60020-181, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Jose Silva Osterne
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BioMolLab, Universidade Federal Do Ceará, CEP, 60020-181, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Kyria S Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BioMolLab, Universidade Federal Do Ceará, CEP, 60020-181, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Benildo S Cavada
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, BioMolLab, Universidade Federal Do Ceará, CEP, 60020-181, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo B Leal
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Programa de Pós-graduação Em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica e Programa de Pós-graduação Em Neurociências, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Benyettou F, Das G, Nair AR, Prakasam T, Shinde DB, Sharma SK, Whelan J, Lalatonne Y, Traboulsi H, Pasricha R, Abdullah O, Jagannathan R, Lai Z, Motte L, Gándara F, Sadler KC, Trabolsi A. Covalent Organic Framework Embedded with Magnetic Nanoparticles for MRI and Chemo-Thermotherapy. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18782-18794. [PMID: 33090806 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale imine-linked covalent organic frameworks (nCOFs) were first loaded with the anticancer drug Doxorubicin (Dox), coated with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3 NPs), and stabilized with a shell of poly(l-lysine) cationic polymer (PLL) for simultaneous synergistic thermo-chemotherapy treatment and MRI imaging. The pH responsivity of the resulting nanoagents (γ-SD/PLL) allowed the release of the drug selectively within the acidic microenvironment of late endosomes and lysosomes of cancer cells (pH 5.4) and not in physiological conditions (pH 7.4). γ-SD/PLL could efficiently generate high heat (48 °C) upon exposure to an alternating magnetic field due to the nCOF porous structure that facilitates the heat conduction, making γ-SD/PLL excellent heat mediators in an aqueous solution. The drug-loaded magnetic nCOF composites were cytotoxic due to the synergistic toxicity of Dox and the effects of hyperthermia in vitro on glioblastoma U251-MG cells and in vivo on zebrafish embryos, but they were not significantly toxic to noncancerous cells (HEK293). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of multimodal MRI probe and chemo-thermotherapeutic magnetic nCOF composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Benyettou
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gobinda Das
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anjana Ramdas Nair
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Digambar B Shinde
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sudhir Kumar Sharma
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jamie Whelan
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yoann Lalatonne
- Inserm, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France.,Services de Biochimie et Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Avicenne Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, F-93009 Bobigny, France
| | - Hassan Traboulsi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Renu Pasricha
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Osama Abdullah
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ramesh Jagannathan
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zhiping Lai
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Laurence Motte
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, LVTS, INSERM, UMR 1148, F-93000 Bobigny, France
| | - Felipe Gándara
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kirsten C Sadler
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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57
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Ibeanu N, Egbu R, Onyekuru L, Javaheri H, Tee Khaw P, R. Williams G, Brocchini S, Awwad S. Injectables and Depots to Prolong Drug Action of Proteins and Peptides. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E999. [PMID: 33096803 PMCID: PMC7589296 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins and peptides have emerged in recent years to treat a wide range of multifaceted diseases such as cancer, diabetes and inflammation. The emergence of polypeptides has yielded advancements in the fields of biopharmaceutical production and formulation. Polypeptides often display poor pharmacokinetics, limited permeability across biological barriers, suboptimal biodistribution, and some proclivity for immunogenicity. Frequent administration of polypeptides is generally required to maintain adequate therapeutic levels, which can limit efficacy and compliance while increasing adverse reactions. Many strategies to increase the duration of action of therapeutic polypeptides have been described with many clinical products having been developed. This review describes approaches to optimise polypeptide delivery organised by the commonly used routes of administration. Future innovations in formulation may hold the key to the continued successful development of proteins and peptides with optimal clinical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkiruka Ibeanu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Raphael Egbu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Lesley Onyekuru
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Hoda Javaheri
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Peng Tee Khaw
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Gareth R. Williams
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Steve Brocchini
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Sahar Awwad
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
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Flak DK, Adamski V, Nowaczyk G, Szutkowski K, Synowitz M, Jurga S, Held-Feindt J. AT101-Loaded Cubosomes as an Alternative for Improved Glioblastoma Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7415-7431. [PMID: 33116479 PMCID: PMC7549312 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s265061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction AT101, the R-(-)-enantiomer of the cottonseed-derived polyphenol gossypol, is a promising drug in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) therapy due to its ability to trigger autophagic cell death but also to facilitate apoptosis in tumor cells. It does have some limitations such as poor solubility in water-based media and consequent low bioavailability, which affect its response rate during treatment. To overcome this drawback and to improve the anti-cancer potential of AT101, the use of cubosome-based formulation for AT101 drug delivery has been proposed. This is the first report on the use of cubosomes as AT101 drug carriers in GBM cells. Materials and Methods Cubosomes loaded with AT101 were prepared from glyceryl monooleate (GMO) and the surfactant Pluronic F-127 using the top-down approach. The drug was introduced into the lipid prior to dispersion. Prepared formulations were then subjected to complex physicochemical and biological characterization. Results Formulations of AT101-loaded cubosomes were highly stable colloids with a high drug entrapment efficiency (97.7%) and a continuous, sustained drug release approaching 35% over 72 h. Using selective and sensitive NMR diffusometry, the drug was shown to be efficiently bound to the lipid-based cubosomes. In vitro imaging studies showed the high efficiency of cubosomal nanoparticles uptake into GBM cells, as well as their marked ability to penetrate into tumor spheroids. Treatment of GBM cells with the AT101-loaded cubosomes, but not with the free drug, induced cytoskeletal rearrangement and shortening of actin fibers. The prepared nanoparticles revealed stronger in vitro cytotoxic effects against GBM cells (A172 and LN229 cell lines), than against normal brain cells (SVGA and HMC3 cell lines). Conclusion The results indicate that GMO-AT101 cubosome formulations are a promising basic tool for alternative approaches to GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota K Flak
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Vivian Adamski
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Grzegorz Nowaczyk
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kosma Szutkowski
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Jurga
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Janka Held-Feindt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Long non-coding RNA HOTAIRM1 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of glioma cells by regulating the miR-873-5p/ZEB2 axis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133:174-182. [PMID: 31929367 PMCID: PMC7028173 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma is one of the most common malignant brain tumors. Conventional clinical treatment of glioblastoma is not sufficient, and the molecular mechanism underlying the initiation and development of this disease remains unclear. Our study aimed to explore the expression and function of miR-873a-5p in glioblastoma and related molecular mechanism. Methods We analyzed the most dysregulated microRNAs from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and examined the expression of miR-873-5p in 20 glioblastoma tissues compared with ten normal brain tissues collected in the Zhejiang Tongde Hospital. We then overexpressed or inhibited miR-873-5p expression in U87 glioblastoma cell lines and analyzed the phenotype using the cell counting kit-8 assay, wound healing assay, and apoptosis. In addition, we predicted upstream and downstream genes of miR-873-5p in glioblastoma using bioinformatics analysis and tested our hypothesis in U87 cells using the luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blotting assay. The differences between two groups were analyzed by Student's t test. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for the comparison of multiple groups. A P < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results The miR-873-5p was downregulated in glioblastoma tissues compared with that in normal brain tissues (normal vs. tumor, 0.762 ± 0.231 vs. 0.378 ± 0.114, t = 4.540, P < 0.01). Overexpression of miR-873-5p inhibited cell growth (t = 6.095, P < 0.01) and migration (t = 3.142, P < 0.01) and promoted cell apoptosis (t = 4.861, P < 0.01), while inhibition of miR-873-5p had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, the long non-coding RNA HOTAIRM1 was found to act as a sponge of miR-873-5p to activate ZEB2 expression in U87 cells. Conclusions We uncovered a novel HOTAIRM1/miR-873-5p/ZEB2 axis in glioblastoma cells, providing new insight into glioblastoma progression and a theoretical basis for the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Diosgenin as a Novel Alternative Therapy for Inhibition of Growth, Invasion, and Angiogenesis Abilities of Different Glioblastoma Cell Lines. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2336-2351. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Tantillo E, Vannini E, Cerri C, Spalletti C, Colistra A, Mazzanti CM, Costa M, Caleo M. Differential roles of pyramidal and fast-spiking, GABAergic neurons in the control of glioma cell proliferation. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 141:104942. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Hanif S, Muhammad P, Chesworth R, Rehman FU, Qian RJ, Zheng M, Shi BY. Nanomedicine-based immunotherapy for central nervous system disorders. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:936-953. [PMID: 32467570 PMCID: PMC7468531 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders represent a broad spectrum of brain ailments with short- and long-term disabilities, and nanomedicine-based approaches provide a new therapeutic approach to treating CNS disorders. A variety of potential drugs have been discovered to treat several neuronal disorders; however, their therapeutic success can be limited by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, unique immune functions within the CNS provide novel target mechanisms for the amelioration of CNS diseases. Recently, various therapeutic approaches have been applied to fight brain-related disorders, with moderate outcomes. Among the various therapeutic strategies, nanomedicine-based immunotherapeutic systems represent a new era that can deliver useful cargo with promising pharmacokinetics. These approaches exploit the molecular and cellular targeting of CNS disorders for enhanced safety, efficacy, and specificity. In this review, we focus on the efficacy of nanomedicines that utilize immunotherapy to combat CNS disorders. Furthermore, we detailed summarize nanomedicine-based pathways for CNS ailments that aim to deliver drugs across the BBB by mimicking innate immune actions. Overview of how nanomedicines can utilize multiple immunotherapy pathways to combat CNS disorders. ![]()
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Trigonelline-loaded chitosan nanoparticles prompted antitumor activity on glioma cells and biocompatibility with pheochromocytoma cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:36-43. [PMID: 32585274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Trigonelline-loaded water-soluble chitosan nanoparticles (Trigo-WSCS NPs) were prepared for the treatment of glioblastoma (targeting C6 glioma cells) and also evaluated its biocompatibility with rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells). WSCS-Trigo NPs characteristics were determined using UV-Visible spectrophotometer, FTIR, XRD, TEM, DLS, and Zeta potential. Trigo-WSCS NPs were noted to have a spherical shape, with an average size of 356 nm. Trigo-WSCS NPs zeta potential was 30.9 mv, which expresses its good stability. The WSCS-Trigo NPs considerably inhibited the growth of rat C6 glioma cells and exhibited an IC50 concentration of 34 μg/mL. Further, Trigo-WSCS NPs were biocompatible with PC12 cells in terms of enhancing neurite growth and differentiation. In conclusion, Trigo-WSCS NPs could act as an antitumor drug for the treatment of glioblastoma as suggested by the in vitro studies.
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Salmani T, Ghaderian SMH, Hajiesmaeili M, Mirghaed OR, Rakhshan A, Nasiri MJ, Mohammadi M. Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A and miR-671-5p expression profile in Iranian glioblastoma multiforme. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kuo YC, Rajesh R. Biomaterial-based drug delivery systems used to improve chemotherapeutic activity of pharmaceuticals and to target inhibitors of apoptosis proteins. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shi H, Sun S, Xu H, Zhao Z, Han Z, Jia J, Wu D, Lu J, Liu H, Yu R. Combined Delivery of Temozolomide and siPLK1 Using Targeted Nanoparticles to Enhance Temozolomide Sensitivity in Glioma. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3347-3362. [PMID: 32494134 PMCID: PMC7229804 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s243878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapeutic option to treat glioma; however, its efficacy and clinical application are limited by its drug resistance properties. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1)-targeted therapy causes G2/M arrest and increases the sensitivity of glioma to TMZ. Therefore, to limit TMZ resistance in glioma, an angiopep-2 (A2)-modified polymeric micelle (A2PEC) embedded with TMZ and a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting PLK1 (siPLK1) was developed (TMZ-A2PEC/siPLK). MATERIALS AND METHODS TMZ was encapsulated by A2-PEG-PEI-PCL (A2PEC) through the hydrophobic interaction, and siPLK1 was complexed with the TMZ-A2PEC through electrostatic interaction. Then, an angiopep-2 (A2) modified polymeric micelle (A2PEC) embedding TMZ and siRNA targeting polo-like kinase 1 (siPLK1) was developed (TMZ-A2PEC/siPLK). RESULTS In vitro experiments indicated that TMZ-A2PEC/siPLK effectively enhanced the cellular uptake of TMZ and siPLK1 and resulted in significant cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity of glioma cells. In vivo experiments showed that glioma growth was inhibited, and the survival time of the animals was prolonged remarkably after TMZ-A2PEC/siPLK1 was injected via their tail vein. DISCUSSION The results demonstrate that the combination of TMZ and siPLK1 in A2PEC could enhance the efficacy of TMZ in treating glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyue Xu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongren Zhao
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengzhong Han
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Jia
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Delgado‐Martín B, Medina MÁ. Advances in the Knowledge of the Molecular Biology of Glioblastoma and Its Impact in Patient Diagnosis, Stratification, and Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902971. [PMID: 32382477 PMCID: PMC7201267 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. They arise in the glial tissue and primarily occur in the brain. Low-grade tumors of World Health Organization (WHO) grade II tend to progress to high-grade gliomas of WHO grade III and, eventually, glioblastoma of WHO grade IV, which is the most common and deadly glioma, with a median survival of 12-15 months after final diagnosis. Knowledge of the molecular biology and genetics of glioblastoma has increased significantly in the past few years, giving rise to classification methods that can help in management and stratification of glioblastoma patients. However, glioblastoma remains an incurable disease. Glioblastoma cells have acquired genetic and metabolic adaptations in order to sustain tumor growth and progression, including changes in energetic metabolism, invasive capacity, migration, and angiogenesis, that make it very difficult to find suitable therapeutic targets and to develop effective drugs. The current standard of care for glioblastoma patients is surgery followed by radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide. Although progress in glioblastoma therapies in recent years has been more limited than in other tumors, numerous drugs and targets are being proposed and many clinical trials are underway to develop effective subtype-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Delgado‐Martín
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryFaculty of SciencesCampus de Teatinos s/nUniversity of MálagaMálagaE‐29071Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryFaculty of SciencesCampus de Teatinos s/nUniversity of MálagaMálagaE‐29071Spain
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga)MálagaE‐29071Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)MálagaE‐29071Spain
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Chen G, Chen Z, Zhao H. MicroRNA-155-3p promotes glioma progression and temozolomide resistance by targeting Six1. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5363-5374. [PMID: 32220051 PMCID: PMC7205810 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of glioma is generally poor and is the cause of primary malignancy in the brain. The role of microRNAs has been implicated in tumour inhibition or activation. In several cancers, the Six1 signalling pathway has been found to be aberrant and also relates to the formation of tumours. We analysed the database for expression profiles and clinical specimens of various grades of glioma to assess microRNA-155-3p (miR-155-3p) expression. The role of miR-155-3p in glioblastoma, cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis and resistance to temozolomide was assessed in vitro through flow cytometry and cell proliferation assays. Bioinformatics analyses, and assays using luciferase reporter, and immunoblotting revealed that miR-155-3p targets Six1 and that the relationship between glioma and healthy brain tissues was significantly inverse. In rescue experiments, overexpressed Six1 revoked the changes in cell cycle distribution, proliferation and resistance to temozolomide estimated by apoptosis induced by overexpressed miR-155-3p. MiR-155-3p inhibition reduced glioma cell growth and proliferation in the brain of a mouse model and increased the survival of mice with gliomas. Thus, miR-155-3p modulates Six1 expression and facilitates the progression of glioblastoma and resistance to temozolomide and may act as a novel diagnostic biomarker and a target for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyong Chen
- Neurosurgery DepartmentChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Neurosurgery DepartmentChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Hang Zhao
- Neurosurgery DepartmentChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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Ferraris C, Cavalli R, Panciani PP, Battaglia L. Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier: Successes and Challenges in Developing Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Brain Tumours. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2999-3022. [PMID: 32431498 PMCID: PMC7201023 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s231479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are still characterized by a poor prognosis, despite recent advances in surgical treatment. Chemotherapy is currently practiced after surgery, but its efficacy is limited by aspecific toxicity on healthy cells, tumour cell chemoresistance, poor selectivity, and especially by the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Thus, despite the large number of potential drug candidates, the choice of effective chemotherapeutics is still limited to few compounds. Malignant gliomas are characterized by high infiltration and neovascularization, and leaky BBB (the so-called blood–brain tumour barrier); surgical resection is often incomplete, leaving residual cells that are able to migrate and proliferate. Nanocarriers can favour delivery of chemotherapeutics to brain tumours owing to different strategies, including chemical stabilization of the drug in the bloodstream; passive targeting (because of the leaky vascularization at the tumour site); inhibition of drug efflux mechanisms in endothelial and cancer cells; and active targeting by exploiting carriers and receptors overexpressed at the blood–brain tumour barrier. Within this concern, a suitable nanomedicine-based therapy for gliomas should not be limited to cytotoxic agents, but also target the most important pathogenetic mechanisms, including cell differentiation pathways and angiogenesis. Moreover, the combinatorial approach of cell therapy plus nanomedicine strategies can open new therapeutical opportunities. The major part of attempted preclinical approaches on animal models involves active targeting with protein ligands, but, despite encouraging results, a few number of nanomedicines reached clinical trials, and most of them include drug-loaded nanocarriers free of targeting ligands, also because of safety and scalability concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ferraris
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Panciani
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Shu C, Li Q. Current advances in PD-1/PD-L1 axis-related tumour-infiltrating immune cells and therapeutic regimens in glioblastoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 151:102965. [PMID: 32442903 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant tumour in the brain, and current treatments are not curative and cannot control recurrence. This limitation indirectly places immunotherapy at the focus of translational GBM research. Many studies on the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in GBM are ongoing, and the immunosuppressive mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 in GBM is different from that in other solid tumours. This review focuses on the effect of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis on infiltrating immune cells in the suppressive GBM immune microenvironment and summarizes the recent progress in PD-1/PD-L1 axis-related therapies reported in preclinical and clinical GBM studies, providing a reference for the systematic study of PD-1/PD-L1 axis-related anti-GBM immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Shu
- Tianjin Cerebral Vascular and Neural Degenerative Disease Key Laboratory, Tianjin Neurosurgery Institute, Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qingguo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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Zhang L, Chen D, Zhang J, Cai R, Xu L, Yu N, Zhang S, Yan H, Jiang J, Du F, Gong A. A novel cholchicine/gadolinium-loading tubulin self-assembly nanocarrier for MR imaging and chemotherapy of glioma. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:255601. [PMID: 32126545 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab7c48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the therapeutic efficiency and reduce side effects from drug delivery and chemotherapy, image-guided nanoscale systems have attracted tremendous attention in recent decades. In this study, we developed a novel method to fabricate a colchicine/gadolinium-loaded tubulin self-assembly nanocarrier (Col-Gd@Tub NC) for the image-guided chemotherapy of glioma. The Col-Gd@Tub NCs were spontaneously formed via tubulin self-assembly and were subsequently functionalized by colchicine and gadolinium elements. These resultant Col-Gd@Tub NCs with a diameter of 45 nm exhibited uniform particle size distribution and favorable stability without any leakage of gadolinium in water. Meanwhile, the introduction of gadolinium endowed Col-Gd@Tub NCs with high T 1-weighted MRI performance in vitro. After tail vein injection, Col-Gd@Tub NCs exhibited excellent MRI contrast capability and relatively long circulation time (∼12 h) and were finally cleared out from the bladder. More significantly, the binding colchicine still exerted an anti-tumor effect after the Col-Gd@Tub NCs were taken up by the tumor cells. These results show that the Col-Gd@Tub NCs may be served as a versatile nanoscale platform for the integration of biomedical imaging probes and therapeutic molecules for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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Piffaretti D, Burgio F, Thelen M, Kaelin-Lang A, Paganetti P, Reinert M, D'Angelo ML. Corrigendum to "Protoporphyrin IX tracer fluorescence modulation for improved brain tumor cell lines visualization". JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 205:111828. [PMID: 32163836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence image guided surgical resection (FIGR) of high grade gliomas (HGGs) takes advantage of the accumulation of the tracer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in glioma cells following administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Occasionally, PpIX fluorescence intensity may be insufficient, thus compromising the efficacy and precision of the surgical intervention. The cause for the signal variation is unclear and strategies to improve the intensity of PpIX fluorescence are considered necessary. We have previously shown that differential expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor in glioblastoma cells affects PpIX fluorescence. Herein, we investigated other factors impairing PpIX accumulation and pharmacological treatments able to enhance PpIX fluorescence in glioblastoma cells displaying lower signal. In the present study we demonstrate that presence of serum in cell culture medium and differences in cellular confluence can negatively influence PpIX accumulation in U87 cell lines. We hypothesized that PpIX fluorescence intensity results from the interplay between the metabolic clearance of PpIX mediated by ferrochelatase (FECH) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the cellular efflux of PpIX through the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). Based on the availability of compounds targeting these proteins and inhibiting them, in this study we used modulators such as genistein, an isoflavone able to inhibit ABCG2; deferoxamine, which chelate iron ions impairing FECH activity and tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP), the specific HO-1 inhibitor. Finally, we showed the efficacy of a precisely tuned pharmacological treatment in increasing PpIX accumulation and consequently fluorescence in glioblastoma cells. This strategy may translate in more sensitive tracing of tumor cells in-vivo and improved FIGR of HGGs and possibly low grade gliomas (LGGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Piffaretti
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Floriana Burgio
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW), Muttenz, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alain Kaelin-Lang
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Neurosciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Paganetti
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Reinert
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Luisa D'Angelo
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland
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Drake LR, Hillmer AT, Cai Z. Approaches to PET Imaging of Glioblastoma. Molecules 2020; 25:E568. [PMID: 32012954 PMCID: PMC7037643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest type of brain tumor, affecting approximately three in 100,000 adults annually. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging provides an important non-invasive method of measuring biochemically specific targets at GBM lesions. These powerful data can characterize tumors, predict treatment effectiveness, and monitor treatment. This review will discuss the PET imaging agents that have already been evaluated in GBM patients so far, and new imaging targets with promise for future use. Previously used PET imaging agents include the tracers for markers of proliferation ([11C]methionine; [18F]fluoro-ethyl-L-tyrosine, [18F]Fluorodopa,[18F]fluoro-thymidine, and [18F]clofarabine), hypoxia sensing ([18F]FMISO, [18F]FET-NIM, [18F]EF5, [18F]HX4, and [64Cu]ATSM), and ligands for inflammation. As cancer therapeutics evolve toward personalized medicine and therapies centered on tumor biomarkers, the development of complimentary selective PET agents can dramatically enhance these efforts. Newer biomarkers for GBM PET imaging are discussed, with some already in use for PET imaging other cancers and neurological disorders. These targets include Sigma 1, Sigma 2, programmed death ligand 1, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase. For GBM, these imaging agents come with additional considerations such as blood-brain barrier penetration, quantitative modeling approaches, and nonspecific binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey R. Drake
- Yale PET Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (A.T.H.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Radiology and Bioimaging Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Ansel T. Hillmer
- Yale PET Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (A.T.H.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Radiology and Bioimaging Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Zhengxin Cai
- Yale PET Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (A.T.H.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Radiology and Bioimaging Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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74
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Zhao M, van Straten D, Broekman ML, Préat V, Schiffelers RM. Nanocarrier-based drug combination therapy for glioblastoma. Theranostics 2020; 10:1355-1372. [PMID: 31938069 PMCID: PMC6956816 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current achievements in treating glioblastoma (GBM) patients are not sufficient because many challenges exist, such as tumor heterogeneity, the blood brain barrier, glioma stem cells, drug efflux pumps and DNA damage repair mechanisms. Drug combination therapies have shown increasing benefits against those challenges. With the help of nanocarriers, enhancement of the efficacy and safety could be gained using synergistic combinations of different therapeutic agents. In this review, we will discuss the major issues for GBM treatment, the rationales of drug combinations with or without nanocarriers and the principle of enhanced permeability and retention effect involved in nanomedicine-based tumor targeting and promising nanodiagnostics or -therapeutics. We will also summarize the recent progress and discuss the clinical perspectives of nanocarrier-based combination therapies. The goal of this article was to provide better understanding and key considerations to develop new nanomedicine combinations and nanotheranostics options to fight against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Zhao
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue Mounier, 73, B1 73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Demian van Straten
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marike L.D. Broekman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Véronique Préat
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue Mounier, 73, B1 73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Raymond M. Schiffelers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
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75
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Preclinical evaluation of binimetinib (MEK162) delivered via polymeric nanocarriers in combination with radiation and temozolomide in glioma. J Neurooncol 2019; 146:239-246. [PMID: 31875307 PMCID: PMC6971148 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive subtype of malignant gliomas, with an average survival rate of 15 months after diagnosis. More than 90% of all GBMs have activating mutations in the MAPK/ERK pathway. Recently, we showed the allosteric MEK1/2 inhibitor binimetinib (MEK162) to inhibit cell proliferation and to enhance the effect of radiation in preclinical human GBM models. Because the free drug cannot pass the blood–brain barrier (BBB), we investigated the use of nanocarriers for transport of the drug through the BBB and its efficacy when combined with radiotherapy and temozolomide (TMZ) in glioma spheroids. Methods In vitro studies were performed using multicellular U87 human GBM spheroids. Polymeric nanocarriers (polymersomes) were loaded with MEK162. The interaction between nanocarrier delivered MEK162, irradiation and TMZ was studied on the kinetics of spheroid growth and on protein expression in the MAPK/ERK pathway. BBB passaging was evaluated in a transwell system with human cerebral microvascular endothelial (hCMEC/D3) cells. Results MEK162 loaded polymersomes inhibited spheroid growth. A synergistic effect was found in combination with fractionated irradiation and an additive effect with TMZ on spheroid volume reduction. Fluorescent labeled polymersomes were taken up by human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells and passed the BBB in vitro. Conclusion MEK162 loaded polymersomes are taken up by multicellular spheroids. The nanocarrier delivered drug reduced spheroid growth and inhibited its molecular target. MEK162 delivered via polymersomes showed interaction with irradiation and TMZ. The polymersomes crossed the in vitro BBB model and therewith offer exciting challenges ahead for delivery of therapeutics agents to brain tumours.
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76
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Gozzi M, Murganic B, Drača D, Popp J, Coburger P, Maksimović‐Ivanić D, Mijatović S, Hey‐Hawkins E. Quinoline-Conjugated Ruthenacarboranes: Toward Hybrid Drugs with a Dual Mode of Action. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:2061-2074. [PMID: 31675152 PMCID: PMC6973020 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The role of autophagy in cancer is often complex, ranging from tumor-promoting to -suppressing effects. In this study, two novel hybrid molecules were designed, containing a ruthenacarborane fragment conjugated with a known modulator of autophagy, namely a quinoline derivative. The complex closo-[3-(η6 -p-cymene)-1-(quinolin-8-yl-acetate)-3,1,2-RuC2 B9 H10 ] (4) showed a dual mode of action against the LN229 (human glioblastoma) cell line, where it inhibited tumor-promoting autophagy, and strongly inhibited cell proliferation, de facto blocking cellular division. These results, together with the tendency to spontaneously form nanoparticles in aqueous solution, make complex 4 a very promising drug candidate for further studies in vivo, for the treatment of autophagy-prone glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gozzi
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryLeipzig UniversityJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
| | - Blagoje Murganic
- National Institute of Republic of Serbia Department of Immunology Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”University of BelgradeBul. despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - Dijana Drača
- National Institute of Republic of Serbia Department of Immunology Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”University of BelgradeBul. despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - John Popp
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryLeipzig UniversityJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
| | - Peter Coburger
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryLeipzig UniversityJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
| | - Danijela Maksimović‐Ivanić
- National Institute of Republic of Serbia Department of Immunology Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”University of BelgradeBul. despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- National Institute of Republic of Serbia Department of Immunology Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”University of BelgradeBul. despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - Evamarie Hey‐Hawkins
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryLeipzig UniversityJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
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77
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Nasal Drug Delivery of Anticancer Drugs for the Treatment of Glioblastoma: Preclinical and Clinical Trials. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234312. [PMID: 31779126 PMCID: PMC6930669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal form of brain tumor, being characterized by the rapid growth and invasion of the surrounding tissue. The current standard treatment for glioblastoma is surgery, followed by radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy, typically with temozolomide. Although extensive research has been carried out over the past years to develop a more effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of GBM, efforts have not provided major improvements in terms of the overall survival of patients. Consequently, new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Overcoming the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a major challenge in the development of therapies for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In this context, the intranasal route of drug administration has been proposed as a non-invasive alternative route for directly targeting the CNS. This route of drug administration bypasses the BBB and reduces the systemic side effects. Recently, several formulations have been developed for further enhancing nose-to-brain transport, mainly with the use of nano-sized and nanostructured drug delivery systems. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the strategies that have been developed for delivering anticancer compounds for the treatment of GBM while using nasal administration. In particular, the specific properties of nanomedicines proposed for nose-to-brain delivery will be critically evaluated. The preclinical and clinical data considered supporting the idea that nasal delivery of anticancer drugs may represent a breakthrough advancement in the fight against GBM.
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78
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Su BC, Wu TH, Hsu CH, Chen JY. Distribution of positively charged amino acid residues in antimicrobial peptide epinecidin-1 is crucial for in vitro glioblastoma cytotoxicity and its underlying mechanisms. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 315:108904. [PMID: 31758921 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epinecidin-1 (epi) was identified from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) and exhibits diverse biological activities. The aims of this study were to investigate how the distribution of positively charged amino acid residues affects epi-mediated cytotoxicity and to examine the molecular mechanism underlying epi-induced cytotoxicity in U87MG human glioblastoma cells. MTS/PMS and trypan blue exclusion assay were used to measure cell viability. Necrotic cell death was confirmed by detecting cyclophilin A release and propidium iodide incorporation. DNA damage was evaluated by measuring phosphorylated H2AX. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by flow cytometry using dihydroergotamine. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by flow cytometry using tetramethylrhodamine, ethyl ester. Overall, we found that epi caused cytotoxicity in U87MG cells by inducing DNA damage and necrosis through mitochondrial hyperpolarization and subsequent ROS production. The proper folding of epi into an α-helical structure was essential for epi-mediated anti-glioblastoma effects. In addition, NFκB signaling was activated in U87MG cells after exposure to epi. Suppression of NFκB further enhanced epi-induced cytotoxicity, ROS generation and DNA damage, indicating that NFκB may play a protective role in epi-induced cytotoxicity. Our findings may be useful for the design and improvement of antimicrobial peptides with anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Chyuan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Wu
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hua Hsu
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Yih Chen
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Road, Jiaushi, Ilan, 262, Taiwan.
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79
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Tovar MA, Parkhurst A, Matuczinski E, Balenger S, Giancarlo LC. Synthesis of a superparamagnetic iron oxide based nano-complex for targeted cell death of glioblastoma cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:465101. [PMID: 31323657 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab33d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the last ten years, there has been little advancement in the treatment of the aggressive brain cancer Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). This research describes the synthesis of a superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPION)-based nanotheraputic complex for use in targeting and killing aggressive mesenchymal GBM cells. The average sizes and magnetic properties of the synthesized SPIONs are tailored via a novel time-controlled approach to a previously described electrochemical reaction. Through this synthetic method, the optimal particle size where maximal thermal energy is released upon stimulation with an external magnetic field was determined to be 21 nm. The nano-complex was further modified to selectively target GBM cells by adding a heterobifunctional poly(ethylene) glycol polymer crosslinked to TWEAK (a GBM targeting peptide). Preliminary investigation with FITC Annexin V/propidium iodide fluorescent probes and transmission electron microscopy revealed biochemical and morphological evidence of both SPION internalization and cytotoxic effects over the course of three hours. Thus, these nano-complexes hold promise as a potential treatment agent for an otherwise untreatable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Tovar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA, United States of America
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Piffaretti D, Burgio F, Thelen M, Kaelin-Lang A, Paganetti P, Reinert M, D'Angelo ML. Protoporphyrin IX tracer fluorescence modulation for improved brain tumor cell lines visualization. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 201:111640. [PMID: 31734545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence image guided surgical resection (FIGR) of high grade gliomas (HGGs) takes advantage of the accumulation of the tracer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in glioma cells following administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Occasionally, PpIX fluorescence intensity may be insufficient, thus compromising the efficacy and precision of the surgical intervention. The cause for the signal variation is unclear and strategies to improve the intensity of PpIX fluorescence are considered necessary. We have previously shown that differential expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor in glioblastoma cells affects PpIX fluorescence. Herein, we investigated other factors impairing PpIX accumulation and pharmacological treatments able to enhance PpIX fluorescence in glioblastoma cells displaying lower signal. In the present study we demonstrate that presence of serum in cell culture medium and differences in cellular confluence can negatively influence PpIX accumulation in U87 cell lines. We hypothesized that PpIX fluorescence intensity results from the interplay between the metabolic clearance of PpIX mediated by ferrochelatase and heme oxygenase-1 and the cellular efflux of PpIX through the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). Based on the availability of compounds targeting these proteins and inhibiting them, in this study we used modulators such as genistein, an isoflavone able to inhibit ABCG2; deferoxamine, which chelate iron ions impairing FECH activity and tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP), the specific HO-1 inhibitor. Finally, we showed the efficacy of a precisely tuned pharmacological treatment in increasing PpIX accumulation and consequently fluorescence in glioblastoma cells. This strategy may translate in more sensitive tracing of tumor cells in-vivo and improved FIGR of HGGs and possibly low grade gliomas (LGGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Piffaretti
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Floriana Burgio
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW), Muttenz, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alain Kaelin-Lang
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Neurosciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Paganetti
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Reinert
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Luisa D'Angelo
- Laboratory for Biomedical Neurosciences, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Cantonale Ospedaliero, Torricella-Taverne, Switzerland
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Ji J, Xu R, Ding K, Bao G, Zhang X, Huang B, Wang X, Martinez A, Wang X, Li G, Miletic H, Thorsen F, Bjerkvig R, Xiang L, Han B, Chen A, Li X, Wang J. Long Noncoding RNA SChLAP1 Forms a Growth-Promoting Complex with HNRNPL in Human Glioblastoma through Stabilization of ACTN4 and Activation of NF-κB Signaling. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6868-6881. [PMID: 31492748 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) have essential roles in diverse cellular processes, both in normal and diseased cell types, and thus have emerged as potential therapeutic targets. A specific member of this family, the SWI/SNF complex antagonist associated with prostate cancer 1 (SChLAP1), has been shown to promote aggressive prostate cancer growth by antagonizing the SWI/SNF complex and therefore serves as a biomarker for poor prognosis. Here, we investigated whether SChLAP1 plays a potential role in the development of human glioblastoma (GBM). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN RNA-ISH and IHC were performed on a tissue microarray to assess expression of SChLAP1 and associated proteins in human gliomas. Proteins complexed with SChLAP1 were identified using RNA pull-down and mass spectrometry. Lentiviral constructs were used for functional analysis in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS SChLAP1 was increased in primary GBM samples and cell lines, and knockdown of the lncRNA suppressed growth. SChLAP1 was found to bind heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (HNRNPL), which stabilized the lncRNA and led to an enhanced interaction with the protein actinin alpha 4 (ACTN4). ACTN4 was also highly expressed in primary GBM samples and was associated with poorer overall survival in glioma patients. The SChLAP1-HNRNPL complex led to stabilization of ACTN4 through suppression of proteasomal degradation, which resulted in increased nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB and activation of NF-κB signaling, a pathway associated with cancer development. CONCLUSIONS Our results implicated SChLAP1 as a driver of GBM growth as well as a potential therapeutic target in treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China
| | - Kaikai Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqing Bao
- Biomedical and Multimedia Information Technologies Group, School of Information Technologies, The University of Sydney, J12/1 Cleveland St, Darlington, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China
| | - Aurora Martinez
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Xiuying Wang
- Biomedical and Multimedia Information Technologies Group, School of Information Technologies, The University of Sydney, J12/1 Cleveland St, Darlington, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China
| | - Hrvoje Miletic
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Brain Tumor Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frits Thorsen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Brain Tumor Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,The Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf Bjerkvig
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Brain Tumor Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Lei Xiang
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Anjing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China. .,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Shandong, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China. .,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Brain Tumor Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Moquin A, Sturn J, Zhang I, Ji J, von Celsing R, Vali H, Maysinger D, Kakkar A. Unraveling Aqueous Self-Assembly of Telodendrimers to Shed Light on Their Efficacy in Drug Encapsulation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:4515-4526. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Moquin
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jessica Sturn
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Issan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jeff Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Richard von Celsing
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Hojatollah Vali
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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83
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Zanganeh S, Georgala P, Corbo C, Arabi L, Ho JQ, Javdani N, Sepand MR, Cruickshank K, Campesato LF, Weng C, Hemayat S, Andreou C, Alvim R, Hutter G, Rafat M, Mahmoudi M. Immunoengineering in glioblastoma imaging and therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 11:e1575. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Zanganeh
- Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research New York New York
| | | | - Claudia Corbo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB University of Milano‐Bicocca Milan Italy
| | - Leila Arabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Jim Q. Ho
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx New York
| | - Najme Javdani
- Institute De Recherche Clinique De Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | | | | | | | - Chien‐Huan Weng
- Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research New York New York
| | | | - Chrysafis Andreou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Ricardo Alvim
- Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research New York New York
| | - Gregor Hutter
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB University of Milano‐Bicocca Milan Italy
| | - Marjan Rafat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee
- Department of Radiation Oncology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Precision Health Program Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan
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84
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Current and Future Trends on Diagnosis and Prognosis of Glioblastoma: From Molecular Biology to Proteomics. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080863. [PMID: 31405017 PMCID: PMC6721640 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Due to the absence of effective pharmacological and surgical treatments, the identification of early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is of key importance to improve the survival rate of patients and to develop new personalized treatments. On these bases, the aim of this review article is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the application of molecular biology and proteomics techniques for the identification of novel biomarkers through the analysis of different biological samples obtained from glioblastoma patients, including DNA, microRNAs, proteins, small molecules, circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles, etc. Both benefits and pitfalls of molecular biology and proteomics analyses are discussed, including the different mass spectrometry-based analytical techniques, highlighting how these investigation strategies are powerful tools to study the biology of glioblastoma, as well as to develop advanced methods for the management of this pathology.
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85
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Manikandan C, Kaushik A, Sen D. Viral vector: potential therapeutic for glioblastoma multiforme. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:270-279. [PMID: 31316136 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a highly malignant primary brain tumour found in adults and is highlighted as the most devastating among all the other grades of glioma. Well-established standard treatment methods, such as chemotherapy, radiation and surgery, have resulted in modest improvement in the survival of patients. Hence, the arduous search for novel treatments backed by advancements in molecular biology still persists. Glioblastoma has many distinctive characteristics, which makes it a potential candidate for gene therapy. Gene therapy involves the delivery of genetic material of therapeutic use into tumour cells, which produces a specific antitumour response. Moreover, viruses stimulate a vigorous cytotoxic effect, they are easily modifiable and the inherent property of horizontal transfer of genetic material makes them valuable tools for genetic engineering. In this review, we have enlisted the various viral vectors employed in gene therapy for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceera Manikandan
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Akshita Kaushik
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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86
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Civita P, Franceschi S, Aretini P, Ortenzi V, Menicagli M, Lessi F, Pasqualetti F, Naccarato AG, Mazzanti CM. Laser Capture Microdissection and RNA-Seq Analysis: High Sensitivity Approaches to Explain Histopathological Heterogeneity in Human Glioblastoma FFPE Archived Tissues. Front Oncol 2019; 9:482. [PMID: 31231613 PMCID: PMC6568189 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Laser capture microdissection (LCM) coupled with RNA-seq is a powerful tool to identify genes that are differentially expressed in specific histological tumor subtypes. To better understand the role of single tumor cell populations in the complex heterogeneity of glioblastoma, we paired microdissection and NGS technology to study intra-tumoral differences into specific histological regions and cells of human GBM FFPE tumors. We here isolated astrocytes, neurons and endothelial cells in 6 different histological contexts: tumor core astrocytes, pseudopalisading astrocytes, perineuronal astrocytes in satellitosis, neurons with satellitosis, tumor blood vessels, and normal blood vessels. A customized protocol was developed for RNA amplification, library construction, and whole transcriptome analysis of each single portion. We first validated our protocol comparing the obtained RNA expression pattern with the gene expression levels of RNA-seq raw data experiments from the BioProject NCBI database, using Spearman's correlation coefficients calculation. We found a good concordance for pseudopalisading and tumor core astrocytes compartments (0.5 Spearman correlation) and a high concordance for perineuronal astrocytes, neurons, normal, and tumor endothelial cells compartments (0.7 Spearman correlation). Then, Principal Component Analysis and differential expression analysis were employed to find differences between tumor compartments and control tissue and between same cell types into distinct tumor contexts. Data consistent with the literature emerged, in which multiple therapeutic targets significant for glioblastoma (such as Integrins, Extracellular Matrix, transmembrane transport, and metabolic processes) play a fundamental role in the disease progression. Moreover, specific cellular processes have been associated with certain cellular subtypes within the tumor. Our results are promising and suggest a compelling method for studying glioblastoma heterogeneity in FFPE samples and its application in both prospective and retrospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Valerio Ortenzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
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87
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Grodzik M, Szczepaniak J, Strojny-Cieslak B, Hotowy A, Wierzbicki M, Jaworski S, Kutwin M, Soltan E, Mandat T, Lewicka A, Chwalibog A. Diamond Nanoparticles Downregulate Expression of CycD and CycE in Glioma Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081549. [PMID: 31010146 PMCID: PMC6515518 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that diamond nanoparticles (NDs) exhibited antiangiogenic and proapoptotic properties in vitro in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells and in tumors in vivo. Moreover, NDs inhibited adhesion, leading to the suppression of migration and invasion of GBM. In the present study, we hypothesized that the NDs might also inhibit proliferation and cell cycle in glioma cells. Experiments were performed in vitro with the U87 and U118 lines of GBM cells, and for comparison, the Hs5 line of stromal cells (normal cells) after 24 h and 72 h of treatment. The analyses included cell morphology, cell death, viability, and cell cycle analysis, double timing assay, and gene expression (Rb, E2F1, CycA, CycB, CycD, CycE, PTEN, Ki-67). After 72 h of ND treatment, the expression level of Rb, CycD, and CycE in the U118 cells, and E2F1, CycD, and CycE in the U87 cells were significantly lower in comparison to those in the control group. We observed that decreased expression of cyclins inhibited the G1/S phase transition, arresting the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase in glioma cells. The NDs did not affect the cell cycle as well as PTEN and Ki-67 expression in normal cells (Hs5), although it can be assumed that the NDs reduced proliferation and altered the cell cycle in fast dividing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grodzik
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jaroslaw Szczepaniak
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Barbara Strojny-Cieslak
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Hotowy
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Wierzbicki
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Slawomir Jaworski
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Kutwin
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Emilia Soltan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oncology Center- Maria Sklodowska Curie Memorial, Warsaw, Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Mandat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oncology Center- Maria Sklodowska Curie Memorial, Warsaw, Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aneta Lewicka
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Andre Chwalibog
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 3, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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88
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Nadeem Abbas M, Kausar S, Wang F, Zhao Y, Cui H. Advances in Targeting the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Pathway by Synthetic Products and Its Regulation by Epigenetic Modulators As a Therapy for Glioblastoma. Cells 2019; 8:cells8040350. [PMID: 31013819 PMCID: PMC6523687 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary tumor of the nervous system, and approximately 50% of patients exhibit the most aggressive form of the cancer, glioblastoma. The biological function of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in tumorigenesis and progression has been established in various types of cancers, since it is overexpressed, mutated, or dysregulated. Its overexpression has been shown to be associated with enhanced metastatic potential in glioblastoma, with EGFR at the top of a downstream signaling cascade that controls basic functional properties of glioblastoma cells such as survival, cell proliferation, and migration. Thus, EGFR is considered as an important therapeutic target in glioblastoma. Many anti-EGFR therapies have been investigated both in vivo and in vitro, making their way to clinical studies. However, in clinical trials, the potential efficacy of anti-EGFR therapies is low, primarily because of chemoresistance. Currently, a range of epigenetic drugs including histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, DNA methylation and histone inhibitors, microRNA, and different types of EGFR inhibitor molecules are being actively investigated in glioblastoma patients as therapeutic strategies. Here, we describe recent knowledge on the signaling pathways mediated by EGFR/EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) with regard to current therapeutic strategies to target EGFR/EGFRvIII amplified glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Cancer center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Saima Kausar
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Cancer center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Cancer center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yongju Zhao
- College of Animal and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Cancer center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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89
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Bettmann MA. Intraoperative MRI for Treatment of High-Grade Glioma: Is It Cost-effective? Radiology 2019; 291:698-699. [PMID: 30917295 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019190337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Bettmann
- From the Professor of Radiology Emeritus, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 70 Three Mile Rd, Etna, NH 03750
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90
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Cova TFGG, Bento DJ, Nunes SCC. Computational Approaches in Theranostics: Mining and Predicting Cancer Data. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E119. [PMID: 30871264 PMCID: PMC6471740 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to understand the complexity of cancer-related data has been prompted by the applications of (1) computer and data sciences, including data mining, predictive analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, and (2) advances in imaging technology and probe development. Computational modelling and simulation are systematic and cost-effective tools able to identify important temporal/spatial patterns (and relationships), characterize distinct molecular features of cancer states, and address other relevant aspects, including tumor detection and heterogeneity, progression and metastasis, and drug resistance. These approaches have provided invaluable insights for improving the experimental design of therapeutic delivery systems and for increasing the translational value of the results obtained from early and preclinical studies. The big question is: Could cancer theranostics be determined and controlled in silico? This review describes the recent progress in the development of computational models and methods used to facilitate research on the molecular basis of cancer and on the respective diagnosis and optimized treatment, with particular emphasis on the design and optimization of theranostic systems. The current role of computational approaches is providing innovative, incremental, and complementary data-driven solutions for the prediction, simplification, and characterization of cancer and intrinsic mechanisms, and to promote new data-intensive, accurate diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia F G G Cova
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Daniel J Bento
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Sandra C C Nunes
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
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91
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BET inhibitor I-BET151 sensitizes GBM cells to temozolomide via PUMA induction. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:226-234. [PMID: 30518782 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-018-0068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A significant roadblock in treatment of GBM multiforme (GBM) is resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). In this study, we investigated whether I-BET151, a specific BET inhibitor, could sensitize GBM cells to TMZ. Our findings showed that the action of I-BET151 could augment the effect of TMZ on cancer cells U251 and U87 cells. In U251 cells, administration of I-BET151 increased the TMZ-induced apoptosis GBM cells. I-BET151 remarkably enhanced the activities of caspase-3. In addition, I-BET151 promoted TMZ-induced migration and invasion in GBM cells. Moreover, I-BET151 increased the amount of reactive oxygen species as well as superoxide anions with a decrease of activity of SOD and the anti-oxidative properties of GBM cells. I-BET151 also induced increased PUMA expression, which is required for the functions of I-BET151 and regulates the synergistic cytotoxic effects of i-BET151 and TMZ in GBM cells. I-BET151 with TMZ also showed synergistic cytotoxic effects in vivo. These point out to an approach to tackle GBM using TMZ along with BET inhibitors.
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92
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Ganipineni LP, Ucakar B, Joudiou N, Riva R, Jérôme C, Gallez B, Danhier F, Préat V. Paclitaxel-loaded multifunctional nanoparticles for the targeted treatment of glioblastoma. J Drug Target 2019; 27:614-623. [PMID: 30633585 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1567738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We hypothesised that the active targeting of αvβ3 integrin overexpressed in neoangiogenic blood vessels and glioblastoma (GBM) cells combined with magnetic targeting of paclitaxel- and SPIO-loaded PLGA-based nanoparticles could improve accumulation of nanoparticles in the tumour and therefore improve the treatment of GBM. METHODS PTX/SPIO PLGA nanoparticles with or without RGD-grafting were characterised. Their in vitro cellular uptake and cytotoxicity was evaluated by fluorospectroscopy and MTT assay. In vivo safety and anti-tumour efficacy of different targeting strategies were evaluated in orthotopic U87MG tumour model over multiple intravenous injections. RESULTS The nanoparticles of 250 nm were negatively charged. RGD targeted nanoparticles showed a specific and higher cellular uptake than untargeted nanoparticles by activated U87MG and HUVEC cells. In vitro IC50 of PTX after 48 h was ∼1 ng/mL for all the PTX-loaded nanoparticles. The median survival time of the mice treated with magnetic targeted nanoparticles was higher than the control (saline) mice or mice treated with other evaluated strategies. The 6 doses of PTX did not induce any detectable toxic effects on liver, kidney and heart when compared to Taxol. CONCLUSION The magnetic targeting strategy resulted in a better therapeutic effect than the other targeting strategies (passive, active).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Pallavi Ganipineni
- a Université Catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Bernard Ucakar
- a Université Catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Nicolas Joudiou
- b Université Catholique de Louvain, Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies Platform (NEST), Louvain Drug Research Institute , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Raphaël Riva
- c University of Liège, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit , Liège , Belgium
| | - Christine Jérôme
- c University of Liège, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit , Liège , Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- b Université Catholique de Louvain, Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies Platform (NEST), Louvain Drug Research Institute , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Fabienne Danhier
- a Université Catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Véronique Préat
- a Université Catholique de Louvain, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute , Brussels , Belgium
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93
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Studies examining the synergy between Dihydrotanshinone and Temozolomide against MGMT+ glioblastoma cells in vitro: Predicting interactions with the blood-brain barrier. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:386-390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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94
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Pinel S, Thomas N, Boura C, Barberi-Heyob M. Approaches to physical stimulation of metallic nanoparticles for glioblastoma treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 138:344-357. [PMID: 30414495 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant brain tumor. Despite new knowledges on the genetic characteristics, conventional therapy for GBM, tumor resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy using temozolomide is limited in efficacy due to high rate of recurrence. GBM is indeed one of the most complex and difficult cancer to treat mainly due to its highly invasive properties and the standard treatments are thus rarely curative. Major challenges in the treatment of GBM are the limitation of irreversible brain damage, the infiltrative part of the tumor which is the ultimate cause of recurrence, the difficulty of identifying tumor margins and disseminated tumor cells, and the transport across the blood-brain barrier in order to obtain a sufficient therapeutic effect for pharmalogical agents. Considering these limitations, this review explores the in vivo potential of metal-based nanoparticles for hyperthermia, radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy. This article describes and clearly outlines the recent in vivo advances using innovative therapeutic metallic nanoparticles such as iron oxide, silver, gadolinium and gold nanoparticles.
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95
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Golán I, Rodríguez de la Fuente L, Costoya JA. NK Cell-Based Glioblastoma Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E522. [PMID: 30567306 PMCID: PMC6315402 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10120522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and most common malignant primary brain tumor diagnosed in adults. GB shows a poor prognosis and, unfortunately, current therapies are unable to improve its clinical outcome, imposing the need for innovative therapeutic approaches. The main reason for the poor prognosis is the great cell heterogeneity of the tumor mass and its high capacity for invading healthy tissues. Moreover, the glioblastoma microenvironment is capable of suppressing the action of the immune system through several mechanisms such as recruitment of cell modulators. Development of new therapies that avoid this immune evasion could improve the response to the current treatments for this pathology. Natural Killer (NK) cells are cellular components of the immune system more difficult to deceive by tumor cells and with greater cytotoxic activity. Their use in immunotherapy gains strength because they are a less toxic alternative to existing therapy, but the current research focuses on mimicking the NK attack strategy. Here, we summarize the most recent studies regarding molecular mechanisms involved in the GB and immune cells interaction and highlight the relevance of NK cells in the new therapeutic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Golán
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxia, CiMUS, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Laura Rodríguez de la Fuente
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxia, CiMUS, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Jose A Costoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory MOL, Departamento de Fisioloxia, CiMUS, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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96
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Kydd J, Jadia R, Rai P. Co-Administered Polymeric Nano-Antidotes for Improved Photo-Triggered Response in Glioblastoma. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10040226. [PMID: 30423822 PMCID: PMC6321570 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer-based nanoparticles (NPs) are useful vehicles in treating glioblastoma because of their favorable characteristics such as small size and ability to cross the blood–brain barrier, as well as reduced immunogenicity and side effects. The use of a photosensitizer drug such as Verteporfin (BPD), in combination with a pan-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), Cediranib (CED), encapsulated in NPs will provide the medical field with new research on the possible ways to treat glioblastoma. Concomitant administration of BPD and CED NPs have the potential to induce dual photocytotoxic and cytostatic effects in U87 MG cells by (1) remotely triggering BPD through photodynamic therapy by irradiating laser at 690 nm and subsequent production of reactive oxygen species and (2) inhibiting cell proliferation by VEGFR interference and growth factor signaling mechanisms which may allow for longer progression free survival in patients and fewer systemic side effects. The specific aims of this research were to synthesize, characterize and assess cell viability and drug interactions for polyethylene-glycolated (PEGylated) polymeric based CED and BPD NPs which were less than 100 nm in size for enhanced permeation and retention effects. Synergistic effects were found using the co-administered therapies compared to the individual drugs. The major goal of this research was to investigate a new combination of photodynamic-chemotherapy drugs in nano-formulation for increased efficacy in glioblastoma treatment at reduced concentrations of therapeutics for enhanced drug delivery in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janel Kydd
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Program, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Rahul Jadia
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Program, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Prakash Rai
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Program, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
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97
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Saw PE, Zhang A, Nie Y, Zhang L, Xu Y, Xu X. Tumor-Associated Fibronectin Targeted Liposomal Nanoplatform for Cyclophilin A siRNA Delivery and Targeted Malignant Glioblastoma Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1194. [PMID: 30386245 PMCID: PMC6199375 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain cancer that has a very low survival rate. With the rapid development of nanotechnology in the past few decades, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) for nucleic acid delivery is expected to have a revolutionary impact on GBM therapy. However, clinical success in GBM therapy remains a formidable challenge, mainly due to suboptimal in vivo delivery of therapeutics to glioma cells. Herein, we developed an aptamer-like peptide (aptide)-decorated liposomal nanoplatform for systemic small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery and targeted GBM therapy. This nanoplatform is mainly composed of the following key components: (i) classic liposome structure with an aqueous core that can encapsulate therapeutic siRNA; (ii) hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains on the outer shell to prolong blood circulation; and (iii) surface-encoded aptide to specifically target the extra-domain B (EDB) of fibronectin that over-expressed on glioma cells. After systemic administration of these new siRNA delivery NPs, they can target the glioma cells and efficiently inhibit the GBM tumor growth by silencing the expression of cyclophilin A (CypA), which is up-regulated in brain cancer and plays an important role in malignant transformation of brain cancer and maintaining glioma cell stemness. These results suggest that the reported RNA interference (RNAi) NP platform herein could become an effective tool for targeted GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phei Er Saw
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingjie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoding Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhu Y, Fang J, Wang H, Fei M, Tang T, Liu K, Niu W, Zhou Y. Baicalin suppresses proliferation, migration, and invasion in human glioblastoma cells via Ca 2+-dependent pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:3247-3261. [PMID: 30323558 PMCID: PMC6173175 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s176403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective Baicalin, a kind of flavonoid extracted from the dry root of Scutellaria, possesses potent anticancer bioactivities in various tumor cell lines. Accumulating evidences show that baicalin induces autophagy and apoptosis to suppress the cancer growth. Moreover, the antineoplastic role of baicalin in human glioblastoma cells remains to be uncovered. Methods Both U87 and U251 human glioblastoma cell lines were employed in the present study. Cell viability was tested by Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony-forming assay; Flow cytometry was employed to analyze cell apoptosis, cell cycle, and Ca2+ content. Cell immunofluorescence assays were used for analyzing terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), light chain 3 beta (LC3B), 5,5′,6,6′-Tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanineiodide (JC-1), and Ca2+ content. The protein levels were tested by Western blot. The SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results Baicalin suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of human glioblastoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Baicalin induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and led to mitochondrial apoptosis. The maturation of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-LC3B indicated the activation of autophagy potentially through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine decreased the apoptotic cell ratio. Besides, baicalin increased the intercellular Ca2+ content; meanwhile, chelation of free Ca2+ by 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid inhibited both apoptotic and autophagy. Finally, baicalin suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion Our observations suggest that baicalin exerts cytotoxic effects on human glioblastoma cells by the autophagy-related apoptosis through Ca2+ movement to the cytosol. Furthermore, baicalin has the potential as a candidate for the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China,
| | - Jiang Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Handong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China,
| | - Maoxing Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Ting Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China,
| | - Kaichao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wenhao Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Yali Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China,
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