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Rahimian R, Guruswamy R, Boutej H, Cordeau P, Weng YC, Kriz J. Targeting SRSF3 restores immune mRNA translation in microglia/macrophages following cerebral ischemia. Mol Ther 2024; 32:783-799. [PMID: 38196192 PMCID: PMC10928149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
We recently described a novel ribosome-based regulatory mechanism/checkpoint that controls innate immune gene translation and microglial activation in non-sterile inflammation orchestrated by RNA binding protein SRSF3. Here we describe a role of SRSF3 in the regulation of microglia/macrophage activation phenotypes after experimental stroke. Using a model-system for analysis of the dynamic translational state of microglial ribosomes we show that 24 h after stroke highly upregulated immune mRNAs are not translated resulting in a marked dissociation of mRNA and protein networks in activated microglia/macrophages. Next, microglial activation after stroke was characterized by a robust increase in pSRSF3/SRSF3 expression levels. Targeted knockdown of SRSF3 using intranasal delivery of siRNA 24 h after stroke caused a marked knockdown of endogenous protein. Further analyses revealed that treatment with SRSF3-siRNA alleviated translational arrest of selected genes and induced a transient but significant increase in innate immune signaling and IBA1+ immunoreactivity peaking 5 days after initial injury. Importantly, delayed SRSF3-mediated increase in immune signaling markedly reduced the size of ischemic lesion measured 7 days after stroke. Together, our findings suggest that targeting SRSF3 and immune mRNA translation may open new avenues for molecular/therapeutic reprogramming of innate immune response after ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rahimian
- CERVO Brain Research Centre and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Revathy Guruswamy
- CERVO Brain Research Centre and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Hejer Boutej
- CERVO Brain Research Centre and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Pierre Cordeau
- CERVO Brain Research Centre and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Yuan Cheng Weng
- CERVO Brain Research Centre and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Jasna Kriz
- CERVO Brain Research Centre and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 2G3, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 2G3, Canada.
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Sun M, Tong Y, Yuan W, Wang Y, Pu Y, Huang W, Lv B, Xu C, Jiang W, Luo R, Fang R, Tang S, Ren L, Wang J, Feng J, Sun C, Shen K, He F, Hou Y, Ding C. Proteomic Characterization Identifies Clinically Relevant Subgroups of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Gastroenterology 2024; 166:450-465.e33. [PMID: 37995868 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.11.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, and it has high metastatic and recurrence rates. We aimed to characterize the proteomic features of GIST to understand biological processes and treatment vulnerabilities. METHODS Quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics analyses were performed on 193 patients with GIST to reveal the biological characteristics of GIST. Data-driven hypotheses were tested by performing functional experiments using both GIST cell lines and xenograft mouse models. RESULTS Proteomic analysis revealed differences in the molecular features of GISTs from different locations or with different histological grades. MAPK7 was identified and functionally proved to be associated with tumor cell proliferation in GIST. Integrative analysis revealed that increased SQSTM1 expression inhibited the patient response to imatinib mesylate. Proteomics subtyping identified 4 clusters of tumors with different clinical and molecular attributes. Functional experiments confirmed the role of SRSF3 in promoting tumor cell proliferation and leading to poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a valuable data resource and highlights potential therapeutic approaches for GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Sun
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yexin Tong
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzhi Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Pu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boqiong Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongkui Luo
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rundong Fang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoshuai Tang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwen Feng
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kuntang Shen
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fuchu He
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China; Research Unit of Proteomics Driven Cancer Precision Medicine. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chen Ding
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Department of Pathology, Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhu S, Cao S, Che J, Zhao L, Su Z, Li D, Pei R, Xu L, Ding Y, Zhou W. SCARB1-encoded circ _0029343 induces p73 splicing to promote growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-486-5p/ SRSF3 axis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23646. [PMID: 38345168 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) exhibit essential regulation in the malignant development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to investigate the physiological mechanisms of circ_0029343 encoded by scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SCARB1) involved in the growth and metastasis of HCC. Differentially expressed mRNAs in HCC were obtained, followed by the prediction of target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs and gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis on the differentially expressed mRNAs. Moreover, the regulatory relationship between circRNAs encoded by SCARB1 and differentially expressed miRNAs was predicted. In vitro cell experiments were performed to verify the effects of circ_0029343, miR-486-5p, and SRSF3 on the malignant features of HCC cells using the gain- or loss-of-function experiments. Finally, the effects of circ_0029343 on the growth and metastasis of HCC cells in xenograft mouse models were also explored. It was found that miR-486-5p might interact with seven circRNAs encoded by SCARB1, and its possible downstream target gene was SRSF3. Moreover, SRSF3 was associated with the splicing of various RNA. circ_0029343 could sponge miR-486-5p to up-regulate SRSF3 and activate PDGF-PDGFRB (platelet-derived growth factor and its receptor, receptor beta) signaling pathway by inducing p73 splicing, thus promoting the proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibiting apoptosis of HCC cells. In vivo, animal experiments further confirmed that overexpression of circ_0029343 could promote the growth and metastasis of HCC cells in nude mice. circ_0029343 encoded by SCARB1 may induce p73 splicing and activate the PDGF-PDGFRB signaling pathway through the miR-486-5p/SRSF3 axis, thus promoting the growth and metastasis of HCC cells.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Animals
- Mice
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice, Nude
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B/genetics
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B/metabolism
- Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors/genetics
- Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shengya Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Che
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhan Su
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Deqiang Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ruifeng Pei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yiren Ding
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wuyuan Zhou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou City Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
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Wang G, Ren J, Zeng X, Chen X, Liang A, Wang X, Xu J. Serine and Arginine-Rich Splicing Factor 3 Promotes the Activation of Quiescent Mouse Neural Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2024; 33:79-88. [PMID: 38115601 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2023.0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The quiescence and activation of adult stem cells are regulated by many kinds of molecular mechanisms, and RNA alternative splicing participates in regulating many cellular processes. However, the relationship between stem cell quiescence and activation regulation and gene alternative splicing has yet to be studied. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the regulation of stem cell quiescence and activation by RNA alternative splicing. The upregulated genes in activated mouse neural stem cells (NSCs), muscle stem cells, and hematopoietic stem cells were collected for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. The genes from three tissue stem cells underwent Venn analysis. The mouse NSCs were used for quiescence and reactivation induction. The immunostaining of cell-specific markers was performed to identify cell properties. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to detect the gene expression and protein expression, respectively. We found that the upregulated genes in activated stem cells from three tissues were all enriched in RNA splicing-related biological processes; the upregulated RNA splicing-related genes in activated stem cells displayed tissue differences; mouse NSCs were successfully induced into quiescence and reactivation in vitro without losing differentiation potential; serine and arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (Srsf3) was highly expressed in the activated mouse NSCs, and the overexpression of SRSF3 protein promoted the activation of quiescent mouse NSCs and increased the neural cell production. Our data indicate that the alternative splicing change may underline the transition of quiescence and activation of stem cells. The manipulation of the splicing factor may benefit tissue repair by promoting the activation of quiescent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Postdoctoral Station of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhao Zeng
- Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aibin Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianli Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xu
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang X, Yan L, Guo J, Jia R. An anti-PD-1 antisense oligonucleotide promotes the expression of soluble PD-1 by blocking the interaction between SRSF3 and an exonic splicing enhancer of PD-1 exon 3. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111280. [PMID: 38043270 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
PD-1 is a key immune checkpoint molecule. Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy is encouraging in cancer treatment. However, it still needs to be improved. PD-1 has at least five isoforms generated by alternative splicing. An isoform without exon 3 encoding soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) can activate anti-tumor immunity by inhibiting the interaction between cellular surface full-length PD-1 (flPD-1) and PD-L1. However, the regulatory mechanism of exon 3 splicing remains largely unknown. Here, we screened the exon 3 sequence by mutation and searched corresponding splicing factors by SpliceAid database and pulldown assay. The alternative splicing of PD-1 exon 3 was analyzed by RT-PCR. The expression levels of flPD-1 and sPD-1 were analyzed by Western blot, flow cytometry, and ELISA. We discovered that an exonic splicing enhancer (ESE) of exon 3 is essential for its inclusion. Moreover, SRSF3 can bind to this ESE and enhance exon 3 inclusion and flPD-1 expression. We designed and screened out an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting PD-1 to block the interaction between SRSF3 and ESE, and significantly increase exon 3 skipping and sPD-1 expression, which was verified in various tumor cells in addition to oral cancer cells. Altogether, our results uncovered the regulatory mechanism of human PD-1 exon 3 splicing and sPD-1 expression and further designed a novel anti-PD-1 ASO, which are useful for developing a new method of anti-cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Lingyan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072, China; Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Rong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072, China.
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6
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Yuan L, Cheng F, Wu Z, Li X, Shen W. Homeobox B9 Promotes Colon Cancer Progression by Targeting SRSF3. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:3324-3340. [PMID: 37258980 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-07977-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeobox B9 (HOXB9) is one of the HOX family of transcription factors that are essential for cancer development and embryonic growth. However, the clinical importance and biological involvement of HOXB9 in colon cancer (CC) are not adequately understood. AIMS To investigate whether HOXB9 participates in the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CC. METHODS This study investigated the function and clinical significance of HOXB9 mRNA and protein expression in CC. Furthermore, overexpression and knockdown experiments of HOXB9 were developed to explore their effects on CC cell transwell and proliferation. Moreover, a molecular mechanism of HOXB9 regulate serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) was explored. RESULTS HOXB9 expression was higher in CC cells and tissues at both the mRNA and protein levels. Poor survival in CC patients was significantly connected with high HOXB9 expression, which was also strongly associated with the TNM stage and lymph node metastases. Furthermore, in vitro CC cell proliferation, transwell were markedly aided by HOXB9 overexpression. Contrarily, HOXB9 knockdown had the reverse result and inhibited the formation of xenograft tumors in naked mice. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed a correlation between high HOXB9 expression and spliceosomes. JASPAR and GEPIA2.0, in addition to CHIP and dual-luciferase reporting assays, confirmed that HOXB9 targets the promoter of SRSF3 to enhance its expression. We also found that SRSF3 knockdown eliminated HOXB9 from cell proliferation and transwell. CONCLUSION We characterized the function and mechanism of HOXB9 in regulating colon cancer growth, suggesting a novel molecular approach for colon cancer-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lebin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Serine/arginine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) is an important multi-functional splicing factor, and has attracted increasing attentions in the past thirty years. The importance of SRSF3 is evidenced by its impressively conserved protein sequences in all animals and alternative exon 4 which represents an autoregulatory mechanism to maintain its proper cellular expression level. New functions of SRSF3 have been continuously discovered recently, especially its oncogenic function. SRSF3 plays essential roles in many cellular processes by regulating almost all aspects of RNA biogenesis and processing of many target genes, and thus, contributes to tumorigenesis when overexpressed or disregulated. This review updates and highlights the gene, mRNA, and protein structure of SRSF3, the regulatory mechanisms of SRSF3 expression, and the characteristics of SRSF3 targets and binding sequences that contribute to SRSF3's diverse molecular and cellular functions in tumorigenesis and human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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Liu S, Bu Q, Tong J, Wang Z, Cui J, Cao H, Ma H, Cao B, An X, Song Y. miR-486 Responds to Apoptosis and Autophagy by Repressing SRSF3 Expression in Ovarian Granulosa Cells of Dairy Goats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108751. [PMID: 37240097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of ovarian granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis underlies follicular atresia. By comparing the previous sequencing results, miR-486 was found to be differentially expressed at higher levels in the monotocous goat than in the polytocous goat. Unfortunately, the miRNA-mediated mechanisms by which the GC fate is regulated are unknown in Guanzhong dairy goats. Therefore, we investigated miR-486 expression in small and large follicles, as well as its impact on normal GC survival, apoptosis and autophagy in vitro. Here, we identified and characterized miR-486 interaction with Ser/Arg-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) using luciferase reporter analysis, detecting its role in GC survival, apoptosis and autophagy regulation through qRT-PCR, Western blot, CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential and monodansylcadaverine, etc. Our findings revealed prominent effects of miR-486 in the regulation of GC survival, apoptosis and autophagy by targeting SRSF3, which might explain the high differential expression of miR-486 in the ovaries of monotocous dairy goats. In summary, this study aimed to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-486 regulation on GC function and its effect on ovarian follicle atresia in dairy goats, as well as the functional interpretation of the downstream target gene SRSF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Qiqi Bu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jiashun Tong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zhanhang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jiuzeng Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Heran Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Haidong Ma
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Binyun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiaopeng An
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
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Yu L, Majerciak V, Jia R, Zheng ZM. Revisiting and corrections to the annotated SRSF3 (SRp20) gene structure and RefSeq sequences from the human and mouse genomes. Cell Insight 2023; 2:100089. [PMID: 37193066 PMCID: PMC10134197 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2023.100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
SRSF3 (SRp20) is the smallest member of the serine/arginine (SR)-rich protein family. We found the annotated human SRSF3 and mouse Srsf3 RefSeq sequences are much larger than the detected SRSF3/Srsf3 RNA size by Northern blot. Mapping of RNA-seq reads from various human and mouse cell lines to the annotated SRSF3/Srsf3 gene illustrated only a partial coverage of its terminal exon 7. By 5' RACE and 3' RACE, we determined that SRSF3 gene spanning over 8422 bases and Srsf3 gene spanning over 9423 bases. SRSF3/Srsf3 gene has seven exons with exon 7 bearing two alternative polyadenylation signals (PAS). Through alternative PAS selection and exon 4 exclusion/inclusion by alternative RNA splicing, SRSF3/Srsf3 gene expresses four RNA isoforms. The major SRSF3 mRNA isoform with exon 4 exclusion by using a favorable distal PAS to encode a full-length protein is 1411 nt long (not annotated 4228 nt) and the same major mouse Srsf3 mRNA isoform is only 1295 nt (not annotated 2585 nt). The difference from the redefined RNA size of SRSF3/Srsf3 to the corresponding RefSeq sequence is at the 3' UTR region. Collectively, the redefined SRSF3/Srsf3 gene structure and expression will allow better understanding of SRSF3 functions and its regulations in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Yu
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Vladimir Majerciak
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST), Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
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10
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Liu M, Lin C, Huang Q, Jia J, Guo J, Jia R. SRSF3-Mediated Ki67 Exon 7-Inclusion Promotes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression via Repressing AKR1C2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043872. [PMID: 36835286 PMCID: PMC9959251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ki67 is a well-known proliferation marker with a large size of around 350 kDa, but its biological function remains largely unknown. The roles of Ki67 in tumor prognosis are still controversial. Ki67 has two isoforms generated by alternative splicing of exon 7. The roles and regulatory mechanisms of Ki67 isoforms in tumor progression are not clear. In the present study, we surprisingly find that the increased inclusion of Ki67 exon 7, not total Ki67 expression level, was significantly associated with poor prognosis in multiple cancer types, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Importantly, the Ki67 exon 7-included isoform is required for HNSCC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell migration, and tumorigenesis. Unexpectedly, Ki67 exon 7-included isoform is positively associated with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Mechanically, splicing factor SRSF3 could promote exon 7 inclusion via its two exonic splicing enhancers. RNA-seq revealed that aldo-keto reductase AKR1C2 is a novel tumor-suppressive gene targeted by Ki67 exon 7-included isoform in HNSCC cells. Our study illuminates that the inclusion of Ki67 exon 7 has important prognostic value in cancers and is essential for tumorigenesis. Our study also suggested a new SRSF3/Ki67/AKR1C2 regulatory axis during HNSCC tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Can Lin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qiwei Huang
- RNA Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Science, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jun Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (R.J.); Tel.: +86-27-87686215 (J.J.); +86-27-87686268 (R.J.)
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- RNA Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (R.J.); Tel.: +86-27-87686215 (J.J.); +86-27-87686268 (R.J.)
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11
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Che Y, Bai M, Lu K, Fu L. Splicing factor SRSF3 promotes the progression of cervical cancer through regulating DDX5. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:210-223. [PMID: 36282044 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant alternative splicing (AS) profoundly affects tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) regulates the AS of precursor mRNAs and acts as a proto-oncogene in many tumors, but its function and potential mechanisms in cervical cancer remain unclear. Here, we found that SRSF3 was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues and that SRSF3 expression was correlated with prognosis after analyses of the The Cancer Genome Atlas and GEO databases. Furthermore, knockdown of SRSF3 reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of HeLa cells, while overexpression of SRSF3 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of CaSki cells. Further studies showed that SRSF3 mediated the variable splicing of exon 12 of the transcriptional cofactor DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5). Specifically, overexpression of SRSF3 promoted the production of the pro-oncogenic spliceosome DDX5-L and repressed the production of the repressive spliceosome DDX5-S. Ultimately, both SRSF3 and DDX5-L were able to upregulate oncogenic AKT expression, while DDX5-S downregulated AKT expression. In conclusion, we found that SRSF3 increased the production of DDX5-L and decreased the production of DDX5-S by regulating the variable splicing of DDX5. This, in turn promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer by upregulating the expression level of AKT. These results reveal the oncogenic role of SRSF3 in cervical cancer and emphasize the importance of the SRSF3-DDX5-AKT axis in tumorigenesis. SRSF3 and DDX5 are new potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Che
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Weihai Ocean Vocational College, Weihai, China
| | - Mixue Bai
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Lu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Fu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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12
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Wen C, Tian Z, Li L, Chen T, Chen H, Dai J, Liang Z, Ma S, Liu X. SRSF3 and HNRNPH1 Regulate Radiation-Induced Alternative Splicing of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314832. [PMID: 36499164 PMCID: PMC9738276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an epigenetic regulator which has been proven to be a potential target for cancer therapy. We observed that PRMT5 underwent alternative splicing (AS) and generated a spliced isoform PRMT5-ISO5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after radiotherapy. However, the regulatory mechanism and the clinical implications of IR-induced PRMT5 AS are unclear. This work revealed that serine and arginine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) silencing increased PRMT5-ISO5 level, whereas heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H 1 (HNRNPH1) silencing reduced it. Then, we found that SRSF3 and HNRNPH1 competitively combined with PRMT5 pre-mRNA located at the region around the 3'- splicing site on intron 2 and the alternative 3'- splicing site on exon 4. IR-induced SRSF3 downregulation led to an elevated level of PRMT5-ISO5, and exogenous expression of PRMT5-ISO5 enhanced cell radiosensitivity. Finally, we confirmed in vivo that IR induced the increased level of PRMT5-ISO5 which in turn enhanced tumor killing and regression, and liver-specific Prmt5 depletion reduced hepatic steatosis and delayed tumor progression of spontaneous HCC. In conclusion, our data uncover the competitive antagonistic interaction of SRSF3 and HNRNPH1 in regulating PRMT5 splicing induced by IR, providing potentially effective radiotherapy by modulating PRMT5 splicing against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Wen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhujun Tian
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lan Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Tongke Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huajian Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jichen Dai
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shumei Ma
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- South Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou 325014, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- South Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou 325014, China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Correspondence:
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13
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Chen H, Lv L, Liang R, Guo W, Liao Z, Chen Y, Zhu K, Huang R, Zhao H, Pu Q, Yuan Z, Zeng Z, Zheng X, Feng S, Qi X, Cai D. miR-486 improves fibrotic activity in myocardial infarction by targeting SRSF3/p21-Mediated cardiac myofibroblast senescence. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5135-5149. [PMID: 36117396 PMCID: PMC9575141 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of fibrotic activities is key to improving pathological remodelling post‐myocardial infarction (MI). Currently, in the clinic, safe and curative therapies for cardiac fibrosis and improvement of the pathological fibrotic environment, scar formation and pathological remodelling post‐MI are lacking. Previous studies have shown that miR‐486 is involved in the regulation of fibrosis. However, it is still unclear how miR‐486 functions in post‐MI regeneration. Here, we first demonstrated that miR‐486 targeting SRSF3/p21 mediates the senescence of cardiac myofibroblasts to improve their fibrotic activity, which benefits the regeneration of MI by limiting scar size and post‐MI remodelling. miR‐486‐targeted silencing has high potential as a novel target to improve fibrotic activity, cardiac fibrosis and pathological remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luocheng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoxu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaofu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuikui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruijin Huang
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Hui Zhao
- Stem Cell and Regeneration TRP, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qin Pu
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Ziqiang Yuan
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Department of Medical Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson of Medical School, USA
| | - Zhaohua Zeng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xufeng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongqing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Jones AN, Walbrun A, Falleroni F, Rief M, Sattler M. Conformational effects of a cancer-linked mutation in pri-miR-30c RNA. J Mol Biol 2022;:167705. [PMID: 35760371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that mediate post-transcriptional downregulation of specific target genes. These transcripts are the products of a two-step processing pathway; primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) are processed by Drosha into individual precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) hairpins, which are subsequently processed by Dicer into mature miRNAs. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that occur in pri-miRNAs, pre-miRNAs and mature miRNAs have been shown to affect the processing of specific target genes by modulating Drosha and Dicer processing or interactions with RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Using NMR and single-molecule optical tweezer experiments, we have investigated the conformational effects of a cancer-linked G/A mutation in the terminal loop of pri-miR-30c RNA, and how this influences binding by the SRSF3 and hnRNP A1 RBPs, which are implicated in its processing. Our results reveal that the wildtype and G/A variant pri-miR-30c RNAs adopt very similar elongated stem-loop structures, both of which are bound by SRSF3. However, while both wildtype and G/A pri-miR-30c RNAs can form dimeric kissing hairpin structures, the G to A mutation results in partial destabilization of the dimer in the variant transcript. This promotes recognition and binding by hnRNP A1, an RBP that enhances pri-miR-30c processing. Our data provide structural insight into the conformational effects of a G/A mutation in pri-miR-30c RNA and how this could affect processing and promote cancer.
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15
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Wang ZW, Pan JJ, Hu JF, Zhang JQ, Huang L, Huang Y, Liao CY, Yang C, Chen ZW, Wang YD, Shen BY, Tian YF, Chen S. SRSF3-mediated regulation of N6-methyladenosine modification-related lncRNA ANRIL splicing promotes resistance of pancreatic cancer to gemcitabine. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110813. [PMID: 35545048 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) regulates mRNA alternative splicing of more than 90% of protein-coding genes, providing an essential source for biological versatility. This study finds that SRSF3 expression is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. We also find that SRSF3 regulates ANRIL splicing and m6A modification of ANRIL in pancreatic cancer cells. More importantly, we demonstrate that m6A methylation on lncRNA ANRIL is essential for the splicing. Moreover, our results show that SRSF3 promotes gemcitabine resistance by regulating ANRIL's splicing and ANRIL-208 (one of the ANRIL spliceosomes) can enhance DNA homologous recombination repair (HR) capacity by forming a complex with Ring1b and EZH2. In conclusion, this study establishes a link between SRSF3, m6A modification, lncRNA splicing, and DNA HR in pancreatic cancer and demonstrates that abnormal alternative splicing and m6A modification are closely related to chemotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Wei Wang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jing-Jing Pan
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jian-Fei Hu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Long Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Center for Experimental Research in Clinical Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Liao
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Can Yang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yao-Dong Wang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Bai-Yong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yi-Feng Tian
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Shi Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
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16
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Luo J, Gao K, Chen M, Tian B. LINC01210 promotes malignant phenotypes of colorectal cancer through epigenetically upregulating SRSF3. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 234:153905. [PMID: 35462226 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been linked to tumorigenesis. However, the role of LINC01210 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Relative levels of LINC01210 in CRC tissues and adjacent tissues were determined. Proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities were examined in HCT116 cells and LoVo cells after silencing or overexpressing LINC01210. The interaction between LINC01210 and SRSF3 was explored by ChIP-PCR. Upregulated LINC01210 was associated with metastasis and advanced stage of CRC. Silencing LINC01210 attenuated proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities in LoVo cells, while overexpressing LINC01210 promoted proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities in HCT116 cells. Mechanism study revealed that LINC01210 increased the expression of SRSF3 by recruiting mixed lineage leukaemia protein-1, which upregulated the trimethylation of H3K4 me3 on SRSF3 promoter. Silencing SRSF3 reversed the effects of LINC01210 on CRC cells. In conclusions, LINC01210 accelerated proliferation and invasion in CRC cells through epigenetically upregulating SRSF3, and may be a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Third Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Third Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Buning Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Third Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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17
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Abstract
Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3; also known as SRp20), an important member of the family of SRSFs, is abnormally expressed in tumors, resulting in aberrant splicing of hub genes, such as CD44, HER2, MDM4, Rac family small GTPase 1 and tumor protein p53. Under normal conditions, the splicing and expression of SRSF3 are strictly regulated. However, the splicing, expression and phosphorylation of SRSF3 are abnormal in tumors. SRSF3 plays important roles in the occurrence and development of tumors, including the promotion of tumorigenesis, cellular proliferation, the cell cycle and metastasis, as well as inhibition of cell senescence, apoptosis and autophagy. SRSF3-knockdown significantly inhibits the proliferation and metastatic characteristics of tumor cells. Therefore, SRSF3 may be suggested as a novel anti-tumor target. The other biological functions of SRSF3 and its regulatory mechanisms are also summarized in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xiong
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P.R. China
| | - Yinshuang Chen
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, P.R. China
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18
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Jin S, Xue Z, Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhang J, Chen D, Liu W, Lin J. Identification of SRSF3 target mRNAs using inducible TRIBE. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 578:21-7. [PMID: 34534741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Serine and arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3), the smallest member of the Ser/Arg-rich (SR) RNA-binding protein family, regulates multiple aspects of post-transcriptional gene expression program. Although SRSF3 is essential for early embryo development, reprogramming, and pluripotency maintenance, the RNA targets and specificity of RNA recognition of SRSF3 are not well understood in human pluripotent stem cells. In this study, we used inducible TRIBE (targets of RNA binding sites by editing) to identify RNA targets and binding motifs of SRSF3 in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We identified 3888 confident binding sites of SRSF3, corresponding to 1222 gene targets. Our results showed that nearly half of the binding sites were distributed in exons, reflecting the alternative splicing function of SRSF3. Motif analysis demonstrated that two of the SRSF3 recognition sequences were the same as the motifs identified in mouse embryonic stem cells, suggesting the recognition sequences of SRSF3 may be conserved in mammals. Overall, our analyses revealed the RNA targets of SRSF3 and uncovered its RNA recognition specificity, providing a valuable resource for understanding the function of SRSF3 in human embryonic stem cells.
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Kim K, Baek SC, Lee YY, Bastiaanssen C, Kim J, Kim H, Kim VN. A quantitative map of human primary microRNA processing sites. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3422-3439.e11. [PMID: 34320405 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Maturation of canonical microRNA (miRNA) is initiated by DROSHA that cleaves the primary transcript (pri-miRNA). More than 1,800 miRNA loci are annotated in humans, but it remains largely unknown whether and at which sites pri-miRNAs are cleaved by DROSHA. Here, we performed in vitro processing on a full set of human pri-miRNAs (miRBase version 21) followed by sequencing. This comprehensive profiling enabled us to classify miRNAs on the basis of DROSHA dependence and map their cleavage sites with respective processing efficiency measures. Only 758 pri-miRNAs are confidently processed by DROSHA, while the majority may be non-canonical or false entries. Analyses of the DROSHA-dependent pri-miRNAs show key cis-elements for processing. We observe widespread alternative processing and unproductive cleavage events such as "nick" or "inverse" processing. SRSF3 is a broad-acting auxiliary factor modulating alternative processing and suppressing unproductive processing. The profiling data and methods developed in this study will allow systematic analyses of miRNA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kijun Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - S Chan Baek
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Young-Yoon Lee
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Carolien Bastiaanssen
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jeesoo Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Haedong Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - V Narry Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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20
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Nakura T, Ozoe A, Narita Y, Matsuo M, Hakuno F, Kataoka N, Takahashi SI. Rbfox2 mediates exon 11 inclusion in insulin receptor pre-mRNA splicing in hepatoma cells. Biochimie 2021; 187:25-32. [PMID: 34022289 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Insulin receptor (IR) pre-mRNA undergoes alternative splicing that produces two isoforms, IR-A and IR-B. The ratio of IR-A to IR-B varies among tissues, which strongly suggests that IR mRNA alternative splicing is regulated in a tissue-specific manner. However, the precise molecular mechanism for IR alternative splicing remains to be elucidated, especially in liver. In this study, we have analyzed IR alternative splicing mechanism by preparing a mini-gene splicing reporter with rat genomic DNA. The splicing reporter that contains exon 11 and its flanking intronic sequences could reproduce alternative splicing pattern in rat hepatoma H4IIE cells. Introducing several deletions in introns of the reporter revealed that intron 11 contains the region near exon 11 essential to promote exon 11 inclusion. This region contains an UGCAUG sequence, a specific binding site for the Rbfox splicing regulator, and mutation in this sequence results in exon 11 skipping. Furthermore, RbFox2 knockdown in H4IIE cells enhanced exon 11 skipping of endogenous IR pre-mRNA. Lastly mutations in the SRSF3 binding site of exon11 together with the Rbfox2 binding site completely abolished exon 11 inclusion with a mini-gene reporter pre-mRNA. Our results indicate that RbFox2 and SRSF3 proteins mediate exon 11 inclusion in rat hepatoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Nakura
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsufumi Ozoe
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Narita
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Matsuo
- KNC Department of Nucleic Acid Drug Discovery, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hakuno
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kataoka
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichiro Takahashi
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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Schwich OD, Blümel N, Keller M, Wegener M, Setty ST, Brunstein ME, Poser I, Mozos IRDL, Suess B, Münch C, McNicoll F, Zarnack K, Müller-McNicoll M. SRSF3 and SRSF7 modulate 3'UTR length through suppression or activation of proximal polyadenylation sites and regulation of CFIm levels. Genome Biol 2021; 22:82. [PMID: 33706811 PMCID: PMC7948361 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02298-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alternative polyadenylation (APA) refers to the regulated selection of polyadenylation sites (PASs) in transcripts, which determines the length of their 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs). We have recently shown that SRSF3 and SRSF7, two closely related SR proteins, connect APA with mRNA export. The mechanism underlying APA regulation by SRSF3 and SRSF7 remained unknown. Results Here we combine iCLIP and 3′-end sequencing and find that SRSF3 and SRSF7 bind upstream of proximal PASs (pPASs), but they exert opposite effects on 3′UTR length. SRSF7 enhances pPAS usage in a concentration-dependent but splicing-independent manner by recruiting the cleavage factor FIP1, generating short 3′UTRs. Protein domains unique to SRSF7, which are absent from SRSF3, contribute to FIP1 recruitment. In contrast, SRSF3 promotes distal PAS (dPAS) usage and hence long 3′UTRs directly by counteracting SRSF7, but also indirectly by maintaining high levels of cleavage factor Im (CFIm) via alternative splicing. Upon SRSF3 depletion, CFIm levels decrease and 3′UTRs are shortened. The indirect SRSF3 targets are particularly sensitive to low CFIm levels, because here CFIm serves a dual function; it enhances dPAS and inhibits pPAS usage by binding immediately downstream and assembling unproductive cleavage complexes, which together promotes long 3′UTRs. Conclusions We demonstrate that SRSF3 and SRSF7 are direct modulators of pPAS usage and show how small differences in the domain architecture of SR proteins can confer opposite effects on pPAS regulation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13059-021-02298-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Daniel Schwich
- Institute for Molecular Bio Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nicole Blümel
- Institute for Molecular Bio Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mario Keller
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marius Wegener
- Institute for Molecular Bio Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Samarth Thonta Setty
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Melinda Elaine Brunstein
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe University Frankfurt, Sandhofstr. 2-4, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ina Poser
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstr. 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Beatrix Suess
- Department of Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr. 10, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Münch
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School, Goethe University Frankfurt, Sandhofstr. 2-4, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - François McNicoll
- Institute for Molecular Bio Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kathi Zarnack
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany. .,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Michaela Müller-McNicoll
- Institute for Molecular Bio Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany.
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22
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Barbagallo D, Caponnetto A, Barbagallo C, Battaglia R, Mirabella F, Brex D, Stella M, Broggi G, Altieri R, Certo F, Caltabiano R, Barbagallo GMV, Anfuso CD, Lupo G, Ragusa M, Di Pietro C, Hansen TB, Purrello M. The GAUGAA Motif Is Responsible for the Binding between circSMARCA5 and SRSF1 and Related Downstream Effects on Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Migration and Angiogenic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1678. [PMID: 33562358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large class of RNAs with regulatory functions within cells. We recently showed that circSMARCA5 is a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and acts as a decoy for Serine and Arginine Rich Splicing Factor 1 (SRSF1) through six predicted binding sites (BSs). Here we characterized RNA motifs functionally involved in the interaction between circSMARCA5 and SRSF1. Three different circSMARCA5 molecules (Mut1, Mut2, Mut3), each mutated in two predicted SRSF1 BSs at once, were obtained through PCR-based replacement of wild-type (WT) BS sequences and cloned in three independent pcDNA3 vectors. Mut1 significantly decreased its capability to interact with SRSF1 as compared to WT, based on the RNA immunoprecipitation assay. In silico analysis through the “Find Individual Motif Occurrences” (FIMO) algorithm showed GAUGAA as an experimentally validated SRSF1 binding motif significantly overrepresented within both predicted SRSF1 BSs mutated in Mut1 (q-value = 0.0011). U87MG and CAS-1, transfected with Mut1, significantly increased their migration with respect to controls transfected with WT, as revealed by the cell exclusion zone assay. Immortalized human brain microvascular endothelial cells (IM-HBMEC) exposed to conditioned medium (CM) harvested from U87MG and CAS-1 transfected with Mut1 significantly sprouted more than those treated with CM harvested from U87MG and CAS-1 transfected with WT, as shown by the tube formation assay. qRT-PCR showed that the intracellular pro- to anti-angiogenic Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) mRNA isoform ratio and the amount of total VEGFA mRNA secreted in CM significantly increased in Mut1-transfected CAS-1 as compared to controls transfected with WT. Our data suggest that GAUGAA is the RNA motif responsible for the interaction between circSMARCA5 and SRSF1 as well as for the circSMARCA5-mediated control of GBM cell migration and angiogenic potential.
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23
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Fuentes-Fayos AC, Vázquez-Borrego MC, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Bejarano L, Pedraza-Arévalo S, L-López F, Blanco-Acevedo C, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Reyes O, Ventura S, Solivera J, Breunig JJ, Blasco MA, Gahete MD, Castaño JP, Luque RM. Splicing machinery dysregulation drives glioblastoma development/aggressiveness: oncogenic role of SRSF3. Brain 2020; 143:3273-3293. [PMID: 33141183 PMCID: PMC7904102 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas remain the deadliest brain tumour, with a dismal ∼12–16-month survival from diagnosis. Therefore, identification of new diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tools to tackle glioblastomas is urgently needed. Emerging evidence indicates that the cellular machinery controlling the splicing process (spliceosome) is altered in tumours, leading to oncogenic splicing events associated with tumour progression and aggressiveness. Here, we identify for the first time a profound dysregulation in the expression of relevant spliceosome components and splicing factors (at mRNA and protein levels) in well characterized cohorts of human high-grade astrocytomas, mostly glioblastomas, compared to healthy brain control samples, being SRSF3, RBM22, PTBP1 and RBM3 able to perfectly discriminate between tumours and control samples, and between proneural-like or mesenchymal-like tumours versus control samples from different mouse models with gliomas. Results were confirmed in four additional and independent human cohorts. Silencing of SRSF3, RBM22, PTBP1 and RBM3 decreased aggressiveness parameters in vitro (e.g. proliferation, migration, tumorsphere-formation, etc.) and induced apoptosis, especially SRSF3. Remarkably, SRSF3 was correlated with patient survival and relevant tumour markers, and its silencing in vivo drastically decreased tumour development and progression, likely through a molecular/cellular mechanism involving PDGFRB and associated oncogenic signalling pathways (PI3K-AKT/ERK), which may also involve the distinct alteration of alternative splicing events of specific transcription factors controlling PDGFRB (i.e. TP73). Altogether, our results demonstrate a drastic splicing machinery-associated molecular dysregulation in glioblastomas, which could potentially be considered as a source of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for glioblastomas. Remarkably, SRSF3 is directly associated with glioblastoma development, progression, aggressiveness and patient survival and represents a novel potential therapeutic target to tackle this devastating pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Mari C Vázquez-Borrego
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Leire Bejarano
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Pedraza-Arévalo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Fernando L-López
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Blanco-Acevedo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Sánchez-Sánchez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Pathology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Oscar Reyes
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Computer Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Sebastián Ventura
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Computer Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan Solivera
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Joshua J Breunig
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Center for Neural Sciences in Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - María A Blasco
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.,Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
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24
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Chen YS, Liu CW, Lin YC, Tsai CY, Yang CH, Lin JC. The SRSF3-MBNL1-Acin1 circuit constitutes an emerging axis to lessen DNA fragmentation in colorectal cancer via an alternative splicing mechanism. Neoplasia 2020; 22:702-713. [PMID: 33142236 PMCID: PMC7586066 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered alternative splicing (AS) events are considered pervasive causes that result in the development of carcinogenesis. Herein, we identified reprogrammed expression and splicing profiles of Muscle blind-like protein 1 (MBNL1) transcripts in tumorous tissues compared to those of adjacent normal tissues dissected from individual colorectal cancer (CRC) patients using whole-transcriptome analyses. MBNL1 transcript 8 (MBNL18) containing exons 5 and 7 was majorly generated by cancerous tissues and CRC-derived cell lines compared with those of the normal counterparts. Interplay between the exonic CA-rich element and upregulated SRSF3 facilitated the inclusion of MBNL1 exons 5 and 7, which encode a bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) and conformational NLS. Moreover, abundant SRSF3 interfered with the autoregulatory mechanism involved in utilization of MBNL1 exons 5 and 7, resulting in enrichment of the MBNL18 isoform in cultured CRC cell lines. Subsequently, an increase in the MBNL18 isoform drove a shift in the apoptotic chromatin condensation inducer in nucleus 1-S (Acin1-S) isoform to the Acin1-L isoform, leading to diminished DNA fragmentation in cultured CRC cells under oxidative stress. Taken together, SRSF3-MBNL1-Acin1 was demonstrated to constitute an emerging axis which is relevant to proapoptotic signatures and post-transcriptional events of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Su Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wei Liu
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Science, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Tsai
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Yang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chun Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Baek JY, Yun HH, Jung SY, Lee J, Yoo K, Lee JH. SRSF3 Is a Critical Requirement for Inclusion of Exon 3 of BIS Pre-mRNA. Cells 2020; 9:E2325. [PMID: 33086735 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BCL-2 interacting cell death suppressor (BIS), also known as BAG3, is a multifunctional protein. Aberrant expression and mutation of BIS have been implicated in cancers and myopathy. However, there have only been a few studies on the splicing of BIS pre-mRNA. In the present study, through RT-PCR and sequencing in various cell lines and mouse tissues, we identified for the first time the presence of BIS mRNA isomers in which exon 3 or exons 2–3 are skipped. We also demonstrated that the depletion of SRSF3 promoted the skipping of exon 3 of BIS pre-mRNA in endogenous BIS and the GFP-BIS minigene. SRSF3 specifically interacts with the putative binding sites in exon 3, in which deletion promoted the skipping of exon 3 in the GFP-BIS minigene, which was comparable to the effect of SRSF knockdown. Even though acceleration of exon 3 skipping was not observed in response to various stimuli, SRSF3 depletion, accompanied by the production of a truncated BIS protein, inhibited the nuclear translocation of HSF1, which was restored by the wild-type BIS, not by exon 3-depleted BIS. Therefore, our results suggested that the maintenance of SRSF3 levels and subsequent preservation of the intact BIS protein is an important factor in modulating HSF1 localization upon cellular stress.
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26
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Zhou Z, Gong Q, Lin Z, Wang Y, Li M, Wang L, Ding H, Li P. Emerging Roles of SRSF3 as a Therapeutic Target for Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:577636. [PMID: 33072610 PMCID: PMC7544984 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.577636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ser/Arg-rich (SR) proteins are RNA-binding proteins known as constitutive and alternative splicing (AS) regulators that regulate multiple aspects of the gene expression program. Ser/Arg-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) is the smallest member of the SR protein family, and its level is controlled by multiple factors and involves complex mechanisms in eukaryote cells, whereas the aberrant expression of SRSF3 is associated with many human diseases, including cancer. Here, we review state-of-the-art research on SRSF3 in terms of its function, expression, and misregulation in human cancers. We emphasize the negative consequences of the overexpression of the SRSF3 oncogene in cancers, the pathways underlying SRSF3-mediated transformation, and implications of potential anticancer drugs by downregulation of SRSF3 expression for cancer therapy. Cumulative research on SRSF3 provides critical insight into its essential part in maintaining cellular processes, offering potential new targets for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixia Zhou
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi Gong
- Departments of Pediatrics, Second Clinical Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhijuan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengkun Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongfei Ding
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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27
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Zhang C, Chen Y, Li F, Yang M, Meng F, Zhang Y, Chen W, Wang W. B7-H3 is spliced by SRSF3 in colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:311-321. [PMID: 32719950 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02683-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B7-H3, an important co-inhibitor, is abnormally highly expressed in a variety of malignancies. The antibodies targeting B7-H3 have exhibited beneficial therapeutic effects in clinical trials. Therefore, discovery of the regulatory factors in B7-H3 expression may provide new strategies for tumor therapy. Here, we investigated the splicing factors involved in the splicing of B7-H3. By individual knockdown of the splicing factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, we found that B7-H3 expression was markedly inhibited by SRSF3 and SRSF8, especially SRSF3. Then we found that both SRSF3 and B7-H3 were highly expressed in CRC tissues. Moreover, high-expression of either SRSF3 or B7-H3 was significantly correlated with poor prognosis of patients. The expression of B7-H3 mRNA and protein were evidently reduced by SRSF3 silence, but were enhanced by overexpression of SRSF3 in both HCT-116 and HCT-8 cells. The results from the RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays demonstrated that SRSF3 protein directly binds to B7-H3 mRNA. In addition, we constructed a minigene recombinant plasmid for expressing B7-H3 exons 3-6. We found that SRSF3 contributed to the retention of B7-H3 exon 4. These findings demonstrate that SRSF3 involves in the splicing of B7-H3 by directly binding to its exon 4 and/or 6. It may provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of B7-H3 expression and potential strategies for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Zhang
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Building #1339, Wenjing Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Yinshuang Chen
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Building #1339, Wenjing Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fuchao Li
- Department of Gerontology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Man Yang
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Building #1339, Wenjing Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fanyi Meng
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Building #1339, Wenjing Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Building #1339, Wenjing Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Weichang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizhi Street 188, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Building #1339, Wenjing Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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28
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Lin YC, Lu YH, Lee YC, Hung CS, Lin JC. Altered expressions and splicing profiles of Acin1 transcripts differentially modulate brown adipogenesis through an alternative splicing mechanism. Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech 2020; 1863:194601. [PMID: 32629174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic chromatin condensation inducer in the nucleus (also referred as Acin1) was first characterized as an RNA-binding protein involved in apoptosis. In later reports, Acin1 was identified as an auxiliary component of the exon junction complex (EJC) which is assembled throughout pre-messenger RNA splicing. In this study, results of whole-transcriptome analyses revealed reduced expressions and reprogrammed splicing profiles of Acin1 transcripts throughout development of brown adipose tissues (BATs) that execute non-shivering thermogenesis in small rodents and infants by consuming lipids. Depletion of endogenous Acin1 isoforms led to activation of brown adipogenic signatures in mouse C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts. Nevertheless, overexpressions of the Acin1-L or Acin1-S isoform exerted discriminative influences on brown adipogenesis and reprogramming of the expression of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) through an alternative splicing-coupled nonsense-mediated decay mechanism in a sequence-specific manner. Moreover, the Acin1-SRSF3 axis constitutes a regulatory pathway that participates in the brown adipocyte-related splicing network. Taken together, the interplay between accessory EJC components and splicing regulators constitutes an emerging mechanism for differentially manipulating the activity of brown adipogenesis via alternative splicing network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chin Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Lu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chii Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Sheng Hung
- PhD Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chun Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; PhD Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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29
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More DA, Kumar A. SRSF3: Newly discovered functions and roles in human health and diseases. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151099. [PMID: 32800280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine/arginine rich proteins (SR proteins) are members of a family of RNA binding proteins involved in regulating various features of RNA metabolism, including pre-mRNA constitutive and alternative splicing. In humans, a total of 12 SR splicing factors (SRSFs) namely SRSF1-SRSF12 have been reported. SRSF3, the smallest member of the SR family and the focus of this review, regulates critical steps in mRNA metabolism and has been shown to have mRNA-independent functions as well. Recent studies on SRSF3 have uncovered its role in a wide array of complex biological processes. We have also reviewed the involvement of SRSF3 in disease conditions like cancer, ageing, neurological and cardiac disorders. Finally, we have discussed in detail the autoregulation of SRSF3 and its implications in cancer and commented on the potential of SRSF3 as a therapeutic target, especially in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanashree Anil More
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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30
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Shen T, Li H, Song Y, Li L, Lin J, Wei G, Ni T. Alternative polyadenylation dependent function of splicing factor SRSF3 contributes to cellular senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:1356-1388. [PMID: 30835716 PMCID: PMC6428108 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Down-regulated splicing factor SRSF3 is known to promote cellular senescence, an important biological process in preventing cancer and contributing to individual aging, via its alternative splicing dependent function in human cells. Here we discovered alternative polyadenylation (APA) dependent function of SRSF3 as a novel mechanism explaining SRSF3 downregulation induced cellular senescence. Knockdown of SRSF3 resulted in preference usage of proximal poly(A) sites and thus global shortening of 3′ untranslated regions (3′ UTRs) of mRNAs. SRSF3-depletion also induced senescence-related phenotypes in both human and mouse cells. These 3′ UTR shortened genes were enriched in senescence-associated pathways. Shortened 3′ UTRs tended to produce more proteins than the longer ones. Simulating the effects of 3′ UTR shortening by overexpression of three candidate genes (PTEN, PIAS1 and DNMT3A) all led to senescence-associated phenotypes. Mechanistically, SRSF3 has higher binding density near proximal poly(A) site than distal one in 3′ UTR shortened genes. Further, upregulation of PTEN by either ectopic overexpression or SRSF3-knockdown induction both led to reduced phosphorylation of AKT and ultimately senescence-associated phenotypes. We revealed for the first time that reduced SRSF3 expression could promote cellular senescence through its APA-dependent function, largely extending our mechanistic understanding in splicing factor regulated cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yifang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinzhong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Gang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ting Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences and Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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31
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Wang JL, Guo CR, Sun TT, Su WY, Hu Q, Guo FF, Liang LX, Xu J, Xiong H, Fang JY. SRSF3 functions as an oncogene in colorectal cancer by regulating the expression of ArhGAP30. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:120. [PMID: 32308565 PMCID: PMC7149931 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Splicing factor SRSF3 is an oncogene and overexpressed in various kinds of cancers, however, the function and mechanism involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) remained unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between SRSF3 and carcinogenesis and progression of CRC. Methods The expression of SRSF3 in CRC tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The proliferation and invasion rate was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, transwell invasion assay and xenograft experiment. The expression of selected genes was detected by western blot or real time PCR. Results SRSF3 is overexpressed in CRC tissues and its high expression was associated with CRC differentiation, lymph node invasion and AJCC stage. Upregulation of SRSF3 was also associated with shorter overall survival. Knockdown of SRSF3 in CRC cells activated ArhGAP30/Ace-p53 and decreased cell proliferation, migration and survival; while ectopic expression of SRSF3 attenuated ArhGAP30/Ace-p53 and increases cell proliferation, migration and survival. Targeting SRSF3 in xenograft tumors suppressed tumor progression in vivo. Conclusions Taken together, our data identify SRSF3 as a regulator for ArhGAP30/Ace-p53 in CRC, and highlight potential prognostic and therapeutic significance of SRSF3 in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Lin Wang
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Chun-Rong Guo
- 2The Centre of Teaching and Experiment, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong District, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Tian Sun
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Wen-Yu Su
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Qiang Hu
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Fang-Fang Guo
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Lun-Xi Liang
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Jie Xu
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Hua Xiong
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001 China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001 China
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32
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Lee J, Seo G, Hur W, Yoon SK, Nam SW, Lee JH. SRSF3 Depletion Leads to an Increase in SF3B4 Expression in SNU-368 HCC Cells. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:2033-2042. [PMID: 32234894 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SF3B4, a critical component of U2 pre-mRNA spliceosomal complex, has been recently indicated as a potential oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, limited information exists on how SF3B4 expression is regulated in HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS To determine the regulatory factor for SF3B4 expression, small interfering RNA (siRNA), real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting assay were performed. The in vivo expression profiles of SRSF3 and SF3B4 were analyzed using public datasets and clinical samples. RESULTS Among 10 liver-specific splicing factors, only SRSF3 knockdown resulted in a significant increase in SF3B4 mRNA and consequently protein levels in SNU-368 HCC cells, probably via the retardation of SF3B4 mRNA decay rates. Using green fluorescent protein-SF3B4 fusion construct, the coding region of SF3B4 was found to be involved in SRSF3-mediated regulation of SF3B4 expression. Publicly available data from paired normal and tumor tissues in HCC and results from patients with HCC suggest that SRSF3 and SF3B4 possess an inverse relationship. CONCLUSION SRSF3 is a key molecule for determining SF3B4 levels in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeehan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Institute of Aging and Metabolic Diseases, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwanwoo Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Institute of Aging and Metabolic Diseases, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhee Hur
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kew Yoon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Woo Nam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea .,The Institute of Aging and Metabolic Diseases, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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33
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Abstract
Alternative splicing facilitates the splicing of precursor RNA into different isoforms. Alternatively spliced transcripts often exhibit antagonistic functions or differential temporal or spatial expression patterns. There is increasing evidence that alternative splicing, especially by the serine-arginine rich (SR) protein family, leads to abnormal expression patterns and is closely related to the development of cancer. SRSF3, also known as SRp20, is a splicing factor. Through alternative splicing, it plays important roles in regulating various biological functions, such as cell cycle, cell proliferation, migration and invasion, under pathological and physiological conditions. Deregulation of SRSF3 is an essential feature of cancers. SRSF3 is also considered a candidate therapeutic target. Therefore, the involvement of abnormal splicing in tumorigenesis and the regulation of splicing factors deserve further analysis and discussion. Here, we summarize the function of SRSF3-regulated alternative transcripts in cancer cell biology at different stages of tumor development and the regulation of SRSF3 in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Che
- Institute of Chronic Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Institute of Chronic Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
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34
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Abstract
Head and neck cancer collectively is one of the most common cancer types in the world. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common subtype of head and neck cancer. SRSF3 is a proto-oncogene and is overexpressed in patients with OSCC. However, the relationship between SRSF3 expression and the clinical outcomes of patients with head and neck cancer remains unclear. By using the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics, a public online tool originally developed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (New York, NY, USA), it was revealed that patients with head and neck cancer with an underexpression of SRSF3 showed better overall and disease-/progression-free survival rates. Moreover, 227 genes were found to be significantly coexpressed with SRSF3 in head and neck cancer. Then, in combination with the analysis of a previous splice-array dataset that included significantly changed genes after the silencing of SRSF3, four potential target genes of SRSF3 were identified. RBMX and HNRNPL were further confirmed to be target genes of SRSF3. Moreover, the underexpression of RBMX was determined to be significantly associated with a favorable overall survival rate among patients, while patients with an underexpression of both SRSF3 and RBMX is a subgroup of individuals with better prognoses than all other patients. These results suggest that the underexpression of SRSF3 and that of its target RBMX can be used as potential biomarkers to predict favorable overall survival among head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University.,Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University
| | - Xiaole Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University
| | - Jun Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University
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35
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Jiménez-Vacas JM, Herrero-Aguayo V, Montero-Hidalgo AJ, Gómez-Gómez E, Fuentes-Fayos AC, León-González AJ, Sáez-Martínez P, Alors-Pérez E, Pedraza-Arévalo S, González-Serrano T, Reyes O, Martínez-López A, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Ventura S, Yubero-Serrano EM, Requena-Tapia MJ, Castaño JP, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Dysregulation of the splicing machinery is directly associated to aggressiveness of prostate cancer. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102547. [PMID: 31902674 PMCID: PMC7000340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of splicing variants (SVs) expression has recently emerged as a novel cancer hallmark. Although the generation of aberrant SVs (e.g. AR-v7/sst5TMD4/etc.) is associated to prostate-cancer (PCa) aggressiveness and/or castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) development, whether the molecular reason behind such phenomena might be linked to a dysregulation of the cellular machinery responsible for the splicing process [spliceosome-components (SCs) and splicing-factors (SFs)] has not been yet explored. METHODS Expression levels of 43 key SCs and SFs were measured in two cohorts of PCa-samples: 1) Clinically-localized formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded PCa-samples (n = 84), and 2) highly-aggressive freshly-obtained PCa-samples (n = 42). FINDINGS A profound dysregulation in the expression of multiple components of the splicing machinery (i.e. 7 SCs/19 SFs) were found in PCa compared to their non-tumor adjacent-regions. Notably, overexpression of SNRNP200, SRSF3 and SRRM1 (mRNA and/or protein) were associated with relevant clinical (e.g. Gleason score, T-Stage, metastasis, biochemical recurrence, etc.) and molecular (e.g. AR-v7 expression) parameters of aggressiveness in PCa-samples. Functional (cell-proliferation/migration) and mechanistic [gene-expression (qPCR) and protein-levels (western-blot)] assays were performed in normal prostate cells (PNT2) and PCa-cells (LNCaP/22Rv1/PC-3/DU145 cell-lines) in response to SNRNP200, SRSF3 and/or SRRM1 silencing (using specific siRNAs) revealed an overall decrease in proliferation/migration-rate in PCa-cells through the modulation of key oncogenic SVs expression levels (e.g. AR-v7/PKM2/XBP1s) and alteration of oncogenic signaling pathways (e.g. p-AKT/p-JNK). INTERPRETATION These results demonstrate that the spliceosome is drastically altered in PCa wherein SNRNP200, SRSF3 and SRRM1 could represent attractive novel diagnostic/prognostic and therapeutic targets for PCa and CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio J Montero-Hidalgo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio J León-González
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Prudencio Sáez-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Emilia Alors-Pérez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sergio Pedraza-Arévalo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Teresa González-Serrano
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Anatomical Pathology Service, HURS, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Oscar Reyes
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Computer Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez-López
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Anatomical Pathology Service, HURS, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Sánchez-Sánchez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Anatomical Pathology Service, HURS, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sebastián Ventura
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Computer Sciences, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Elena M Yubero-Serrano
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain; Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María J Requena-Tapia
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain.
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Sun Y, Yan L, Guo J, Shao J, Jia R. Downregulation of SRSF3 by antisense oligonucleotides sensitizes oral squamous cell carcinoma and breast cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 84:1133-1143. [PMID: 31515668 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Paclitaxel (PTX) is widely used in the chemotherapy of many cancers, including breast cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, many patients respond poorly to PTX treatment. The SRSF3 oncogene and several splicing factors play important roles in OSCC tumorigenesis. This study aimed to understand the function of splicing factors in PTX treatment and improve the therapeutic effects of PTX treatment. METHODS Splicing factors regulated by PTX treatment were screened in CAL 27 cell by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The function of SRSF3 in PTX treatment was analyzed by gain-of-function or loss-of-function assay in OSCC cell lines CAL 27 and SCC-9 and breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Alternative splicing of SRSF3 exon 4 in cancer tissues or cells was analyzed by RT-PCR and online program TSVdb. SRSF3-specific antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) SR-3 was used to downregulate SRSF3 expression and enhance the effect of PTX treatment. RESULTS PTX treatment decreased SRSF3 expression, and SRSF3 overexpression rescued the growth inhibition caused by PTX in both OSCC and breast cancer cells. Moreover, we found that PTX treatment could repress SRSF3 exon 4 (containing an in-frame stop codon) exclusion and then decrease the SRSF3 protein expression. Increased exclusion of SRSF3 exon 4 is correlated with poor survival in OSCC and breast cancer patients. SR-3 downregulated SRSF3 protein expression and significantly increased the sensitivity of cancer cells to PTX treatment. CONCLUSIONS SRSF3 downregulation by ASO sensitizes cancer cells to PTX treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyan Yan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Shao
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, 116 Zhuodaoquan South Load, 430079, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Dumont AA, Dumont L, Berthiaume J, Auger-Messier M. p38α MAPK proximity assay reveals a regulatory mechanism of alternative splicing in cardiomyocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2019; 1866:118557. [PMID: 31505169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is essential for normal heart function. However, p38 also contributes to heart failure pathogenesis by affecting cardiomyocytes contractility and survival. To unravel part of the complex role of p38 in cardiac function, we performed an APEX2-based proximity assay in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and identified the protein interaction networks (interactomes) of two highly expressed p38 isoforms in the heart. We found that p38α and p38γ have distinct interactomes in cardiomyocytes under both basal and osmotic stress-activated states. Interestingly, the activated p38α interactome contains many RNA-binding proteins implicated in splicing, including the serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3). Its interaction with the activated p38α was validated by co-immunoprecipitation. The cytoplasmic abundance and alternative splicing function of SRSF3 are also both modulated by the p38 signaling pathway. Our findings reveal a new function for p38 as a specific regulator of SRSF3 in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey-Ann Dumont
- Département de Médecine, Service de Cardiologie, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Lauralyne Dumont
- Département de Médecine, Service de Cardiologie, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Berthiaume
- Département de Médecine, Service de Cardiologie, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Mannix Auger-Messier
- Département de Médecine, Service de Cardiologie, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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Jia R, Ajiro M, Yu L, McCoy P, Zheng ZM. Oncogenic splicing factor SRSF3 regulates ILF3 alternative splicing to promote cancer cell proliferation and transformation. RNA 2019; 25:630-644. [PMID: 30796096 PMCID: PMC6467003 DOI: 10.1261/rna.068619.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is an important focus in molecular and clinical oncology. We report here that SRSF3 regulates alternative RNA splicing of interleukin enhancer binding factor 3 (ILF3) and production of this double-strand RNA-binding protein. An increased coexpression of ILF3 isoforms and SRSF3 was found in various types of cancers. ILF3 isoform-1 and isoform-2 promote cell proliferation and transformation. Tumor cells with reduced SRSF3 expression produce aberrant isoform-5 and -7 of ILF3. By binding to RNA sequence motifs, SRSF3 regulates the production of various ILF3 isoforms by exclusion/inclusion of ILF3 exon 18 or by selection of an alternative 3' splice site within exon 18. ILF3 isoform-5 and isoform-7 suppress tumor cell proliferation and the isoform-7 induces cell apoptosis. Our data indicate that ILF3 isoform-1 and isoform-2 are two critical factors for cell proliferation and transformation. The increased SRSF3 expression in cancer cells plays an important role in maintaining the steady status of ILF3 isoform-1 and isoform-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jia
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Ke Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Masahiko Ajiro
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Lulu Yu
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Philip McCoy
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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Buoso E, Ronfani M, Galasso M, Ventura D, Corsini E, Racchi M. Cortisol-induced SRSF3 expression promotes GR splicing, RACK1 expression and breast cancer cells migration. Pharmacol Res 2019; 143:17-26. [PMID: 30862604 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent data have demonstrated that triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) with high glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression are associated to therapy resistance and increased mortality. Given that GR alternative splicing generates mainly GRα, responsible of glucocorticoids action, we investigated its role in the regulation of RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1), a scaffolding protein with a GRE (Glucocorticoid Response Element) site on its promoter and involved in breast cancer cells migration and invasion. We provide the first evidence that GRα transcriptionally regulates RACK1 by a mechanism connected to SRSF3 splicing factor, which promotes GRα, essential for RACK1 transcriptional regulation and consequently for cells migration. We also establish that this mechanism can be positively regulated by cortisol. Hence, our data elucidate RACK1 transcriptional regulation and demonstrate that SRSF3 involvement in cells migration implies its role in controlling different pathways thus highlighting that new players have to be considered in GR-positive TNBC.
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Zhou L, Guo J, Jia R. Oncogene SRSF3 suppresses autophagy via inhibiting BECN1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 509:966-972. [PMID: 30654935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular catabolic process. Dysfunction in the autophagy pathway has been demonstrated to be associated with many human diseases, including cancer. Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is also an evolutionarily conserved regulatory mechanism of gene expression. Dysregulation of alternative splicing is increasingly linked to cancer. However, the association between these two cellular conserved processes is unclear. Splicing factors are critical players in the regulation of alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. We analyzed the expression of 28 splicing factors during hypoxia-induced autophagy in three oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines. We discovered that oncogenes SRSF3 and SRSF1 are significantly downregulated in all three cell lines. Moreover, knockdown of SRSF3 increased autophagic activity, whereas overexpression of SRSF3 inhibited hypoxia-induced autophagy. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays also showed that SRSF3 inhibits the expression of p65 and FoxO1 and their downstream target gene BECN1, a key regulator of autophagy. Our results demonstrated that splicing factor SRSF3 is an autophagy suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
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Culjkovic-Kraljacic B, Borden KLB. The Impact of Post-transcriptional Control: Better Living Through RNA Regulons. Front Genet 2018; 9:512. [PMID: 30455716 PMCID: PMC6230556 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, cancer is viewed as a disease driven by genetic mutations and/or epigenetic and transcriptional dysregulation. While these are undoubtedly important drivers, many recent studies highlight the disconnect between the proteome and the genome or transcriptome. At least in part, this disconnect arises as a result of dysregulated RNA metabolism which underpins the altered proteomic landscape observed. Thus, it is important to understand the basic mechanisms governing post-transcriptional control and how these processes can be co-opted to drive cancer cell phenotypes. In some cases, groups of mRNAs that encode protein involved in specific oncogenic processes can be co-regulated at multiple processing levels in order to turn on entire biochemical pathways. Indeed, the RNA regulon model was postulated as a means to understand how cells coordinately regulate transcripts encoding proteins in the same biochemical pathways. In this review, we describe some of the basic mRNA processes that are dysregulated in cancer and the biological impact this has on the cell. This dysregulation can affect networks of RNAs simultaneously thereby underpinning the oncogenic phenotypes observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Culjkovic-Kraljacic
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine L B Borden
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Peng HY, Liang YC, Tan TH, Chuang HC, Lin YJ, Lin JC. RBM4a- SRSF3-MAP4K4 Splicing Cascade Constitutes a Molecular Mechanism for Regulating Brown Adipogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2646. [PMID: 30200638 PMCID: PMC6163301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) reportedly attenuates insulin-mediated signaling which participates in the development of brown adipose tissues (BATs). Nevertheless, the effect of MAP4K4 on brown adipogenesis remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, results of a transcriptome analysis (also referred as RNA-sequencing) showed differential expressions of MAP4K4 or SRSF3 transcripts isolated from distinct stages of embryonic BATs. The discriminative splicing profiles of MAP4K4 or SRSF3 were noted as well in brown adipocytes (BAs) with RNA-binding motif protein 4-knockout (RBM4-/-) compared to the wild-type counterparts. Moreover, the relatively high expressions of authentic SRSF3 transcripts encoding the splicing factor functioned as a novel regulator toward MAP4K4 splicing during brown adipogenesis. The presence of alternatively spliced MAP4K4 variants exerted differential effects on the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) which was correlated with the differentiation or metabolic signature of BAs. Collectively, the RBM4-SRSF3-MAP4K4 splicing cascade constitutes a novel molecular mechanism in manipulating the development of BAs through related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yu Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chih Liang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program in Medicine Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Tse-Hua Tan
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Huai-Chia Chuang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Chun Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program in Medicine Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The Microprocessor complex, consisting of an RNase III DROSHA and the DGCR8 dimer, cleaves primary microRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to initiate microRNA (miRNA) maturation. Pri-miRNAs are stem-loop RNAs, and ∼79% of them contain at least one of the three major and conserved RNA motifs, UG, UGU, and CNNC. We recently demonstrated that the basal UG and apical UGU motifs of pri-miRNAs interact with DROSHA and DGCR8, respectively. They help orient Microprocessor on pri-miRNA in a proper direction in which DROSHA and DGCR8 localize to the basal and apical pri-miRNA junctions, respectively. In addition, CNNC, located at ∼17 nucleotides (nt) from the Microprocessor cleavage site, interacts with SRSF3 (SRp20) to stimulate Microprocessor to process pri-miRNAs. The mechanism underlying this stimulation, however, is unknown. In this study, we discovered that SRSF3 recruits DROSHA to the basal junction in a CNNC-dependent manner, thereby enhancing Microprocessor activity. Furthermore, by generating various pri-miRNA substrates containing CNNC at different locations, we demonstrated that such stimulation only occurs when CNNC is located at ∼17 nt from the Microprocessor cleavage site. Our findings reveal the molecular mechanism of SRSF3 in pri-miRNA processing and support the previously proposed explanation for the highly conserved position of CNNC in SRSF3-enhanced pri-miRNA processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kijun Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Trung Duc Nguyen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tuan Anh Nguyen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Ke H, Zhao L, Zhang H, Feng X, Xu H, Hao J, Wang S, Yang Q, Zou L, Su X, Wang L, Wu C, Wang Y, Nie J, Jiao B. Loss of TDP43 inhibits progression of triple-negative breast cancer in coordination with SRSF3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E3426-35. [PMID: 29581274 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714573115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant alternative splicing has been highlighted as a potential hallmark of cancer. Here, we identify TDP43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) as an important splicing regulator responsible for the unique splicing profile in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Clinical data demonstrate that TDP43 is highly expressed in TNBC with poor prognosis. Knockdown of TDP43 inhibits tumor progression, including proliferation and metastasis, and overexpression of TDP43 promotes proliferation and malignancy of mammary epithelial cells. Deep sequencing analysis and functional experiments indicate that TDP43 alters most splicing events with splicing factor SRSF3 (serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3), in the regulation of TNBC progression. The TDP43/SRSF3 complex controls specific splicing events, including downstream genes PAR3 and NUMB The effect of reduced metastasis and proliferation upon the knockdown of TDP43 or SRSF3 is mediated by the splicing regulation of PAR3 and NUMB exon 12, respectively. The TDP43/SRSF3 complex and downstream PAR3 isoform are potential therapeutic targets for TNBC.
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Kim HR, Shin CH, Lee H, Choi KH, Nam DH, Ohn T, Kim HH. MicroRNA-1908-5p contributes to the oncogenic function of the splicing factor SRSF3. Oncotarget 2017; 8:8342-55. [PMID: 28039456 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine/arginine (SR)-rich proteins that contain RS domains and SR repeats have diverse cellular functions including transcription, polyadenylation, translation, and RNA export. The splicing factor SRSF3, also termed SRp20, is the smallest member of the SR protein family and is a known proto-oncogene. Although it is implicated in the malignant phenotypes of various cancer cells, the molecular mechanism underlying SRSF3-mediated cancer progression is still obscure. We investigated here the oncogenic functions of SRSF3 in osteosarcoma U2OS cells. Knockdown of SRSF3 inhibited proliferation, clonogenicity, and metastatic potential including migration and invasion. It also decreased the level of miR-1908 independent of its host gene FADS1. Although FADS1 was not associated with SRSF3-mediated malignant properties, overexpression of miR-1908-5p increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, suggesting that miR-1908-5p is responsible for the oncogenic functions of SRSF3. Knockdown of SRSF3 decreased the expression of miR-1908-5p by inhibiting transactivation of NF-κB. We observed that miR-1908-5p downregulated NF-κB inhibitor interacting Ras-like 2 (NKIRAS2), a negative regulator of the NF-κB pathway by directly binding to the 3'UTR of NKIRAS2 mRNA. Consistent with overexpression of miR-1908-5p, knockdown of NKIRAS2 diminished the expression level of IκB-β and provoked translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus where it transcriptionally activates its target genes including miR-1908-5p expression, thus elevating the proliferation and metastatic potential. Taken together, our results demonstrate that SRSF3 confers the malignant characteristics on cancer cells via the SRSF3/miR-1908-5p/NKIRAS2 axis.
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Torres S, García-Palmero I, Marín-Vicente C, Bartolomé RA, Calviño E, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Casal JI. Proteomic Characterization of Transcription and Splicing Factors Associated with a Metastatic Phenotype in Colorectal Cancer. J Proteome Res 2017; 17:252-264. [PMID: 29131639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated new transcription and splicing factors associated with the metastatic phenotype in colorectal cancer. A concatenated tandem array of consensus transcription factor (TF)-response elements was used to pull down nuclear extracts in two different pairs of colorectal cancer cells, KM12SM/KM12C and SW620/480, genetically related but differing in metastatic ability. Proteins were analyzed by label-free LC-MS and quantified with MaxLFQ. We found 240 proteins showing a significant dysregulation in highly metastatic KM12SM cells relative to nonmetastatic KM12C cells and 257 proteins in metastatic SW620 versus SW480. In both cell lines there were similar alterations in genuine TFs and components of the splicing machinery like UPF1, TCF7L2/TCF-4, YBX1, or SRSF3. However, a significant number of alterations were cell-line specific. Functional silencing of MAFG, TFE3, TCF7L2/TCF-4, and SRSF3 in KM12 cells caused alterations in adhesion, survival, proliferation, migration, and liver homing, supporting their role in metastasis. Finally, we investigated the prognostic value of the altered TFs and splicing factors in cancer patients. SRSF3 and SFPQ showed significant prognostic value. We observed that SRSF3 displayed a gradual loss of expression associated with cancer progression. Loss of SRSF3 expression was significantly associated with poor survival and shorter disease-free survival, particularly in early stages, in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Torres
- Functional Proteomics, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC) , Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Irene García-Palmero
- Functional Proteomics, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC) , Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Consuelo Marín-Vicente
- Functional Proteomics, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC) , Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Proteomic Facilities, CIB-CSIC , Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Rubén A Bartolomé
- Functional Proteomics, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC) , Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Eva Calviño
- Functional Proteomics, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC) , Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | | | - J Ignacio Casal
- Functional Proteomics, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC) , Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
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47
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Chang YL, Hsu YJ, Chen Y, Wang YW, Huang SM. Theophylline exhibits anti-cancer activity via suppressing SRSF3 in cervical and breast cancer cell lines. Oncotarget 2017; 8:101461-101474. [PMID: 29254178 PMCID: PMC5731888 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine are the most well-known members of methylxanthines. Caffeine-induced serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2, SRSF2, and SRSF3 are required for the alternative splicing of a subset of cancer-associated genes. However, it remains to be investigated whether and how theophylline and theobromine as well as caffeine exert their antitumor effects through mediating the alternative splicing process. Here, we reveal that theophylline down-regulated SRSF3 expression and switched p53 from alpha into a beta isoform as caffeine did in HeLa and MCF-7 cells via the reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Further functional studies show that theophylline induced cellular apoptosis, senescence, and decreased colony formation. Interestingly, theophylline had a suppressive effect on cellular proliferation, whereas caffeine enhanced cellular proliferation rates via the 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine analysis. Theophylline and caffeine had no effect on MCF-10A cells, which is a normal breast cell line. Our results provide an insight that theophylline as well as caffeine could be repurposed as antitumor leading compounds via the downregulation of splicing factor SRSF3 and its target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Lung Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Juei Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wen Wang
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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48
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Abstract
How does a mammalian cell determine when newly synthesized mRNAs are fully processed and appropriate for nuclear export? Müller-McNicoll and colleagues (pp. 553-566) expand on mechanisms known to be mediated by nuclear export factor 1 (NXF1) by describing SR proteins as NXF1 adaptors that flag alternatively spliced and polyadenylated mRNA isoforms as cargo ready for the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyad A Elbarbary
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA; Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Lynne E Maquat
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA; Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
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49
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Müller-McNicoll M, Botti V, de Jesus Domingues AM, Brandl H, Schwich OD, Steiner MC, Curk T, Poser I, Zarnack K, Neugebauer KM. SR proteins are NXF1 adaptors that link alternative RNA processing to mRNA export. Genes Dev 2016; 30:553-66. [PMID: 26944680 PMCID: PMC4782049 DOI: 10.1101/gad.276477.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Müller-McNicoll et al. investigate how export machinery assembles on mRNA and how it senses mRNA maturity before exporting mRNAs from the nucleus. They show that SR proteins act as NXF1 adaptors by connecting alternative splicing and 3′ end formation to mRNA export in vivo and propose that SR proteins and NXF1 form a ternary complex on mRNAs, particularly in last exons, and shuttle together to the cytoplasm. Nuclear export factor 1 (NXF1) exports mRNA to the cytoplasm after recruitment to mRNA by specific adaptor proteins. How and why cells use numerous different export adaptors is poorly understood. Here we critically evaluate members of the SR protein family (SRSF1–7) for their potential to act as NXF1 adaptors that couple pre-mRNA processing to mRNA export. Consistent with this proposal, >1000 endogenous mRNAs required individual SR proteins for nuclear export in vivo. To address the mechanism, transcriptome-wide RNA-binding profiles of NXF1 and SRSF1–7 were determined in parallel by individual-nucleotide-resolution UV cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (iCLIP). Quantitative comparisons of RNA-binding sites showed that NXF1 and SR proteins bind mRNA targets at adjacent sites, indicative of cobinding. SRSF3 emerged as the most potent NXF1 adaptor, conferring sequence specificity to RNA binding by NXF1 in last exons. Interestingly, SRSF3 and SRSF7 were shown to bind different sites in last exons and regulate 3′ untranslated region length in an opposing manner. Both SRSF3 and SRSF7 promoted NXF1 recruitment to mRNA. Thus, SRSF3 and SRSF7 couple alternative splicing and polyadenylation to NXF1-mediated mRNA export, thereby controlling the cytoplasmic abundance of transcripts with alternative 3′ ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Müller-McNicoll
- RNA Regulation Group, Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Valentina Botti
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - Holger Brandl
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver D Schwich
- RNA Regulation Group, Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences (BMLS), 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Michaela C Steiner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tomaz Curk
- Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Ina Poser
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathi Zarnack
- Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences (BMLS), 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Karla M Neugebauer
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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50
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Abstract
Among myriads of distinct chemical modifications in RNAs, dynamic N6-methyladenosine (m(6)A) is one of the most prevalent modifications in eukaryotic mRNAs and non-coding RNAs. Similar to the critical role of chemical modifications in regulation of DNA and protein activities, RNA m(6)A modification is also observed to be involved in the regulation of diverse functions of RNAs including meiosis, fertility, development, cell reprogramming and circadian period. The RNA m(6)A modification is recognized by YTH domain containing family proteins comprising of YTHDC1-2 and YTHDF1-3. Here we focus on the nuclear m(6)A reader YTHDC1 and its regulatory role in alternative splicing and other RNA metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Adhikari
- a Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine , Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Wen Xiao
- a Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine , Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yong-Liang Zhao
- b Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine , China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yun-Gui Yang
- a Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine , Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
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