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Doležal R, Houdková I, Kalász H, Andrýs R, Novák M, Maltsevskaya NV, Karásková N, Kolář K, Novotná E, Kuča K, Žďárová Karasová J. Determination of Hypericin in Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort) Using Classical C18 and Pentafluorophenyl Stationary Phases: Contribution of Pi–Pi Interactions to High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). ANAL LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2019.1571076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Doležal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Houdková
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Huba Kalász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Andrýs
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Novák
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Natálie Karásková
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Kolář
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Novotná
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Žďárová Karasová
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Hradec Kralove, University of Defense, Brno, Czech Republic
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Khan AW, Khan AU, Shah SMM, Ullah A, Faheem M, Saleem M. An Updated List of Neuromedicinal Plants of Pakistan, Their Uses, and Phytochemistry. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:6191505. [PMID: 30941198 PMCID: PMC6420976 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6191505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Almost every region of Pakistan is stacked with a large number of medicinal plants. Due to high cost and unavailability of allopathic medicines for the neurological diseases, especially in rural areas, traditional healers prescribe phytotherapy for various neurological diseases like epilepsy, depression, anxiety, insomnia, Alzheimer, and migraine. Such treatments are considered to be most effective by the native people. METHODS The data was collected from articles published on medicinal plants of various districts of Pakistan, using article search engines like Medline, Pubmed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Also, information regarding various neurological uses and mode of applications of medicinal plants was obtained from traditional healers, folk medicine users, and local elderly people having knowledge of medicinal plants. RESULTS A total of 54 families were found to be used in various neurological diseases, of which the highest use was of Solanaceae (22.22%), Asteraceae (12.96%), Lamiaceae, Papaveraceae, and Poaceae, 9% each, and Caprifoliaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Rhamnaceae, and Rosaceae, 5.5% each. According to districts, 15% of plants that were effective in neurological affections were found in Bahawalpur, 11% in Swat, 8% in Muzaffarabad, 7% in Malakand, and 6% in Bahawalnagar, Dir, Gilgat, and Sarghoda each, with 5% in Dera ghazi khan and Jhelum each. According to the plant's habit, out of total of 103 plants, 61.15% were found to be herbs, 22.33% trees, 11.65% shrubs, and 4.85% climbers. According to the part used of plant, whole plant, leaves, fruits, roots, seeds, and flowers were found to be used 32.03%, 24.27%, 20.38%, 16.50%, 13.59%, and 11.65%, respectively. According to disease's types, 45.63% were found to be effective in insomnia, 31.06% in epilepsy 12.62% in depression, 6.80% in anxiety, 7.77% in hysteria, and 5.88% in migraine. CONCLUSION Taking into consideration this useful knowledge on medicinal properties of the plants for curing neurologic diseases, it is believed that research in areas of ethnomedicine and ethnopharmacology can bring auspicious results that have potential of adding value to the very rich natural resources of Pakistan. This study will help all the researchers from diverse backgrounds working on plants based medicine for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arif-ullah Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Aziz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Yan XT, An Z, Huangfu Y, Zhang YT, Li CH, Chen X, Liu PL, Gao JM. Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol and phenolic metabolites from the aerial parts of Hypericum elatoides and their neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 159:65-74. [PMID: 30594026 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical study on the aerial parts of Hypericum elatoides led to the isolation of a previously undescribed polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative, hyperelatone A, seven previously undescribed phenolic metabolites, hyperelatones B-H, along with ten known analogues. The structures of hyperelatones A-H were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, HRESIMS experiment, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and comparison of experimental and calculated ECD spectra, as well as chemical derivatization. All compounds were evaluated for their neuroprotective activity against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell injury in rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells and inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in BV-2 microglial cells. Hyperelatones B-D and H, cinchonain Ib, and tenuiside A showed noticeable neuroprotection at concentrations of 1.0-100.0 μM. Hyperelatones D, G, and H, (-)-epicatechin, tenuiside A, and (Z)-3-hexenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside exhibited significant anti-neuroinflammatory activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.75 ± 0.02 to 5.83 ± 0.23 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Tao Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen An
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucui Huangfu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Teng Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Huan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Liang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China.
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Athmouni K, Belhaj D, Gammoudi S, El Feki A, Ayadi H. Nano-encapsulation using macrocyclic carbohydrate polymers (β-cyclodextrins) of Periploca angustifolia extract: Physical stability and protective effect against cadmium-induced alterations in HepG2 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:711-720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bridi H, Meirelles GDC, von Poser GL. Structural diversity and biological activities of phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum species. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 155:203-232. [PMID: 30153613 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants of the genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) are used in folk medicine all over the world, H. perforatum being the most well-known species. Standardized extracts of this plant are commercially-available to treat mild to moderate depression cases. The present review summarizes the literature published up to 2016 concerning the phloroglucinol derivatives isolated from Hypericum species, together with their structural features and biological activities. These phytochemical studies led to the isolation of 101 prenylated phloroglucinols, chromanes and chromenes, 35 dimeric acylphloroglucinols, 235 polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols, 25 simple benzophenones and 33 phloroglucinol-terpene adducts. These compounds show a diverse range of biological activities, such as antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antinociceptive and antidepressant-like effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Bridi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre/RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | | | - Gilsane Lino von Poser
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre/RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
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Soares TB, Loureiro L, Carvalho A, Oliveira MECR, Dias A, Sarmento B, Lúcio M. Lipid nanocarriers loaded with natural compounds: Potential new therapies for age related neurodegenerative diseases? Prog Neurobiol 2018; 168:21-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Rutin as a Potent Antioxidant: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6241017. [PMID: 30050657 PMCID: PMC6040293 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6241017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and prion diseases, share common mechanisms such as neuronal loss, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Intervention strategies using plant-derived bioactive compounds have been offered as a form of treatment for these debilitating conditions, as there are currently no remedies to prevent, reverse, or halt the progression of neuronal loss. Rutin, a glycoside of the flavonoid quercetin, is found in many plants and fruits, especially buckwheat, apricots, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, plums, and oranges. Pharmacological studies have reported the beneficial effects of rutin in many disease conditions, and its therapeutic potential in several models of NDs has created considerable excitement. Here, we have summarized the current knowledge on the neuroprotective mechanisms of rutin in various experimental models of NDs. The mechanisms of action reviewed in this article include reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, improved antioxidant enzyme activities, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, downregulation of mRNA expression of PD-linked and proapoptotic genes, upregulation of the ion transport and antiapoptotic genes, and restoration of the activities of mitochondrial complex enzymes. Taken together, these findings suggest that rutin may be a promising neuroprotective compound for the treatment of NDs.
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Oliveira AI, Pinho C, Fonte P, Sarmento B, Dias AC. Development, characterization, antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) nanoparticles loaded with a neuroprotective fraction of Hypericum perforatum. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 110:185-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sarrou E, Giassafaki LP, Masuero D, Perenzoni D, Vizirianakis IS, Irakli M, Chatzopoulou P, Martens S. Metabolomics assisted fingerprint of Hypericum perforatum chemotypes and assessment of their cytotoxic activity. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 114:325-333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Antidepressant Flavonoids and Their Relationship with Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5762172. [PMID: 29410733 PMCID: PMC5749298 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5762172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a serious disorder that affects hundreds of millions of people around the world and causes poor quality of life, problem behaviors, and limitations in activities of daily living. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic options is of high interest and growth. Research on the relationship between depression and oxidative stress has shown important biochemical aspects in the development of this disease. Flavonoids are a class of natural products that exhibit several pharmacological properties, including antidepressant-like activity, and affects various physiological and biochemical functions in the body. Studies show the clinical potential of antioxidant flavonoids in treating depressive disorders and strongly suggest that these natural products are interesting prototype compounds in the study of new antidepressant drugs. So, this review will summarize the chemical and pharmacological perspectives related to the discovery of flavonoids with antidepressant activity. The mechanisms of action of these compounds are also discussed, including their actions on oxidative stress relating to depression.
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Braga T, Rodrigues MJ, Pereira H, Varela J, Barreira L, González-Wangüemert M, Custódio L. Bursatella leachiifrom Mar Menor as a Source of Bioactive Molecules: Preliminary Evaluation of the Nutritional Profile,In VitroBiological Activities, and Fatty Acids Contents. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2017.1392670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Braga
- Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria João Rodrigues
- Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Hugo Pereira
- Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - João Varela
- Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Barreira
- Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | | | - Luísa Custódio
- Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
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Nigutová K, Kusari S, Sezgin S, Petijová L, Henzelyová J, Bálintová M, Spiteller M, Čellárová E. Chemometric evaluation of hypericin and related phytochemicals in 17 in vitro cultured Hypericum species, hairy root cultures and hairy root-derived transgenic plants. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 71:46-57. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this study was to ascertain the presence and correlations among eight important secondary metabolites viz. hypericin, pseudohypericin, emodin, hyperforin, rutin, hyperoside, quercetin and quercitrin in different organs of 17 in vitro cultured Hypericum species, along with H. tomentosum and H. tetrapterum hairy root cultures, and hairy root-derived transgenic plants of H. tomentosum.
Methods
Samples were extracted and analysed by LC-MS. The LC-MS data were subjected to chemometric evaluations for metabolite profiling and correlating the phytochemical compositions in different samples.
Key findings
Hypericin, pseudohypericin and their proposed precursor emodin were detected in various levels in the leaves of eight Hypericum species. The highest content of hypericins and emodin was found in H. tetrapterum, which contains the studied secondary metabolites in all plant organs. A significant positive correlation between hypericins and emodin was observed both by principal component analysis (PCA) and multidimensional scaling (MDS), indicating the role of emodin as a possible precursor in the biosynthetic pathway of hypericins. Flavonoids were found in all tested plant organs except roots of H. pulchrum. The hairy roots lacked hypericin, pseudohypericin, emodin, hyperforin and rutin. However, the hairy root-derived transgenic plants showed a significant increase in flavonoids.
Conclusions
This study broadens knowledge about the phytochemical composition of selected in vitro cultured Hypericum species, compared to that of hairy root cultures and hairy root-derived transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Nigutová
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Selahaddin Sezgin
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Linda Petijová
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Henzelyová
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Bálintová
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Eva Čellárová
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
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Shakya P, Marslin G, Siram K, Beerhues L, Franklin G. Elicitation as a tool to improve the profiles of high-value secondary metabolites and pharmacological properties of Hypericum perforatum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 71:70-82. [PMID: 28523644 PMCID: PMC6585710 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this review, we aim at updating the available information on the improvement of the Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) phytochemical profile and pharmacological properties via elicitation. KEY FINDINGS Hypericum perforatum seedlings, shoots, roots, calli and cell suspension cultures were treated with diverse elicitors to induce the formation of secondary metabolites. The extracts of the elicitor-treated plant material containing naphthodianthrones, phloroglucinols, xanthones, flavonoids and other new compounds were quantitatively analysed and tested for their bioactivities. While hypericins were mainly produced in H. perforatum cultures containing dark nodules, namely shoots and seedlings, other classes of compounds such as xanthones, phloroglucinols and flavonoids were formed in all types of cultures. The extracts obtained from elicitor-treated samples generally possessed better bioactivities compared to the extract of control biomass. SUMMARY Although elicitation is an excellent tool for the production of valuable secondary metabolites in H. perforatum cell and tissue cultures, its exploitation is still in its infancy mainly due to the lack of reproducibility and difficulties in scaling up biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Shakya
- Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Wielkopolska, Poland
| | - Gregory Marslin
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Karthik Siram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ludger Beerhues
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gregory Franklin
- Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Wielkopolska, Poland
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Cakir M, Duzova H, Baysal I, Gül CC, Kuşcu G, Kutluk F, Çakin H, Şeker Ş, İlbeği E, Uslu S, Avci U, Demir S, Akinci C, Atli S. The effect of hypericum perforatum on kidney ischemia/reperfusion damage. Ren Fail 2017; 39:385-391. [PMID: 28209087 PMCID: PMC6014337 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2017.1287734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been revealed in recent studies that Hypericum Perforatum (HP) is influential on cancer, inflammatory diseases, bacterial and viral diseases, and has neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of HP, which is known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, on kidney I/R damage. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups, and each of the groups had eight rats: The Control Group; the Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) Group; and the IR + HP Group which was treated with 50 mg/kg of HP. The right kidneys of the rats were removed, and the left kidney developed ischemia during the 45th min, and reperfusion occurred in the following 3rd h. The histopathological findings and also the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) enzyme activations in the renal tissues were measured. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Creatinin (Cre) from serum samples were determined. The levels of BUN, Cre, and kidney tissue MDA increased at a significant level, and the SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX enzyme activity decreased at a significant level in the I/R group, compared with the Control Group (p < 0.05). In the I/R + HP group, the levels of MDA decreased at a significant level compared to the I/R group, while the SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX activity increased (p < 0.05). In histopathological examinations, it was observed that the tubular dilatation and epithelial desquamation regressed in the IR + HP Group when compared with the I/R Group. It has been shown with the histological and biochemical results in this study that HP is protective against acute renal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Cakir
- a Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Halil Duzova
- a Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Işil Baysal
- b Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Cemile Ceren Gül
- b Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Gülbahar Kuşcu
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Fatma Kutluk
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Hilal Çakin
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Şifanur Şeker
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Esranur İlbeği
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Seda Uslu
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Umut Avci
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Samet Demir
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Cihan Akinci
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Sercan Atli
- c Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey
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Kucharíková A, Kusari S, Sezgin S, Spiteller M, Čellárová E. Occurrence and Distribution of Phytochemicals in the Leaves of 17 In vitro Cultured Hypericum spp. Adapted to Outdoor Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1616. [PMID: 27833633 PMCID: PMC5081374 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of plants belonging to the genus Hypericum have been investigated so far owing to the biological efficacies of pharmacologically important secondary metabolites produced by several Hypericum species. However, there is currently a dearth of information about the localization (accumulation) of these compounds in the plants in situ. In particular, the biosynthetic and ecological consequence of acclimatization of in vitro cultured Hypericum spp. to outdoor conditions is not fully known. Herein, we report an application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (MALDI-HRMS) to reveal the distribution of major naphthodianthrones hypericin, pseudohypericin, protohypericin, and their proposed precursor emodin as well as emodin anthrone, along with the phloroglucinol derivative hyperforin, the flavonoids quercetin, quercitrin, rutin and hyperoside (and/or isoquercitrin), and chlorogenic acid in Hypericum leaves. Plants encompassing seventeen Hypericum species classified into eleven sections, which were first cultured in vitro and later acclimatized to outdoor conditions, were studied. We focused both on the secretory (dark and translucent glands, other types of glands, and glandular-like structures) as well as the non-secretory leaf tissues. We comparatively analyzed and interpreted the occurrence and accumulation of our target compounds in different leaf tissues of the seventeen species to get an intra-sectional as well as inter-sectional perspective. The naphthodianthrones, along with emodin, were present in all species containing the dark glands. In selected species, hypericin and pseudohypericin accumulated not only in the dark glands, but also in translucent glands and non-secretory leaf tissues. Although hyperforin was localized mainly in translucent glands, it was present sporadically in the dark glands in selected species. The flavonoids quercetin, quercitrin, and hyperoside (and/or isoquercitrin) were distributed throughout the leaves. Rutin was present only within sections Hypericum, Adenosepalum, Ascyreia, and Psorophytum. Our study provides insights into the prospects and challenges of using in vitro cultured Hypericum plants, further adapted to field conditions, for commercial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kucharíková
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in KošiceKošice, Slovakia
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Institute of Environmental Research, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of DortmundDortmund, Germany
| | - Selahaddin Sezgin
- Institute of Environmental Research, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of DortmundDortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of DortmundDortmund, Germany
| | - Eva Čellárová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in KošiceKošice, Slovakia
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