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Dallastella M, de Oliveira WK, Rodrigues ML, Goldenberg S, Alves LR. The characterization of RNA-binding proteins and RNA metabolism-related proteins in fungal extracellular vesicles. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1247329. [PMID: 37780856 PMCID: PMC10539620 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1247329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are essential for regulating RNA metabolism, stability, and translation within cells. Recent studies have shown that RBPs are not restricted to intracellular functions and can be found in extracellular vesicles (EVs) in different mammalian cells. EVs released by fungi contain a variety of proteins involved in RNA metabolism. These include RNA helicases, which play essential roles in RNA synthesis, folding, and degradation. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, responsible for acetylating tRNA molecules, are also enriched in EVs, suggesting a possible link between these enzymes and tRNA fragments detected in EVs. Proteins with canonical RNA-binding domains interact with proteins and RNA, such as the RNA Recognition Motif (RRM), Zinc finger, and hnRNP K-homology (KH) domains. Polyadenylate-binding protein (PABP) plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression by binding the poly(A) tail of messenger RNA (mRNA) and facilitating its translation, stability, and localization, making it a key factor in post-transcriptional control of gene expression. The presence of proteins related to the RNA life cycle in EVs from different fungal species suggests a conserved mechanism of EV cargo packing. Various models have been proposed for selecting RNA molecules for release into EVs. Still, the actual loading processes are unknown, and further molecular characterization of these proteins may provide insight into the mechanism of RNA sorting into EVs. This work reviews the current knowledge of RBPs and proteins related to RNA metabolism in EVs derived from distinct fungi species, and presents an analysis of proteomic datasets through GO term and orthology analysis, Our investigation identified orthologous proteins in fungal EVs on different fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Dallastella
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Willian Klassen de Oliveira
- Laboratory for Applied Sciences and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ PR, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcio L. Rodrigues
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, Brazil
- Microbiology Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Samuel Goldenberg
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lysangela R. Alves
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, Brazil
- Research Center in Infectious Diseases, Division of Infectious Disease and Immunity CHU de Quebec Research Center, University Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
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Wu Q, Li L, Jia Y, Xu T, Zhou X. Advances in studies of circulating microRNAs: origination, transportation, and distal target regulation. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:445-455. [PMID: 36357651 PMCID: PMC9648873 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, numerous advances emerged in terms of circulating microRNA(miRNA) regulating gene expression by circulating blood to the distal tissues and cells. This article reviewed and summarized the process of circulating miRNAs entering the circulating system to exert gene regulation, especially exogenous miRNAs (such as plant miRNAs), from the perspective of the circulating miRNAs source (cell secretion or gastrointestinal absorption), the transport form and pharmacokinetics in circulating blood, and the evidence of distal regulation to gene expression, thereby providing a basis for their in-depth research and even application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingni Wu
- Evidence Based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Longxue Li
- Laboratory Animal Science and Technology Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Model of TCM Syndromes of Depression, Jiangxi Administration of traditional Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Yao Jia
- Evidence Based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Tielong Xu
- Evidence Based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China.
| | - Xu Zhou
- Evidence Based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Sichuan Province, 610000, Chengdu, China.
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Xia B, Liu Y, Wang J, Lu Q, Lv X, Deng K, Yang J. Emerging role of exosome-shuttled noncoding RNAs in gastrointestinal cancers: From intercellular crosstalk to clinical utility. Pharmacol Res 2023; 195:106880. [PMID: 37543095 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer remains a significant global health burden. The pursuit of advancing the comprehension of tumorigenesis, along with the identification of reliable biomarkers and the development of precise therapeutic strategies, represents imperative objectives in this field. Exosomes, small membranous vesicles released by most cells, commonly carry functional biomolecules, including noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are specifically sorted and encapsulated by exosomes. Exosome-mediated communication involves the release of exosomes from tumor or stromal cells and the uptake by nearby or remote recipient cells. The bioactive cargoes contained within these exosomes exert profound effects on the recipient cells, resulting in significant modifications in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and distinct alterations in gastrointestinal tumor behaviors. Due to the feasibility of isolating exosomes from various bodily fluids, exosomal ncRNAs have shown great potential as liquid biopsy-based indicators for different gastrointestinal cancers, using blood, ascites, saliva, or bile samples. Moreover, exosomes are increasingly recognized as natural delivery vehicles for ncRNA-based therapeutic interventions. In this review, we elucidate the processes of ncRNA-enriched exosome biogenesis and uptake, examine the regulatory and functional roles of exosomal ncRNA-mediated intercellular crosstalk in gastrointestinal TME and tumor behaviors, and explore their potential clinical utility in diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Yuzhi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Xiuhe Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Kai Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
| | - Jinlin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
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Yang X, Wang Z, Zhang M, Shuai Z. Differential Expression Profiles of Plasma Exosomal microRNAs in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3687-3698. [PMID: 37663759 PMCID: PMC10473432 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s413994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Differential expression maps of microRNAs (miRNAs) are connected to the autoimmune diseases. This study sought to elucidate the expression maps of exosomal miRNA in plasma of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and their potential clinical significance. Methods In the screening phase, small RNA sequencing was performed to characterize dysregulated exosome-derived miRNAs in the plasma samples from six patients with RA and six healthy patients. At the independent verification stage, the candidate plasma exosomal miRNAs were verified in 40 patients with RA and 32 healthy patients by using qRT-PCR. The correlation of miRNA levels and clinical characteristics was tested in patients with RA. The value of these miRNAs in diagnosing RA was assessed with the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results During the screening phase, 177 and 129 miRNAs were increased and decreased in RA patients and healthy controls, respectively. There were 10 candidate plasma exosomal miRNAs selected for the next identification. Compared with the healthy controls, eight plasma exosomal miRNAs (let-7a-5p, let-7b-5p, let-7d-5p, let-7f-5p, let-7g-5p, let-7i-5p, miR-128-3p, and miR-25-3p) were significantly elevated in RA patients, but miR-144-3p and miR-15a-5p expression exhibited no significant changes. The let-7a-5p and miR-25-3p levels were linked to the rheumatoid factor-positive phenotype in RA patients. For the eight miRNAs, the area under the subject work characteristic curve (AUC) is 0.641 to 0.843, and their combination had a high diagnostic accuracy for RA (AUC = 0.916). Conclusion Our study illustrates that novel exosomal miRNAs in the plasma may represent potential noninvasive biomarkers for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongwen Shuai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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Cruz-Burgos M, Cortés-Ramírez SA, Losada-García A, Morales-Pacheco M, Martínez-Martínez E, Morales-Montor JG, Servín-Haddad A, Izquierdo-Luna JS, Rodríguez-Martínez G, Ramos-Godínez MDP, González-Covarrubias V, Cañavera-Constantino A, González-Ramírez I, Su B, Leong HS, Rodríguez-Dorantes M. Unraveling the Role of EV-Derived miR-150-5p in Prostate Cancer Metastasis and Its Association with High-Grade Gleason Scores: Implications for Diagnosis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4148. [PMID: 37627176 PMCID: PMC10453180 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis remains the leading cause of mortality in prostate cancer patients. The presence of tumor cells in lymph nodes is an established prognostic indicator for several cancer types, such as melanoma, breast, oral, pancreatic, and cervical cancers. Emerging evidence highlights the role of microRNAs enclosed within extracellular vesicles as facilitators of molecular communication between tumors and metastatic sites in the lymph nodes. This study aims to investigate the potential diagnostic utility of EV-derived microRNAs in liquid biopsies for prostate cancer. By employing microarrays on paraffin-embedded samples, we characterized the microRNA expression profiles in metastatic lymph nodes, non-metastatic lymph nodes, and primary tumor tissues of prostate cancer. Differential expression of microRNAs was observed in metastatic lymph nodes compared to prostate tumors and non-metastatic lymph node tissues. Three microRNAs (miR-140-3p, miR-150-5p, and miR-23b-3p) were identified as differentially expressed between tissue and plasma samples. Furthermore, we evaluated the expression of these microRNAs in exosomes derived from prostate cancer cells and plasma samples. Intriguingly, high Gleason score samples exhibited the lowest expression of miR-150-5p compared to control samples. Pathway analysis suggested a potential regulatory role for miR-150-5p in the Wnt pathway and bone metastasis. Our findings suggest EV-derived miR-150-5p as a promising diagnostic marker for identifying patients with high-grade Gleason scores and detecting metastasis at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Cruz-Burgos
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (M.C.-B.)
| | - Sergio A. Cortés-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (M.C.-B.)
| | - Alberto Losada-García
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (M.C.-B.)
| | - Miguel Morales-Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (M.C.-B.)
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Martínez
- Laboratory of Cell Communication and Extracellular Vesicles, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandro Servín-Haddad
- Urology Department, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.G.M.-M.); (A.S.-H.)
| | | | - Griselda Rodríguez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (M.C.-B.)
| | | | | | | | - Imelda González-Ramírez
- Departamento de Atención a la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 14387, Mexico
| | - Boyang Su
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Hon S. Leong
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Mauricio Rodríguez-Dorantes
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (M.C.-B.)
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Shahraki K, Boroumand PG, Lotfi H, Radnia F, Shahriari H, Sargazi S, Mortazavi SS, Shirvaliloo M, Shirvalilou S, Sheervalilou R. An update in the applications of exosomes in cancer theranostics: from research to clinical trials. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:8087-8116. [PMID: 37010586 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles secreted by nearly all viable cells following the fusing of multivesicular bodies and the plasma membrane and discharged into the encircling bodily fluids. Exosomes can transport cell-specific components from the source cell to the target cell. Given the enormous potential of exosomes as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic nanovehicles. Lately, accumulated evidence has demonstrated that exosomes serve an important role in prognosis, diagnosis, and even treatment strategies. While several reviews have collective information on the biomedical application of exosomes, a comprehensive review incorporating updated and improved methodologies for beneficial applications of such vesicles in cancer theranostics is indispensable. In the current review, we first provided a comprehensive review of the introduction of exosomes, featuring their discovery, separation, characterization, function, biogenesis, secretion. The implications of exosomes as promising nanovehicles for drug and gene delivery, application of exosome inhibitors in the management of cancers, completed and ongoing clinical trials on the biological relevance of exosomes are then discussed in detail. As the field of exosome research grows, a better understanding of the subcellular parts and mechanisms involved in exosome secretion and targeting of specific cells will help figure out what their exact physiological functions are in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Shahraki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Alzahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Paria Ghasemi Boroumand
- ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Research Center and Department, Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hajie Lotfi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Radnia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahriari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Milad Shirvaliloo
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Future Science Group, Unitec House, 2 Albert Place, London, N3 1QB, UK
| | - Sakine Shirvalilou
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Roghayeh Sheervalilou
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
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Y D, Ramani P, Yuwanati M, Ramalingam K, S G. MicroRNA Profiling in Circulating Exosomes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e43235. [PMID: 37692575 PMCID: PMC10491488 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common head and neck cancer with several risk factors. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles generated by the fusion of multivesicular structures with the cell membrane and play an important role as intercellular messengers. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a noncoding RNA and regulates post-transcriptional modification. The present systematic review aims to identify and correlate the possible association and role of circulating exosomes with OSCC. Using the search strategy, articles fulfilling the inclusion criteria, published between January 2012 to March 2022, were retrieved from online databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. About 904 articles were found using an electronic database and a human search. After reviewing the titles and abstracts, 614 studies were eliminated, and duplicate articles were removed. Five studies were included in this systematic review. Circulating exosomal expression of miRNA27, miRNA 21, and miRNA 155 showed significant upregulation in OSCC patients. Circulating exosomes could be potential biomarkers to be used in the detection of patients with OSCC. More studies are warranted in this area to gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of OSCC and the function of molecular markers from circulating exosomes. Understanding the role of molecular markers from circulating exosomes in pathogenesis will provide a better understanding of the development of the disease, necessitating more study in this area. According to this review, circulating exosomes might be a potential approach to the identification of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Y
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Monal Yuwanati
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Gheena S
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Xie K, Mo Y, Yue E, Shi N, Liu K. Exosomes derived from M2-type microglia ameliorate oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced HT22 cell injury by regulating miR-124-3p/NCOA4-mediated ferroptosis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17592. [PMID: 37424595 PMCID: PMC10328844 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although it has been reported that miRNA carried by M2 microglial exosomes protects neurons from ischemia-reperfusion brain injury, the mechanism of action remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the miRNA signaling pathway by which M2-type microglia-derived exosomes (M2-exosomes) ameliorate oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced cytotoxicity in HT22 cells. Methods BV2 microglia were induced by M2 polarization. Then, M2-exosomes were identified via transmission electron microscopy and special biomarker detection and co-cultured with HT22 cells. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), Fe2+, glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined using dichlorofluorescein fluorescence and biochemical determination. miR-124-3p levels were determined using qRT-PCR, and protein expressions were examined via western blotting. Results OGD/R suppressed the proliferation and induced the accumulation of Fe2+, ROS, and MDA and reduction of GSH in mouse HT22 cells, suggesting ferroptosis of HT22 cells. OGD/R-induced changes in the above mentioned indexes was ameliorated by M2-exosomes but restored by the exosome inhibitor GW4869. M2-exosomes with (mimic-exo) or without miR-124-3p (inhibitor-exo) promoted and suppressed proliferation and ferroptosis-associated indexes of HT22 cells, respectively. Moreover, mimic-exo and inhibitor-exo inhibited and enhanced NCOA4 expression in HT22 cells, respectively. NCOA4 overexpression reversed the protective effects of miR-124-3p mimic-exo in OGD/R-conditioned cells. NCOA4 was targeted and regulated by miR-124-3p. Conclusions M2-exosome protects HT22 cells against OGD/R-induced ferroptosis injury by transferring miR-124-3p and NCOA4 into HT22 cells, with the latter being a target gene for miR-124-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xie
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yun Mo
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Medical University, China
| | - Erli Yue
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Nan Shi
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Kangyong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201318, China
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Zhang L, Li D, Yi P, Shi J, Guo M, Yin Q, Liu D, Zhuang P, Zhang Y. Peripheral origin exosomal microRNAs aggravate glymphatic system dysfunction in diabetic cognitive impairment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:2817-2825. [PMID: 37521866 PMCID: PMC10372831 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is one of the common central nervous systems (CNS) complications of diabetes mellitus, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and results in a huge economic burden. The glymphatic system dysfunction mediated by aquaporin-4 (AQP4) loss or redistribution in perivascular astrocyte endfeet plays a crucial role in diabetes-induced cognitive impairment (DCI). However, the mechanism of AQP4 loss or redistribution in the diabetic states remains unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that peripheral insulin resistance target tissues and CNS communication affect brain homeostasis and that exosomal miRNAs are key mediators. Glucose and lipid metabolism disorder is an important pathological feature of diabetes mellitus, and skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue are the key target insulin resistance organs. In this review, the changes in exosomal miRNAs induced by peripheral metabolism disorders in diabetes mellitus were systematically reviewed. We focused on exosomal miRNAs that could induce low AQP4 expression and redistribution in perivascular astrocyte endfeet, which could provide an interorgan communication pathway to illustrate the pathogenesis of DCI. Furthermore, the mechanisms of exosome secretion from peripheral insulin resistance target tissue and absorption to the CNS were summarized, which will be beneficial for proposing novel and feasible strategies to optimize DCI prevention and/or treatment in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Dongna Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Pengrong Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiangwei Shi
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Mengqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qingsheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Dingbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Pengwei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300193, China
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Wyse BA, Salehi R, Russell SJ, Sangaralingam M, Jahangiri S, Tsang BK, Librach CL. Obesity and PCOS radically alters the snRNA composition of follicular fluid extracellular vesicles. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1205385. [PMID: 37404312 PMCID: PMC10315679 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1205385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ovarian follicle consists of the oocyte, somatic cells, and follicular fluid (FF). Proper signalling between these compartments is required for optimal folliculogenesis. The association between polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and extracellular vesicular small non-coding RNAs (snRNAs) signatures in follicular fluid (FF) and how this relates to adiposity is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether FF extracellular vesicle (FFEV)-derived snRNAs are differentially expressed (DE) between PCOS and non-PCOS subjects; and if these differences are vesicle-specific and/or adiposity-dependent. Methods FF and granulosa cells (GC) were collected from 35 patients matched by demographic and stimulation parameters. FFEVs were isolated and snRNA libraries were constructed, sequenced, and analyzed. Results miRNAs were the most abundant biotype present, with specific enrichment in exosomes (EX), whereas in GCs long non-coding RNAs were the most abundant biotype. In obese PCOS vs. lean PCOS, pathway analysis revealed target genes involved in cell survival and apoptosis, leukocyte differentiation and migration, JAK/STAT, and MAPK signalling. In obese PCOS FFEVs were selectively enriched (FFEVs vs. GCs) for miRNAs targeting p53 signalling, cell survival and apoptosis, FOXO, Hippo, TNF, and MAPK signalling. Discussion We provide comprehensive profiling of snRNAs in FFEVs and GCs of PCOS and non-PCOS patients, highlighting the effect of adiposity on these findings. We hypothesize that the selective packaging and release of miRNAs specifically targeting anti-apoptotic genes into the FF may be an attempt by the follicle to reduce the apoptotic pressure of the GCs and stave off premature apoptosis of the follicle observed in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A. Wyse
- Research Department, CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Reza Salehi
- Research Department, CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology & Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Sahar Jahangiri
- Research Department, CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- CReATe Biobank, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin K. Tsang
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology & Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Clifford L. Librach
- Research Department, CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- CReATe Biobank, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Biological Sciences, DAN Women & Babies Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Di Pace AL, Pelosi A, Fiore PF, Tumino N, Besi F, Quatrini L, Santopolo S, Vacca P, Moretta L. MicroRNA analysis of Natural Killer cell-derived exosomes: the microRNA let-7b-5p is enriched in exosomes and participates in their anti-tumor effects against pancreatic cancer cells. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2221081. [PMID: 37304055 PMCID: PMC10251800 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2221081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are important components of the immune system in the defense against tumor growth and metastasis. They release exosomes containing proteins and nucleic acids, including microRNAs (miRNAs). NK-derived exosomes play a role in the anti-tumor NK cell function since they are able to recognize and kill cancer cells. However, the involvement of exosomal miRNAs in the function of NK exosomes is poorly understood. In this study, we explored the miRNA content of NK exosomes by microarray as compared to their cellular counterparts. The expression of selected miRNAs and lytic potential of NK exosomes against childhood B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells after co-cultures with pancreatic cancer cells were also evaluated. We identified a small subset of miRNAs, including miR-16-5p, miR-342-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-92a-3p and let-7b-5p that is highly expressed in NK exosomes. Moreover, we provide evidence that NK exosomes efficiently increase let-7b-5p expression in pancreatic cancer cells and induce inhibition of cell proliferation by targeting the cell cycle regulator CDK6. Let-7b-5p transfer by NK exosomes could represent a novel mechanism by which NK cells counteract tumor growth. However, both cytolytic activity and miRNA content of NK exosomes were reduced upon co-culture with pancreatic cancer cells. Alteration in the miRNA cargo of NK exosomes, together with their reduced cytotoxic activity, could represent another strategy exerted by cancer to evade the immune response. Our study provides new information on the molecular mechanisms used by NK exosomes to exert anti-tumor-activity and offers new clues to integrate cancer treatments with NK exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Pelosi
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Tumino
- Immunology Research Area, Innate Lymphoid Cells Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Besi
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Linda Quatrini
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Santopolo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Immunology Research Area, Innate Lymphoid Cells Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Leo S, Tremoli E, Ferroni L, Zavan B. Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Secretome on Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1653. [PMID: 37371748 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with the inflamed and defective adipose tissue (AT) phenotype, and are established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived lipid membrane vesicles involved in the onset and development of many pathologies, including insulin resistance, diabetes, and CVDs. The inflammation associated with overweight and obesity triggers the transition of the AT secretome from healthy to pathological, with a consequent increased expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a specialized fat depot that surrounds the heart, in direct contact with the myocardium. Recently, the role of EAT in regulating the physiopathology of many heart diseases has been increasingly explored. In particular, the EAT phenotype and derived EVs have been associated with the onset and exacerbation of CVDs. In this review, we will focus on the role of the AT secretome in the case of CVDs, and will discuss the beneficial effects of EVs released by AT as promising therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Leo
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, 48033 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Monti P, Solazzo G, Accurti V, Gambitta B, Iodice S, Boito S, Cantone L, Manenti A, Dioni L, Montomoli E, Persico N, Bollati V. Pyroptosis: A Promising Mechanism Linking SARS-CoV-2 Infection to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119278. [PMID: 37298229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is characterized by a delicate immune balance; therefore, infectious diseases might increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Here, we hypothesize that pyroptosis, a unique cell death pathway mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome, could link SARS-CoV-2 infection, inflammation, and APOs. Two blood samples were collected from 231 pregnant women at 11-13 weeks of gestation and in the perinatal period. At each time point, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and neutralizing antibody titers were measured by ELISA and microneutralization (MN) assays, respectively. Plasmatic NLRP3 was determined by ELISA. Fourteen miRNAs selected for their role in inflammation and/or pregnancy were quantified by qPCR and further investigated by miRNA-gene target analysis. NLRP3 levels were positively associated with nine circulating miRNAs, of which miR-195-5p was increased only in MN+ women (p-value = 0.017). Pre-eclampsia was associated with a decrease in miR-106a-5p (p-value = 0.050). miR-106a-5p (p-value = 0.026) and miR-210-3p (p-value = 0.035) were increased in women with gestational diabetes. Women giving birth to small for gestational age babies had lower miR-106a-5p and miR-21-5p (p-values = 0.001 and 0.036, respectively), and higher miR-155-5p levels (p-value = 0.008). We also observed that neutralizing antibodies and NLRP3 concentrations could affect the association between APOs and miRNAs. Our findings suggest for the first time a possible link between COVID-19, NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis, inflammation, and APOs. Circulating miRNAs might be suitable candidates to gain a comprehensive view of this complex interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Monti
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Solazzo
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Accurti
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Service, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Bianca Gambitta
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Service, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Iodice
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Boito
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Service, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cantone
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Dioni
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- VisMederi Srl, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Persico
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Service, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- CRC, Center for Environmental Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- CRC, Center for Environmental Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Takeda M, Akamatsu S, Kita Y, Goto T, Kobayashi T. The Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in the Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Potential for Future Clinical Application. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13101611. [PMID: 37242027 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and is thought to originate from renal tubular epithelial cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer vesicles that are secreted into extracellular spaces by nearly all cell types, including cancer cells and non-cancerous cells. EVs are involved in multiple steps of RCC progression, such as local invasion, host immune modulation, drug resistance, and metastasis. Therefore, EVs secreted from RCC are attracting rapidly increasing attention from researchers. In this review, we highlight the mechanism by which RCC-derived EVs lead to disease progression as well as the potential and challenges related to the clinical implications of EV-based diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Takeda
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shusuke Akamatsu
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Kita
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takayuki Goto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Ding N, Yin Z, Chen C. Targeting non-coding RNAs in sEVs: The biological functions and potential therapeutic strategy of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114836. [PMID: 37156118 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is defined as abnormalities in myocardial structure and function in the setting of diabetes and in the absence of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, and valvular heart disease. DCM is one of the leading causes of mortality in patients with diabetes. However, the underlying pathogenesis of DCM has not been fully elucidated. Recent studies have revealed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are closely associated with DCM and may act as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Here, we introduced the role of sEV-ncRNAs in DCM, summarized the current therapeutic advancements and limitations of sEV-related ncRNAs against DCM, and discussed their potential improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ding
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhongwei Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Yu L, Sui B, Zhang X, Liu J, Hao X, Zheng L. miR-92a-1-5p enriched prostate cancer extracellular vesicles regulate osteoclast function via MAPK1 and FoxO1. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:109. [PMID: 37131239 PMCID: PMC10152631 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02685-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from osteoblastic, osteoclastic and mixed prostate cancer cells promote osteoclast differentiation and inhibit osteoblast differentiation via transferring miR-92a-1-5p. In the present study, we focused on engineering miR-92a-1-5p into EVs and determining any therapeutic roles and mechanisms of the engineered EVs. METHODS A stable prostate cancer cell line (MDA PCa 2b) overexpressing miR-92a-1-5p was constructed by lentivirus, and EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation. The overexpression of miR-92a-1-5p in both cells and EVs was tested using qPCR. Osteoclast function was evaluated by Trap staining, mRNA expression of osteoclastic markers ctsk and trap, immunolabeling of CTSK and TRAP and microCT using either in vitro and in vivo assays. Target gene of miR-92a-1-5p was proved by a dual-luciferase reporter assay system. siRNAs were designed and used for transient expression in order to determine the role of downstream genes on osteoclast differentiation. RESULTS Stable overexpression cells of miRNA-92a-5p was associated with EVs upregulating this microRNA, as confirmed by qPCR. Further, miR-92a-1-5p enriched EVs promote osteoclast differentiation in vitro by reducing MAPK1 and FoxO1 expression, associated with increased osteoclast function as shown by TRAP staining and mRNA expression of osteoclast functional genes. siRNA targeting MAPK1 or FoxO1 resulted in similar increase in osteoclast function. In vivo, the miR-92a-1-5p enriched EVs given via i.v. injection promote osteolysis, which was associated with reduction of MAPK1 and FoxO1 expression in bone marrow. CONCLUSION These experiments suggest that miR-92a-1-5p enriched EVs regulate osteoclast function via reduction of MAPK1 and FoxO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), , Xi'an, 710032, China.
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 410530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Bingdong Sui
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiayun Liu
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), , Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoke Hao
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), , Xi'an, 710032, China.
- College of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Thompson W, Papoutsakis ET. The role of biomechanical stress in extracellular vesicle formation, composition and activity. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108158. [PMID: 37105240 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cornerstones of intercellular communication with exciting fundamental, clinical, and more broadly biotechnological applications. However, variability in EV composition, which results from the culture conditions used to generate the EVs, poses significant fundamental and applied challenges and a hurdle for scalable bioprocessing. Thus, an understanding of the relationship between EV production (and for clinical applications, manufacturing) and EV composition is increasingly recognized as important and necessary. While chemical stimulation and culture conditions such as cell density are known to influence EV biology, the impact of biomechanical forces on the generation, properties, and biological activity of EVs remains poorly understood. Given the omnipresence of these forces in EV preparation and in biomanufacturing, expanding the understanding of their impact on EV composition-and thus, activity-is vital. Although several publications have examined EV preparation and bioprocessing and briefly discussed biomechanical stresses as variables of interest, this review represents the first comprehensive evaluation of the impact of such stresses on EV production, composition and biological activity. We review how EV biogenesis, cargo, efficacy, and uptake are uniquely affected by various types, magnitudes, and durations of biomechanical forces, identifying trends that emerge both generically and for individual cell types. We also describe implications for scalable bioprocessing, evaluating processes inherent in common EV production and isolation methods, and propose a path forward for rigorous EV quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will Thompson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Eleftherios Terry Papoutsakis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE 19713, USA.
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Oshchepkova A, Zenkova M, Vlassov V. Extracellular Vesicles for Therapeutic Nucleic Acid Delivery: Loading Strategies and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087287. [PMID: 37108446 PMCID: PMC10139028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane vesicles released into the extracellular milieu by cells of various origins. They contain different biological cargoes, protecting them from degradation by environmental factors. There is an opinion that EVs have a number of advantages over synthetic carriers, creating new opportunities for drug delivery. In this review, we discuss the ability of EVs to function as carriers for therapeutic nucleic acids (tNAs), challenges associated with the use of such carriers in vivo, and various strategies for tNA loading into EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Oshchepkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentin Vlassov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Yu B, Li H, Zhang Z, Chen P, Wang L, Fan X, Ning X, Pan Y, Zhou F, Hu X, Chang J, Ou C. Extracellular vesicles engineering by silicates-activated endothelial progenitor cells for myocardial infarction treatment in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2094. [PMID: 37055411 PMCID: PMC10102163 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37832-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have shown good potential in disease treatments including ischemic injury such as myocardial infarction. However, the efficient production of highly active extracellular vesicles is one of the critical limitations for their clinical applications. Here, we demonstrate a biomaterial-based approach to prepare high amounts of extracellular vesicles with high bioactivity from endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by stimulation with silicate ions derived from bioactive silicate ceramics. We further show that hydrogel microspheres containing engineered extracellular vesicles are highly effective in the treatment of myocardial infarction in male mice by significantly enhancing angiogenesis. This therapeutic effect is attributed to significantly enhanced revascularization by the high content of miR-126a-3p and angiogenic factors such as VEGF and SDF-1, CXCR4 and eNOS in engineered extracellular vesicles, which not only activate endothelial cells but also recruit EPCs from the circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hekai Li
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaowenbin Zhang
- Wenzhou Institute, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 325000, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Super fine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peier Chen
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglin Fan
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Ning
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Pan
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feiran Zhou
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China.
- Wenzhou Institute, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Super fine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Caiwen Ou
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
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Peppercorn K, Kleffmann T, Hughes SM, Tate WP. Secreted Amyloid Precursor Protein Alpha (sAPPα) Regulates the Cellular Proteome and Secretome of Mouse Primary Astrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087165. [PMID: 37108327 PMCID: PMC10138557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted amyloid precursor protein alpha (sAPPα), processed from a parent mammalian brain protein, amyloid precursor protein, can modulate learning and memory. Recently it has been shown to modulate the transcriptome and proteome of human neurons, including proteins with neurological functions. Here, we analysed whether the acute administration of sAPPα facilitated changes in the proteome and secretome of mouse primary astrocytes in culture. Astrocytes contribute to the neuronal processes of neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Cortical mouse astrocytes in culture were exposed to 1 nM sAPPα, and changes in both the whole-cell proteome (2 h) and the secretome (6 h) were identified with Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Spectra-Mass Spectrometry (SWATH-MS). Differentially regulated proteins were identified in both the cellular proteome and secretome that are involved with neurologically related functions of the normal physiology of the brain and central nervous system. Groups of proteins have a relationship to APP and have roles in the modulation of cell morphology, vesicle dynamics and the myelin sheath. Some are related to pathways containing proteins whose genes have been previously implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The secretome is also enriched in proteins related to Insulin Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) signaling and the extracellular matrix (ECM). There is the promise that a more specific investigation of these proteins will help to understand the mechanisms of how sAPPα signaling affects memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Peppercorn
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Torsten Kleffmann
- Research Infrastructure Centre, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie M Hughes
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Genetics Otago, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Warren P Tate
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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71
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Mendivil-Alvarado H, Limon-Miro AT, Carvajal-Millan E, Lizardi-Mendoza J, Mercado-Lara A, Coronado-Alvarado CD, Rascón-Durán ML, Anduro-Corona I, Talamás-Lara D, Rascón-Careaga A, Astiazarán-García H. Extracellular Vesicles and Their Zeta Potential as Future Markers Associated with Nutrition and Molecular Biomarkers in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076810. [PMID: 37047783 PMCID: PMC10094966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A nutritional intervention promotes the loss of body and visceral fat while maintaining muscle mass in breast cancer patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their characteristics can be potential biomarkers of disease. Here, we explore the changes in the Zeta potential of EVs; the content of miRNA-30, miRNA-145, and miRNA-155; and their association with body composition and biomarkers of metabolic risk in breast cancer patients, before and 6 months after a nutritional intervention. Clinicopathological data (HER2neu, estrogen receptor, and Ki67), anthropometric and body composition data, and plasma samples were available from a previous study. Plasma EVs were isolated and characterized in 16 patients. The expression of miRNA-30, miRNA-145, and miRNA-155 was analyzed. The Zeta potential was associated with HER2neu (β = 2.1; p = 0.00), Ki67 (β = -1.39; p = 0.007), estrogen positive (β = 1.57; p = 0.01), weight (β = -0.09; p = 0.00), and visceral fat (β = 0.004; p = 0.00). miRNA-30 was associated with LDL (β = -0.012; p = 0.01) and HDL (β = -0.02; p = 0.05). miRNA-155 was associated with visceral fat (β = -0.0007; p = 0.05) and Ki67 (β = -0.47; p = 0.04). Our results reveal significant associations between the expression of miRNA-30 and miRNA-155 and the Zeta potential of the EVs with biomarkers of metabolic risk and disease prognosis in women with breast cancer; particularly, the Zeta potential of EVs can be a new biomarker sensitive to changes in the nutritional status and breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Teresa Limon-Miro
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Araceli Mercado-Lara
- Undersecretariat of Prevention and Health Promotion, Secretary of Health of the Government of Mexico, Mexico City 11570, Mexico
| | | | - María L Rascón-Durán
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Iván Anduro-Corona
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Daniel Talamás-Lara
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, IPN, Mexico City 14330, Mexico
| | - Antonio Rascón-Careaga
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Humberto Astiazarán-García
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Food and Development, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
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72
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Sun Y, Sun F, Xu W, Qian H. Engineered Extracellular Vesicles as a Targeted Delivery Platform for Precision Therapy. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:157-175. [PMID: 36637750 PMCID: PMC10070595 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs)-based cell-free strategy has shown therapeutic potential in tissue regeneration. Due to their important roles in intercellular communications and their natural ability to shield cargos from degradation, EVs are also emerged as novel delivery vehicles for various bioactive molecules and drugs. Accumulating studies have revealed that EVs can be modified to enhance their efficacy and specificity for the treatment of many diseases. Engineered EVs are poised as the next generation of targeted delivery platform in the field of precision therapy. In this review, the unique properties of EVs are overviewed in terms of their biogenesis, contents, surface features and biological functions, and the recent advances in the strategies of engineered EVs construction are summarized. Additionally, we also discuss the potential applications of engineered EVs in targeted therapy of cancer and damaged tissues, and evaluate the opportunities and challenges for translating them into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntong Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengtian Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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73
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Zhu Y, Yang K, Cheng Y, Liu Y, Gu R, Liu X, Liu H, Zhang X, Liu Y. Apoptotic Vesicles Regulate Bone Metabolism via the miR1324/SNX14/SMAD1/5 Signaling Axis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205813. [PMID: 36670083 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in the treatment of diseases. After their in vivo application, MSCs undergo apoptosis and release apoptotic vesicles (apoVs). This study investigates the role of apoVs derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) in bone metabolism and the molecular mechanism of the observed effects. The results show that apoVs can promote osteogenesis and inhibit osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo. ApoVs may therefore attenuate the bone loss caused by primary and secondary osteoporosis and stimulate bone regeneration in areas of bone defect. The mechanisms responsible for apoV-induced bone regeneration include the release of miR1324, which inhibit expression of the target gene Sorting Nexin 14 (SNX14) and thus activate the SMAD1/5 pathway in target cells. Given that MSC-derived apoVs are easily obtained and stored, with low risks of immunological rejection and neoplastic transformation, The findings suggest a novel therapeutic strategy to treat bone loss, including via cell-free approaches to bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology, National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kunkun Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yawen Cheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yaoshan Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ranli Gu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hao Liu
- The Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology, National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology, National Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
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Sinha N, Puri V, Kumar V, Nada R, Rastogi A, Jha V, Puri S. Urinary exosomal miRNA-663a shows variable expression in diabetic kidney disease patients with or without proteinuria. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4516. [PMID: 36934129 PMCID: PMC10024703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity in the Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) diagnosis makes its rational therapeutics challenging. Although albuminuria characterizes DKD, reports also indicate its prevalence among non-proteinuric. Recent understanding of disease progression has thus inclined the focus on proximal tubular cell damage besides the glomeruli. A non-invasive approach exploiting exosomal miRNA derived from human kidney proximal tubular cell line was, hence, targeted. Upon miRNA profiling, three miRNAs, namely, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-28-3p, and hsa-miR-425-5p were found to be significantly upregulated, while hsa-miR-663a was downregulated under diabetic conditions. Among these, hsa-miR-663a downregulation was more pronounced in non-proteinuric than proteinuric DKD subjects and was thus selected for the bioinformatics study. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) narrowed on to IL-8 signaling and inflammatory response as the most enriched 'canonical pathway' and 'disease pathway' respectively, during DKD. Further, the putative gene network generated from these enriched pathways revealed experimentally induced diabetes, renal tubular injury, and decreased levels of albumin as part of mapping under 'disease and function'. Genes target predictions and annotations by IPA reiterated miR-663a's role in the pathogenesis of DKD following tubular injury. Overall, the observations might offer an indirect reflection of the underlying mechanism between patients who develop proteinuria and non-proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Sinha
- Centre for Stem Cell Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Excellence, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Nephrology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Veena Puri
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Nephrology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritambhra Nada
- Department of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashu Rastogi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivekanand Jha
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sanjeev Puri
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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75
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Park S, Kim M, Park M, Jin Y, Lee SJ, Lee H. Specific upregulation of extracellular miR-6238 in particulate matter-induced acute lung injury and its immunomodulation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130466. [PMID: 36455323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are life-threatening diseases characterized by a severe inflammatory response and the destruction of alveolar epithelium and endothelium. ALI/ARDS is caused by pathogens and toxic environmental stimuli, such as particulate matter (PM). However, the general symptoms of ALI/ARDS are similar, and determining the cause of lung injury is often challenging. In this study, we investigated whether there is a critical miRNA that characterizes PM-induced ALI. We found that the expression of miR-6238 is specifically upregulated in lung tissue and lung-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in response to PM exposure. Notably, bacterial endotoxin (Lipopolysaccharide; LPS or peptidoglycan; PTG) does not induce the expression of miR-6238 in the lung. Instead, the expression of miR-155 is dramatically increased in LPS-induced ALI. We further demonstrated that human lung epithelial cells and macrophages predominantly produce miR-6238 and miR-155, respectively. Mechanistically, EV-miR-6238 is effectively internalized into alveolar macrophages (AMs) and regulates inflammatory responses in vivo. CXCL3 is a main target of miR-6238 in AMs and modulates neutrophil infiltration into the lung alveoli. Collectively, our findings suggest that miR-6238 is a novel regulator of pulmonary inflammation and a putative biomarker that distinguishes PM-induced ALI from endotoxin (LPS/PTG)-mediated ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeong Park
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, South Korea
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, South Korea
| | - Minkyung Park
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, South Korea; Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Yang Jin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Seon-Jin Lee
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, South Korea; Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
| | - Heedoo Lee
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, South Korea.
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76
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Therapeutic role of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in rats with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Regen Ther 2023; 22:210-223. [PMID: 36926469 PMCID: PMC10011058 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is an underestimated sleep disorder that leads to multiple organ damages, including lung injury (LI). This paper sought to analyze the molecular mechanism of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) in OSAHS-induced lung injury (LI) via the miR-22-3p/histone lysine demethylase 6 B (KDM6B)/high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) axis. Methods ADSCs and ADSCs-EVs were separated and characterized. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) was used to mimic OSAHS-LI, followed by ADSCs-EVs treatment and hematoxylin and eosin staining, TUNEL, ELISA, and assays of inflammation and oxidative stress (MPO/ROS/MDA/SOD). The CIH cell model was established and treated with ADSCs-EVs. Cell injury was assessed by the assays of MTT, TUNEL, ELISA, and others. Levels of miR-22-3p, KDM6B, histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), and HMGA2 were determine by RT-qPCR or Western blot analysis. The transfer of miR-22-3p by ADSCs-EVs was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Gene interactions were analyzed by dual-luciferase assay or chromatin immunoprecipitation. Results ADSCs-EVs effectively alleviated OSAHS-LI by reducing lung tissue injury, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. In vitro, ADSCs-EVs increased cell viability and reduced apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. ADSCs-EVs delivered enveloped miR-22-3p into pneumonocytes to upregulate miR-22-3p expression, inhibit KDM6B expression, increase H3K27me3 levels on the HMGA2 promoter, and decrease HMGA2 mRNA levels. Overexpression of KDM6B or HMGA2 attenuated the protective role of ADSCs-EVs in OSAHS-LI. Conclusion ADSCs-EVs transferred miR-22-3p to pneumonocytes and reduced apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress through KDM6B/HMGA2, mitigating OSAHS-LI progression.
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Xie Z, Tang J, Chen Z, Wei L, Chen J, Liu Q. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduce inflammation and pyroptosis in acute kidney injury via miR-223-3p/HDAC2/SNRK. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:553-576. [PMID: 36640195 PMCID: PMC9840168 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been demonstrated as a potential therapeutic agent in acute kidney injury (AKI). However, little is known about the mechanisms of action of BMSC-derived EVs in AKI. Based on this, our research was designed to investigate the mechanism behind BMSC-derived EVs controlling inflammation and pyroptosis during AKI. METHODS Peripheral blood from AKI patients was used for detection of microRNA (miR)-223-3p, HDAC2, and SNRK expression. An AKI rat model was established, and HK-2 cell injury was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish a cellular model. Co-culture with BMSC-derived EVs and/or gain- and loss-of-function assays were conducted in LPS-treated HK-2 to evaluate the functions of BMSCs-EVs, miR-223-3p, HDAC2, and SNRK. AKI rats were simultaneously injected with EVs and short hairpin RNAs targeting SNRK. The interactions among miR-223-3p, HDAC2, and SNRK were evaluated by RIP, ChIP, and dual-luciferase gene reporter assays. RESULTS Patients with AKI had low miR-223-3p and SNRK expression and high HDAC2 expression in peripheral blood. Mechanistically, miR-223-3p targeted HDAC2 to accelerate SNRK transcription. In LPS-treated HK-2 cells, BMSCs-EVs overexpressing miR-223-3p increased cell viability and diminished cell apoptosis, KIM-1, LDH, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, and IL-18 expression, and GSDMD cleavage, which was nullified by HDAC2 overexpression or SNRK silencing. In AKI rats, BMSCs-EV-shuttled miR-223-3p reduced CRE and BUN levels, apoptosis, inflammation, and pyroptosis, which was abrogated by SNRK silencing. CONCLUSION Conclusively, BMSC-derived EV-encapsulated miR-223-3p mitigated AKI-induced inflammation and pyroptosis by targeting HDAC2 and promoting SNRK transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanji Wei
- Health Management Center, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Province Mawangdui Hospital, Changsha, 410016, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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78
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Mathew B, Acha LG, Torres LA, Huang CC, Liu A, Kalinin S, Leung K, Dai Y, Feinstein DL, Ravindran S, Roth S. MicroRNA-based engineering of mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles for treatment of retinal ischemic disorders: Engineered extracellular vesiclesand retinal ischemia. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:782-797. [PMID: 36638942 PMCID: PMC10005109 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging therapeutic tools. Hypoxic pre-conditioning (HPC) of MSCs altered the production of microRNAs (miRNAs) in EVs, and enhanced the cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties of their derivative EVs in retinal cells. EV miRNAs were identified as the primary contributors of these EV functions. Through miRNA seq analyses, miRNA-424 was identified as a candidate for the retina to overexpress in EVs for enhancing cytoprotection and anti-inflammatory effects. FEEs (functionally engineered EVs) overexpressing miR424 (FEE424) significantly enhanced neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro in retinal cells. FEE424 functioned by reducing inflammatory cytokine production in retinal microglia, and attenuating oxygen free radicals in retinal Muller cells and microvascular endothelial cells, providing a multi-pronged approach to enhancing recovery after retinal ischemic insult. In an in vivo model of retinal ischemia, native, HPC, and FEE424 MSC EVs robustly and similarly restored function to close to baseline, and prevented loss of retinal ganglion cells, but HPC EVs provided the most effective attenuation of apoptosis-related and inflammatory cytokine gene expression. These results indicate the potential for EV engineering to produce ameliorative effects for retinal diseases with a significant inflammatory component. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We show that functionally engineered extracellular vesicles (FEEs) from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide cytoprotection in rat retina subjected to ischemia. FEEs overexpressing microRNA 424 (FEE424) function by reducing inflammatory cytokine production in retinal microglia, and attenuating oxygen free radicals in Muller cells and microvascular endothelial cells, providing a multi-pronged approach to enhancing recovery. In an in vivo model of retinal ischemia in rats, native, hypoxic-preconditioned (HPC), and FEE424 MSC EVs robustly and similarly restored function, and prevented loss of retinal ganglion cells, but HPC EVs provided the most effective attenuation of apoptosis-related and inflammatory cytokine gene expression. The results indicate the potential for EV engineering to produce ameliorative effects for retinal diseases with a significant inflammatory component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biji Mathew
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Lorea Gamboa Acha
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Leianne A Torres
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Chun-Chieh Huang
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Alice Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Sergey Kalinin
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Kasey Leung
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Illinois-Chicago
| | - Douglas L Feinstein
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs, Chicago, IL
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois-Chicago.
| | - Steven Roth
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago.
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Fan W, Pang H, Li X, Xie Z, Huang G, Zhou Z. Plasma-derived exosomal miRNAs as potentially novel biomarkers for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 197:110570. [PMID: 36746199 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To characterize the exosomal miRNA profiles of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and evaluate the biomarker potential of selected miRNAs to distinguish LADA from type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Plasma-derived exosomal miRNA expression profiles were measured in patients with LADA (N = 5) and control subjects (N = 5). Five differentially expressed miRNAs were selected to validate their expression levels and assess their diagnostic potential by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in a larger cohort. RESULTS Seventy-five differentially expressed plasma-derived exosomal miRNAs were identified in LADA patients compared to healthy subjects. The expression levels of three exosomal miRNAs (hsa-miR-146a-5p, hsa-miR-223-3p and hsa-miR-21-5p) were significantly different between the LADA group and the T2D group. The three miRNAs exhibited areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.978, 0.96 and 0.809, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovers the miRNA profiles of plasma-derived exosomes from LADA patients and identifies exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers to discriminate LADA from T2D for the first time. Our data demonstrate the function of exosomal miRNAs in the development of LADA and contribute to an in-depth understanding of the precise mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of LADA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Fan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haipeng Pang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiguo Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gan Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Li M, Li L, Zheng J, Li Z, Li S, Wang K, Chen X. Liquid biopsy at the frontier in renal cell carcinoma: recent analysis of techniques and clinical application. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:37. [PMID: 36810071 PMCID: PMC9942319 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a major pathological type of kidney cancer and is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The unremarkable symptoms of early stages, proneness to postoperative metastasis or recurrence, and low sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy pose a challenge for the diagnosis and treatment of RCC. Liquid biopsy is an emerging test that measures patient biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNA/cell-free tumor DNA, cell-free RNA, exosomes, and tumor-derived metabolites and proteins. Owing to its non-invasiveness, liquid biopsy enables continuous and real-time collection of patient information for diagnosis, prognostic assessment, treatment monitoring, and response evaluation. Therefore, the selection of appropriate biomarkers for liquid biopsy is crucial for identifying high-risk patients, developing personalized therapeutic plans, and practicing precision medicine. In recent years, owing to the rapid development and iteration of extraction and analysis technologies, liquid biopsy has emerged as a low cost, high efficiency, and high accuracy clinical detection method. Here, we comprehensively review liquid biopsy components and their clinical applications over the past 5 years. Additionally, we discuss its limitations and predict its future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Li
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Liaoning Shenyang, 110004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Liaoning Shenyang, 110004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyi Zheng
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Liaoning Shenyang, 110004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Li
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Liaoning Shenyang, 110004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Liaoning, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Liaoning, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Liaoning, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Wang L, Chen X, Meng F, Huang T, Wang S, Zheng Z, Zheng G, Li W, Zhang J, Liu Y. α2,6-Sialylation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cells migration and invasion via enhancement of nSmase2-mediated exosomal miRNA sorting. J Physiol Biochem 2023; 79:19-34. [PMID: 35984620 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00917-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes have a critical role in the intercellular communication and metastatic progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, our group showed that α2, 6-sialylation played an important role in the proliferation- and migration-promoting effects of cancer-derived exosomes. However, the molecular basis remains elusive. In this study, the mechanism of α2, 6-sialylation-mediated specific microRNAs (miRNA) sorting into exosomes was illustrated. We performed miRNA profiling analysis to compare exosomes from HCC cell lines that differ only in α2, 6-sialylation status. A total of 388 differentially distributed miRNAs were identified in wild-type and β-galactoside α2, 6-sialyltransferase I (ST6Gal-I) knockdown MHCC-97H cells-derived exosomes. Neutral sphingomyelinase-2 (nSmase2), an important regulator mediating the sorting of exosomal miRNAs, was found to be a target of ST6Gal-I. The reduction of α2, 6-sialylation could impair the activity of nSmase2, as well as the nSmase2-dependent exosomal miRNAs sorting. This α2,6-sialylation-dependent sorting exerted an augmentation of motility on recipient HCC cells. Our data further demonstrated that α2,6-sialylation-mediated sorting of exosomal miR-100-5p promoted the migration and invasion of recipient HepG2 cells via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The cellular metastasis-related gene CLDN11 was confirmed as a direct target of exosomal miR-100-5p, which elevated the mobility of recipient HCC cells. In conclusion, our results showed that α2,6-sialylation modulates nSmase2-dependent exosomal miRNAs sorting and promotes HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 122406, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 122406, China
| | - Fanxu Meng
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 122406, China
| | - Tianmiao Huang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 122406, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhichao Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute), Liaoning, China
| | - Guoliang Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University (Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute), Liaoning, China
| | - Wenli Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 122406, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 122406, China.
| | - Yubo Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 122406, China.
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Stejskal P, Goodarzi H, Srovnal J, Hajdúch M, van ’t Veer LJ, Magbanua MJM. Circulating tumor nucleic acids: biology, release mechanisms, and clinical relevance. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:15. [PMID: 36681803 PMCID: PMC9862574 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01710-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in early detection and therapies, cancer is still one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Since each tumor is unique, there is a need to implement personalized care and develop robust tools for monitoring treatment response to assess drug efficacy and prevent disease relapse. MAIN BODY Recent developments in liquid biopsies have enabled real-time noninvasive monitoring of tumor burden through the detection of molecules shed by tumors in the blood. These molecules include circulating tumor nucleic acids (ctNAs), comprising cell-free DNA or RNA molecules passively and/or actively released from tumor cells. Often highlighted for their diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic potential, these biomarkers possess valuable information about tumor characteristics and evolution. While circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been in the spotlight for the last decade, less is known about circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA). There are unanswered questions about why some tumors shed high amounts of ctNAs while others have undetectable levels. Also, there are gaps in our understanding of associations between tumor evolution and ctNA characteristics and shedding kinetics. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about ctNA biology and release mechanisms and put this information into the context of tumor evolution and clinical utility. CONCLUSIONS A deeper understanding of the biology of ctDNA and ctRNA may inform the use of liquid biopsies in personalized medicine to improve cancer patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Stejskal
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, 779 00 Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Josef Srovnal
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, 779 00 Czech Republic
| | - Marián Hajdúch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, 779 00 Czech Republic
| | - Laura J. van ’t Veer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Mark Jesus M. Magbanua
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, San Francisco, CA USA
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83
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Jain G, Das P, Ranjan P, Neha, Valderrama F, Cieza-Borrella C. Urinary extracellular vesicles miRNA-A new era of prostate cancer biomarkers. Front Genet 2023; 14:1065757. [PMID: 36741322 PMCID: PMC9895092 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1065757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer worldwide showing the highest rates of incidence in Western Europe. Although the measurement of serum prostate-specific antigen levels is the current gold standard in PCa diagnosis, PSA-based screening is not considered a reliable diagnosis and prognosis tool due to its lower sensitivity and poor predictive score which lead to a 22%-43% overdiagnosis, unnecessary biopsies, and over-treatment. These major limitations along with the heterogeneous nature of the disease have made PCa a very unappreciative subject for diagnostics, resulting in poor patient management; thus, it urges to identify and validate new reliable PCa biomarkers that can provide accurate information in regard to disease diagnosis and prognosis. Researchers have explored the analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs), messenger RNAs (mRNAs), small proteins, genomic rearrangements, and gene expression in body fluids and non-solid tissues in search of lesser invasive yet efficient PCa biomarkers. Although the presence of miRNAs in body fluids like blood, urine, and saliva initially sparked great interest among the scientific community; their potential use as liquid biopsy biomarkers in PCa is still at a very nascent stage with respect to other well-established diagnostics and prognosis tools. Up to date, numerous studies have been conducted in search of PCa miRNA-based biomarkers in whole blood or blood serum; however, only a few studies have investigated their presence in urine samples of which less than two tens involve the detection of miRNAs in extracellular vesicles isolated from urine. In addition, there exists some discrepancy around the identification of miRNAs in PCa urine samples due to the diversity of the urine fractions that can be targeted for analysis such as urine circulating cells, cell-free fractions, and exosomes. In this review, we aim to discuss research output from the most recent studies involving the analysis of urinary EVs for the identification of miRNA-based PCa-specific biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Jain
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India,*Correspondence: Garima Jain, ; Clara Cieza-Borrella,
| | - Parimal Das
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Prashant Ranjan
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Neha
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ferran Valderrama
- Centre for Biomedical Education, Cell Biology and Genetics Research Centre, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clara Cieza-Borrella
- Centre for Biomedical Education, Cell Biology and Genetics Research Centre, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Garima Jain, ; Clara Cieza-Borrella,
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Xu J, Lin Y, Tian M, Li X, Yin Y, Li Q, Li Z, Zhou J, Jiang X, Li Y, Chen S. Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Enhance Tension-Induced Osteogenesis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:388-398. [PMID: 36538768 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tension-induced osteogenesis has great significance in maintaining bone homeostasis and ensuring the efficiency and stability of orthodontic treatment. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown great potential in regulating bone remodeling. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC)-derived EVs on tension-induced osteogenesis and the potential mechanism. PDLSC-derived EVs were extracted by ultracentrifugation. In vitro, PDLSC-derived EVs of 10 μg/mL significantly improved the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts under a tensile strain of 2000 uε. Next, a mouse model of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) was established and treated with subperiosteal injection of PDLSC-derived EVs (1 mg/kg) on the tension side. The results showed that treatment with PDLSC-derived EVs effectively enhanced OTM and promoted osteogenesis on the tension side, including increasing trabecular bone parameters and promoting the expression of osteogenic-related biomarkers (OCN and OPN). More interestingly, we identified several mechano-sensitive miRNAs enriched in PDLSC-derived EVs by high-throughput miRNA sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that they were related to various osteogenesis-related signaling pathways. Therefore, PDLSC-derived EVs could improve the efficiency of OTM by enhancing tension-induced osteogenesis of osteoblasts. Our study may provide potential evidence for the promoting effects of PDLSC-derived EVs on osteogenesis and offer new insights into the development of treatment strategies for enhancing osteogenesis in orthodontic treatment and other metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Qiming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ziyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jialiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaoge Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yulin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Extracellular Vesicles and Viruses: Two Intertwined Entities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021036. [PMID: 36674550 PMCID: PMC9861478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses share many attributes in common with extracellular vesicles (EVs). The cellular machinery that is used for EV production, packaging of substrates and secretion is also commonly manipulated by viruses for replication, assembly and egress. Viruses can increase EV production or manipulate EVs to spread their own genetic material or proteins, while EVs can play a key role in regulating viral infections by transporting immunomodulatory molecules and viral antigens to initiate antiviral immune responses. Ultimately, the interactions between EVs and viruses are highly interconnected, which has led to interesting discoveries in their associated roles in the progression of different diseases, as well as the new promise of combinational therapeutics. In this review, we summarize the relationships between viruses and EVs and discuss major developments from the past five years in the engineering of virus-EV therapies.
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86
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Rao DY, Huang DF, Si MY, Lu H, Tang ZX, Zhang ZX. Role of exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer and EGFR-mutated lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1142539. [PMID: 37122754 PMCID: PMC10130367 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1142539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important mediator of information transfer between cells, exosomes play a unique role in regulating tumor growth, supporting vascular proliferation, tumor invasion, and metastasis. Exosomes are widely present in various body fluids, and therefore they can be used as a potential tool for non-invasive liquid biopsy. The present study reviews the role of exosomes in liquid biopsy, tumor microenvironment formation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). By targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy as a first-line treatment for patients with NSCLC, this study also briefly describes the occurrence of EGRF+ exosomes and the role of exosomes and their contents in non-invasive detection and potential therapeutic targets in EGFR-mutated lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Yu Rao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - De-Fa Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mao-Yan Si
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hua Lu
- The First Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Xian Tang, ; Zu-Xiong Zhang,
| | - Zu-Xiong Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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87
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Liu D, Chen H, Fu Y, Yao Y, He S, Wang Y, Cao Z, Wang X, Yang M, Zhao Q. KCa3.1 Promotes Proinflammatory Exosome Secretion by Activating AKT/Rab27a in Atrial Myocytes during Rapid Pacing. Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 2023:3939360. [PMID: 37035755 PMCID: PMC10079387 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3939360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the medium-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (KCNN4, KCa3.1) in the secretion of proinflammatory exosomes by atrial myocytes. Methods Eighteen beagles were randomly divided into the sham group (n = 6), pacing group (n = 6), and pacing+TRAM-34 group (n = 6). Electrophysiological data, such as the effective refractory period, atrial fibrillation (AF) induction, and AF duration, were collected by programmed stimulation. Atrial tissues were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunofluorescence staining. The expression of KCa3.1 and Rab27a was assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The downstream signaling pathways involved in KCa3.1 were examined by rapid pacing or overexpressing KCNN4 in HL-1 cells. Results Atrial rapid pacing significantly induced electrical remodeling, inflammation, fibrosis, and exosome secretion in the canine atrium, while TRAM-34 (KCa3.1 blocker) inhibited these changes. Compared with those in control HL-1 cells, the levels of exosome markers and inflammatory factors were increased in pacing HL-1 cells. Furthermore, the levels of CD68 and iNOS in macrophages incubated with exosomes derived from HL-1 cells were higher in the pacing-exo group than in the control group. More importantly, KCa3.1 regulated exosome secretion through the AKT/Rab27a signaling pathway. Similarly, inhibiting the downstream signaling pathway of KCa3.1 significantly inhibited exosome secretion. Conclusions KCa3.1 promotes proinflammatory exosome secretion through the AKT/Rab27a signaling pathway. Inhibiting the KCa3.1/AKT/Rab27a signaling pathway reduces myocardial tissue structural remodeling in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dishiwen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Huiyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yuntao Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yajun Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Shanqing He
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Youcheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qingyan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
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Rybarczyk A, Lehmann T, Iwańczyk-Skalska E, Juzwa W, Pławski A, Kopciuch K, Blazewicz J, Jagodziński PP. In silico and in vitro analysis of the impact of single substitutions within EXO-motifs on Hsa-MiR-1246 intercellular transfer in breast cancer cell. J Appl Genet 2023; 64:105-124. [PMID: 36394782 PMCID: PMC9837009 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00730-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MiR-1246 has recently gained much attention and many studies have shown its oncogenic role in colorectal, breast, lung, and ovarian cancers. However, miR-1246 processing, stability, and mechanisms directing miR-1246 into neighbor cells remain still unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of single-nucleotide substitutions within short exosome sorting motifs - so-called EXO-motifs: GGAG and GCAG present in miR-1246 sequence on its intracellular stability and extracellular transfer. We applied in silico methods such as 2D and 3D structure analysis and modeling of protein interactions. We also performed in vitro validation through the transfection of fluorescently labeled miRNA to MDA-MB-231 cells, which we analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. Our results suggest that nucleotides alterations that disturbed miR-1246 EXO-motifs were able to modulate miRNA-1246 stability and its transfer level to the neighboring cells, suggesting that the molecular mechanism of RNA stability and intercellular transfer can be closely related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Rybarczyk
- Institute of Computing Science, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 2, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Lehmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Fredry 10, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Iwańczyk-Skalska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Fredry 10, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Juzwa
- Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pławski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kamil Kopciuch
- Institute of Computing Science, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 2, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Blazewicz
- Institute of Computing Science, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 2, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł P. Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Fredry 10, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
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Zhao YY, Wu ZJ, Zhu LJ, Niu TX, Liu B, Li J. Emerging roles of miRNAs in neuropathic pain: From new findings to novel mechanisms. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1110975. [PMID: 36873108 PMCID: PMC9981676 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1110975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain, which results from damage to the somatosensory nervous system, is a global clinical condition that affects many people. Neuropathic pain imposes significant economic and public health burdens and is often difficult to manage because the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. However, mounting evidence indicates a role for neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation in pain pattern development. There is increasing evidence that the activation of neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation in the nervous system contribute to neuropathic pain. Altered miRNA expression profiles might be involved in the pathogenesis of both inflammatory and neuropathic pain by regulating neuroinflammation, nerve regeneration, and abnormal ion channel expression. However, the lack of knowledge about miRNA target genes prevents a full understanding of the biological functions of miRNAs. At the same time, an extensive study on exosomal miRNA, a newly discovered role, has advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain in recent years. This section provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of miRNA research and discusses the potential mechanisms of miRNAs in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zi-Jun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong-Xiang Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Center for Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China
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Exosomal miRNA Profiling in Vitreous Humor in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010123. [PMID: 36611916 PMCID: PMC9818905 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs which mediate some of the pathological mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in the vitreal exosomes of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients and non-diabetic controls. Exosomes were extracted from the vitreous samples of 10 PDR patients and 10 controls. The expression of 372 miRNAs was determined using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) panel. We have demonstrated a significant dysregulation in 26 miRNAs. The most remarkable findings include a profound attenuation of the miR-125 family, as well as enhanced miR-21-5p expression in the diabetic samples. We also showed the downregulation of miR-204-5p and the upregulation of let-7g in PDR compared to the controls. This study identified miR-125 and miR-21 as potential targets for further functional analysis regarding their putative role in the pathogenesis of PDR.
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91
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Preeclampsia and syncytiotrophoblast membrane extracellular vesicles (STB-EVs). Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1793-1807. [PMID: 36511102 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive complication of pregnancy that affects 2-8% of women worldwide and is one of the leading causes of maternal deaths and premature birth. PE can occur early in pregnancy (<34 weeks gestation) or late in pregnancy (>34 weeks gestation). Whilst the placenta is clearly implicated in early onset PE (EOPE), late onset PE (LOPE) is less clear with some believing the disease is entirely maternal whilst others believe that there is an interplay between maternal systems and the placenta. In both types of PE, the syncytiotrophoblast (STB), the layer of the placenta in direct contact with maternal blood, is stressed. In EOPE, the STB is oxidatively stressed in early pregnancy (leading to PE later in gestation- the two-stage model) whilst in LOPE the STB is stressed because of villous overcrowding and senescence later in pregnancy. It is this stress that perturbs maternal systems leading to the clinical manifestations of PE. Whilst some of the molecular species driving this stress have been identified, none completely explain the multisystem nature of PE. Syncytiotrophoblast membrane vesicles (STB-EVs) are a potential contributor to this multisystem disorder. STB-EVs are released into the maternal circulation in increasing amounts with advancing gestational age, and this release is further exacerbated with stress. There are good in vitro evidence that STB-EVs are taken up by macrophages and liver cells with additional evidence supporting endothelial cell uptake. STB-EV targeting remains in the early stages of discovery. In this review, we highlight the role of STB-EVs in PE. In relation to current research, we discuss different protocols for ex vivo isolation of STB-EVs, as well as specific issues involving tissue preparation, isolation (some of which may be unique to STB-EVs), and methods for their analysis. We suggest potential solutions for these challenges.
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92
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Tavares GA, Torres A, Le Drean G, Queignec M, Castellano B, Tesson L, Remy S, Anegon I, Pitard B, Kaeffer B. Oral Delivery of miR-320-3p with Lipidic Aminoglycoside Derivatives at Mid-Lactation Alters miR-320-3p Endogenous Levels in the Gut and Brain of Adult Rats According to Early or Regular Weaning. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010191. [PMID: 36613633 PMCID: PMC9820440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate if the artificial delivery of microRNAs naturally present in the breastmilk can impact the gut and brain of young rats according to weaning. Animals from a new transgenic rat line expressing the green-fluorescent protein in the endocrine lineage (cholecystokinin expressing cells) received a single oral bolus of miR-320-3p or miR-375-3p embedded in DiOleyl-Succinyl-Paromomycin (DOSP) on D-12. The pups were weaned early (D-15), or regularly (D-30). The expression of relevant miRNA, mRNAs, chromatin complexes, and duodenal cell density were assessed at 8 h post-inoculation and on D-45. The miR-320-3p/DOSP induced immediate effects on H3K4me3 chromatin complexes with polr3d promoter (p < 0.05). On regular weaning, on D-45, miR-320-3p and 375-3p were found to be downregulated in the stomach and upregulated in the hypothalamus (p < 0.001), whereas miR-320-3p was upregulated in the duodenum. After early weaning, miR-320-3p and miR-375-3p were downregulated in the stomach and the duodenum, but upregulated in the hypothalamus and the hippocampus. Combination of miR-320-3p/DOSP with early weaning enhanced miR-320-3p and chromogranin A expression in the duodenum. In the female brain stem, miR-320-3p, miR-504, and miR-16-5p levels were all upregulated. Investigating the oral miRNA-320-3p loads in the duodenal cell lineage paved the way for designing new therapeutics to avoid unexpected long-term impacts on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Araujo Tavares
- Nantes Université, INRAE, UMR 1280, PhAN, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Behavior, Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 56070-901, Brazil
| | - Amada Torres
- Nantes Université, INRAE, UMR 1280, PhAN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Gwenola Le Drean
- Nantes Université, INRAE, UMR 1280, PhAN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Maïwenn Queignec
- Nantes Université, INRAE, UMR 1280, PhAN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Laurent Tesson
- Platform Rat Transgenesis ImmunoPhenomic, INSERM UMR 1064-CRTI, SFR François Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, F-44093 Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Remy
- Platform Rat Transgenesis ImmunoPhenomic, INSERM UMR 1064-CRTI, SFR François Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, F-44093 Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Platform Rat Transgenesis ImmunoPhenomic, INSERM UMR 1064-CRTI, SFR François Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, F-44093 Nantes, France
| | - Bruno Pitard
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in Immunotherapy, INCIT UMR1302/EMR6001, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Bertrand Kaeffer
- Nantes Université, INRAE, UMR 1280, PhAN, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Correspondence:
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93
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Matsuzaka Y, Yashiro R. Advances in Purification, Modification, and Application of Extracellular Vesicles for Novel Clinical Treatments. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12121244. [PMID: 36557150 PMCID: PMC9787595 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membrane vesicles surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and include microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, exosomes, and exomeres. Exosome-encapsulated microRNAs (miRNAs) released from cancer cells are involved in the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells via angiogenesis. On the other hand, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, which is being employed in regenerative medicine owing to the ability of MSCs to differentiate into various cells, is due to humoral factors, including messenger RNA (mRNA), miRNAs, proteins, and lipids, which are encapsulated in exosomes derived from transplanted cells. New treatments that advocate cell-free therapy using MSC-derived exosomes will significantly improve clinical practice. Therefore, using highly purified exosomes that perform their original functions is desirable. In this review, we summarized advances in the purification, modification, and application of EVs as novel strategies to treat some diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunari Matsuzaka
- Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Administrative Section of Radiation Protection, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0031, Japan
| | - Ryu Yashiro
- Administrative Section of Radiation Protection, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0031, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-0004, Japan
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94
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The Role of microRNAs in Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415479. [PMID: 36555120 PMCID: PMC9779565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a biological response of the immune system to various insults, such as pathogens, toxic compounds, damaged cells, and radiation. The complex network of pro- and anti-inflammatory factors and their direction towards inflammation often leads to the development and progression of various inflammation-associated diseases. The role of small non-coding RNAs (small ncRNAs) in inflammation has gained much attention in the past two decades for their regulation of inflammatory gene expression at multiple levels and their potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various diseases. One group of small ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), has become a key regulator in various inflammatory disease conditions. Their fine-tuning of target gene regulation often turns out to be an important factor in controlling aberrant inflammatory reactions in the system. This review summarizes the biogenesis of miRNA and the mechanisms of miRNA-mediated gene regulation. The review also briefly discusses various pro- and anti-inflammatory miRNAs, their targets and functions, and provides a detailed discussion on the role of miR-10a in inflammation.
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95
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Dysregulation of Mir-193B and Mir-376A as a Biomarker of Prediabetes in Offspring of Gestational Diabetic Mice. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes initiated during pregnancy and is characterized by maternal hyperglycemia that induces complications in mothers and children. In the current study, we used a GDM mouse model (through i.p. injection of a single dose of streptozocin, STZ, 60 mg/kg/bw) to investigate the biochemical and immunological changes in the blood and brain of diabetic mothers and their offspring relative to their appropriate controls. In addition, we estimated the expression levels of a set of microRNAs (miRNAs) to link between the dysregulation in the levels of miRNAs and the exposure to oxidative stress during embryonic development, as well as metabolic changes that occur after birth and during puberty in offspring (5-weeks-old). At the biochemical level, newborn pups appeared mostly to suffer from the same oxidative stress conditions of their mothers as shown by the significant increase in nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood and brain of diabetic mothers and their pups. However, the 5-week-old offspring showed a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and based on their blood glucose levels, could be considered as prediabetic (with glucose mean value of 165 mg/dl). In the meantime, the tested miRNAs, especially miR-15b, miR-146a, and miR-138 showed mostly similar expression levels in diabetic mothers and newborn pups. In this regard, miR-15a and -15b, miR-146a, and miR-138 are downregulated in diabetic mothers and their newborn pups relative to their appropriate controls. However, in offspring of diabetic mothers at puberty age, these miRNAs displayed different expression levels relative to mothers and control offspring. Interestingly, miR-193 and miR-763 expression levels were significantly lower in diabetic mothers but upregulated in their 5-week-old offspring, suggesting that miR-193 and miR-763 could be used as biomarkers to differentiate between prediabetes and diabetes.
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96
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Lang C, Lin HT, Wu C, Alavi M. In Silico analysis of the sequence and structure of plant microRNAs packaged in extracellular vesicles. Comput Biol Chem 2022; 101:107771. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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97
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Kaeffer B, Chen C, Louveau A. Editorial: Non-coding RNA in immunotherapies and immune regulation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1094643. [PMID: 36524128 PMCID: PMC9745589 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1094643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Kaeffer
- Département Alimentation Humaine, Nantes Université, Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAE), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1280, Nantes, France,*Correspondence: Bertrand Kaeffer, ; Chen Chen, ; Antoine Louveau,
| | - Chen Chen
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Bertrand Kaeffer, ; Chen Chen, ; Antoine Louveau,
| | - Antoine Louveau
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Bertrand Kaeffer, ; Chen Chen, ; Antoine Louveau,
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98
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Kolodziej F, McDonagh B, Burns N, Goljanek-Whysall K. MicroRNAs as the Sentinels of Redox and Hypertrophic Signalling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314716. [PMID: 36499053 PMCID: PMC9737617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with skeletal muscle function decline with ageing or disease or inadequate exercise and/or poor diet. Paradoxically, reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines are key for mounting the muscular and systemic adaptive responses to endurance and resistance exercise. Both ageing and lifestyle-related metabolic dysfunction are strongly linked to exercise redox and hypertrophic insensitivity. The adaptive inability and consequent exercise intolerance may discourage people from physical training resulting in a vicious cycle of under-exercising, energy surplus, chronic mitochondrial stress, accelerated functional decline and increased susceptibility to serious diseases. Skeletal muscles are malleable and dynamic organs, rewiring their metabolism depending on the metabolic or mechanical stress resulting in a specific phenotype. Endogenous RNA silencing molecules, microRNAs, are regulators of these metabolic/phenotypic shifts in skeletal muscles. Skeletal muscle microRNA profiles at baseline and in response to exercise have been observed to differ between adult and older people, as well as trained vs. sedentary individuals. Likewise, the circulating microRNA blueprint varies based on age and training status. Therefore, microRNAs emerge as key regulators of metabolic health/capacity and hormetic adaptability. In this narrative review, we summarise the literature exploring the links between microRNAs and skeletal muscle, as well as systemic adaptation to exercise. We expand a mathematical model of microRNA burst during adaptation to exercise through supporting data from the literature. We describe a potential link between the microRNA-dependent regulation of redox-signalling sensitivity and the ability to mount a hypertrophic response to exercise or nutritional cues. We propose a hypothetical model of endurance exercise-induced microRNA "memory cloud" responsible for establishing a landscape conducive to aerobic as well as anabolic adaptation. We suggest that regular aerobic exercise, complimented by a healthy diet, in addition to promoting mitochondrial health and hypertrophic/insulin sensitivity, may also suppress the glycolytic phenotype and mTOR signalling through miRNAs which in turn promote systemic metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Kolodziej
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, CMNHS, University of Galway, H91TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Brian McDonagh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, CMNHS, University of Galway, H91TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Nicole Burns
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, CMNHS, University of Galway, H91TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, CMNHS, University of Galway, H91TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
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99
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Di Liegro CM, Schiera G, Schirò G, Di Liegro I. RNA-Binding Proteins as Epigenetic Regulators of Brain Functions and Their Involvement in Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314622. [PMID: 36498959 PMCID: PMC9739182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A central aspect of nervous system development and function is the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA fate, which implies time- and site-dependent translation, in response to cues originating from cell-to-cell crosstalk. Such events are fundamental for the establishment of brain cell asymmetry, as well as of long-lasting modifications of synapses (long-term potentiation: LTP), responsible for learning, memory, and higher cognitive functions. Post-transcriptional regulation is in turn dependent on RNA-binding proteins that, by recognizing and binding brief RNA sequences, base modifications, or secondary/tertiary structures, are able to control maturation, localization, stability, and translation of the transcripts. Notably, most RBPs contain intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) that are thought to be involved in the formation of membrane-less structures, probably due to liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Such structures are evidenced as a variety of granules that contain proteins and different classes of RNAs. The other side of the peculiar properties of IDRs is, however, that, under altered cellular conditions, they are also prone to form aggregates, as observed in neurodegeneration. Interestingly, RBPs, as part of both normal and aggregated complexes, are also able to enter extracellular vesicles (EVs), and in doing so, they can also reach cells other than those that produced them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Maria Di Liegro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche) (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Schiera
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche) (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Schirò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata) (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Italia Di Liegro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata) (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-091-238-97 (ext. 415/446)
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100
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Han QF, Li WJ, Hu KS, Gao J, Zhai WL, Yang JH, Zhang SJ. Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:207. [PMID: 36320056 PMCID: PMC9623991 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are well-known key mediators of intercellular communication and contribute to various physiological and pathological processes. Their biogenesis involves four key steps, including cargo sorting, MVB formation and maturation, transport of MVBs, and MVB fusion with the plasma membrane. Each process is modulated through the competition or coordination of multiple mechanisms, whereby diverse repertoires of molecular cargos are sorted into distinct subpopulations of exosomes, resulting in the high heterogeneity of exosomes. Intriguingly, cancer cells exploit various strategies, such as aberrant gene expression, posttranslational modifications, and altered signaling pathways, to regulate the biogenesis, composition, and eventually functions of exosomes to promote cancer progression. Therefore, exosome biogenesis-targeted therapy is being actively explored. In this review, we systematically summarize recent progress in understanding the machinery of exosome biogenesis and how it is regulated in the context of cancer. In particular, we highlight pharmacological targeting of exosome biogenesis as a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Fang Han
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Wen-Jia Li
- grid.412536.70000 0004 1791 7851Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Kai-Shun Hu
- grid.412536.70000 0004 1791 7851Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Jie Gao
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,Henan Diagnosis & Treatment League for Hepatopathy, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Wen-Long Zhai
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Clinical Systems Biology Key Laboratories of Henan, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Shui-Jun Zhang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,Henan Diagnosis & Treatment League for Hepatopathy, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,Henan Engineering & Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Diseases, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
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