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Palma G, Pasqua T, Silvestri G, Rocca C, Gualtieri P, Barbieri A, De Bartolo A, De Lorenzo A, Angelone T, Avolio E, Botti G. PI3Kδ Inhibition as a Potential Therapeutic Target in COVID-19. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2094. [PMID: 32973818 PMCID: PMC7472874 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of the novel human respiratory coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a global public health emergency. There is no known successful treatment as of this time, and there is a need for medical options to mitigate this current epidemic. SARS-CoV-2 uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and is primarily trophic for the lower and upper respiratory tract. A number of current studies on COVID-19 have demonstrated the substantial increase in pro-inflammatory factors in the lungs during infection. The virus is also documented in the central nervous system and, particularly in the brainstem, which plays a key role in respiratory and cardiovascular function. Currently, there are few antiviral approaches, and several alternative drugs are under investigation. Two of these are Idelalisib and Ebastine, already proposed as preventive strategies in airways and allergic diseases. The interesting and evolving potential of phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) inhibitors, together with Ebastine, lies in their ability to suppress the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-α, by T cells. This may represent an optional therapeutic choice for COVID-19 to reduce inflammatory reactions and mortality, enabling patients to recover faster. This concise communication aims to provide new potential therapeutic targets capable of mitigating and alleviating SARS-CoV-2 pandemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Palma
- SSD Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale – IRCSS, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho-Physiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giovannino Silvestri
- Institute of Human Virology, Division of Infectious Agents and Cancer, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Carmine Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho-Physiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Paola Gualtieri
- School of Specialization in Food Science, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Barbieri
- SSD Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale – IRCSS, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna De Bartolo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho-Physiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Patho-Physiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
| | - Ennio Avolio
- School of Specialization in Food Science, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific Director, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale – IRCSS, Naples, Italy
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