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Ozdal M, Gurkok S. Recent advances in nanoparticles as antibacterial agent. ADMET AND DMPK 2022; 10:115-129. [PMID: 35350114 PMCID: PMC8957245 DOI: 10.5599/admet.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the rapid increase in antibiotic-resistant pathogens has caused serious health problems. Researchers are searching for alternative antimicrobial substances to control or prevent infections caused by pathogens. Different strategies are used to develop effective antibacterial agents, and in this respect, nanoparticles are undoubtedly promising materials. Nanoparticles act by bypassing drug resistance mechanisms in bacteria and inhibiting biofilm formation or other important processes related to their virulence potential. Nanoparticles can penetrate the cell wall and membrane of bacteria and act by disrupting important molecular mechanisms. In combination with appropriate antibiotics, NPs may show synergy and help prevent the developing global bacterial resistance crisis. Furthermore, due to characteristics such as enhanced biocompatibility and biodegradability, polymer-based nanoparticles enable the development of a wide range of medical products. Antibacterial applications of nanoparticles range from antimicrobial synthetic textiles to biomedical and surgical devices when nanoparticles are embedded/loaded/coated into different materials. In this review, the antibacterial mechanisms of nanoparticles and their potential for use in the medical field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Ozdal
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
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Ma Y, Zhang M, Deng Z, Wang X, Huang H, Yang K, Yuan B, Liu Y, Kang Z. Chiral carbon dots - a functional domain for tyrosinase Cu active site modulation via remote target interaction. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1202-1210. [PMID: 34989754 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07236f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The nano-hybrid enzyme is an ideal catalytic system that integrates various advantages from biocatalysis and nanocatalysis into homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. However, great efforts are still needed to fully understand the interactions between nanoparticles and enzymes. Here, we show chiral carbon dots (CDs) as a new functional domain for tyrosinase Cu active site modulation via remote target interaction. Three kinds of chiral CDs (LCDs-1/-2/-3; DCDs-1/-2/-3) were fabricated by thermal treatment of citric acid and L/D-aspartic acid. Then a series of CDs/tyrosinase composites (namely, nano-hybrid-enzymes) were prepared, demonstrating good regulation of enzyme catalytic kinetics. Especially, we find that LCDs-1 is an irreversible inhibitor with great inhibition effect while the others are all reversible inhibitors. Furthermore, it is suggested by both experiments and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations that the joint effect of LCDs-1 and tyrosinase makes LCDs-1 serve as a new functional domain, which has a distinguished ability to control the conformational changes of the key sites of the active center of the tyrosinase (e.g., H60) and thus the escaping behavior of copper ions and the catalytic activity. This work opens a new route for nano-hybrid-enzyme design and enzyme activity regulation with chiral carbon materials as functional domains via remote target interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Mengling Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhixiong Deng
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research and School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Xiting Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kai Yang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research and School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Bing Yuan
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research and School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau SAR, China.
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Kemboi VJ, Kipkoech C, Njire M, Were S, Lagat MK, Ndwiga F, Wesonga JM, Tanga CM. Biocontrol Potential of Chitin and Chitosan Extracted from Black Soldier Fly Pupal Exuviae against Bacterial Wilt of Tomato. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010165. [PMID: 35056613 PMCID: PMC8780822 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is ranked one of the most destructive bacterial pathogens inducing rapid and fatal wilting symptoms on tomatoes. Yield losses on tomatoes vary from 0 to 91% and most control measures are unaffordable to resource-poor farmers. This study investigated the antimicrobial activities of chitin and chitosan extracted from black soldier fly (BSF) pupal exuviae against R. solanacearum. Morphological, biochemical, and molecular techniques were used to isolate and characterize R. solanacearum for in vitro pathogenicity test using disc diffusion technique. Our results revealed that BSF chitosan significantly inhibited the growth of R. solanacearum when compared to treatments without chitosan. However, there was no significant difference in the antibacterial activities between BSF and commercial chitosan against R. solanacearum. Soil amended with BSF-chitin and chitosan demonstrated a reduction in bacterial wilt disease incidence by 30.31% and 34.95%, respectively. Whereas, disease severity was reduced by 22.57% and 23.66%, when inoculated tomato plants were subjected to soil amended with BSF chitin and chitosan, respectively. These findings have demonstrated that BSF pupal shells are an attractive renewable raw material for the recovery of valuable products (chitin and chitosan) with promising ability as a new type of eco-friendly control measure against bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum. Further studies should explore integrated pest management options that integrate multiple components including insect-based chitin and chitosan to manage bacterial wilt diseases, contributing significantly to increased tomato production worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violah Jepkogei Kemboi
- Department of Botany, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-02000, Kenya; (V.J.K.); (M.N.); (S.W.); (M.K.L.); (F.N.)
| | - Carolyne Kipkoech
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-02000, Kenya
- Correspondence:
| | - Moses Njire
- Department of Botany, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-02000, Kenya; (V.J.K.); (M.N.); (S.W.); (M.K.L.); (F.N.)
| | - Samuel Were
- Department of Botany, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-02000, Kenya; (V.J.K.); (M.N.); (S.W.); (M.K.L.); (F.N.)
| | - Mevin Kiprotich Lagat
- Department of Botany, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-02000, Kenya; (V.J.K.); (M.N.); (S.W.); (M.K.L.); (F.N.)
| | - Francis Ndwiga
- Department of Botany, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-02000, Kenya; (V.J.K.); (M.N.); (S.W.); (M.K.L.); (F.N.)
| | - John Mwibanda Wesonga
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-02000, Kenya;
| | - Chrysantus Mbi Tanga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya;
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Padmakumar S, Varghese MM, Menon D. Differential Drug Release Kinetics from Paclitaxel-Loaded Polydioxanone Membranes and Capsules. RECENT ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY AND FORMULATION 2022; 16:241-252. [PMID: 35796448 DOI: 10.2174/2667387816666220707143330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug laden implantable systems can provide drug release over several hours to years, which eventually aid in the therapy of both acute and chronic diseases. The present study focuses on a fundamental evaluation of the influence of implant properties such as morphology, architecture, porosity, surface area, and wettability in regulating the drug release kinetics from drug-loaded polymeric matrices. METHODS For this, Polydioxanone (PDS) was selected as the polymer and Paclitaxel (Ptx) as the model drug. Two different forms of the matrix implants, viz., reservoir type capsules developed by dip coating and matrix type membranes fabricated by phase inversion and electrospinning, were utilized for the study. Drug release from all the four different matrices prepared by simple techniques was evaluated in vitro in PBS and ex vivo in peritoneal wash fluid for ~4 weeks. The drug release profiles were thereafter correlated with the physicochemical parameters of the polymeric implants. RESULTS Reservoir-type capsules followed a slow and steady zero-order kinetics, while matrix-type electrospun and phase inversion membranes displayed typical biphasic kinetics. CONCLUSION It was inferred that the slow degradation rate of PDS polymer as well as the implant properties like porosity and wettability play an important role in controlling the drug release rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smrithi Padmakumar
- Centre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Merin Mary Varghese
- Centre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Deepthy Menon
- Centre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Zinc oxide enhancing hydrophilicity to [polytetrafluoroethylene-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate)]-graft-poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) films. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Matilla MA, Velando F, Monteagudo-Cascales E, Krell T. Flagella, Chemotaxis and Surface Sensing. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1386:185-221. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08491-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zharkova MS, Golubeva OY, Orlov DS, Vladimirova EV, Dmitriev AV, Tossi A, Shamova OV. Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized With Antimicrobial Polypeptides: Benefits and Possible Pitfalls of a Novel Anti-infective Tool. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:750556. [PMID: 34975782 PMCID: PMC8719061 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and antimicrobial peptides or proteins (AMPs/APs) are both considered as promising platforms for the development of novel therapeutic agents effective against the growing number of drug-resistant pathogens. The observed synergy of their antibacterial activity suggested the prospect of introducing antimicrobial peptides or small antimicrobial proteins into the gelatinized coating of AgNPs. Conjugates with protegrin-1, indolicidin, protamine, histones, and lysozyme were comparatively tested for their antibacterial properties and compared with unconjugated nanoparticles and antimicrobial polypeptides alone. Their toxic effects were similarly tested against both normal eukaryotic cells (human erythrocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, neutrophils, and dermal fibroblasts) and tumor cells (human erythromyeloid leukemia K562 and human histiocytic lymphoma U937 cell lines). The AMPs/APs retained their ability to enhance the antibacterial activity of AgNPs against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including drug-resistant strains, when conjugated to the AgNP surface. The small, membranolytic protegrin-1 was the most efficient, suggesting that a short, rigid structure is not a limiting factor despite the constraints imposed by binding to the nanoparticle. Some of the conjugated AMPs/APs clearly affected the ability of nanoparticle to permeabilize the outer membrane of Escherichia coli, but none of the conjugated AgNPs acquired the capacity to permeabilize its cytoplasmic membrane, regardless of the membranolytic potency of the bound polypeptide. Low hemolytic activity was also found for all AgNP-AMP/AP conjugates, regardless of the hemolytic activity of the free polypeptides, making conjugation a promising strategy not only to enhance their antimicrobial potential but also to effectively reduce the toxicity of membranolytic AMPs. The observation that metabolic processes and O2 consumption in bacteria were efficiently inhibited by all forms of AgNPs is the most likely explanation for their rapid and bactericidal action. AMP-dependent properties in the activity pattern of various conjugates toward eukaryotic cells suggest that immunomodulatory, wound-healing, and other effects of the polypeptides are at least partially transferred to the nanoparticles, so that functionalization of AgNPs may have effects beyond just modulation of direct antibacterial activity. In addition, some conjugated nanoparticles are selectively toxic to tumor cells. However, caution is required as not all modulatory effects are necessarily beneficial to normal host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S. Zharkova
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Yu. Golubeva
- Laboratory of the Nanostructures Research, Institute of Silicate Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitriy S. Orlov
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V. Vladimirova
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Dmitriev
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alessandro Tossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Olga V. Shamova
- World-Class Research Center “Center for Personalized Medicine”, FSBSI Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Gomes A, Aguiar L, Ferraz R, Teixeira C, Gomes P. The Emerging Role of Ionic Liquid-Based Approaches for Enhanced Skin Permeation of Bioactive Molecules: A Snapshot of the Past Couple of Years. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11991. [PMID: 34769430 PMCID: PMC8584570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical and transdermal delivery systems are of undeniable significance and ubiquity in healthcare, to facilitate the delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients, respectively, onto or across the skin to enter systemic circulation. From ancient ointments and potions to modern micro/nanotechnological devices, a variety of approaches has been explored over the ages to improve the skin permeation of diverse medicines and cosmetics. Amongst the latest investigational dermal permeation enhancers, ionic liquids have been gaining momentum, and recent years have been prolific in this regard. As such, this review offers an outline of current methods for enhancing percutaneous permeation, highlighting selected reports where ionic liquid-based approaches have been investigated for this purpose. Future perspectives on use of ionic liquids for topical delivery of bioactive peptides are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (A.G.); (L.A.); (R.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Luísa Aguiar
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (A.G.); (L.A.); (R.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (A.G.); (L.A.); (R.F.); (C.T.)
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, CISA, Escola Superior de Saúde, Politécnico do Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, P-4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cátia Teixeira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (A.G.); (L.A.); (R.F.); (C.T.)
| | - Paula Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (A.G.); (L.A.); (R.F.); (C.T.)
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Iron, Copper, and Zinc Homeostasis: Physiology, Physiopathology, and Nanomediated Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112958. [PMID: 34835722 PMCID: PMC8620808 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of how the human organism functions has preoccupied researchers in medicine for a very long time. While most of the mechanisms are well understood and detailed thoroughly, medicine has yet much to discover. Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), and Zinc (Zn) are elements on which organisms, ranging from simple bacteria all the way to complex ones such as mammals, rely on these divalent ions. Compounded by the continuously evolving biotechnologies, these ions are still relevant today. This review article aims at recapping the mechanisms involved in Fe, Cu, and Zn homeostasis. By applying the knowledge and expanding on future research areas, this article aims to shine new light of existing illness. Thanks to the expanding field of nanotechnology, genetic disorders such as hemochromatosis and thalassemia can be managed today. Nanoparticles (NPs) improve delivery of ions and confer targeting capabilities, with the potential for use in treatment and diagnosis. Iron deficiency, cancer, and sepsis are persisting major issues. While targeted delivery using Fe NPs can be used as food fortifiers, chemotherapeutic agents against cancer cells and microbes have been developed using both Fe and Cu NPs. A fast and accurate means of diagnosis is a major impacting factor on outcome of patients, especially when critically ill. Good quality imaging and bed side diagnostic tools are possible using NPs, which may positively impact outcome.
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Chircov C, Matei MF, Neacșu IA, Vasile BS, Oprea OC, Croitoru AM, Trușcă RD, Andronescu E, Sorescu I, Bărbuceanu F. Iron Oxide-Silica Core-Shell Nanoparticles Functionalized with Essential Oils for Antimicrobial Therapies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1138. [PMID: 34572720 PMCID: PMC8467872 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a tremendous interest in the use of essential oils in biomedical applications due to their intrinsic antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, their low aqueous solubility and high volatility compromise their maximum potential, thus requiring the development of efficient supports for their delivery. Hence, this manuscript focuses on developing nanostructured systems based on Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles and three different types of essential oils, i.e., thyme, rosemary, and basil, to overcome these limitations. Specifically, this work represents a comparative study between co-precipitation and microwave-assisted hydrothermal methods for the synthesis of Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles. All magnetic samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) to study the impact of the synthesis method on the nanoparticle formation and properties, in terms of crystallinity, purity, size, morphology, stability, and magnetization. Moreover, the antimicrobial properties of the synthesized nanocomposites were assessed through in vitro tests on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. In this manner, this study demonstrated the efficiency of the core-shell nanostructured systems as potential applications in antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Chircov
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria-Florentina Matei
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ionela Andreea Neacșu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Stefan Vasile
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu-Cristian Oprea
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Alexa-Maria Croitoru
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Roxana-Doina Trușcă
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.N.); (B.S.V.); (A.-M.C.)
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Spl. Independentei, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionuț Sorescu
- Institute for Diagnosis and Animal Health, 050557 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Florica Bărbuceanu
- Institute for Diagnosis and Animal Health, 050557 Bucharest, Romania; (I.S.); (F.B.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania
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Biomaterials for the Prevention of Oral Candidiasis Development. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060803. [PMID: 34072188 PMCID: PMC8229946 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thousands of microorganisms coexist within the human microbiota. However, certain conditions can predispose the organism to the overgrowth of specific pathogens that further lead to opportunistic infections. One of the most common such imbalances in the normal oral flora is the excessive growth of Candida spp., which produces oral candidiasis. In immunocompromised individuals, this fungal infection can reach the systemic level and become life-threatening. Hence, prompt and efficient treatment must be administered. Traditional antifungal agents, such as polyenes, azoles, and echinocandins, may often result in severe adverse effects, regardless of the administration form. Therefore, novel treatments have to be developed and implemented in clinical practice. In this regard, the present paper focuses on the newest therapeutic options against oral Candida infections, reviewing compounds and biomaterials with inherent antifungal properties, improved materials for dental prostheses and denture adhesives, drug delivery systems, and combined approaches towards developing the optimum treatment.
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