Aloe Vera for Tissue Engineering Applications

Lanthanides-Substituted Hydroxyapatite/Aloe vera Composite Coated Titanium Plate for Bone Tissue Regeneration

PURPOSE

To develop the surface-treated metal implant with highly encouraged positive properties, including high anti-corrosiveness, bio-activeness and bio-compatibleness for orthopedic applications.

METHODS

In this work, the surface of commercially pure titanium (Ti) metal was treated with bio-compatible polydopamine (PD) by merely immersing the Ti plate in PD solution. The composite of trivalent lanthanide minerals (La3+, Ce3+ and Gd3+)-substituted hydroxyapatite (MHAP) with Aloe vera (AV) gel was prepared and coated on the PD-Ti plate by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. The choice of trivalent lanthanide ions is based on their bio-compatible nature and bone-seeking properties. The formation of the PD layer, composites, and composite coatings on Ti plate and PD-Ti surface was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD, SEM and HR-TEM observations. In-vitro assessments such as osteoblasts like MG-63 cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization ability of the MHAP/AV composite were tested, and the composite-coated plate was implanted into a rat bone defect model for in-vivo bone regeneration studies.

RESULTS

The coating ability of the MHAP/AV composite was highly preferred to PD-treated Ti plate than an untreated Ti plate due to the metal absorption ability of PD. This was confirmed by SEM analysis. The in-vitro and in-vivo studies show the better osteogenic ability of MHAP/AV composite at 14th day and 4th week of an experimental period, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The osteoblast ability of the fabricated device without producing any adverse effect in the rat model recommends that the fabricated device would serve as a better platform on the hard tissue regeneration for load-bearing applications of orthopedics.

Advanced SA/PVA-based hydrogel matrices with prolonged release of Aloe vera as promising wound dressings

This work focuses on the influence of different amounts (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%, v/v) of solution of Aloe vera on the chemical structure and properties of sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel films. The polymeric matrix was prepared following the chemical cross-linking method using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, Mn = 700 g/mol) as a cross-linking agent. First, the gel fractions of the modified hydrogels were determined and their swelling behavior in distilled water and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was tested. Subsequently, the following properties of the modified hydrogel materials were studied: structural (FT-IR spectra analysis), morphological (SEM analysis) and mechanical (tensile strength, elongation at break and hardness). Moreover, a thermal analysis (TG/DTG and DSC) confirmed that the SA/PVA hydrogels containing Aloe vera exhibited slightly higher thermal stability than the unmodified hydrogels, which allows concluding that a rigid and thermally stable three-dimensional structure had been obtained. Additionally, the release profile of polysaccharides from the hydrogel matrix was evaluated in PBS at 37 °C. The results show that the active substance was released in a prolonged manner, gradually, even for a week. It was found that the presence of Aloe vera inside the cross-linked polymeric network improved the active substance delivery properties of the hydrogel films. When greater amounts of Aloe vera were applied, the hydrogel had an irregular surface structure, as revealed by SEM images. The chemical structure was confirmed on the basis of an FT-IR spectral analysis. Concluding, SA/PVA/Aloe vera matrices are promising compounds and deserve further studies towards application in interactive wound dressings. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of the materials was studied and the results indicated good adhesion properties and no toxicity. In vitro experiments performed on normal human dermal fibroblasts proved excellent cell attachment on the Aloe vera hydrogel discs, which promoted cells spreading and proliferation.

A comprehensive overview of functional and rheological properties of aloe vera and its application in foods

Aloe vera catches attention of food industry due to its various health benefits like emollient, anti-inflammatory, purgative, anti-microbial, aphrodisiac, antifungal, and antioxidant. Aloe vera gel has excellent functional and nutritional properties and its incorporation into food can increase its functional and nutritional value of the food. However, both the pulp and aloe gel contain a lot of insoluble polymer particles, which affect the rheological behaviour and physical stability mechanisms of the suspensions during storage and processing. While many researchers have explored the application of aloe vera juice in the food products, no literature review of food applications of aloe vera along with their rheological properties have been complied. Hence, the present review aimed to focus on the utilization of aloe vera in the various sectors of food processing and gives insights on the rheological and flow behaviour of aloe vera juice which is a critical parameter for its food application.

Medicinal plants used in wound dressings made of electrospun nanofibers

Nanofibers are a type of nanostructures, which due to their unique properties can be used in wound dressing, and electrospinning is a good way to produce them. The benefits of wound dressings made of electrospun nanofibers include a large surface area to volume ratio, high absorption of secretions from the wound, and high air permeability, mimicking the morphology of extracellular matrix (ECM) of the damaged tissue and the possibility of the gradual release of the drug agents loaded on nanofibers. Because of the adaptability of plants to the body, low side effects and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, interest in using plants is increasing. Combining nanofibers with plants is a way to integrate the physical properties of the structure of nanofibers and the chemical and antibacterial properties of the plants. In recent years, many plants in the forms of extracts, essential oils, and pure active ingredients have been used in the electrospininng and production of nanofiber-containing plants; some of the plants may be a good choice for wound dressings made of electrospun nanofibers.

Repositioning Natural Antioxidants for Therapeutic Applications in Tissue Engineering

Although a large panel of natural antioxidants demonstrate a protective effect in preventing cellular oxidative stress, their low bioavailability limits therapeutic activity at the targeted injury site. The importance to deliver drug or cells into oxidative microenvironments can be realized with the development of biocompatible redox-modulating materials. The incorporation of antioxidant compounds within implanted biomaterials should be able to retain the antioxidant activity, while also allowing graft survival and tissue recovery. This review summarizes the recent literature reporting the combined role of natural antioxidants with biomaterials. Our review highlights how such functionalization is a promising strategy in tissue engineering to improve the engraftment and promote tissue healing or regeneration.

Ultraviolet A protective potential of plant extracts and phytochemicals

Chronic exposure to solar radiation is related to an increased incidence of various skin disorders, including premature skin aging and melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Ultraviolet (UV) photons in particular are responsible for skin damage. Solar UV photons mainly belong to UVA wavebands, however UVA radiation has been mostly ignored for a long time. At the cellular level, UVA photons mainly provoke indirect oxidative damage to biomolecules via the massive generation of unstable and highly reactive compounds. Human skin has several effective mechanisms that forestall, repair and eliminate damage caused by solar radiation. Regardless, some damage persists and can accumulate with chronic exposure. Therefore, conscious protection against solar radiation (UVB+UVA) is necessary. Besides traditional types of photoprotection such as sunscreen use, new strategies are being searched for and developed. One very popular protective strategy is the application of phytochemicals as active ingredients of photoprotection preparations instead of synthetic chemicals. Phytochemicals usually possess additional biological activities besides absorbing the energy of photons, and those properties (e.g. antioxidant, anti-inflammatory) magnify the protective potential of phytochemicals and extracts. Therefore, compounds of natural origin are in the interest of researchers as well as developers. In this review, only studies on UVA protection with well-documented experimental conditions are summarized. This article includes 17 well standardized plant extracts (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Silybum marianum L. Gaertn., Punica granatum L., Polypodium aureum L., Vaccinium myrtillus L., Lonicera caerulea L., Thymus vulgaris L., Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., Morinda citrifolia L., Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., Oenothera paradoxa Hudziok, Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz et Pavón, Hippophae rhamnoides L., Cola acuminata Schott & Endl., Theobroma cacao L. and Amaranthus cruentus L.) and 26 phytochemicals.

Advances in dual functional antimicrobial and osteoinductive biomaterials for orthopaedic applications

A vast growing problem in orthopaedic medicine is the increase of clinical cases with antibiotic resistant pathogenic microbes, which is predicted to cause higher mortality than all cancers combined by 2050. Bone infectious diseases limit the healing ability of tissues and increase the risk of future injuries due to pathologic tissue remodelling. The traditional treatment for bone infections has several drawbacks and limitations, such as lengthy antibiotic treatment, extensive surgical interventions, and removal of orthopaedic implants and/or prosthesis, all of these resulting in long-term rehabilitation. This is a huge burden to the public health system resulting in increased healthcare costs. Current technologies e.g. co-delivery systems, where antibacterial and osteoinductive agents are delivered encounter challenges such as site-specific delivery, sustained and prolonged release, and biocompatibility. In this review, these aspects are highlighted to promote the invention of the next generation biomaterials to prevent and/or treat bone infections and promote tissue regeneration.

A novel egg-shell membrane based hybrid nanofibrous scaffold for cutaneous tissue engineering

Background

The main issue in cutaneous regeneration is to develop engineered scaffolds based on natural extracellular matrix to promote dynamics of skin progenitor cells and accelerate differentiation into mature keratinocytes.

Methods

In this study, nanofibrous scaffolds composed of a blend poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL), silk fibroin (SF), soluble eggshell membrane (SESM), and Aloe vera (AV) gel were developed by electrospinning method and human basal cells were used to examine differentiation capacity toward keratinocyte-like cells. For this propose, cells were allocated to four distinct groups; control, PCL/SF, PCL/SF/SESM, and PCL/SF/SESM/AV. In all groups, cells were incubated with differentiation medium. Morphology, composition, hydrophilicity and mechanical features of PCL/SF, PCL/SF/SESM and PCL/SF/SESM/AV nanofibers were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), water contact angle and tensile tests. To examine the orientation of basal cells to mature keratinocytes, we performed immunofluorescence analysis by monitoring cytokeratin-19. The expression of genes such as involucrin, keratin-14 and -5 was monitored by real-time PCR assay.

Results

PCL/SF, PCL/SF/SESM, and PCL/SF/SESM/AV had suitable physic chemical indices and biological activities to be applied as biomimetic scaffolds for the restoration cutaneous tissue. Compared to control, we found an increased basal cell proliferation at 7 and 14 days after plating on scaffolds and reach maximum levels in group PCL/SF/SESM/AV on day 14 (p < 0.05). Electron microscopy showed cell flattening, morphological adaptation. An integrated cell-to-cell connection was generated after cell seeding on scaffolds in all groups. Immunofluorescence imaging showed the ability of basal cells to synthesize cytokeratin-19 in PCL/SF, PCL/SF/SESM, and positive control cells after exposure to differentiation medium. However, these values were less in PCL/SF/SESM/AV compared to other groups. Real-time PCR analysis showed the potency of all scaffolds to induce the transcription of involucrin, keratin-14 and -5, especially involucrin in PCL/SF/SESM/AV group compared to the negative control.

Conclusion

Modulation of scaffolds with natural biopolymers could enable us to synthesize structures appropriate for cutaneous regeneration.

Biocompatible Aloe vera and Tetracycline Hydrochloride Loaded Hybrid Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering

Aloe vera (AV) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) exhibit significant properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-bacterial activities to facilitate skin tissue engineering. The present study aims to develop poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL)/ AV containing curcumin (CUR), and TCH loaded hybrid nanofibrous scaffolds to validate the synergistic effect on the fibroblast proliferation and antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria for wound healing. PCL/AV, PCL/CUR, PCL/AV/CUR and PCL/AV/TCH hybrid nanofibrous mats were fabricated using an electrospinning technique and were characterized for surface morphology, the successful incorporation of active compounds, hydrophilicity and the mechanical property of nanofibers. SEM revealed that there was a decrease in the fiber diameter (ranging from 360 to 770 nm) upon the addition of AV, CUR and TCH in PCL nanofibers, which were randomly oriented with bead free morphology. FTIR spectra of various electrospun samples confirmed the successful incorporation of AV, CUR and TCH into the PCL nanofibers. The fabricated nanofibrous scaffolds possessed mechanical properties within the range of human skin. The biocompatibility of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds were evaluated on primary human dermal fibroblasts (hDF) by MTS assay, CMFDA, Sirius red and F-actin stainings. The results showed that the fabricated PCL/AV/CUR and PCL/AV/TCH nanofibrous scaffolds were non-toxic and had the potential for wound healing applications. The disc diffusion assay confirmed that the electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds possessed antibacterial activity and provided an effective wound dressing for skin tissue engineering.

Enhanced performance of Aloe vera incorporated chitosan-polyethylene oxide electrospun wound scaffold produced using novel Spirograph based collector assembly

Spirograph is a geometric drawing that produces mathematical roulette curves of the variety technically known as hypotrochoids and epitrochoids. This paper presents a research on a novel Spirograph Based Mechanical System (SBMS) meant for the production of electrospun mat with near uniform characteristics for wound dressing applications. A combination of natural (Chitosan) and artificial (Polyethylene oxide) polymer, along with Aloe vera plant extract has been evaluated as a material for wound dressing application. The improvement in the mechanical property, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate developed SBMS compared to the typical collectors has been found suitable for producing electrospun mat for wound dressing applications.

In vitro biosafety of pro-ecological chitosan-based hydrogels modified with natural substances

Hydrogels belong to the group of materials with growing interest on the market of polymers. In this article, hydrogels based on Beetosan were obtained using ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Main component of hydrogel matrix-Beetosan-is chitosan obtained from naturally died honeybees. Such hydrogels were modified with active substances, that is, caffeine, bee pollen, Salvia officinalis (sage), and Aloe vera juice. Next, the analysis of cytotoxicity of hydrogels in relation to murine fibroblasts by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and neutral red uptake assays were conducted. Furthermore, surface morphology, tensile strength, geometry, and roughness of hydrogels were characterized. Hydrogels did not show cytotoxicity to recommended L929 murine fibroblasts. These polymers did not affect adversely the growth and viability of these cells. Moreover, Beetosan hydrogels were characterized by flexibility as well as by diversified surface morphology that could indicate their high absorbency. Therefore these materials may be considered as useful for biomedical purposes with special emphasis on application as modern wound dressings that not only absorb wound exudate but also contain natural substances with therapeutic properties that is beneficial from the point of view of wound healing process.

Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Biological Activities and Pharmacological Applications of Acemannan, a Polysaccharide from Aloe vera: A Review

Aloe vera is a medicinal plant species of the genus Aloe with a long history of usage around the world. Acemannan, considered one of the main bioactive polysaccharides of Aloe vera, possesses immunoregulation, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, wound healing and bone proliferation promotion, neuroprotection, and intestinal health promotion activities, among others. In this review, recent advancements in the extraction, purification, structural characteristics and biological activities of acemannan from Aloe vera were summarized. Among these advancements, the structural characteristics of purified polysaccharides were reviewed in detail. Meanwhile, the biological activities of acemannan from Aloe vera determined by in vivo, in vitro and clinical experiments are summarized, and possible mechanisms of these bioactivities were discussed. Moreover, the latest research progress on the use of acemannan in dentistry and wound healing was also summarized in details. The structure-activity relationships of acemannan and its medical applications were discussed. Finally, new perspectives for future research work on acemannan were proposed. In conclusion, this review summarizes the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activities and pharmacological applications of acemannan, and provides information for the industrial production and possible applications in dentistry and wound healing in the future.

Improved Multicellular Response, Biomimetic Mineralization, Angiogenesis, and Reduced Foreign Body Response of Modified Polydioxanone Scaffolds for Skeletal Tissue Regeneration

The potential of electrospun polydioxanone (PDX) mats as scaffolds for skeletal tissue regeneration was significantly enhanced through improvement of the cell-mediated biomimetic mineralization and multicellular response. This was achieved by blending PDX ( i) with poly(hydroxybutyrate- co-valerate) (PHBV) in the presence of hydroxyapatite (HA) and ( ii) with aloe vera (AV) extract containing a mixture of acemannan/glucomannan. In an exhaustive study, the behavior of the most relevant cell lines involved in the skeletal tissue healing cascade, i.e. fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells and preosteoblasts, on the scaffolds was investigated. The scaffolds were shown to be nontoxic, to exhibit insignificant inflammatory responses in macrophages, and to be degradable by macrophage-secreted enzymes. As a result of different phase separation in PDX/PHBV/HA and PDX/AV blend mats, cells interacted differentially. Presumably due to varying tension states of cell-matrix interactions, thinner microtubules and significantly more cell adhesion sites and filopodia were formed on PDX/AV compared to PDX/PHBV/HA. While PDX/PHBV/HA supported micrometer-sized spherical particles, nanosized rod-like HA was observed to nucleate and grow on PDX/AV fibers, allowing the mineralized PDX/AV scaffold to retain its porosity over a longer time for cellular infiltration. Finally, PDX/AV exhibited better in vivo biocompatibility compared to PDX/PHBV/HA, as indicated by the reduced fibrous capsule thickness and enhanced blood vessel formation. Overall, PDX/AV blend mats showed a significantly enhanced potential for skeletal tissue regeneration compared to the already promising PDX/PHBV/HA blends.

Hybrid polycaprolactone/hydrogel scaffold fabrication and in-process plasma treatment using PABS

A challenge for tissue engineering is to produce synthetic scaffolds of adequate chemical, physical, and biological cues effectively. Due to the hydrophobicity of the commonly used synthetic polymers, the printed scaffolds are limited in cell-seeding and proliferation efficiency. Furthermore, non-uniform cell distribution along the scaffolds with rare cell attachment in the core region is a common problem. There are no available commercial systems able to produce multi-type material and gradient scaffolds which could mimic the nature tissues. This paper describes a plasma-assisted bio-extrusion system (PABS) to overcome the above limitations and capable of producing functional-gradient scaffolds; it comprises pressure-assisted and screw-assisted extruders and plasma jets. A hybrid scaffold consisting of synthetic biopolymer and natural hybrid hydrogel alginate-gelatin (Alg-Gel) methacrylate anhydride, and full-layer N₂ plasma modification scaffolds were produced using PABS. Water contact angle and in vitro biological tests confirm that the plasma modification alters the hydrophilicity properties of synthetic polymers and promotes proliferation of cells, leading to homogeneous cell colonization. The results confirm the printing capability for soft hard material integration of PABS and suggest that it is promising for producing functional gradient scaffolds of biomaterials.

Aloe arborescens juice prevents EMF-induced oxidative stress and thus protects from pathophysiology in the male reproductive system in vitro

More and more studies suggest that prolonged exposure to EMF may cause adverse biological effects and point directly to a significantly negative correlation between EMF and human health, especially men fertility. In our previous study, we reported that this could be related to the EMF-induced reactive oxygen species formation, followed by DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. In this study, we decided to expand our research by the search for substances which would prevent EMF-induced damage in spermatogenic cells. Such an agent seems to be Aloe arborescens Mill. juice, which was shown to possess a wide range of protective properties. The administration of aloe extract helps among others to prevent the formation of free radicals by various biochemical pathways. Therefore, the main aim of our study was to provide a significant knowledge concerning the mechanism involved in the multi-pathway cytoprotective response of aloe juice against EMF. The study was carried out in an in vitro mouse spermatogenesis pathway cell lines (GC-1 spg and GC-2 spd). Our results suggest that the aloe juice has many positive effects, especially for the cellular antioxidant systems by reducing the intracellular reactive oxygen species pool induced by EMF. In consequence, aloe juice prevents DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and therefore the viability and metabolic activity of both cell line tested are preserved. In conclusion, our study provides new insight into the underlying mechanisms through which aloe juice prevents spermatogenic cells from cytotoxic and genotoxic events.

Preparation and characterization of Aloe vera acetate and electrospinning fibers as promising antibacterial properties materials

In this work, the anti-bacterial effect of Aloe vera derivate fibers produced by the electrospinning method was reported. Aloe vera Polyvinylpyrrolidone (Av/PVP) and Aloe vera acetate-Polyvinylpyrrolidone (AvAc/PVP) electrospun fibers were prepared with different concentrations and their microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. Various methods such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), water contact angle (CA) tests, Fourier-Transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (FT-NMR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), CHNSO and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to characterize prepared samples. (Av/PVP) electrospun fibers were prepared with different concentrations (6-10 wt%) of PVP and 0.2 wt% Av blended and tested in medicinal herb for wound healing, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. For further study, the effect of AvAc film on the properties of composite film was studied. AvAc increased the thermal stability and crystallite size percentage of samples. Antibacterial and antiviral test studies on the scaffold displayed no bacterial and viral growth. These results suggest that AvAc/PVP scaffolds could be promising candidates for wound healing applications.

Starch nanoparticle as a vitamin E-TPGS carrier loaded in silk fibroin-poly(vinyl alcohol)-Aloe vera nanofibrous dressing

Core-sheath nanofibrous mat as a new vitamin E (VE) delivery system based on silk fibroin (SF)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/aloe vera (AV) was successfully prepared by the electrospinning method. Initially, VE-loaded starch nanoparticles were produced and then incorporated into the best beadless SF-PVA-AV nanofibers. The successful loading of VE in starch nanoparticles was proved by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy indicated that spherical nanoparticles were successfully embedded within the nanofibers. In vitro release studies demonstrated that the release of VE was controlled by Fickian diffusion and was faster in samples containing more nanoparticles. Fibroblast attachment, proliferation, and collagen secretion were enhanced after adding AV and VE to the SF-PVA nanomatrix. Moreover, the incorporation of VE into the nanocomposite dressing enhanced antioxidant activity, which can have a positive effect on wound healing process by protecting the cells from toxic oxidation products.

Safety of hydroxyanthracene derivatives for use in food

The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety of hydroxyanthracene derivatives and to provide advice on a daily intake that does not give rise to concerns about harmful effects to health. Hydroxyanthracene derivatives are a class of chemical substances naturally occurring in different botanical species and used in food to improve bowel function. The ANS Panel reviewed the available scientific data on a possible relationship between hydroxyanthracene derivatives exposure and genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. On the basis of the data currently available, the Panel noted that emodin, aloe-emodin and the structurally related substance danthron have shown evidence of in vitro genotoxicity. Aloe extracts have also been shown to be genotoxic in vitro possibly due to the presence of hydroxyanthracene derivatives in the extract. Furthermore, aloe-emodin was shown to be genotoxic in vivo and the whole-leaf aloe extract and the structural analogue danthron were shown to be carcinogenic. Epidemiological data suggested an increased risk for colorectal cancer associated with the general use of laxatives, several of which contain hydroxyanthracene derivatives. Considering the possible presence of aloe-emodin and emodin in extracts, the Panel concluded that hydroxyanthracene derivatives should be considered as genotoxic and carcinogenic unless there are specific data to the contrary, such as for rhein, and that there is a safety concern for extracts containing hydroxyanthracene derivatives although uncertainty persists. The Panel was unable to provide advice on a daily intake of hydroxyanthracene derivatives that does not give rise to concerns about harmful effects to health.

Fabrication and Characterization of Magnesium Ferrite-Based PCL/Aloe Vera Nanofibers

Composite nanofibers of biopolymers and inorganic materials have been widely explored as tissue engineering scaffolds because of their superior structural, mechanical and biological properties. In this study, magnesium ferrite (Mg-ferrite) based composite nanofibers were synthesized using an electrospinning technique. Mg-ferrite nanoparticles were first synthesized using the reverse micelle method, and then blended in a mixture of polycaprolactone (PCL), a synthetic polymer, and Aloe vera, a natural polymer, to create magnetic nanofibers by electrospinning. The morphology, structural and magnetic properties, and cellular compatibility of the magnetic nanofibers were analyzed. Mg-ferrite/PCL/Aloe vera nanofibers showed good uniformity in fiber morphology, retained their structural integrity, and displayed magnetic strength. Experimental results, using cell viability assay and scanning electron microscopy imaging showed that magnetic nanofibers supported 3T3 cell viability. We believe that the new composite nanofibrous membranes developed in this study have the ability to mimic the physical structure and function of tissue extracellular matrix, as well as provide the magnetic and soluble metal ion attributes in the scaffolds with enhanced cell attachment, and thus improve tissue regeneration.