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Zhang Q, Cai Y, Zhang L, Lu M, Yang L, Wang D, Jia Q. The accumulation of active ingredients of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is associated with soil characteristics and bacterial community. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1347204. [PMID: 38559348 PMCID: PMC10978593 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1347204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction With the increasing demand for health products derived from Polygonati rhizoma (PR), people begin to artificially plant Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (P. cyrtonema) in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. To promote P. cyrtonema cultivation and increase farmers' income, efforts are needed to understand the ways to obtain high-quality PR under artificial cultivation conditions. Methods Rhizomes of artificial planting P. cyrtonema and rhizosphere soils were collected across five regions in Zhejiang Province, China. Subsequently, the contents of the main active ingredients of P. cyrtonema and soil properties were analyzed, and both rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria of P. cyrtonema were detected by 16S rDNA sequencing. The relationship between the active ingredients and soil properties, and the dominant bacteria were investigated by correlation analysis. Results The content of active ingredients of P. cyrtonema from the five regions varied significantly, especially polysaccharides and saponins. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that Proteobacteria was the dominant bacterial phylum in all samples, and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia was the main endophytic bacterial genus in rhizome. In addition, the bacterial diversity and richness of rhizosphere soil samples were higher than those of rhizome samples. Soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities were significantly different across regions, leading to notable variations in the community structures of rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria. Redundancy analysis (RDA) displayed that pH and urease (UE) were the major factors altering shifting rhizosphere bacteria community structure. Moreover, the composition and diversity of rhizome endophytic bacteria were principally affected by both soil physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities. Soil properties and bacteria from rhizosphere soil and rhizome had a considerable impact on certain active ingredients in P. cyrtonema under artificial cultivation conditions after Pearson correlation analysis. Polysaccharides were significantly correlated with nutrient-rich soil and endophytic bacteria, such as Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, and Bacillus. However, flavonoids were associated with nutrient-poor soil. Saponins were positively correlated with OM and available phosphorous (AP) and were significantly negatively affected by rhizosphere bacterial communities. Conclusion The study demonstrated that bacterial microorganisms were involved in the accumulation of active ingredients of P. cyrtonema together with soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities, which provided a theoretical basis for the scientific and effective artificial cultivation of high-quality P. cyrtonema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyou Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunzhang Cai
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luping Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei Lu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luyun Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dekai Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaojun Jia
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Unterbrink P, Schulze Zur Wiesche E, Meyer F, Fandrich P, Amaechi BT, Enax J. Prevention of Dental Caries: A Review on the Improvements of Toothpaste Formulations from 1900 to 2023. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:64. [PMID: 38534288 DOI: 10.3390/dj12030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern toothpastes are complex formulations with various ingredients. The aim of this study was to analyze the improvement of toothpaste formulations from 1900 to 2023 focusing on active ingredients with remineralizing, antibacterial, or plaque-removing effects, and to discuss their influence on caries prevention. For this, worldwide patent applications were searched using the international database Espacenet from the European Patent Office. Additionally, toothpaste products were searched using the Mintel product database from 1996 to 2023. The searched ingredients were (in alphabetical order): calcium carbonate, calcium phosphates, hydrated silica, sodium fluoride, sodium lauryl sulfate, triclosan, xylitol, and zinc salts as they are known from the scientific literature to be remineralizing or antibacterial/antiplaque agents. It was shown that the number of patent applications containing these ingredients significantly increased since the 1970s. As these ingredients have remineralizing, antibacterial, or plaque-removing effects, they all can contribute to caries prevention. In conclusion, and within the limitations of this approach, this study shows that toothpaste formulations have greatly improved over the past decades by using various active anticaries ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Unterbrink
- Research Department, Dr. August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel, Sudbrackstr. 56, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Erik Schulze Zur Wiesche
- Research Department, Dr. August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel, Sudbrackstr. 56, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Frederic Meyer
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Pascal Fandrich
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Bennett T Amaechi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Joachim Enax
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
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Zhu D, Jiang N, Wang N, Zhao Y, Liu X. A Literature Review of the Pharmacological Effects of Jujube. Foods 2024; 13:193. [PMID: 38254493 PMCID: PMC10814260 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Jujube is a plant native to China that could be used in medicine and food. Its dried fruit is a superior herb commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine formulations for its calming effect and for nourishing the blood and strengthening the spleen and stomach. Jujube contains numerous active components including polysaccharides, phenols, and triterpene acids, which show a diverse array of pharmacological activities such as neuroprotection and the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the research status of jujube over the past two decades has been statistically evaluated. Meanwhile, by tracking the latest research advances, the pharmacological efficacy and molecular mechanisms of jujube are exhaustively expounded to provide specific and systematic references for further research on the pharmacological effects of jujube and its application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqi Zhu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (N.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ning Jiang
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (N.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (N.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China (N.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China;
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Elvebakken HF, Christensen IB, Vedel C, Kjaerulff S. A proof of concept: Clinical anti-aging efficacy and safety of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LB244R® applied topically in a double-blinded placebo-controlled study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38174442 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing age of the westernized population, there is also increasing economic and aesthetic interest in reducing the signs of skin aging. Additionally, the physical aspect of aging can be displeasing and have detrimental effects psychologically in individuals. Probiotics have shown potential as anti-aging agents, albeit proper studies are needed to confirm their potential. AIMS Proving that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LB244R® could alleviate aging signs relative to its placebo vehicle. PATIENTS/METHODS In total, 46 subjects were randomly assigned either the ointment with live bacteria, L. plantarum LB244R® or its vehicle ointment, and had to use the assigned ointment twice daily for 56 days. On Day 0, Day 28, and Day 56 subepidermal low echogenic band (SLEB) thickness, dermal density, skin firmness and elasticity, skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin pH, collagen fiber visualization using confocal microscopy, Crow's feet, spot score, skin smoothness, and complexion radiance were assessed by dermatologists. RESULTS All parameters except TEWL improved relative to their baseline (D0) for the active group. L. plantarum LB244R® improved SLEB thickness, dermal density, skin elasticity, skin hydration, and Crow's feet wrinkle score relative to the placebo vehicle ointment. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates an anti-aging effect of L. plantarum LB244R® for topical skin use in the first double-blinded, vehicle-ointment placebo-controlled clinical study.
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Reis RD, da Rosa R, Pessa LR, Ruch Werneck Guimarães C. Nonclinical evaluation of a Vitis vinifera extract towards a novel antiaging cosmetic ingredient. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:3445-3458. [PMID: 37464908 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin aging is regulated by multiple physiological processes, such as oxidative stress. Natural products have been considered as a promising source of antioxidant compounds. As a result, few innovative products on the market based on natural products tackle additional underlying mechanisms of skin aging. AIMS The present work reports the nonclinical evaluation of a novel extract from the skin of V. vinifera fruits (codified as ACH37 extract), with the aim of supporting its use as an antiaging cosmetic ingredient candidate in clinical trials. METHODS We employed enzymatic, phenotypic, and gene expression assays, both in vitro and ex vivo, to investigate the action of the ACH37 extract in different biological processes that could be related to skin aging mechanisms. RESULTS The ACH37 extract was able to scavenge reactive oxygen species (DPPH, O2 - ), prevent inflammation (LPS- and UV-induced COX-2, IL-1β, and IL-8 expression), modulate extracellular matrix remodeling (inhibiting elastase, MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-12, as well as associated expression), increase telomere length, telomerase activity, and reverse the UV-induced suppression of genes involved in skin protection. In addition, the ACH37 extract permeated human skin explants and presented antioxidant efficacy ex vivo. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the ACH37 extract acts on multiple targets commonly related to skin aging, being a promising antiaging active ingredient candidate to be further investigated in clinical trials.
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Chen L, Li X, Wang Y, Guo Z, Wang G, Zhang Y. The performance of plant essential oils against lactic acid bacteria and adverse microorganisms in silage production. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1285722. [PMID: 38023889 PMCID: PMC10667483 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1285722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant essential oils have played an important role in the field of antibiotic alternatives because of their efficient bacteriostatic and fungistatic activity. As plant essential oils are widely used, their activity to improve the quality of plant silage has also been explored. This review expounds on the active ingredients of essential oils, their bacteriostatic and fungistatic activity, and mechanisms, as well as discusses the application of plant essential oils in plant silage fermentation, to provide a reference for the development and application of plant essential oils as silage additives in plant silage fermentation feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yili Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zelin Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Guoming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunhua Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Lu CM, Yang YS, Lu YM, Zhu YP, Zhang A, Lyu SC, Zhang JP. Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pills for Cardiovascular Diseases: Effects and Mechanisms. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:857-864. [PMID: 36301453 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Qishen Yiqi Dripping Pills (QSYQ) is a compound of Chinese medicine, which has been used to treat coronary heart disease and cardiac dysfunction. Its natural components include astragaloside IV, flavonoids, danshensu, protocatechualdehyde, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A, ginsenosides Rg1, ginsenosides Rb1, and essential oils, etc. It exerts effects of nourishing qi and promoting blood circulation to relieve pain. In this review, the bioactive components of QSYQ and its effects for treating cardiovascular diseases and possible mechanism were summarized, providing references for further study and clinical application of QSYQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Miao Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yu-Song Yang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yan-Min Lu
- Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Epidemiology, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, 10003, USA
| | - Shi-Chao Lyu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Jun-Ping Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
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Li W, Rang Y, Liu H, Liu C. Update on new trends and progress of natural active ingredients in the intervention of Alzheimer's disease, based on understanding of traditional Chinese and Western relevant theories: A review. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3744-3764. [PMID: 37380605 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major neurological disorders causing death in the elderly worldwide. As a neurodegenerative disease that is difficult to prevent and cure, the pathogenesis of AD is complex and there is no effective cure. A variety of natural products derived from plants have been reported to have promising anti-AD activities, including flavonoids, terpenes, phenolic acids and alkaloids, which can effectively relieve the symptoms of AD in a variety of ways. This paper mainly reviews the pharmacological activity and mechanisms of natural products against AD. Although the clinical efficacy of these plants still needs to be determined by further high-quality studies, it may also provide a basis for future researchers to study anti-AD in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Rang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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Huang S, Nan Y, Chen G, Ning N, Du Y, Lu D, Yang Y, Meng F, Yuan L. The Role and Mechanism of Perilla frutescens in Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:5883. [PMID: 37570851 PMCID: PMC10421205 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Perilla frutescens is an annual herb of the Labiatae family and is widely grown in several countries in Asia. Perilla frutescens is a plant that is used medicinally in its entirety, as seen in its subdivision into perilla seeds, perilla stalks, and perilla leaves, which vary more markedly in their chemical composition. Several studies have shown that Perilla frutescens has a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, detoxifying, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective. In the absence of a review of Perilla frutescens for the treatment of cancer. This review provides an overview of the chemical composition and molecular mechanisms of Perilla frutescens for cancer treatment. It was found that the main active components of Perilla frutescens producing cancer therapeutic effects were perilla aldehyde (PAH), rosmarinic acid (Ros A), lignan, and isoestrogen (IK). In addition to these, extracts of the leaves and fruits of Perilla frutescens are also included. Among these, perilla seed oil (PSO) has a preventive effect against colorectal cancer due to the presence of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. This review also provides new ideas and thoughts for scientific innovation and clinical applications related to Perilla frutescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yi Nan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
| | - Na Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yuhua Du
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
| | - Doudou Lu
- Clinical Medical School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Yating Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Fandi Meng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
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Silva M, Hay-Smith EJ, Graham F. Exploring the Use of the Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy and the Persuasive System Design Model in Defining Parent-Focused eHealth Interventions: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e42083. [PMID: 37342082 DOI: 10.2196/42083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxonomies and models are useful tools for defining eHealth content and intervention features, enabling comparison and analysis of research across studies and disciplines. The Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy version 1 (BCTTv1) was developed to decrease ambiguity in defining specific characteristics inherent in health interventions, but it was developed outside the context of digital technology. In contrast, the Persuasive System Design Model (PSDM) was developed to define and evaluate the persuasive content in software solutions but did not have a specific focus on health. Both the BCTTv1 and PSDM have been used to define eHealth interventions in the literature, with some researchers combining or reducing the taxonomies to simplify their application. It is unclear how well the taxonomies accurately define eHealth and whether they should be used alone or in combination. OBJECTIVE This scoping review explored how the BCTTv1 and PSDM capture the content and intervention features of parent-focused eHealth as part of a program of studies investigating the use of technology to support parents with therapy home programs for children with special health care needs. It explored the active ingredients and persuasive technology features commonly found in parent-focused eHealth interventions for children with special health care needs and how the descriptions overlap and interact with respect to the BCTTv1 and PSDM taxonomies. METHODS A scoping review was used to clarify concepts in the literature related to these taxonomies. Keywords related to parent-focused eHealth were defined and used to systematically search several electronic databases for parent-focused eHealth publications. Publications referencing the same intervention were combined to provide comprehensive intervention details. The data set was coded using codebooks developed from the taxonomies in NVivo (version 12; QSR International) and qualitatively analyzed using matrix queries. RESULTS The systematic search found 23 parent-focused eHealth interventions described in 42 articles from various countries; delivered to parents with children aged 1 to 18 years; and covering medical, behavioral, and developmental issues. The predominant active ingredients and intervention features in parent-focused eHealth were concerned with teaching parents behavioral skills, encouraging them to practice and monitor the new skills, and tracking the outcomes of performing the new skills. No category had a complete set of active ingredients or intervention features coded. The two taxonomies conceptually captured different constructs even when their labels appeared to overlap in meaning. In addition, coding by category missed important active ingredients and intervention features. CONCLUSIONS The taxonomies were found to code different constructs related to behavior change and persuasive technology, discouraging the merging or reduction of the taxonomies. This scoping review highlighted the benefit of using both taxonomies in their entirety to capture active ingredients and intervention features important for comparing and analyzing eHealth across different studies and disciplines. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-doi.org/10.15619/nzjp/47.1.05.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy Silva
- Rehabilitation Teaching and Research Unit, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - E Jean Hay-Smith
- Rehabilitation Teaching and Research Unit, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Fiona Graham
- Rehabilitation Teaching and Research Unit, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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Rhee CH, Lee HS, Yun HJ, Lee GH, Kim SJ, Song S, Lee MH, Her M, Jeong W. Chemical stability of active ingredients in diluted veterinary disinfectant solutions under simulated storage conditions. Front Chem 2023; 11:1204477. [PMID: 37398983 PMCID: PMC10311561 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1204477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The product labels of veterinary disinfectants specify their expiration dates to prevent the use of outdated products, as these may result in disinfection and biosecurity failures during outbreak situations. However, a clear standard for the storage conditions of diluted disinfectant solutions has not yet been established, and the effects of storage conditions have scarcely been investigated. To fill this research gap, our study examined the stability of the active ingredients of diluted veterinary disinfectants based on their change in concentrations when stored at various temperatures for various time periods. Methods: Twenty veterinary disinfectants effective against either foot-and-mouth disease or avian influenza viruses were selected. The disinfectants were diluted to effective concentrations following the manufacturer's instructions. Using selective analytical techniques, the concentrations of the active ingredients of the samples that had been stored for varying intervals at different temperatures (4, 20, 30, and 45°C) were determined. These samples included soaps and detergents, acids, oxidizing agents, aldehydes, and copper compounds. The active ingredient concentrations of two of the samples were determined following freezing/thawing cycle, to establish their stability when exposed to simulated winter conditions. Results: Our results showed that most of the active ingredients had concentrations of 90% or greater of their initial concentrations, indicating ≥90% stability over a 21-day period under the experimental storage conditions. However, there were some exceptions. Glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, and malic acid are over 90% stable at ≤ 30°C for 21 days, but their concentrations decreased to below 90% of their initial concentrations at 45°C, indicating a decline in stability when stored at 45°C for 21 days. The concentrations of potassium peroxymonosulfate and peracetic acid rapidly declined with increasing time and temperature to less than 90% of their initial concentrations. Discussion: Based on our findings, we propose that diluted disinfectant solutions should preferably be prepared daily. However, if the daily preparation of a diluted disinfectant solution is not feasible, then our results can be used as a reference, providing basic scientific data on the chemical stability of diluted disinfectant solutions commonly used in the veterinary field, thus indicating suitable storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Hong Rhee
- Veterinary Drugs and Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-sook Lee
- Korea Animal Health Products Association, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-jun Yun
- Korea Animal Health Products Association, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hee Lee
- Korea Animal Health Products Association, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Kim
- Veterinary Drugs and Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sok Song
- Veterinary Drugs and Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Heon Lee
- Veterinary Drugs and Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Her
- Veterinary Drugs and Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseog Jeong
- Veterinary Drugs and Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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12
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Xu JW. Editorial: TCM approaches in cellular endocrinology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1220835. [PMID: 37378025 PMCID: PMC10292213 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1220835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
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13
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Yan MQ, Feng J, Liu YF, Hu DM, Zhang JS. Functional Components from the Liquid Fermentation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi and Their Food Applications in China. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102086. [PMID: 37238904 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional raw materials rich in various effective nutrients and active ingredients that are of stable quality can be obtained from the liquid fermentation of edible and medicinal fungi. In this review, we systematically summarize the main findings of this comparative study that compared the components and efficacy of liquid fermented products from edible and medicinal fungi with those from cultivated fruiting bodies. Additionally, we present the methods used in the study to obtain and analyze the liquid fermented products. The application of these liquid fermented products in the food industry is also discussed. With the potential breakthrough of liquid fermentation technology and the continued development of these products, our findings can serve as a reference for further utilization of liquid fermented products derived from edible and medicinal fungi. Further exploration of liquid fermentation technology is necessary to optimize the production of functional components from edible and medicinal fungi, and to enhance their bioactivity and safety. Investigation of the potential synergistic effects of combining liquid fermented products with other food ingredients is also necessary to enhance their nutritional values and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qiu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. China, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. China, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Yan-Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. China, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Dian-Ming Hu
- Bioengineering and Technological Research Centre for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jing-Song Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. China, Shanghai 201403, China
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14
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Liang X, Zhou K, Li P, Wan D, Liu J, Yi X, Peng Y. Characteristics of endophytic bacteria and active ingredients in the Eucommiae cortex from different origins. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1164674. [PMID: 37266017 PMCID: PMC10229866 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1164674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the differences between Eucommiae cortex (EC) endophytic bacteria from different origins and their effects on the active ingredients of EC. Methods A total of 10 samples of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (E. ulmoides) bark were collected from each of the following four regions, namely, Zunyi in Guizhou (GZ), Baokang in Hubei (HUB), Cili in Hunan (HUN), and Loyang in Shaanxi (SX). Subsequently, the contents of the main active ingredients of EC were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), and the endophytic bacteria of EC were detected by 16S rRNA sequencing. The relationship between the dominant endophytic bacteria and the active ingredients was investigated by correlation analysis. Results A total of 4,551 different operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were delineated in the four groups of samples, of which 585, 439, 957, and 684 genera were annotated from GZ, HUB, HUN, and SX, respectively. The richness and diversity of endophytic bacteria from different origins were ranked as HUN > SX > GZ or HUB. The analysis demonstrated that there was no significant correlation between the diversity and richness of endophytic bacteria in EC and its active ingredients. Nevertheless, notable variations in the community structures of endophytic bacteria were observed across different origins, and they had a considerable impact on certain active ingredients in EC. Comamonas and Cedecea were the dominant genera. Characteristic bacteria of different origins could be clearly distinguished. Simultaneous, significant correlations had been identified between some characteristic endophytic bacteria derived from different origins and active ingredients of EC. For example, Delftia, a characteristic bacterium from GZ, showed a significant positive correlation with pinoresinol diglucoside. Paenibacillus and Klebsiella, two characteristic bacteria from HUB, exhibited significant positive correlations with geniposidic acid. Thauera, a characteristic bacterium from HUN, demonstrated a significant positive correlation with geniposide. Brevundimonas, a characteristic bacterium from SX, displayed a significant positive correlation with pinoresinol diglucoside. Conclusion There was a complex correlation between EC endophytic bacteria and active ingredient content, while EC endophytic bacteria from different origins had significant differences at the genus level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Liang
- Innovative Medicine Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Kang Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Penghui Li
- Innovative Medicine Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Wan
- Innovative Medicine Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Yi
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yanmei Peng
- Innovative Medicine Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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15
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Zhu L, Li M, Yang W, Zhang J, Yang X, Zhang Q, Wang H. Effects of Different Drying Methods on Drying Characteristics and Quality of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Licorice). Foods 2023; 12:foods12081652. [PMID: 37107448 PMCID: PMC10137839 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Large amounts of waste result from licorice mold rot; moreover, prompt drying directly influences product quality and value. This study compared various glycyrrhiza drying methods (Hot air drying (HAD), infrared combined hot air drying (IR-HAD), vacuum freeze drying (VFD), microwave vacuum drying (MVD), and vacuum pulsation drying (VPD)) that are used in the processing of traditional Chinese medicine. To investigate the effects of various drying methods on the drying characteristics and internal quality of licorice slices, their color, browning, total phenol, total flavonoid, and active components (liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid) were chosen as qualitative and quantitative evaluation indices. Our results revealed that VFD had the longest drying time, but it could effectively maintain the contents of total phenol, total flavonoid, and liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid. The results also showed that VFD samples had the best color and the lowest degree of browning, followed by HAD, IR-HAD, and VPD. We think that VFD is the best approach to ensure that licorice is dry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Zhu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Mengqing Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Wenxin Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Junyi Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Xuhai Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Engineering Research Center for Production Mechanization of Oasis Special Economic Crop, Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Machinery, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Engineering Research Center for Production Mechanization of Oasis Special Economic Crop, Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832003, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Machinery, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Huting Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
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16
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Zheng H, Fu X, Shao J, Tang Y, Yu M, Li L, Huang L, Tang K. Transcriptional regulatory network of high-value active ingredients in medicinal plants. Trends Plant Sci 2023; 28:429-446. [PMID: 36621413 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
High-value active ingredients in medicinal plants have attracted research attention because of their benefits for human health, such as the antimalarial artemisinin, anticardiovascular disease tanshinones, and anticancer Taxol and vinblastine. Here, we review how hormones and environmental factors promote the accumulation of active ingredients, thereby providing a strategy to produce high-value drugs at a low cost. Focusing on major hormone signaling events and environmental factors, we review the transcriptional regulatory network mediating biosynthesis of representative active ingredients. In this network, many transcription factors (TFs) simultaneously control multiple synthase genes; thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms affecting transcriptional regulation of active ingredients will be crucial to developing new breeding possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zheng
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xueqing Fu
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jin Shao
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yueli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre,School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Muyao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ling Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Kexuan Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre,School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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17
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Tian S, Zhang J, Yuan S, Wang Q, Lv C, Wang J, Fang J, Fu L, Yang J, Zu X, Zhao J, Zhang W. Exploring pharmacological active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine by pharmacotranscriptomic map in ITCM. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:7017365. [PMID: 36719094 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of high-throughput technologies, computational screening based on gene expression profiles has become one of the most effective methods for drug discovery. More importantly, profile-based approaches remarkably enhance novel drug-disease pair discovery without relying on drug- or disease-specific prior knowledge, which has been widely used in modern medicine. However, profile-based systematic screening of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been scarcely performed due to inadequate pharmacotranscriptomic data. Here, we develop the largest-to-date online TCM active ingredients-based pharmacotranscriptomic platform integrated traditional Chinese medicine (ITCM) for the effective screening of active ingredients. First, we performed unified high-throughput experiments and constructed the largest data repository of 496 representative active ingredients, which was five times larger than the previous one built by our team. The transcriptome-based multi-scale analysis was also performed to elucidate their mechanism. Then, we developed six state-of-art signature search methods to screen active ingredients and determine the optimal signature size for all methods. Moreover, we integrated them into a screening strategy, TCM-Query, to identify the potential active ingredients for the special disease. In addition, we also comprehensively collected the TCM-related resource by literature mining. Finally, we applied ITCM to an active ingredient bavachinin, and two diseases, including prostate cancer and COVID-19, to demonstrate the power of drug discovery. ITCM was aimed to comprehensively explore the active ingredients of TCM and boost studies of pharmacological action and drug discovery. ITCM is available at http://itcm.biotcm.net.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Rehabilitation Center of Joint Logistics Support Force, Tianjin, 300110, China
| | - Shunling Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qun Wang
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Lv
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xianpeng Zu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Lee DH, Kwak HJ, Shin Y, Kim SJ, Lee GH, Park IH, Kim SH, Kang KS. Elucidation of Phytochemicals Affecting Platelet Responsiveness in Dangguisu-san: Active Ingredient Prediction and Experimental Research Using Network Pharmacology. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1120. [PMID: 36903980 PMCID: PMC10005453 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived phytochemicals are emerging as novel agents for protection against chronic disorders. Dangguisu-san is a herbal prescription to invigorate the blood and relieve pain. Among the numerous active constituents of Dangguisu-san, those expected to be effective at inhibiting platelet aggregation were predicted using a network pharmacological method, and their efficacy was experimentally demonstrated. All four identified chemical components, namely chrysoeriol, apigenin, luteolin, and sappanchalcone, suppressed the aggregation of platelets to a certain extent. However, we report, for the first time, that chrysoeriol acts as a strong inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Although additional in vivo studies are needed, among the complex constituents of herbal medicines, the components that exert an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation were predicted using a network pharmacological method and experimentally confirmed with human platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ha Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Namseoul University, Cheonan 31020, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jae Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghee Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Hee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Namseoul University, Cheonan 31020, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Ho Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
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19
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Wang L, Wei T, Zheng L, Jiang F, Ma W, Lu M, Wu X, An H. Recent Advances on Main Active Ingredients, Pharmacological Activities of Rosa roxbughii and Its Development and Utilization. Foods 2023; 12. [PMID: 36900567 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosa roxburghii tratt (R. roxburghii) is an important plant resource that is widely distributed in the southwest of China and favored by consumers due to its high nutritional value and healthy functions. Meanwhile, it is a traditional edible and medicinal plant in China. With the deepening research of R. roxburghii, more and more bioactive components and its health care and medicinal value have been discovered and developed in recent years. This review summarizes and discusses the recent advances on main active ingredients such as vitamin, protein, amino acid, superoxide dismutase, polysaccharide, polyphenol, flavonoid, triterpenoid and mineral, and pharmacological activities including antioxidant activity, immunomodulatory activity, anti-tumor activity, glucose and lipid metabolism regulation, anti-radiation effect, detoxification effect, and viscera protection of R. roxbughii, as well as its development and utilization. The research status and existing problems of R. roxburghii development and quality control are also briefly introduced. This review ends with some suggestions on the perspectives and directions for future research and potential applications of R. roxbughii.
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20
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Wang Z, Liu X, Wang J, Fan Z, Shen J, Chen Y, Shao Q, Zheng Y. Effect of Flowering Stages on the Content of Active Ingredients and Antioxidant Capability of Bletilla striata Flowers. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200773. [PMID: 36629332 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f. is a perennial herb with abundant active ingredients. Previous research mainly focused on its tubers, however, the study on flowers, especially the variation of active ingredient contents at different flowering stages, was rarely seen. This study analyzed the total phenols, flavonoids, polysaccharides, anthocyanins, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside content of B. striata flowers which were in cultivated in Herb Garden of Zhejiang A&F University and collected in May, 2019, in order to investigate the changes in active ingredients and antioxidant capacity among different flowering stages (bud, initial, and full bloom). Changes in radical scavenging capability of DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical), ABTS (2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate)), and hydroxy were analyzed. Significant differences in active ingredient content of flowers were detected among different flowering stages. The total phenolic content increased continuously during the entire flowering stage. The contents of total flavonoid, total polysaccharide, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside reached peaks at the initial blooming stage and then fell as the flowering process continued. The antioxidant activity in initial stage was the highest than in any other flowering stages. Therefore, we conclude that the initial blooming stage is the best harvesting stage of B. striata flowers. This study provides a robust basis for the harvest and utilization of B. striata flowers in food, medical, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xinting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zepeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Jiayu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yuanxing Chen
- Forestry Bureau of Yongding District, Longyan, 361000, China
| | - Qingsong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
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21
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Fan S, Xu Y, Qiu F, Liu J, Pan T, Li K, Li B, Diao Y. Bioinformatics-based and molecular docking study on the mechanism of action of Galla chinensis in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:387-402. [PMID: 35661413 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Based on transcriptome sequencing and molecular biology, the active ingredient of Galla chinensis in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers was identified, and its mechanism of action was analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Taowen Pan
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China.,Dalian Anti-infective Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Engineering Technology Research Center, China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yunpeng Diao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Dalian Anti-infective Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Engineering Technology Research Center, China
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22
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Zhou X, Zhao Y, Dai L, Xu G. Bacillus subtilis and Bifidobacteria bifidum Fermentation Effects on Various Active Ingredient Contents in Cornus officinalis Fruit. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031032. [PMID: 36770698 PMCID: PMC9920020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial fermentation has been widely used to improve the quality and functional composition of food and edibles; however, the approach has rarely been applied to traditional Chinese medicines. In this study, to understand the effect of microbial fermentation on the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines, we used Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bacillus subtilis to ferment the traditional Chinese medicine, Cornus officinalis fruit (COF), and determined the levels of active ingredients using HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). According to the results, both B. subtilis and B. bifidum substantially increased the amount of gallic acid in the COF culture broth after fermentation; however, the two species of bacteria had no effect on the loganin content. Moreover, the B. subtilis fermentation reduced the contents of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in the COF broth, whereas the B. bifidum fermentation did not. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanism by which microbial fermentation alters the active ingredient levels of traditional Chinese medicines, and suggests that fermentation may potentially improve their functional ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuren Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan Road 90#, Xinxiang 453002, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-373-3040337
| | - Yimin Zhao
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Changgang Road 189#, Nanning 530010, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan Road 90#, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Hualan Road 90#, Xinxiang 453002, China
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Zhang Y, Liu Q, Sun Y, Jiang J. Inonotus obliquus sclerotia epidermis were different from internal tissues in compound composition, antioxidant activity, and associated fungi. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad126. [PMID: 38017614 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inonotus obliquus is a medicinal fungus with potential for use in various health applications. To better utilize this fungus, this study focused on epidermis and internal tissues of five sclerotia from different regions in Jilin, Inner Mongolia, and Heilongjiang, examining their polyphenols, polysaccharides, flavonoids, and total triterpenes contents. And evaluated the extracts from sclerotia for their total antioxidant capacity and scavenging ability of DPPH free radicals. The study also isolated the associated fungi from the epidermis and internal tissues of three sclerotia. Results revealed that the polyphenol content was higher in the epidermis than in internal tissue of every sclerotium. However, flavonoid and total triterpenoid content was lower in the epidermis of every sclerotium. The polysaccharide content was no significant in different parts of three sclerotia, but the epidermal polysaccharide content in two sclerotia was significantly higher than in internal tissues. The internal tissue extracts from tested sclerotia exhibited better scavenging ability of DPPH free radicals than those from the epidermis. There was no significant difference in total antioxidant capacity among different parts of three sclerotia, and the internal tissues' total antioxidant capacity in two sclerotia was higher than the epidermis. The number and species of associated fungi in the internal tissues were far less than that in the epidermis. The study suggests separating the epidermis and internal tissue for medicinal use. The research provides insights into the bioactive components and associated fungi of I. obliquus to inform its practical application in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jihong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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Du X, Lou N, Hu S, Xiao R, Chu C, Huang Q, Lu L, Li S, Yang J. Anti-Aging of the Nervous System and Related Neurodegenerative Diseases With Chinese Herbal Medicine. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2023; 38:15333175231205445. [PMID: 37818604 PMCID: PMC10624054 DOI: 10.1177/15333175231205445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Human beings have always pursued a prolonged lifespan, while the aging of the nervous system is associated with a large variety of diseases. Pathological aging of the nervous system results in a series of neurodegenerative diseases and can cause disability and death in the elderly. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the prevention and treatment of nervous system aging. Chinese herbal medicines have a long history, featuring rich and safe ingredients, and have great potential for the development of anti-aging treatment. We searched the publications on PubMed with key words "anti-aging of the nervous system" and "Chinese herbal medicine" in recent 10 years, and found sixteen Chinese herbal medicines. Then by comparing their popularity of use as well as active components based on the research articles, five common Chinese herbal medicines namely Ginseng Radix, Lycii Fructus, Astragali Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma and Ginkgo Folium, were confirmed to be the most related to anti-nervous system aging and neural degenerative diseases. At the same time, the active ingredients, research models, action mechanisms and curative effects of these five common Chinese herbal medicines were reviewed. From the five common Chinese herbal medicines reviewed in this paper, many encouraging effects of Chinese herbal medicines on treating nervous system aging and related diseases were revealed and more potent herbs would be explored with the help of the proposed possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nanbin Lou
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sinan Hu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruopeng Xiao
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiankai Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Li Z, Qin C, He X, Chen B, Tang J, Liu G, Li L, Yang Y, Ye D, Li J, Ling D, Li C, Khoo HE, Sun J. Development of Green Banana Fruit Wines: Chemical Compositions and In Vitro Antioxidative Activities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 36670954 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop functional fruit wines using whole fruit, pulp, and peels from green bananas. The boiled banana homogenates were mixed with cane sugar before wine fermentation. Quality parameters, phenolic compounds, flavor components, and antioxidative properties of the green banana peel wine (GBPW), green banana pulp wine (GBMW), and whole banana wine (GBW) were determined. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the phytochemical compounds in three wines, and the flavor components were further analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The flavor components and in vitro antioxidant activities were, respectively, determined using the relative odor activity value and the orthogonal projections on latent structure discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). In vitro antioxidative capacities for these wines were evaluated using antioxidant chemical assays and cell culture methods. The total phenolic and total tannin content of the GBPW, GBMW, and GBW showed reducing trends with increasing fermentation days, whereas the total flavonoid content of the wine samples exhibited downward trends. The antioxidant capacities of the three wine samples were higher than those of the raw fruit samples, except for the metal chelation rate (%). Additionally, the main flavor component in the wine samples was 3-methyl-1-butanol. Its percentages in the GBPW, GBMW, and GBW were 72.02%, 54.04%, and 76.49%, respectively. The OPLS-DA results indicated that the three wines presented significantly different antioxidant activities. The cell-culture-based antioxidant analysis showed that these wine samples had protective effects against the oxidative stress of the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes induced by hydrogen peroxide. This study provided a theoretical basis for defining the antioxidant characteristics of banana wines and expanding novel channels for using banana peels to develop nutraceuticals.
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Li Z, Qin C, He X, Chen B, Tang J, Liu G, Li L, Yang Y, Ye D, Li J, Ling D, Li C, Khoo HE, Sun J. Development of Green Banana Fruit Wines: Chemical Compositions and In Vitro Antioxidative Activities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 36670954 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop functional fruit wines using whole fruit, pulp, and peels from green bananas. The boiled banana homogenates were mixed with cane sugar before wine fermentation. Quality parameters, phenolic compounds, flavor components, and antioxidative properties of the green banana peel wine (GBPW), green banana pulp wine (GBMW), and whole banana wine (GBW) were determined. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the phytochemical compounds in three wines, and the flavor components were further analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The flavor components and in vitro antioxidant activities were, respectively, determined using the relative odor activity value and the orthogonal projections on latent structure discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). In vitro antioxidative capacities for these wines were evaluated using antioxidant chemical assays and cell culture methods. The total phenolic and total tannin content of the GBPW, GBMW, and GBW showed reducing trends with increasing fermentation days, whereas the total flavonoid content of the wine samples exhibited downward trends. The antioxidant capacities of the three wine samples were higher than those of the raw fruit samples, except for the metal chelation rate (%). Additionally, the main flavor component in the wine samples was 3-methyl-1-butanol. Its percentages in the GBPW, GBMW, and GBW were 72.02%, 54.04%, and 76.49%, respectively. The OPLS-DA results indicated that the three wines presented significantly different antioxidant activities. The cell-culture-based antioxidant analysis showed that these wine samples had protective effects against the oxidative stress of the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes induced by hydrogen peroxide. This study provided a theoretical basis for defining the antioxidant characteristics of banana wines and expanding novel channels for using banana peels to develop nutraceuticals.
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27
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Su Q, Zhao X, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zeng Z, Cui H, Wang C. Nano Functional Food: Opportunities, Development, and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010234. [PMID: 36613678 PMCID: PMC9820276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional food is a kind of food with special physiological effects that can improve health status or reduce illness. However, the active ingredients in functional foods are usually very low due to the instability and easy degradation of some nutrients. Therefore, improving the utilization rate of the effective ingredients in functional food has become the key problem. Nanomaterials have been widely used and studied in many fields due to their small size effect, high specific surface area, high target activity, and other characteristics. Therefore, it is a feasible method to process and modify functional food using nanotechnology. In this review, we summarize the nanoparticle delivery system and the food nanotechnology in the field of functional food. We also summarize and prospect the application, basic principle, and latest development of nano-functional food and put forward corresponding views.
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Pan BW, Xiao JW, Li SM, Yang X, Zhou X, Sun QW, Chen M, Xie SX, Sakharkar MK, Yang J, Zhou Y, Wei Y. Inhibitors of HIV-1 and Cathepsin L Proteases Identified from the Insect Gall of Hypericum kouytchense. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15. [PMID: 36558950 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypericum kouytchense Lévl is a semi-evergreen plant of the Hypericaceae family. Its roots and seeds have been used in a number of traditional remedies for antipyretic, detoxification, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral functions. However, to date, no bioactivity compounds have been characterized from the insect gall of H. kouytchens. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activities of different extracts from the insect gall of H. kouytchen against cathepsin L, HIV-1 and renin proteases and identified the active ingredients using UPLC-HRMS. Four different polar extracts (HW, H30, H60 and H85) of the H. kouytchense insect gall exhibited antiviral activities with IC50 values of 10.0, 4.0, 3.2 and 17.0 µg/mL against HIV-1 protease; 210.0, 34.0, 24.0 and 30.0 µg/mL against cathepsin L protease; and 180.0, 65.0, 44.0 and 39.0 µg/mL against human renin, respectively. Ten compounds were identified and quantified in the H. kouytchense insect gall extracts. Epicatechin, eriodictyol and naringenin chalcone were major ingredients in the extracts with contents ranging from 3.9 to 479.2 µg/mg. For HIV-1 protease, seven compounds showed more than 65% inhibition at a concentration of 1000.0 µg/mL, especially for hypericin and naringenin chalcone with IC50 values of 1.8 and 33.0 µg/mL, respectively. However, only hypericin was active against cathepsin L protease with an IC50 value of 17100.0 µg/mL, and its contents were from 0.99 to 11.65 µg/mg. Furthermore, we attempted to pinpoint the interactions between the active compounds and the proteases using molecular docking analysis. Our current results imply that the extracts and active ingredients could be further formulated and/or developed for potential prevention and treatment of HIV or SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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Shu YH, Zhu YR, Zheng YK, Cheng HB, Chen YZ, Tu JY, Wang GZ. [ Active ingredients and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix decoction pieces by integrated processing and traditional processing: a comparative analysis]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:3495-3500. [PMID: 35850801 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20211220.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study explored the differences in active ingredients and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of the decoction pieces by integrated processing(IPDP) and traditional processing(TPDP) of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix(PCRER).The content of polydatin, resveratrol, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin, and physcion in IPDP and TPDP was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The inflammation model was induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in RAW264.7 cells.The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in 60% ethanol extracts of IPDP and TPDP of different concentrations(5 and 10 μg·mL~(-1)) were determined by PCR.The results showed that the content of polydatin and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside in IPDP was significantly higher than that in TPDP, while the content of resveratrol, emodin, and physcion was higher in TPDP.The anti-inflammatory results showed that ethanol extracts of IPDP of different concentrations(5 and 10 μg·mL~(-1)) significantly inhibited the increase in the mRNA levels of IL-1β and TNF-α induced by LPS, whereas TPDP only had a significant inhibitory effect on IL-1β.This study preliminarily showed that the total content of five active ingredients in IPDP was higher than that in TPDP, and IPDP was superior to TPDP in anti-inflammatory activity in vitro, which provided an experimental basis for the production and application of IPDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hang Shu
- Pharmacy Faculty, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ying-Rui Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Wuhan 430021, China
| | - Yu-Kun Zheng
- Pharmacy Faculty, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Huan-Bo Cheng
- Pharmacy Faculty, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yun-Zhong Chen
- Pharmacy Faculty, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Tu
- Pharmacy Faculty, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Guang-Zhong Wang
- Pharmacy Faculty, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065, China
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30
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Li J, Feng S, Liu X, Jia X, Qiao F, Guo J, Deng S. Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine and its Active Ingredients on Drug-Resistant Bacteria. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:837907. [PMID: 35721131 PMCID: PMC9204478 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.837907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing and widespread application of antibacterial drugs makes antibiotic resistance a prominent and growing concern in clinical practice. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria presents a global threat. However, the development and use of novel antibacterial agents involves time-consuming and costly challenges that may lead to yet further drug resistance. More recently, researchers have turned to traditional Chinese medicine to stem the rise of antibiotic resistance in pathogens. Many studies have shown traditional Chinese medicines to have significant bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, with the advantage of low drug resistance. Some of which when combined with antibiotics, have also demonstrated antibacterial activity by synergistic effect. Traditional Chinese medicine has a variety of active components, including flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, and quinones, which can inhibit the growth of drug-resistant bacteria and be used in combination with a variety of antibiotics to treat various drug-resistant bacterial infections. We reviewed the interaction between the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. At present, flavonoids and alkaloids are the active ingredients that have been most widely studied, with significant synergistic activity demonstrated when used in combination with antibiotics against drug-resistant bacteria. The reviewed studies show that traditional Chinese medicine and its active ingredients have antimicrobial activity on antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which may enhance the susceptibility of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, potentially reduce the required dosage of antibacterial agents and the rate of drug resistance. Our results provide direction for finding and developing alternative methods to counteract drug-resistant bacteria, offering a new therapeutic strategy for tackling antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Non-Coding RNA and Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Jia
- Non-Coding RNA and Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengling Qiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Systematic Research of Distinctive Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Deng
- Non-Coding RNA and Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Wang JJ, Yuan JM, Wang LY, Li Y, Ren MH, Li HY, Gong DY, Wang J. [Mechanism of Huanglian Houpo Decoction in treatment of ulcerative colitis in mice based on brain-gut axis]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:3038-3048. [PMID: 35718528 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20211216.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on the brain-gut axis, the present study investigated the effect of Huanglian Houpo Decoction(HLHPD) in the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC) and explored the mechanism in the regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), substance P(SP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) using modern technologies and molecular docking. Sixty male C57 BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model group, a sulfasalazine(SASP) group, and high-(5.00 g·kg~(-1)), medium-(2.50 g·kg~(-1)), and low-dose(1.25 g·kg~(-1)) HLHPD groups. The UC model was induced by oral administration of water containing 3% dextran sulfate sodium salt(DSS) in mice except those in the blank control group. After HLHPD was administered for 10 days, the mice were sacrificed for sample collection. Morphological changes of colon tissues were observed by HE staining. The expression of 5-HT, SP, VIP, tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in the hypothalamus, serum, and colon was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1), SP, and VIP in colon tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The expression of brain-gut peptide receptors, such as 5-HT3 A, neurokinin receptor 1(NK-1 R), and VIP receptor 1(VPAC1) in colon tissues was investigated by Western blot. The binding affinity of the brain-gut peptide receptors to the main components of HLHPD was analyzed by molecular docking. After HLHPD intervention, UC mice showed increased body weight, reduced DAI score and occult blood, prolonged colon, down-regulated levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in colon tissues, and relieved pathological damage in the colon. The VIP levels in the colon were significantly up-regulated in the HLHPD groups. The high-and medium-dose HLHPD could significantly down-regulated SP and 5-HT in colon tissues and 5-HT in the serum, and up-regulated the VIP in the serum. The high-dose HLHPD group could down-regulate 5-HT and up-regulate VIP in the hypothalamus. It is suggested that HLHPD can reverse the levels of brain-gut peptides in UC mice to varying degrees. Correlation analysis results suggested that the expression levels of brain-gut peptides in the hypothalamus, serum, and colon tissues were related to inflammatory factors. Molecular docking results showed that berberine, coptisine, and epiberberine were presumedly the material basis for HLHPD in regulating the levels of 5-HT3 A, NK-1 R, and VPAC1. The main components of HLHPD may reduce colonic inflammation and pathological damage of colon tissues by regulating the activity of brain-gut peptides and their receptors, thereby reducing DSS-induced colitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611100,China
| | - Jian-Mei Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611100,China
| | - Li-Ying Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611100,China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611100,China
| | - Mi-Hong Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611100,China
| | - Hong-Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611100,China
| | - Dao-Yin Gong
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611100,China
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Vander Stichele R, Kalra D. Aggregations of Substance in Virtual Drug Models Based on ISO/CEN Standards for Identification of Medicinal Products (IDMP). Stud Health Technol Inform 2022; 294:377-381. [PMID: 35612100 DOI: 10.3233/shti220478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study representation of chemical substances in IDMP is reviewed, with an exploration of aggregation levels for substance used in the virtual drug data models of RxNorm, SNOMED-CT, ATC/INN, and the Belgian SAM database, for products with a single substance and combinations of substances. Active moiety and available solid states forms are explored for diclofenac, amoxicillin, carbamazepine, amlodipine, with regard to their representation in coding systems such as WHODrug, SMS, UNII, CAS, and SNOMED-CT. By counting the number of medicinal products in Belgium for amlodipine in each level of aggregation, concepts for grouper of substances and two levels of grouper of medicinal products are illustrated. Recommendations are made for the further development of IDMP and its link to international drug classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dipak Kalra
- European Institute for Innovation through Health Data, Belgium
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Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI) is closely associated with various chronic diseases. Researchers have paid attention to the comprehensive application and development of food materials with potential anti-inflammatory activity. Owing to their abundant nutrients and biological activities, coarse cereals have emerged as an important component of human diet. Increasing evidence has revealed their potential protective effects against CLGI in chronic conditions. However, this property has not been systematically discussed and summarized. In the present work, numerous published reports were reviewed to systematically analyze and summarize the protective effects of coarse cereals and their main active ingredients against CLGI. Their current utilization state was investigated. The future prospects, such as the synergistic effects among the active compounds in coarse cereals and the biomarker signatures of CLGI, were also discussed. Coarse cereals show promise as food diet resources for preventing CLGI in diseased individuals. Their active ingredients, including β-glucan, resistant starch, arabinoxylan, phenolic acids, flavonoids, phytosterols and lignans, function against CLGI through multiple possible intracellular signaling pathways and immunomodulatory effects. Therefore, coarse cereals play a crucial role in the food industry due to their health effects on chronic diseases and are worthy of further development for possible application in modulating chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhu Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Linshu Jiao
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Liqing Yin
- Institute of Agricultural Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xianjin Liu
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Baiyi Lu
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro-Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Lin PP, Chen MZ, Zhang Y. [Hypoglycemic mechanism of Psoraleae Fructus and its main chemical constituents]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:2392-2399. [PMID: 35531686 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20211229.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the rise of incidence, fatality rate, and number of young cases, diabetes mellitus has been one of the seven major diseases threatening human health. Although many antidiabetic drugs(oral or for injection) are available, the majority have serious side effects during the long-term use. Thus, it is of particularly vital to develop new drugs with low risk and definite effect. Psoraleae Fructus, a traditional medicinal widely used in the folk, has hypoglycemic, anti-osteoporosis, antitumor, estrogen-like, and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, it has great clinical application potential. Chinese medicine and the active ingredients, characterized by multiple targets, multiple pathways, and multiple effects in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, have distinct advantages in clinical application. However, the safety of Chinese medicine remains to be a challenge, and one of keys is to clarifying the mechanism of a single Chinese medicinal and its active ingredients. With the method of literature research, this study summarized and analyzed the hypoglycemic mechanisms of Psoraleae Fructus and its main active ingredients over the last decade: regulating glucose metabolism, improving insulin resistance, and directly acting on pancreatic β-cells. The result is expected to serve as a reference for further research on the effects of Psoraleae Fructus and its main chemical constituents in lowering blood glucose and preventing diabetes mellitus and the clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ping Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Quanzhou 362000, China College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Quanzhou Medical College Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Quanzhou 362000, China
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Khaksarian M, Bahmani M, Taherikalani M, Ashrafi B, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Abbasi N. Biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Hypericum perforatum and Origanum vulgare extracts and their main components, hypericin and carvacrol as promising antibacterial agents. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2022; 42:167-175. [PMID: 35473336 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-bacterial activities of titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles of Origanum (O.) vulgare and Hypericum (H.) perforatum extracts, carvacrol and hypericin against Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. METHODS In this study, TiOnanoparticles of O. vulgare and H. perforatum extracts, carvacrol and hypericin, were prepared and their antibacterial effects were evaluated against Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. In this study, scanning electron microscope, fourier transform infrared spectrometer, atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential were used to investigate the structure of synthesized drugs. RESULTS Anti-bacterial activity of synthesized NPs was tested by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration and disc diffusion method. MICs of TiO-NPs synthesized using O. vulgare, H. perforatum, carvacrol and hypericin and TiO were obtained 250, 62.5, 250, and 250, and 500 μg/mL, respectively. The MBCs for all of these were obtained 1000 μg/mL. CONCLUSION Green-synthesized of TiO nanoparticles provides a promising approach to the use of O. vulgare and H. perforatum, carvacrol and hypericin as novel agents and safer antibacterial compounds, especially anti-S. aureus compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Khaksarian
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Bahmani
- Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Morovat Taherikalani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Behnam Ashrafi
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Naser Abbasi
- Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine
- Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Hoang NH, Le Thanh T, Sangpueak R, Treekoon J, Saengchan C, Thepbandit W, Papathoti NK, Kamkaew A, Buensanteai N. Chitosan Nanoparticles-Based Ionic Gelation Method: A Promising Candidate for Plant Disease Management. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040662. [PMID: 35215574 PMCID: PMC8876194 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
By 2050, population growth and climate change will lead to increased demand for food and water. Nanoparticles (NPs), an advanced technology, can be applied to many areas of agriculture, including crop protection and growth enhancement, to build sustainable agricultural production. Ionic gelation method is a synthesis of microparticles or NPs, based on an electrostatic interaction between opposite charge types that contains at least one polymer under mechanical stirring conditions. NPs, which are commonly based on chitosan (CS), have been applied to many agricultural fields, including nanopesticides, nanofertilizers, and nanoherbicides. The CS-NP or CS-NPs-loaded active ingredients (Cu, saponin, harpin, Zn, hexaconazole, salicylic acid (SA), NPK, thiamine, silicon, and silver (Ag)) are effective in controlling plant diseases and enhancing plant growth, depending on the concentration and application method by direct and indirect mechanisms, and have attracted much attention in the last five years. Many crops have been evaluated in in vivo or in greenhouse conditions but only maize (CS-NP-loaded Cu, Zn, SA, and silicon) and soybean (CS-NP-loaded Cu) were tested for manage post flowering stalk rot, Curvularia leaf spot, and bacterial pustule disease in field condition. Since 2019, five of eight studies have been performed in field conditions that have shown interest in CS-NPs synthesized by the ionic gelation method. In this review, we summarized the current state of research and provided a forward-looking view of the use of CS-NPs in plant disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Huy Hoang
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (N.H.H.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (W.T.); (N.K.P.)
| | - Toan Le Thanh
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam;
| | - Rungthip Sangpueak
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (N.H.H.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (W.T.); (N.K.P.)
| | - Jongjit Treekoon
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (J.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Chanon Saengchan
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (N.H.H.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (W.T.); (N.K.P.)
| | - Wannaporn Thepbandit
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (N.H.H.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (W.T.); (N.K.P.)
| | - Narendra Kumar Papathoti
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (N.H.H.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (W.T.); (N.K.P.)
| | - Anyanee Kamkaew
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (J.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Natthiya Buensanteai
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (N.H.H.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (W.T.); (N.K.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Wu L, Shi Y, Ni Z, Yu T, Chen Z. Preparation of a Self-Assembled Rhein-Doxorubicin Nanogel Targeting Mitochondria and Investigation on Its Antihepatoma Activity. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:35-50. [PMID: 34890210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are involved in the regulation of apoptosis, making them a promising target for the development of new anticancer drugs. Doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapeutic drug, can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis, improving its anticancer effects. Herein, Rhein, an active ingredient in rhubarb, with the capability of self-assembly and mitochondrial targeting, was used in conjunction with DOX to form efficient nanomaterials (Rhein-DOX nanogel) capable of sustained drug release. It was self-assembled with a hydrogen bond, π-π stacking interactions, and hydrophobic interactions as the main driving force, and its loading efficiency was up to 100%. Based on its self-assembly characteristics, we evaluated the mechanism of this material to target mitochondria, induce ROS production, and promote apoptosis. The IC50 of the Rhein-DOX nanogel (3.74 μM) was only 46.3% of that of DOX (11.89 μM), and the tumor inhibition rate of the Rhein-DOX nanogel was 79.4% in vivo, 2.3 times that of DOX. This study not only addresses the disadvantages of high toxicity of DOX and low bioavailability of Rhein, when DOX and Rhein are combined for the treatment of hepatoma, but it also significantly improved the synergistic antihepatoma efficacy of Rhein and DOX, which provides a new idea for the development of long-term antihepatoma agents with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zihui Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Yuan Y, Zuo J, Zhang H, Li R, Yu M, Liu S. Integration of Transcriptome and Metabolome Provides New Insights to Flavonoids Biosynthesis in Dendrobium huoshanense. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:850090. [PMID: 35360302 PMCID: PMC8964182 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.850090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dendrobium huoshanense is both a traditional herbal medicine and a plant of high ornamental and medicinal value. We used transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate the effects of growth year on the secondary metabolites of D. huoshanense stems obtained from four different years of cultivation. In this study, a total of 428 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 1802 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs and DAMs revealed significant differences in "Flavonoid biosynthesis", "Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis" and "Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis". We summarize the biosynthesis pathway of flavonoids in D. huoshanense, providing new insights into the biosynthesis and regulation mechanisms of flavonoids in D. huoshanense. Additionally, we identified two candidate genes, FLS (LOC110107557) and F3'H (LOC110095936), which are highly involved in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, by WGCNA analysis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of growth year on secondarily metabolites in the plant and provide a theoretical basis for determining a reasonable harvesting period for D. huoshanense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdan Yuan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yingdan Yuan,
| | - Jiajia Zuo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hanyue Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Runze Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Maoyun Yu
- Anhui Tongjisheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Lu’an, China
- Maoyun Yu,
| | - Sian Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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39
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Li G, Sun YL, Sng KS, Zheng Z, Wang YJ, Yao M, Cui XJ. Exploring the mechanism of Shenqisherong pill against cervical spondylotic myelopathy by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Ann Palliat Med 2021; 10:10253-10275. [PMID: 34498478 DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shenqisherong pill (SQSRP) has been used clinically to treat cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) with satisfactory results; however, its active ingredients and mechanisms are unclear. The present study aimed to explore the active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of SQSRP against CSM using network pharmacology and molecular docking. METHODS The compounds in SQSRP were obtained from public databases and related literature, and oral bioavailability (≥30%) and drug-likeness (≥0.18) were screened using absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) criteria. Compounds-related and CSM-related target genes were identified using public databases, and the overlapping genes between compounds and CSM target genes were identified using a Venn diagram. Cytoscape and STRING were used to construct, visualize, and analyze the interaction network between these overlapping targets. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of overlapping targets used Omicshare tools and constructed a compound-overlapping targets network, target-pathway network, and compound-target-pathway network using Cytoscape. Finally, molecular docking software was used to verify the targets. RESULTS A total of 447 compounds in SQSRP were identified, and ADME screening identified 96 compounds as potentially active ingredients. A total of 249 compound-related genes and 280 CSM-related genes were identified using public databases, and 53 overlapping genes were identified. The results of compound targets and protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that the pharmacological effects of SQSRP against CSM involved 56 compounds and 53 genes. The results of GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the therapeutic effects of SQSRP against CSM were exerted by reducing inflammation, inhibiting apoptosis, and protecting neurons. The molecular mechanisms may be strongly associated with PI3K-Akt, MAPK, IL-17, and TNF, which might be pivotal signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS The active ingredients and mechanisms of SQSRP against CSM were investigated using network pharmacology. The findings proved that the pill could treat CSM through multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway synergy and provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent extraction of active ingredients from SQSRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Li
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Li Sun
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kim Sia Sng
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yao
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Jun Cui
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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40
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Skibska A, Perlikowska R. Signal Peptides - Promising Ingredients in Cosmetics. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 22:716-728. [PMID: 34382523 DOI: 10.2174/1389203722666210812121129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring peptides found in the human skin can serve particular biological activities and play roles as signaling molecules of various physiological processes such as homeostasis, growth, defense or immunity. Their great biological activity resulted in a growing interest in the pharmaceutical industry. Researchers consider peptides either promising compounds with potential application for human diagnosis, therapy or cosmetics. Peptides are becoming interesting cosmetic ingredients with the functions to reduce premature skin aging, improve the barrier function of skin, moisturize the skin, protect it from UV damage, and anti-inflammatory properties that alleviate acne and irritation. Till now, peptides of different origins were investigated in formulation developed to enhance collagen or elastin production, increase fibroblast proliferation, improve wound healing or skin condition. Most of them are obtained by chemical synthesis or by partial digestion of animal proteins. Short and easily synthesized peptides with alternative amino acid sequence, and combinations have created a new field of molecules inspired by nature and implemented in the cosmetic industry. Nowadays, peptides are cheaper and easier to produce in large quantities. The efficient process development methods allow obtaining nearly unlimited sequences, which makes them functionally preferred. Generally, cosmetic peptides are categorized as carrier peptides, neurotransmitter- affecting peptides, enzyme inhibitor peptides and signal peptides. The use of signal peptides in cosmetics increased over a few years. These molecules trigger a signaling cascade and stimulate fibroblast collagen production, the proliferation of elastin, fibronectin, laminin, etc. Thus, a literature search on a topical application of the most common signal peptides; and their current status in the cosmetic industry was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Skibska
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz,Poland
| | - Renata Perlikowska
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz,Poland
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41
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Chen DX, Chu JF, Lin S, Zhang L, Chen HW, Sun ZW, Xu JF, Cai QY, Wang LL, Peng J. Therapeutic Effects of Different Animal Bile Powders on Lipid Metabolism Disorders and Their Composition Analysis. Chin J Integr Med 2021. [PMID: 33609233 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-3441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the therapeutic effect of different animal bile powders on lipid metabolism disorders induced by high-fat diet in rats, and analyze the bioactive components of each animal bile powder. METHODS Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=10): normal diet control group, high-fat diet model group, high-fat diet groups orally treated with bear, pig, cow and chicken bile powders, respectively. Serum biochemical markers from the abdominal aorta in each group were analyzed. Changes in the body weight and liver weight were recorded. Pathohistological changes in the livers were examined. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine the composition of bioactive components in each animal bile powder. RESULTS Treatment with different types of animal bile powders had different inhibitory effects on high-fat diet-induced increase of body weight and/or liver weight in rats, most notably in bear and pig bile powders (P<0.05). High-fat diet induced lipid metabolism disorder in rats, which could be reversed by treatment with all kinds of bile powders. Bear bile and chicken bile showed the most potent therapeutic effect against lipid metabolism disorder. Cow and bear bile effectively alleviated high-fat diet induced liver enlargement and discoloration, hepatocyte swelling, infiltration of inflammatory cells and formation of lipid vacuoles. Bioactive component analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the relative content of taurocholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid among different types of animal bile. Interestingly, a unique component with molecular weight of 496.2738 Da, whose function has not yet been reported, was identified only in bear bile powder. CONCLUSIONS Different animal bile powders had varying therapeutic effect against lipid metabolism disorders induced by high-fat diet, and bear bile powder demonstrated the most effective benefits. Bioactive compositions were different in different types of animal bile with a novel compound identified only in bear bile powder.
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Chen W, Ma S, Wang Q, McClements DJ, Liu X, Ngai T, Liu F. Fortification of edible films with bioactive agents: a review of their formation, properties, and application in food preservation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5029-5055. [PMID: 33554629 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1881435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable films constructed from food ingredients are being developed for food coating and packaging applications to create more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to plastics and other synthetic film-forming materials. In particular, there is a focus on the creation of active packaging materials from natural ingredients, especially plant-based ones. The film matrix is typically constructed from film-forming food components, such as proteins, polysaccharides and lipids. These matrices can be fortified with active ingredients, such as antioxidants and antimicrobials, so as to enhance their functional properties. Edible active films must be carefully designed to have the required optical, mechanical, barrier, and preservative properties needed for commercial applications. This review focuses on the fabrication, properties, and functional performance of edible films constructed from natural active ingredients. It provides an overview of the type of active ingredients that can be used, how they interact with the film matrix, how they migrate through the films, and how they are released. It also discusses the potential application of these active films for food preservation. Finally, future trends are highlighted and areas where further research are required are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shaobo Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qiankun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Fuguo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China.,Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Wu ZY, Meng XF, Jiao YS, Guo BL, Sui XH, Ma SJ, Chen WF, Singh RP. Bradyrhizobium arachidis mediated enhancement of (oxy)matrine content in the medicinal legume Sophora flavescens. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 72:570-577. [PMID: 33474743 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Effect of rhizobial inoculation and nitrate application on the content of bioactive compounds in legume plants is an interesting aspect for interactions among microbes, plants and chemical fertilizers, as well as for cultivated practice of legumes. In this study, nitrate (0, 5 and 20 mmol l-1 ) and Bradyrhizobium arachidis strain CCBAU 051107T were applied, individually or in combination, to the root rhizosphere of the medicinal legume Sophora flavescens Aiton (SFA). Then the plant growth, nodulation and active ingredients including (oxy)matrine of SFA were determined and compared. Rhizobial inoculation alone significantly increased the numbers and fresh weight of root nodules. Nodulation was significantly inhibited due to nitrate (5 and 20 mmol l-1 ). Only oxymatrine was detected in the control plants without rhizobial inoculation and nitrate supplement, while both oxymatrine and matrine were synthesized in plants treated with inoculation of B. arachidis or supplied with nitrate. The content of oxymatrine was the highest in plants inoculated solely with rhizobia and was not significantly altered by additional application of nitrate. Combinations of B. arachidis inoculation and different concentrations of nitrate did not significantly change the concentrations of (oxy)matrine in the plant. In conclusion, sole rhizobial inoculation was the best approach to increase the contents of key active ingredients oxymatrine and matrine in the medicinal legume SFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing, China.,College of Biological Sciences and Rhizobium Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - X F Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing, China.,College of Biological Sciences and Rhizobium Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Y S Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing, China.,College of Biological Sciences and Rhizobium Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - B L Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - X H Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing, China.,College of Biological Sciences and Rhizobium Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - S J Ma
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - W F Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing, China.,College of Biological Sciences and Rhizobium Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - R P Singh
- Department of Research and Development, Biotechnology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Abstract
This study assessed the farm-level economic and environmental impacts from the use of genetically modified (GM) corn in Vietnam (resistant to Lepidopteran pests of corn and tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate). It was largely based on a farmer survey conducted in 2018-19. The GM varieties out-performed conventional varieties in terms of yield by +30.4% (+15.2% if the yield comparison is with only the nearest performing equivalent conventional varieties) and reduced the cost of production by between US $26.47 per ha and US $31.30 per ha. For every extra US $1 spent on GM seed relative to conventional seed, farmers gained between an additional US $6.84 and US $12.55 in extra income. The GM maize technology also reduced insecticide and herbicide use. The average amount of herbicide active ingredient applied to the GM crop area was 26% lower (1.66 kg per ha) than the average value for the conventional corn area (2.26 kg/ai per ha) and in terms of the associated environmental impact of the herbicide use, as measured by the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) indicator, it was lower by 36% than the average value applicable to the conventional corn area. Insecticides were used on a significantly lower GM crop area and, when used, in smaller amounts. The average amount of insecticide applied to the GM corn crop was significantly lower by 78% (0.08 kg/ai per ha) than the average value for the conventional corn area (0.36 kg/ai per ha) and in terms of the associated environmental impact of the insecticide use, as measured by the EIQ indicator, it was also lower by 77% than the average value for conventional corn (14.06 per ha).
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Brookes
- Agricultural Economist with PG Economics Ltd , Dorchester, UK
| | - Tran Xuan Dinh
- Former Deputy Director General Crop Production Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (CPD MARD) , Vietnam
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Chen J, Oi DH. Naturally Occurring Compounds/Materials as Alternatives to Synthetic Chemical Insecticides for Use in Fire Ant Management. Insects 2020; 11:E758. [PMID: 33158097 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Red imported fire ants are a notorious pest, impacting humans, livestock, pets and wildlife due to their venomous stings and causing billions of dollars in damages annually. Synthetic insecticides are a major tool used to control this pest. There is an ever-increasing public concern about the potential adverse effects of synthetic insecticides. Extensive effort has been made in searching for alternatives. In addition to biological control, physical and cultural practices, and semiochemicals, natural products continue to be one of the most attractive sources of alternatives. Naturally occurring compounds/materials have been successfully used as active ingredients in fire ant baits, contact-based control products, repellants and fumigants. In this article, we summarized the synthetic insecticides that are currently used in managing fire ants, available alternative products in the current USA market, and academic efforts in searching for fire ant natural toxins, repellants and fumigants. Abstract The invasive red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (hereafter, fire ants), is a significant threat to public health and a danger to livestock, pets and wildlife due to their venomous stings. The fire ant has invaded many countries and regions and has become a globally significant pest. The current major tool to manage fire ants are synthetic insecticides that are used largely as stomach poisons in bait products or contact insecticides in spray, broadcast, drench, and dust products for area and nest treatments. In addition to these insecticide products, repellants and fumigants can also be useful in some unique scenarios. The ever-increasing public concern about the potential adverse effects of synthetic insecticides on health and the environment has been a driving force for searching for safer alternatives to control fire ants. Tremendous effort has been made in developing biologically-based control for managing fire ants; however, natural products continue to be one of the most attractive sources of safe alternatives to synthetic insecticides. Here, we summarized the synthetic insecticides that are currently used in managing fire ants, available alternative products in the current market, and academic efforts in searching for fire ant natural toxins, repellants and fumigants.
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Abstract
This paper updates previous assessments of the environmental impacts associated with using crop biotechnology (specifically genetically modified crops) in global agriculture. It focuses on the environmental impacts associated with changes in pesticide use and greenhouse gas emissions arising from the use of GM crops since their first widespread commercial use 22 years ago. The adoption of GM insect resistant and herbicide tolerant technology has reduced pesticide spraying by 775.4 million kg (8.3%) and, as a result, decreased the environmental impact associated with herbicide and insecticide use on these crops (as measured by the indicator, the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ)) by 18.5%. The technology has also facilitated important cuts in fuel use and tillage changes, resulting in a significant reduction in the release of greenhouse gas emissions from the GM cropping area. In 2018, this was equivalent to removing 15.27 million cars from the roads.
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Liu X, Jiang N, Xu X, Liu C, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Kang W. Anti-Hepatoma Compound Determination by the Method of Spectrum Effect Relationship, Component Knock-Out, and UPLC-MS 2 in Scheflera heptaphylla (L.)Frodin Harms and Its Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1342. [PMID: 33013373 PMCID: PMC7509203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Scheflera heptaphylla (L.)Frodin, a kind of Traditional Chinese Medicine, is commonly used in anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-viral, anti-tumor, and hemostasis. This study aimed to determine the anti-hepatoma components and its mechanism from the leaves of S. heptaphylla. The spectrum-effect relationships were analyzed by the method of Partial least squares, indicating that P1, P2, and P10 were positively correlated to inhibitory activity of Huh7 cells. Whereas others were negatively correlated. The technologies of component knock-out and UPLC-MS2 were used to determine compounds as 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (P6), 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (P7), 3α-Hydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene-23,28-dioic acid (P10, named Compound A). The results forecasted that Compound A had the best correlation with inhibitory activity. The effects of Compound A on the activities of human hepatoma cells (Huh7, SMMC-7721, HepG 2) and normal hepatocytes (L0-2, Chang liver) were evaluated. Cell apoptosis was observed with inverted microscope and flow cytometer. In addition, the proteins, related to apoptosis, were detected by Western blot. The results showed that Compound A (400 nM) could significantly inhibit the activity of three hepatoma cells (P < 0.001) with slight toxicity to normal hepatocytes, and the IC50 values were 285.3 and 315.1 nM, respectively, which were consistent with the prediction of spectrum-effect relationships. After treatment with Compound A, the number of hepatoma cells decreased significantly. And the apoptosis rate of Huh7 cells increased significantly (P < 0.001) in Compound A (200, 400 nM) groups, SMMC-7721 and HepG 2 were directly necrotic. Compound A groups could significantly improve the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (P < 0.05, P < 0.001) in Huh7 with no effect on normal hepatocytes. The content of apoptotic protein (Bax and Bim) in mitochondria was significantly increased in Compound A groups (P < 0.001). On the contrary, the content of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-xL and Mcl-1) decreased significantly (P < 0.001). These results demonstrated that Compound A was the main anti-hepatoma active component in the S. heptaphylla leaves. It achieved the effect of promoting apoptosis of Huh7 cells by regulating the levels of ROS and Bcl-2 family protein in mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqiang Liu
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Cunyu Liu
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, China.,College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenyi Kang
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Tian YM, Zhou X, Zhao C, Chen HG, Gong XJ. [Research progress on mechanism of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine for gastric cancer]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2020; 45:3584-3593. [PMID: 32893547 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200426.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a disease with high mortality, which threatens the health of people for a long time. At present, the main treatment methods are surgery and chemotherapy, but these methods have great harm to the human body. However, it is found that the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine have an obvious therapeutic effect in the adjuvant treatment of the tumor. Therefore, the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine have become a research hotspot in the anti-tumor field. In recent years, many related researchers have been particularly active in studying the in vitro activity and mechanism of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine on human gastric cancer cells. In this paper, the Chinese herbal medicine extracts, polysaccharides, alkaloids, saponins, flavones, terpenes, quinones, volatile oils, esters, phenols, protein components and other active ingredients of Chinese medicine were used as the starting points to investigate the anti-gastric cancer mechanism, such as inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibiting cell invasion and migration; inhibiting over-expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF); interfering with cell mitosis; and regulating cell signaling pathways. Their in vitro inhibitory activity and mechanism for gastric cancer cells were described in this study, providing a theoretical reference for the development and application of anti-gastric cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Tian
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Hua-Guo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Gong
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University Guiyang 550001, China
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Fatehi P, Abbasi M. Medicinal plants used in wound dressings made of electrospun nanofibers. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1527-1548. [PMID: 32841495 DOI: 10.1002/term.3119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanofibers are a type of nanostructures, which due to their unique properties can be used in wound dressing, and electrospinning is a good way to produce them. The benefits of wound dressings made of electrospun nanofibers include a large surface area to volume ratio, high absorption of secretions from the wound, and high air permeability, mimicking the morphology of extracellular matrix (ECM) of the damaged tissue and the possibility of the gradual release of the drug agents loaded on nanofibers. Because of the adaptability of plants to the body, low side effects and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, interest in using plants is increasing. Combining nanofibers with plants is a way to integrate the physical properties of the structure of nanofibers and the chemical and antibacterial properties of the plants. In recent years, many plants in the forms of extracts, essential oils, and pure active ingredients have been used in the electrospininng and production of nanofiber-containing plants; some of the plants may be a good choice for wound dressings made of electrospun nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Fatehi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Marjan Abbasi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Wang JJ, Ji LL, Deng XH, Lyu LT, Yu LF, Guan P. [Effects of light intensity on growth and content of active components of Uncaria rhynchophyll]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2020; 44:5118-5123. [PMID: 32237347 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20191009.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to study the effects of different light intensity on the growth,biomass accumulation and distribution,chlorophyll content and effective components of Uncaria rhynchophylla seedlings,and explore the suitable light intensity conditions for artificial cultivation of U. rhynchophylla seedlings. Three-year-old U. rhynchophylla seedlings were used as experimental materials. Four light intensity levels( 100%,70%-75%,30%-35%,5%-10%) were set up with different layers of black shading net. With the decrease of light intensity,the results showed that the plant height,basal diameter and biomass( root,stem,leaf and hook) of U.rhynchophylla seedlings exhibited the trend of " increase-decrease". Under 70%-75% light intensity,the plant height,basal diameter,biomass( root,stem,leaf,hook) of U. rhynchophylla seedlings were significantly higher than those of other treatments( P< 0. 05);under 5%-10% light intensity,the plant height,basal diameter and biomass( root,hook) of U. rhynchophylla seedlings were significantly lower than those of other treatments( P<0. 05). With the decrease of light intensity,the chlorophyll content of U. rhynchophylla seedlings increased gradually: under 100% light intensity,the chlorophyll content of U. rhynchophylla seedlings were the smallest,while under 100% light intensity,its chlorophyll content was the highest. With the decrease of light intensity,the contents of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline in different organs of U. rhynchophylla seedlings varied: under 30%-35% light intensity,the contents of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline in hooks and rhynchophylline content in stems were the highest; under 5%-10% light intensity,the contents of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline in leaves and stems of U. rhynchophylla were the highest. In conclusion,70%-75% light intensity is suitable for seedling growth and biomass accumulation,and 30%-35% light intensity is suitable for the accumulation of effective components in U. rhynchophylla seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Innovation Education of Mountain Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm,Center for Collaborative Innovation of Mountain Ecology and Agricultural Bioengineering,College of Life Sciences/Academy of Agricultural Bioengineering,Guizhou University Guiyang 550025,China
| | - La-la Ji
- Key Laboratory of Innovation Education of Mountain Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm,Center for Collaborative Innovation of Mountain Ecology and Agricultural Bioengineering,College of Life Sciences/Academy of Agricultural Bioengineering,Guizhou University Guiyang 550025,China
| | - Xiao-Hong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Innovation Education of Mountain Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm,Center for Collaborative Innovation of Mountain Ecology and Agricultural Bioengineering,College of Life Sciences/Academy of Agricultural Bioengineering,Guizhou University Guiyang 550025,China
| | - Li-Tang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Innovation Education of Mountain Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm,Center for Collaborative Innovation of Mountain Ecology and Agricultural Bioengineering,College of Life Sciences/Academy of Agricultural Bioengineering,Guizhou University Guiyang 550025,China
| | - Li-Fei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Innovation Education of Mountain Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm,Center for Collaborative Innovation of Mountain Ecology and Agricultural Bioengineering,College of Life Sciences/Academy of Agricultural Bioengineering,Guizhou University Guiyang 550025,China
| | - Ping Guan
- Key Laboratory of Innovation Education of Mountain Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm,Center for Collaborative Innovation of Mountain Ecology and Agricultural Bioengineering,College of Life Sciences/Academy of Agricultural Bioengineering,Guizhou University Guiyang 550025,China
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