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Lytvyn Y, Xiao F, Kennedy CRJ, Perkins BA, Reich HN, Scholey JW, Cherney DZ, Burger D. Assessment of urinary microparticles in normotensive patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2017; 60:581-584. [PMID: 28004150 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Assessment of urinary extracellular vesicles including exosomes and microparticles (MPs) is an emerging approach for non-invasive detection of renal injury. We have previously reported that podocyte-derived MPs are increased in diabetic mice in advance of albuminuria. Here, we hypothesised that type 1 diabetes and acute hyperglycaemia would increase urinary podocyte MP levels in uncomplicated diabetes. METHODS In this post hoc exploratory analysis, we examined archived urine samples from normoalbuminuric patients with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes studied under clamped euglycaemia and hyperglycaemia and compared with healthy controls. Urinary vesicles were assessed by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking while podocyte MPs were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Neither vesicle size nor total number were significantly altered in type 1 diabetes or acute hyperglycaemia. By contrast, urinary podocyte MP levels were higher in type 1 diabetes (0.47 [0.00-3.42] MPs/μmol creatinine [Cr]) compared with healthy controls (0.00 [0.00-0.00] MPs/μmol Cr, p < 0.05) and increased under hyperglycaemic clamp (0.36 [0.00-4.15] MPs/μmol Cr during euglycaemia vs 2.70 [0.00-15.91] MPs/μmol Cr during hyperglycaemia, p < 0.05). Levels of urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and nephrin (surrogates of podocyte injury) were unchanged by type 1 diabetes or acute hyperglycaemia. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Taken together, our data show that urinary podocyte MP levels are higher in patients with type 1 diabetes in advance of changes in other biomarkers (albuminuria, nephrin). Examination of podocyte MPs may serve as an early biomarker of glomerular injury in uncomplicated type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Lytvyn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fengxia Xiao
- Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8M5
| | - Christopher R J Kennedy
- Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8M5
| | - Bruce A Perkins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Heather N Reich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James W Scholey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Z Cherney
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dylan Burger
- Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8M5.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Ichii O, Ohta H, Horino T, Nakamura T, Hosotani M, Mizoguchi T, Morishita K, Nakamura K, Hoshino Y, Takagi S, Sasaki N, Takiguchi M, Sato R, Oyamada K, Kon Y. Urinary exosome-derived microRNAs reflecting the changes of renal function and histopathology in dogs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40340. [PMID: 28074869 PMCID: PMC5225487 DOI: 10.1038/srep40340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs act as post-transcriptional regulators, and urinary exosome (UExo)-derived microRNAs may be used as biomarkers. Herein, we screened for UExo-derived microRNAs reflecting kidney disease (KD) status in dogs. Examined dogs were divided into healthy kidney control (HC) and KD groups according to renal dysfunction. We confirmed the appearance of UExo having irregular globe-shapes in a dog by immunoblot detection of the exosome markers, TSG101 and CD9. Based on our previous data using KD model mice and the data obtained herein by next generation sequencing of UExo-derived microRNAs in dogs, miR-26a, miR-146a, miR-486, miR-21a, and miR-10a/b were selected as candidate microRNAs. In particular, UExo-derived miR-26a and miR-10a/b were significantly decreased in KD dogs, and miR-26a levels negatively correlated with deteriorated renal function compared to the other miRNAs. UExo-derived miR-21a levels corrected or not to that of internal control microRNAs in UExo, miR-26a and miR-191, significantly increased with renal dysfunction. In kidney tissues, the decrease of miR-26a and miR-10a/b in the glomerulus and miR-10b in the tubulointerstitium negatively correlated with deteriorated renal function and histopathology. Increased miR-21a in the tubulointerstitium rather than in the glomerulus correlated with deteriorated renal histopathology. In conclusion, microRNAs reflecting the changes in renal function and histopathology in dogs were identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Taro Horino
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Kochi University School of Medicine, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku 783-8505, Japan
| | - Teppei Nakamura
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.,Section of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Bunkyo 2-3, Chitose 066-0052, Japan
| | - Marina Hosotani
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Mizoguchi
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Keitaro Morishita
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Kensuke Nakamura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yuki Hoshino
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takagi
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Noboru Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ryo Sato
- Matsubara Animal Hospital, Taijo 1-174-1, Matsubara 580-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Oyamada
- Matsubara Animal Hospital, Taijo 1-174-1, Matsubara 580-0044, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kon
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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Kamińska A, Platt M, Kasprzyk J, Kuśnierz-Cabala B, Gala-Błądzińska A, Woźnicka O, Jany BR, Krok F, Piekoszewski W, Kuźniewski M, Stępień EŁ. Urinary Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Biomarkers of Renal Function in Diabetic Patients. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:5741518. [PMID: 28105442 PMCID: PMC5220476 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5741518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to check the relationship between the density of urinary EVs, their size distribution, and the progress of early renal damage in type 2 diabetic patients (DMt2). Patients were enrolled to this study, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) below 7% was a threshold for properly controlled diabetic patients (CD) and poorly controlled diabetic patients (UD). Patients were further divided into two groups: diabetic patients without renal failure (NRF) and with renal failure (RF) according to the Glomerular Filtration Rate. Density and diameter of EVs were determined by Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing. Additionally, EVs were visualized by means of Transmission and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy. Nano-liquid chromatography coupled offline with mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS) was applied for proteomic analysis. RF had reduced density of EVs compared to NRF. The size distribution study showed that CD had larger EVs (mode) than UD (115 versus 109 nm; p < 0.05); nevertheless the mean EVs diameter was smaller in controls than in the CD group (123 versus 134 nm; p < 0.05). It was demonstrated that EVs are abundant in urine. Albumin, uromodulin, and number of unique proteins related to cell stress and secretion were detected in the EVs fraction. Density and size of urinary EVs reflect deteriorated renal function and can be considered as potential renal damage biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kamińska
- Department of Medical Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mark Platt
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Joanna Kasprzyk
- Laboratory of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Regional Laboratory of Physicochemical Analysis and Structural Research, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Beata Kuśnierz-Cabala
- Department of Diagnostics, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Olga Woźnicka
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Benedykt R. Jany
- Department of Solid State Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Franciszek Krok
- Department of Solid State Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Piekoszewski
- Laboratory of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Regional Laboratory of Physicochemical Analysis and Structural Research, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Kuźniewski
- Department of Nephrology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Ł. Stępień
- Department of Medical Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
- *Ewa Ł. Stępień:
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