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Fernández-Ramos D, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Millet O, Alonso C, Lu SC, Mato JM. One Carbon Metabolism and S-Adenosylmethionine in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pathogenesis and Subtypes. LIVERS 2022; 2:243-257. [PMID: 37123053 PMCID: PMC10137169 DOI: 10.3390/livers2040020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
One carbon metabolism (1CM) can be defined as the transfer of a carbon unit from one metabolite to another and its replenishment by different sources of labile methyl-group nutrients: primarily choline, methionine, betaine, and serine. This flow of carbon units allows the biosynthesis of nucleotides, amino acids, formylated methionyl-tRNA, polyamines, glutathione, phospholipids, detoxification reactions, maintenance of the redox status and the concentration of NAD, and methylation reactions including epigenetic modifications. That is, 1CM functions as a nutrient sensor and integrator of cellular metabolism. A critical process in 1CM is the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), the source of essentially all the hundreds of millions of daily methyl transfer reactions in a cell. This versatility of SAMe imposes a tight control in its synthesis and catabolism. Much of our knowledge concerning 1CM has been gained from studies in the production and prevention of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we discuss in detail the function of the most important enzymes for their quantitative contribution to maintaining the flux of carbon units through 1CM in the liver and discuss how alterations in their enzymatic activity contribute to the development of NAFLD. Next, we discuss NAFLD subtypes based on serum lipidomic profiles with different risk of cardiovascular disease. Among the latter, we highlight the so-called subtype A for its serum lipidomic profile phenocopying that of mice deficient in SAMe synthesis and because its high frequency (about 50% of the NAFLD patients).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fernández-Ramos
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, BRTA, CIBERehd, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, BRTA, CIBERehd, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Oscar Millet
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, BRTA, CIBERehd, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Cristina Alonso
- OWL Metabolomics, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - José M. Mato
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, BRTA, CIBERehd, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-944-061300; Fax: +34-944-0611301
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Martínez‐Arranz I, Bruzzone C, Noureddin M, Gil‐Redondo R, Mincholé I, Bizkarguenaga M, Arretxe E, Iruarrizaga‐Lejarreta M, Fernández‐Ramos D, Lopitz‐Otsoa F, Mayo R, Embade N, Newberry E, Mittendorf B, Izquierdo‐Sánchez L, Smid V, Arnold J, Iruzubieta P, Pérez Castaño Y, Krawczyk M, Marigorta UM, Morrison MC, Kleemann R, Martín‐Duce A, Hayardeny L, Vitek L, Bruha R, Aller de la Fuente R, Crespo J, Romero‐Gomez M, Banales JM, Arrese M, Cusi K, Bugianesi E, Klein S, Lu SC, Anstee QM, Millet O, Davidson NO, Alonso C, Mato JM. Metabolic subtypes of patients with NAFLD exhibit distinctive cardiovascular risk profiles. Hepatology 2022; 76:1121-1134. [PMID: 35220605 PMCID: PMC9790568 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We previously identified subsets of patients with NAFLD with different metabolic phenotypes. Here we align metabolomic signatures with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and genetic risk factors. APPROACH AND RESULTS We analyzed serum metabolome from 1154 individuals with biopsy-proven NAFLD, and from four mouse models of NAFLD with impaired VLDL-triglyceride (TG) secretion, and one with normal VLDL-TG secretion. We identified three metabolic subtypes: A (47%), B (27%), and C (26%). Subtype A phenocopied the metabolome of mice with impaired VLDL-TG secretion; subtype C phenocopied the metabolome of mice with normal VLDL-TG; and subtype B showed an intermediate signature. The percent of patients with NASH and fibrosis was comparable among subtypes, although subtypes B and C exhibited higher liver enzymes. Serum VLDL-TG levels and secretion rate were lower among subtype A compared with subtypes B and C. Subtype A VLDL-TG and VLDL-apolipoprotein B concentrations were independent of steatosis, whereas subtypes B and C showed an association with these parameters. Serum TG, cholesterol, VLDL, small dense LDL5,6 , and remnant lipoprotein cholesterol were lower among subtype A compared with subtypes B and C. The 10-year high risk of CVD, measured with the Framingham risk score, and the frequency of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 NAFLD risk allele were lower in subtype A. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomic signatures identify three NAFLD subgroups, independent of histological disease severity. These signatures align with known CVD and genetic risk factors, with subtype A exhibiting a lower CVD risk profile. This may account for the variation in hepatic versus cardiovascular outcomes, offering clinically relevant risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mazen Noureddin
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Newberry
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Bettina Mittendorf
- Center for Human NutritionWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Laura Izquierdo‐Sánchez
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal DiseasesBiodonostia Research InstituteDonostia University HospitalDonostiaSpain
| | - Vaclav Smid
- First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Jorge Arnold
- Departamento de GastroenterologiaEscuela de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago de ChileChile
| | - Paula Iruzubieta
- Marqués de Valdecilla University HospitalCantabria UniversitySantanderSpain
| | - Ylenia Pérez Castaño
- Department of Digestive SystemOsakidetza Basque Health ServiceDonostia University HospitalSan SebastianSpain
| | - Marcin Krawczyk
- Department of Medicine IISaarland University Medical CenterHomburgGermany,Laboratory of Metabolic Liver DiseasesCenter for Preclinical ResearchDepartment of General, Transplant and Liver SurgeryMedical University of WarsawWarsawPoland
| | | | - Martine C. Morrison
- Department of Metabolic Health ResearchNetherlands Organization for Applied Scientific ResearchLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Robert Kleemann
- Department of Metabolic Health ResearchNetherlands Organization for Applied Scientific ResearchLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Antonio Martín‐Duce
- Alcalá University School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity Hospital Prıncipe de AsturiasMadridSpain
| | | | - Libor Vitek
- First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Radan Bruha
- First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Rocío Aller de la Fuente
- Department of Digestive DiseaseClinic University HospitalUniversity Hospital of ValladolidValladolidSpain
| | - Javier Crespo
- Marqués de Valdecilla University HospitalCantabria UniversitySantanderSpain
| | | | - Jesus M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal DiseasesBiodonostia Research InstituteDonostia University HospitalDonostiaSpain,University of the Basque CountryCIBERehdIKERBASQUEDonostiaSpain
| | - Marco Arrese
- Departamento de GastroenterologiaEscuela de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago de ChileChile,Centro de Envejecimiento y RegeneraciónSantiagoChile
| | - Kenneth Cusi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismUniversity of Florida and Malcom Randall VAMCGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human NutritionWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Quentin M. Anstee
- Translational & Clinical Research InstituteFaculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneUK,Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research CenterNewcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS TrustNewcastle Upon TyneUK
| | | | - Nicholas O. Davidson
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
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Liu J, Zhou L, An Y, Wang Y, Wang G. The atherogenic index of plasma: A novel factor more closely related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease than other lipid parameters in adults. Front Nutr 2022; 9:954219. [PMID: 36118762 PMCID: PMC9478109 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.954219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims The relationship of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is unclear. This study aims to detect the association between AIP and NAFLD, compare the discriminative power of AIP with other lipid parameters for NAFLD, and establish a discriminant model using physical examination data. Methods Participants aged over 20 years who underwent routine physical examination in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from April 2016 to August 2020 were included. We categorized subjects based on hepatic ultrasound results and analyzed the association between NAFLD risk and AIP, conventional plasma lipids, remnant cholesterol (RC), triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, and other atherogenic indices (n = 112,200) using logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve. Results Out of the 112,200 subjects, 30.4% had NAFLD. The body weight index, plasma glucose, conventional lipids, TyG index, AIP, atherogenic coefficient (AC), and coronary risk index (CRI) were significantly higher, while HDL-C was lower (p < 0.001) in patients with NAFLD than those without NAFLD (all p < 0.001). Compared with conventional lipids, RC, TyG index, AC, and CRI, AIP had a stronger correlation with the risk of NAFLD (OR 6.71, 95% CI 6.23–7.22, p < 0.001) after adjusting confounders and presented a non-linear dose–response relationship (p < 0.0001). The optimal cut-off value of AIP was 0.05 and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.81–0.82) with high sensitivity and specificity. The AUC of the simplified three-variable NAFLD discriminant model was 0.90 in both the training set and the validation set. Conclusion AIP was significantly associated with NAFLD and showed superior discriminative performance to other lipid parameters. These findings might help screen NAFLD in high-risk individuals and reduce the prevalence of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu An
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Medical Examination Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Wang,
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Guang Wang,
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Gao Y, Liu P, Wang D, Liu J, Yang L, Kang Y, Han B, Yin J, Zhu J, Wang K, Li C. Isolation and characterization of a novel protein from Momordica charantia L. Positively regulates lipid metabolism activity in vivo and in vitro. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Risk Factors and Prediction Models for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on Random Forest. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8793659. [PMID: 35983527 PMCID: PMC9381194 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8793659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective To establish a risk prediction model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and provide management strategies for preventing this disease. Methods A total of 200 inpatients and physical examinees were collected from the Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology and Physical Examination Center. The data of physical examination, laboratory examination, and abdominal ultrasound examination were collected. All subjects were randomly divided into a training set (70%) and a verification set (30%). A random forest (RF) prediction model is constructed to predict the occurrence risk of NAFLD. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is used to verify the prediction effect of the prediction models. Results The number of NAFLD patients was 44 out of 200 enrolled patients, and the cumulative incidence rate was 22%. The prediction models showed that BMI, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ALT, SUA, and MTTP mutations were independent influencing factors of NAFLD, all of which has statistical significance (P < 0.05). The area under curve (AUC) of logistic regression and the RF model was 0.940 (95% CI: 0.870~0.987) and 0.945 (95% CI: 0.899~0.994), respectively. Conclusion This study established a prediction model of NAFLD occurrence risk based on the RF, which has a good prediction value.
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56
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Plasma Metabolomics and Machine Learning-Driven Novel Diagnostic Signature for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071669. [PMID: 35884973 PMCID: PMC9312563 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed targeted metabolomics with machine learning (ML)-based interpretation to identify metabolites that distinguish the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a cohort. Plasma metabolomics analysis was conducted in healthy control subjects (n = 25) and patients with NAFL (n = 42) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, n = 19) by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and liquid chromatography-MS/MS as well as RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses on liver tissues from patients with varying stages of NAFLD (n = 12). The resulting metabolomic data were subjected to routine statistical and ML-based analyses and multi-omics interpretation with RNA-seq data. We found 6 metabolites that were significantly altered in NAFLD among 79 detected metabolites. Random-forest and multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that eight metabolites (glutamic acid, cis-aconitic acid, aspartic acid, isocitric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, oxaloacetic acid, myristoleic acid, and tyrosine) could distinguish the three groups. Then, the recursive partitioning and regression tree algorithm selected three metabolites (glutamic acid, isocitric acid, and aspartic acid) from these eight metabolites. With these three metabolites, we formulated an equation, the MetaNASH score that distinguished NASH with excellent performance. In addition, metabolic map construction and correlation assays integrating metabolomics data into the transcriptome datasets of the liver showed correlations between the concentration of plasma metabolites and the expression of enzymes governing metabolism and specific alterations of these correlations in NASH. Therefore, these findings will be useful for evaluation of altered metabolism in NASH and understanding of pathophysiologic implications from metabolite profiles in relation to NAFLD progression.
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57
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Deng KQ, Huang X, Lei F, Zhang XJ, Zhang P, She ZG, Cai J, Ji YX, Li H. Role of hepatic lipid species in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C630-C639. [PMID: 35759443 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00123.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common liver disease due to the global pandemic of metabolic diseases. Dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism plays a central role in the initiation and progression of NAFLD. With the advancement of lipidomics, an increasing number of lipid species and underlying mechanisms associating hepatic lipid components have been revealed. Therefore, the focus of this mini-review is to highlight the links between hepatic lipid species and their mechanisms mediating the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We first summarized the interplay between NAFLD and hepatic lipid disturbances. Next, we focused on reviewing the role of saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, oxidized phospholipids, and their respective intermediates in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The mechanisms by which monounsaturated fatty acids and other pro-resolving mediators exert protective effects are also addressed. Finally, we further discussed the implication of different analysis approaches in lipidomic. Evolving insights into the pathophysiology of NAFLD will provide the opportunity for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Qiong Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Center Hospital of Huanggang, Huanggang, China.,Huanggang Institute of Translation Medicine, Huanggang, China.,Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuewei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Lei
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-Xiao Ji
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Huanggang Institute of Translation Medicine, Huanggang, China.,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Šmíd V, Dvořák K, Šedivý P, Kosek V, Leníček M, Dezortová M, Hajšlová J, Hájek M, Vítek L, Bechyňská K, Brůha R. Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Lipid Metabolism in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome and NAFLD. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:1336-1349. [PMID: 35147302 PMCID: PMC9134818 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3-PUFAs) have been reported to ameliorate the progression of NAFLD in experimental studies; however, clinical trials have yielded contradictory results. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of n-3-PUFA administration on lipid metabolism and the progression of NAFLD in patients with metabolic syndrome. Sixty patients with metabolic syndrome and NAFLD were randomized in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial (3.6 g/day n-3-PUFA vs. placebo). During the 1-year follow-up, the patients underwent periodic clinical and laboratory examinations, liver stiffness measurements, magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the liver, and plasma lipidomic analyses. After 12 months of n-3-PUFA administration, a significant decrease in serum GGT activity was recorded compared with the placebo group (2.03 ± 2.8 vs. 1.43 ± 1.6; P < 0.05). Although no significant changes in anthropometric parameters were recorded, a significant correlation between the reduction of liver fat after 12 months of treatment-and weight reduction-was observed; furthermore, this effect was clearly potentiated by n-3-PUFA treatment (P < 0.005). In addition, n-3-PUFA treatment resulted in substantial changes in the plasma lipidome, with n-3-PUFA-enriched triacylglycerols and phospholipids being the most expressed lipid signatures. Conclusion: Twelve months of n-3-PUFA treatment of patients with NAFLD patients was associated with a significant decrease in GGT activity, the liver fat reduction in those who reduced their weight, and beneficial changes in the plasma lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Šmíd
- Fourth Department of Internal MedicineFirst Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in PragueCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Karel Dvořák
- Fourth Department of Internal MedicineFirst Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in PragueCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Petr Šedivý
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyInstitute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePragueCzech Republic
| | - Vít Kosek
- Department of Food Analysis and NutritionUniversity of Chemistry and TechnologyPragueCzech Republic
| | - Martin Leníček
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsFirst Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in PragueCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Monika Dezortová
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyInstitute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePragueCzech Republic
| | - Jana Hajšlová
- Department of Food Analysis and NutritionUniversity of Chemistry and TechnologyPragueCzech Republic
| | - Milan Hájek
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyInstitute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePragueCzech Republic
| | - Libor Vítek
- Fourth Department of Internal MedicineFirst Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in PragueCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsFirst Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in PragueCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Kamila Bechyňská
- Department of Food Analysis and NutritionUniversity of Chemistry and TechnologyPragueCzech Republic
| | - Radan Brůha
- Fourth Department of Internal MedicineFirst Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in PragueCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
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Down-Regulating the High Level of 17-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 13 Plays a Therapeutic Role for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105544. [PMID: 35628360 PMCID: PMC9146021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, and there is no specific drug to treat it. Recent results showed that 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 13 (HSD17B13) is associated with liver diseases, but these conclusions are controversial. Here, we showed that HSD17B13 was more highly expressed in the livers of NAFLD patients, and high expression was induced in the livers of murine NAFLD models and cultural hepatocytes treated using various etiologies. The high HSD17B13 expression in the hepatocytes facilitated the progression of NAFLD by directly stabilizing the intracellular lipid drops and by indirectly activating hepatic stellate cells. When HSD17B13 was overexpressed in the liver, it aggravated liver steatosis and fibrosis in mice fed with a high-fat diet, while down-regulated the high expression of HSD17B13 by short hairpin RNAs produced a therapeutic effect in the NAFLD mice. We concluded that high HSD17B13 expression is a good target for the development of drugs to treat NAFLD.
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Bashir A, Duseja A, De A, Mehta M, Tiwari P. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease development: A multifactorial pathogenic phenomena. LIVER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Errafii K, Khalifa O, Al-Akl NS, Arredouani A. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals That Exendin-4 Improves Steatosis in HepG2 Cells by Modulating Signaling Pathways Related to Lipid Metabolism. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051020. [PMID: 35625757 PMCID: PMC9138370 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
No therapy exists for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) showed a beneficial effect on NAFLD, although the underpinning mechanisms remain unclear due to their pleiotropic effects. We examined the implicated signaling pathways using comparative transcriptomics in a cell model of steatosis to overcome pleiotropy. We treated steatotic HepG2 cells with the GLP-1RA Exendin-4 (Ex-4). We compared the transcriptome profiles of untreated steatotic, and Ex-4-treated steatotic cells, and used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to identify the signaling pathways and associated genes involved in the protective effect of Ex-4. Ex-4 treatment significantly reduces steatosis. RNA-seq analysis revealed 209 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between steatotic and untreated cells, with farnesoid X receptor/retinoid X receptor (FXR/RXR) (p = 8.9 × 10−7) activation being the top regulated canonical pathway identified by IPA. Furthermore, 1644 DEGs were identified between steatotic cells and Ex-4-treated cells, with liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) (p = 2.02 × 10−7) and FXR/RXR (p = 3.28 × 10−7) activation being the two top canonical pathways. The top molecular and cellular functions between untreated and steatotic cells were lipid metabolism, molecular transport, and small molecular biochemistry, while organismal injury and abnormalities, endocrine system disorders, and gastrointestinal disease were the top three molecular and cellular functions between Ex-4-treated and steatotic cells. Genes overlapping steatotic cells and Ex-4-treated cells were associated with several lipid metabolism processes. Unique transcriptomic differences exist between steatotic cells and Ex-4-treated steatotic cells, providing an important resource for understanding the mechanisms that underpin the protective effect of GLP-1RAs on NAFLD and for the identification of novel therapeutic targets for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Errafii
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar;
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (O.K.); (N.S.A.-A.)
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43151, Morocco
| | - Olfa Khalifa
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (O.K.); (N.S.A.-A.)
| | - Neyla S. Al-Akl
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (O.K.); (N.S.A.-A.)
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar;
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (O.K.); (N.S.A.-A.)
- Correspondence:
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Liver Steatosis: A Marker of Metabolic Risk in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094822. [PMID: 35563210 PMCID: PMC9100068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the greatest health challenges affecting children of all ages and ethnicities. Almost 19% of children and adolescents worldwide are overweight or obese, with an upward trend in the last decades. These reports imply an increased risk of fat accumulation in hepatic cells leading to a series of histological hepatic damages gathered under the acronym NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease). Due to the complex dynamics underlying this condition, it has been recently renamed as 'Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)', supporting the hypothesis that hepatic steatosis is a key component of the large group of clinical and laboratory abnormalities of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). This review aims to share the latest scientific knowledge on MAFLD in children in an attempt to offer novel insights into the complex dynamics underlying this condition, focusing on the novel molecular aspects. Although there is still no treatment with a proven efficacy for this condition, starting from the molecular basis of the disease, MAFLD's therapeutic landscape is rapidly expanding, and different medications seem to act as modifiers of liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
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Yang Q, Zhang L, Li Q, Gu M, Qu Q, Yang X, Yi Q, Gu K, Kuang L, Hao M, Xu J, Yang H. Characterization of microbiome and metabolite analyses in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease and type II diabetes mellitus. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:105. [PMID: 35421921 PMCID: PMC9011963 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02526-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
State-of-the-art renewal has indicated the improvement of diagnostics of patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and/or type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by dissecting the clinical characteristics as well as genomic analysis. However, the deficiency of the characterization of microbial and metabolite signatures largely impedes the symptomatic treatment.
Methods
For the purpose, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 20 patients with MAFLD (short for “M”), 20 cases with MAFLD and T2DM (short for “MD”), together with 19 healthy donors (short for “Ctr”). Microbial and metabolite analyses were further conducted to explore the similarities and differences among the aforementioned populations based on feces and blood samples, respectively.
Results
Compared with those in the Ctr group, patients with M or MD revealed multifaceted similarities (e.g., Age, ALP, LDL, BUN) and distinctions in clinical indicators of liver (e.g., BMI, ALT, PCHE, CAP). With the aid of microbial and metabolite analyses as well as bioinformatic analyses, we found that the characteristics of gut microbiota (e.g., abundance, hierarchical clustering, cladogram, species) and lipid metabolism (e.g., metabolite, correlation coefficient and scatter plot) were distinct among the indicated groups.
Conclusions
The patients with MD revealed multifaceted similarities and distinctions in characteristics of microbiome and metabolites with those in the M and HD groups, and in particular, the significantly expressed microbes (e.g., Elusimicrobiota, Berkelbacteria, Cyanobacteria, Peregrinibacteria) and lipid metabolites (e.g., Lipid-Q-P-0765, Lipid-Q-P-0216, Lipid-Q-P-0034, Lipid-Q-P-0800), which would collectively benefit the clinical diagnosis of MAFLD and T2DM.
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Ramachandran P, Xu G, Huang HH, Rice R, Zhou B, Lindpaintner K, Serie D. Serum Glycoprotein Markers in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:1083-1094. [PMID: 35286803 PMCID: PMC8981307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fatty liver disease progresses through stages of fat accumulation and inflammation to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis and cirrhosis, and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently available diagnostic tools for HCC lack sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we investigated the use of circulating serum glycoproteins to identify a panel of potential prognostic markers that may be indicative of progression from the healthy state to NASH and further to HCC. Serum samples were processed and analyzed using a novel high-throughput glycoproteomics platform. Our initial dataset contained healthy, NASH, and HCC serum samples. We analyzed 413 glycopeptides, representing 57 abundant serum proteins, and compared among the three phenotypes. We studied the normalized abundance of common glycoforms and found 40 glycopeptides with statistically significant differences in abundances in NASH and HCC compared to controls. Summary level relative abundances of core-fucosylated, sialylated, and branched glycans containing glycopeptides were higher in NASH and HCC as compared to controls. We replicated some of our findings in an independent set of samples of individuals with benign liver conditions and HCC. Our results may be of value in the management of liver diseases. Data generated in this work can be downloaded from MassIVE (https://massive.ucsd.edu) with identifier MSV000088809.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gege Xu
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hector H Huang
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rachel Rice
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Bo Zhou
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Klaus Lindpaintner
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Daniel Serie
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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Deep proteomic profiling unveils arylsulfatase A as a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis inducible hepatokine and regulator of glycemic control. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1259. [PMID: 35273160 PMCID: PMC8913628 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and type 2 diabetes are closely linked, yet the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning this bidirectional relationship remain unresolved. Using proteomic approaches, we interrogate hepatocyte protein secretion in two models of murine NASH to understand how liver-derived factors modulate lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. We reveal striking hepatokine remodelling that is associated with insulin resistance and maladaptive lipid metabolism, and identify arylsulfatase A (ARSA) as a hepatokine that is upregulated in NASH and type 2 diabetes. Mechanistically, hepatic ARSA reduces sulfatide content and increases lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) accumulation within lipid rafts and suppresses LPC secretion from the liver, thereby lowering circulating LPC and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) levels. Reduced LPA is linked to improvements in skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and systemic glycemic control. Hepatic silencing of Arsa or inactivation of ARSA's enzymatic activity reverses these effects. Together, this study provides a unique resource describing global changes in hepatokine secretion in NASH, and identifies ARSA as a regulator of liver to muscle communication and as a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes.
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Dalbeni A, Castelli M, Zoncapè M, Minuz P, Sacerdoti D. Platelets in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842636. [PMID: 35250588 PMCID: PMC8895200 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the inflammatory reaction of the liver to excessive accumulation of lipids in the hepatocytes. NASH can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fatty liver is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. A subclinical inflammatory state is present in patients with metabolic alterations like insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Platelets participate in immune cells recruitment and cytokines-induced liver damage. It is hypothesized that lipid toxicity cause accumulation of platelets in the liver, platelet adhesion and activation, which primes the immunoinflammatory reaction and activation of stellate cells. Recent data suggest that antiplatelet drugs may interrupt this cascade and prevent/improve NASH. They may also improve some metabolic alterations. The pathophysiology of inflammatory liver disease and the implication of platelets are discussed in details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dalbeni
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Castelli
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mirko Zoncapè
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Minuz
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Pietro Minuz,
| | - David Sacerdoti
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Zhao F, Ke J, Pan W, Pan H, Shen M. Synergistic effects of ISL1 and KDM6B on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through the regulation of SNAI1. Mol Med 2022; 28:12. [PMID: 35100965 PMCID: PMC8802528 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been reported worldwide, which urges understanding of its pathogenesis and development of more effective therapeutical methods for this chronic disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of a LIM homeodomain transcription factor, islet1 (ISL1) on NAFLD. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a diet high in fat content to produce NAFLD models. These models were then treated with overexpressed ISL1 (oe-ISL1), oe-Lysine-specific demethylase 6B (KDM6B), oe-SNAI1, or short hairpin RNA against SNAI1. We assessed triglyceride and cholesterol contents in the plasma and liver tissues and determined the expressions of ISL1, KDM6B and SNAI1 in liver tissues. Moreover, the in vitro model of lipid accumulation was constructed using fatty acids to explore the in vitro effect of ISL1/KDM6B/SNAI1 in NAFLD. Results The results showed that the expressions of ISL1, KDM6B, and SNAI1 where decreased, but contents of triglyceride and cholesterol increased in mice exposed to high-fat diet. ISL1 inhibited lipogenesis and promoted lipolysis and exhibited a synergizing effect with KDM6B to upregulate the expression of SNAI1. Moreover, both KDM6B and SNAI1 could inhibit lipogenesis and induce lipolysis. Importantly, the therapeutic effects of ISL1 on in vitro model of lipid accumulations was also confirmed through the modulation of KDM6B and SNAI1. Conclusions Taken together, these findings highlighted that ISL1 effectively ameliorated NAFLD by inducing the expressions of KDM6B and SNAI1, which might be a promising drug for the treatment of NAFLD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00428-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- Health Management Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinjing Ke
- Health Management Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wensheng Pan
- Health Management Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hanghai Pan
- Health Management Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Miao Shen
- Health Management Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.
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68
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Hu C, Zhuang X, Zhang J, Wang T, Du S, Wang J, Peng X, Cao Q, Zhang M, Jiang Y. Serum Metabolomics in Patients with Coexisting NAFLD and T2DM Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Lab Med 2022; 53:360-368. [PMID: 35075477 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmab118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) frequently coexist and can act synergistically to drive adverse outcomes of one another. This study aimed to unravel the metabolomic changes in patients with NAFLD and T2DM, to identify potential noninvasive biomarkers, and to provide insights for understanding the link between NAFLD and T2DM. METHODS Three hundred participants aged 35 to 70 years who were diagnosed with NAFLD (n = 100), T2DM (n = 100), or a comorbidity of NAFLD and T2DM (n = 100) were included in this study. Anthropometrics and routine blood chemistry were assessed after overnight fast. The global serum metabolomic analysis was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Multivariate data analysis methods were utilized to identify the potential biomarkers. RESULTS A set of serum biomarkers that could effectively separate NAFLD from NAFLD + T2DM and T2DM from NAFLD + T2DM were identified. We found that patients with coexisting NAFLD and T2DM had significantly higher levels of total protein (TP), triglycerides (TG), glucose in urine, and gamma-hydroxybutyric acid than those with NAFLD and had significant increased levels of TP, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, cholinesterase, TG, low-density lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein A when compared to patients with T2DM. CONCLUSION The metabolomics results provide evidence that the comorbidity of NAFLD and T2DM considerably altered patients' metabolomics patterns compared to those of patients with only NAFLD or T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Hu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhuang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai TCM-Integrated Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengnan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelian Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingcai Zhang
- Shuguang Hospital affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanye Jiang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Xuan Q, Hu C, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Zhao X, Liu X, Wang C, Jia W, Xu G. Serum lipidomics profiles reveal potential lipid markers for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in patients from multiple communities. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:966823. [PMID: 36060983 PMCID: PMC9434798 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.966823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dyslipidemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, specific lipid molecules closely associated with the initiation and progression of diabetes remain unclear. We used a pseudotargeted lipidomics approach to evaluate the complex lipid changes that occurred long before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to identify novel lipid markers for screening prediabetes mellitus (PreDM) and T2DM in patients from multiple communities. METHODS Four hundred and eighty-one subjects consisting of T2DM, three subtypes of PreDM, and normal controls (NC) were enrolled as discovery cohort. Serum lipidomic profiles of 481 subjects were analyzed using an ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS)-based pseudotargeted lipidomics method. The differential lipid molecules were further validated in an independent case-control study consisting of 150 PreDM, 234 T2DM and 94 NC. RESULTS Multivariate discriminative analyses show that lipidomics data have considerable potential for identifying lipidome differences among T2DM, subtypes of PreDM and NC. Statistical associations of lipid (sub)species display significant variations in 11 lipid (sub)species levels for T2DM and distinctive differences in 8 lipid (sub)species levels between prediabetic and normoglycemic individuals, with further differences in 8 lipid (sub)species levels among subtypes of PreDM. Adjusted for sex, age and BMI, only two lipid (sub)species of fatty acid (FA) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) were associated at p< 0.05 for PreDM (all) and subtypes of PreDM. The defined lipid markers not only significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of PreDM and T2DM but also effectively evaluating the risk of developing into each subtype of PreDM and T2DM when addition of age, sex, BMI, and FPG, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings improve insights into the lipid metabolic complexity and interindividual variations among subtypes of PreDM and T2DM, beyond the well-known differences in dyslipidemia in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhui Xuan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiu Hu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Congrong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guowang Xu, ; Weiping Jia, ; Congrong Wang,
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guowang Xu, ; Weiping Jia, ; Congrong Wang,
| | - Guowang Xu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guowang Xu, ; Weiping Jia, ; Congrong Wang,
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Yan Q, Zhao Z, Liu D, Li J, Pan S, Duan J, Dong J, Liu Z. Integrated analysis of potential gene crosstalk between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetic nephropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1032814. [PMID: 36387855 PMCID: PMC9642911 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1032814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicates that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This bioinformatics study aimed to explore optimal crosstalk genes and related pathways between NAFLD and DN. METHODS Gene expression profiles were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. CIBERSORT algorithm was employed to analyze the similarity of infiltrating immunocytes between the two diseases. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) co-expression network and functional enrichment analysis were conducted based on the identification of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and Boruta algorithm were implemented to initially screen crosstalk genes. Machine learning models, including support vector machine, random forest model, and generalized linear model, were utilized to further identify the optimal crosstalk genes between DN and NAFLD. An integrated network containing crosstalk genes, transcription factors, and associated pathways was developed. RESULTS Four gene expression datasets, including GSE66676 and GSE48452 for NAFLD and GSE30122 and GSE1009 for DN, were involved in this study. There were 80 common DEGs between the two diseases in total. The PPI network built with the 80 common genes included 77 nodes and 83 edges. Ten optimal crosstalk genes were selected by LASSO regression and Boruta algorithm, including CD36, WIPI1, CBX7, FCN1, SLC35D2, CP, ZDHHC3, PTPN3, LPL, and SPP1. Among these genes, LPL and SPP1 were the most significant according to NAFLD-transcription factor network. Five hundred twenty-nine nodes and 1,113 edges comprised the PPI network of activated pathway-gene. In addition, 14 common pathways of these two diseases were recognized using Gene Ontology (GO) analysis; among them, regulation of the lipid metabolic process is closely related to both two diseases. CONCLUSIONS This study offers hints that NAFLD and DN have a common pathogenesis, and LPL and SPP1 are the most relevant crosstalk genes. Based on the common pathways and optimal crosstalk genes, our proposal carried out further research to disclose the etiology and pathology between the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yan
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zihao Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaokang Pan
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Duan
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiayu Duan, ; Jiancheng Dong, ; Zhangsuo Liu,
| | - Jiancheng Dong
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiayu Duan, ; Jiancheng Dong, ; Zhangsuo Liu,
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiayu Duan, ; Jiancheng Dong, ; Zhangsuo Liu,
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Li Y, Zhao D, Qian M, Liu J, Pan C, Zhang X, Duan X, Zhang Y, Jia W, Wang L. Amlodipine, an anti-hypertensive drug, alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2054-2077. [PMID: 34862599 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a severe public health problem. It often coexists with hypertension in the context of metabolic syndrome. Here, we investigated the effects of amlodipine on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease combined with hypertension and the underlying mechanism. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH mice were fed with high-fat diet and 0.05% N-Nitro-L-arginine methylester sterile water to induce NAFLD with hypertension. Gut microbiota composition and function were assessed by 16S ribosomal DNA and metagenomic sequencing. Untargeted metabolome profiles were applied to identify differential metabolites in mice cecum. KEY RESULTS Amlodipine besylate (AB) and amlodipine aspartate (AA) significantly decreased liver injury, hepatic steatosis and improved lipid metabolism with a concomitant reduction in the expression of lipogenic genes in mice with NAFLD and hypertension. Mechanistically, AA and AB have potential in restoring intestinal barrier integrity and improving antimicrobial defense along with the elevated abundances of Akkermansia, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus. Noteworthily, the gut microbiota in AB and AA-treated mice had higher abundance of functional genes involved in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. Consistently, the strengthened taurine and hypotaurine metabolism was confirmed by the untargeted metabolome analysis. Based on the correlation and causal analysis, the altered gut microbiota composition and the enhancement of taurine and hypotaurine metabolism may synergistically decreased ALT, liver triglycerides, lipogenic genes and plasma cholesterol in HFD-fed hypertensive mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Collectively, AA and AB exert multi-factorial improvements in NAFLD and hypertension by modulating gut microbiota, and may serve as a promising therapeutic agent for treating these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Danyang Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minyi Qian
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuyue Pan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xubin Duan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxin Jia
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lirui Wang
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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72
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Masoodi M, Gastaldelli A, Hyötyläinen T, Arretxe E, Alonso C, Gaggini M, Brosnan J, Anstee QM, Millet O, Ortiz P, Mato JM, Dufour JF, Orešič M. Metabolomics and lipidomics in NAFLD: biomarkers and non-invasive diagnostic tests. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 18:835-856. [PMID: 34508238 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00502-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide and is often associated with aspects of metabolic syndrome. Despite its prevalence and the importance of early diagnosis, there is a lack of robustly validated biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of disease progression in response to a given treatment. In this Review, we provide an overview of the contribution of metabolomics and lipidomics in clinical studies to identify biomarkers associated with NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In addition, we highlight the key metabolic pathways in NAFLD and NASH that have been identified by metabolomics and lipidomics approaches and could potentially be used as biomarkers for non-invasive diagnostic tests. Overall, the studies demonstrated alterations in amino acid metabolism and several aspects of lipid metabolism including circulating fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids and bile acids. Although we report several studies that identified potential biomarkers, few have been validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Masoodi
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- School of Natural Sciences and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Enara Arretxe
- OWL Metabolomics, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Quentin M Anstee
- Clinical & Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Oscar Millet
- Precision Medicine & Metabolism, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Pablo Ortiz
- OWL Metabolomics, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Jose M Mato
- Precision Medicine & Metabolism, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Jean-Francois Dufour
- University Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Hepatology, Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matej Orešič
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden. .,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
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73
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Peng Y, Zeng Q, Wan L, Ma E, Li H, Yang X, Zhang Y, Huang L, Lin H, Feng J, Xu Y, Li J, Liu M, Liu J, Lin C, Sun Z, Cheng G, Zhang X, Liu J, Li D, Wei M, Mo Y, Mu X, Deng X, Zhang D, Dong S, Huang H, Fang Y, Gao Q, Yang X, Wu F, Zhong H, Wei C. GP73 is a TBC-domain Rab GTPase-activating protein contributing to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without obesity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7004. [PMID: 34853313 PMCID: PMC8636488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide with unclear etiology and pathogenesis. Here, we show GP73, a Golgi protein upregulated in livers from patients with a variety of liver diseases, exhibits Rab GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity regulating ApoB export. Upon regular-diet feeding, liver-GP73-high mice display non-obese NAFLD phenotype, characterized by reduced body weight, intrahepatic lipid accumulation, and gradual insulin resistance development, none of which can be recapitulated in liver-GAP inactive GP73-high mice. Common and specific gene expression signatures associated with GP73-induced non-obese NAFLD and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese NAFLD are revealed. Notably, metformin inactivates the GAP activity of GP73 and alleviates GP73-induced non-obese NAFLD. GP73 is pathologically elevated in NAFLD individuals without obesity, and GP73 blockade improves whole-body metabolism in non-obese NAFLD mouse model. These findings reveal a pathophysiological role of GP73 in triggering non-obese NAFLD and may offer an opportunity for clinical intervention. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism and transport contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here the authors identify GP73 as a TBC-domain Rab GTPase-activating protein that regulates very low-density lipoprotein export and promotes NAFLD development in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Peng
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Health management Institute, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luming Wan
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Enhao Ma
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huilong Li
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaopan Yang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Linfei Huang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Haotian Lin
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Jiangyue Feng
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Xu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingfei Li
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Muyi Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Changqin Lin
- Beijing Sungen Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Beijing Sungen Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemiao Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jialong Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongrui Li
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yunhai Mo
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuetao Mu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siqing Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqing Huang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Beijing Sungen Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feixiang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Congwen Wei
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China.
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74
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Pal P, Palui R, Ray S. Heterogeneity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Implications for clinical practice and research activity. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:1584-1610. [PMID: 34904031 PMCID: PMC8637673 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i11.1584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a heterogeneous condition with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and natural history and disease severity. There is also substantial inter-individual variation and variable response to a different therapy. This heterogeneity of NAFLD is in turn influenced by various factors primarily demographic/dietary factors, metabolic status, gut microbiome, genetic predisposition together with epigenetic factors. The differential impact of these factors over a variable period of time influences the clinical phenotype and natural history. Failure to address heterogeneity partly explains the sub-optimal response to current and emerging therapies for fatty liver disease. Consequently, leading experts across the globe have recently suggested a change in nomenclature of NAFLD to metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) which can better reflect current knowledge of heterogeneity and does not exclude concomitant factors for fatty liver disease (e.g. alcohol, viral hepatitis, etc.). Precise identification of disease phenotypes is likely to facilitate clinical trial recruitment and expedite translational research for the development of novel and effective therapies for NAFLD/MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Pal
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad 500082, India
| | - Rajan Palui
- Department of Endocrinology, The Mission Hospital, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayantan Ray
- Department of Endocrinology, Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Kolkata 700137, West Bengal, India
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, Apollo Clinic, Ballygunge, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
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75
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Montgomery MK, Taddese AZ, Bayliss J, Nie S, Williamson NA, Watt MJ. Hexosaminidase A (HEXA) regulates hepatic sphingolipid and lipoprotein metabolism in mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22046. [PMID: 34800307 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101186r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hexosaminidase A (HexA), a heterodimer consisting of HEXA and HEXB, converts the ganglioside sphingolipid GM2 to GM3 by removing a terminal N-acetyl-d-galactosamine. HexA enzyme deficiency in humans leads to GM2 accumulation in cells, particularly in neurons, and is associated with neurodegeneration. While HexA and sphingolipid metabolism have been extensively investigated in the context of neuronal lipid metabolism, little is known about the metabolic impact of HexA and ganglioside degradation in other tissues. Here, we focussed on the role of HexA in the liver, which is a major regulator of systemic lipid metabolism. We find that hepatic Hexa expression is induced by lipid availability and increased in the presence of hepatic steatosis, which is associated with increased hepatic GM3 content. To assess the impact of HEXA on hepatic lipid metabolism, we used an adeno-associated virus to overexpress HEXA in the livers of high-fat diet fed mice. HEXA overexpression was associated with increased hepatic GM3 content and increased expression of enzymes involved in the degradation of glycated sphingolipids, ultimately driving sphingomyelin accumulation in the liver. In addition, HEXA overexpression led to substantial proteome remodeling in cell surface lipid rafts, which was associated with increased VLDL processing and secretion, hypertriglyceridemia and ectopic lipid accumulation in peripheral tissues. This study established an important role of HEXA in modulating hepatic sphingolipid and lipoprotein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene K Montgomery
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanuiel Z Taddese
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Bayliss
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shuai Nie
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Williamson
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew J Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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76
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Bechynska K, Kosek V, Fenclova M, Muchova L, Smid V, Suk J, Chalupsky K, Sticova E, Hurkova K, Hajslova J, Vitek L, Stranska M. The Effect of Mycotoxins and Silymarin on Liver Lipidome of Mice with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111723. [PMID: 34827721 PMCID: PMC8615755 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk thistle-based dietary supplements have become increasingly popular. The extract from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is often used for the treatment of liver diseases because of the presence of its active component, silymarin. However, the co-occurrence of toxic mycotoxins in these preparations is quite frequent as well. The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in composition of liver lipidome and other clinical characteristics of experimental mice fed by a high-fat methionine-choline deficient diet inducing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The mice were exposed to (i) silymarin, (ii) mycotoxins (trichothecenes, enniatins, beauvericin, and altertoxins) and (iii) both silymarin and mycotoxins, and results were compared to the controls. The liver tissue extracts were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Using tools of univariate and multivariate statistical analysis, we were able to identify 48 lipid species from the classes of diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, free fatty acids, fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids and phospholipids clearly reflecting the dysregulation of lipid metabolism upon exposure to mycotoxin and/or silymarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Bechynska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (V.K.); (M.F.); (K.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Vit Kosek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (V.K.); (M.F.); (K.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Marie Fenclova
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (V.K.); (M.F.); (K.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Lucie Muchova
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (J.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Vaclav Smid
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jakub Suk
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (J.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Karel Chalupsky
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Eva Sticova
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamila Hurkova
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (V.K.); (M.F.); (K.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Jana Hajslova
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (V.K.); (M.F.); (K.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Libor Vitek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (J.S.); (L.V.)
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Milena Stranska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.B.); (V.K.); (M.F.); (K.H.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence:
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77
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Arrese M, Arab JP, Barrera F, Kaufmann B, Valenti L, Feldstein AE. Insights into Nonalcoholic Fatty-Liver Disease Heterogeneity. Semin Liver Dis 2021; 41:421-434. [PMID: 34233370 PMCID: PMC8492194 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The acronym nonalcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD) groups a heterogeneous patient population. Although in many patients the primary driver is metabolic dysfunction, a complex and dynamic interaction of different factors (i.e., sex, presence of one or more genetic variants, coexistence of different comorbidities, diverse microbiota composition, and various degrees of alcohol consumption among others) takes place to determine disease subphenotypes with distinct natural history and prognosis and, eventually, different response to therapy. This review aims to address this topic through the analysis of existing data on the differential contribution of known factors to the pathogenesis and clinical expression of NAFLD, thus determining the different clinical subphenotypes observed in practice. To improve our understanding of NAFLD heterogeneity and the dominant drivers of disease in patient subgroups would predictably impact on the development of more precision-targeted therapies for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Arrese
- Department of Gastroenterology, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Address for correspondence Marco Arrese, MD Department of Gastroenterology, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileDiagonal Paraguay #362, 8330077 SantiagoChile
| | - Juan P. Arab
- Department of Gastroenterology, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Barrera
- Department of Gastroenterology, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Benedikt Kaufmann
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California San Diego, California
| | - Luca Valenti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Translational Medicine, Department of Transfusion, Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Pad Marangoni, Milan, Italy
| | - Ariel E. Feldstein
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California San Diego, California,Ariel E. Feldstein, MD Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionUCSD 3020 Children’s Way, MC 5030, San Diego, CA 92103-8450
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78
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Lonardo A. Separating the apples from the oranges: from NAFLD heterogeneity to personalized medicine. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2021.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, Arrese and Colleagues have published a review article entitled, “Insights into Nonalcoholic Fatty-Liver Disease (NAFLD) Heterogeneity” (Semin Liver Dis. 2021;41:421-34. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1730927). This milestone publication clearly and exhaustively explains the multitude of pathogenic pathways involved in the development and progression of disease eventually conducive to heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and different disease outcomes. The present commentary first briefly discusses the biological grounds of NAFLD heterogeneity and then illustrates the work by Arrese et al. In conclusion, the presently adopted nomenclatures appear inadequate in rendering the complexity of disease in the individual patient. In order to adopt the principles of personalized care, what remains to be done is to propose and validate a simple and accurate classification system. This should give full consideration to the principal disease modifiers and should shape a scheme to be adopted in both clinical practice and in the research arena. Care should be taken to not neglect the systemic nature of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Lonardo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41100 Modena, Italy
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79
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Lonardo A. Separating the apples from the oranges: from NAFLD heterogeneity to personalized medicine. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: doi.org/10.37349/emed.2021.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, Arrese and Colleagues have published a review article entitled, “Insights into Nonalcoholic Fatty-Liver Disease (NAFLD) Heterogeneity” (Semin Liver Dis. 2021;41:421-34. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1730927). This milestone publication clearly and exhaustively explains the multitude of pathogenic pathways involved in the development and progression of disease eventually conducive to heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and different disease outcomes. The present commentary first briefly discusses the biological grounds of NAFLD heterogeneity and then illustrates the work by Arrese et al. In conclusion, the presently adopted nomenclatures appear inadequate in rendering the complexity of disease in the individual patient. In order to adopt the principles of personalized care, what remains to be done is to propose and validate a simple and accurate classification system. This should give full consideration to the principal disease modifiers and should shape a scheme to be adopted in both clinical practice and in the research arena. Care should be taken to not neglect the systemic nature of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Lonardo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41100 Modena, Italy
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80
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Flores YN, Amoon AT, Su B, Velazquez-Cruz R, Ramírez-Palacios P, Salmerón J, Rivera-Paredez B, Sinsheimer JS, Lusis AJ, Huertas-Vazquez A, Saab S, Glenn BA, May FP, Williams KJ, Bastani R, Bensinger SJ. Serum lipids are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a pilot case-control study in Mexico. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:136. [PMID: 34629052 PMCID: PMC8504048 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. NAFLD is mediated by changes in lipid metabolism and known risk factors include obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. The aim of this study was to better understand differences in the lipid composition of individuals with NAFLD compared to controls, by performing direct infusion lipidomics on serum biospecimens from a cohort study of adults in Mexico. Methods A nested case-control study was conducted with a sample of 98 NAFLD cases and 100 healthy controls who are participating in an on-going, longitudinal study in Mexico. NAFLD cases were clinically confirmed using elevated liver enzyme tests and liver ultrasound or liver ultrasound elastography, after excluding alcohol abuse, and 100 controls were identified as having at least two consecutive normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (< 40 U/L) results in a 6-month period, and a normal liver ultrasound elastography result in January 2018. Samples were analyzed on the Sciex Lipidyzer Platform and quantified with normalization to serum volume. As many as 1100 lipid species can be identified using the Lipidyzer targeted multiple-reaction monitoring list. The association between serum lipids and NAFLD was investigated using analysis of covariance, random forest analysis, and by generating receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Results NAFLD cases had differences in total amounts of serum cholesterol esters, lysophosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, and triacylglycerols (TAGs), however, other lipid subclasses were similar to controls. Analysis of individual TAG species revealed increased incorporation of saturated fatty acyl tails in serum of NAFLD cases. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and PNPLA3 genotype, a combined panel of ten lipids predicted case or control status better than an area under the ROC curve of 0.83. Conclusions These preliminary results indicate that the serum lipidome differs in patients with NAFLD, compared to healthy controls, and suggest that assessing the desaturation state of TAGs or a specific lipid panel may be useful clinical tools for the diagnosis of NAFLD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-021-01526-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne N Flores
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,UCLA Center for Cancer Prevention and Control and UCLA-Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Morelos, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Aryana T Amoon
- UCLA Center for Cancer Prevention and Control and UCLA-Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Baolong Su
- UCLA Lipidomics Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rafael Velazquez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Metabolismo Óseo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Paula Ramírez-Palacios
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Morelos, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Salmerón
- Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Berenice Rivera-Paredez
- Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Janet S Sinsheimer
- UCLA Department of Human Genetics and Computational Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- UCLA Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adriana Huertas-Vazquez
- UCLA Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sammy Saab
- UCLA Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Pfleger Liver Institute, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth A Glenn
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Center for Cancer Prevention and Control and UCLA-Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Folasade P May
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Center for Cancer Prevention and Control and UCLA-Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kevin J Williams
- UCLA Lipidomics Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roshan Bastani
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Center for Cancer Prevention and Control and UCLA-Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven J Bensinger
- UCLA Lipidomics Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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81
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Fan GH, Wei RL, Wei XY, Zhang CZ, Qi ZT, Xie HY, Zheng SS, Xu X. Key factors and potential drug combinations of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation-based study. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2021; 20:433-451. [PMID: 34233850 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its advanced stage, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), are the major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other end-stage liver disease. However, the potential mechanism and therapeutic strategies have not been clarified. This study aimed to identify potential roles of miRNA/mRNA axis in the pathogenesis and drug combinations in the treatment of NASH. METHODS Microarray GSE59045 and GSE48452 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus and analyzed using R. Then we obtained differentially expressed genes (DE-genes). DAVID database was used for Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathway analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were used for the identification of hub genes. We found upstream regulators of hub genes using miRTarBase. The expression and correlation of key miRNA and its targets were detected by qPCR. Drug Pair Seeker was employed to predict drug combinations against NASH. The expression of miRNA and hub genes in HCC was identified in the Cancer Genome Atlas database and Human Protein Atlas database. RESULTS Ninety-four DE-genes were accessed. GO and KEGG analysis showed that these predicted genes were linked to lipid metabolism. Eleven genes were identified as hub genes in PPI networks, and they were highly expressed in cells with vigorous lipid metabolism. hsa-miR-335-5p was the upstream regulator of 9 genes in the 11 hub genes, and it was identified as a key miRNA. The hub genes were highly expressed in NASH models, while hsa-miR-335-5p was lowly expressed. The correlation of miRNA-mRNA was established by qPCR. Functional verification indicated that hsa-miR-335-5p had inhibitory effect on the development of NASH. Finally, drug combinations were predicted and the expression of miRNA and hub genes in HCC was identified. CONCLUSIONS In the study, potential miRNA-mRNA pathways related to NASH were identified. Targeting these pathways may be novel strategies against NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Han Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Rong-Li Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xu-Yong Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Chen-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhe-Tuo Qi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hai-Yang Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shu-Sen Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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82
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Wang D, Yin J, Zhou Z, Tao Y, Jia Y, Jie H, Zhao J, Li R, Li Y, Guo C, Zhu F, Mao H, Zhang L, Wang Q. Oral Spermidine Targets Brown Fat and Skeletal Muscle to Mitigate Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Disorders. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100315. [PMID: 34363644 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity causes many life-threatening diseases. It is important to develop effective approaches for obesity treatment. Oral supplementation with spermidine retards age-related processes, but its influences on obesity and various metabolic tissues remain largely unknow. This study aims to investigate the effects of oral spermidine on brown adipose tissue (BAT) and skeletal muscle as well as its roles in counteracting obesity and metabolic disorders. METHODS AND RESULTS Spermidine is orally administrated into high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. The weight gain, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis are attenuated by oral spermidine in HFD-fed mice, accompanied by an alleviation of white adipose tissue inflammation. Oral spermidine promotes BAT activation and metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle in HFD-fed mice, evidenced by UCP-1 induction and CREB activation in both tissues. Notably, oral spermidine upregulates tyrosine hydroxylase in hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice; spermidine treatment increases tyrosine hydroxylase expression and norepinephrine production in neurocytes, which leads to CREB activation and UCP-1 induction in brown adipocytes and myotubes. Spermidine also directly promotes UCP-1 and PGC-1α expression in brown adipocytes and myotubes. CONCLUSION Spermidine serves as an oral supplement to attenuate obesity and metabolic disorders through hypothalamus-dependent or -independent BAT activation and skeletal muscle adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jilong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zixin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yufeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haipeng Jie
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ruiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Faliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiting Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Aguiar AJFC, de Queiroz JLC, Santos PPA, Camillo CS, Serquiz AC, Costa IS, Oliveira GS, Gomes AFT, Matias LLR, Costa ROA, Passos TS, Morais AHA. Beneficial Effects of Tamarind Trypsin Inhibitor in Chitosan-Whey Protein Nanoparticles on Hepatic Injury Induced High Glycemic Index Diet: A Preclinical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9968. [PMID: 34576130 PMCID: PMC8470918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have sought new therapies for obesity and liver diseases. This study investigated the effect of the trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seeds (TTI), nanoencapsulated in chitosan and whey protein isolate (ECW), on the liver health status of the Wistar rats fed with a high glycemic index (HGLI) diet. The nanoformulations without TTI (CW) and ECW were obtained by nanoprecipitation technique, physically and chemically characterized, and then administered to the animals. The adult male Wistar rats (n = 20) were allocated to four groups: HGLI diet + water; standard diet + water; HGLI diet + ECW (12.5 mg/kg); and HGLI diet + CW (10.0 mg/kg), 1 mL per gagave, for ten days. They were evaluated using biochemical and hematological parameters, Fibrosis-4 Index for Liver Fibrosis (FIB-4), AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) scores, and liver morphology. Both nanoparticles presented spherical shape, smooth surface, and nanometric size [120.7 nm (ECW) and 136.4 nm (CW)]. In animals, ECW reduced (p < 0.05) blood glucose (17%), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (39%), and alkaline phosphatase (24%). Besides, ECW reduced (p < 0.05) APRI and FIB-4 scores and presented a better aspect of hepatic morphology. ECW promoted benefits over a liver injury caused by the HGLI diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J. F. C. Aguiar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (A.J.F.C.A.); (J.L.C.d.Q.); (I.S.C.); (L.L.R.M.); (R.O.A.C.)
| | - Jaluza L. C. de Queiroz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (A.J.F.C.A.); (J.L.C.d.Q.); (I.S.C.); (L.L.R.M.); (R.O.A.C.)
| | - Pedro P. A. Santos
- Structural and Functional Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (P.P.A.S.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Christina S. Camillo
- Structural and Functional Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (P.P.A.S.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Alexandre C. Serquiz
- Nutrition Course, University Center of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.014-545, RN, Brazil;
| | - Izael S. Costa
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (A.J.F.C.A.); (J.L.C.d.Q.); (I.S.C.); (L.L.R.M.); (R.O.A.C.)
- Nutrition Course, Potiguar University, Natal 59.056-000, RN, Brazil
| | - Gerciane S. Oliveira
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.S.O.); (A.F.T.G.)
| | - Ana F. T. Gomes
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.S.O.); (A.F.T.G.)
| | - Lídia L. R. Matias
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (A.J.F.C.A.); (J.L.C.d.Q.); (I.S.C.); (L.L.R.M.); (R.O.A.C.)
| | - Rafael O. A. Costa
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (A.J.F.C.A.); (J.L.C.d.Q.); (I.S.C.); (L.L.R.M.); (R.O.A.C.)
| | - Thaís S. Passos
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil;
| | - Ana H. A. Morais
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (A.J.F.C.A.); (J.L.C.d.Q.); (I.S.C.); (L.L.R.M.); (R.O.A.C.)
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (G.S.O.); (A.F.T.G.)
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil;
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84
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Vvedenskaya O, Rose TD, Knittelfelder O, Palladini A, Wodke JAH, Schuhmann K, Ackerman JM, Wang Y, Has C, Brosch M, Thangapandi VR, Buch S, Züllig T, Hartler J, Köfeler HC, Röcken C, Coskun Ü, Klipp E, von Schoenfels W, Gross J, Schafmayer C, Hampe J, Pauling JK, Shevchenko A. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease stratification by liver lipidomics. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100104. [PMID: 34384788 PMCID: PMC8488246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic dysfunction leading to hepatic steatosis. However, NAFLD's global impact on the liver lipidome is poorly understood. Using high-resolution shotgun mass spectrometry, we quantified the molar abundance of 316 species from 22 major lipid classes in liver biopsies of 365 patients, including nonsteatotic patients with normal or excessive weight, patients diagnosed with NAFL (nonalcoholic fatty liver) or NASH (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis), and patients bearing common mutations of NAFLD-related protein factors. We confirmed the progressive accumulation of di- and triacylglycerols and cholesteryl esters in the liver of NAFL and NASH patients, while the bulk composition of glycerophospho- and sphingolipids remained unchanged. Further stratification by biclustering analysis identified sphingomyelin species comprising n24:2 fatty acid moieties as membrane lipid markers of NAFLD. Normalized relative abundance of sphingomyelins SM 43:3;2 and SM 43:1;2 containing n24:2 and n24:0 fatty acid moieties, respectively, showed opposite trends during NAFLD progression and distinguished NAFL and NASH lipidomes from the lipidome of nonsteatotic livers. Together with several glycerophospholipids containing a C22:6 fatty acid moiety, these lipids serve as markers of early and advanced stages of NAFL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vvedenskaya
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tim Daniel Rose
- LipiTUM, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oskar Knittelfelder
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alessandra Palladini
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Zentrum Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Kai Schuhmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Yuting Wang
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Canan Has
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mario Brosch
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Veera Raghavan Thangapandi
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Buch
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Züllig
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jürgen Hartler
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald C Köfeler
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Ünal Coskun
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Zentrum Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Membrane Biochemistry and Lipid Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Edda Klipp
- Theoretical Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Witigo von Schoenfels
- Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel Campus, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Christian Albrechts University in Kiel Center of Clinical Anatomy Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Justus Gross
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Josch Konstantin Pauling
- LipiTUM, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Andrej Shevchenko
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
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85
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Guan Q, Ding XW, Zhong LY, Zhu C, Nie P, Song LH. Beneficial effects of Lactobacillus-fermented black barley on high fat diet-induced fatty liver in rats. Food Funct 2021; 12:6526-6539. [PMID: 34095944 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00290b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A long-term high-fat (HF) diet can cause metabolic disorders, which might induce visceral obesity and ectopic triglyceride storage (e.g., hepatic steatosis), and increase hepatic oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development of complications associated with obesity. Fermented whole cereal foods exhibit healthy potential due to their unique phytochemical composition and the presence of probiotics. In the present study, the regular nutrients and phytochemicals of Lactobacillus-fermented black barley (Hordeum distichum L.) were analyzed. Further, the black barley fermentation broth (1 mL per 100 g BW per d, equivalent to 1 mL per kg BW of daily human intake) was administered orally to the rats fed on a high fat diet (HF). The anti-oxidative activity and hepatic metabolic profile of Lactobacillus-fermented black barley were investigated. The results showed that the fermentation processing significantly increased the contents of polyphenols (e.g., ferulic acid, etc.), flavonoids (e.g., flavone, etc.), vitamin B1 and B2, partial mineral elements (e.g., Ca, etc.), and thymine. Furthermore, compared to the HF-fed only rats, fermented black barley treatment significantly increased the activities of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GSH-PX (glutathione peroxidase), and decreased the level of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in serum, the levels of TG (triglyceride), TC (total cholesterol), NEFA (non-esterified fatty acid) in the liver, and the levels of TC, NEFA in the adipose tissue. This suggested the beneficial effects of fermented black barley on ameliorating oxidative stress and hepatic steatosis, which could be attributed to its regulatory role in the hepatic metabolism of glycerophospholipids, nicotinate and nicotinamide, glutathione, and nucleotide, and on the expression of genes related to oxidative stress (Heat shock protein 90 and reactive oxygen species modulator 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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86
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Dong M, Liu S, Wang M, Wang Y, Xin Y, Xuan S. Relationship between AGT rs2493132 polymorphism and the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with NAFLD in the Chinese Han population. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211019263. [PMID: 34275374 PMCID: PMC8293844 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211019263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between angiotensin (AGT) rs2493132 gene polymorphism and the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Chinese Han population. Methods Polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine AGT genotypes. Anthropometric and clinical data were investigated and statistically analyzed in the clinical laboratory department of Qingdao Municipal Hospital. Results The AGT rs2493132 CT + TT genotype was an important risk factor for CAD in patients with NAFLD and NAFLD + CAD in healthy controls. The AGT rs2493132 T allele increased the risk of NAFLD + CAD in healthy controls. The AGT rs2493132 CT + TT genotype and T allele also significantly increased the risk of CAD in patients with NAFLD after adjustments for age, sex, and body mass index. In addition, AGT rs2493132 T allele carriers showed higher total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels compared with non-carriers. Conclusions The AGT rs2493132 CT + TT genotype and T allele significantly increased the risk of developing CAD in patients with NAFLD in the Chinese Han population. The AGT rs2493132 T allele was associated with increased serum TC and LDL levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Dong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shousheng Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Digestive Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengke Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yifen Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongning Xin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Digestive Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiying Xuan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Digestive Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
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87
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Safety, Tolerability, and Physiological Effects of AXA1665, a Novel Composition of Amino Acids, in Subjects With Child-Pugh A and B Cirrhosis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 11:e00222. [PMID: 32955200 PMCID: PMC7423914 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AXA1665 is a novel investigational amino acid (AA) composition specifically designed to impact AA imbalance, ammoniagenesis, and dysregulated anabolic activity associated with cirrhosis. METHODS This 2-part study examined AXA1665 effects on safety, tolerability, and hepatic/muscle physiology in subjects with Child-Pugh A and B cirrhosis. Part 1 established plasma ammonia and AA concentration baselines with a standardized protein supplement. Part 2 included two 15-day domiciled periods separated by a 14-day washout. In period 1, subjects were randomly distributed to 2 groups: AXA1665 14.7 g t.i.d. (group 1) or control t.i.d. (group 2). In period 2, subjects from group 1 crossed over to control and those in group 2 crossed over to AXA1665 4.9 g t.i.d. All subjects were maintained on standard of care (standardized meals; 30-minute daily, supervised, mandatory physical activity; and daily late-evening snack). RESULTS In parts 1 and 2, 23 and 17 participants were enrolled, respectively. Dose-dependent increases were observed in plasma concentrations of AXA1665-constituent AAs. Fasted branched-chain AA-to-aromatic AA and valine-to-phenylalanine ratios were both increased (AXA1665 14.7 g t.i.d. control-adjusted change: 44.3% ± 2.7% and 47.2% ± 3.9%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Despite provision of additional nitrogen, mean fasted plasma ammonia concentration at day 15 numerically decreased (-21.1% in AXA1665 14.7 g t.i.d. vs -3.8% in control; P > 0.05). AXA1665 14.7 g t.i.d. produced a leaner body composition and significantly decreased Liver Frailty Index at day 15 vs control (-0.70 ± 0.15 vs -0.14 ± 0.17; P < 0.05). AXA1665 was safe and well tolerated. DISCUSSION AXA1665 has potential to mitigate core metabolic derangements associated with cirrhosis.
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Han Q, Li H, Jia M, Wang L, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Zhang Q, Meng Z, Shao J, Yang Y, Zhu L. Age-related changes in metabolites in young donor livers and old recipient sera after liver transplantation from young to old rats. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13425. [PMID: 34157207 PMCID: PMC8282239 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver ageing not only damages liver function but also harms systemic metabolism. To better understand the mechanisms underlying liver ageing, we transplanted the livers of young rats to young and old rats and performed untargeted metabolomics to detect changes in the metabolites in the liver tissues and sera. A total of 153 metabolites in the livers and 83 metabolites in the sera were different between the old and young rats that did not undergo liver transplantation; among these metabolites, 7 different metabolites were observed in both the livers and sera. Five weeks after liver transplantation, the levels of 25 metabolites in the young donor livers were similar to those in the old rats, and this result probably occurred due to the effect of the whole‐body environment of the older recipients on the young livers. The 25 altered metabolites included organic acids and derivatives, lipids and lipid‐like molecules, etc. In the sera, the differences in 78 metabolites, which were significant between the young and old rats, were insignificant in the old recipient rats and made the metabolic profile of the old recipients more similar to that of the young recipients. Finally, combining the above metabolomic data with the transcriptomic data from the GEO, we found that the altered metabolites and genes in the liver were enriched in 9 metabolic pathways, including glycerophospholipid, arachidonic acid, histidine and linoleate. Thus, this study revealed important age‐related metabolites and potential pathways as well as the interaction between the liver and the whole‐body environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunhua Han
- Department of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic‐chemical Injury Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, and Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Hui Li
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi‐Organ Transplantation The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Mengyuan Jia
- Department of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic‐chemical Injury Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Lin Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Yulan Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Mangli Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic‐chemical Injury Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Zhuoxian Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Jimin Shao
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, and Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center Hangzhou China
| | - Yunmei Yang
- Department of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic‐chemical Injury Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic‐chemical Injury Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
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Bernardo‐Seisdedos G, Bilbao J, Fernández‐Ramos D, Lopitz‐Otsoa F, Gutierrez de Juan V, Bizkarguenaga M, Mateos B, Fondevila MF, Abril‐Fornaguera J, Diercks T, Lu SC, Nogueiras R, Mato JM, Millet O. Metabolic Landscape of the Mouse Liver by Quantitative 31 P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis of the Phosphorome. Hepatology 2021; 74:148-163. [PMID: 33284502 PMCID: PMC8362057 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The liver plays a central role in all metabolic processes in the body. However, precise characterization of liver metabolism is often obscured by its inherent complexity. Phosphorylated metabolites occupy a prominent position in all anabolic and catabolic pathways. Here, we develop a 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based method to study the liver "phosphorome" through the simultaneous identification and quantification of multiple hydrophilic and hydrophobic phosphorylated metabolites. APPROACH AND RESULTS We applied this technique to define the metabolic landscape in livers from a mouse model of the rare disease disorder congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) as well as two well-known murine models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: one genetic, methionine adenosyltransferase 1A knockout mice, and the other dietary, mice fed a high-fat choline-deficient diet. We report alterations in the concentrations of phosphorylated metabolites that are readouts of the balance between glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation and of phospholipid metabolism and apoptosis. Moreover, these changes correlate with the main histological features: steatosis, apoptosis, iron deposits, and fibrosis. Strikingly, treatment with the repurposed drug ciclopirox improves the phosphoromic profile of CEP mice, an effect that was mirrored by the normalization of liver histology. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these findings indicate that NMR-based phosphoromics may be used to unravel metabolic phenotypes of liver injury and to identify the mechanism of drug action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganeko Bernardo‐Seisdedos
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism LaboratoryCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaDerioSpain,ATLAS Molecular Pharma S. L.DerioSpain
| | - Jon Bilbao
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism LaboratoryCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaDerioSpain
| | - David Fernández‐Ramos
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism LaboratoryCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaDerioSpain,CIBERehdInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Fernando Lopitz‐Otsoa
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism LaboratoryCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaDerioSpain
| | - Virginia Gutierrez de Juan
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism LaboratoryCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaDerioSpain
| | - Maider Bizkarguenaga
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism LaboratoryCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaDerioSpain
| | - Borja Mateos
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism LaboratoryCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaDerioSpain,Department of Structural and Computational BiologyUniversity of ViennaMax Perutz LabsVienna Biocenter Campus 5ViennaAustria
| | - Marcos F. Fondevila
- Department of PhysiologyCIMUSUniversity of Santiago de Compostela‐Instituto de Investigación SanitariaSantiago de CompostelaSpain,CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn)Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Jordi Abril‐Fornaguera
- Liver Cancer Translational Research LaboratoryInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)Hospital ClínicUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaCataloniaSpain
| | - Tammo Diercks
- NMR PlatformCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaBizkaiaSpain
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- Division of Digestive and Liver DiseasesDepartment of MedicineCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- Department of PhysiologyCIMUSUniversity of Santiago de Compostela‐Instituto de Investigación SanitariaSantiago de CompostelaSpain,CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn)Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - José M. Mato
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism LaboratoryCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaDerioSpain,CIBERehdInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Oscar Millet
- Precision Medicine and Metabolism LaboratoryCIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceParque Tecnológico de BizkaiaDerioSpain,ATLAS Molecular Pharma S. L.DerioSpain
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90
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Marques V, Afonso MB, Bierig N, Duarte-Ramos F, Santos-Laso Á, Jimenez-Agüero R, Eizaguirre E, Bujanda L, Pareja MJ, Luís R, Costa A, Machado MV, Alonso C, Arretxe E, Alustiza JM, Krawczyk M, Lammert F, Tiniakos DG, Flehmig B, Cortez-Pinto H, Banales JM, Castro RE, Normann A, Rodrigues CMP. Adiponectin, Leptin, and IGF-1 Are Useful Diagnostic and Stratification Biomarkers of NAFLD. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:683250. [PMID: 34249975 PMCID: PMC8260936 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.683250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease where liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Here we aimed to evaluate the role of circulating adiponectin, leptin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels as non-invasive NAFLD biomarkers and assess their correlation with the metabolome. Materials and Methods: Leptin, adiponectin, and IGF-1 serum levels were measured by ELISA in two independent cohorts of biopsy-proven obese NAFLD patients and healthy-liver controls (discovery: 38 NAFLD, 13 controls; validation: 194 NAFLD, 31 controls) and correlated with clinical data, histology, genetic parameters, and serum metabolomics. Results: In both cohorts, leptin increased in NAFLD vs. controls (discovery: AUROC 0.88; validation: AUROC 0.83; p < 0.0001). The leptin levels were similar between obese and non-obese healthy controls, suggesting that obesity is not a confounding factor. In the discovery cohort, adiponectin was lower in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) vs. non-alcoholic fatty liver (AUROC 0.87; p < 0.0001). For the validation cohort, significance was attained for homozygous for PNPLA3 allele c.444C (AUROC 0.63; p < 0.05). Combining adiponectin with specific serum lipids improved the assay performance (AUROC 0.80; p < 0.0001). For the validation cohort, IGF-1 was lower with advanced fibrosis (AUROC 0.67, p < 0.05), but combination with international normalized ratio (INR) and ferritin increased the assay performance (AUROC 0.81; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Serum leptin discriminates NAFLD, and adiponectin combined with specific lipids stratifies NASH. IGF-1, INR, and ferritin distinguish advanced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Marques
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta B Afonso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Filipa Duarte-Ramos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Álvaro Santos-Laso
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Raul Jimenez-Agüero
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Emma Eizaguirre
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.,National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rita Luís
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adília Costa
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana V Machado
- Faculdade de Medicina, Clinica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Enara Arretxe
- OWL Metabolomics, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - José M Alustiza
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.,Radiology Service, Osatek, Donostia, Spain
| | - Marcin Krawczyk
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dina G Tiniakos
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Department of Pathology, Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Helena Cortez-Pinto
- Faculdade de Medicina, Clinica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.,National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Rui E Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Wan X, Ma B, Wang X, Guo C, Sun J, Cui J, Li L. S-Adenosylmethionine Alleviates Amyloid-β-Induced Neural Injury by Enhancing Trans-Sulfuration Pathway Activity in Astrocytes. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:981-995. [PMID: 32597804 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione (GSH) is an important endogenous antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative injury. Cysteine (Cys), the substrate limiting the production of GSH, is mainly generated from the trans-sulfuration pathway. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is a critical molecule produced in the methionine cycle and can be utilized by the trans-sulfuration pathway. Reductions in GSH and SAM as well as dysfunction in the trans-sulfuration pathway have been documented in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Our previous in vivo study revealed that SAM administration attenuated oxidative stress induced by amyloid-β (Aβ) through the enhancement of GSH. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Aβ-induced oxidative stress on the trans-sulfuration pathway in astrocytes and neurons, respectively, and the protective effect of SAM on neurons. METHODS APP/PS1 transgenic mice and the primary cultured astrocytes, neurons, and HT22 cells were used in the current study. RESULTS SAM could rescue the low trans-sulfuration pathway activity induced by Aβ only in astrocytes, accompanying with increasing levels of Cys and GSH. The decrease of cellular viability of neurons caused by Aβ was greatly reversed when co-cultured with astrocytes with SAM intervention. Meanwhile, SAM improved cognitive performance in APP/PS1 mice. CONCLUSION In terms of astrocyte protection from oxidative stress, SAM might be a potent antioxidant in the therapy of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkun Wan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenjia Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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92
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Lee JH, Lee HS, Cho AR, Lee YJ, Kwon YJ. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is an Independent Risk Factor for LDL Cholesterol Target Level. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073442. [PMID: 33810315 PMCID: PMC8037151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) face a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is not known whether people with NAFLD are less likely to achieve optimal management of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol than those without NAFLD. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal effect of NAFLD on the management of LDL cholesterol in 5610 adults from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Participants were classified into NAFLD and normal groups. Non-achievement of the target LDL cholesterol level was set according to one's cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk level. The estimated proportion of individuals who did not achieve their LDL cholesterol targets was higher in the NAFLD group than in the normal group during the follow-up period of 12 years in a generalized estimation equation model. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed a hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for incident non-achievement of one's LDL cholesterol target of 1.196 (1.057-1.353) in the NAFLD group (p = 0.005). We found that NAFLD was significantly related to non-achievement of LDL cholesterol targets in this prospective cohort study. Prevention and proper management of NAFLD have important health implications for the prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea;
- School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea;
| | - A-Ra Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul 06273, Korea; (A.-R.C.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul 06273, Korea; (A.-R.C.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin-si 16995, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-5189-8777
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93
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Yin XZ, Chi WM, Zhang L, Su YQ, Zhang ZY, Xue CB. Protective effects of Dendrobium candidum Wall ex Lindl. on high-fat diet-induced liver damage in mice. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13687. [PMID: 33665859 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
D. candidum Wall. ex Lindl. (D. candidum) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with multiple therapeutic properties. D. candidum was administered to mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its mechanism of action was elucidated. D. candidum was intragastrically administered to HFD mice for 6 weeks at a dosage of 200 or 400 mg/kg. D. candidum reduced body weight gain and blood glucose levels in HFD mice in a dose-dependent manner, while significantly reducing lipid accumulation in the liver. D. candidum significantly regulated the expression of lipid metabolism- and gluconeogenesis-related genes and inhibited activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In summary, D. candidum significantly inhibits fat accumulation, maintains lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis, and inhibits the inflammatory response in the liver of HFD mice. Our findings suggest that D. candidum may be an effective therapeutic strategy against NAFLD injury. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The occurrence and development of fatty liver is closely related to abnormalities in lipid and glucose metabolism. An HFD-induced NAFLD mouse model was used to study the effects of D. candidum. After treatment with D. candidum, lipid and glucose metabolism in the mice was effectively regulated, which reduced liver damage and fat storage with obvious protective effects on the liver. Our results suggest that D. candidum has potential for further clinical application in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Zhang Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-Ming Chi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Xiantao, Xiantao, China
| | - Yan-Qi Su
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Caidian District People's Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tianyou Hospital Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Sun M, Zhang J, Liang S, Du Z, Liu J, Sun Z, Duan J. Metabolomic characteristics of hepatotoxicity in rats induced by silica nanoparticles. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111496. [PMID: 33099137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have become one of the most widely studied nanoparticles in nanotechnology for environmental health and safety. Although many studies have devoted to evaluating the hepatotoxicity of SiNPs, it is currently impossible to predict the extent of liver lipid metabolism disorder by identifying changes in metabolites. In the present study, 40 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group and 3 groups with different doses (1.8 mg/kg body weight (bw), 5.4 mg/kg bw, 16.2 mg/kg bw), receiving intratracheal instillation of SiNPs. Liver tissue was taken for lipid level analysis, and serum was used for blood biochemical analysis. Then, the metabolites changes of liver tissue in rats were systematically analyzed using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) techniques in combination with multivariate statistical analysis. SiNPs induced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and triglyceride (TG) elevation in treated groups; TG and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly higher in SiNPs-treated groups of high-dose, however high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) showed a declining trend in liver tissue. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) scores plots revealed different metabolic profiles between control and high-dose group (Q2 =0.495, R2Y=0.802, p = 0.037), and a total of 11 differential metabolites. Pathway analysis indicated that SiNPs treatment mainly affected 10 metabolic pathways including purine metabolism, glucose-alanine cycle and metabolism of various amino acids such as glutamate, cysteine and aspartate (impact value>0.1, false discovery rate (FDR)< 0.05). The result indicated that exposure to SiNPs caused liver lipid metabolism disorder in rats, the biochemical criterions related to lipid metabolism changed significantly. The obviously changed metabolomics in SiNPs-treated rats mostly occurred in amino acids, organic acids and nucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Zhou Du
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Jiangyan Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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95
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Ma Y, Kan C, Qiu H, Liu Y, Hou N, Han F, Shi J, Sun X. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Protective Effects of Empagliflozin on Lipid Metabolism in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:793586. [PMID: 34992540 PMCID: PMC8724565 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.793586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Empagliflozin is a novel type of sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitor with diverse beneficial effects in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although empagliflozin impacts NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated transcriptional regulation pathways affected by empagliflozin in a mouse model of NAFLD. In this study, NAFLD was established in male C57BL/6J mice by administration of a high-fat diet; it was then treated with empagliflozin and whole transcriptome analysis was conducted. Gene expression levels detected by transcriptome analysis were then verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, protein levels detected by Western Blot. Differential expression genes screened from RNA-Seq data were enriched in lipid metabolism and synthesis. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) results showed decreased lipid synthesis and improved lipid metabolism. Empagliflozin improved NAFLD through enhanced triglyceride transfer, triglyceride lipolysis and microsomal mitochondrial β-oxidation. This study provides new insights concerning the mechanisms by which sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitors impact NAFLD, particularly in terms of liver lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism-related genes identified in this experiment provide robust evidence for further analyses of the mechanism by which empagliflozin impacts NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongyan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yongping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ningning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Weifang, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- *Correspondence: Junfeng Shi, ; Xiaodong Sun,
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Branch of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- *Correspondence: Junfeng Shi, ; Xiaodong Sun,
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96
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Can Walnut Serve as a Magic Bullet for the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease? APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app11010218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Walnut contains many nutrients and bioactive components such as essential fatty acids, polyphenols, fiber, ɤ-tocopherol, folate, minerals, and vegetable protein, and has therefore been regarded as a natural functional food. Walnut-enriched diets have been demonstrated to be useful for heart health, cancer prevention, and metabolic disorders owing to their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties as well as for the maintenance of a healthy metabolism and immune function. Walnut extracts, either phenolic or lipid, also demonstrated the health effects in animal and cultured cell studies. More recently, the beneficial effects of walnut consumption on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is a hepatic manifestation of obesity, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome with substantial hepatic accumulation of triglyceride, have been proposed because walnut and a walnut-containing diet can modulate the etiologic mechanism such as ameliorating systemic and hepatic dyslipidemia, reducing lipotoxicity and inflammation, enhancing immune function, and maintaining gut microbiota balance. Through the extensive literature review we discuss the preventive roles of walnut in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and provide mechanistic insights into these effects.
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Rives C, Fougerat A, Ellero-Simatos S, Loiseau N, Guillou H, Gamet-Payrastre L, Wahli W. Oxidative Stress in NAFLD: Role of Nutrients and Food Contaminants. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1702. [PMID: 33371482 PMCID: PMC7767499 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is often the hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome and its comorbidities that comprise, among others, obesity and insulin-resistance. NAFLD involves a large spectrum of clinical conditions. These range from steatosis, a benign liver disorder characterized by the accumulation of fat in hepatocytes, to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by inflammation, hepatocyte damage, and liver fibrosis. NASH can further progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The etiology of NAFLD involves both genetic and environmental factors, including an unhealthy lifestyle. Of note, unhealthy eating is clearly associated with NAFLD development and progression to NASH. Both macronutrients (sugars, lipids, proteins) and micronutrients (vitamins, phytoingredients, antioxidants) affect NAFLD pathogenesis. Furthermore, some evidence indicates disruption of metabolic homeostasis by food contaminants, some of which are risk factor candidates in NAFLD. At the molecular level, several models have been proposed for the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Most importantly, oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage have been reported to be causative in NAFLD initiation and progression. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the contribution of nutrients and food contaminants, especially pesticides, to oxidative stress and how they may influence NAFLD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Rives
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, EVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France; (C.R.); (A.F.); (S.E.-S.); (N.L.); (H.G.)
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, EVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France; (C.R.); (A.F.); (S.E.-S.); (N.L.); (H.G.)
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, EVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France; (C.R.); (A.F.); (S.E.-S.); (N.L.); (H.G.)
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, EVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France; (C.R.); (A.F.); (S.E.-S.); (N.L.); (H.G.)
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, EVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France; (C.R.); (A.F.); (S.E.-S.); (N.L.); (H.G.)
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, EVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France; (C.R.); (A.F.); (S.E.-S.); (N.L.); (H.G.)
| | - Walter Wahli
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, EVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France; (C.R.); (A.F.); (S.E.-S.); (N.L.); (H.G.)
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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98
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Tung YC, Liang ZR, Chou SF, Ho CT, Kuo YL, Cheng KC, Lu TJ, Chang YC, Pan MH. Fermented Soy Paste Alleviates Lipid Accumulation in the Liver by Regulating the AMPK Pathway and Modulating Gut Microbiota in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:9345-9357. [PMID: 32786868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease due to lipid accumulation in the hepatocyte. Diet, especially a high-fat diet, is one risk factor that leads to NAFLD. Many natural compounds such as isoflavones have antiobesity effects. Therefore, intake of these functional compounds through daily dietary choices is a method of improving health. Miso is a kind of fermented soy paste, which is rich in isoflavones and has a different biological activity. In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of fermented soy paste on NAFLD in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The results showed that 2% fermented soy paste decreased serum triacylglycerol (TG) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and reduced lipid accumulation in the liver through induced fatty acid oxidation by activating the adenosine 5'-monophosphate -activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and increasing PGC1α and CPT1α protein expression. Furthermore, we found that 2% fermented soy paste increased the abundance of Prevotellaceae NK3B31 and Desulfovibrio. Taken together, fermented soy paste improved HFD-induced lipid accumulation in the liver by activating fatty acid oxidation and modulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chen Tung
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Rong Liang
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - San-Fang Chou
- Department of Medical Research, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Ban-Chiao, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Yu-Lun Kuo
- Biotools Co., Ltd, 221, New Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jang Lu
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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99
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Qin J, Ru S, Wang W, Hao L, Ru Y, Wang J, Zhang X. Long-term bisphenol S exposure aggravates non-alcoholic fatty liver by regulating lipid metabolism and inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress response with activation of unfolded protein response in male zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114535. [PMID: 32283406 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental chemical exposures have been implicated as risk factors for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). Bisphenol S (BPS), widely used in multitudinous consumer products, could disrupt lipid metabolism in the liver. This study aimed at examining the hypothesis that long-term exposure to BPS promotes the development of liver fibrosis and inflammation by means of the application of a semi-static exposure experiment that exposed zebrafish to 1, 10, and 100 μg/L BPS from 3 h post fertilization to 120 day post fertilization. Results showed that the 120-d BPS exposure elevated plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities, increased triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol levels in male liver, and even induced hepatic apoptosis and fibrosis. Hepatic lipid accumulation observed in the 30-d BPS-exposed zebrafish was recovered after a 90-d depuration phase, thereby indicating that long-term BPS exposure promotes the progression of simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Furthermore, BPS exposure for 120-d promoted the synthesis of TAG and lipotoxic free fatty acids by elevating the transcription of srebp1, acc, fasn, and elovl6, induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress with increasing expression levels of unfolded protein response (UPR) genes (perk, hsp5, atf4a, and ddit3), and then stimulated the expression of two key autophagy genes (atg3 and lc3) and inflammatory genes (il1b and tnfα). It is indicated that BPS can induce the development of steatohepatitis via the activation of the PERK-ATF4a pathway of the UPR. Data gathered suggest that environmental pollutants-induced ER stress with the activation of UPR can potentially trigger the NAFLD development in males. Overall, our study provided new sights into understanding of the adverse health effects of metabolism disrupting chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Qin
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Liping Hao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yiran Ru
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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100
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The Molecular Function and Clinical Role of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor in Cancer Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071730. [PMID: 32698392 PMCID: PMC7407617 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and its cognate receptor (TSHR) are of crucial importance for thyrocytes to proliferate and exert their functions. Although TSHR is predominantly expressed in thyrocytes, several studies have revealed that functional TSHR can also be detected in many extra-thyroid tissues, such as primary ovarian and hepatic tissues as well as their corresponding malignancies. Recent advances in cancer biology further raise the possibility of utilizing TSH and/or TSHR as a therapeutic target or as an informative index to predict treatment responses in cancer patients. The TSH/TSHR cascade has been considered a pivotal modulator for carcinogenesis and/or tumor progression in these cancers. TSHR belongs to a sub-group of family A G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which activate a bundle of well-defined signaling transduction pathways to enhance cell renewal in response to external stimuli. In this review, recent findings regarding the molecular basis of TSH/TSHR functions in either thyroid or extra-thyroid tissues and the potential of directly targeting TSHR as an anticancer strategy are summarized and discussed.
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