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Loeffler I, Liebisch M, Daniel C, Amann K, Wolf G. Heterozygosity of mitogen-activated protein kinase organizer 1 ameliorates diabetic nephropathy and suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like changes in db/db mice. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 32:2017-2034. [PMID: 28992060 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Progressive diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by tubulointerstitial fibrosis that is caused by accumulation of extracellular matrix. Induced by several factors, matrix-producing myofibroblasts may to some extent originate from tubular cells by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although previous data document that activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signalling can be renoprotective in acute kidney disease, this issue remains controversial in chronic kidney injury. Here, we studied whether DN and EMT-like changes are ameliorated in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus with increased stability and activity of the HIF. Methods We used db/db mice that were crossed with transgenic mice expressing reduced levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase organizer 1 (MORG1), a scaffold protein interacting with prolyl hydroxylase domain 3 (PHD3), because of deletion of one MORG1 allele. Results We found significantly reduced nephropathy in diabetic MORG1+/- heterozygous mice compared with the diabetic wild-types (db/dbXMORG1+/+). Furthermore, we demonstrated that EMT-like changes in the tubulointerstitium of diabetic wild-type MORG1+/+ mice are present, whereas diabetic mice with reduced expression of MORG1 showed significantly fewer EMT-like changes. Conclusions These findings reveal that a deletion of one MORG1 allele inhibits the development of DN in db/db mice. The data suggest that the diminished interstitial fibrosis in these mice is a likely consequence of suppressed EMT-like changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Loeffler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Marita Liebisch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gunter Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
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Yan T, Venkat P, Chopp M, Zacharek A, Yu P, Ning R, Qiao X, Kelley MR, Chen J. APX3330 Promotes Neurorestorative Effects after Stroke in Type One Diabetic Rats. Aging Dis 2018; 9:453-466. [PMID: 29896433 PMCID: PMC5988600 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
APX3330 is a selective inhibitor of APE1/Ref-1 redox activity. In this study, we investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of APX3330 treatment in type one diabetes mellitus (T1DM) stroke rats. Adult male Wistar rats were induced with T1DM and subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and treated with either PBS or APX3330 (10mg/kg, oral gavage) starting at 24h after MCAo, and daily for 14 days. Rats were sacrificed at 14 days after MCAo and, blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability, ischemic lesion volume, immunohistochemistry, cell death assay, Western blot, real time PCR, and angiogenic ELISA array were performed. Compared to PBS treatment, APX3330 treatment of stroke in T1DM rats significantly improves neurological functional outcome, decreases lesion volume, and improves BBB integrity as well as decreases total vessel density and VEGF expression, while significantly increases arterial density in the ischemic border zone (IBZ). APX3330 significantly increases myelin density, oligodendrocyte number, oligodendrocyte progenitor cell number, synaptic protein expression, and induces M2 macrophage polarization in the IBZ of T1DM stroke rats. Compared to PBS treatment, APX3330 treatment significantly decreases plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts expression in the ischemic brain of T1DM stroke rats. APX3330 treatment significantly decreases cell death and MMP9 and PAI-1 gene expression in cultured primary cortical neurons subjected to high glucose and oxygen glucose deprivation, compared to untreated control cells. APX3330 treatment increases M2 macrophage polarization and decreases inflammatory factor expression in the ischemic brain as well as promotes neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects after stroke in T1DM rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- 1Gerontology Institute, Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Poornima Venkat
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,3Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Alex Zacharek
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Peng Yu
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ruizhuo Ning
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,4Department of Neurology, First Hospital Harbin, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoxi Qiao
- 5Department of Ophthalmology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mark R Kelley
- 6Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jieli Chen
- 2Department of Neurology, Henry Ford hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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53
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Toker H, Balci Yuce H, Lektemur Alpan A, Gevrek F, Elmastas M. Morphometric and histopathological evaluation of the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin on alveolar bone loss in experimental diabetes and periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:478-486. [PMID: 29446089 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Grape seed proanthocyanidine extract (GSPE) is a strong antioxidant derived from the grape seeds (Vitis vinifera, Terral J.F.) and has a polyphenolic structure with a wide range of biological activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of GSPE on alveolar bone loss and histopathological changes in rats with diabetes mellitus and ligature-induced periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty rats were divided into 6 study groups. Control (C, 6 rats) group, periodontitis (P, 6 rats) group, diabetes (D, 6 rats) group, diabetes and periodontitis (D+P, 6 rats) group, diabetes, periodontitis and 100 mg/kg/day GSPE (GSPE-100, 8 rats), and diabetes, periodontitis and 200 mg/kg/day GSPE (GSPE-200, 8 rats) group. Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Periodontitis was induced via ligation method. Silk ligatures were placed at the mandibular right first molars. GSPE was administered by oral gavage. After 30 days, all rats were killed. Alveolar bone loss was measured morphometrically via a stereomicroscope. For histopathological analyses, Alizarin red staining, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α immunohistochemistry were performed. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclast cells and relative total inflammatory cells were also determined. RESULTS The highest alveolar bone loss was observed in the D+P group (P < .05). GSP-200 group decreased alveolar bone loss (P < .05). The D+P group had the highest osteoclast counts, but the difference was not significant compared to the P, GSPE-100 and GSPE-200 groups (P > .05). The inflammation in the D+P group was also higher than the other groups (P < .05). The osteoblast numbers increased in the GSPE-100 and GSPE-200 groups compared to the P and D+P groups (P < .05). MMP-8 and HIF-1α levels were highest in the D+P group and GSPE significantly decreased these levels (P < .05). CONCLUSION Within the limits of this animal study, it can be suggested that GSPE administration may decrease periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss via decreasing MMP-8 and HIF-1α levels and increase osteoblastic activity in diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Toker
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - H Balci Yuce
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - A Lektemur Alpan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - F Gevrek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - M Elmastas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Salomon-Zimri S, Glat MJ, Barhum Y, Luz I, Boehm-Cagan A, Liraz O, Ben-Zur T, Offen D, Michaelson DM. Reversal of ApoE4-Driven Brain Pathology by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 53:1443-58. [PMID: 27372644 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), the most prevalent genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), is associated with increased neurodegeneration and vascular impairments. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), originally described as a key angiogenic factor, has recently been shown to play a crucial role in the nervous system. The objective of this research is to examine the role of VEGF in mediating the apoE4-driven pathologies. We show that hippocampal VEGF levels are lower in apoE4 targeted replacement mice compared to the corresponding apoE3 mice. This effect was accompanied by a specific decrease in both VEGF receptor-2 and HIF1-α. We next set to examine whether upregulation of VEGF can reverse apoE4-driven pathologies, namely the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau (AT8) and Aβ42, and reduced levels of the pre-synaptic marker, VGluT1, and of the ApoE receptor, ApoER2. This was first performed utilizing intra-hippocampal injection of VEGF-expressing-lentivirus (LV-VEGF). This revealed that LV-VEGF treatment reversed the apoE4-driven cognitive deficits and synaptic pathologies. The levels of Aβ42 and AT8, however, were increased in apoE3 mice, masking any potential effects of this treatment on the apoE4 mice. Follow-up experiments utilizing VEGF-expressing adeno-associated-virus (AAV-VEGF), which expresses VEGF specifically under the GFAP astrocytic promoter, prevented this effects on apoE3 mice, and reversed the apoE4-related increase in Aβ42 and AT8. Taken together, these results suggest that apoE4-driven pathologies are mediated by a VEGF-dependent pathway, resulting in cognitive impairments and brain pathology. These animal model findings suggest that the VEGF system is a promising target for the treatment of apoE4 carriers in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Salomon-Zimri
- Department of Neurobiology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Micaela Johanna Glat
- Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Barhum
- Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ishai Luz
- Department of Neurobiology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Boehm-Cagan
- Department of Neurobiology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Liraz
- Department of Neurobiology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tali Ben-Zur
- Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Offen
- Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel M Michaelson
- Department of Neurobiology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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55
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Wu Y, Li Y, Liao X, Wang Z, Li R, Zou S, Jiang T, Zheng B, Duan P, Xiao J. Diabetes Induces Abnormal Ovarian Function via Triggering Apoptosis of Granulosa Cells and Suppressing Ovarian Angiogenesis. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:1297-1308. [PMID: 29104496 PMCID: PMC5666528 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.21172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes triggers abnormal ovarian follicular development and consequently leads to infertility. Here, we established a type 2 diabetes mouse model by feeding with high fat diet (HFD) for 15/20 weeks and assessed the effect of diabetes on follicular development and ovarian angiogenesis. After fed with HFD for 15 weeks, mice had the characteristics of type 2 diabetes, which was much more serious after 20 weeks on HFD. After 20 weeks on HFD, the mice had shown abnormal ovarian morphology with hyaline appearance, much less blood vessel, follicular development arrest and less of granulosa cells (GCs) in mature follicles, but not in ovaries from 15 weeks on HFD. Elevated makers of DNA damage, ER stress and apoptosis of GCs were observed in ovaries from HFD for 20 weeks. Additionally, diabetes significantly suppressed ovarian angiogenesis with the evidence of down-regulation of CD31 via inhibiting HIF1α-VEGF signaling pathway in time-dependent. We concluded that diabetes triggers abnormal ovarian function via inducing GCs apoptosis and suppressing ovarian angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Wu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xinghui Liao
- Department of Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing Zhejiang 314000
| | - Zhengchao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Rui Li
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shuang Zou
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Bingbing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
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56
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Wang L, Fan J, Yan CY, Ling R, Yun J. Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α by prolonged in vivo hyperinsulinemia treatment potentiates cancerous progression in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:545-551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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57
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Serebrovska TV, Portnychenko AG, Drevytska TI, Portnichenko VI, Xi L, Egorov E, Gavalko AV, Naskalova S, Chizhova V, Shatylo VB. Intermittent hypoxia training in prediabetes patients: Beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis, hypoxia tolerance and gene expression. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:1542-1552. [PMID: 28758418 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217723578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at examining beneficial effects of intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) under prediabetic conditions. We investigate the effects of three-week IHT on blood glucose level, tolerance to acute hypoxia, and leukocyte mRNA expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and its target genes, i.e. insulin receptor, facilitated glucose transporter-solute carrier family-2, and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily J. Seven healthy and 11 prediabetic men and women (44-70 years of age) were examined before, next day and one month after three-week IHT (3 sessions per week, each session consisting 4 cycles of 5-min 12% O2 and 5-min room air breathing). We found that IHT afforded beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis in patients with prediabetes reducing fasting glucose and during standard oral glucose tolerance test. The most pronounced positive effects were observed at one month after IHT termination. IHT also significantly increased the tolerance to acute hypoxia (i.e. SaO2 level at 20th min of breathing with 12% O2) and improved functional parameters of respiratory and cardiovascular systems. IHT stimulated HIF-1α mRNA expression in blood leukocytes in healthy and prediabetic subjects, but in prediabetes patients the maximum increase was lagged. The greatest changes in mRNA expression of HIF-1α target genes occurred a month after IHT and coincided with the largest decrease in blood glucose levels. The higher expression of HIF-1α was positively associated with higher tolerance to hypoxia and better glucose homeostasis. In conclusion, our results suggest that IHT may be useful for preventing the development of type 2 diabetes. Impact statement The present study investigated the beneficial effects of intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) in humans under prediabetic conditions. We found that three-week moderate IHT induced higher HIF-1α mRNA expressions as well as its target genes, which were positively correlated with higher tolerance to acute hypoxia and better glucose homeostasis in both middle-aged healthy and prediabetic subjects. This small clinical trial has provided new data suggesting a potential utility of IHT for management of prediabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alla G Portnychenko
- 1 Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev 01024, Ukraine.,2 ICAMER, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana I Drevytska
- 1 Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev 01024, Ukraine.,2 ICAMER, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir I Portnichenko
- 1 Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev 01024, Ukraine.,2 ICAMER, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Lei Xi
- 3 Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.,4 School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Egor Egorov
- 5 CELLGYM Technologies GmbH, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Anna V Gavalko
- 6 D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, Kiev 04114, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Valeriy B Shatylo
- 6 D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, Kiev 04114, Ukraine
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58
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Wong BW, Marsch E, Treps L, Baes M, Carmeliet P. Endothelial cell metabolism in health and disease: impact of hypoxia. EMBO J 2017. [PMID: 28637793 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201696150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the general belief, endothelial cell (EC) metabolism has recently been identified as a driver rather than a bystander effect of angiogenesis in health and disease. Indeed, different EC subtypes present with distinct metabolic properties, which determine their function in angiogenesis upon growth factor stimulation. One of the main stimulators of angiogenesis is hypoxia, frequently observed in disease settings such as cancer and atherosclerosis. It has long been established that hypoxic signalling and metabolism changes are highly interlinked. In this review, we will provide an overview of the literature and recent findings on hypoxia-driven EC function and metabolism in health and disease. We summarize evidence on metabolic crosstalk between different hypoxic cell types with ECs and suggest new metabolic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Wong
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elke Marsch
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucas Treps
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Myriam Baes
- Laboratory for Cell Metabolism, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
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59
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Bianchi L, Porta C, Rinaldi A, Gazzaruso C, Fratino P, DeCata P, Protti P, Paltro R, Bernardi L. Integrated cardiovascular/respiratory control in type 1 diabetes evidences functional imbalance: Possible role of hypoxia. Int J Cardiol 2017; 244:254-259. [PMID: 28666602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular (baroreflex) and respiratory (chemoreflex) control mechanisms were studied separately in diabetes, but their reciprocal interaction (well known for diseases like heart failure) had never been comprehensively assessed. We hypothesized that prevalent autonomic neuropathy would depress both reflexes, whereas prevalent autonomic imbalance through sympathetic activation would depress the baroreflex but enhance the chemoreflexes. METHODS In 46 type-1 diabetic subjects (7.0±0.9year duration) and 103 age-matched controls we measured the baroreflex (average of 7 methods), and the chemoreflexes, (hypercapnic: ventilation/carbon dioxide slope during hyperoxic progressive hypercapnia; hypoxic: ventilation/oxygen saturation slope during normocapnic progressive hypoxia). Autonomic dysfunction was evaluated by cardiovascular reflex tests. RESULTS Resting oxygen saturation and baroreflex sensitivity were reduced in the diabetic group, whereas the hypercapnic chemoreflex was significantly increased in the entire diabetic group. Despite lower oxygen saturation the hypoxic chemoreflex showed a trend toward a depression in the diabetic group. CONCLUSION Cardio-respiratory control imbalance is a common finding in early type 1 diabetes. A reduced sensitivity to hypoxia seems a primary factor leading to reflex sympathetic activation (enhanced hypercapnic chemoreflex and baroreflex depression), hence suggesting a functional origin of cardio-respiratory control imbalance in initial diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bianchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Porta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Rinaldi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Gazzaruso
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, IRCCS Fondazione S.Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - P Fratino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, IRCCS Fondazione S.Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - P DeCata
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, IRCCS Fondazione S.Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - P Protti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - R Paltro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - L Bernardi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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60
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Wu J, Yang L, Xie P, Yu J, Yu T, Wang H, Maimaitili Y, Wang J, Ma H, Yang Y, Zheng H. Cobalt Chloride Upregulates Impaired HIF-1α Expression to Restore Sevoflurane Post-conditioning-Dependent Myocardial Protection in Diabetic Rats. Front Physiol 2017; 8:395. [PMID: 28659817 PMCID: PMC5468378 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies from our group have demonstrated that sevoflurane post-conditioning (SPC) protects against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via elevating the intranuclear expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α). However, diabetic SPC is associated with decreased myocardial protection and disruption of the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Previous studies have demonstrated that cobalt chloride (CoCl2) can upregulate HIF-1α expression under diabetic conditions, but whether myocardial protection by SPC can be restored afterward remains unclear. We established a rat model of type 2 diabetes and a Langendorff isolated heart model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Prior to reperfusion, 2.4% sevoflurane was used as a post-conditioning treatment. The diabetic rats were treated with CoCl2 24 h before the experiment. At the end of reperfusion, tests were performed to assess myocardial function, infarct size, mitochondrial morphology, nitric oxide (NO), Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial respiratory function and enzyme activity, HIF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) protein levels. In addition, myocardial protection by SPC was monitored after the blood glucose levels were lowered by insulin. The diabetic state was associated with deficient SPC protection and decreased HIF-1α expression. After treating the diabetic rats with CoCl2, SPC significantly upregulated the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF and eNOS, which markedly improved cardiac function, NO, mitochondrial respiratory function, and enzyme activity and decreased the infarction areas and ROS. In addition, these effects were not influenced by blood glucose levels. This study proved that CoCl2activates the HIF-1α signaling pathway, which restores SPC-dependent myocardial protection under diabetic conditions, and the protective effects of SPC were independent of blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjiang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Long Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical CollegeZunyi, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical CollegeZunyi, China
| | - Yiliyaer Maimaitili
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Haiping Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Yining Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
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Lin Y, Shen J, Li D, Ming J, Liu X, Zhang N, Lai J, Shi M, Ji Q, Xing Y. MiR-34a contributes to diabetes-related cochlear hair cell apoptosis via SIRT1/HIF-1α signaling. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 246:63-70. [PMID: 28263817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been considered to be associated with a higher likelihood of hearing impairment (HI). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the association between diabetes and HI are poorly understood. MicroRNAs have recently been demonstrated to be closely associated with hearing loss and considered as promising therapeutic targets. Herein, we investigated whether miR-34a contributes to diabetes-related cochlear hair cell apoptosis and sought to identify the underlying mechanism. The results showed that miR-34a was up-regulated in the cochleas of db/db mice, accompanied by significant hearing threshold elevation and hair cell loss. However, the expression of SIRT1 was significantly down-regulated, while hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) levels were dramatically increased in the cochleas of db/db mice. In addition, in the high-glucose cultured House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cell line, miR-34a overexpression inhibited sirtuin1 (SIRT1) expression, increased HIF-1α levels and promoted apoptosis. MiR-34a knockdown exerted effects that were diametrically opposed to those observed with overexpression. Interestingly, HIF-1α knockdown almost eliminated the cell apoptosis induced by high glucose levels. We also examined the modulation of HIF-1α expression by SIRT1. The results showed that SIRT1 knockdown further promoted high-glucose-induced HIF-1α expression, while SIRT1 overexpression significantly inhibited HIF-1α level induced by high glucose. These findings point to a new mechanism by which miR-34a exerts its detrimental effects by negatively regulating SIRT1/HIF-1α signaling and provide new therapeutic targets for treating hearing impairment during diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Blotting, Western
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hair Cells, Auditory/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Auditory/pathology
- Hearing Loss/etiology
- Hearing Loss/metabolism
- Hearing Loss/pathology
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction
- Sirtuin 1/genetics
- Sirtuin 1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jinjin Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Danfeng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jie Ming
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jingbo Lai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Qiuhe Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Ying Xing
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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62
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Diabetes, hipoxia e doenças cardiovasculares: do mecanismo molecular ao tratamento. Rev Port Cardiol 2017; 36:375-376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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63
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Ferreira JV. Diabetes, hypoxia and cardiovascular disease: From molecular mechanism to treatment. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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64
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Carraway KR, Johnson EM, Kauffmann TC, Fry NJ, Mansfield KD. Hypoxia and Hypoglycemia synergistically regulate mRNA stability. RNA Biol 2017; 14:938-951. [PMID: 28362162 PMCID: PMC5546718 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2017.1311456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic events, common in many diseases, result from decreased blood flow and impaired delivery of oxygen and glucose to tissues of the body. While much is known about the cellular transcriptional response to ischemia, much less is known about the posttranscriptional response to oxygen and glucose deprivation. The goal of this project was to investigate one such posttranscriptional response, the regulation of mRNA stability. To that end, we have identified several novel ischemia-related mRNAs that are synergistically stabilized by oxygen and glucose deprivation including VEGF, MYC, MDM2, and CYR61. This increase in mRNA half-life requires the synergistic effects of both low oxygen (1%) as well as low glucose (≤ 1 g/L) conditions. Oxygen or glucose deprivation alone fails to initiate the response, as exposure to either high glucose (4 g/L) or normoxic conditions inhibits the response. Furthermore, in response to hypoxia/hypoglycemia, the identified mRNAs are released from the RNA binding protein KHSRP which likely contributes to their stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen R Carraway
- a Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine , East Carolina University , Greenville , NC , USA
| | - Ellen M Johnson
- a Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine , East Carolina University , Greenville , NC , USA
| | - Travis C Kauffmann
- b Brody School of Medicine , East Carolina University , Greenville , NC , USA
| | - Nate J Fry
- a Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine , East Carolina University , Greenville , NC , USA
| | - Kyle D Mansfield
- a Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine , East Carolina University , Greenville , NC , USA
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65
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Kumar A, Jeya Sundara Sharmila D, Singh S. SVMRFE based approach for prediction of most discriminatory gene target for type II diabetes. GENOMICS DATA 2017; 12:28-37. [PMID: 28275550 PMCID: PMC5331150 DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Type II diabetes is a chronic condition that affects the way our body metabolizes sugar. The body's important source of fuel is now becoming a chronic disease all over the world. It is now very necessary to identify the new potential targets for the drugs which not only control the disease but also can treat it. Support vector machines are the classifier which has a potential to make a classification of the discriminatory genes and non-discriminatory genes. SVMRFE a modification of SVM ranks the genes based on their discriminatory power and eliminate the genes which are not involved in causing the disease. A gene regulatory network has been formed with the top ranked coding genes to identify their role in causing diabetes. To further validate the results pathway study was performed to identify the involvement of the coding genes in type II diabetes. The genes obtained from this study showed a significant involvement in causing the disease, which may be used as a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Karunya University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Jeya Sundara Sharmila
- Department of Nanosciences and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agriculture University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sachidanand Singh
- Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Karunya University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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66
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Ekambaram P, Narayanan M, Parasuraman P. Differential expression of survival proteins during decreased intracellular oxygen tension in brain endothelial cells of grey mullets. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 115:421-428. [PMID: 28043644 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The brain requires constant oxygen supply to perform its biological functions essential for survival. Because of low oxygen capacity and poor oxygen diffusibility of water, many fish species have evolved various adaptive mechanisms to cope with depleted oxygen. Endothelial cells (EC) are the primary components responsible for controlled environment of brain. Brain homeostasis largely depends on integrity of the EC. To elucidate their adaptive strategy, EC were isolated from the fish brain of Kovalam-control site and Ennore estuary-test/field hypoxic site and were subjected to low oxygen tension in laboratory. Cell viability, 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were analyzed to ascertain stress. Hypoxic insult, cytoprotective role of HSPs and apoptotic effect were analyzed by assessing hypoxia-inducible-factor-α (HIF1α), heat-shock-protein-70 (HSP70), heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and apoptosis signal regulating kinase-1 (ASK1). This study evidenced that HSP70 and HO-1 are the key stress proteins, confer high tolerance to decreased oxygen tension mediated stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmini Ekambaram
- P.G. Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College (A), Affiliated to University of Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Meenakshi Narayanan
- P.G. Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College (A), Affiliated to University of Madras, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Parimala Parasuraman
- P.G. Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College (A), Affiliated to University of Madras, Tamil Nadu, India
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67
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Deferoxamine Suppresses Collagen Cleavage and Protease, Cytokine, and COL10A1 Expression and Upregulates AMPK and Krebs Cycle Genes in Human Osteoarthritic Cartilage. Int J Rheumatol 2016; 2016:6432867. [PMID: 28042296 PMCID: PMC5155111 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6432867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the effects of the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) on collagen cleavage, inflammation, and chondrocyte hypertrophy in relation to energy metabolism-related gene expression in osteoarthritic (OA) articular cartilage. Full-depth explants of human OA knee articular cartilage from arthroplasty were cultured with exogenous DFO (1–50 μM). Type II collagen cleavage and phospho-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) concentrations were measured using ELISAs. Gene expression studies employed real-time PCR and included AMPK analyses in PBMCs. In OA explants collagen cleavage was frequently downregulated by 10–50 μM DFO. PCR analysis of 7 OA patient cartilages revealed that 10 μM DFO suppressed expression of MMP-1, MMP-13, IL-1β, and TNFα and a marker of chondrocyte hypertrophy, COL10A1. No changes were observed in the expression of glycolysis-related genes. In contrast, expressions of genes associated with the mitochondrial Krebs cycle (TCA), AMPK, HIF1α, and COL2A1 were upregulated. AMPK gene expression was reduced in OA cartilage and increased in PBMCs from the same patients compared to healthy controls. Our studies demonstrate that DFO is capable of suppressing excessive collagenase-mediated type II collagen cleavage in OA cartilage and reversing phenotypic changes. The concomitant upregulation of proanabolic TCA-related gene expressions points to a potential for availability of energy generating substrates required for matrix repair by end-stage OA chondrocytes. This might normally be prevented by high whole-body energy requirements indicated by elevated AMPK expression in PBMCs of OA patients.
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68
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Glyoxalase 1-knockdown in human aortic endothelial cells - effect on the proteome and endothelial function estimates. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37737. [PMID: 27898103 PMCID: PMC5127188 DOI: 10.1038/srep37737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), an arginine-directed glycating agent, is implicated in diabetic late complications. MG is detoxified by glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) of the cytosolic glyoxalase system. The aim was to investigate the effects of MG accumulation by GLO1-knockdown under hyperglycaemic conditions in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) hypothesizing that the accumulation of MG accounts for the deleterious effects on vascular function. SiRNA-mediated knockdown of GLO1 was performed and MG concentrations were determined. The impact of MG on the cell proteome and targets of MG glycation was analysed, and confirmed by Western blotting. Markers of endothelial function and apoptosis were assessed. Collagen content was assayed in cell culture supernatant. GLO1-knockdown increased MG concentration in cells and culture medium. This was associated with a differential abundance of cytoskeleton stabilisation proteins, intermediate filaments and proteins involved in posttranslational modification of collagen. An increase in fibrillar collagens 1 and 5 was detected. The extracellular concentration of endothelin-1 was increased following GLO1-knockdown, whereas the phosphorylation and amount of eNOS was not influenced by GLO1-knockdown. The expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and of MCP-1 was elevated and apoptosis was increased. MG accumulation by GLO1-knockdown provoked collagen expression, endothelial inflammation and dysfunction and apoptosis which might contribute to vascular damage.
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69
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Abstract
Autonomic dysfunction is a frequent and relevant complication of diabetes mellitus, as it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In addition, it is today considered as predictive of the most severe diabetic complications, like nephropathy and retinopathy. The classical methods of screening are the cardiovascular reflex tests and were originally interpreted as evidence of nerve damage. A more modern approach, based on the integrated control of cardiovascular and respiratory function, reveals that these abnormalities are to a great extent functional, at least in the early stage of the disease, thus suggesting new potential interventions. Therefore, this review aims to go further investigating how the imbalance of the autonomic nervous system is altered and can be influenced in many chronic pathologies through a global view of cardio-respiratory and metabolic interactions and how the same mechanisms are applicable to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Bernardi
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Program Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- , Villaggio dei Pioppi 2, 27020, Torre d'Isola, Italy.
| | - Lucio Bianchi
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, AP-HP, CRNH-IdF, Paris-Nord University, Bondy, France
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70
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Van Acker N, Ragé M, Vermeirsch H, Schrijvers D, Nuydens R, Byttebier G, Timmers M, De Schepper S, Streffer J, Andries L, Plaghki L, Cras P, Meert T. NRP-1 Receptor Expression Mismatch in Skin of Subjects with Experimental and Diabetic Small Fiber Neuropathy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161441. [PMID: 27598321 PMCID: PMC5012683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vivo cutaneous nerve regeneration model using capsaicin is applied extensively to study the regenerative mechanisms and therapeutic efficacy of disease modifying molecules for small fiber neuropathy (SFN). Since mismatches between functional and morphological nerve fiber recovery are described for this model, we aimed at determining the capability of the capsaicin model to truly mimic the morphological manifestations of SFN in diabetes. As nerve and blood vessel growth and regenerative capacities are defective in diabetes, we focused on studying the key regulator of these processes, the neuropilin-1 (NRP-1)/semaphorin pathway. This led us to the evaluation of NRP-1 receptor expression in epidermis and dermis of subjects presenting experimentally induced small fiber neuropathy, diabetic polyneuropathy and of diabetic subjects without clinical signs of small fiber neuropathy. The NRP-1 receptor was co-stained with CD31 vessel-marker using immunofluorescence and analyzed with Definiens® technology. This study indicates that capsaicin application results in significant loss of epidermal NRP-1 receptor expression, whereas diabetic subjects presenting small fiber neuropathy show full epidermal NRP-1 expression in contrast to the basal expression pattern seen in healthy controls. Capsaicin induced a decrease in dermal non-vascular NRP-1 receptor expression which did not appear in diabetic polyneuropathy. We can conclude that the capsaicin model does not mimic diabetic neuropathy related changes for cutaneous NRP-1 receptor expression. In addition, our data suggest that NRP-1 might play an important role in epidermal nerve fiber loss and/or defective regeneration and that NRP-1 receptor could change the epidermal environment to a nerve fiber repellant bed possibly through Sem3A in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Van Acker
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- HistoGeneX NV, Antwerp, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael Ragé
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Rony Nuydens
- Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutics NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Geert Byttebier
- Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutics NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Maarten Timmers
- Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutics NV, Beerse, Belgium
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Johannes Streffer
- Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutics NV, Beerse, Belgium
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Léon Plaghki
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Cras
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Born Bunge Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Theo Meert
- Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutics NV, Beerse, Belgium
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71
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Li NA, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhao E. Knockdown of hypoxia inducible factor-2α inhibits cell invasion via the downregulation of MMP-2 expression in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:3743-3748. [PMID: 27313686 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are important regulatory molecules of the intracellular oxygen-signaling pathway. The role of HIF-1α has been confirmed in breast carcinoma; however, little is understood concerning the function of HIF-2α. The present study treated human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells with the HIF activator cobalt chloride, and transfected HIF-2α small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) into MCF-7 cells to suppress HIF-2α expression. The siRNAs significantly reduced the levels of HIF-2α and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in the treated MCF-7 cells. An invasion assay demonstrated that the siRNAs targeting HIF-2α inhibited the invasion potency of the cells. The present study concludes that loss of HIF-2α may be associated with a decreased risk for the progression of human breast cancer, due to the downregulation of the expression of MMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Li
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Hongxing Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Erchen Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
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72
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Cytotoxic activity of anticancer drugs on hepatocellular carcinoma cells in hypoxic-hyponutritional culture. Int Surg 2016; 99:745-52. [PMID: 25437582 DOI: 10.9738/intsurg-d-14-00073.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate which anticancer drugs and combination of dual drugs could further promote the inhibition of cell growth in vitro against HCC cell line (HepG2) in the hypoxic and hyponutritional culture medium (HHCM) mimicked the different scenarios of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). The cells of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated by TACE suffered various hypoxia and hyponutrition. The cells were treated for 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours, respectively, using 10 drugs including epirubicin (EPI), cisplatin (DDP), mitomycin-C (MMC), oxaliplatin (OXA), hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), gemcitabine (GEM), docetaxel (DTX), thiotepa (TSPA), and pemetrexed disodium (PEM) in 4 concentrations of HHCM (5%, 10%, 25%, and 50%, respectively) mimicking the scenario of TACE and were assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cells treated with combinations of dual drugs for 24 hours were also tested. The sensitive drugs with inhibition rates more than 30% were EPI, MMC, HCPT, OXA, and PEM in 4 types of HHCMs. The sensitivity of the cells to treatment with drugs for 24 hours was significantly higher than the sensitivity of the cells to treatment with drugs for 2 hours in 5%, 10%, and 25% HHCM. The sensitivity of the combination of dual drugs was no more than the sensitivity of the single drug with higher sensitivity in 4 concentrations of HHCM. EPI, MMC, HCPT, OXA, and PEM exhibited cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells in various hypoxia and hyponutrition states. Prolonging the time of exposure could increase the sensitivity of drug, and the combination of dual drugs cannot enhance the cytotoxic effect.
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73
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Hepcidin and iron metabolism in non-diabetic obese and type 2 diabetic rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 35:851-857. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-015-1517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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74
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Post-mortem analysis of lactate concentration in diabetics and metformin poisonings. Int J Legal Med 2015; 129:1225-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-015-1256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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75
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Deferoxamine Preconditioning of Neural-Like Cells Derived from Human Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Strategy to Promote Their Tolerance and Therapeutic Potential: An In Vitro Study. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 36:689-700. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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76
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Yang Y, Cong H, Han C, Yue L, Dong H, Liu J. 12-Deoxyphorbol 13-palmitate inhibits the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α in MCF-7 cells by blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1755-60. [PMID: 26239613 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an essential component for angiogenesis, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which controls the switch of glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, activates the transcription of VEGF. 12-Deoxyphorbol 13-palmitate (DP) is a compound isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana, and has been revealed to possess anticancer activity. In the present study, we found that DP is an effective inhibitor of VEGF and HIF-1α in MCF-7 cells. DP markedly reduced cell viability as determined by MTT assay. ELISA, western blotting and RT-qPCR assays indicated that DP significantly decreased the protein and mRNA expression of VEGF and the protein expression of HIF-1α, while HIF-1α mRNA remained unchanged. In addition, the entrance of HIF-1α into the nucleus was blocked after DP treatment as detected by immunofluorescence analysis. In a further study, we proved that the effects mentioned above were associated with constitutive interference of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. DP effectively inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K and its downstream factors p-Akt and p-mTOR, oppositely enhanced the expression of TSC1 (hamartin) and TSC2 (tuberin), which could be reversed by the co-treatment with the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin. Moreover, the addition of wortmanin further downregulated the protein levels of VEGF and HIF-1α. The results revealed that DP inhibited the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, confirming that DP may be a potential therapeutic candidate for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Jianhua, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Huan Cong
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Jianhua, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Cuicui Han
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Jianhua, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Liling Yue
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Jianhua, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Dong
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Jianhua, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Jicheng Liu
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Jianhua, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
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77
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Yoon C, Kim J, Park G, Kim S, Kim D, Hur DY, Kim B, Kim YS. Delivery of miR-155 to retinal pigment epithelial cells mediated by Burkitt's lymphoma exosomes. Tumour Biol 2015. [PMID: 26211004 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellularly secreted vesicles ranging from 40 to 100 nm in diameter that are thought to play important roles in intercellular communication. Exosomes contain numerous proteins, RNA, and lipids that can affect the status of recipient cells under various pathological conditions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play a major role in post-transcriptional gene silencing by interacting with the 3'-untranslated regions of target genes. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been reported to induce sustained elevation of cellular miRNAs such as miR-155. We hypothesized that miRNAs delivered by exosomes might affect the angiogenesis of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Here, we demonstrated that co-culture of EBV-positive Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells (Raji) with retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells increased the level of miR-155 in recipient cells whereas no major difference was detected for co-culture with EBV-negative BL cells (Ramos). Isolated Raji exosomes increased transcriptional and translational levels of VEGF-A in ARPE-19 cells, which was reversely correlated with von Hippel-Lindau expression. A human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation assay showed that delivery of ectopic miR-155 rendered ARPE-19 cells proangiogenic. Our results demonstrate that sustained accumulation of miR-155 mediated by exosomes might affect remote recipient cells such as retinal pigment epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changshin Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Gabin Park
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghan Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Hur
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- Department of Pathology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Seok Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 614-735, Republic of Korea.
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Behl T, Kaur I, Goel H, Kotwani A. Significance of the antiangiogenic mechanisms of thalidomide in the therapy of diabetic retinopathy. Vascul Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26196302 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is an ocular complication associated with the chronic endocrine disorder of diabetes mellitus. Angiogenesis is adjudged as a prime modulatory event in this complication. The formation of new blood vessels on the pre-existing vasculature gives rise to an abundance of anatomical and physiological alterations which ultimately results in vision loss. The drastic consequences of this complication prompt the obligation of developing effective therapies for its cure. The existing therapy mainly includes destructive techniques such as laser photocoagulation. Owing to the various drawbacks associated with this technique, there is a need to develop alternative therapies which could halt the progression of diabetic retinopathy without causing considerable damage to the retinal cells. One such possible alternative treatment being researched upon is the antiangiogenic therapy. Since angiogenesis is a critical event during the progression of this disorder, targeting this event may perhaps prove effective in its treatment. Amongst several antiangiogenic agents, thalidomide holds a reputable position due to its effectiveness in terminating angiogenesis during various pathological conditions. This review focuses on the diverse molecular mechanisms proposed to explain the antiangiogenic properties of thalidomide and their applicability in diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Ishneet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacy, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Heena Goel
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Junga, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anita Kotwani
- Department of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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79
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Li S, Li Q, Yu W, Xiao Q. High glucose and/or high insulin affects HIF-1 signaling by regulating AIP1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2015; 109:48-56. [PMID: 26021979 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the effects of high glucose/high insulin on AIP1 expression in HUVECs and the possible regulation of HIF-1α signaling by AIP1. METHODS We investigated the expression of AIP1 and HIF-1α signaling in HUVECs at the levels of mRNA and protein following exposure to 30 mmol/L glucose (high glucose), 1 nmol/L insulin (high insulin), and the combination of the two (high glucose/high insulin). We detected changes in HIF-1α and VEGF expression with AIP1 siRNA interference by real-time PCR and western blotting. The CCK8 cell proliferation assay, the scratch/wound-healing assay, and flow cytometry were used to assess cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis, respectively. Matrigel was used to perform a tubule formation assay. RESULTS Compared with 5.5 mmol/L glucose alone (control), high glucose, high insulin, and the combination of high glucose+high insulin increased AIP1 expression at 24 h at the mRNA and protein levels. High glucose, high insulin, and high glucose+high insulin decreased HIF-1α expression at the mRNA and protein levels. AIP1 knockdown significantly increased HIF-1α and VEGF expression at both the mRNA and protein levels in HUVECs under high glucose conditions. In the presence of high insulin, the effect of high glucose on target gene expression was altered. The downregulation of AIP1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and tubule formation, and it decreased apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS High glucose increases AIP1 expression and decreases the expression of HIF-1α and downstream molecules. Decreased HIF-1α signaling may be regulated by increased AIP1 under high glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Graduate School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, 111 Liuhua Street, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, 111 Liuhua Street, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
| | - Wenlin Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, 111 Liuhua Street, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, 111 Liuhua Street, Guangzhou, 510010, China
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80
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Padmini E, Tharani J. Differential expression of HO-1 and CYP1A2 during up-regulation of ERK in stressed fish hepatocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:4147. [PMID: 25471622 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-4147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a crucial step in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Altered expression of such proteins in response to stress conditions is a key factor for the maintenance of cellular integrity and survival. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) are critical indicators of environmental exposure to hypoxia. The current study was aimed to analyse the expression pattern of HO-1, p-ERK, HIF-1α and CYP1A2 in hepatocytes of Mugil cephalus inhabiting Kovalam (unpolluted site) and Ennore (polluted site) estuaries. The impact of stress on hepatocytes was assessed by measuring the level of lipid hydroperoxides (LHP) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in hepatocytes of M. cephalus inhabiting these estuaries. The expression of HO-1, p-ERK, HIF-1α and CYP1A2 was analysed by ELISA and immunoblot analysis, respectively. There was significant decrease of GSH (19%) and CYP1A2 (34%) along with significant increase of LHP (31%), HO-1 (96%), p-ERK (p < 0.01) and HIF-1α (41%) in hepatocytes of M. cephalus inhabiting Ennore estuary than Kovalam estuary. The present study shows that increased synthesis of HO-1 mainly regulated by p-ERK and HIF-1α may significantly contribute to the environmental adaptation processes of grey mullet, by protecting the cells from oxidative stress and stress-induced degenerative changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekambaram Padmini
- P.G. Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, 600108, Tamil Nadu, India,
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81
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Gao W, Ferguson G, Connell P, Walshe T, O'Brien C, Redmond EM, Cahill PA. Glucose attenuates hypoxia-induced changes in endothelial cell growth by inhibiting HIF-1α expression. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2014; 11:270-280. [PMID: 24853909 DOI: 10.1177/1479164114533356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia and hypoxia play essential pathophysiological roles in diabetes. We determined whether hyperglycaemia influences endothelial cell growth under hypoxic conditions in vitro. Using a Ruskinn Invivo2 400 Hypoxia Workstation, bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were exposed to high glucose concentrations (25 mM glucose) under normoxic or hypoxic conditions before cell growth (balance of proliferation and apoptosis) was assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pCNA), Bcl-xL and caspase-3 protein expression and activity. Hypoxia increased hypoxia response element (HRE) transactivation and induced hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression when compared to normoxic controls concomitant with a significant decrease in cell growth. High glucose (25 mM) concentrations attenuated HRE transactivation and HIF-1α protein expression while concurrently reducing hypoxia-induced changes in BAEC growth. Knockdown of HIF-1α expression significantly decreased hypoxia-induced changes in growth and attenuated the modulatory effects of glucose. These results provide evidence that hypoxia-induced control of BAEC growth can be altered by the presence of glucose via inhibition of HIF-1α expression and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gail Ferguson
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul Connell
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Institute of Ophthalmology, The Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tony Walshe
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colm O'Brien
- Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Institute of Ophthalmology, The Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eileen M Redmond
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Paul A Cahill
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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Pagano G, Shyamsunder P, Verma RS, Lyakhovich A. Damaged mitochondria in Fanconi anemia - an isolated event or a general phenomenon? Oncoscience 2014; 1:287-95. [PMID: 25594021 PMCID: PMC4278298 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is known as an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome associated with cancer predisposition and susceptibility to a number of DNA damaging stimuli, along with a number of clinical features such as upper limb malformations, increased diabetes incidence and typical anomalies in skin pigmentation. The proteins encoded by FA-defective genes (FANC proteins) display well-established roles in DNA damage and repair pathways. Moreover, some independent studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) is also involved in FA phenotype. Unconfined to FA, we have shown that other syndromes featuring DNA damage and repair (such as ataxia-telangiectasia, AT, and Werner syndrome, WS) display MDF-related phenotypes, along with oxidative stress (OS) that, altogether, may play major roles in these diseases. Experimental and clinical studies are warranted in the prospect of future therapies to be focused on compounds scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as protecting mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pagano
- Italian National Cancer Institute, G Pascale Foundation, CROM, Mercogliano, AV, Italy
| | - Pavithra Shyamsunder
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai
| | - Rama S Verma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore ; Novosibirsk Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Russian Federation ; Queen's University Belfast, UK
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